CAC GIAI
P H A P N A N G C A O C H A TLirONG THU^C HIEN THAM QUYEN HO T R 0 TU PHAP CUA TOA AN VIET NAM DOI V 6 l TRONG TAI
T H U O N GMAI
NGUYEN THI THU TRANG'*' Tom tdt: Bai viet nay lim ro mot so'bat cap trong thUc trang phap luat va tbUc tien x4t xd lien quan den thdm quyin ho trd tU phap cua Toa an doi vdi trgng tai thifdng mai; d^c bift dua ra cac giai phap hUu hieu v^ c&'p thiet de nang cao cbA't lUdng .vet xd cua Toa an Viet Xam doi vdi loai viec niiy Tii" khoa: Phap luat trgng tai thUdng mai; trgng tai thuang mai: tham quyen ho trd tu phap doi vdi trgng tAi th Udng mai; giai phap.
Abstract: This article discussed limitations in regulations and practice of judgment of Vietnamese courts on judicial assistance to trade referee, m order to propose effective and cs.scntia7 solutions to improve and facilitate the quality of judgment of Vietnamese courts.
Keywords: Referee law; trade referee, judicial assistance; solution.
NgAy nhin bAi: 30/3/2020; Ngay sda bai: 20/4/2020; Ngay duyet d&ng bki: 20/5/2020.
Dan nhap
Trpng tai thfldng mai (TTTM) dang dan trd thanh phfldng thflc giai quyet tranh cha'p thay the cho Tda an dfldc sii dung phd bie'n bdi cac ben trong thfldng mai qudc te. Tuy nhien, de to' tung trpng tai cd the didn ra mot each thuan ldi va dam bao kha nang thi hanh cua phan quyet trpng tai (PQTT) thi cdn cd sfl hd trd cua Tda an qudc gia. Chinh vi vay, phap luat TTTM cua cac nfldc tren the gidi cung nhfl phap luat TTTM Viet Nam deu ghi nhan tham quyen hd trd tfl phap cua Tda an ddi vdi TTTM. Theo dd, vdi tfl each la ed quan tfl phap edng, Tda an cd tham quyen nhan danh Nha nfldc giup dd, trd giup, hd trd hoat ddng TTTM thdng qua viec giai quyet cac tranh chap, yeu cau lien quan den boat ddng trpng tdi theo cac thu tuc td tung do phap luat quy dinh va theo hfldng cd ldi cho boat ddng to' tung trpng tai de
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dam bao to' tung trpng tdi didn ra mdt cdch cdng bdng va hieu qua.
Theo quy dinh tai Dieu 414 Bd luat Td tung dan sfl ndm 2015 va khoan 2 Dieu 7 ciia Luat TTTM, quy dinh cua phap luat Viet Nam ve" tham quyen ho trd tfl phap cua Tda an Viet Nam ddi vdi TTTM khdng cd nhie"u sfl khac biet so vdi cac quy dinh cua Ludt Mdu ve TTTM qud'c te' cua Uy ban Lien Hiep Qudc ve Luat thfldng mai qud'c te (Luat Mdu UNCITRAL) cung nhfl Cdng fldc NewYork nam 1958 ve" Cdng nhan vd cho thi hanh PQTT nfldc ngoai va deu bao gdm npi dung cd ban sau:
- Tham quyen hd trd tfl phap cua Tda an ddi vdi TTTM d giai doan trfldc khi bdt ddu va trong qua trinh td tung trpng tai bao gdm: (i) Thi hanh thda thuan trpng
•'' NCS, Hoc vien KHXH, EmaiL [email protected]
NH&N Lire KHOA HOC XA HOI Q
C.\C GIAI I'HAP NANG CAO CHAT LUONG THUC HIEN
tai: (ii) Chi dinh bode t h a y t h e TTV t r p n g tai vu viec; (iii) Ap d u n g cac bien p h a p k h d n ca'p t a m thdi (BPKCTT); (iv) T h u t h a p chflng cfl va trieu t a p ngfldi l a m chflng. Tda a n cd cac t h a m quyen ndy ddi vdi ca TTTM trong nfldc va TTTM nfldc ngoai tai Viet N a m . Tda an Viet N a m se khdng cd t h d m quyen hd trd tfl p h a p ddi vdi cac vu t r a n h cbd'p lien q u a n den T T T M cf nfldc ngoai khdng cd dia diem giai quyet bdng t r p n g tai ci Viet N a m .
- T h a m quyen ho trd tfl p h a p ciia Tda an ddi vdi TTTM d giai doan sau to t u n g trpng tai, lien q u a n den viec thi h a n h PQTT bao gdm: (i) Cdng n h a n k h a n d n g thi h d n h dfldng nhien cua PQTT t r o n g nfldc thdng qua viec chi xem xdt hu>- PQTT dd dfla t r e n cac can cfl dfldc p h a p luat quy dinh; cho phep HDTT siia chfla, bd s u n g PQTT; ddng ky PQTT vu viec. va (il) Cong n h a n va cho thi h a n h PQTT nfldc ngoai trfl cac trfldng hdp dflpc quy dinh va cho phep cdng n h a n va cho thi h a n h mpt p h d n PQTT nfldc ngoai.
Tu>' nhien, mpt so' quy dinh cua p h a p ludt Viet Nam cdn chfla thflc sfl phu hdp vdi p h a p luat quoc te' hodc cdn chfla ro rang, cu the. ddn den thue tidn xet xfl lien q u a n den loai viec nay cdn nhie"u h a n che.
Dieu na>- ddi hdi phai cd nhflng giai p h a p tich cflc vd hiiu hieu de cai thien va t a n g cfldng chat Ifldng xet xfl lien q u a n de'n t h a m quyen hd trd tfl p h a p cua Tda a n Viet Nam ddi vdi ca TTTM trong nfldc va nfldc ngoai.
1. C a c giai p h a p h o a n t h i e n p h a p l u a t CAC quy dinh hien nay cua phdp l u a t
\'iet Nam ve t h d m quyen hd trd tfl p h a p cua Tda an ddi vdi TTTM van cdn mpt so die'm chfla thflc sfl tfldng thich vdi L u a t
Q NHAN LUC KHOA HOC XA Hfti
Mdu UNCITRAL vd Cdng udc New York n a m 1958 c u n g nhfl xu hfldng c h u n g c u a p h a p l u a t qudc te tai cac quoc gia ^° "®^
t r p n g tai p h a t tridn nhfl Anh. P h a p , Singapore... De n a n g cao clidi lfl<?ng thflc hien t h a m quyen hd trd tfl p h a p ciia Tda a n ddi vdi TTTM. tac gia cho n i n g c a n h o a n t h i e n hdn nfla cac quy dinh c u a p h a p l u a t vd" va'n de n a y , t r o n g dd cd cac giai p h a p cu t h e s a u day.
* Svta doi khai niem ve "trgng tai nii^c ngoai"
Khai n i e m " p h a n quye't t r p n g t a i nfldc ngoai" t h e o p h a p l u a t Viet N a m cdn chfla p h u hdp vdi t h d n g le qud'c t e , m a cu t h e la chfla tfldng thich vdi quy d i n h c u a Cdng fldc NewYork khi k h o n g sii d u n g mot tieu chi duy nha't la "dia diem t r p n g t a i " ("seat of arbitration") de xac d i n h quoc tieh ciia mpt P Q T T . T r o n g k h i dd, t h e o n g u y e n tdc c h u n g cua p h a p l u a t t r p n g t a i qud'c t e t h i
"dia diem t r p n g tai" la t h u d t ngfl p h a p ly ma theo dd, to' t u n g t r p n g t a i se dfldc dieu chinh bdi l u a t ciia nfldc ndi cd dia diem t r p n g tai'". va Tda a n cua nfldc ndi cd dia diem t r p n g t a i se cd t h a m q u y e n t a i p h a n ddi vdi vu t r p n g tai dd. Noi each k h a c , day la tieu chi ve l a n h thd. Do vay, c a n svla doi k h a i n i e m ve "trpng t a i nfldc ngoai" tai k h o a n 11 Dieu 3 L u a t T T T M chi dfla t r e n tieu chi ve l a n h thd, cu t h e nhfl s a u
"Trpng tai nfldc ngoai la t r p n g t a i cd thii tuc t d t u n g t r p n g tai dfldc t i e n h a n h t h e o quy d i n h cua p h a p l u a t t r p n g t a i nfldc ngoai do cac b e n t h d a t h u a n lua chon de tie'n h a n h giai quye't t r a n h cha'p", Theo dd
'" UNCTAD, Module 5.1. International (V,m„ - , . . . . , , , . , , ' '-"mmercial Arbitration, tham khao tai http8.//unctad Docs/edmmisc232add38_en.pdf
S 6 B - 2 K 0
NGLY-EN THI THU TR\N{5 phan quyet ciia cac td chflc trpng tai qudc
te' nhfl ICC, HKIAC, SIAC... neu cd dia didm giai quye't tranh chap tai Viet Nam se dfldc xem la PQTT trong nfldc.
* Bo sung quy dinh phap luat ve tham quyen ap dung bien phap khan cap tam thdi cua Toa an de ho trd tii phap Trgng tai thUdng mai
Hien nay, quy dinh phap luat Viet Nam lien quan de'n dieu kien de Tda an xem xet vd cha'p thuan ap dung bien phap khan cd'p tam thdi (BPKCTT) cdn chfla thflc sfl rd rdng va phu hdp vdi tinh chat ciia cac vu viec dfldc giai quye't bdng TTTM. \^
vay de dam bao Tda an ap dung dung cac BPKCTT, can cd hfldng ddn cu the vd thd'ng nha't ve cac dieu kien de Tda an ban hanh BPKCTT theo yeu cau ciia mot ben.
Tac gia cho rdng cd the tham khao cac dieu kien quy dinh tai Dieu 17A ciia Luat Mdu UNCITRAL de phfl hdp vdi thdng le qud'c te, Ddng thdi, can cd hfldng ddn eu the ve cac bien phap khan cap tam thdi khac ma Tda an cd the dp dung theo quy dinh tai Dieu 132 Bp luat to tung dan sfl (BLTTDS 2015) de tranh tinh trang cac ben lam dung dieu khoan nay va dfla ra yeu cdu dp dung eac BPKCTT khdng phfl hdp. gay anh hfldng xau khdng chi ddi vdi cac ben tranh chd'p ma de'n ca ben thfl ba cd quyen va ldi ich lien quan.
Ben canh dd, tac gia eho rdng cd the md rpng pham vi ap dung ciia Luat BPKCTT trfldc khi khdi kien'^' ma Uy ban Tfl phap Qud'c hpi dang xuc tie'n soan thao vd hoan chinh nay cho ca trfldng hdp eac ben chudn bi khdi kien ra trpng tai nhflng vi ly do khach quan nen chfla the thflc hien dfldc de cd thd bao ve quyen va ldi ich cua cac ben tham gia trpng tai cung nhfl ho trd sd 6-2020
tdi da td tung trpng tai trong trfldng hdp cd nhu cau ca'p bach can ap dung BPKCTT. Ngoai ra. ed the can nhdc ap dung quy dinh nay doi vdi ca boat ddng trpng tai cd dia diem trpng tai d nfldc ngodi nhflng cd tdi san can ap dung BPKCTT d Viet Nam. Dieu nay hoan toan phfl hdp vdi quy dinh ciia Dieu 17J cua Luat Mdu UNCITRAL (ve "BPKCTT dfldc ban hanh bdi Tda dn") ddi vdi ca TTTM trong nfldc va nfldc ngodi, ddng thdi cung phfl hdp vdi thflc tien cua hoat ddng thfldng mai qudc te cflng nhfl vdi xu hfldng than thien vdi trpng tai (arbitration- friendly) tren the'gidi hien nay.
Viet Nam cung cd the tham khao quy dinh ciia Dieu 17H Ludt Mdu UNCITRAL ve viec cho phep edng nhan va cho thi hanh quyet dinh ap dung BPKCTT cua trpng tai nfldc ngodi tai Viet Nam"'. Theo Die"u 17H cua Luat mau UNCITRAL, viec cdng nhdn va cho thi hanh bien phap khan cd'p tam thdi dd trpng tai nfldc ngoai ban hanh cd the hi tfl chdi dfla tren cac can cfl quy dinh d Dieu 36 (l)(a)(i), (h), (iii) hodc (iv) cua Luat mau. Nhfl vay, hoan toan cd ed che' de Idem soat ciing nhfl giam sdt cac BPKCTT do Hpi ddng trpng tai (HDTT) nfldc ngoai ban hanh, vfla dam bao quyen tai phan cua qudc gia.vfla cd the ting hd boat dpng trpng
"' Toan van du thao Luat bien phap kha'n c^p tam thdi tnidc khi khdi kien c6 the xem tai:http//duthaoonlme.quochoi.vn/DuThao/Lists/DT_
DUTHAO_LUAT/View_Detailaspx?ItemID=1330 '" Xhom N>An hang The gidi (WBG) (2015), .Mot so vSin de chinh sacb hen quan den Trong t^i vk Hoa giai thanh trong Du thao BLTTDS sda doi. ban ngay 10/04/2015. Tai h#u gib QuSc hpi vk TANDTC do nh6m chuyen gia cao cap ve Phap luat Trong tki va Hoa giai, khoi Tai chinh thi trUdng cua Nhom Ngan hang The gidi (WBG) soan thao, Thang 5/2015
NHAN LUC KHOA HOC XA Hdi Q
CAC GIAI PHAl^ NANG CAP CHAT LCONt; THVC HIEN..
tai tdi da. C^ nhieu quoc gia theo L u a t Mau L'NCITR-AL da npi luat hda quy dinh n a y va cho phdp quyet dinh a p d u n g B P K C T T cua trpng tai nfldc ngodi cd the dfldc cong n h a n vd thi h a n h t r e n l a n h thd nfldc m i n h nhfl Singapore. Anh va An Dp'^'.
* Can hifdng dan cu the ve trinh tU thu tuc ap dung cac quy dinh phap Iuat ve tham quyen ho trcf td phap cua Toa an doi vdi trgng tai thddng mai nUdc ngoai co dia diem giai quye't tranii chap tai Viet Nam
Mac du Khoan 5 Dieu 5 Nghi quye't 01/2014/NQ-HDTP cua Hpi ddng t h d m p h a n Tda a n N h a n d a n Tdi cao (Nghi quyet 01/2014) cho phep Toa a n Viet N a m cd t h d m quyen bd trd tfl p h a p ddi vdi TTTM nfldc ngodi cd dia diem giai q u y e t t r a n h chd'p tai Viet N a m , tuy nhien, chfla cd hfldng ddn cu the ve" t r i n h tfl. thii tuc dd giai quye't cac yeu cau nay. Vi du, lieu t r i n h tfl t h u tuc de Tda an thflc hien t h d m quyen ho trd tfl p h a p ddi vdi TTTM nfldc ngoai tai Viet N a m cd gi khdc biet so vdi TTTM trong nfldc hay khdng, cd yeu cdu, dieu kien gi khac h a y Tda a n can lflu y nhflng gi khi thflc hien cac t h a m quyen ndy... deu chfla cd hfldng ddn rd rdng.
Thflc r a ne'u p h a p l u a t da sfla ddi each xac dinh t r p n g tdi trong nfldc h a y nfldc ngoai t h e o tieu chi duy n h a t la dia didm giai quye't t r a n h cha'p, thi quy dinh t a i k h o a n 5 Die"u 5 cua Nghi quyet 01/2014 f^e trd t h a n h "thfla" vi khi dd, t r p n g t a i nfldc ngodi co dia diem giai quyet t r a n h cha'p tai Viet N a m cung se dfldc xem la t r p n g tai t r o n g nfldc va Tda an dfldng n h i e n se cd cac t h a m quyen hd trd tfl p h a p trfldc va t r o n g q u a t r i n h to" t u n g t r p n g t a i . C h i n h vi vay. tac gia mpt ldn
nfla cho r d n g k h a i n i e m ve t r o n g tai t r o n g nfldc vd t r p n g t a i nfldc ngoai trong Lua T T T M va B L T T D S cdn phdi ^L"» *^'^'- T r o n g trfldng hdp k h d n g siia ddi thi T d a a n N h a n ddn Tdi cao ( T A N D i C ) can sdm c6 v a n b a n hfldng d d n eu t h e ve" t r i n h tfl, t h u tuc de giai q u y e t cac yeu cdu hd trd tfl p h a p ddi vdi T T T M nfldc ngoai t a i Viet N a m t h e o q u y d i n h tai k h o a n 5 D i e u 5 N g h i quye't 01/2014.
* Can hifdng dan cu the viec ap dung va giai thich cac quy dinh phap luat ve viec cong nhan va cho thi hanh Phan quyei trgng tai nddc ngoai Cho de'n n a y , tflc la s a u g a n hdn 25 n d m gia n h a p Cong fldc N e w York, Viet N a m v a n chfla cd mpt v a n b a n hfldng ddn mpt each cu t h e ve viec cdng n h a n va cho t h i h a n h P Q T T nfldc ngoai. Dieu n a y da vd t i n h tao r a sfl t u y n g h i va t i n h t h i e u thd'ng nha't t r o n g viec giai t h i c h vd a p d u n g cdc quy d i n h p h a p l u a t c u a cac Tda an Viet N a m lien q u a n d e n loai viec n a y .
Chinh vi vay, cdn sdm cd hfldng ddn viec dp d u n g va giai t h i c h cac quy d i n h cd lien q u a n , cu t h e ve" t r i n h tfl n o p ddn yeu cau xin cong n h a n va cho t h i h a n h P Q T T nfldc ngoai, ve c h u a n bi xet ddn y e u cdu, ve nguyen tdc xet ddn, ve cac c a n cfl de tfl chdi cdng n h a n va cho t h i h a n h P Q T T nfldc ngoai quy dinh t h e o B L T T D S 2015 mpt each chi tiet va rd r d n g hdn, dac bidt ddi vdi cac cdn cfl m a Tda an cdn gdp n h i e u l u n g t u n g va cd cdch a p d u n g chfla t h d n g nha't nhfl each xac dinh t h d n g bao kip thdi va hdp thfle va cdc nguyen tdc cd b a n cua p h a p l u a t Viet N a m . Hien n a y
Q N H A N L ^ KHOA HOC X A H O I
'*' Gary B. Bom, International Commercial Arbitr f Kluwer Law International (2009), doan 202ri.-2.T
SOB-Z020
NGUYEN THI THU TRANG TANDTC dang soan thao Nghi quye't
hfldng ddn mot sd quy dinh cua BLTTDS ve cdng nhSn va cho thi hanh PQTT nfldc ngoai'**, trong dd co nhieu quy dinh tien bd va phu hdp vdi quy dinh cua phap luat qudc te'. Hy vpng rdng Nghi quye't se sdm dfldc ban hanh va giup thay ddi nhiing khd khdn trong qua trinh giai quye't loai viec nay tai Viet Nam.
2. Cac giai phap n h a m p h a t t r i e n ngudn Iflc trong linh vflc ho t r d tfl phap cua Toa an do! vdfi Trong tai thflflng mai
Ben canh nhflng bd't cdp cua phap ludt, thflc tien thflc thi tham quyen hd trd tfl phap ciia Tda an Viet Nam ddi vdi TTTM cdn nhieu han che cdn dd each giai thich vk ap dung cua cac thdm phan - nhflng ngfldi trflc tie'p x6t xii vu viec chfla thflc sfl phii hdp, chinh xac. De khdc phuc nhflng han che dd, can ddi mdi tfl duy cua Tda dn theo hfldng iing hp TTTM, ddng thdi tap trung phat trien cac ngudn Iflc, khdng chi gidi ban d ngudn Iflc con ngfldi ma ca ngudn Iflc khac nhfl ve kinh te', khoa hpc - ky thuat - cdng nghe.
* Doi mdi td duy ve tham quyen ho trU td phap cua Toa an doi vdi trgng tai thddng mai
O Viet Nam, mdi quan he gifla Tda dn va Trpng tai chfla thflc sfl gdn ket. Trong khi dd, thai dp ciia Tda dn ddi vdi TTTM cd tac dpng trflc tie'p den ke't qua thflc hien tham quyen hd trd tfl phap eua Tda an trong vu viec dd. Vi vay, de nang cao chat Iflpng thflc thi thdm quye"n hd trp tfl phap ctia Tda an Viet Nam ddi vdi TTTM thi trfldc he't cdn thay ddi tfl duy cua Tda an Viet Nam ndi chung va tfl duy eiia cac tham phan giai quyet loai viec nay ndi
SO 0-2020
rieng. Tda an can phai nhan thflc rd rang rdng TTTM va Tda an la cac ddi tac trong mpt he thd'ng de dam bao cdng ly chfl khdng phai la ddi thu ciia nhau"*'. Tda an phai trd thanh ddi tae thi hanh dd hd trd to tung trpng tdi didn ra hieu qua hdn'''.
Tfl do, Tda an phai dam bao quyen ldi cua cdc ben va tranh bat ky sfl ton kdm hoac tri hoan ve mat thdi gian. Viee thay ddi tfl duy, thai dp ciia cac thdm phan va Tda an Viet Nam ddi vdi TTTM thi cbi cd the hien dfldc khi Tda an dflpc trang hi day dii cac kie'n thflc cdn thiet ve vai trd vd tdm quan trpng cua TTTM cung nhfl ve" thdm quyen hd trd tfl phap ciia Tda an ddi vdi TTTM.
* Nang cao nang lUc cua c&c tham phan trong viec thdc hien tham quyen ho trO td phap doi vdi Trgng tai thdcfng mai
Hien nay. trinh dp cua mot so' thdm phan Viet Nam cdn han che hoac chfla cd nhieu kinh nghiem'"'. Nhie"u Tda an cd'p tinh cdn lung tung khi giai quye't cac yeu edu lien quan den TTTM nhfl yeu cdu cong nhan va cho thi hanh phan quyet trpng tai nfldc ngodi, yeu cdu Tda an chi dinh trpng tdi vien trpng tai vu viec, yeu cdu Toa an
'•'" Tham khao tolin vfln Da thao Nghi quyet hudng d i n thi hanh mot so quy dinh cua BLTTDS v l ihu tyc cong nhan va cho thi hSnh tai Viet Nam phan quylt cua trong tai niidc ngoai tai Tda an cS'p sd t h i m tai:
https://vbpq.toaan.gov vn/wehcenter/portal/htvb/chi- tiet-vbdt?dDocName=TAND076705
'" J o h n Otieno Abwuor (2012). Eole of Courts m Arbitration: A critical analysis of the Kenya Arbitration Act -Vo 4 of 1995, The University of Nairobi. September 2012.
' ' M Kerr (1985). Arbitration and the Courts- The UNCITRAL Model Law. 34 Int'l & O m t r . L.Q. 1. tr. 2.
"" Tudng Duy LtKfng (2016), Binh lu&n BLTTDS. Lu$t trpng tai thuang mai va thUc tien x4t xU. Nxb Tu phap, tr. 6.
NHAN Lift KHOA HOC XA HOI Q
CAC GLM PHAP NANG CAO CHAT LL'ONG THt^C HIEN..
hd trd thu thap chflng cfl va trieu tap ngfldi lam chflng... M vay. can cd giai phap de nang cao ndng Iflc ciing nhfl kinh nghiem cua cdc thdm phan trong viec giai qu\et yeu cdu lien quan de'n hd trd tu phdp ddi vdi ca TTTM trong nfldc vd nfldc ngoai. De lam dfldc dieu nay. TANDTC va Bp Tfl phap can phdi hdp, chu tri cdc ldp tap hua'n, boi dfldng kien thflc, chuyen mdn nghiep vu va ngoai ngfl cho Tham phan. cdn bd phu trach ve linh vflc nay.
Hien nay cac td chflc nhfl Ngan hdng the gidi (IFC), USAid, AusAid, SIDA, MUTRAP... da tai trd kha nhieu dfl an de hd trd cai each tfl phdp d Viet Nam, thdng qua viec td chflc cac khda hpc cd chuyen gia qudc te' den giang day. dich cac sach - tdi lieu chuyen khao lien quan den van de nay. Vi vay. TANDTC va Bd Tfl phap can tan dung nhflng ngudn Iflc nhfl vay dd nang cao trinh dp cua cac tham phan, chuyen vien. Tfl dd tao nen mdt doi ngu thdm phan, chuyen vien chuyen trdch cd trinh dp vd kinh nghiem de giai quye't cac vu viec lien quan den hd trd tfl phap ddi vdi TTTM
Vipc ddo tao ngudn nhan Iflc co chuyen mdn va trinh dp cung can phai dfldc chu trpng ngay tfl bac dai hpc va ddi tfldng dao tao phai md rdng ra ca cac Iuat sfl, kiem sat vien, chuyen gia tham chi la cac doanh nghiep trong nfldc. De lam dfldc nhfl vay.
cdn chu trpng hdn nfla chfldng trinh giang day cua mdn TTTM d cac trfldng dao tao nganh luat tai N'iet Nam. td chflc cac khda hpc \e TTTM thfldng xuyen hdn nfla de nhflng ngfldi cd nhu cdu cd the tham gia.
Cac trfldng cd the mdi cac luat sfl. chuyen gia \e trpng tai tham gia giang day ciing dd chia se them kinh nghiem ve thflc tien,
Q NHAN LOC KHOA HOC XA Hftl
khuyen khich sinh vien, hpc vidn tham gia diln an TTTM nhfl W C. \"is. AAlA. - Hien nay cflng cd kha nhieu khda hpc ttao t;>o ngdn ban ve ki nang va kie'n thflc can thie't cho cac trpng tai vien. ludt sfl va chuyen gia v^ trpng tai cua cac to chflc trpng tai qudc te hang dau nhfl cae khoa hpc cua Vien trpng tai London (CIArb), Hpc vien trpng tai Paris (Arbitration Academy), Phong thfldng mai qud'c te (ICC)... Cac trung tam trpng tai, Phdng thfldng mai va edng nghiep Viet Nam hay Lien doan luat sfl hoan toan cd the chu dpng lien lac vdi cac trung tam nay de to chflc cac khda hpc ngdn ban do tai Viet Nam hoac cii ngfldi tham gia mpt sd khda hpc nay.
* Tang cddng dau td nguon Idc ve cd sd vat chai va cong nghe cho cac Toa an Viet Nam
Trong thdi dai cong nghe 4.0 nhfl hien nay, cdn tan dung khoa hpe ky thuat de xay dflng mot ed sd dfl lieu dien td bao gdm cac tai lieu tham khao, sach bao, dn Ie trong va ngoai nfldc lien quan den loai viec nay de ba't cfl ai cflng cd the truy cap va tim hieu. Day la each thflc ma kha nhieu qud'c gia va td chflc da thflc hien va dat dfldc hieu qua dang ke tren thflc te Tuy nhien, do cac trang thdng tin dien tfl dd hdu bet bdng tie'ng nudc ngoai nen cdn chfla phd bien d Viet Nam va cac Tda an, tham phan Viet Nam rd't khd tiep can. Vi vay can ddu tfl va phat trien phat trien hdn nfla nhflng cd sd dfl lieu dien tfl nay, vi du nhfl trang thdng tin ehinh thflc ciia Trung tam trong tai qudc te' Viet Nam - VIAC hay cdng thdng tin dien tfl cua TANDTC tai dia chi https://anle.toaan.gov vn
S(i 0-2020
NGLYEN THI THU TR.\NG http://congbobanan.toaan.gov.vn. Neu cd
the ket hdp hodc xay dflng mot cd sd dfl li^u dien td rieng ddi vdi cac phan quyet trong tai, cae quyet dinh cua Tda an lien quan de'n boat ddng trpng tai trong nfldc va ngoai nfldc thi day se Id ngudn tham khao quy gia ddi vdi nganh Tda an ndi rieng vd ngfldi dan ndi chung.
3. Cac giai phap ve cd che phoi hflp, hpip tac de thflc thi t h a m quyen ho trc^
tfl phap cua Toa an Viet Nam doi vdi Trong tai thflrfng mai
* Dam bao ccf che' phoi hdP hieu qua gida Bg Td phap va Toa an trong viic thvfc thi tham quyen ho trO td phap doi vdi trgng tai thda/ngmai
Theo quy dinh ciia BLTTDS hien hanh, Tda an cd tham quyen giai quye't cac yeu can lien quan de'n TTTM trong nfldc va nfldc ngodi edn Bp Tfl phap chiu trach nhiem thflc hien quan ly nha nfldc ve trpng tai. Do dd, Bp Tfl phap va TANDTC cdn cd cd che phdi hdp hieu qua va chat che hdn nOa trong viec giai quye't cac yeu cdu hd trd tu phap ddi vdi TTTM. Vi du, lien quan den
\iec chi dinh trpng tai vien trpng tai vu viec.
Bp Tfl phap cd the cung cd'p them thdng tin ve trinh dp, chuyen mon ciia cdc trpng tai vien de Tda an ed the dd ddng hdn trong viec tim va chi dinh trpng tai vien thich hdp.
Hay lien quan de'n viec hd trd thi hanh PQTT nfldc ngoai tai Viet Nam, Tda an va Bd Tfl phap can cd eac hfldng dan thd'ng nha't ve cd quan nao se tie'p nhan hd sd >eu cdu cong nhan va cho thi hanh PQTT cua nhiing quoc gia nao, cac yen cdu ve hinh thflc, sd Ifldng va loai tai heu ma ben yeu cdu can phai nop... dd tranh phat sinh them nhflng yeu cau, dieu kien khac khdng phfl hdp vdi phap luat cflng nhfl quy dinh cua
Sdi 6-2020
cac die"u fldc qudc te ma Viet Nam da tham gia. Ben canh dd, edn thfldng xuyen td chflc eac hpi thao Hen nganh, tap hua'n gifla Bd Tfl phap, Tda an, Cd quan thi hanh an dan sfl, cac trung tam trpng tai ve thflc tien ap dung phap luat ve thdm quyen hd trd tfl phap cua Tda an ddi vdi TTTM de rut kinh nghiem va tim ra giai phap ddi vdi nhiing khd khdn, vfldng mdc ma cac Tda an thfldng gap phai khi giai quye't loai viec nay
* Xay ddng cd che giam sat hihi bieu ddi vdi viec giai quyet cac yeu cau lien quan de'n ho trd tif phap trgng tai thifcfng mai tai cac Toa an dia ph dcfng
Thflc te cho tha'y nhieu Tda an cd'p dia phfldng gap khd khan, lung tflng khi giai quyet cac \-u viec lien quan den hd trd tfl phap ddi vdi TTTM. do do, cdn cd cd che de tang cfldng quan Iy va giam sat viec xet xU tai cac Tda an cap dia phfldng. Die"u nay cd the thflc hien thdng qua viec yeu cau Tda an cd'p sd tham cd bao cao npi bp hdng nam ve" ket qua giai quyet cac vu viec lien quan de'n hd trd tfl phdp ddi v6i TTTM ca trong nfldc va nfldc ngoai cho TANDTC.
Tfl dd se giup cho viec gidm sat, quan ly nay cua TANDTC didn ra mot each lien tuc va thfldng xuyen va cd the dd dang ndm bat dfldc nhflng khd khdn va bd't cap trong boat dpng xet xfl tai cac Tda an dia phfldng. Nhfl vay TANDTC cung se cd the kip thdi dfla ra nhflng chi dao, hfldng ddn phfl hdp va dung ddn.
* Tang cddng hdp tac gida Bg TU phap, Toa an Viet Nam vdi cac ccf quan dai dien cua Viet Nam dnddc ngoai
Trong qua trinh giai quye't cac yeu cdu hd trd tfl phap ddi vdi TTTM, ddc biet la TTTM nfldc ngoai nhfl yeu cdu cong nhan
NHAN LUC KHOA HOC XA Hdi Q
CAC GLM PHAP NANc; CAO CHAT LUONG THl^C HIEN..
va cho thi h a n h P Q T T nfldc ngoai thi Toa an se cd t h e phai ap d u n g p h a p Iuat nfldc ngo&i khi giai quyet cac vu viec nay. T r o n g trfldng hdp dd, theo quy dinh tai Dieu 481 BLTTDS 2015, Tda a n ed thd yeu cau Bp Tfl p h a p . Bd .Ngnai giao, cd q u a n dai dien cua Viet Nam d nfldc ngodi hoac t h d n g q u a Bp Xgoai giao de n g h i cd q u a n dai dien ngoai giao eiia nfldc ngoai tai Viet N a m cung cap p h a p l u a t nfldc ngoai. Tuy nhien, hien nay vdn chfla co hfldng d a n cu t h e ve each thfle eung cd'p ciing nhfl cd che phdi hdp gifla cac cd q u a n nay t r o n g trfldng hdp dfldc Tda an yeu cdu. Trong khi dd, day la mdt vd'n de p h a p ly phflc t a p vi npi d u n g p h a p l u a t nfldc ngoai khdng chi ddn t h u d n ndm d quy dinh p h a p l u a t ma cdn ca thflc tien an Ie ap d u n g (ddc biet d cac nfldc theo he thdng thdng luat - common law).
Do vay. TANDTC cung cac bp. ngdnh cd lien q u a n can sdm b a n h a n h thdng tfl h e n tich hfldng ddn ve" die"u khoan ndy de t r a n h tinh t r a n g m a t nhieu thdi gian dd cung cap p h a p l u a t nfldc ngoai hoac cung cap ndi dung khdng chinh xac eho Tda an khi can thiet.
• Tiing cddng hcfp tac quoc te gida Viol Nam v&i cdc nUdc khac ve tham quyen ho trcf tU phap cua Tda an doi vdi trgng tai thdcfng mai
Lien q u a n den van de bdp tac qudc te.
\ i e t Nam ndm trong k h u \-\ic C h a u A - Thai Binh Dfldng vdi qudc gia xay dflng luat trpng tai cua minh t r e n Luat Mdu UNCITRAL. ddng thdi day eung la k h u vUc cd n h u cdu sii d u n g dich v u trpng tdi ngay c a n g tang'^' do he q u a cua viec tAng cfldng ddu tfl va cac boat ddng thfldng mai. Khdng chi vay, Viet Nam cung r a t gdn gui vdi h a i q u o ; gia cd nen trpng tai
Q NHAN LVC KHOA HOC XA Hdi
p h a t tridn va dfldc xem Id " t h a n thien vdi t r p n g tai" la Singapore va Hdni: Kong.
C h i n h vi vay. viec giao lflu hoc hdi k i n h n g h i e m cua cac qudc gia nay trong viec thflc thi t h d m q u y e n hd trd tfl p h a p ddi v6i T T T M ca t r o n g nfldc va nfldc ngoai la dieu cdn thie't.
Ke't l u a n
Rd r a n g k h d n g thd d a n h gid tha'p t d m q u a n t r p n g eua t h d m q u y e n hd trd tfl p h a p eiia Tda a n doi vdi sfl p h a t t r i e n va ldn m a n h ciia TTTM t r o n g nfldc c u n g nhfl qud'c te. Mdi q u a n h e gifla Tda a n va t r p n g tai cflng ddn dfldc cai t h i e n t h e o hfldng ho trd va u n g hp ldn n h a u . Do vay, p h a p ludt va thflc tidn xet xii cac nfldc ve t h d m quyen tfl p h a p ciia Tda a n doi vdi TTTM cung dfldc t h a y doi d a n de hd t r d tdi da boat dpng t r p n g tdi, ca t r p n g tai t r o n g nfldc va t r p n g t a i qud'c te'.
Vi le dd, de n a n g cao chd't Ifldng thflc t h i t h d m q u y e n ho trd tfl p h a p eiia Tda a n Viet N a m ddi vdi T T T M t r o n g nfldc va nfldc ngoai, Viet N a m cdn cd nhflng dinh hfldng va c h i n h sach d u n g ddn de h o a n t h i e n p h a p l u a t , p h a t t r i e n n g u d n Iflc ca ve" con ngfldi va cd sd v a t cha't, k h o a hpe ky t h u a t , ddng thdi x a y dflng cac cd che giam s a t , hdp tac va phdi h d p gifla cac ed q u a n t r o n g nfldc va nfldc ngoai de d a m
'•" Sundaresh M.-non Bo trudng Bo T u phap Singapore, Blii phat bieu ve tinh hinh phat tri^n trong tki trong khu vUc tai Hdi thao ICCA nSm 2010, http://www.arbitration-1cca.0rg/med1a/O/
13398435632250/ags_opening_8peech_icca coneress 2 012.pdf - s _ Rimsky^Vuen, Bo trudng Bg Tu phap Hong Kong Phat bieu ve chinh sach phat tntin dich vy tro th' khu vi^c Chau A tai TuAn i l Trong tai Hong Kong na ' 2013 tai: http://www,do, gov hk/c-ng/puWw
pdfy201.3/8i20131021eLpdf s-Puniic/
Sti 6-2020
NGL-^-E.V THI THU TR.\XG bao .-^u phat trien ben viing cua nen trong
tii tai Viet Nam, dap 6ng nhu cau giai quyet tranh chS'p thUdng mai trong thdi ky hpi nhap.
TAI LIEU THAM KHAO 1. Bg lukt To tung dan s\l Viet Nam nim 2015.
2. Cong U6c New York nam 1958 ve Cong nhan va cho thi hanh phan quyet cua trong tai niidc ngoai.
3. Gary B. Born, International Commercial Arbitration, Kluwer Law International (2009).
4. John Otieno Abwuor (2012), Role of Courts in Arbitration: A critical analysis of the Kenya Arbitration Act No. 4 of 1995, The University of Nairobi, September 2012.
5. Luat Miu ve Trong tai thUdng mai quoc te ciia Uy ban Lien Hiep Quoc ve Lufit thudng mai quoc t§' nam 1985 dUdc siia doi va thong qua nam 2006.
6. Lu$t Trpng tai thuang mai Viet Nam nim 2010.
7. TuSng Duy Luang (2016), Binh luan BLTTDS, Luat trgng tai thuang mai va thuc tiin xet xu", Nxb. Tu phap.
8. M. Kerr (1985), Arbitration and the Courts: The UNCITRAL Model Law. 34 Int'l & Comtr. L.Q.I.
a Nghi quyet 01/2014/NQ-HDTP ngay 20/03/2014 cua Hoi dong tham phan Toa an nhan dan toi cao hUdng din thi hanh mgt so quy dinh cua Luat trgng tai thuang mai.
10. Nhom Ngan hang The gidi (WBG) (2015), Mgt sovSh de chinh sach lien quan
de'n Trgng tii va Hda giai thinh trong Du thao BLTTDS sua doi ban ngay 10/04/2015, Tai lieu giii Quoc hoi va TANDTC do nhom chuyen gia cao cap ve Phap Iuat Trong tai va Hoa giai. khoi Tai chinh thi trudng ciia Nhom Ngan hang The gidi (WBG) soan thiio, Thang 5/2015.
11. Rimsky Yuen (2013), Bo trudng Bo Tu phap Hong Kong, Phat bieu ve chinh sach phat trien dich vu trgng tin khu vi/c Chau A tai Tuan Ii Trgng tai Hong Kong nim 2013 tai:
http://www.doj.gov.hkyeng/pubhc/pdf72013/
sj20131021el.pdf
12. Sundaresh Menon (2010), Bo trudng Bo Tu phap Singapore, Bai phat bieu ve tinh hinh phat trien trgng tai trong khu vUc tai Hgi thao ICCA nim 2010,http://www.arbitration-
icca.org/media/0/13398435632250/ags_ope ning_speech_icca_congress_2012.pdf
13. Toan vkn du thao Luat bien phap khan cap tam thdi trUdc khi khdi kien co the xem tai:http;//duthaoonIine.quochoi.vn/DuThao /Lists/DT_DUTHAO_LUAT/View_DetaiI.a spx?ItemID=1330
14. Toan van Du thao Nghi quyet hudng dan thi hanh mpt so quy dinh cua BLTTDS ve thu tuc cong nhan v& cho thi hanh tai Viet Nam phan quyet cua trpng tai nUdc ngoai tai Toa an ca'p sd tham tai:https://vbpq.toaan.gov.vn/webcenter/po rtal/htvb/chi-tiet-
vbdt?dDocName=TAND076705
15. UNCTAD, Module 5.1.
International Commercial Arbitration, tham khao tai https;//unctad.Grg/eny Docs/edmmisc232add38_en.pdf
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