press-mud lo bio tertilizer. Fitleen different microorganisms were isolated from 20 collected samp,. ' ''''' ''"'•' field or sugarcane field in Thanh Hoa, Nghe An. Ha Tinh pro\ince. Among 15 isolated niieroorgani-'-is ih<r'- wf"''-' five backria strains and 10 actinomyces strains X VT)T3 strain and X-\'DT6 strain showed the hiciu^i .ellnl^'-'e' degradation wiUi a diameter of the degrade zone of 29 - 30 mm. respecii\eK [he press-mud after 2-^ d.i^-""i''''*^''^
with these strains was determined as standard biofertilizers. X-\'DT3 and X-\'DT6 were idenliheJ a^ s.'Ji/'fc""'"^'*"
phaeoluteigriseus and Streptomyces matensis, they are potential strains for press-mud treatment.
Keywords: Press-mud. cellulose, biofertilizer. microorganisms, actinomyces
Ngay nhan bii: 16/12/2019 Ngfldi phan bi^n: TS. Pham Ngoe Tuan Ngay phan bien: 12/01/2020 Ngay duy^t dang: 13/01/2020
Bl/dC DAU C N G D U N G TAO B A M XU* LY NUC)C THAI SINH HOAT VA NUCfC THAI CHAN NUOI
Do Phuong Chi'. Dinh Tien Dung', Vii Pham Thai', Ni;u\ en Thj Thu Hi'' T C M TAT
Sfl dung nuoe thai sinh hoat va nUde thai chan nudi (d nhiem hflu cd. dp due, dinh dUdng va vi sinh vat) de t^o mang tao bam va budc dau Ung dung xfl ly. Tao bim bd sung phat trien tren vat lieu lpc dang hat nhfla nhanh nhat, sau dd den dat sci nung, xd dfla va cuoi cung la sdi va da cupi, trong dd mat dp dat den khoing 18 x 23'' TB/cm^ vio ngiy thfl 9 - 12 va dn djnh den ngay thfl 21. Cic ehi thich hpp vdi dieu kien xfl ly nUdc thai la Cyclotella, Navicula.
Nit:schia (tao eat). pAigtena (lao mat), Closteriiini. Pediastrum. Ulothrix (lio luc) vi Aphanothece (lio lam). Sfl dyng mang tao da hinh thinh de xfl ly nUde thii cho kel qua dat quy chuan sau 3 ngiy ddi vdi nUde thai sinh hoat va 05 ngay ddi voi nudc thii chan nuoi. Hieu qua xfl ly phan Idn cac thdng sd hflu cd vi dinh dUdng deu dat tren 65%
ddi vdi tat ci eae eong thflc thi nghiem dae biet dat tren 80% ddi vdi N va P; tren 94% ddi vdi coliform.
Tfl khda: Nifdc thai giau N va P, tao bam, vat lieu loc, xfl ly nUdc thii
I. DAT VAN DE d dat can va dat ngap nfldc. Viec flng dung tao vao Nfldc thai giau Nitu va Photpho khdng chi la ^^ 'Y "A'^'^ thai khdng qua mdi me nhflng cd tiem mpt trong nhflng van de mdi trUdng cua Viet Nam nang Ung dung rdng rai tren nhieu dieu kien sinh hi?n nay ma cdn la van de quan trpng nhat trong cac '^hdi khic nhau (Nguyen Van Tuyen, 2003) bao gom hien tUpng d nhiem mdi trUdng d ndng thdn - npi ^^ dang sdng Id [flng va bam dinh. Neu dang sdng Ip chiem tdi tren 70"o din sd ca nUdc (Bp Tai nguyen fi^ig cua tao dem lai hieu qua kha cao do toe dp sinh vaMdi lrUdng,2014).Chungdentflcic ngudn nUdc trfldng nhanh (Nguyen Thi Thu Ha vi ctv, 2016) thii sinh boat, chin nudi, ling nghe che bien Iflong thi viec sfl dung tao bam se dem lai lpi ich cao hpn thflc, thUc pham va nUdc chiy Iran qua khu vUc san do de thu hdi sinh khdi trong va sau qui trinh xfl ly xuat ndng nghiep. Neu nhU cac ngudn thai khac cd "At"^ thai (Azim et al, 2005; Wu, 2017). Tuy nhien, the tien hinh kiem soil irong qua trinh sin xuat de sinh trfldng cua tio bim phu thudc chat che vao giam phit thai dinh dfldng (vi dp han che va thay ddi q^i^n xa goc ban dau va vat chat nen (Horner et al, phfldng ihflc sfl dung phin bdn, dem lot sinh hpc 1990). Vi vay de bfldc dau flng dung tio bim trong trong chin nudi). tbi nfldc thai smh boat chi cd the ^^ 'y nUde thai sinh hoat vi chan nudi, trong nghien tien hanh kiem soit cudi ngudn. cflu nay thfl nghiem kha nang sinh trudng cua tao
Khac vdi cac cong nghe hda ly. bii Ipc irong ciy ^^"^ ^^^"^ ""^"^"S ^^t 'i^" ^"^ 'V ^^^^ "hau.
gan day dflpc bie den hfl mpt giii phap cdng nghe ~ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ , sinh thil xfl Iv nUPc thai trong dieu kien tfl nhien dat " ' " i t N cuU hi?uquacao, than thien vdi mdi trudng, ehi phi thap 2.1. Vat Heu nghien cflu
vidn dinh (Ngu\en Viet Anh. 2005), cd the ap dung - Vat lieu lpc sfl dung: sdi, da CLI(]I J^, .-.
'Trung tam Phin tich va Chu\en giao cdng nghe moi trUdng. Vien Mdi trUdng Ndng nghi?p ~—
- Bp mdn Cdng nghe Moi trUdng. Khoa Mdi irUong, Hoc vien Ndng nghi?p \'ici Nam
•"-'g nghiep Viel Nan) - So ' V 2020 hfl lpc nhUa, xd dfla xfl ly tay m a u . Tat ca cac vat h e u
sfl d p n g lo?i san p h a m thUPng mai t r o n g lpc nfldc, gia the trdng c a y
\'at Ii?u n g h i e n cflu dflpc d a n h gia dfldng k i n h , khdi l u p n g rieng va dien tich b e m a t tfldng ddi b a n g cic phep d o v i t Iy t h d n g t h u d n g t h d n g q u a kich thfldc(thfldc kep) va khdi Ifldng ( c i n k y t h u a t ) . D i e n lich be mat tfldng doi dfldc l i n h dfla vao c d n g thflc tinh di?n tich b i n h cau (ddi vdi sdi, d a c u d i , dat set nung). hinh tru (doi vdi xP dfla, Ifldi nhfla) va t h e o cdng bd cfla n h i s i n xuat ddi vdi hat loc nhfla. C i n cfl dien tich b e m a t ngoai tfldng ddi, lay khdi Ifldng vii heu de tdng di?n tich be m a t tfldng ddi c u a v i t lieu trong m p t khay tbi n g h i e m dat 0,03 m - / k h a y thi nghi?m, d d n g thdi vat lieu t r o n g k h a y k h d n g vflpt qua 2 - 3 ldp vat li?u. D o d o , khoi l u p n g v i t lieu sfl dyng khac n h a u ddi vdi cac vat li?u: sdi, d i cudi v i dat set n u n g sfl d u n g tfl 280 d e n 400 g, hat lpc nhfla v i ludi loc nhUa l i 8 - 20 g a m v i xP dfla l i 4 g a m (Bang 1).
B i n g 1, Mpt so d i e linh vat ly cua vat lieu sfl dung trong nghien cflu
Khdi Dien tich Khoi l u p n g be m a t lUdng rieng rieng sfl d u n g / 1 (kg/m^) (mVkg) khay(g) Vat li?u
Dfldng kinh (mm) Soi
Da cupi H?t lpc nhfl;
Ludi nhfla Dal set nung 1 0 - 1 2 Xd dUa 0,35
5- 10 15- 17 il- 12 0,40
2300 2700 560 110 1300 75
0,108 0,078 1,466 3,665 0,098 7,962
280 400 20 8,0 300 4,0 - Doi t u p n g n g h i e n cflu:
+ Tao b a m tfl n h i e n t h u hoi tai c i c h o , k e n h mUPng n h i n t h i i .
-f Nfldc thai sinh boat dfldc lay tfl h d ga tap t r u n g cua cum d i n cU xa Cd Bi, huyen Gia Lam, Ha Ndi (bao gom nfldc thai sau b e p h d t ) .
+ Nfldc thai c h i n nudi dflpc lay sau biogas c u a tr^i chan nudi 25 con Idn gidng.
2.2. Phfltfng p h a p n g h i e n cflu
2.2.1. PhUdngphdp ddnh gid chdt lUdng nUdc MJii nfldc tat ca cac hd n g h i e n cflu dfldc t h u thip b i n g phflpng p h a p lay m a u h o n h p p t h e o thdi gian, c i n cfl hfldng d a n cfla T C V N 6 6 6 3 : 2011 (ISO 5667: 2006 - p h a n 1, p h a n 3 v i p h a n 6). D a n h gia chat lflpng nfldc sfl d u n g Q C V N 14:2008/
iM'NMT va Q C V N 6 2 - M T : 2 0 I 6 / B T N T M c h o c i c
t h d n g sd p H , TSS, B O D , C O D , N v i P tdng sd. P O / . NH^", N O Pb, Cu, Z n v i coliform t h e o e i e phfldng p h i p t h e o tieu c h u a n hien h i n h .
2.2.2. PhUdngphdp botrivd theo ddi thi nghiem a) Thi nghiem I. Ddnh gid hieu qud tao mdng periphyton tren cdc viu heu loc
Sfl d u n g cac khay nhUa trong (13 )• 23 >• S c m ) chfla v i t h e u Ipc k h i c n h a u vdi dien tich be m i t rieng tUPng d u p n g n h a u n g a m trong h d n h p p nUdc thai va d u n g dich chUa tao b a m (thu tren be mat la sen, sflng, b e o cai, v i t lieu trdi ndi k h i c tai cac kenh m U d n g n h a n nfldc thai sinh boat va c h a n nudi tren dia b i n huyen Gia Lam) vdi ty le lan Iflpt la 80 va 2 0 % ve the tich. Sd Ifldng khay thi nghiem: 2 loai nfldc thai x (5 c d n g thflc -t-1 ddi chflng) x 3 lan l^p lai = 36 khay.
T h e o ddi t h a n h p h a n va mat d d tao b a n g b u d n g d e m p l a n k t o n t r e n vat k i n h lOx - 40x theo k h d a d i n h loai cua N g u \ en Van Tuyen (2003); Dfldng Diic Tien va Vd H a n h (1997) vdi tan suat 1 - 2 l a n / t u a n d e n khi m i n g t a o q u a n sat dfldc b a n g m a t thfldng.
b) Thi nghiem 2. Ddnh gid hieu qud xd ly niidc thdi cua mdng sinh hgc lao thdnh
Loai b d d u n g dich nudi m a n g , bd sung nfldc thai sinh h o a t va c h i n nudi sau Ot ngay lang tfl n h i e n v i o c i c c d n g thflc thi n g h i e m , theo ddi cac i h d n g so chat Iflpng nfldc q u a n trpng... d i n h ky b i n g cac phfldng p h a p p h a n lich hien h a n h . Hieu q u a xU ly nfldc thai dflpc t i n h tren c i c t h d n g so m d i trfldng da n e u ( p h a n 2.2.1) vdi c i c tieu ehi sau:
C - C Hieu s u i t xfl ly (%): H - " ' « 100%
Trong do: C : nong do ddu vdo (mg/l): C/. nong do ddu ra (mg/l).
2 . 3 . T h d i g i a n va d i a d i e m n g h i e n cflu Nghien cflu dfldc thflc hien tfl t h i n g 3 den t h i n g 6 n i m 2019 lai Trung t i m Phan tich v i Chuyen giao cdng nghe mdi tnfdng, Vien Mdi trfldng Ndng nghiep.
III. KET QUA VA THAO LUAN
3 . 1 . D a c d i e m c u a nfldc t h a i trUdc k h i xfl ly va mflc d p h i n h t h a n h t a o b a m t r e n vat lieu
T i e n h a n h lay m a u nfldc thai sinh hoat va nUdc thai c h i n nudi tai cac c d n g thai t i p t r u n g vao thdi d i e m p h i t sinh nUdc thai Idn nhat, cac t h d n g sd m d i trfldng p h d bien dfldc p h a n tich tai tflng lan lay m a u , m d t sd t h d n g sd nhfl k i m loai n a n g va vi sinh vat dfldc p h a n tich t r o n g m a u h d n h d p , ket q u i d u p c t r i n h bay t r o n g b a n g 2.
•'^ • ^ne Ndng nghiep Viet Nam Sd 'JO)..\JO
Bang 2. Dae diem chat lUpng nUoc thii trUdc khi xu ly Thdng so
pH BOD, COD TSS Tong N N-NH^ + N-NO,- Ttiiig P P-PO/
Cu Pb Zn Colilorm
Ghi chu' "KPH" Gid In nhd han nhudng phdi hien cua Ihicl hi ilii.
D o n . i
mg/l mg/l mg/l mg'l m p i mg/l mg/l mg/l mg/l mg/l mg/l MPN/lOOmI
Niltfc thai sinh hoat Ketqud
7.45-8,11 6 - 123 120 - 240 140- 170 6 7 - 9 5 33 - 39 0,09 - 0,15 20.1 27.1 3,9 - 4.8 1,006 0,002 1.241 14.600
J4 QCVS 2 0 0 8 ' B 7 . \ M i r
5 - 9 50
100
10 50
10
5,000
N u o Ket tjud 4.35 • 6.".':
if.0 - 670 7 1 0 - 6 2 0 0 440 • 5.'iU 9 4 - 175 14 - 3 6 6.7 - 9.5 IS." 42.5 S." - 15,S 0,873 KPH 0,653 48.000
t h i i chan 20
nu6i
\ S 02:^11 6 B ( \ M / 5.5 - 9
100 .300 1-50 150
5.000
Nhu \ay, nUdc thii sinh boat cd ham lflpng amoni, N va P long sd rat cao, ngoai ra cdn hi d nhiem bdi hflu cd, chat rin lo Iflng va vi sinh vat Nfldc thai chan nudi d nhiem ning bdi hflu cd, vi sinh vit, ngoii ra cdn d nhiem bdi N va P d ea d^ng
• — ^ D J ciiot —*— H j l n l i i r
boa tan va dang tdng sd, mpt sd thdi diem cd pH thap. Ndng dp cua cae thdng sd d nhiem vfldt QCVN 62-MT:2016 tUdng flng tfl vii lan den gan 10 lan. cd phii hi^n thay kim loai nang irong nUdc thai sinh ho^t (Cu, Pb, En) vi nUdc thii chin nudi (Cu va Zn).
' Dill SCI iiiinj; • X a dim
-8 i
Ngay ihco dai Hinh I. Dien bien smh trUdng eua tio bim tren cac vit lieu Ipc vdi nUdc thii chan nudi Sfl dung 80% the tich nfldc thii chin nudi va sinh
boat tren vit lieu lpc vpi 20°o dung dich mim tao ban dau, tien binh do dae mat dp tao sinh trUdng tren vit lieu vdi tan suit 3 ngiy/lan cho ket qua nhfl hinh I. Trong man ddi chflng, tao bam phit trien tren thinh khay khi nhieu cho den mat dp tfl 2 » 10" TB/cnr den 8 " 10" TB/cm- thi cham lai (sau 6 • 9 ngav) trong dd d nfldc thai chin nudi nhanh hdn so vdi nUPc thai sinh boat. Quy luit tUPng tU
xiy ra tren cac vit lieu lpc, tuy nhien mat dp Idn nhat tren vit lieu tim thay d ngay thfl 9 - 12, mat dp tio tfl 12 X IC TB/cm^ den 23 « 10*^ TB/cm' (Hinh 1).
0 tat ci cac cdng thflc, sau ngay thfl 12 bit dau cd hien Iflpng bong mang khi thay nUdc, tuy nhien mil do tio khdng giim cho den ngay thfl 21 cho thay tdc dp sinh sin va hinh thanh mang xap xi tdc dp bong mang.
ngh.ep Vie! Nam - So /(1 W)/2020 Tdc dp sinh trfldng cua mang tio tren cic vii lieu Tuy nhien. do die diem vit ly vi hda hpc cua cic vit lpc khdng gidng nhau, trong quy md thi nghiem. hat lieu khic nhau nen mat dd va tdc dp sinh trudng cfla nhfla. sau dd li dat set nung va xd dfla thich hdp vdi tio khdng phai la can cfl duy nhat khing dinh tiem sfl phat tren cua tio hdn so vdi cae vit Ueu cdn lai. nang cua vat lieu trong xfl ly nfldc thai.
Bing 3. Thinh phan tao bd sung va mang tio hinh thinh tren cac vat lieu lpc Ty Ie trung binh (%)"'
rr
1
'
3 4 5 6 7 S 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 Ung
Chi
Amphipleura Cyclotella Eunotia Melosira Mastogloia Navicula Neidium Nil/scliia Pinnularia Stauroneis Syiiedra Euglena Phacus Vrcealus Ankislrodesmus Bulbochaete CUorella Coelaslrum Cosmarium Closterium Desmatractuni Dicholomoslphon Fiyaloraphidium Kirchtieriella Pediastrum Pleurotaenium Scenedesmiis Spirogyra Tetraedron Xanlhiditim Ulothrix Aphanothece Merismopedia Osclllatoria sdchi
Ban ddu 1,55 5.85 3,63 2,1 1,03 15,28 0,39 9,28 3,485 4.96 1.48 3,93 8,85 0,17 1,16 1,135 3,29 1,03 3,81 6,44 0,05 1,05 0,325 0,88 3,99 0,615 4,77 0,49 0,23 0,23 2,725 1,35 1,245 3,2 34
. \ T sinh boat
3,10 12,45 4,06 2,64 0 18,50 0,78 16,28 4,76 5,71 0 0 8,40 0 2,32 0,51 1,08 2,06 2,42 5,65 0 0,73 0,65 0 0 0 5,78 0 0,26 0 0 0 1,32 0,54 22
ST chdn nudi
0 4.47 3.20 1.56 0 15,32 0 6,38 2,21 4,21 2,96 7.86 9,30 0,34 0 1,76 5,50 0 5,27 7,23 0 1,37 0 0 7,98 0 3,76 0 0 0 5,45 2,70 1,17 0 21
Sdi
X
X X
X
X
X X
X
X
X
X
X X
i 3 Dd cuoi
\
X
X X
X
X
X
X X
X
X X
12
Su xuat hien tren tflng vit lieu'-' Hat Ludi Ddt set Xd nhUa nhUa nung dUa
Ghi chii: "' Ty le linh trim mdt do trung binh cda tdo bdm trong cdc cong thUc thi nghiim:'" Chi tdo co xudt hien trong it nhdt mot thdi diem Idy mdu.
ij_ipchiKnoa^-o: Cii^a ngne Ndng r.gn,ep Viet Nam • Sd Vdi cac quan the ban dau gdm 34 chi tio trong dd tao luc da dang nhat chiem 16 chi va tao cat phong phu nhat vdi 11 chi nhUng cbiem tdi 49%
\e ty Ie, sau khi tiep xuc vdi nUdc thai trong vdng 21 ngay. khdng chi mat do ma ihanh phin tio cung cd sU thay ddi ding ke. Sau 21 ngay. chi cdn 21 - 22 chi sinh trUdng vi phit trien dflpc trong dieu kien 80% nfldc thai tuy nhien thanh phan khdng gidng nhau ddi vdi nfldc thai sinh hoat va nfldc thai chin nudi (Bang 3). Cic chi thich hdp vdi dieu kien xfl ly nfldc thil chin nudi vi sinh boat vi Amphipleura.
Cyclotella. Navicula. Silzschia (tio cit), Euglena
(tao mit), Closterium, Pediastrum. Chlhnx (tao flO ra Aphanothece (tio lam). Kel qui nav co the lam cin cfl lfla chpn cac quan the tao go^ uone. \u y nfldc thil sfl dung lpc sinh hpc tu dudiiL: Khong ai su khac biet ve sd lUpng chi sinh trfldng lot iren eac vat b?u lpc khic nhau nhung thanh phin tao sinh trudng dupc tren tflng vii liC'u lpc khdng gidng nhau (bang 3). ket qua nav eo the su dun^ hmi can efl Ifla chpn quan xa tao go. irong xfl lv niu-e thai sU dung loc sinh hpc lfl dfldng.
3.2. Hieu qua xfl U nude thii cfla ming sinh hpc tao tren vit lieu lpc
Bing4. Chil luong nUdc thai xfl ly vdi thdi gian luu 5 iig.n lai cic eong thflc thi nghiem Thong so
,V(/iJ. lliiii pH BOD, C O D TSS Tong N N - N H , -
\ NO IV.ns P P P O / Cu Pb Zn Coliform
NUdc lliiii
pH BOD, C O D TSS T o n g N N - N H , N - N O - T d n g P p - p o ; Cu Pb Zn Coliform
D o ^ ^ i mh hoai
mg/l tng.i mg/l mg/l mg/l mg/l mg/l mg/l mg/l mg/l mg/l .\1P- N/100ml hdn nudi
mg/l mg/l mg/l mg/l mg'l rag/1 mg/l mg/l mg/l rag/1 mg/l MP- N/lOOntl
T n t o c xijlly
",S 88 180 150 92 36 0.1 24 4.210 1.006 0.002 1.241 14.600
5.2 530 S"(l 510 132 18 9.2 34.2 12.3 0.873 KPH 0,653 48.000
Ddi ch ung
6.92 76' 124- 132' 77.19 12.391 0,213 1.3,71 2,381 II.S92 KPH 1.206 10.200
5.33 410,2' 620"
242,8' 72.59 11.452 2.066 16,67 6,717 0,774 KPH 0,529 17.500
Sau xijl lv Dijr set
nung 6,55 lyl.
44"
41'' 9,92 0,217 0,314 4,98 0,149 0,188 KPH 0,488 190
5,70 88,7'' 124'' 54,4'' 29,82 1,596 5,030 1.96 0.211 0.163 KPH 0,257 3.100
Hal nhua 6.62 25- 40- 45'' 8.57 0.126 0.312 4.27 0.106 1.010 KPH 1.112 350
5.75 65.3' 116' 6 3 ' 22,27 0.445 2.865 1,44 0,155 0,855 KPH 0,585 4.200
LUdi nhua
6.59 27'«
40' 41"
8.25 0.102 0,213 4,13 0,118 0,722 KPH 0,817 310
5,72 54,1' 120"
65,8"
25,91 0,283 1,593 1.16 0.123 0,627 KPH 0,430 3.200
Q C V N 14:2008/B
T N M T
5 - 9 50 100 10 50
10
5000 QCVN 62-MT.20lfi/
BTNMT 5,5-9 100 300 150 150
5 DUO
Ghi chil- Vie hien gid In BOD, COD. TSS giUa cdc cong thUc sai khdc cd y nghia vdi a = 0.05.
-hi Khoa noc Cong ngne \ong nghiep VieJ Nor Sau 21 ngay tao mang nhan thay boat ddng eua
ming tfldng ddi dn dinh vi phfl hpp vdi nUdc thai, ti^n hanh bd sung tfldng flng 80% nude thai va lflu nUdc thai trong h? thdng den khi COD va TSS xap xi QC\'N tfldng flng. Thed dd, thdi gian lflu can thiet de COD vi TSS ddng thdi dat QC\'N 14:2008/
BTNMT d hau het cac cdng thflc thi nghiem la 03 ngiy ddi vdi nfldc thii sinh boat vi dat QCVN 62-.\ri:2016/BTNMT la 05 ngay ddi vdi nUdc thai chin nudi. Dieu nay chd thay tiem nang sfl dung lio bim trong xfl ly nfldc thii giau hflu cd rat cad (til lfldng BOD va COD cua nfldc thai chin nudi cao hon 4-5 lan so vdi nude thai sinh boat trong khi thdi gian lUu de dim bao QCVN chi cao hdn 1,7 lan).
Ket qua chat Iflpng nfldc sau xfl ly 05 nga\ duoe bieu dien trong bang 4.
Ddi vdi nfldc thai sinh boat, sau 05 ngav, ngoai trfl cdng thflc ddi chflng, tat ca cic vat lieu lpc sau nudi mang deu cho chat Ifldng nfldc dau ra dam bio QCVX 14:2008, BTN.MT bao gdm ci hflu cd. dinh dudng, vi sinh vit (\'S\'). Tfldng tfl, ddi vdi nfldc thai chan nudi, mang tio tren vat lieu lpc nhUa. dat set nung giup loai bd chat d nhiem den gia tri dam bao QCVN 62-MT:2016/BTNMT ve chal hflu cd, chat ran Iwo Iflng. \'SV O mflc y nghia 0.05. hieu qua xfl ly vat lieu nhfla lot hdn dat set nung vi tot hdn nhieu sd vdi ddi chflng, dieu niy cho thay tio bam li yeu td quan trong nhat anh hfldng den hi?u qui xfl ly.
i*lf^
• BODS • COD • TSS Hinh 2. So sanh hieu qua loai bo d lal ca cic cdng thflc, hieu qui loai bd N va P tfldng ddi tri^t de d ca dang tdng sd va dang hda tan, d$c bi^l la photphat vi amoni. Dieu nay phu hpp vdi quy luat sinh trfldng vi phat trien cua vi tao (Nguyen Vin Tuyen, 2003), va cung xap xi hieu qui xfl ly cua tio ddn bao sdng Id Iflng (nhu Chlorella vulgaris - Nguyen Thi Thu Ha va ctv.. 2016). TUdng tU. hieu qui loai bd chat hflu cd do anh hfldng gian tiep lfl hoat ddng cua tio trong dd quan trpng nhat li cung cap oxy cho qua trinh phin uy hieu khi cua mang sinh hpc. Kha nang loai bd TSS kha tdt d cac cdng thflc sfl dung dat set nung cho tao phat trien nhd dd thuc day qui trinh sfl dung chat nen trong nfldc hinh ihanh mang lao (Azim et al., 2005). Trong khi do, khi nang loai bd VSV gay hai cd the bi inh hudng tfl qui trinh khfl trung tfl nhien do anh hfldng cua anh sang mat trdi (tat ca cac vat lieu so vdi doi chflng) IV KET LUAN
Nfldc thil sinh boat va chan nudi bi d nhilm cao den rat cao ddi vdi chat hflu cd, chit ran Id Iflng, dinh dfldng va vi sinh vat len den gan 10 lan so vdi QCVN 14 2008 vi QCVN 62-MT:2016/BTNMT tflpng flng. Tao bam bo sung phit trien tren vat lieu lpc d ^ g hat nhfla nhanh nhat, sau do den dat set nung, xP dfla vi cudi cung la sdi va da cudi, trong dd mat do dat den khoang 18 x 23" TB/cm- vao ngiy thfl 9 - 12 va on dinh den ngay thfl 21 neu duy tri thay 80% nude thai dinh ky. Tdc dp sinh trfldng cua tao
Tong N D Tong P _ Coliform cic chat 6 nhiem trong nUdc thai
nhanh hPn d nUdc thai chin nudi nhflng dat mflc cao hdn d nfldc thai sinh hoat. Cac chi thich hpp vdi dieu kien xfl ly nUdc thii chin nudi va sinh boat la Cyclotella, Navicula, Nitzschia (tao cat), Euglena (lao mat), Closterium, Pediastrum, Ulothrix (tao luc) va Aphanothece (tao lam). Sfl dung mang tao da hinh thanh dn dinh de xfl ly nUdc thai cho kel qua dat QCVN sau 3 ngay ddi vdi nfldc thai smh hoat va 05 ngay ddi vdi nfldc thai chin nudi, hieu qua xfl ly phan Idn cac thdng so hflu cd va dinh dudng deu dat tren 65% ddi vdi tat ca cac cdng thflc, die biel dat tren 80% ddi vdi N va P; xap xi 95% ddi vdi photphat, amoni va coliform, ty le thuin vdi mat dp tio vi cao hdn nhieu so vdi ddi chflng.
TAI LIEU THAM KHAO
Nguyen Viet Anh, 2005. XUly nUdc thai sinh hoat bang bdi loc trong cdy dong chdy thang dUng trong dieu kien Viet Nam. Dai hpc Xay dflng.
Bp Tai nguyen vi Moi trUdng. 2015, Bao eao hien trang moi IrUdng quoc gia 2014 - Mdi IrUdng ndng thon.
NXB Tii nguyen mdi trUdng va Ban do Nguyen Thi Thu Hi, Tran Minh Hoang, Do Thuy
Nguyen, Trinh Quang Huy, 2016. Lfng dung lio Chlorella vulgaris loai bd nilo va phdt pho trong nUdc thai suih boat sau be tU hoai. Tap chi Kmh te sinhthdi.(S\) 43-52
QCVN 14:2008 BTN.MT Quychulnk-ylhuatqudcgia Azim .ME., .Marc C. I. Verdegem. Anne A.
ve nUdc thai sinh hoat van Dam, -Malcolm C. -M. Be^endge. 2005.
QCVN 62-.MT:2016/BTN.MT. Quy chuan ky thuat Periphyton Ecology. Exploitation aihi Managcinent.
qudc gia ve nUoc thai eban nudi CABl publishing.
TCVN 6663:2011 (ISO 5667-2006) Tieu chuan qudc Homer RR., Welch EB., Seeley .MR-. lacoby )>'••
gia ve Chat lUdng nude - Lay mau. 1990. Responses of periphvlon to changes in current DUdngDflcTien, V6 Hanh. 1997. Tao «i/o^e«go( \7^f velocit>'. suspended sediment and phosphorus
Nam - phdn loai bo tdo htc NXB Nong nghiep. concentration. Freshwater biolog\. 24 (2) 21.-'-- - Nguyen Van Tuyen. 2003. D.I t/fln^ siVi/i hoc ((io Iron^ Wu Yonghong. 2017. Periphyton: Functions and thiiy vUc noi dia Viet Nam tnen vong vd thii thach. Application in Environmctilal Remedialion.
NXB Ndng Nghiep. Elsevier Inc.
Application of periphyton for domestic and livestock wastewater treatment Do Phuong Chi. Dinh Tien Dung, Vu Pham Thai. Nguyen Thi Thu Ha Abstract
Domestic and livestock wastewater (contaminated of organic, turbidity, nutrients and microorganisms) was used to create periphyton membranes for initial treatment. Periph\1on grew fastest on plastic material, then baked clay, coconut fiber and slower on pebbles and gravel, with a density of about 10-20 million cells per cm' after 9-12 days.
Suitable genus for wastewater treatment were Cyclotella. .\'avicula. Nitzschia (bacilariophyla). i;Hg/t7irt (Euglenophyta).
Closterium, Pediastrum. Ulothrix (Chlorophyla) and Aphanothece (Cyanophyla). These periphyton systems removed pollutant lo lower level in comparison with the National Technical Regulations within 3 days (domestic wastewater) or 05 days (livestock wastewater). The ireatnienl ethciency of all environmental parameter was above 65%, especially above 80% for total nitrogen and phosphorus, and above 94% for coliform
Keywords: Filter materials. Nitrogen and Phosphorus enriched, periphyton, wastewater treatment Ngay nh?n bii: 5/11/2019 Ngfldi phin bi?n: TS. Le Anh Tuan Ngiy phan bien: 29/ U /2019 Ngay duyel dang: 13/01 /2020
D A C TfNH PROBIOTIC DA ENZYME CUA VI KHUAN VTCC 12251 UTMG D U N G T R O N G C H A N NUOI
H^ Thi HSng', Duong Van Hpp', Dao Thi LUOng' T O M TAT
Cac vi khuan tao bao tfl dang dUpc sfl dung nhu probiotic trong thflc an chin nuoi, bo sung vao che dp an uong cho con ngUdi cung nhU trong cic loai thudc. Chung cing trd nen hap dan hdn bdi tinh on djnh nhiet va kha ning sdng sdt qua da day Trong nghien cflu nay cic dac tinh probiotic trong dieu kien in vitro cua ehung vi khuan
\TCC 12251 phan lap lfl dit dUpc danh gia dUa vao cae dac diem sinh trddng va kha nang chong chiu trong mdi trUdng rupt mo phdng, Chung vi khuan dupe dinh danh la Bacillus sublilis VTCC 12251 dUa vao phan tich trinh lU gen 16S rRNA va rpoB. Chung nay mang day du cic die tinh probiotic nhU: cd kha nang sinh cae hoat chat khang mpt so vi sinh vit gay benh; chiu mudi mat (0.3%), chiu NaCl (10%); sinh trudng dupc trong dieu kien vi hieu khi;
ton t^i trong dieu kien khic nghiet cua da diy va rupt; ed kha nang bam dinh vio cac te bio bieu mo rudt; nhay cim vdi mot so khang smh thdng dung d cic mflc dp khac nhau va bao tU ed kha nang ehiu nhiet d 80"C. Ngoii ra, chung nay cdn ed kha nang smh nhieu loai enzyme ngoai bio vdi hoat linh eao trong cic dieu kien len men ldng va len men xop. Cic ket qui da chflng minh Bacillus sublihs \'TCC 12251 la mpt vi khuan probiotic da chflc nang day bfla hen flng dung trong chan nuoi.
Tfl khda: Bacillus subtilts. bao lfl. da enzyme, m vitro, probiotic ' \'ien \'i sinh vit vi Cdng nghe Sinh hpc, Dai hoe Quoc gia Hi Npi 90
