Hfli Pja ly va Tai nguyen Moi (ruong Thii-a Tliicn H u i Hoi Pja ly Viel Nam
Oanh gia thiFC trang SLP dung va quan ly dit xay diFng tru s6 CO- quan, cong trinh SLP nghiep 6" Viet Nam
Thai Thj Quynh Nhu' Abstract
Assess Ihe real situation of using and management of land for con.slruction of offices, puhlic service delivery inslitulions in ViclNani
During recent years, in the rapid developmeni oj market economy, land is becoming scarce and more valuable, it leads the mailer of land manageinenl and ining lo he more difficult, complex. Manv land areas for conslruclion of offices, public service delivery insliluliOns whuh the Stale allocaled free of charge aie being used for improper purposes Land for conslruclion of offices is being turned into residential areas, organizations have good land position use their premises jor commercial leases: public land was transformed into private land, build houses, illegally occupied causing sei loiis waste in land use respect Ihis is the pi essing is.-^uc ';/
society and the authorUie^ competent The above derogations show ihat there are many shortcomings .'- management matter, many loopholes in the system of laws and policies To remedy this silualion iicJ-i m if alienlio-i of the auihonties, to focus on building plans lo address the shortcomings and p'.<!'!i-inj />,,/>' effeclively
LDATVANDE
O nudc ta dit dai thugc sd hiru loan dan do Nhi nudc dgi dien chii sd htru thdng nhit quin ly, Nha nudc thuc hien quyen dinh doat doi vdi dit dai Ihdng qua vice giao dii, cho ihue dit va chu\cn nutc dich sir dyng dit, trong do cd hinh ihuc giao dii co thu lien sir dyng dii va giao dii khong lhu liln sii dyng dit. Dit xay dung li-u sd, co quan cdng trinh sy nghiep dugc giao cho cac to chirc. co quan dirdi hinh thiic khdng thu tiln su dyng dal. Mac dii phap lual dat dai hien hinh cd nhti'ng quy dinh cy theve quan ly, su dung loai "dat cdng" nay nhung qua kcl qua long hop theo Chi thj so 31/2007/CT- TTg cita Thit tudng Chinh phii ngiy 14 thing 12 nam 2007 ve viec kicm ke quy dat dang quan ly, su (i(ing cua cac Id chiic dugc Nhi nudc giao dii, cho thue dat vin cdn nhieu van de tdn lai trong viec sir dyng dat cua cic td chuc dugc Nhi nudc giao: sir dung khdng diing myc dich dugc giao; cho mugn, cho thue, chuyen nhuang trai phep; sir dung khdng phit hgp vdi quy hoach; bd hoang khdng sir dung
;ho|cbi tochuc ca iili«. chicm dung, .
Trong khudn khd bii bio nay tic gia mudn thong qua viec nghicn ciru cic chinh sich ciia Nha nuac ve viec giao dit de xay dyng try sd co quan cdng trinh sy nghiep vi thyc trgng sir dyng, quin ly di^n lich dat niy de de xuit mdt sd giii phip nang cao hicu qua, hieu lyc quin ly Nhi nude ddi vdi dal i'xfiy dyng try sd ca quan cdng trinh su nghiep, dim bao sy cdng bang va chdng that lhu cho ngin sich
Nha nudc.
2- NHiTNG QUY DiiVH PHAP LY CHU YEU VE QUAN LY, SU" DUNG DAT XAY DlTNG TRV S d CO QUAN* CONG TRINH SlTNGHIEP
Dit xay dung tru sd ca quan, cdng irinh sy nghiep chu yeu dugc giao cho cic td chiic ciia Nha nudc, la tii sin ciia Nhi nudc. Luit Dal dai hien hinh da cd quy dmh cy the ve quan ly, sir dung loai dat nay [2]:
^otg cue Qudn ly ddt dai. Bp Tdi nguyen vd Moi Irtrdng
^lALY KlNlI TE - X.A HQI. DIA LY CHJNII TRI - gUAN StJ'
Hpi Bja ly va Tai nguyen Moi truong Thii'a Thien Hui HoJ Dja ly Viet Nam 1. Dit try sd coquan, cdng trinh sy nghiep bao gdm:
a. Dat xiy dyng try sd co quan Nha nudc, td chirc chinh trj, td chdc chinh trj - xa hgi, id dure sir nghiep cdng;
b. Dit xiy dyng try sd khic do Chinh phii quylt djnh, trir trudng hgp quy dinh tai khoan a diiu nay;
c. Dit xay dung cdng trinh sy nghiep ihugc cac nganh, ITnh vyc vl kinh ll, van hda, xa h<M, khoa hgc vi cdng nghe, ngogi giao ciia co quan Nha nudc, td chirc chinh trj, td chiic chinh trj - xa hot, ti chirc su nghi|p cdng.
2. Viec sii dyng dit quy dmh tgi khoin 1 Dieu niy phai phii hgp vdi quy hogch, kl hoach sir dung dal, quy hogch xay dung dd thi, quy hoach xay dung dilm din cu ndng thdn da dugc eo quan Nha nudc cd iham quyen phe duyet.
3. Ngudi dii'ng diu ca quan, td chuc dugc giao dal cd trich nhiem bao loan dien tich dai dupe giao, sii dyng diing myc dich,
Nghiem cim viec su dung dal dugc giao de xay dung try sd co quan, xiy dyng cdng irinh sit nghiep vio muc dich khic.
Nghi dmh 181/2004/ND-CP ve thi hinh Lual Dal dai quy djnh ve van de Cip giiy chii'ng nhan quyin su dung dit doi vdi dit xay dyng iru sd ca quan, cong trinh sy nghiep [3]:
1. Cic td chuc dang su dyng dit da dugc Nha nudc giao de xay dyng try sd co quan, x.i\ dpg cdng trinh su nghiep mi chua dugc cip giay chiing nhin quyin sir dung dit phai ty ri soil, ke khai viec sir dung dal va bao cao Uy ban nhin din tinh, thinh phd tryc thudc Trung uong nai cd dit va cu quan cap tren h"uc tiep.
2. Tren co sd bio cio ciia to chiic, Oy ban nhin dan tinh, thanh phd tryc thugc Trung uong noi cd dit kiem tra thuc le sir dung dal va quyet dinh xii iy, cap giay chiing nhgn quySn sil dung dal doi vdi tirng trudng hgp cy the theo quy djnh sau;
a. Dien tich dal da dugc Nhi nudc giao ma nay dang sir dung dimg myc dich thi dugc liep tyc i sir dyng vi dugc cap giiy chiing nhgn quyen sir dung dal;
b. Dien tich dit khdn§ sii dyng, sur dung khong diing myc dich, dien tich dit do thicu irach nhiem de bj lin, bi chiem, thit thoit; dien tich dat da cho cic td chiic khic, hd gia dinh, ci nhan thue hoac mugn su dyng; dien tich dat da lien doanh, lien ket trii phip luat lhi Uy ban nhan dan linh, ihinh pho tryc thupc Trung uong quyet djnh thu hdi;
c. Dii d thi bin giao cho Uy ban nhan dan huyen, qugn, lhi xa, thanh pho thudc tinh nai ci> dat quin ly; trudng hgp ngudi sii dung dit d phit hgp vdi quy hogch, kl hoach su dung dit da dugc xet duyet thi dugc cap giiy chiing nhin quyen sir dung dal va phii thuc hien nghTa vu tai chinh theo quy dinh ciia Chinh phii ve thu lien sir dung dit;
d. Dien tich dit da lin, chiem; bi lin, bj chiem; dang co tranh chip thi Uy ban nhan din linh, thanh phd tryc thugc Trung uang giai quyet dirt diem dl xac djnh ngudi sii dung dal,
Nghi djnh I88/2q04/ND-CP ciia Chinh phu ngiy 16/11/2004 vl phuong phap xac djnh f^ii dat va khung gii cac loai dal, trong dd cd quy djnh: Ddi vdi dat xay dyng try sd co quan vi dat xay dyng cdng trinh su nghiep, Uy ban nhan din cap tinh can cu vao gia dit d licn ke hogc gia dit d tgi vimg lan can do iiy ban nhin dan cap linh quyet djnh va phuong phip djnh gii dit d quy djnh tgj Dilu ' ^ ^Igh!
djnh nay dc djnh muc gia dit phii hgp vdi tinh hinh thuc ll igi dta phuong [4].
Hoi nghi Khoa hgc Dia ly Todn qudc ldn lhu 6; Thdnh phd Hue. 9/2Q12
H8i Pja ly vi Tii nguyen Moi trirfrng Thira Thien Hue H$i Pja ly Viet Nam Nhu vgy phip luat dit dai hien hinh da quy djnh khi ro che do sir dung va trich nhi^m quan ly, phuang phap xac djnh gii trj dat xay dyng try sd ca quan, cdng trinh su nghiep nhu mgt tai san cdng cua nha nudc.
3. THlfC TRANG S I T D U N G D I £ N TICH DAT 3.1. Stt dung dung muc dich diro'c giao, du-tfc thue
Bang I. Tinh hinh
STT 1 Loffi hinh to chiic 1 . Ca quan hitnh chinh nha nuac 2 1 To chuc chinh Iri 3 To chuc xa hpi 4 To chiic chinh In xa hoi S To chuc chinh Iri xdhiil- nghe 6 To chirc su nghiep cong 7 To chuc ngoai giao 8 To chiic lanh le 9 i Oy ban nhan dan xa 10 \ Quoc phdng. An nmh 11 i Ndng. ldm Iruong
1 T6ngs6
.m dung dimg muc dich phdn theo loai hinh to chirc So to chirc (to DT su dung dung muc
< chirc} _ i dich Om)
' 15.189 ' 33 838.42 ' ' i 373 : 2.390
1 941 ' 1.373,87 . 1 106 . 3.687,04 nghiep 590 ' 697.99
55 561 394 201.53 36 16.74 47 436 ' 458.179.32 1 10 870 1 319.042.97
\ 8.069 \ '319:689.47 641 - 5 615.419.33 1 141.812 1 7 148.536.47
Ty le % so tdiigDT 95.63 75.30 96.47 75.40 96.78 75.94 78.41 90.42 1 97.40
95.78 '. 92.05 91.26 Ngudn: tdng hop tusd lieu kiim ke ddt theo Chi thi 3H2007/CT-TTg [IJ Theo ket qui kiem ke quy dit ciia cic td chirc nam 2008, ci nudc cd 141.812 Id chiic sii dung dung myc dich dugc giao, dugc thue vdi dien lich 7.148,536,47 ha, chiem 91,26%. Nhin chung cac ' logi hinh to chirc sir dung dal diing myc dich, dat hicu qua trong su dyng, ty Ie su dung dung muc dich
^ tren tdng dien tich theo hinh Ihuc su dyng ciia loin qudc dgt tren 90%, trong do cd 06 viing cd ty Ie dgt tren 90% la cic vung Tiy Bic, Ddng Bac, Ddng bang sdng Hdng, Duyen hai Nam Trung Bp, Tay Nguyen va Ddng bang sdng Cuu Long, cd 02 viing dgt ly le thip li Ddng Nam Bp (79,64%) va Bic 'Trung Bd (87,64%).
3.2. Cho thue trai phep
Dien tich dat cho thue trai phap lugt ddi vdi khdi cic td chiic, ca quan nhi nudc li 1894,50 ha, chilm 64,91% long so dien lich cho thue trii phip luat vdi 522 t l chiic, chiem 43,32% tdng sd td chuc cho thue trii phap luat ciia ca nudc; dien lich cho thue trii phep cua khdi co quan nha nudc tap trung chil ylu d cic Id chirc la Uy ban nhan dan cap xa (78,13%), co quan nha nudc (8,35%), to chirc chinh trj (8,24%).,,
3.3. Cho mugn
Sd Id chiic sir dyng dit de cho mugn li 1.647 td chirc vdi dien lich cho mugn li 6.740,76 ha.
Trong do ldn nhit li vimg Ddng Bic vdi 653 Id chiic tren dien lich 2.443,46 ha, viing Dong Nam Bp vdi 141 Id chiic tren dien tich 1.944,65 ha, vimg Ddng bang sdng Ciiu Long vdi 478 td chirc tren dien tich 936,87 ha, UBND xa vdi 169,70 ha do 234 td chiic cho mugn, td chiic chinh trj vdi 145,75 ha do 06 to chirc cho mugn.
OIA l.Y KINH TK - XA HOL DIA LY CHINH TRI - QUAN SU
Hoi Pia ly va Tii nguyen Moi truong Thiia Thign Hui Hoi Pja ly Vi^l Nam 3.4. Chuyen nhuong trai phep
S6 td chirc sii dung dit chuyen nhugng trai phep Ii 188 l6 chirc vdi di6n lich chuyin nhugng trai phep la 375,28 ha. Trong dd lap Irung chii yeu lai viing Ddng bing sdng Cuu Long vdi 43 td chirc va dien lich chuyin nhugng trai phep Ii 163,79 ha (tip trung nhilu nhat tgi tinh Long An vdi dien tich 97,72 ha, Kien Giang vdi dien lich 55,70 ha), viing Ddng B3c vdi 20 td chiic vi dien tich chuyen nhugng trii phep la 154,72 ha(taplrung tgi tinh Tuyen Quang vdi di?n tich 145,85 ha).
3.5. Bj lan, bj chicm
Tong dien lich de bj lin, bi chilm Ii 254.033,19 ha do 3.915 to chirc dang quin ly, Irong dn Cu quan nha nudc co 397 t l chiic vdi dien tich 400,47 ha, chiem 0,16% dien ti'ch bj lin, bj chilm, To chiirc chinh tri cd 34 td chirc vdi dien tich 418,37 ha, chiem 0,16% dien tich bj Ian, bj chiem; To chirc xa hpi CO 22 Id chirc vdi dien ti'ch 1,60 ha, chilm 0,001% dien tich bj lin, bj chiem; Td chiic chinh trj xa hpi cd 25 td chirc vdi dien lich 37,08 ha, chilm 0,01% dien tich bj lin, bj chiem; Td chuc chinh trj xa hpi nghi nghiep cd 14 td chiic vdi dien tich 0,87 ha; Td chirc su nghiep cdng cd 1.458 Id chirc vdi dien ti'ch 488,11 ha, chicm 0,19% dien lich bj lin, bi chiem; UBND xa cd 712 td chirc vdi diOn tich 2.190,49 ha, chilm 0.86% dien tich bj lin, bj ehilm.
3.6. Sirdung vao muc dich khac
Tinh trang sir dung vao muc dich khic hay dugc ggi Ii sii dyng khong diing muc dich dugc giao, dugc thue xiy rad hiu het cac loai hinh td chiic, ca nudc cd 3.311 to chuc sir dyng khdng diing myc dich dugc giao, dugc ihue vdi dicn lich Ii 25.587,82 ha, trong do chii yeu li cac td chiic sir dyng vio myc dich sin xuit kinh doanh phi ndng nghiep (1.527 td chiic vdi dien lich 21.499,68 ha, chilm 84,02%), so ll chiic sii dyng vao myc dich Iim nhi d la 1.828 Id chiic vdi dien tich 4.088,24 ha (bang 2).
Bdng 2: Ttnh hinh su dung ddi vdo mue dich khdc phdn theo loai binh id chuc
STT
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11
• Loai hinh Id ch^c
^ Ccr quan hanh chinh nhd nudc
\ To chuc chinh tri 1 To chuc :xa hoi
\ To chuc chinh In xd hoi j To chuc chinh tri xa hgi - nghi nghiep i To chuc sir nghiep cong
To chuc ngoai giao
\ To chuc kinh te
\ Vy ban nhdn ddn xd , Qudc phong. An ninh i Nong, ldm Irudng
• Tong so
TdngDTSD vdo mifC dich khdc I (ha)
\ 51.65 [ 25.31 [ 4.08
3.38 : 7.31 1 295.58 i 0.13
; 3 672,70
• 548.22 ', 117,47 I 20.861.99 : 25.587,82
Trong do DT dk lam nhct&
26.35 2.98 3.50 0,59 7,22 21815 0.13 2.370,55 111,75 11,58 1.335.44 4.088,24
DT dal .SD vio muc dich SXKD 25.31 22.33 0.58 2.80 0,09 77.43
I.302.I4 436.56 105,89 19.526.55 21.499,68 (Ngudn: ldng hcrp tu so lieu kiim ke ddt theo Chi lhi 31/2007/CT-TT;.' [!])
Hoi nght Khoa hoc Dialy Todn qudc ldn thu 6; ThdnhphoHue, '12012
Hfli Pja ly ^i Tai nguygn M6i truo'ng Thira Thien Hui Hoi Pja ly Vicl Nam 3.7, Tinh hinh tranh chap, lan chiem
Tdn^ dien lich dal cita cac id chiic dang cd tranh chap, lin chiem la 313.969,03 ha, trong dd di^nlich dit cd tranh chip la 34.232,63 ha vdi I.I84 td chirc, dien tich dit lin chilm la 25.703,21 ha vdi 4.077 td chiirc vi dien tich dii bj lin, bj chilm la 254.033,19 ha vdi 3.915 id chirc. Dien lich dit (tang tranh chap, lin chilm chii yeu xiy ra trong cic logi hinh Id chiic nhu td chirc kinh ll, Uy ban flhan dan cip xa, td chuc su nghiep cdng. Nguyen nhan chii ylu do khi thyc hien giao dit cho cic tfl ditirc, hd so lap chua diy dii, khdng chat che, md la ranh gidi, moc gidi khdng rd rang, cu thi; mpt sd j(hu dat da cd mdc gidi nhung qua qua trinh xiy dung cic cdng trinh Iam thit lac mdc hoac cd su djch chuyen vj tri ngoai y mudn. Do vgy, khi phit sinh tranh chip, viec giii quylt rat kho khan. Ngoii ra, c6n cd nguyen nhan do thieu kien quylt trong xii ly cac trudng hgp lin chilm, giii quyll tranh chip keo dai hoac tai chiem dat da bdi thudng.
Bdng 3: Tong hop linh hinh Iranh chdp, ldn chiiin
sn
2 3_
<
6 7 .1 9 W 11
Loai hinh to chiic C 7 quan hanh chinh nha nu&c T5 chuc chinh tri To chirc xa hdi To chiic chinh tri X'j hdi To chiic chinh In xa hoi - nghe nghiep To chuc su nghiep cong To chiic ngoai giao To chiic kinh te Uy ban nhdn ddn xa Qudc phdng. An ninh Nong, ldm truang Tdng sd
Tranh chdp Td chiic Dien tich (ha) j49_ ._6.00 _6 ' 0.56 ~ "
4 0.94 5 1 1.31 8 0.45 377 ' '• 102,97 '
370 • 12894,75 245 I28l,49__
66 ^-- r - ^ ^ - ^ - ^ 54 ill 116.02 1.184 '34 232.63'"
\ Ldn chieni To chiic '_42l _' 1 25 .34
; 21
\ 9 _
\jj_3l__^
: T ; j 5 12S9____
•18 122 4.077
Dien lich (ha) 15.65 '. 1,61 1.41 1.35
0.67 ,.^^_
' 114.J16 1" i l l
1.045.97 "~' X I_00.26 . ..1,.
! 383,13
^24.039.11 T 25.703.21
\ (Ngudn: tdng hcrp tirsd lieu kiim ke ddt theo Chi lhi 31/2007/CT-TTg [1]) .8. Dien tich dat chua dua vao siir dung
Tdng dien lich dal cua cac td chirc duac giao, dugc thue ciia cac td chii'c nhung chua sd dyng la 299,719,46 ha chiem 3,83% tdng dien tich dit ciia cic id chiic dang quin ly sii dung do 4.120 td chirc quan ly, trong dd dien lich da dua vio sir dung nhung cdn de hoang hoi li 250.862,79 ha do 2.455 Id chircquinly[l],
4. ^t XUAT MQT S 6 GIAI PHAP NANG CAO HIEU QUA QUAN LV VA SU" DVNG DAT XAV DlTNG TRU SC CO QUAN, CONG TRINH SlT NGHIEP
^•l- Dinh hirdng chung ve van de giao dat khdng thu ticn sir dung dat
Giao dit khdng thu lien sii dung dal la mdt chinh sich dimg dan ciia Nhi nudc ta nham dam bio
"^fig bing xa hgi vi the hien dugc linh chat md hinh sd hii"u loan din ve dat dai, De khic phyc dugc nhtrng nhugc diem va dat dugc muc lieu giiip chinh quyen nam chic quin chat quy dit dugc giao '''long thu tiln sir dung dit Nha nudc phii cd nhtrng chinh sach ddi mdi phu hgp vdi myc tieu phal 'ri^n kinh tl - xa hgi.
^lA LY KINH TE • XA HOL DIA LY CI IINH TRI - QUAN SU' 875"
H$i Pja ly vi Tai nguyen Moi trirong Thiia Thign Hui Hpi Dia 1^ Vi^t Nam Trudc hit cin phii khing dinh ring chinh sich giao dit khdng thu lien su dung dit la phii hpp vdi hoin einh ciia nudc ta hien nay. Tuy nhien khung phap ly cua Viet nam li Nhi nudc hoin to^n bao cip vl dit dai cho cac id chirc, don vj hanh chinh, don vj su nghiep va cic dan vj nay phii sir dung dling muc dich dugc giao, khdng dugc sir dung vio bit ky mdt myc dich nao khic, khdng con nhu ciu sii dyng thi Nhi nudc thu hdi. Tren thyc tl cd rit nhilu sai pham trong vipc sir dung quy dat nay nhu cd dat nhung khdng dua vio sii dung, sir dyng khdng diing myc dich,... Phip luat cung nhir triln khai phap lugt tap trung kha ldn vao bien phap khic phuc nhung van con ldn tgi va rit khd \u 1^.
Mudn khic phyc dugc tinh trang tren chung ta cin cd djnh hudng diing din giiip quin ly quy dii nay mdt cich chat che tranh sai phgm gay_ lang phi cho ngan sach nha nudc. Cin phii quin ly quy dai nay theo hudng gin vdi thi trudng hon. Ci mgt sd nudc phal trien hg cho phep cac don vj hanh chinh, sy nghiep duge sir dung vao mgt sd muc dicb phy nhit dinh dl nang cao hieu qui sir dung dat, myc dich sir dyng co thu Igi lhi phii nop thul sii dung dit, hg cd quyin ban bat ddng san nay vi mua bit dpng sin khic dl sir dyng cho phii hgp vdi nhiem vu dugc giao, Co che nay ning cao tinh tu chit ciia cac don vi, khuyen khich dugc cac co quan. Id chiic su dung nhi dat tilt kiem hon, phii hgp vdi ca che thj Irudng. Diy la mdt kinh nghiem cd the dieu chinh cho phii hgp vdi hoan canh nudc la.
4.2. De xuat mgt so giai phap
4.2.1. Giai phap ve chinh sach phap luat dat dai
Hien nay giOa cic bp luil: Luat Dit dai, Luit Xay dung, Lugl Nha d, Lugl Kinh doanh ba( dpng sin, Luat Diu tu.,. va cac nghj djnh hudng dan thi hinh luat dang cd su chdng cheo, bit cap giy kho khan cho ci ngudi su dung dat va co quan quin ly trong trien khai thyc hien. Chinh vi vay de quan ly, sii dung hieu qua quy dit ndi chung va quy dat try sd co quan, cdng Irinh sy nghiep ndi rieng, phii co sy dilu chinh phii hgp hon. Tren co sd cic muc lieu va quan dilm, can cii vao thuc trang quin ly su- dung dal xay dung try sd ca quan, cdng trinh su nghiep ciia cic don vj, id chiic, can cii chien lufK phat trien kmh le - xa hgi ciia Ding vi Nha nudc ta, dinh hudng hoan thien co che, chinh sich dii dai vol npi dung CO bin sau:
- Hoan thien va dn dinh he thdng cac chinh sich quan ly ciia Nha nudc ve dat dai va nhat la doi vdi ddi tupng sir dung dit li cic td chiic dugc giao khong thu tien sii dung dit de xiy dung try sd ca quan, cdng trinh su nghiep. Can igo dygc tinh dn djnh, cd gia tri lau dai ciia he thdng phip luit dai dai;
- Thdng nhat kiem tra, ri soil lai cac miu thuan trong cac Luat Dat dai, Luit Xay dyng, Lu^t Kinh doanh Bat ddng san, Lugt Dau tu,.,, de tir cd cd phuang an dieu chinh, xu ly cic mau ihuan bat cap dd;
- Quy dtnh cy the ve trach nhiem cua ngudi dirng dau cac td chiic, dem vi neu de xiy ra linh trgng dit xay dyng try sd co quan, cdng trinh sy nghiep bj lin, ehiem, sir dung trii phep, khdny co hieu qui...
- Thuc hien viec kiem tra hien trang sii dung dat, bd tri, sip xep lgi viec sd dung dat xay dung frii sd CO quan, cong trinh su nghiep CL.J cic co quan hinh chinh, don vj sy nghiep, cic to chirc, don vi co dat du thira.
4.2.2. Giai phap ve quy hoach, ke hoach su* dung dat
- Cin CO su linh loan va xay dung djnh miic sii dung dit ciia cac dem vj, td chiic die biel li 'lii'li mirc su dung quy dal xay dung try sd co quan, cdng trinh su nghiep de tir dd ra soil, lhu hdi phan L^ien tich dat du thira va giao dat cho cic dan vt, id chirc chua cd du dien lich dal xay dung try sd co q'.: -i-
Hoi nghi Khoa hoc Dia ly Toan quoc ldn lhu6, Thdnh pho Hue, 9'.''
toPJa !>* v^ Tai nguyen Moi truong Thira Thicn Hue Hpi Bja ly Vigt Nam
^ng trinh sy nghiep cho phii hgp quy djnh, tranh lang phi. Tir dd cd the dieu chinh tinh trgng thira -
^iiu dit dang ldn tgi nhu bien nay.
- Ri soil, thdng ke phin dien tich dat xay dyng try sd ca quan, cdng trinh sy nghiep cua cic id fhiic, dem vj dang cho Ihue, mugn, chuyen nhugng trii phep. Cung cd cae quy djnh phip ly dl lap thu hjcthu hoi phan dien ti'ch nay va giao cho Trung tam phat trien quy dit quin ly, lap ke hoach khai thic sii dung.
- Ra soil, xem xet nguyen nhan ddi vdi dien tich dat ehua sii dung ciia cic to chirc dugc giao jit xay dyng try sd ca quan, cdng trinh sy nghiep de tir dd cd phucmg an lhu hdi dien lich dat chua sir li^g hogc gia han phai dua dien lich chua sir dung vio sii dyng trong mdt khoang thdi gian nhat djnh.
rnrong hgp sau khoing thdi gian gia han van khong khic phuc thi se lien hanh xir ly irach nhiem ddi vdi ngudi dirng dau td chiic va lhu hdi phan dien tich dd.
4J,3. Giai phap ve doi mdi he thong tai chinh dat dai
Thue te cho thay d nudc ta hien nay tinh hinh quin l\ su dung dit ngiy cing trd nen phiic lap hon. Co che, chinh sich tii chinh ve dat dai chinh li mot trong cac nguyen nhan lam cho linh hinh quan ly su dung dii phiic tap dgc biel li linh irgng quin ly su dyng dat xay dung try sd co quan, cdng trinh su nghiep cua cic dgn vi, td chiic dugc giao khdng thu lien sir dyng dit. Yeu Id co ban ciia he thing tii chinh ve dit dai chinh la gii dal va day ciing chinh li van de cd inh hudng true tiep, sau sac nhit tdi cdng lac quin ly quy dit niy. Trong tinh hinh d nudc la hien nay, cd sy chenh lech qui nhieu giSa gia dit do Nha nudc quy djnh vi gia dat tren thj trudng, ddng ihdi gia dii thyc le tai nhieu dia phuang qui cao so vdi kha nang sinh lgi lir su dyng dii. Chinh su chenh lech Idn niy da Iam niy sinh nhiitig bit cap trong hien Irang su dyng dit .xiy dyng try sd co quan, cong trinh su nghiep cac id chiic dugc giao dit khong lhu ticn su dung dii, Nhi nudc giao dal khdng thu lien cho cic td chuc xiy dung tru sd CO quan, cdng trinh su nghiep irong khi cic don vi td chiic lgi sir dung mpt phan quy dii dugc giao nay cho thue lgi va lhu dugc ngudn lgi khdng nhd. Chinh vi vay cin tip trung vio mot sd vin de sau:
- Xiy dung he thing gii dal hgp ly dam bio khoang cich cho phep giira hai he thdng gii dat, phan anh dugc kha ning sinh Idi tu dit.
- Nha nudc giao dit khdng thu lien sir dung dit ddi vdi nhtrng irudng hgp Iam try sd ca quan, cong trinh su nghiep, sir dung vao muc dich cdng edng ciing phii tinh den gii trj quyen sir dung dit de quy Irach nhiem kinh tl khi cd vi phgm phap luit ve dal dai, tien tdi vdn hda nganh lii nguyen mdi trirdng. Xii ly cdng bing giu'a cic td chiic dugc giao dat khdng thu lien sir dyng dal vdi cic thinh phan Itinh ll khic. Thuc hien sy binh ding vl nghTa vy tii chinh trong su dyng dat cita cac co quan hanh chinh, don vi su nghiep, cac td chiic, cdng ly Nhi nudc.
4.2.4. Giai phap dSy nhanh vice cap giay ehirng nhan quyen sir dung dat (GCNQSDD) cho cac to chuc
- Sd Tii nguyen vi Mdi trudng phii co chi dgo vi thdng bio thdi hgn, thit lyc dang ky, xin cip GCNQSDD cho cac don vj. Id chirc. Cac don vj, td chiic dang su dyng dat dung muc dich, hieu qui, Wiong cd tranh chip, lin chiem, phii hgp vdi quy hoach can nhanh chong lim thii tyc ding ky vi xin cap GCNQSDD, nlu qua thai han cho phep dit se bj thu hdi,
- Ddi vdi dien tich dit chua sir dung cin xem xet nguyen nhan va cd kl hoach thu hdi dit, Ithong cip GCNQSDD nlu qui thdi hgn ma vin chua dua dien tich dit dugc giao vio sir dyng.
BIALY KINH TE - XA IIOL E)|A LY CHINH TRI - QUAN SU
Hpi Dja ly va Tai nguyen Moi truong Thiia Thien Hue Hpi Dja ly Vi^uSain - Ddi vdi dien tich dit sir dung khdng dung muc dich, de bj lan, bi chiem thi Nha nude phii tig„
hanh lhu hoi ma khdng xet cap GCNQSDD,
- Doi vdi dien lich dit sir dyng lim nha d dugc phan cho can bd, cdng nhan vien su dyng di lau phii hgp vdi quy hoach sir dung dit d lhi dl nghi UBND ihinh pho cho phep hgp thiic boa vi lim thii tuc xet, cip GCNQSDD.
4.2.5. Giai phap ve cong nghe thong tin
- Tiep luc hoin ihien he Ihdng quin ly dit dai, hien dgi hda he thdng quin ly dit dai cho cong lac quin ly, cap nhal biln dgng, luu trir, tra ciru va sir dung,
- cin phii cd mdi he thdng phin mem (tuong thich vdi cac phin mim hien lgi) cd the quan ly vi die biet cap nhit dugc nhu'ng biln dgng trong qua trinh quan ly, su dung dit xay dung try sd co quan, cong trinh su nghiep ciia cic don vi, Id chiic dya tren cic Quylt djnh giao dit, cip GCNQSOD cho tirng thiia dit cd the ket ndi Iirng phudng (xa), qugn (huyen) de kiem soat va kjp thdi phat hicn sai pham
4.2.6. Giai phap vc cai each hanh chinh
- cin phii coi viec day mgnh cii each hinh chinh tai ca quan quin ly Nhi nudc ve dat diii, t^i ehinh quyin dta phuang cic cap trong viec thu hdi dit, giao dal, cip GCNQSDD la myc lieu can dugc quan tam hang dau.
- Cd ke hogch giam thieu tdi da cic lhu lyc hinh chinh ddi vdi hd sa dat xiy dyng try su ca quan, cong trinh su nghiep ciia cic td chuc dugc giao khdng lhu tien SDD, dim bao ditng quy djnh cua phap luat.
- Tang cudng cdng tic kiem tra, ihanh tra viec sii dyng dat try sd co quan cdng trinh sy nghiep cua cac ca quan hanh chi'nh, don vj sy nghiep, cic to chiic. Day dugc coi la bien phap quan trpng chin chinh va ning cao hieu qua sii dyng dit ctia cic co quan hinh chinh, don vj su nghiep, cic td chirc,
- Thudng xuyen tip huin, boi dudng chuyen mdn, nghiep vy cho dpi ngii cin bg lam cdng tic quan ly dat dai.
Giao dat li hinh Ihiic bit ky qudc gia nao cung cd, li su bd tri hgp ly dat dai theo nhu cau ciia cac doi tugng sii dung dat ciing nhu myc lieu phat trien cita quoc gia. Ddi vdi moi trudng hgp thi giao dat ddng mgt vai trd rieng trong myc tieu ldng the ciia qudc gia, trong do giao dit khdng lhu tiln sir dung dat li mpl trong nhieu hinh thuc ma ngudi sii dyng dal cd quyin Igi nhu khdng phai tra lien sii dung dat va tra lien thue dat hing nam, luy nhien ngudi su dung dat cung cd nhOng ban che nhat djnh ve quyin irong qua trinh sii dung dit. Quy dal xay dyng try sd ca quan, cdng trinh su nghiep ciia cac don vj. Id chiic d nudc ta dugc Nhi nudc giao khdng thu tien sir dung dii chilm mgt dien ti'ch kha ldn. Chi do sir dung logi dat nay mang tinh dgc thii phuc vu cdng lac quin ly nha nudc, phat triln kinh tl - xa hpi va dam bao cdng bing trong qui trinh sii dyng dat.
Qua dinh gia thuc trang quan ly dit xay dung try sd co quan, cdng trinh su nghiep cho thay nhin chung viec quan ly quy dit nay dang timg budc dugc dn dinh va theo quy djnh phap lugt dit dai.
Ben canh do cdn xual hien tinh Irgng nhu sir dyng khdng hieu qua, cho thue, chuyin nhugng trai phep, bd hoang, de bj lan, bj chiem, chuyin myc dich sd dung, ty chia lam nha d,...Tir nhiing sai phgm do cho thiy cdn nhilu bit cap trong cdng tie quan ly, mdt so ke hd trong he thong chinh sach phap hiaL
^^8 Hgi nght Khoa hoc Dia ly Todn qudc ldn lhu6; ThdnhphdHui, 9/2012
jMi Pja ly va Tai nguygn M6i tru-ffng Thira Thicn Hug Hoi Dja iy Viyl Nam f)e ichac phuc dugc tinli trang nay ckn ap dung cac giai phap 6k xuit cr tren va ckn co su quan tam han Jjiia ciia cac cap chinh quyin, tap trung xay dung cac phucmg an di giai quyit nhirng t6n tai, vucng jnfic mpt each hieu qua nhat.
IAI LIEU THAM KIIAO
1. Bo Tai nguyen va moi trudng (2009), Bao cao kit qua liiim l<e quy dit nam 2008 cua cac to chiic dang quan ly, sir dung dugc Nha nuoc giao dit. cho thue dat theo Chi tlii si 31/2007/CT - TTg ngay 14 thang 12 nam 2007 cua Thij tugng Chinh phii.
2. Uat Dat dai 2003, NXB Chinh trj Quic gia. 2004
3. Nghj djnh 181/2004/ND-CP cua Chinh phii ngay 29/10/2004 vi thi hanh Luat Dit dai.
4. Nghj dinh 188/2004/ND-CP ciia Chinh phii ngay 16/11/2004 vi phugng phap xac djnh gia dit va khung gia eae loai dat.
"IA LY KINH TE - .XA I IOI. DIA LY CMINH TRI - QUAN SU
