Cac nhan to anh hifdng den viec iJng dung thirtfng mai dien tu"
trong cac DNNVV tinh Ben Tre
NGUYEN N G p C DCIY PHCTCfNG"
N G G Y I N XUAN VINH"
T o m t a t
NghiSn ciiu nham ddnh gia cac nhan to anh hudng den vtng dung thucfng mai dien tvc (TMDT) trong doanh nghiep nho va viia (DNNW) trin dia ban tinh Ben Tre. Ket qua nghien cvtu cho thay, viec ting dung TMDT tai cdc DNNW tren dia ban tinh Ben Tre hi tdc dong bdi 9 nhan to, ducfc sap xep tit manh nhdt den yi'u nhdt, nhu sau: Hd tra tit Chinh phu; Ap luc tU khdch hang; Khd ndng tuang thick; Thai d0 cua ngudi qudn ly; Ap lUc ti( nhd cung cd'p/ddi tdc; H6 tra, quantdm cua ngUdi qudn ly; Kii'n thvtc vi TMDT cua nhan viin; Nhan thtic vi lai ich cua TMDT; Ap lUc tii doi thu cqnh tranh. Tit ket qua nghien ciiu, nhom tdc gia da dua ra mot so ham y chinh sdch de gia tang Ong dung TMDT trong cdc DNNW finh Bin Tre.
Tit khoa: ifhg dung thuang mat dien tvt, doanh nghiep nhd vd vUa, tinh Bin Tre Summary
The study aims to evaluate factors affecting the adoption ofe-commerce in small and medium- sized enterprises (SMEs) in Ben Tre province. The fruit indicates that the aforementioned application is affected by nine factors, in decreasing order of influence, including Support from the Government; Pressure from customers; Compatibility; Attitude of manager; Pressure from supplier/partner; Supportandattentionofmanagers; Employees' understanding ofe-commerce;
Perception of e-commerce benefits; Pressure from competitors. From this finding, the authors provide some policy implications to boost the application of commerce in those SMEs.
Keywords; adoption ofe-commerce, small and medium-sized enterprises, Ben Tre province GIUI THIEU Nhitng nam qua, mac du chinh quyen tinh Ben Tre
da thin khai nhieu hoat dong nham khuyen khich phat Ngay 08/08/2016. Thu tifdng Chinh trien TMDT, nhUng nhftng hieu bie't han che'vl loi ich phu da ban hanh Quyet dinh so' 1563/ cua TMDT, cung nhuf tarn ly e ngai, chtfa chu dong QD-TTg ve phdduyetKehoachtongthe trong vi$c thay doi hudng kinh doanh... da phan nao ph^t tri^n TMDT giai doan 2016-2020. can trS den vi$c iJng dung TMDT trong cac DNNVV Trong do \ic dinh: TMDT la mot trong tren dia ban Tinh. Do do, nghien cuXi "Cac nhSn to' anh nhffng ket cau ha tang quan trong cua hifdng den viec iJng dung TMDT trong cac DNNVV linh VLfc thifdng mai va cua xa h6i thong trdn dia ban tinh Ben Tre" la that sif can thi6't.
tin; la phifdng thu"c giiip doanh nghiep _, Viet Nam d^y manh phat trien thi tnfdng CO Sd LY THUYET VA MO HINH NGHIEN CLTU trong nifdc va xua't - nhSp khau, tham gia
vac chuoi cung iJng toSn cau, giiip nSng Crf sd ly thuyet
cao nang lye canh tranh quoc gia trong Qua nghien cl?u, c6 6 ly thuyet thu'dng d^dc siJdung h6i nhap quoc te; gop phan day manh de nghien ciJu cac nhan to'anh hifdng den vi6ci?ng dung cong nghiSp hda, hien dai hoa dat nu'dc. c6ng nghe mdi hoac TMDT, cu the: Thuyet hanh ddng Dieu nay cho thay, TMDT c6 vai tro hdp ly (TRA - Theory Reasoned Action); Thuyet hanh het stfc quan trong, 1^ mSt trong nhffng vi hoach dinh (TPB - Theory of Planned Behavior);
phu'dng thiJc de phat tri^n nen kinh te Mo hlnh chSp nhan cong nghe (TAM - Technology cua nifdc nha. Acceptance Mode); Thuyet phd bien sif doi mdi
"Trifdng Dal hpc Quoc te - Dai hpc Quoc gia TP. Ho Chi Minh
•* v a n phong CJBMD t!nh B^n Tre
Ngdy nhan bai. 24/04/2020: Ngdy phdn bi?n: ]3/05/2020; Ngay duyet ddng: 25/05/2020
(DOI - The Diffusion of Innovation Theory); Thuyet ava tren nguon lUc (RBT - Resource-based Theory);
^nung C6ng ngh6, to chiJc va moi tnfdng (TOE - iechnological. Organizational and Environmental
^raniework). Trong do, khung TOE dtfdc phat trien ban dau bdi Tomatzky, Fleischer va Chaio-abarti (1990), CO 3 khia canh dnh hu^dng den vi6c ap dung cong nghe, 00 la: B^i cdnh cong nghe; Boi cdnh to chifc; B6'i canh moi tnfdng. Khia canh cong nghe d^ cap dS'n tinh kha dyng va daic di^m cija cong nghe, hen quan den ca c6ng nghe b6n trong va ben ngoai cong ty. Boi canh to chiJc mo ta cac dac diem va nguon life cua td chi?c, nhif: quy mo, cau true va qua trinh truyen thong. Khia canh mdi trUdng de cap den dae diem cua nganh cong nghiep va cau true thi tnfdng, ca sd vat chS't ha tang cong nghe, cac quy dinh cua chinh phu. Tuy nhien, da so cac ly thuyet va m6 hinh difde de cSp da khdng difa ra mot cdi nhin tokn dien trong viec iJng dung TMDT.
Mac dii cd nhi^u y kien tich ei/c ve TOE, nhifng vin cd nhi?ng Idi chi trieh ve ly thuyet nay. Ghobakhloo v^ Tang (2013) chi ra rang, m6 hinh nay bd qua cSc nhan to liSn quan den cic thuoc tinh cua nhSn vien V£l c£ic nha quan ly. Bo sung trong mo hinh nghien cifu cua L6 Van Huy va Tran Thi Cam Hai (2012), ngoai viec tinh d^n bdi canh cong nghe, to chiJc va moi tnfdng, thi nhdm tac gia da xem x€t cac nhan to H6n quan dS'n ngtfdi qudn ly cd anh hifdng tdi viec ^p dung TMDT cua cac DNNVV. Tid'p thu eSc ly thuy6't v^ cdc c6ng trinh nghifin ciJu cd lien quan, khung TOE difdc chgn lam cd sd nen tdng eho sif phdt tri6'n cua md hinh nghidn ciJu.
X3y diAig gia thuyg't va m3 hinh di xuS't TU cac 1^ thuyet va so sanh diem giong nhau nhieu nhat giifa cdc md hinh nghien ci?u cdc nhSn to' anh hu'dng iJng dung TMDT trong DNNVV, nghien ciJu difdc nhom tdc gia difa ra mpt sd' gia thuyet, cu th^ nhif sau:
(i) Mdi quan h$ giSa nh^n thik /(ft' ich cm TMDT vM Ung dung TMDT
Hien nay, TMDT da trd thanh cong cu quan trong dd^i vdi moi doanh nghiep trong hoat dong kinh doanh cua minh. Nhi^u nghien euM da tim thay "Idi the tifdn^
ddV la mdt nhan to quan trong, cung ed'p dong life de dp dung TMDT (Le Van Huy va Tran Thi Cam Hai, 2012). Tuy nhien, de phil hdp hdn dd'i vdi viec ap dung TMDT tai Viet Nam ndi ehung va tren dia ban tinh Ben Tre noi rieng, tac gia da thay th6' cum tijf "Idi the tifdng dd'i" thanh "Idi ich" cua TMDT. Nhifng idi ich trong viec ap dung TMDT cd the ke de'n, nhif: cung cd'p dich vu to't hdn eho khdch hang, tang doanh thu, gi^m chi phi va tdng Idi the' canh tranh. Tir do, nhdm tde gia de xua't gia thuyet sau:
TI • Nhgn thiJCc ve lai ich cua TMDT tdc dQng tich cuc de'n viic m dung TMDT trong cdc DNNVV.
(ii) Mdi quart ftf giOa khd ndng tUdng thick va ting dung TMDT
• i ^ ^ ngng tifdng thieh Id mifc do ma sif doi mdi difcic coi la phil hdp vdi cdc gid tri hien cd va nhu eau cua nhifti" ngifdi cd the chap nhgn sif dd'i mdi (Grover,
1993; Teo va Tan, 1998). Neu cde nha quan ly nhan thay cong nghe qud phitc tap, khdng phil hdp vdi doanh nghiep, thi ho cd the khdng chS'p nhSn trong viec tJng dung TMDT (Le^Vdn Huy va Tran Thi Cam Hai, 2012). 6 ddy, tdc gid ki^m tra gia thuye't viec iJng dung TMDT phij hdp vdi cdc gid tri ve mue tieu, cd sd vat chat ha tang cong nghe thong tin va hoat dong kinh doanh cua doanh nghiep. Tft do, nhdm tdc gia d l xua't gia thuye't sau:
H^: Kha nang tuang thich tdc dong tich cue den ihg dung TMDT trong cdc DNNW.
(Hi) Md'i quan hf giita sU sdn sdng cua doanh nghifp vd Ung d^ng TMDT
D^ giam thieu rui ro dau tif cho TMDT, cdc nha quan ly c^n bie't miJc dp san sdng de iJng dung TMDT tai to chifc cua ho.
Nhu eau phai cd mot cong cu do lifdng sir san sang TMDT cho doanh nghiep trd nen c^n thie't. Cac nha nghien cihi tnfdc da difa ra cac nhan to' ve nguon \\ic doanh nghiep, nhif: ngu6n li/c tdi chinh, nguon life v^ cong nghe (may tinh, dien thoai, cdp) ddng vai tro quan trong trong viec tfng dung TMDT (Le Vdn Huy vd Tran Thi Cam Hai, 2012). Tif do, nhdm tdc gia de xua't gid thuyet sau:
H^: Su sdn sdng cua doanh nghiep tdc dong tich ciic den dng dung TMDT trong cdc DNNVV.
(iv) Moi quan hf giOa kien thdt vi TMDT cua nhan vien vd ling d^ng TMDT
Teo vd Tan (1998) da tuyen bo r^ng, mot trong nhiTng nhifng ly do chinh cho viec khdng cha'p nhan internet la thi^u chuyen mdn ndi bg. Thuc te d Viet Nam, mot trong nhCfng khd khan Idn nha't cua cae doanh nghiep la viec thieu hut life lifpng cd tay nghe de ddp iJng nhu eau cong nghe cao va thie'u von dau tif de xay dimg ha tang c6ng nghe. Mat khae, chinh cae doanh nghiep chifa chiu hodc chifa cd dinh hu'dng chie'n lUdc ve TMDT, cung nhif chifa bie't each trien khai dif an TMDT tai doanh nghiep, chifa cung ca'p cho nhan vien mot sU nhan thiJc diing d^n ve tam quan trong ciia vice ihig dung TMDT trong doanh nghiep. TCf dd, nhdm tac gia d^ xuat gia thuyet sau:
H^: Kii'n thvcc ve TMDT cua nhan vien tac dong tich cue de'n dng dung TMDT.
(v) Moi quan hf giSu cdc nhan tdvi moi tri^fng vd vtng dung TMDT
Scupola va Jensen (2009) lap luan rang, nhan \6 quan trong nhat ve moi tnfdng anh hifdng den viec dp dung TMDT eua cac DNNVV la dp life khdch
hang. Nhieu nghien ctfu tim thay nhan td nay cd y nghia trong viec dp dung TMDT cua cac DNNVV (Scupola va Jensen, 2009; MoUa va Licker, 2004;
Ifinedo, 2011). Tif dd, cac gia thuye't sau day du-dc xay diJng:
_ H.: Ap luc lit doi thu canh tranh tdc dong tich cue de'n ling dung TMDT.
H^: Ap luc tH khdch hang tdc ddng tich cue denting dung TMDT.
Hy. Ap luc tvc dd'i tdc/nhd cung cdp tdc dong tich cue den viec ting dung TMDT.
(vi) Mdi quan he giiUi sU hd tr(f cua Chinh phu vd whg d^ng TMDT
Sif hS trd eua Chinh phu nhu tao dieu ki$n ve mat cd che', chinh sach cung dUdc coi la mot trong nhifng nhdn td' quyet dinh vide ap dung TMDT cua cdc DNNVV (Alrousan, 2015). Ben canh dd, DNNVV cd nguon li/e han che, vi vay hd trd tCf cd quan chiJc nang thdng qua cdc chinh sdch hoac cac quy tac cd the bao ve cdc ben lien quan ve giao dich kinh doanh, cung nhu" tao cd sd vat chd't ha tang ve cong nghe thdng tin de tao dieu kien thudn Idi trong vide iJng dung TMDT. TiJf do, nhdm tac gia de xufTt gia thuye't sau:
H^: Ho tra cua Chinh phu tdc dong tich cUc den ting dung TMDT.
(vii) Mdi quan h? giOa hd trof, quan tam cua ngittH qudn ly/chu sd hihi ve TMDT vd ling ditng TMDT
Theo Al-Somali va cdng sif (2011), ap diing ddi mdi thanh cong doi hoi siT hd trd tLf ngifdi quan ly de tich hdp doi mdi vao cac hoat ddng va quy trinh kinh doanh. Mot so'nghien CL?U cho tha'y rang, hd trd ciia ngifdi quan l;y cd anh hu'dng quan trong den viec ap dung TMDT cua cdc DNNVV (Ifinedo, 2011; Al-Somali va cdng sif, 2011; Scupola va Jensen, 2009). TCf dd, nhdm tac gia d^ xud't gia thuyet nhi^sau:
H^: H6 tra, quan tam vi TMDT cua ngitdi qudn ly/chu sd hHu tdc dong tich cue ddi vdi viec dp dung TMDT
(viii) Mdi quan h$ giSa thai d^ cua ngiM quan ly/chu sd hOu ve TMDT vd M>ig d{ing TMDT
Mpofu vd Watkins-Mathys (2011) nhan thay rang, thdi do eua nha qudn ly thiic day va cd anh hifdng tich cifc de'n viec dp dung TMDT. TOf do, tdc gid de xua't gia thuye't nhif sau:
H : Thdi do ciia ngUdi qudn ly/chu sd hQu vi TMDT tdc dong tich cUc de'n viec dp dung TMDT.
HINH: WO H I N H MGHIEN CCfa DE XGAT Cong nghe
- Nhan due loi icb.
- Kha nang tuong thich
16 ch^c - Su sin sang cua DN -Kiln thiic TMDT cuanhSn v
- A p b t -ApbD
Moi tnecmg tu doi thu canh [ranh tukhach hang 'Ap kc tirnha cung cap/doi tac -He tre -lia Chinh phu
Nguoi quan ly/cho so' hvu - Ho troi ciia ngirca quan ly - Thai dp cua n^6i quan [y
Wtt d$ ling dung TMDT - Cap 0 KhoDg ap dqng - C ^ 1. KetnSidien tu - C ^ 2 Ciasod^n tw - Cap 3 TuMig tac di^n tu - Cap 4 Giao dich di6n lu - Cip 5 Doanh ngb?p dien ttr
Nguon: INhom nghm
BANG 1: Hg SO TIN CAY CRONBACH'S ALPHA CUA CAC THANG DO TT
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
/ ^ & Nhan ttf NhEin thUc Idi ich ciia TMDT Kha nang tiTOng thich S3n sang cua doanh nghiep Kig'n thiJc ve TMDT cua nhan vien Ap life til' doi thu canh tranh Ap life tif khach hang Ap li/c tj^ nha cung cap/doi tac H6tr() cua Chinh phu
Ho trd, quan tam ciia ngifcti quan ly/chu sc( hffu Thai do cua ngtfcfi quan ly/chij sd hffu
D$ tin c4y 0 874 0 873 0 82ft 0.785 0.848 0.859 0.865 0.872 0.785 0.818 NgLK Ket qui
Tren cd sd dd, nhdm tac gia de xua't md hinh nghien cifu nhif Hinh.
Phufcfng phap nghien cihi
Di? lieu phan tich difde thu thap theo phu'dng phap chpn miu phi xac sua't, lay mau thuan tien trong khoang thdi gian tiif diang 10/2019 de'n thdng 11/2019. PhiftJng phdp thu thap thong tin difdc su" dung bang each giJi bdng cau hoi difdc soan san trifc tie'p de'n 300 DNNVV tren dia ban tinh Be'n Tre.
Ttr nht?ng thdng tin thu difdc qua 296 phie'u khao sat hdp le, du" Ueu thu thap du'dc nhdm tac gia tien hdnh phan tich dp tin cay eua ihang do thong qua he so'
BANG 2: KET QuA (TSC LtfONG MO HINH HOI QGY BINARY LOGISTIC Cdc bi§'n d^c l^p trong md tiinh
Nhan ihiJc ve Idi ich cua TMDT Kha nang tifdng thich cua DNNVV Su san siing cua DNNVV Kien thi?c ve TMDT cua nhan vicn Ap lu'c tCf doi thu canh tranh Ap life lit khach hang Ap iUc lif nha cung cap/doi iac Ho trd t&Cliinhphii
Ho trti, quan tam cua ngu'di quan ly/chii si'f hffu TMDT Kh^i do cua ngfftli quan ly/chu sd hUu
H | so B„
2^log itkeiihood Cox & Sncll R-Squari' Nagelkerke R Square
H^sfTB 0 15*
0 484' 0.009 0.174' 0.105"
0,564"
0 342' 1 524"
0.275 • 0.405' 5.029
S.E 0 393
0.25 0,257 0,3 0.258 0-24 0 253 0-407 0,313 0 377 1 326
Exp(B) 1,015 1.623 1.19 1.009 0.928 0 569 071 4,593 1 317 0.667 0-007 150.047 0.4 il 0 593
^plinibus Tests of Model Coeffii ienis Chi-square
1
*• miJtc y uglmi 5%; **. iniic y ngliia /7f 44-756 0.000 Cronbach's Alpha, phan tich nhan to kham phd (EFA), phan tich hoi quy nhi phan (Binary logistic), Ta't ca cdc cong CLi phan tich difdc thifc hien tren phan mem SPSS 21.0 {Bai vii't SVC dung each vie't sdlhqp phc'm theo chudn quoc te).KET QUA NGHIEN COU
Ki^m dinh do tin cay cua thang do
Bang I cho thay, tat ca deu dam bao do tin cay (> 0.6) vd 44 bien deu cd tifdng quan bie'n long > 0,3.
Nhif vay, khdng cd bie'n nao bi loai.
Phan tich EFA
Co 44 bien quan sat difdc difa vao phan tich theo tieu chuan Eigenvalues > 1. Sau khi tie'n hanh phan tich EFA Ian I, cd 7 bie'n quan sat khdng thda man yeu cau. nen tdc gia tien hanh loai cdc bien khdi md hinh va chay lai phan tich nhan to Ian 2.
Ket qua cho thay, cd 9 nhdm nhan to'difdc rut trieh tif 37 bie'n quan sat. He so tdi nhdn to'cua cac bie'n deu Idn hdn 0.5. Ket qud phan tich nhan to'cung eho thay, phu'dng sai du'dc giai thich 69.6^r (Idn hdn 50%). Dieu nay the hien rang, 9 nhan to' dulde trieh ra cd the giai thich difdc giin 70% bie'n thien cua dif lieu
Ket qua kiem dmh KMO \ a Barilett's cho chi so' Kaiser-Meyer-Olkm kha cao (0.912 > 0.5) va miJc y nghia bdng 0 (Sig. = 0.000). Do do, cd the ke't luan
phan tich nhan to' rat phii hdp vdi tap dil lieu.
Tif ke't qua phan tich EFA, cd 9 nhan td du'dc hinh thanh. Difa vao dp hdi tu cua thang do, cac nhan to difdc dat ten, nhif sau:
- Nhdm 1 (Nhan thtJc Idi ich ciia TMDT). cd 7 bie'n quan sdt la LI I, L12, L13,L14, LI6,L17, L18;
- Nhdm 2 (Kha nang tifdng thich). cd 8 bien quan sat la TTl. TT2. TT3. TT4.
TT5,TT6.TT7, TT8;
Nhdm 3 (Kien thiJc ve TMDT cua nhan vien), cd 3 bie'n quan sdt la KTNVl, KTNV2, KTNV3;
- Nhdm 4 (Ap life X\S dd'i thii canh tranh), cd 2 bien quan sat la ALDTCTl, ALDTCT2;
- Nhdm 5 (Ap life tif khach hang), cd 3 bien quan sat la ALKHl, ALKH2, ALKH3;
- Nhdm 6 (Ap lu'c tir nha cung ca'p). cd 2 bie'n quan sdt la ALNCC2, ALNCC3:
- Nhdm 7 (Hd trd cua Chinh phu), cd 4 bien quan sdt la HTCPI, HTCP2.
HTCP3, HTCP4:
- Nhdm 8 (Hd trd cua ngu'di quan ly/ehu sd hiJu doanh nghiep), cd 3 bie'n quan sdt la HTQLl, HTQL2, HTQL3;
- Nhdm 9 (Thai do cua ngifdi quan ly/
chu sd hflu), cd 5 bie'n quan sdt la TDQLI, TDQL2, TDQL3. TDQL4. TDQL5.
Phan tich hdi quy Binary logistic Ke't qua ifdc lu'dng md hinh hdi quy Binary logistic cho tha'y, kiem dinh gia thuyet ve dd phii hdp tong quan cd miJc y nghia Sig. - 0.000, nen bdc bo gia thuye't Hgla he so' hoi quy cdc bie'n doe lap bang 0.
De danh gia mifc do phu hdp t6ng quat cua md hinh Binary logistic di/a vao chi tieu -2Log likehood (-2LL). chi tieu -2LL cang nhd the hien dp phii hdp cang cao. Bang 2 cho tha'y. gia iri -2LL = 150.047 khdng cao. the hien mdc dp phii hdp ciaa md hinh tong the. Xdc xua't dif bao dung cua md hinh la 75.2% Trong 10 nhan to' difa vao md hinh, thi cd 09 nhan to' tac ddng de'n viec i?ng dung TMDT cua DNNVV tren dia ban tinh Ben Tre vdi mtfc y nghia la 5% va 1 % va 01 nhan to'khdng tdc ddng de'n \iec iJng dung TMDT.
KET LUAN
Ket qua nghien ciJu cho ihav. cd 9 nhan td'anh hifdng dd'n Ihig dunii T.MDT
trong DNNVV tren dia ban tinh Be'n Tre, nhiJng nhdn td' tdc ddng manh me de'n viec tfug dung nhu^g vdi miJc do anh hu'dng khdc nhau. TMDT cua doanh nghiep, nhUng cung cd tac ddng Trong cac nhan to' tdc ddng, thi "Su ho thuan chieu de'n viec u^ng dung TMDT.
tr0 cua Chinh phu " cd tdc ddng manh hdn Tren cd sd cac kd't qua nghien cu^i, nhdm tde gia de '^^^ " ^ ^ " ^^ ^^" '^' ^^' ^^^ ddng bien eua xulft mot so giai phdp nham thiic day den cde DNNVV nhan td nay len xac sua't doanh nghiep iJng dung TMDT nhu" sau:
cd u'ng dung TMDT hdn 4.59 Ian, cho V^'^H-Ad/TfrcMaC/HnAp/ia. Can tie'p tuc day manh thdy mu'c dd quan trpng cua nhdn to' nay cdng tac tuyen truyen, pho bid'n kie'n thiJc va cae Idi ich
*^,^"J'ec u'ng dung TMDT cua DNNVV ve iJng dung TMDT, khuyen khich cac doanh nghiep la rat Idn. Thu' hai la "Ap lu'c tCf khdch chii ddng tri€n khai iJng dung TMDT de nang cao hieu hang", hien nay khach hang ngay cang qua sdn xuat, kinh doanh; Cd cde chifdng tiinh de hd cd xu hifdng thich cac doanh nghiep u'ng trd DNNVV cai dat midn phi trang website, su* dung dung cdng nghe mdi vao hoat ddng kinh miln phi trong giai doan dau, ma khdng td'n bat ky doanh cua minh, do dd cac doanh nghiep khoan chi phi ndo.
cung bi dp life tij' phia khdch hdng thlic Vi nhan to ben trong vd ben ngoai doanh nghi$p.
day ifng dung TMDT. Thd' ba la "Khd Can ra soat lai mue tieu, cd sd vat ch^ft ha t^ng cdng ndng tifdng thich" giffa viec iJng dung nghe thdng tin, hoat ddng, quy trinh, nganh nghe kinh TIVIDT vdi cdc gid trj cua doanh nghiep. doanh cua doanh nghiep d^ xem xet sif phu hdp trong Cac nhan to cdn lai gom: Ap lye tif nha viec Ung dung TMDT; Cdn ndng cao kien thiJc ve cung eap/dd'i tdc; Ho trd cua ngu'di quan TMDT cua nhdn vien, dong thdi ban dian nhffng ngu'di ly; Kie'n thiJc v l TMDT cua nhdn vien; qudn ly/chu s6 hiTu doanh nghiep cung can tich cifc Nhdn thiJc v l Idi ich cua TMDT; Ap life tham gia cac chifdng trinh, dif an cua cac cd quan nhd ve dd'i thu canh tranh, tuy khdng phai la nifdc ve TMDT.Q
J A I LIEU THAM K H A O _ 1. UBND tinh Ben Tre (2019). Bdo cao tinh hlnh thuc hien Ki'hoach tong the phdt trien TMDT
tren dia ban tinh Ben Tre giai doan 2016-2020
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