TAP CHi KHOA HQC Q U A N LV GIAO DUC D ^ ' f O 86 02/2014
D 6 I M O I CONG TAC QUAN LY N G U 6 N TAI TRO C O A C A C TRU'ONG HOC
T R A N TH! H A O "
TOM T A T :
Tai trg eho giio due dwgc nhi nwde khuyen khich, nham tang ewdng ea sd vgt chat trwdng Idp, ho trgi hogt dgng d^y - hgc, hoat dgng giio due tai cic ca sd giio due.
D0t vin di doi mdi cdng tic quin ly nguon tii trg cOa cic trwdng hgc trong tlnh hinh doi mdi cin bin, toan dign giio due vi dio tgo hign nay, ngwdi viit dwa ra di xuit ip dung ly thuyit Quan ly theo kit qui (PMS - Management System) khi thwc hi4n cdng tie niy.
2.DATVANDe
Quan ly theo kit qua duge ra ddi tu nhung nam 1980 eua thd ky XX. Phuang phdp quan ly ndy ra ddi nhdm ddp dng vide kilm sodt vd nang cao hipu qua xd hpi thiet thuc eua ede dy dn ddu tu eua ede t l chdc quoe t l nhu WB. ADB, UNDP, cdc dy an ddu tu vd tdi trp eua ehinh phu Hoa Ky.
Phuang phdp quan ly nay da Idm cho nhilu ehiln Iupc. nhilu dy dn dugc kilm sodt tot han, cd hidu qua vd mang Iai nhieu Igi ieh cho xa hpi. Phuang phdp nay cung dd duge dp dyng thdnh edng, ed higu qua trong khu vye quan Iy edng d cac nudc Anh, My, Canada, Oc vd mOt so nude d chdu A. Xu hudng vgn dyng phuang phdp, md hinh quan Iy theo kit qua dang lan rOng ra nhilu nudc vi tinh hipu qua cua nd, d nudc ta cQng dd, dang tdng budc dp dyng phuang phdp nay vdo trong quan Iy thuOc ede ITnh vyc khde nhau: kinh t l . glao dye, the thao...
Hidn trong quan ly hdnh chinh edng dang dp dyng phuang phdp ndy vdi md hinh "mOt eua" duae sy ding thudn eao eua nhdn ddn.
Ban chit eua quan ly ede nguon tdi trg rlt phQ hpp vdi vigc vdn dyng phuang phdp quan ly theo k i t qua. Cac kit qua trung gian trong quan ly nguin tdi trp nhilu khi khong cd gid tri gi nlu kit qua cuoi ciing khdng dgt dugc. Vi dy: k l hogch xdy dyng vd phSt triln moi quan hd cua nha trudng vdi nhd tdi trg rat hodn hao, noi kit dugc vdl rlt nhilu nha tdi trg, Idnh dgo trudng ndm vdng va van dyng edc nguyen tie tdi trg theo dung bai ban tuy nhien cuoi cung Igi khdng thyc hidn dugc myc tieu dd d l ra: cd nguon tdi trp cy thd vd su dyng hpp ly. hipu qua nguin tdl trp do phye vy ede hogt dOng gido dye trong nhd trudng gdp phln nang eao ehit lugng chung cua dan vj.
2. VAl NET K H A I Q U A T V ^ V A N Dt TAI TRO CHO CAC TRU'ONG HpC
Tdi trp cho gido dye dupe nhd nudc khuyin khieh. nhlm tang eudng ca sd v^t chit trudng Idp. ho trg hoat dpng dgy - hgc, hogt dOng gido dye tai ede ca sd gido dgc, thyc hign tot chu truang xa hpi hod gido dgc.
Lugt Gido dye nam 2005, Dieu Id trudng hpc, Oilu Id ban dgi didn eha mp hpc sinh vd mOt s l thdng tu nhu: TT s l 29/2012/rr- BGDOT ngdy 10 thdng 9 nam 2012 quy djnh v l tdi trp eho cdc ca sd gido dye thuOc hd thdng gido dye quoc ddn. TT so 19/2005/TT- BTC ngdy 11 thdng 3 nam 2005 cua Bp Tdi
"Thgc si. Tnrdng CSn bO quan ly gido dye ThSnh phi Ho Chl Minh.
56
TRAN THI HAO chinh hydng dan vide eOng khai tdi chinh d l i
vdi cdc quy cd nguin td ngan sdeh nhd nudc vd cdc qu? cd nguin td edc khodn dong gdp cua nhdn ddn, Thdng ty s l 09/2009/TT-BGI3BT ngdy 07 thdng 5 ndm 2009 cua BO Giao dgo vd Bdo tao ban hdnh Quy c h l thyc hipn cdng khai d l i vdi co sd gido dge ega he thing gido dgc qgle dan...
da ed nhdng qgy djnh eg t h i ve mgc dich tdi try, edeh qgan ly nggOn tdi try, d l i typng nhdn tdi tro, nhd tdi try, hlnh thdc tdi try, nhdng nggyen tic tdl trp, nghTa vg va trdeh nhidm eiia thg trydng dan vj trong qgan ly nggIn tdi trp... Cd t h i khdi qgdt vdi dilm chinh sau day:
Tii trp cho ttuong hpc gdm: Tai trp co sd vat chit phge vg giang day, hpe tap vd hoat dpng eua trydng hpe. Tdi try hpc bing chp hpc sinh, sinh vidn. Tdi try eho cdc eupc thi ve cdc mOn hpc dypc giang day trcng trydng hpe md dli typng tham gia dy thi Id ngydi hpc. Tdi try cho cac hoat dOng thydng xuydn cua nhd trydng.
Nguyin tic tii tn? cho cic tnr&ng hpc:
Cde CO sd gido dge khong coi huy dpng tdi trp la dllu kidn ehp vipc eung d p djeh vg giao dgc vd khflng quy djnh mde tdi trp eg thi dli vdi cde nhd tdi try. Cde khpan tdi try d n dype tilp nhan, qgan IJ va thyc hipn mflt edeh hipu qua, tudn thii dung quy djnh eOa phdp ludt hipn hdnh. Cdc nhd tai trp khong gin dilu kidn rdng buflc vide tdi try vdi vipc thg hydng dich vg gido dge hodc qgyIn khai thdc lyi Ieh kinh t l phdt sinh td cde khoan tdi try cho co sd giao dgc. Vipe qgan ly vd sd dgng cdc khodn tai try phai dam bao nggyen t i e cflng khai, minh bach
NhiSm vp cua hiSu tnrong trong quan if cic nguon tH tiv: Hipg trudng ede trydng phli hyp vdi nhd tai try to chyc triln khai cfl hipu qga cdc khoan tdi try cho ea sd gido dgc. Chii dpng d l xg|t vdl nhd tai trp v l thd
ty nhipm vg yg tien trong viec sy dgng cde khoan tdi trp d l tdng cudng co sd vdt chit trydng Idp, h i try hoat dflng day - hpc, hopt dflng gido dge phii hyp vdi ke hoach phdt triln cua co sd gido dge. Thdnh lap bfl phan tilp nhan cde khoan tdi try ciia eo sd gido dge. Lap k l hoach quan ly cde nguin tdi try.
Chju trdch nhidm bao odo, giai trinh ede don vj cd chdc ndng gidm sdt, kiem tra, thanh tra vide quan ly vd sd dgng cde khoan tai trp tai c o s d gido dgc...
3. 0 6 X U A T H U - O N G 0 6 | M O I CONG TAC Q U A N LY N G U 6 N TAI T R 9 C O A CAC BON Vj TRLfONG HQC
3.1. D l xult va li do d l xult hydng dli mdi
Bi xuit: Van dgng ly thgylt Qgan ly theo kit qga (PMS) trong qgan ly cdc nggln tdi trp cda trydng hpc
Li do di xuit: Boi mdi cflng tac qgan Iy ndi ehgng va dli mdi cflng tae qgan ly nguon tdi trp cua edc don vi trydng hpc ndi ridng Id mflt trong nhdng dilm da dyyc xde djnh trong Nghj quyit hfli nghj Trung yong Bang Cpng san Viet Nam khda XI.- "Bit m&i cin tiin, toin dipn giio dpc vi dio tpo li dil m&i nhiing vin di l&n, cot Bi, cip thiit, tir quan diim, tw twang chi dpo din mpe tieu, npi dung phwang phip, ca chi chinh sich, aiu kiin dam bio thpc hipn; doi m&i tir sp ianh dpo cua Bing, sy quan If cua Nhi nw&o din hopt dpng quan trj cua cic ca s& giio dpc - dio tpo vi viec tham gia cda gia dinh, cpng ding, xa hpi vi ban than ngwai hpc; dii m&i
& tit ci cic bpc hpc nginh hpc".
Thyc tien quan ly edc nguin tai try ciia trydng hpc hidn nay dang ddng tryde nhieu cy hfli eOng nhy rlt nhilu thdeh thyc buflc phai cd nhyng thay dfli tich eye d l dat dype cdc myc tidu da de ra. Sy thay doi dd se han ehi dype thip nhlt cae sai phpm, ede rui ro nghi nghidp trong qud trinh quan ly ngufln
TAP CHi KHOA HOC Q U A N LV GIAO DUC Sd 02/2014 tdi trp md mdt sd trudng dang gdp phai hidn
nay nhu: bj cdc nhd tai trg Ipi dyng vd ngugc Igi Igi dyng ede nhd tai trp, eae khoan tdi trg d l tu tQi. khflng ttm dugc nhd tdi trg, khdng tim dugc ngufln tai trg. su dyng sai quy djnh hodc khdng bilt each su dyng ed hipu qua cde nguon tdi trg... Su thay doi dd rd rdng phai di theo hudng tinh hidu qua bin vdng, tdn dyng cdc ca hfli dd thye hidn thdnh cdng edc mye tidu cua nhd trudng.
Phuang phap Quan ly theo kit qua (PMS) Id mpt phuang phdp quan ly mang tinh khoa hpc. Phuang phdp ndy tap trung vdo tinh hidu qua va hieu Iye cua hd thing quan Iy thdng qua vigc hogch dinh chiln luge, thudng xuydn theo ddi ddnh gid cdc kit qua hogt dOng, ehuyin cde du lieu ndy tdi cdc d p quan ly, tgo kdnh thdng tin phan hli cho qud trinh ra quyit djnh,.. Quan Iy theo kit qua Id quan Iy d l "hoan thdnh kit qua cua cdng vigc" han Id quan ly d l "hodn thdnh cdng vide". Quan ly theo kit qua Id hudng din kit qua culi cQng han Id cde kit qua trung gian. Quan ly theo kit qua ddi hdi nhung chudn tdc chat che, hp thing gidm sdt vd ddnh gid dupe coi nhu cdng ey de thu nhgp dd ligu ve kit qua thue thi cflng vy, giQp edc nhd Ianh dao ed thd quan ly hidu qua han de dgt kit qua du kiln vd mye dich cua to ehde md hg ddng dau.
3.2. Cac vdn dd quan trong c&n chu y khi dp dyng phuang phap quan ly theo k i t qud trong quan ly ngudn tai tra cua nha trudng
Xie djnh thwc trang vin di quan Ip nguin til trg cOa nhi trwdng: Nha quan ly phai tra Idi chinh xde edu hdi: hien trgng quan ly nguon tdi trp eua dan vi hidn nay nhu the ndo? Nd cd nhung uu dilm va cde ton tgi noi bdt ndo? Cdc nguyen nhan d i n ddn uu dilm va tin tgi do la gl? Ddy la mOt phdn r l t quan trpng khi dp dyng phuang phdp Quan ly theo
kit qud. Vin d l ndy dugc gpi Id ky thudt xdy dyng cdy vin d l . Cdc nguyen nhdn, ede tin tgi, cde mgc tidu dupe bilu thj dudi dgng hlnh cdy. Trong Quan Iy theo kit qua thi nhd qudn ly sd chQ y tdp trung, uu tidn giai quyit phln gle (edc nguydn nhdn) roi mdi din giai quyit phln ngpn (cdc ton tgi) cua cdy vdn d l . Do dd cdy vdn d l id ca sd d l d l xult mOt tdp hpp edc nhidm vy vd giai phdp quan ly nguon tdi trg nham hoan thanh myc tidu culi cQng ddt ra. Cdy vdn d l xdy dung cdng tit thi edng de de ra edc nhiem vy, giai phdp phQ hgp. kha thi.
Xic (Tinh mue tiiu quin Ip nguin til trg cOa nhi trwdng: V i n de ndy gdi gpn trong cdu tra Idi can ed cho cdu hdi: ChQng ta cdn dgt dupc edi gi. d mue dO ndo? Trong quan ly theo kit qua, vigc xac dinh myc tidu. tdc Id kit qua cudi cQng eye ky quan trpng. VI ehQng ta khdng chQ trpng quan ly kit qud trung gian md tdp trung quan ly kit qua culi cQng. Vide xde djnh mue tidu. hay kit qua culi eQng d n dat se chi phoi d i n tit ea cdc hogt dpng trung gian trong qud trinh quan Vf, din vige lya chpn cac bipn phdp nhdm dgt dupe kit qua cuoi cung. V l mye tie<j eua quan ly edc nguon tdi trg, kit qua cuoi cung cQa quan ly nguin tdi txg, da dugc xde S\n\\
khd ey thi. Od Id: thu hut dupe edc nguin tdi trg vd su dyng higu qua cac nguin tdi trp dd trong vipc tdng cudng ca sd vgt chit trudng Idp, h i trp hogt dOng dgy hpc vd cdc hogt dOng gido dye khac eua dan vi.
Xie (Tinh cac bidn phip quin Ip: Ody Id tdp hgp mOt hp thong edc bipn phdp quan Iy nguon tdi try dk dgt duyc myc tidu culi eQng. Cdu hoi ddt ra cho vdn d l Id: chQng ta d n ldm gl d l dgt dugc mye tidu?
o l u tidn, quan trpng nhat trong v^n dyng phuang phdp quan ly theo k i t qua Id nhd quan Iy phai xdy dyng dupe mOt hd thing do Iudng trung gian (du khdng tdp trung vdo
TRAN TH! HAO vide xde djnh kit qua ndy) vd do Iudng kit
qua culi eung, kit qua dau ra. Hd thong do Iudng ndy phai ed edc chi s l do Iudng ey thi, trdnh ehung ehung. Nhdng eh? so do Iudng ndy la edng cy d l ddnh gid mdc dO hodn thdnh kit qua cdng vide cua cdc cd nhdn, tdp t h i nhd trudng trong viec thyc hidn mye tidu dd neu d phln trdn. Cdc chi s l do ludng kit qua trong quan ly nguin tdi trg v l nhdn thdc, thdi dO, IdP k l hoaeh, phuang phdp xdy dyng mdi quan hd vdi nhd tdi trg khdng phai Id ehi s l quan trpng nhlt. md phai chu y d i n ehi s l do ludng v l s l lupng, gid tri ede nguin tdi trg vd sy su dung hdu ich, hpp ly ede nguin tdi trp dd de tang cudng ca sd vdt chit, ho trg cho eae hogt dOng dgy - hpe, ede hogt dOng gido dye khdc cua dan vj.
Tilp theo Id edc nhd quan ly phai cd nhdng hogch djnh ve tdi chinh, ca sd vat chat, nhdn sy de thyc hiOn vipe xdy dyng vd phat trien moi quan he vdi cdc nhd tdi trg, cdc bdn lidn quan khde dd tim kilm ede nguon tdi tdi trg, su dyng eac nguon tdi trg hidu qua. V l cde ehi phi tdi chinh trong quan ly edc nguon tdl trp bao gIm chi tilp khdeh, to chuc cde sy kign thu hQt nhd tdi trg hoge tri dn. vinh danh nha tdi trg, khen thudng cho cde ed nhdn, dan vj tham gia dgt kit qua eao trong cdng tdc ndy. Vd ea sd vdt chat su dyng trong edng tae quan ly ngudn tdi trp se bao gIm ede mdy mde, thilt bj h i trg eho edc cdng tdc nhu luu tru, sogn thao cac van ban, k l hogeh. hgp ding, dy dn, h i trg ede hogt dOng, cde sy kidn nhlm thu hQt edc nhd tdi trg, tim kiem cdc nguon tdi trp. Vd nhdn sy tham gia edng tdc quan ly, thyc hipn tim kilm, thu hQt, su dyng nguon tai trg se bao gom higu trudng nhd trudng - chju trdch nhidm chinh, vd todn thd vidn chuc eua nhd trudng sd tham gia thyc hign theo sy ehi dgo Chung cua hidu trudng. Cdc nhdn sy se theovj tri cdng tdc. trdeh nhigm dupe giao
ey the de chu dOng, sdng tgo thyc hidn nhipm vy cua minh nhdm dgt duge kit qua cuoi cQng, dgt dupc myc tidu dd dupc xdy dyng eO'^ "dng tdc ndy. Hidu trudng vd cde ed nhdn se dung dyng cy do ludng dd do kit qua cuoi eQng d l ddnh gid, dieu chinh vd cd hudng phdt triln mdi tilp theo.
Tdm Igi, vdn dyng phuang phdp Quan ly theo kit qua (PMS) vao quan ly cae nguin tdi trp cua trudng hpc Id chQng ta xdy dyng mOt hg thong cdc bign phap tren ea sd myc tidu da d l ra, giai quyit rot rdo tdn gle r l cdc nguydn nhdn d l dgt dupe kit qua culi cung. Vdn dyng dung cdch. linh hogt phuang phdp quan ly ndy chle ehln cde higu trudng se hgn che dugc toi da cdc t i n tgi, vudng mac trong edng tdc quan ly nguon tdi trg hipn nay cua dan vj trudng hpc, gdp phdn thuc hien thdnh edng chu truang doi mdi todn dign. can ban gido dye eua Oang vd Nhd nudc ta.
T A I L I | U THAM K H A O
1. Ban Chip hdnh Trung uang (2013). Nghj quyit 29-NQTW Hgi nghj Trung wang 8 khda XI" vi doi mdl cin bin. toin dien giio due vi dio tao. dip wng ydu cau edng nghigp hda, hi$n dgi hda trong diiu ki$n kinh ti thj trwdng djnh hwdng xi h0i ehu nghfa vi h0i nhgp quoe ti".
2. Nguyen Thj Doan va cdc tdc gia (1996), Cic hgc thuyit quin ly, Nxb Chinh tri quoc gig.
3. Phgm Minh Hgc vd cac tae gia (1997), Xa h^l hda edng tic giio due, Nxb Gido dye Hd NOi.
4.Trdn Kidm (2008). Khoa hgc quin lp giio due - Mgt so vin de Ip lu$n vi tht/c tiin, Nxb Dgi hge Su phgm, Hd NOi.
5. Harold Koontz vd ede tde gia (1998), NhOTig vin di cot yiu eua quin ly, Nxb Khoa hpe - ky thudt.
TAP CHl KHOA HOC QUAN LY GlAO DUC S6 02/2014 6. Trydng Cdn bfl quan ly giao dgo Thdnh educational activities in the educational phi H i Chl IVlinh (2012), Tii lipu bii dw&ng institutions.
cin bp quin If trw&ng phi thong, TP.Hl Chl uentioning the renovation on the funding '^'""' management of the school in the radical, ABSTRACT comprehensive education and training
Funding for education is encouraged bf - ^ ^ ^ ' ^ ^ "^^y- '"^ ""'fj " ' ^ ' " ^ / ^ ">
the state in orderto enhance school facilities, ^ f " ' ' " ^ rn^nagement ttieotf fPms support teaching studying activities, Management Sfstem) to perfom, this task
