Tap chl Khoa he: og nghe !\dng nghiep Vie; Nam -S6 5r' -' A'A' Length and weight were measured at 7 days interval (0; 7^, 14 , 21 , 28 day) and immune parameters were recorded at the day of 0; 15* and 30"^. The results showed that the length and weight were mcreased and the difference between treated group and control group was significant (p < 0.05) alter 21 days and 28 days, respectively The relative ^^•eieht growth rate increased by 59.9% and the length (LG) increased by 23.3%. The total hemoeytes cells granulocytes and hyaline cells increased, and showed a significant difference (p < O05). The probiotics also well protected shrimp from AHPND after 30 days of feeding with the mortaiit>' in 14 days of infection of 23.33 ± 5.77%. significantlv lower (p < 0.05) than positive control by 53.33 ± 5.77%. The relative percentage survival of AHPND was 56.25'^o. ' Keywords: white leg shrimp, synthetic probiotics, immunity, growth, probiotics. acute hepatopancreatic necrosis disease (AHPND)
Ngdy nhdn bdi: 20/4/2020 Xgudi phdn bien: TS. Le Van Khdi Ngay phin bien: 5/5/2020 Xgav duyet dang: 20/5/2020
ANH HI/6NG CUA CAC NGUON CACBON LEN T A N G TRUING
VA TY LE SONG TRONG l/ONG AU TRUNG TOM C A N G XANH
{Macrobrachium rosenbergii) BANG CONG NGHE BIOFLOC
Le Thanh Nghi', Ph^m Minh Truyen', Chau Tai Tao', Nguyen V^n Hda'. Trdn Ngpc Hai' T O M TAT
Nghien eflu nhdm xac dinh ngudn cacbon thich hpp eho tang trfldng, ty le sdng vi nang sudt eua au irung vi hiu du trung Idm cing xanh. Thi nghiem gdm 4 nghiem thflc bd sung cdc ngudn cacbon lan Iflpt Id (i) nghiem thflc ddi ehflng (khdng bo sung cacbon); (ii) bdt gao, (lii) cdm gao va (iv) dfldng cdt, mat dp flong 60 con/L. Be fltfng cd the tich 500 lit, dp man 12%o. Ket qua nghien cflu eho thay sau 35 ngay Utfng. cac chi tieu mdi trfldng. biofloc va cdc chi tieu VI sinh nim trong khodng thich htfp cho tdm sinh trfldng vi phit tnen lot. Tdm PL-15 d nghiem thflc bd sung dudng eat cd tang trfldng ve chieu dai (11.7 ± 0,3 mm), ty le sdng (59,3 ± 8,7 %) va nang suat (35.573 ± 5.219 con/m') eao nhat khic biet cd y nghia thdng ke (p < 0,05) so vdi cdc nghiem thfle eon lai Vi vay ed the ket ludn ring, bd sung dfldng cit trong fltfng au trung tdm cang xanh bang cdng nghe biofloc cho kel qui tdt nhal
Tfl khda: Au triing tdm cdng xanh, biofloc, nguon cacbon, tang trfldng. ty- le sdng
1. DAT VAN DE dfldng chat tfl nhien, gidm d nhiem mdi trfldng.
Tdm cdng xanh (Macrobrachium rosenbergii) Id Cho den nay died cdc cdng trinh fltfng au trung tdm lodi tdm nfldc ngpl ed kich thfldc ldn, thit thtfm ngon ^^dng xanh bing cdng nghe biofloc (Pham Vin Day, CO gii tri dinh dfldng eao, dfltfc fla chudng vd dflpc 2018; Trdn Ngpc Hdi vd ctv., 2019). Tuy nhien, de nudi chfl yeu d chdu A. Sdn Iflpng tdm cing xanh ddnh gid dnh hfldng cua cac ngudn cacbon len tang todn cdu nam 2014 dat 216.856 tan (FAO, 2018). trfldng, ty le sdng va nang sudt cua hdu du trung tdm Tuy nhien, trd ngai Idn nhat cua \'iet Nam ddi vdi cang xanh flong bang cdng nghe biofloc Id rat can nghe nudi tdm cang xanh hien nay la thieu con gidng thiet nhdm gdp phan hodn thien quy trinh flong au vi ehit lflpng gidng khdng dam bao. De tim dflpc trung tdm cdng xanh bang cdng nghe biofloc lfl dd glii phdp cho nghe san xual giong tdm cdng xanh flng dung vio thflc te san xuat.
theo hfldng an todn sinh hoc thi viec flng dung cdng
nghe biofloc trong fltfng au trung Idm cdng xanh de H- VAT LIEU VA PHl/ONG PHAP NGH1£N CCU tao ra con gidng chat lflpng cao phuc vu cho nghe 2.1. Vat Heu nghien cflu
nudi Id rat can thiet. Theo Mcintosh vd cdng tdc vien
(2000) biofloc cd tdc dung nhfl la che pham sinh hpc ^•^•^- ^S"on nUdc thi nghiem
vd ed nhieu vai trd quan trpng trong viec on dinh Ngudn nfldc thi nghiem dflpc pha tfl ngudn mdi trfldng nfldc, an toan sinh hpc, ngin ngfla mam nfldc miy thinh phd vdi nfldc dt (dp min 80%o benh, lam thflc dn trflc tiep eho tdm, ting cfldng dflpc lay tfl rudng mudi d huyen Vinh Chdu, tinh 'Hpc vien cao bpc khda 25;- Nghien cflu sinh nudi trdng ihuy sdn Khda 2017
' Khoa Thuy sdn - Trfldng Dai hoc Can ThP
nep Via Nan ioSjild) QO20 Sdc T r i n g ) . dc lao t h i n h nfldc cd d p m a n 1 2 V sau d d dfltfe xii ly b a n g e h l o n n e vdi n d n g do 50 p p m , spc k h i m a n h c h o het Iflpng c h l o r i n e t r o n g nfldc, sfl d y n g s o d i u m b i c a r b o n a t e n i n g d p k i e m len 100 m g C a C O , / L ( C h i u T i i T i o vd T r a n M i n h Phfl. 2015) rdi b o m v i o b e flong q u a d n g vi lpc 1 p m trfldc k h i b d tri au t r u n g .
2.1.2. Nguon du tritng tdm cdng xanh C h p n t d m cang xanh me mang t n i n g mdu xdm den, chat Iflpng tdt, k h d e m a n h , kich cd tfl 50 - 80 g/con, mdu s i c tUtfi s i n g cho vitf be i p nd cd the tich 500 lit, d p m a n 12%o. Sau khi trflng n d t h i n h au trflng, c h p n au trflng cd tinh hfldng q u a n g m a n h d e bd tri ihi n g h i e m .
2.1.3. Tao biofloc
Biofloc dfltfe lao b i n g cdc ngudn cacbon tfl bdt gao ed 73,4% C. cam gao ( c i m lau min) cd 50''o C, dfldng cat (Bien Hda Pure) cd 55,54".. C. c i c n g u d n cacbon ndy dflpc phdn lich d T r u n g tdm ky thudl tieu c h u a n d o Ifldng chal Iflpng Can ThP. Cdc n g u d n cacbon dflpc p h a b i n g nfldc am 6 0 ' C . voi ty 1^ 1 : 3 (1 dfldng : 3 nfldc t h e o khdi Iflpng), k h u i y deu, va fl
t r o n g 48 gid trfldc k h i c h o v i o b e fltfng t • * ''^''"^^
thflc bd s u n g c i c n g u d n c a c b o n d p a t h e .'"^ '''^''•
i n n h i n lao sfl d y n g l i Lans\ PL c o i^ V protein.
n g u d n cacbon dflpc b d s u n g 3 n g i y m p t lan dua Ircn Ifltfng thflc i n c h o t d m t r o n g 3 ngd\ L u p n g eaebon c a n bd s u n g vdo be d e tao biofloc dflpe t i n h dija i h e o c d n g thflc cua A v n i m e l e c h (2015).
2.2. P h U P n g p h a p n g h i e n cflu 2.2.1. Bd tri thi nghiem
Thi n g h i e m flong du iriing i d m cdng x a n h dfldc b d tri t r o n g be c o m p o s i t e 500 lit, d d m a n 12 %o, m a t d p 60 c o n / L vd b d tri hodn l o a n ngau n h i e n vdi 4 n g h i e m thflc cdc n g u o n c a c b o n k h a c n h a u l i n g h i e m thflc ddi chflng ( k h d n g b d s u n g c a c b o n ) , bd s u n g bpt gao, c i m gao va dfldng cdt, m d i n g h i e m thflc dfltfc lap lai 3 Ian.
2.2.2. Chdm sdc vd qudn ly be Udng
Au t r u n g vd h i u au t r u n g t d m c a n g x a n h dflpc chtf an theo bdng 1. T r o n g t h d i gian flPng k h d n g thay nfldc, sue khi lien tuc d e d a m b a o sfl Itf Iflng cua hat biofloc
Bang I. Bang hfldng d i n cho au trung vd hau au triing torn cing xanh a I Giai d o a n au Irung
' Giai doan I Giai doan 2 - 3 I Giai doan 4 - 5
G i 3 i d o a n 9 - P L 1 5
AU trung (AT) artemia Thxic dn Lansy PL
•Au iriing artemia Thflc an Lansy PL Au trflng urfewiifl 'Ihfle an Lansy PL Au trung ur(e»ii(i
Lflpng thflc i n S o l a n c h o a n K h d n g c h o a n
I .\T artemialml nfldc fltfng 2 lan/ngdy (7 h v i 17 h) 1 g/mVlan
3 -Vr artemia/mL nfldc flong L5 g/m'/lan
3 AT artemia/m\ nfltfc flOng 2 g/m'/lan
4 AT artemia/ml nfldc flong
3 lan/ngay (8 h, 11 h v a 1 4 h ) I lan/ngdy (17 h) 3 lan/ngdy (8 h, i 1 h vd 14 h) I l a n / n g a y ( 1 7 h ) 3 lan/ngay (8 h, II h v a 14 h) 1 lan/ngay (17 h) 2.2.3. Cdc chi tieu theo doi vd thu mdu phdn tich
- C h i lieu mdi trfldng nfltfc: N'hiet dd d o b i n g nhiet ke. p H d o b d n g mdy d o p H , cdc chi tieu ndy d o 2 l a n / n g d y (8 b vd 14 h ) . D p kiem, T.AN v i N O , d i n h ky thu m a u 7 ngay/lan. Ddi vdi dp kiem dflpc phdn tieh b d n g phfltfng p h d p c h u a n d d acid, T.-\N dfltfc phdn lich b d n g phfltfng p h i p P h e n a t e vd N O dflpc p h d n lich b d n g phUtfng p h d p D i a z o n i u m ( A P H A . 2 0 0 5 ) .
- CAC chi tieu t h e o ddi t d m : Chi sd bien thai c u a i u trflng (I SI) dfltfc xac d i n h 3 n g i y / 1 lan, m d i lan thu ngau n h i e n 10 au t r u n g / b e . chi sd bien thai cua au trflng Idm c a n g x a n h thetf ddi d e n ngay thfl 2 1 . C hieu ddi au trflng va h i u du t r u n g dflpc d o d cac
giai d o a n 1 , 5 , 1 1 , PLI va PL15, m6i lan d o 30 c o n / b e Ty le song va sinh khoi ciia P1.15 d u o c t i n h b a n g p h u a n g p h a p d i n h l u o n g khoi l u o n g torn tU d o Jc d i n h d u o c so torn t r o n g be.
- Chi tieu vi sinh. Vi k h u a n t6ng sfi va vi k h u a n Vtbria trong nUoc, d u o c xac d i n h 15 ngay/lSn Vi k h u a n tong^so va vi k h u a n Vibrio „ o n g ,6™ d u o c xac d i n h CUOI thi n g h i e m . Xac d i n h m i l d o vi khuSn t h e o p h u o n g p h a p ciia Huys (2002)
- Chi tieu biofloc: The tich biofloc (HVj d u d i n h khi be u o n g co torn a giai d o a n PI.5, P | I'Q"^'^
P L I 5 b a n g b i n h imhoff, xac d i n h kich co hat bi, f l ^ ' b i n g each d o chieu dai va chieu ron j n g l u ,','L '."^
10 hat biofloc d u d i k i n h hien vi CO ir,.i , ,k 1 . ,'^" - • ' ' n i kinh
2.2.4. PhUdng phdp xd ly so lieu
CAC sd li^u thu thip dflpc tinh toan cac gia tri
trung binh, dp I^ch chuan bing phan mem Microsoft Excel 2013. so sanh sfl khic biet gifla cac nghiem thflc theo phflpng phip phan tich .ANOVA mdt nhin td vdi phep thd Duncan bang phan mem thdng ke SPSS 22.0 d mflc y nghia (p < 0,05).
2.3. Thdi gian va dia diem nghien cflu Nghien cflu dflpc thflc hien tfl thdng 01 den thdng 02/2019 tai Trai thflc nghiem nfldc Itf, Khoa Thfly sin, Trfldng Dai hpc Can ThP,
III. Klh" QUA VA THAO LUAN
3.1.Cicyeu to mdi trUdng trong be flPngau triing Nhi?t dp trung binh be flpng cfla thi nghiem dao dpng tfl 28,7 - 30,2"C. Tlieo Tran Ngpc Hdi vd cdng tic vien (2017), nhiet dp tdt nhat cho fltfng au trung tdm cdng,xanh tfl 28 - 30"C, Qua dd cho thiy nhiet dp trong qud Irinh thi nghiem thich htfp cho sfl phdt trien cua au trflng tdm cdng xanh.
pH eua thi nghiem dao ddng trong ngdy khdng ldn tfl 7,99 - 8,06, Nguyen Thanh Phflpng vd edng tae vien (2003) cho ring pH tfl 7 - 8,5 la thich hpp cho fltfng au Irung tdm cdng xanh.
Qua ket qua phdn tich cho thdy do kiem irong trong qua trinh flpng au trung dao dpng trong khoing 102.1 - 104,3 mg CaCO,/L. Theo Chiu Tii Tio va cdng tie \ien (2015) thi dp kiem thich hpp cho au trflng va hdu au trflng Idm cdng xanh tfl 100 - 120 mg CaCOyL. Dp kiem cua thi nghiem nay nam trong khoang thich htfp cho sfl phdi tnen cua du tridng tdm cdng xanh.
Hdm Ifltfng NO cua nghi?m thflc ddi chflng ldn nhat khic biet cd y nghia thdng ke (p < 0.05) so vdi cac nghiem thflc cdn lai. cic nghiem thfle ed bd sung ngudn cacbon khic biet khdng cd y nghia thdng ke (p > 0,05), theo ghi nhdn cua Margarete va Wagner (2006) thi l\ le sdng. ldng trfldng vi chl sd bien thai khdng ed sfl khic biet khi au trung tdm cing xanh dflpc Utfng d mflc NO, tfl Ova 2 mg/L.
Ham lflpng T.AN d nghiem thflc bd sung dfldng cdc thap nhdt khdc biet khdng cd y nghia thdng ke (p > 0,05) so vtfi nghiem thflc bo sung cam gao nhflng khdc biet cd y nghia thdng ke (p < 0.05) so vdi 2 nghiem thflc cdn lai. Ang (1985) thi cho ring trong mdi trfltfng fltfng au trflng tdm cdng xanh ham Iflpng TAN vuot qua mflc 2,5 mg/L nhflng van chfla dnh hfldng den au trung, Nhfl vdy cdc yeu td mdi trfldng nhiet dp, pH. TAN, NO, vd dp kiem cua thi nghiem deu nim trong khoang thich hpp cho flpng au trung tdm cang xanh.
Chi tieu
Bang 2. Cdc chi tieu mdi trfldng trong be fltfng au trong tdm cdnh xanh Nghiem thflc
Nhnn do ("O
pH
Doi chiing 28,7 + 0,1 30,2 ± 0,1 7,99 ± 0,05 8,05 ± 0,02 102,1 ± 0 , 1 0,-54 ± 0,04' 2,14 ± 0 , 2 9 '
Bdt gao 28,8 ± 0 , 1 30,1 ± 0 , 1 8,02 ± 0 , 0 1 8,06 ±0,01 104.3 ± 0 , 1 0,19 ± 0 , 1 1 - 1,95 ± 0 , 1 2 '
Cant gao 28,8 ±0,2 30,2 ± 0,2 8.00 ± 0,04 8,03 ± 0,02 104,2 ± 0,2 0,21 ± 0 , 0 7 ' 1,58 ± 0,10'
DUdng cdt 28,8 ± 0 , 1 30,2 ± 0,1 8,02 ± 0,02 8,03 ± 0,01 104,2 ± 0 , 2 0,10 ± 0 , 0 1 ' 1,35 ± 0,02'
Sdng
Chieu Sdng Chieu Dd kiem (mgCaCO,/L) NO, (mg/L) TAN (mg/L)
Ghi chii: Cdc gid In trong cimg mgt hdng cd ky tu khdc nhau thi khdc biet co y nghia thong ke (p <0.05).
3.2. Cdc chi tieu vi sinh
3.2.1. Vi khudn tongBang 3 cho ihdy lan ihu mau thfl 1 mat dp vi khuan tdng dao ddng tfl 1.43 x 10'CFU/mL den 4,83 X 10' CFU/mL, gifla cdc nghiem thflc khdc biet khdng ed y nghia thdng ke (p > 0.05). Den lan thu mau thfl 2 mat dp vi khuan tdng d nghiem thflc bd
sung dfldng cit thap nhat nhflng khdc biet khdng cd
y nghia thdng ke (p > 0,05) so vdi cdc nghiem thflc
cdn lai. Mat dd vi khuan tdng trong tdm cao nhit d
nghiem thflc ddi chflng khdc biet cd y nghia thdng
ke (p < 0,05) so vdi cdc nghiem thflc edn lai, thap
nhat la d nghiem thflc bd sung dUdng cit khic biet
khdng cd y nghia thdng ke (p > 0,05) so vdi nghi?m
thflc bd sung bdt gao vd cim gao.
C! Nam-So 5(114^ 2020
Bang 3. Mil dp .n khuan long t ^ n g m i u n f l o e i lO'CI L, , n [ ) va trong tdm (10* C F L Chi tieu Lan thu _ _- — ^ — - - J ^ g h ' ? " " ^^"^^
V l k h u a n trong nfldc
\ I khuan trong tdm
Doi chdng 4.83 ± 0.48' 25,S3 ± 2.4S- : 3 S , 4 ± S , 9 r
Bgtgao 1.64 + 0,8' 30.17 ±3,87- 121,32 + 40.96^
Cdm l.^5 * 28.^0 ± 130,60
1 t 0.35'
Ghi chu: Cdc gid tri trong cimg mat hdng cd ki lu Uiac nhau thi khdc biet co y nghia thong U (/• -> (1.('5' 3.2.2. Vi khudn Vibrio
B i n g 4 cho thay m a t dp vn k h u a n vibrio d lan t h u m a u thfl 1 t h a p nhat d nghiem thflc b d sung dUdng cat khdc bi^t k h d n g cd y nghia thdng ke (p > 0,05) so vdi n g h i ? m thflc bd sung edm gao, nhflng k h i c
biet cd y n g h i a t h d n g ke (p < 0.05) so vdi 2 n g h i e m thflc c d n lai. D e n lan t h u m a u thfl 2, m i l d d vi k h u a n vibrio t r o n g nfldc vd t r o n g t d m d n g h i ? m t h d c ddi chflng c a o n h a t k h i c bi?t cd y n g h i a i h d n g ke (p < 0,05) so vdi c i c n g h i e m thflc c d n Iai.
Bdng 4. Mai dd \ Chi lieu Lan thi Vi k h u i n
trong nfldc Vl khuan trong torn
khuan Vibrio trong mau nfldc (10'CFU/mL) v i trong tdm (10^ CFU/g) _ _ N g h i e m thilc
DoichUng ^ Bgt gao Cdm gao DUdng cdt 1,18 ± 0 , 2 1 ' 30,0 ± 3,5"
13,0 ± 1,0"
",53 ± 1,98' 53,8 ± 4,2' 54.7 ± 10.0'
3,66 ± 0,59' 33,0 ± 9,5- 33,3 ± 1 1 , 1 '
1,99 ± 0,44'' 27,8 ± 3,6' 28,7 ± 15,3'
Ghi chu: Cic gta tn trong cimg mot hdng co ky tu khac nhau thi khdc biet co y nghia thong ke (p < 0,05).
3 . 3 . T h e t i c h va kich c d h a t hiofloc
The tich biotloc thu dUpc d giai d o a n PL5 gifla c i c n g h i e m t h d c khdc biet k h d n g ed y nghia t h d n g k& (p > 0,05). D e n giai d o a n PLIO vd PL15 the lich bitffloc cao nhal d n g h i e m thflc bd sung dfldng cat khdc bi?t cd y nghia i h o n g ke (p < 0.05) so vdi cae n g b i ? m thflc cdn l^i, t h a p n h a t l i d n g h i e m thflc ddi chflng.
C h i e u ddi hat biofloc i r u n g binh eua cdc n g h i ? m thflc sau thdi gian flong d a o d d n g lfl 0,13 m m d e n 0,20 m m . C h i e u ddi biofloc d giai d o a n PL5 d n g h i e m thflc bd s u n g dfldng cdt k h i c biel k h d n g cd y nghia t h d n g ke (p > 0.05) so vdi n g h i e m thflc b d sung c i m
vd PL15 chieu ddi hai biofloc d n g h i e m thflc doi chflng thap nhal khdc biet cd y n g h i a t h d n g ke (p < 0,05) so vdi cdc n g h i e m thflc c d n lai.
Ket qud phdn tich t h d n g ke c h o thay chieu ddi hat biofloc d cdc lan thu m a u k h i c biet cd y n g h i a t h d n g ke (p < 0,05) gifla ede n g h i e m thflc, 6 giai d o a n PL5 chi^eu rdng hat biofloc d n g h i e m thflc ddi chflng t h a p nhat khde biet cd y nghia t h o n g ke (p < 0.05) so vdi cdc n g h i e m thflc cdn lai. D e n giai d o a n PLIO vd PL15 chieu rpng hat biofloc d n g h i e m thflc b o s u n g dfltfng cdt Idn nhat khae biet k h d n g ed y n g h i a t h d n g ke (p > 0.05) so vdi n g h i e m thflc bd s u n g cdm gao gao, nhflng k h i c biet cd y nghia t h d n g ke (p < 0,05) nhflng khdc biet ed y nghia t h d n g ke (p < o 05) so vdi 2 n g h i e m thflc cdn lai. D e n giai d o a n PLIO 2 n g h i e m thfle cdn lai.
The tieh (ml/L)
Chieu ddi (mm)
Chieu rpng (mm)
Giai d o a n thu Pl-5 PLIO PL15 PL5 PLIO PLI 5 PL5 PLIO I'I 1?
Bang 5, The tich
Doi chiing 0,23 ± 0 , 1 5 ' 0,50 ± 0 , 1 0 ' 0,73 ± 0,06- 0,13 ± 0 , 0 1 ' 0,13 ± 0 , 0 0 ' 0,13 ± 0,01- 0,12 ± 0,01' 0,12 ± 0 , 0 1 ' 0,12 ± 0 , 0 1 '
'a kich cd hat biofloc Nghiem thUc Bat gao Cdm gao 0,43 ± 0,23'
0,60 ± 0,17'' 0,83 ± 0 , 2 1 "
0,15 ± 0 , 0 1 ' 0,17 ± 0 , 0 1 ' 0,18 ± 0 , 0 1 ' 0,15 ± 0 , 0 1 ' 0,17 ± 0 , 0 1 ' 0,17 ± 0 , 0 1 '
0,37 ± 0,06- 0,83 ± 0 , 1 2 ' 1,03 ± 0 . 1 5 ' 0,16 ±0,01- 0,17 ± 0 , 0 1 ' 0,19 ±0,01 0,16 ± 0,01' 0,17 ± 0 , 0 0 ' ' 0,18 ± 0 , 0 1 ' - Chl chu: Cdc gid In trong cung mot hdng CO k\ ::. l.h.u nhau thi khdc biet co y nghia thong ki (p
Dudng cdt
".47 ± 0,12' ',13 + 0,21' 1,53 ± 0 . 1 5 ' 0,16 ± 0 , 0 1 '
» , i 9 ± 0 , 0 1 ' 9.20 t 0,01 • ' ' • " ± 0 , 0 1 ' ' . 1 » ± 0 , 0 1 .
•"liii.m
Tap ch <noj noc Cong ng^e \c"g nghiep Vi^t Nam -Miir.-: ,
3.4. Chi sd hien thai (LSI) cua au trimg tdm cang xanh
Chi sd bien thai the hien sfl tang trfldng cfla au trung tdm cang xanh trong qui trinh thi nghiem dflpc quan sat thdng qua chu ki lot xic, tfly vao dieu ki?n mdi trUdng, dinh dfldng, gidi tinh, mat dp fltfng vd dieu ki^n sinh ly md cd sfl khic nhau (Nguyen Thanh PhUtfng vd ctv., 2003). Trong qua trinh thi nghi?m ghi nhan chi sd bien thdi d ngdy thfl 3, 6, 9, 12 vd 15 cd sfl chenh lech, nhflng khac biet khdng cd y nghia thdng ke (p > 0,05) gifla cdc nghiem thflc. u ngay thfl 18, nghiem thflc bd sung
dfldng cat cd chi sd bien thii cao nhat Id 10,03 ± 0,25 khdc biet cd y nghia thdng ke (p < 0,05) so vdi cic nghiem thflc cdn lai. thap nhat d nghiem thflc ddi chflng vdi chi sd bien thai Id 9,07 ± 0,06 khac biel khdng CO y nghia thdng ke (p > 0,05) so vdi nghiem thflc bo sung bdt gao, nhflng khdc biet cd y nghia thdng ke (p < 0,05) so vdi 2 nghiem thflc cdn lai. Chi sd bien thii cua iu trflng d ngay thfl 21 d nghi?m thfle bd sung dfldng cat eao nhat d nghiem ihiic bd sung dfldng cit, khic biet cd y nghia thdng ke (p < 0,05) so vdi cdc nghiem thflc cdn lai.
Bang 6. Chi sd bien thdi (LSI) du trung tdm cdng xanh
Chi sd bien thai(LSI) _ Ngay thu 3 Ngay thu 6 Ngay thu 9 Ngiy thu 12 NgiythU 15 Ngay thu 18 Ngay thu 21 Ghi chu: Cdc gid Iri
Doi chijtng 2,90 ± 0,20' 4,89 ± 0,26' 6,50 ± 0,44' 7,67 ± 0,38' 8,63 ± 0,42' 9,07 ± 0,06*
9,47 ± 0 , 2 1 ' trong cimg mot hdng i
Nghiem Bgt gao 2,90 ± 0,20' 4,90 ± 0,17' 6,63 ± 0 , 1 5 ' 7,57 ± 0,25' 8,83 ± 0,35' 9,40 ± 0 , 1 7 ' ' 10,10 ± 0 , 1 7 '
thUc C a m gao 2,90 ± 0,30' 4,93 ± 0,06' 6,57 ± 0 , 1 5 ' 7,63 ± 0 , 1 0 ' 8,47 ± 0 , 1 2 ' 9,53 ± 0,23' 10,47 ± 0,06' :6 ky tu khdc nhau thi khdc biit cd y nghia thong ki
Dutfng cat 3,30 ± 0,20*
5,23 ±0,1-5- 6,83 ± 0.06- 7,80 ± 0,10*
9,06 ± 0,32' 10,03 ± 0,25- 11,03 ±0,21'' 0 < 0,05;.
3.5. Chieu dai au triing va hau au triing tdm cing xanh
Ket qua theo ddi chieu ddi cfla au trflng vd hdu au trflng tdm cdng xanh dflpc the hien qua bang 7. Q giai doan I, chieu ddi trung binh cfla du trflng tdm edng xanh d cdc nghiem thflc Id 2,0 mm. khdng ed sU chenh lech gifla cic nghiem thflc. Theo Chdu Tii Tdo va cdng tde vien (2014), chieu ddi cua iu trflng tdm cdng xanh d giai doan 1 Id 0,18 - 0,19 cm, Ket qua cho thay chieu ddi au trung giai doan 1 cao htfn nghien cflu tren. O giai doan 5, chieu ddi au trung dao ddng tfl 3,2 - 3,5 mm, nhflng khac biet khdng CO y nghia thdng ke (p > 0,05) gifla cdc nghiem thflc.
0 giai doan 11, chieu dai au trung dao ddng tfl 6,9 den 7.3 mm vd khdc biet klidng cd y nghia thdng ke (p > 0,05) gifla cae nghiem thflc. Theo Uno vi Soo (1969), chieu ddi eua du trung giai doan 5 vd 11 lan
IflPl Id 2.8 vd 7,7 mm. Chieu ddi cfla PLI d nghi?m thflc ddi chflng thap nhdt 7,9 ± 0,3 mm, khac biel cd y nghia thdng ke (p < 0.05) so vdi cdc nghi?m thflc cdn lai. Chieu ddi cua PL15 nghiem thflc bd sung dfldng cdt cd chieu dii tdt nhat Id 11.7 ± 0,3 mm khde bi?t cd y nghia thdng ke (p < 0,05) so vdi cic nghiem thflc cdn lai, nghiem thflc ddi chflng PL15 cd chieu dii thap nhdt (9,2 ± 0,7) khdc biel cd y nghia thdng ke (p < 0,05) so vdi cdc nghiem thflc cdn lai. Theo Chiu Tii Tdo vd cdng tic vien (2014), chieu ddi trung binh au trung tdm cdng xanh giai doan 5,11, PL15 lin Iflpt la 0.28 ± 0,02 cm; 0,67 + 0,03 cm; 0,91 ± 0,02 cm. Nhfl vdy ket qud nghien cflu ndy ed chieu ddi au trflng vi hau au trung deu ddi htfn cdc nghien cflu tren. Do Utfng au trflng tdm cing xanh trong he thdng biofloc cd mdi trfltfng tdt, lai dflpc bo sung them ngudn dinh dfldng (hat biofloc) nen tdm tang trfldng tdt hon.
Chi tieu Giai doan 1 Giai doan 5 Giai doan 11 Postlarvae-1 Posdarvae-15
Bang 7, Chieu dai (mm)
Doi chiing 2,0 ± 0,0' 3,4 ± 0,2' 7,0 ± 0,3' 7,9 ± 0 , 1 ' 9,2 ± 0,7'
au trung va hau au Nghie Bot gao 2,0 ± 0,0- 3,2 ± 0 , 1 - 7,3 ± 0,0"
,'i,4 ± 0,2' 10,5 ± 0,4'
trung torn cang xanh m thUc
Cdm gao 2,0 ± 0,0' 3,3 ± 0,2' 6,9 ± 0,0"
8,4 ± 0.2' 10,5 ± 0,3'
Dudng cdt 2,0 ± 0,0"
3,5 ± 0,2' 7,1 ± 0 , 4 ' 8,6 ± 0 , 1 ' 11,7 ± 0 , 3 ' Glii chti: Cac gid tri trong ciing mat hdng co ky tU khdc nhau thi khac biet co y nghia thong ke (p < 0,05)
- ec • e: Nam-36 5(1141/2020 3.6. T\ le s d n g v a n a n g s u a t t d m P L - 1 5
Ty 1? s d n g cua PL15 giila c i c n g h i e m thflc d a o d p n g tfl 34,0 - 59.3%. Trong d d d n g h i e m thflc b d s u n g dfldng cat cd ti le sdng cao n h a t l i 5 9 , 3 % k h i c biet cd y nghia t h d n g ke (p < 0,05) so vdi c i c n g h i e m thflc c d n lai. Ti le song ciia PL15 t h a p nhat 34,0°o d n g h i e m thflc ddi chflng. khdc biet k h d n g cd y n g h i a t h d n g ke (p > 0,05) so vdi n g h i e m thflc b o s u n g bdt gao (36,7%) v i bdt cam (38.3%), nhflng khdc biet cd y nghia t h d n g ke (p < 0,05) so voi nghiem thflc dfldng cdi.
N a n g s u i t PL15 c u a cdc n g h i e m t h r . d.w dp'ij;
til 20 423 - 35.573 c o n / m \ t r o n g dtf n g h i e m ihflc doi chflng cd n a n g suat t h a p nhat. Nanv: suat PL 15 g'da n g h i e m thflc ddi chflng, b d s u n g bpt gao va bo s u n g cdm gao khdc biet k h d n g ldn n d m t r o n g k h o d n g tfl 20.423 - 22.959 c o n / m ' v i k h i c biet k h d n g cd y n g h i a t h d n g ke (p > 0,05), nhflng k h a e biel cd v n g h i a t h d n g k e (p < 0,05) so vdi n g h i e m t h d c bd s u n g dfldng cat. N i n g s u i t d n g h i e m thfle bd s u n g dfldng cat cd gid tri c a o n h a t 35.573 ± 5 . 2 1 9 e o n / m \
Chi tieu Ty 1^ sdng (%) Nang suit (eon/L)
Chl chii: Cdc gid Iri trong cimg mgt hdng to k
Bang 8. Ty le sdngva n i n g suat cua P H 5 Nghiem thflc DoichUng Bgt gao Cdm gao -M.ll + 6.5' 3S.3 ± 7,4^ 36,7 + 7,3"
20.423 ± .^-S7S- 22.959 ± 4 422-' 22.051 + 4.414'
Dudng cdt 59,3 + 8,7*"
35 573 + 5.219'' Uuu nhau thi khdc biel coy nghia thong kc (p < 0,05).
IV. K F r L U A N V A D L X L A F 4 . 1 . K l i u a n
LTtf ng du t r u n g Idm cdng x a n h dp d u n g c d n g nghe biofloc khi b o s u n g n g u d n cacbon bdng dfldng cdt vdi ty 1? C / N = 15 chtf ket qud ldng trfldng ve chieu ddi (11.7 ± 0,3 c m ) , t y l e sdng (59,3 ± 8 , 7 ' V i v a ndng suat (35.573 ± 5.219 con/L) giai d o a n PL-15 cao nhdt.
4 . 2 . D e x u a t
C n g d p n g bd s u n g n g u d n cacbon tu dfldng c i t trong au triing t d m cdng x a n h d e thflc hi?n cdc n g h i e n cflu tiep then de x i y dflng qui t r i n h s i n x u i t gidng t d m cdng x a n h I h e o c d n g n g h e biofloc.
L d i CAM ON
D e ldi n i y dflpc lai t r p b d i DU an Ndng cdp TrUdng Dai b p c C a n Thtf \ ' N I 4 - P 6 b d n g n g u d n vdn vay O D A tfl c h i n h p h u Nhdl Bdn.
F A I I I E U THA.M KHAO
P h a m Van D i \ . 2018. Sghicii cUu Udng du Irung torn cdng xanh tMiUrohraJuum rosenbergii) bdng cong nghe biofloc. Luin \an tot nghiep Cao hpc nganh nudi trdng thuy sdn Trfldng Dai hpc Can Thtf.
Tran Ngoc H i i , C h a u Tdi T i o v i Nguyen Thanh PhUtfng, 2t)t'r Cido trinh ky thudt .-iin xudt giong vd nudi gidp xdc. N h i xual b i n Dai hpc Can Thtf.
211 Irang
T r i n Ngoc Hdi, Tran Thi Thanh Hien, Trfltfng Q u o c Phii, Tran Thj Tuyet Hoa, Le Q u d c Viet, Lv \ ' a n K h i n h , T r a n Nguven Duy Khoa v i Chdu Tdi Tao,
2019. Nghien cflu bd sung ngudn carbon d cic giai doan k h i c nhau trong fltfng au trung tdm cdng xanh {Macrobrachium rosenbergii) b i n g cdng ngh?
biofloc. Tap chi Khoa hoc - TrUdng Dai hoc Cdn Thd, 55 (3B): 141-148.
Nguyen Thanh Phfltfng, T r a n Ngpc H i i , T r i n Thi Thanh Hien va Marcy N . Wilder, 2003. Nguyen ly va ky thudt sdn xudt giong torn cdng xanh (Macrobrachium rosenbergii). Nha xua't ban Ndng nghiep TR Hd Chi Minh. 127 trang,
C h i u Tai Tio, Tran Minh Nhflt v i Trdn Ngoc H i i , 2014. Danh gii chat lupng au trung vd hdu au trflng cua mpt sd nguon tdm edng xanh {Macrobrachium rosenbergii) d cic tinh phia nam. Tap chi Khoa hoc - TrUdng Dai hoc Can Tha, (34)' 64-69.
Chau Tdi T i o , Tran Minh Phu, 2015. A n h hfldng cua dd ki^m len lang trfldng vd ty le sdng cua au triing v i hau au trung idm cang xanh (Macrobrachium
Zn%r:l:sZt'''''''''^
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^ ° no \saler exchange. Aquacultural Engineering, Margarete Mallasen, Wagner Cotroni Valenti, 2006. 2\: 215-227.
Effect ofnitrite on larval developmem of giam river Uno, Y. and K. C. Soo, 1969. Larval development of prawn Macrobrachium rosenbergii. Original Research Macrobrachium rosenbergii reared in laboratory Article Aquaculture, 261 (4): 1292-1298, /. Tokyo Univ. Fish.. 55 (2): 79-90.
Effects of carbon sources on growth performance and survival rate of larval rearing of the freshwater prawn
(Macrobrachium rosenbergii) by biofloc technology
Lc Thanh Nghi, Pham iMmii Truyen.
Chau Tai Tao, Nguyen Van Hoa. Tran Ngoc i lai Abstract
This study aimed to identify suitable carbon sources tor the growth and survival of larva and posllarva ol giant freshwater prawn nursed in tanks with biofloc technology The experiment was conducted with four treatments:
(i) no carbon supplement (control), (ii) carbon supplement from nee flour (lii) carbon supplement from rice bran, and (iv) carbon supplement from sugar. Each treatment was triplicated. The experimental lank was .iOO liters in volume. Stocking density was 60 larvae/liter and water salinity wa.s 12%o The result showed that after 35 days rearing the environmental parameters, bacterial density, bioflocs during the rearing of the treatments were in a .suitable range for shrimp growth and development. The sugar treatment the body length of PL-15 (11.7 ± 0.3 mm), .survival rale (59.3 ± 8.7%) and productivity (35,573 ±5,219 postlarva/ni') was the highest and significantly different (p < 0.05) compared to the other treatments. This study showed that the sugar was the most suitable carbon source for nursing giant freshwater prawn larvae in biofloc systems.
Keywords: Biofloc, freshwater prawn larvae, Macrobrachium rosenbergii, carbon sources, survival Ngiy nhdn bdi: 08/5/2020 Ngfldi phan bien: TS. Ly Vdn Khanh Ngiy phdn bien: 16/5/2020 Ngdy duyet ddng: 20/5/2020
CHE BIEN VA SU" DUNG THtfC AN LEN MEN LONG
TRONG C H A N NUOI LONNguyen Thi Tuyet Le'. Biii Quang Tuan' TOM TAT
Thflc an len men Idng dflpc sfl dung trong chan nudi lpn d qui md Irang trai vd ndng hd, cho cic doi Ifltfng Itfn ndi. lpn eon vd Itfn thit. Bdi viet nay eung cap cdc thdng tin cdp nhdl ve phuong phap che bien va sfl dung thflc an Ien men ldng trong chdn nudi lpn; hieu qud vd ban che cua phfltfng phdp sfl dung thfle an len men long trong chan nudi lpn. Cdc ket qud nghien cflu cho thay thuc an len men long ed the dupe che bien cho cdc khau phdn hdn htfp hoin chinh hoac cho tflng nguyen lieu thflc an rieng re. Chat Ifltfng cua thflc an len men long phu thupc vao ham Ifltfng axit laetie hinh thdnh Irong qua trinh len men lfl nhien hoac nhd gidng khdi ddng. Qua trinh len men hinh thanh cdc aixit hflu etf \a cac hoat linh khdng khuan (Baeteriocins) lam gidm pH cua thflc an, lfl dd Idm giim pH cua dfldng rudt. giup uc che ,sfl tang sinh cfla cae \ i khuan giy benh dfldng tieu hda nhfl E. coli. Salmonella va gidm ty le mac lieu chdy d lpn. Thfle an Ien men Idng cdn cd dnh hfldng lieh cflc den hieu qud sfl dung thflc an, khd nang tang khdi Iflpng eua lpn tfl dd ndng cao hieu qud chan nudi. Sfl dung thflc an len men long Id mdt phfltfng phdp hieu qui giup giam chi phi thfle in do cd the tin dung cdc phu phdm ndng - cdng nghiep.
Tfl khda: Thfle an len men Idng. che bien, sfl dung, chan nuoi lpn ' Khoa Chan nudi, Hpe vien Ndng nghiep \'iet Nam
