VIETNAM
HgfP TAC KINH TE SONG PHlTONG
VIET NAM - CAC TIEU Yl/ONG QUOC A RAP THONG NHAT
Nguyen Thi Qi^nh Htrtrng'
TOM TAT
Sau 27 ndm thiet lap quan he ngogi giao, quan he hgp tdc kinh le giira Viet Nam vd Cdc Tieu vuong quoc A Rap Thong nhdt ngdy cdng phdi trien Cdc Tieu vuong quoc A Rap Thong nhdt tra thdnh doi tdc kinh te hdng ddu aia Viet Nam tgi khu vtrc Trung Dong. Hgp tdc kinh te song phuang giira hai nuac khong chi dung lgi d tfnh vuc thuang mgi md con trong cd Itnh vuc ddu tu vd lao dgng.
Tong kim nggeh xudt nhgp khdu giira hai nuoc ngdy cdng gia tdng. LTnh vuc hgp tdc cung ngdy cdng dugc md rgng. Tuy nhien. hai nuac vdn chua khai thdc hit dugc tiem ndng hgp tdc. Chinh vi vgy, cd hai ben cdn cd nhirng hen nghi de thtic ddy, tdng eudng moi quan he hgp tdc kinh te.
Tu khoa: hgp tdc. thuang mgi, ddu tu. giao thong van ldi, lao dgng
Nhgn bdi: 4/2/2020; Phdn bi^n vd siea chQa: 25/2/2020; Duy$t ddng: 5/3/2020 Abstract
After 27 years of establishing diplomatic relalions, economic cooperation relations between Vietnam and the United Arab Emirates have been developed. The United Arab Emirates has become Vietnam's leading economic partner in the Middle East. Bilateral economic cooperation between the two countries is not only trade but also investment and labor. The total trade volume between the two countries is increasing. The field of cooperation is also increasingly expanded.
However, the two countries have yet lo fully exploit ihe potential of cooperation. Therefore recommendation ofthe l\%'0 sides should be made lo promote and strengthen economic cooperation
1. T6ng quan vl kinh te Cac Tieu vuoTig Cic Tieu vucmg qu6c A Rap Th6ng nhit cd quoc A Rap Thong nhat quan h? ngoai giao va thuang mai rpng rai vdi Cic Tilu N-uong qudc A Rap Thing nhit la '^^^ ^"^'^ ^'^ ^^^^ Q"^^ B^a nay giu vai trd mpt qu6c gia d Tay A thuoc phia Ddng Nam ^".^ ^"^^^ ^°"g '^^ '^hitc Cac nudc Xuit khiu cua bin dao A Rap Uen Vinh Ba Tu, giip ° ^ " >^^ ^"^^^C) va li rnpt trong nhung thanh vdi Saudi Arabia vl phia Ddng va phia Nam. vien sang lap Hpi dong Hpp tac Vung ddng thdi bien gidi tren biln giip ^ ! ^ (GCC). Mpt Uong nhimg md neo chinh vdi Qatar vl phia Tav va Iran vk phia Bic. ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^^^^ ?«' "g^^' ^"^ Cac Tilu vuang quoc A Rap Thong nhat la xay dung mii quan
Thac st. Bg mon Kinh te hoc, Trucmg Dai hoc Thircmg Mai
8 Tgp chi nghien ciru CHAU PHI & TRUNG DONG SO 03(175) thing 3/2020
Htfp tac kinh te song phudng...
Nguyen Thj Quynh HiTdng il? hgp tac ydi tat ca cac nuoc tren thi gicri. H6
tn? pliat triSn (ODA) dang ki da lam tang tAm v6c cua Cac Tieu vuong qudc A Rap TIi6ng nliat giua cac quoc gia vimg Vinh Ichac.
Theo th6ng Ice ciia Ngan hang ThS gioi, Cac TiSu vucmg qu6c A Rap Th6ng nhit co quy mo Icinh tj ldn thu nhi trong Hgi d6ng Hgp tac Vimg Vinh (sau Saudi Arabia), voi tong san phim qu6c noi (GDP) la 425 ty USD vao nam 2019 (GDP cua Saudi Arabia la 785 ty USD). Cac TiSu vuong qu6c A Rap Thong nhat la mgt nen kinh tS co tinh canh tranh cao tren thS gicri, nganh hang Ithong dung thii tam the gioi, nganh du lich dung thii nhi trong Ichu vuc. Cac Tiiu vuong qu6c A Rap Th6ng nhSt xuit Ithau chii y6u diu tho, Ichi tu nhien, hang tai xuit, ca Icho, cha la, nhap idiau may moc, thi6t bi van tai, hoa chit, thuc pham... Theo danh gia cua Ngan hang The gioi ve chi so thuan lgi kinh doanh nam 2020, Cac Tieu vuong quoc A Rap Thong nhat xep hang thu 16, dugc danh gia la rat thuan lgi, do cac quy tac cho kinh doanh t6t hcm, dtm gian hon va bao ve quyen scr hiru manh hon. Day la mgt trong nhimg thuan lgi rat lcm cho cac doanh nghiep Viet Nam khi xam nhap vao thi truong Cac Tieu vuong quoc A Rap Thong nhat.
Tai nguyen thien nhien chu yeu cua Cac Tieu vucmg quoc A Rap Thong nhat la dau lira va khi ttr nhien. Trir lugng dau lua Ichoang 98 ty thung, chiem khoang 10% tong du trir dau da dugc xac dinh cua the giai. Trir lugng khi tu nhien la 5.892 ty m^, xip hang thu tu the gicri (sau Nga, Iran, va Qatar). Nganh cong nghiep chu chot la khai thac va che bien dau Ilia. San lugng dau khai thac dat khoang 3.046 trieu thimg/ngay. Cac nganh nong nghiep chu yiu la chan nuoi va trSng cha la. Trong trgt phat trien d cac 6c dao bd dong Liwa, Al Ain, Falaj Al Mualla. San pham nong nghiep co cha la, rau qua, gia cam, trimg, sira, ca (tu tiic
dugc gin 100% nhu ciu vi ca). Tuy nhien, cac mat hang cua quoc gia nay khong da dang, nen day chinh la ca hgi tdt cho cac doanh nghiep kinh doanh trong llnh vyc san phim nong nghiep ciia Viet Nam tham nhap vao thj trudng nay.
Sd lieu GDP cua Cac Tieu vuong quoc A Rap Thong nhit u-ong giai doan tit nam 2010 den nam 2019 tang trudng khong ddng iiu (xem Hinh l).>4hiing nam 2010-2014, GDP ciia Cac Tieu vuong qudc A Rjp Thdng nhit gia tang lien tuc tir 289,79 ty USD nSm 2010 len 403,14 ty USD nam 2014. Nhung iin nam 2015 va 2016, GDP lai chi dat 358,14 ty USD vao nam 2015 va iin nam 2016 cdn 357,05 ty USD. Nguyen nhan l^gia diu giam.
Sang cac nam 2017,2018 va 2019, khi gi4 diu tang trd lai, GDP cua Cac Tieu vuong quoc A Rap Thdng nhit tang len, cu (hi nam 2017 GDP cua Cac Tieu vuong qudc A Rap Thong nhit dat 382,58 ty USD, tSng 7,13% so vdi nam 2016; sang nam 2018 tang 8,26% so vdi nam 2017, dat 414,18 ty USD; va den nam 2019 dat 425 ty USD tang 2,62% so vdi nam 2018.
Theo CIA World Factbook, nam 2018 dan sd Cac Tieu vuong qudc A Rap Thdng nhat la 9,63 trieu ngudi, GDP danh nghia dat 414.179 ty USD diing vi tri 29 tren the gidi (dimg d vi tri 32 neu tinh theo phuong phap siic mua tuong duong), tdc do tang trudng GDP 1,7%, GDP binh quan diu ngudi 39.709 USD, lam phat 3,069%. Ty le ngudi cd viec lam nam 2017 la 78,8%, ty le thit nghiep la 2,5%. Vd CO cau lao ddng theo nganh nghe, ndng nghiep chiem 7%, cdng nghiep chiem 15% va dich vu chiem 78%i. Cac nganh chinh ciia nen kinh te bao gdm: khai thac dau, hda dau, danh bat ca, san xuat nhdm, cdng nghiep xi mang, san xuat phan bdn, sira chira tau, xay dung, vat lieu, thii cdng my nghe va det may.
Tgp chi nghien ctru CHAU PHI & TRLNG DONG so 03(175) thing 3/2020 39
Nguyen Thj Quynh Htfdng Hdp tac kinh te song phutJng.
Cling theo CIA World Factbook, nam 2017, kim ngach xuat khau cua Cac Tieu vuimg qudc A Rap Thdng nhit dat 308,5 ty USD. Trong do cac mat hang xuit khiu chinh bao gdm: diu thd (chiem 45%), khi thien nhien, hang hda tam nhap tai xuat va ca say khd. Cac ddi tac xuat khau chinh la: An Do (10,1%), kan (9,9%), Nhat Ban (9,3%),
Trung Qudc (5,4%), Oman (5%), Thyy Sy (4.4%), Han Quoc (4,1%). Kim ngach nhap khau ciia Cac Tieu vucmg qudc A Rap Thdng nhit nam 2017 dat 229,2 ty USD, cac mat hang nhap khau chinh la may mdc va thiet bi van tai, hda chat, thuc pham. Cac ddi tac nhap khiu chinh bao gdm: Trtmg Qudc (8,5%), My (6,8%), An Do (6,6%).
Hlnh I; GDP ciia Cac Tilu vmmg quoc A Rip Thong nhat giai doan 2010 - 2019
£107i v; tinh: Ty USD
2010 2t))1 JJlll 2013 2014 Ngudn: Trading Economics (2020).
UAE da vuon len trd thanh mgt trong nhtrng ddi tac thuang mai hang diu cua Viet Nam d khu vuc Trung Ddng va Chau Phi, va la cita ngd chien luge de Viet Nam tham nhap va xuit khau hang hda sang khu vuc nay. Cdn Viet Nam ciing dugc coi la ciia ngd va cau ndi thuang mai va kinh te ciia Cac Tieu vuong qudc A Rap Thdng nhat de hudng tdi khu vuc ASEAN.
2. M6i quan he hop tac kinh te, thuxrag mai giira Viet Nam - Cac Tieu vtroug quoc A Rap Thong nhat
Trong nhtJng nam gin day, mdi quan he song phucmg giira Cac Tieu vuong qudc A Rap Thdng nhat va Viet Nam da dat den mirc do ddi tac giira hai nudc. Cac chuyen tham cip cao \ a trao ddi thucmg mai, kinh te, van
hda ngay cang tang. Day la bing chiing manh me ciia su phat hien tdt dep trong quan he song phuang giua hai nudc. Hai nudc dugc coi la cira ngd, ciu ndi thuong mai va kinh td ciia nhau trong khu vuc. NSn kinh ti cua hai nudc dugc ghi nhan phat tiiin tich cue trong khu vuc va tren pham vi qude td.
Sir tham gia cua cac nha doanh nghiep va cac td chiic ciia Viet Nam va Cac Tiiu vuong qudc A Rap Thdng nhit da mang lai siic sdng mdi, cung nhu ddng gdp ngay cang to ldn khdng chi cho tang trudng thuang mai hai chiiu giiia Viet Nam va Cac Tiiu vuong qudc A Rap Thdng nhit ma cdn khai thac co hdi nang cao chit lugrng phat triin kinh ti - xa hdi cua hai nudc, nhat la khi ca hai diu cd nhimg cai each manh me de hudng tdi phat triin bin virng ve kinh te xa hdi ciia mdi qudc gia
40 Tap chi nghien ciiu CHAL' PHI & TRUNG DONG SO 03(175) thang 3/2020
Hdp tac kinh te song phtfcfng.. Nguyen Thi Quynh HuiQng
So lieu Irong Bang 1 cho thiy, ting kim ngach xuit khau gitra hai nucrc co sir gia lang dang ke tir nam 2010 din nam 2015. Tang tir 0,731 ty USD vao nam 2010 len 6,217 ty USD nam 2015, tang 8,5 lin. Trong do, kim ngach xuit khau tang tir 0,508 ty USD len 5,695 ty USD, tang 11 lan, con kim ngach nhap khiu tang tir 0,223 ty USD len 0,522 ty USD, tang 2,34 lin. Su gia tang nay la do
Cac Tieu \'uong quoc A Rap Thong nhat trong nhiing nSm gan day nhap khau rat nhieu dien thoai va Unh ki?n dien thoai tii Viet Nam. Cac Tieu vucmg quoc A Rap Thong nhat la thi truong trung chuyen lan nhat Trung Dong, dien thoai cac lo^i vk linh kien la mot trong nhieu mSt hang cua Viet Nam dugc nhap khau vao nuac nay sau d6 tai xuat tcri cac thj tnrcmg khdc.
Bang 1. Kim ngach xuat nhap khau giira Vi^t Nam va Cac Tieu vu-ong quoc A Rap Thong nhat (UAE) giai doan 2010 - 2019
Bern vj tinh: ty USD Nam
Kim ngach xuat khau sang UAE Kim ngach nhap khau tii UAE Tong kim ngach xuat ahap khau
2010 0,508
0,223
0,731 2011 0,921
0,384
1,305 2012 2,087
0,303
2,390 2013 4,137
0,326
4,463 2014 4,627
0,463
5,090 2015 5,695
0,522
6,217 2016 4,999
0,45
5,449 2017 5,03
0,561
5,591 2018 5,203
0,467
5,670 2019 4.784
0,388
5,172
Ngudn: Tdng cyc Hdi quan Vi^t Nam Nhung sang nam 2016, tdng kim ngach xuit nhap khau giiia hai nudc lai giam xudng chi cdn 5,449 ty USD, giam 12,35% so vdi nam 2015. Nguyen nhan dan den sit sut giam trong kim ngach xuit khau ciia Viet Nam sang Cac Tiiu vucmg qudc A Rap Thdng nhat la do cac mat hang ndng san nhu hat tieu, che, hdi, qui, thiiy san,.. xuit khau giam do hi canh tranh gay git vi gia vdi cac ddi thii canh tranh va su sut giam nhu ciu nhap khau. Nhdm hang may vi tinh, san phim dien tit va linh kien, dat 0,268 ty USD, cung giam tdi 38,8%, chiim 5,35% tdng kim ngach xuit khiu sang Cac Tiiu vuong qudc A Rap Thdng nhat.
Trong nhiing nam gin day, nhap khau ciia Cac Tiiu vucmg qudc A Rap Thdng nhat ddi vdi mat hang may vi tinh, san pham dien tii va linh kien giam sut d miic 30%, diiu nay din din nhap khiu tit Viet Nam cung da lien tuc giam manh ca vi gia Ui va ty uong. Ben
canh dd, mat hang ma giai doan trudc Cac Tiiu vucmg qudc A Rap Thdng nhat nhap khiu nhiiu tir Viet Nam la dien thoai va linh kien dien thoai, thi den nam 2016 ciing giam 14,5% tir 4,482 ty USD vao nam 2015 cdn 3,831 ty USD vao nam 2016.
Nam 2017, kim ngach hai nudc cd su gia tang ud lai, dat 5,591 ty USD, trong dd kim ngach xuit khiu dat 5,03 ty USD va kim ngach nhap khiu dat 0,561 ty USD. Dien thoai va linh kien kien thoai la nhdm hang chii luc xuit khiu sang thi Uirdng Cac Tieu vuong qudc A Rap Thdng nhit trong thdi gian nay, chiim 77,4% tdng kim ngach, dat 3,894 ty USD, tang 1,64%. Diing thir hai la may vi tinh san phim dien tir va linh kien dien tir, dat 0,292 ty USD, tang 8,6 %. Ddi vdi nhdm hang ndng san nhu hat diiu va gao thi gia xuat binh quan sang thi trudng Cac Tieu vucmg qudc A
Tgp chi nghiin cuu CHAU PHI & TRLNG DONG so 03(175) thang 3/2020
Nguyen Thj Quynh HutJng Hdp tac kinh te song phutJng.-
Rap Thdng nhat deu tang trudng so vdi cimg ky va diing d mirc cao, cu thi nhu hat diiu dat 8204,60 USD/tan, tang 14,66%; g?o dat 520,52 USD/tin, tang 0,24%. Day cting chinh la mdt nguyen nhan lam gia tang kim ngach xuat khau ciia Viet Nam sang Cac Tiiu vucmg qudc A Rap Thdng nhit. Dac biet, trong nam 2017 Viet Nam gia tang xuit khiu mat hang che sang thi trucmg Cac Tieu vuong qudc A Rap Thdng nhit. Kim ngach xuit khiu mat hang che tang 119,5%% ve lugng va tang 103,7% vi tri gia, tucmg iing vdi 6,74 nghin tan, tri gia 0,0103 ty USD, gia xuit binh quan 1517,88 USD/tin, giam 6,88% so vdi cimg ky nam trudc.
Nam 2018, tdng kim ngach xuit nhap khiu hai chiiu dat 5,67 ty USD tang 1,3% so vdi nam 2017; trong do Viet Nam xuit khau sang Cac Tieu vuong qudc A Rap Thong nhat dat 5,203 ty USD, tang 3,5% so vcri nam 2017 va kim ngach nhap tir Cac Tieu vuong qudc A Rap Thdng nhit dat 0,467 ty USD, giam 18%
so vdi nam 2017. Cac Tieu vucmg qudc A Rap Thdng nhat nhap khau tir Viet Nam may vi tinh san pham dien tii dat 0,404 ty USD tang 38,9% so vdi cimg ky nam 2017. Theo cac chuyen gia, doanh nghiep Viet Nam cd the phat trien hang hda xuat sang Cac Tieu vuong qudc A Rap Thdng nhat, tap trung d mdt sd mat hang nhu thiiy san, hat tieu, hat dieu, ca phe, rau qua, det may, giay dep, vat lieu xay dimg... Ddi vdi nhdm hang thiiy san, kim ngach dat 0,072 ty USD, chiim 1,4% ty h-gng nhung tdc do tang trudng tren 60%. Ddi vdi nhdm hang vat lieu xay dung ciia Viet Nam, budc dau da gdp mat tai thi trudng Cac Tieu vucmg qudc A Rap Thdng nhat. Trong nhtmg nam tdi, day se la nhdm hang cd mirc tang trudng tdt d Cac Tieu vuong qudc A Rap Thdng nhat do nhu cau xay dimg tai day dang ngay cang tang cao. Sd lugng du an tai Cac Tieu vuong qudc A Rap Thdng nhat chiem
khoang 30% tdng sd cac du an dang dugc trien khai tai Trung Ddng. Nhiiu khoan diu tu ldn dugc danh cho cic d^ an ca sd ha ting, bat ddng san, du lich va giai tri, chu yiu tai Abu Dhabi va Dubai. Hon niia, Dubai da gianh dugc quyin dang cai Expo 2020 vdi mirc diu tu ha ting 7 ty USD se gdp phan dua thi trucmg xay dung bimg nd trd lai trong nhiing nam tiep theo. Theo sd lieu tir Tdng cue Hai quan Viet Nam, nam 2018 trong nhdm hang vat lieu xay dimg thi sat thep cd toe iQ tang vugt trdi. Cu the, Viet Nam da xuat sang Cac Tieu vucmg qudc A Rap Thdng nhat 17,796 nghin tin sat thep cac loai, thu ve 0,0195 ty USD, tang 59% vi lugng va gip 1,8 lan ve tri gia xuat khau (tiic tang 80%), gia xuit bmh quan 1136,63 USD/tin, tang 54,6%
so vdi ctmg ky nam 2017.
Sang nam 2019, kim ngach xuit nhap khiu giira hai nudc dat 5,172 ty USD, giam 8,78%
so vdi cimg ky nam 2018. Trong dd, kim ngach xuit khiu giam 8,03% va kim ngach nhap khiu giam 16,9%. Trong nam 2019, xuat khau sit thep sang da sd cac thi frudng giam ca ve lugng va kim ngach so vdi nam 2018. Trong dd, xuit khiu sang Cac Tiiu
™ong qudc A Rap Thdng nhit giam 60,2%
\ i lugng va giam 72,3% vi tri gia kim ngach xuit khiu, giam tit 0,0195 ty USD vao nam 2018 cdn 0,0()54 ty USD vao nam 2019, diiu nay dt) nhu ciu xay dung d Cac Tieu vuang qudc A Rap Thdng nhit dang giam din. Ben canh do, mat hang rau qua va thuy san ciing cd su sut giam dang ki, cu thi mat hang rau qua giam 10,3% cdn 0,035 ty USD, mat hang thuy san dat 0,057 ty USD giam 20,8% so vdi nam 2018. Hon nila, mat hang xuit khiu chinh cua Viet Nam sang Cac Tiiu vuang qudc A Rap Thdng nhit la dien thoai cac loai va linh kien cung giam di vao nam 2019 dat 3,399 ty USD giam 12,7% so vdi nam 2018 Chinh vi nhimg nguyen nhan nay da din din
Tgp chi nghien cuu CHAL PHI & TRUNG DONG SO 03(175) thang 3/2020
Hdp tac kinh te song phu'ong. Nguyen Thj Quynh HuPng
kim ngach xuat khau cua Viet Nam sang Cac Tieu vucmg quoc A Rap Thong nhat giam di vao nSm 2019.
Theo so lieu thong ke ciia Tong cue Hai quan Viet Nam, nSm 2019, Cac Tieu vuang quoc A Rap Th6ng nhit da tra thanh thi trucmg xuat khau lan thii bay cua Viet Nam sau My, Trung Quoc, Hong Kong, Nhat Ban, Han Quoc va Due. Trong khi do, theo so lieu thong ke cua OEC (2017), neu xep hang cac nuac xuat khau sang Cac Tieu vuang quoc A Rap Thong nhat theo kim ngach, thi nam 2017 Viet Nam dang dung a vi tri thii 36. Cac mat Hinh 2: Top 10 mat hang xuat khau
hang xuat khau chinh ciia Viet Nam sang Cic Tieu vuang quoc A Rap Thong nhat gom:
dien thoai di dong, may vi tinh va linh ki?n, san pham dien, dien hi gia dung, hat tieu, thuy san, giay dep, det may, vai, nggc trai, da quy, hat dieu, gao. che, san pham ngu coc, san pham nhua, do go ngi that, giay, trai cay, rau, thuoc la... Trong do, dien thoai va linh ki?n dien thoai chiem ty trgng xuat khau cao nhat sang Cac Tieu vucmg quoc A Rap Thong nhit nam 2019 dat 3,399 ty USD, chidm 71% tdng tri gia xuat khau hang hoa Vi?t Nam sang thj tnrang nay.
chu yeu ciia Vi?t Nam sang UAE Dan vi tinh: tri^u USD
Khdc ^ H H 400 H^itUSu I 24
G90 I 26 1-I^grau qua i 35 HAng thuy san • 57 Phuong li?n v ^ tai/ph\i..."
D<;t may i May moc/Thiet bj ' Gidy diip I Di?n tii/Mdy vi .J Di<;n tho^Linh ki?n i 72
154
Ngudn: Tdng cue Hdi quan Viet Nam Ngoai nhom hang chu dao dien thoai va linh kien dien thoai, con mot so nhom hang ciing dat kim ngach tuang doi cao nhu: May vi tinh, san phim dien tir va linh kien 393,281 trieu USD, chiSm 8,2% tdng kim ngach. Giay dep dat 154,025 trieu USD, chiem 3,2% trong tSng kim ngach. May moc, thiSt bi, dung cu, phu timg dat 137,593 trieu USD, chiim 2,86%. Nhin chung, hang hoa xuit khau sang Cac Tigu vuang qu6c A Rap ThSng nhat nam 2019 da s6 bi giam kim ngach so vai cimg ky nam 2018; trong do cac nhom hang giam manh g6m co: Sit thep cac loai va san pham
tir sit thep giam 61,1%, dat 9,8 trieu USD; hat diau giam 42,6%, dat 13,6 trieu USD; che giam 35,7%, dat 2,7 trieu USD. Tuy nhien, nhom hang da quy kim loai quy xuat khau sang thi truong nay lai tang dot bien 200% so vai cimg ky, dat 10,058 trieu USD.
Ciing theo s6 lieu th6ng ke ciia Tong cue Hai quan Viet Nam, hai thing dau nam 2020 tri gia xuit khiu mat hang nay ciia Viet Narn sang Cac Ti6u vucmg qu6c A Rap 'ITidng nhat dat 264,966 trieu USD. Con sit thep cac loai chiSm ty trgng nho nhit, tri gia xual khau hai
Tgp chi nghien eiiu CHAU PHI & TRUNG DONG so 03(175) thang 3/2020
Nguyen Thi Quynh Huidng Hop tac kinh tp song phu'dng-^
thang dau nam 2020 dat 0,622 tieu USD. Cac mat hang nhap khau chinh cua Viet Nam tii Cac Tieu vuong qudc A Rap Thdng nhit gdm nguyen lieu nhiia, khi hda Idng LPG, che pham tir dau md, nguyen lieu thiic an gia sue, kim loai thudng, hda chat, san pham hda chat... Viet Nam nhap khau chinh ttr Cac Tieu vuong qudc A Rap Thdng nhat la mat hang chat deo nguyen lieu, tri gia cua mat hang nay vao hai thang diu nam 2020 dat 25,161 hieu USD. Cdn mat hang Viet Nam nhap khau it nhat tij Cac Tieu vuong quoc A Rap Thdng nhat la may mdc, thiet bi, dung cii va phu tung khac, nhdm mat hang nay hai thang diu nam 2020 tri gia dat 0,659 hieu USD. Theo sd lieu thdng ke cua Tdng cue Hai quan nam 2019, xet vi gia tri kim ngach thi kim ngach nhap khau ttr Cac Tieu vuong qudc A Rap Thing nhit ctia Viet Nam dung thil 40 sau cac nudc nhu; My, Trung Qudc, Han Quoc, Hong Kong, Argentina, Ireland, An BQ, Anh, Ao, Saudi Arabia, Bi, Bd Biin Nga, Brasil, Campuchia, Canada...
Nhu vay, xet ve thu hang ddi tac xuat nhap khiu giu:a hai nudc vin d muc do thip, deu nay ddi hdi hai nudc can cd chinh sach thong thoang hon di thuc day hcm nira quan he hgp tac song phuong giiia hai ben.
Ben canh thucmg mai, Cac Tieu vuong qudc A Rap Thdng nhat cdn la ddi tac cd nhiiu tiim nang vi hgp tac diu tu. Hien nay, cac nha diu tu Cac Tieu vuong qudc A Rap Thong nhit rat quan tam tdi Viet Nam bdi mdi trudng diu tu hap dan, kinh te tren da phat triin, mdi trudng chinh tri- xa hdi dn dinh.
Theo sd lieu thing ke ciia Cue Diu tu nudc ngoai, tinh din nam 2017, doanh nghiep Cac Tiiu vucmg qudc A Rap Thdng nhat da budc diu tham gia cac du an dau tu tai Viet Nain trong cac llnh vuc nhu; Co sd ha tang, bat dpng san, khai thac tai nguyen khoang san, san xuit, du ljch djch vu ... Tinh den ngay 20
thang 12 nam 2017, cac dir an cdn cd hieu lire ciia Cac Tieu vuong qudc A Rap Thdng nhat diu tu vao Viet Nam la cd 14 du an dau tu true tiep vdi tri gia khoang 26 trieu USD (khdng tinh gdp vdn dau tu gian tiep dudi ten cac ddi tac khac) tai Viet Nam.
Sang nam 2018, sd du an cua Cac Tieu
\Tiang qudc A Rap Thdng nhit dau tu vao Viet Nam da tang len, cac du an cdn cd hieu luc tinh den thing 12 nam 2018 la 19 du an diu tu fruc tiip vdi tii gia 29,676 trieu USD, tang 1,36 lin vi sd lugng va tang 14,14% vi gia tri. Din nam 2019, hai nudc da cd mpt sd du an hgp tic vi diu khi khau thugng ngudn, hgp tac mua ban khi luu huynh va khi dau md hda long lanh (LPG). Cac Tieu vucmg qudc A Rap Thing nhit la mdt trong nhimg nha dau tu ldn tii khu vuc vimg Vinh tai Viet Nam vdi cac du an nhu Cang Hiep Phudc, khach san Halong Star va mdt sd du an du lich d Da Nang. Tinh din ngay 20 thang 12 nam 2019, sd du an cdn hieu lire ma Cac Tiiu vuong qudc A Rap Thong nhat dau tu true tiip vao Viet Nam la 21 dii an, chi tang 1,1 lin vi sd lugng du an so vdi nam 2018, nhung vi tri gia lai tang len dang ki, tang 73,4% dat 51,476 trieu USD.
UAE cd nhieu tiem Iuc vi vdn va cdng nghe cdn Viet Nam dang la nudc phat triin nang dgng, la thi trudng, diim din diu tu, kmh doanh hap dan trong khu virc va tren thi gidi. Vi thi, thi trudng Viet Nam cdn nhiiu CO hpi hgp tac cho cac nha diu tu Cac Tiiu vuong qudc A Rap Thdng nhit.
Thang 6 nam 2012, Hang hang khdng Emirates Airlines da khai truong dudng bay Dubai - Thanh phd Hd Chi Minh, thing 7 nam 2017 Emirates khai truang dudng bay Dubai - Ha Ndi, dua tdng so chuyin bay cua Emirates Airlines tdi Viet Nam len tdi 21 chuyin/tuin; Thang 2 nam 2013, Hang hang khdng Etihad cua Cac Tieu vuong quic A
Tgp chi nghien ctru CHAU PHI & TRLNG DONG SO 03(175) thang 3/2020
Hdp tac kinh te song phUdng... Nguyen Tin Quynh Huting
Rap Thdng nhat da khai truang dudng ba\
Abu Dhabi - Thanh phd Hd Chi Minh. Vi phia Viet Nam, Hang Hang khdng Quoc gia Viet Nam cting da md dudng bay tu Da Nang va Thanh phd Hd Chi Minh den Dubai.
Dudng bay tir Da Ning di Dubai, Viemam Airlines ket hpp vdi Emirates dtrng tai Ha Npi. Cdn chuyen bay tu Thanh phd Hd Chi Minh di Dubai, Vietnam Airlines ket hgp Emirates, dimg tai Bangkok.
Theo thdng ke ctia Bp Lao dpng - thuang binh va xa hdi, tinh den giiia nam 2019, Viet Nam cd 5.000 lao ddng dang lam viec tai Cac Tiiu vutmg qudc A Rap Thdng nhat. Viet Nam bat dau cimg iing lao ddng sang lam viec tai Cic Tieu vuong qudc A Rap Thdng nhat tir nam 1995, thdi diem cao nhat cd tren 10.000 lao ddng Viet Nam lam viec tai Cac Tiiu vucmg qudc A Rap Thdng nhat. Lao ddng Viet Nam dang lam viec tai Cac Tieu vucmg qudc A Rap Thdng nhat chu yeu Uong linh vuc xay dung, co khi, ddng tau, dich vu khach san,... vdi miic lutmg co ban khoang 450 USD/thang.
3. Triin vgng hgp tac kinh te soiig phirong Viet Nam - Cac Tieu vu-ong quoc A Rap Thong nhat
Viet Nam ludn mong mudn va coi trpng viec thiic diy quan he hihi nghi va hgp tac kinh ti, thucmg mai, diu tu vdi Cac Tieu vuang qudc A Rap Thing nhit. Cung vdi dd, Chinh phli Viet Nam ludn hoan nghenh, khuyin khich va sin sang tao mpi dieu kien thuan lgi cho cac nha diu tu nudc ngoai, Uong dd cd cac doanh nghiep Cac Tiiu vuong qudc A Rap Thing nhat sang diu tu, kinh doanh tai Viet Nam. Hai nudc dang hudng tdi mdc kim ngach 10 ty USD vao nam 2020, di tuong xiing vdi tiim nang va the manh ciia hai ben.
Di dat dugc muc tieu nay, hai ben nhat tri cin sdm xay dung ki hoach hanh dpng tdng thi; thudng xuyen h-ao ddi cac chuyin tham
cap cao nham tao su tin cay va hicu biet Ian nhau; ddng thdi tang cudng trao ddi doan doanh nghiep, trao ddi thdng tin ve thi trudng ciia nhau, thiet lap cac kenh cimg cap thdng tin kip thdi va hieu qua cho cpng ddng doanh nghiep hai ben, khuyen khich cac doanh nghiep tham gia tich c\rc hon vao cac hogt dpng nhu hdi chp, trien lam, hgi thao khoa hgc cdng nghe, dien dan doanh nghi?p...
dugc td chiic d mdi nudc.
Thi trudng Cac Tieu vuong qudc A Rip Thing nhit li thi trudng rit tiem ning cho cic mat hing xuat khau ciia Viet Nam. Vdi d$c diem Ii thi trudng cd miic tieu thy Idn, ty trgng nhap khiu Idn (chiim 95%) vi cd tinh kit ndi khu vuc tdt nen cac doanh nghiep nhap khau ciia Cic Tieu vuong qudc A Rap Thong nhat va Tnmg Ddng thudng uu tien cic nhi cung cap hing hda cd tinh dn dinh cao ve chat lupng, sd lugng vi gii ca. Day chinh Ii ldi giii di khic phuc viec xuat khiu tieu ngach, ngin ban, nhiiu nii ro cua doanh nghiep Viet Nam.
Nhu ciu ldn, miic tieu dimg cao, Cac Tieu vuong qudc A Rap Thdng nhat dang li thi trucmg xuit khiu nhieu tiem ning ciia doanh nghiep Viet Nam. Tuy vay, thuc te cho thay xuit khau nhdm hang ndng, thiiy sin ciia Viet Nam sang thi Uudng niy vin cdn chua tuong xitng vdi tiim nang vi can dugc day manh hon nira Uong thdi gian tdi.
Xuit khiu nhdm hing ndng, thuy sin (die biet li thuy sin va rau qua) ciia Viet Nam sang thi trudng Cic Tieu vuong qudc A Rap Thdng nhit cd nhiiu yeu td thuan Igi nhu;
+ Ddi vdi hang ndng sin, do dieu kien tu nhien khdng thuan lgi, Cac Tiiu vuong qudc A Rap Thing nhat phu thupc kha nhieu vio nhap khiu. Theo du bao ciia Bd Kinh ti Cac Tiiu vuong qudc A Rap Thing nhat, nhap khiu thuc phim ciia Cac Tiiu vuang qudc A Rap Thing nhit se ting tit 100 ty USD nam
Tgp chi nghien cicu CHAU PHI & TRUNG BONG S6 03(175) thing 3/2020 45
Nguyen Thj Quynh Htfdng Hop tac kinh te song phtftJng.^
2016 len 400 ty USD trong 10 nam tai. Cac Tieu vuang quoc A Rap Th6ng nhit con dong vai tro la cira ngo quan trpng trong trung chuyen hang hoa ciia Viet Nam sang nhi§u thi tniong khac.
Mac dil Dubai - tieu vuong qu6c lan nhit trong Cac Tieu vucmg quoc A Rap Thong nhat, CO dan so chi khoang 1,5 trieu ngucri nhung thu nhap binh quan diu nguai tren 20.000 USD/nam, vi the sue mua a thi truang nay rat lan. Ben canh do, so luong ngucri nhap cu va khach du lich lcm nen nhu ciu san phim da dang ve chung loai va chat lugng. Nen kinh te Cac Tieu vuong quoc A Rap Thong nhat luon gill vimg da tSng truang qua cac nam, dac biet la cac nganh du lich, xay dung, tai chinh, bat dpng san, dau khi, dien, hang khong... Cac Tieu vuang quoc A Rap Thong nhat la thj truang ma, thue nhap khau thap (tir 0% - 5%) doi vdi hau het cac loai hang hoa.
Day la co hoi tot de hang nong, thuy san cua Viet Nam gia tang thi phan tai thi trucmg nay.
+ Nhieu mat hang nong, thuy san cua Viet Nam da tiep can dugc thj truong Cac Tieu vuang quoc A Rap Thong nhat va dugc ngucri tieu dimg Cac Tieu vucmg quoc A Rap Thong nhat ua chuong. Dong thai sire canh tranh ciia hang Viet Nam ngay cang dugc nang cao so vdi cac nha cung cap khac tai thi trucmg nay.
-•- Trong khi do, Cac Tieu vuong quoc A Rap Thong nhat la thi trudng day tiem nang doi vdi hang hoa xuat khau ciia Viet Nam.
Hien nay, Cac Tieu vucmg quoc A Rap Thong nhit cung dang dinh hudng md rong hoat dpng va phat Irien thi trudng sang khu vuc ASEAN trong dd cd Viet Nam.
Ben canh nhimg thuan lgi thi xuat khau hang nong. thuy san ciia Viet Nam sang thi trudng Cac Tieu vuong quoc A Rap Thong nhit cQng phai ddi mat vdi nhieu khd khan, dac biel la su canh tranh ve gia cua hang
Tning Qu6c, An Do, Malaysia, Thai Lan, Pakistan...
Theo FAO, tieu thu thiiy san binh quan dau ngudi tai Cac Tieu vuong qu6c A Rap Thong nhit dat 51,1 kg/nam, cao hon gip 4 lin muc tnmg binh toan the gidi va la mgt trong nhirng qudc gia cd muc tieu thu thiiy san cao nhat the gidi. Tieu thu thiiy san cua Cac Tieu vuong qu6c A Rap Thfing nhat ciing cao hon nhieu so vdi cac thi trudng khac tai Trung Ddng nhu Oman (36,7 kg/nam), Bahrain (16,9 kg/nam), Qatar (16,5 kg/nam).
Tieu thu thuy san tai Cac Tieu vucmg quoc A Rap Thong nhat d muc cao do mpt so nguyen nhan nhu: Cac Tieu vuong quoc A Rap Thong nhat la mpt trong nhiing thj tmdng cd thu nhap binh quan dau ngudi cao nhat thS gidi, thiic diy du lich va ngudi dan quan tam hon tdi nhimg lgi ich sue khoe trong dd cd viee gia tang tieu thu thiiy san.
Cac Tieu vuang qudc A Rap Th6ng nhit khong CO lgi tha vk thiiy hai san va phai phu thupc kha nhiiu vao cac nha nhap khiu, trong do cd Viet Nam. Cac mat hang thiiy san cua Viet Nam da dugc thi trudng nay chip nhan, dac biet, mat hang ca tra, basa ddng lanh rit dugc ua chupng. Thi trudng nay con nhiku tiem nang. Tuy nhien, do su xa each ve dia ly nen xuat khau cac mat hang thuy san sang thi trudng Cac Tiiu vuang qu6c A Rap Thdng nhat chu y^u la hang thuy san kho, dong lanh cd gia tri chua cao.
Do dieu kien tu nhien khong thuan lgi vdi nong nghi?p nen Cac Tieu vucmg qu6c A Rap Thpng nhit phu Ihudc kha nhi^u vao nhap khiu, dac biet ddi vdi nhom hang rau qua nong san nhiet ddi. Thdi gian gin day, nhiSu mat hang ndng san Viet Nam da ti6p can dupc thi trudng Cac Tidu vuang qudc A Rap Thdng nhat nhu chudi, xoai, thanh long, chdm chdm nhan, vai, mang cut...
46 Tgp chi nghien ciru CHAL' PHI & TRUNG DONG SO 03(175) thang 3/2020
Hdp tac kinh te song phu'ong.. Nguyen Thj Quynh HuPng
Hi?n tai nhdm hang nong san va trai cay Vi?t Nam da tiep can dugc mdt sd he thdng sieu thi cua Cac Tieu vuong quoc A Rap Thong nhat, cac mat hang rau qua dang dupc ban tai cac sieu thi vdi gia tdt va dugc ngudi tieu dimg Cac Tieu vucmg qudc A Rap Thdng nhat ua chupng. Theo Euromonitor, trong giai doan 2010-2016, doanh thu trai cay tai Cac Tieu vucmg qudc A Rap Thong nhit tang vdi tdc dp tang trudng hang nam la 8,4% va dat 7,7% trong giai doan 2017-2020.
Vdi nhu cau tieu thu d muc cao va co xu hudng tang, xuat khau hang rau qua ciia Viet Nam sang thi trudng Cac Tieu vucmg qudc A Rap Thdng nhat cd nhieu ca hpi de md rpng thi phan tai thi trudng nay trong thdi gian tdi.
Trong khi dd, hang rau qua ciia Viet Nam cung da budc dau tiep can dupc nhimg thi trudng khd tinh nhu My, Chau Au... Day cung la tien de de cae ddi tac den tir Cac Tieu vuang qudc A Rap Thdng nhat tin tudng d cac nha ctmg img Viet Nam. Tuy nhien, tiong bdi canh Chinh phii Cac Tieu vuang qudc A Rap Thdng nhit dang that chat quan Iy ve ve sinh an toan thuc pham ddi vdi cac loai rau qua nhap khiu, cac doanh nghiep xuat khau dang lam an hoSc dang cd y dinh tiep can thi trudng Cac TiSu vuong qudc A Rap Thdng nhat can lim y tdi cac tieu chuan ve an toan ve sinh thuc phim cua Cac TiSu vuong qudc A Rap Thdng nhit, dac biet ddi vdi van de ve du lugng thudc trir sau. Day viia la thach thiic vira la ca hdi tdt cho san pham rau cu qua Viet Nam tidp tuc khing dinh vi the tai thi tnrdng Cac Tidu vucmg qudc A Rap Thdng nhat.
Lanh dao Cac Tieu vuong qudc A Rap Thdng nhit khing dinh Viet Nam la thi trudng uu tien trong khu vuc Ddng Nam A, ddng thdi khing dinh cam ket dau tu lau dai tai Viet Nam, khdng chi trong cac ITnh vuc truydn thong nhu diu khi, nang lugng ma ca cac ITnh vuc khac nhu phat tridn co sd ha tang, dd thi thong minh...
Viet Nam va Cac Tieu vuong qudc A Rap Thdng nhat khing dinh tiem nSng hgp tac giira hai nudc cdn rat ldn, dSc biet trong cac linh \TJc thucmg mai, dau tu, nSng lugng (dau khi va nang lupng tai tao), phat trien ket cau ha tang, lao ddng, du lich... Vi?t Nam la mpt nen kinh te mdi noi d khu vuc Ddng Nam A, CO ngudn tai nguyen thien nhien da dang, ngudn nhan luc doi dao, tinh hinh chinh tri on dinh... dang thu hiit sir quan tam ciia c^c nha diu tu nudc ngoai. Trong khi dd, Cac Tieu vuong qudc A Rap Thdng nhat la mpt quoc gia dau lua, vdi ngudn tai chlnh ddi dao, cd nhieu kinh nghiem trong xay dung va phdt trien kinh te... co the trd thanh mgt trong nhimg ddi tac quan trgng ciia Viet Nam d khu vuc Trung Ddng. Hai ben can tiep tyc khai thac tdt cac tiem nang ndy, bd sung cho nhau cimg phat trien de thuc hien cac muc tieu dua Viet Nam trd thanh mot nudc cdng nghi?p vao ndm 2020 va dua Cac Tieu vuang qudc A Rap Thdng nhit trd thanh mdt trong nhihig ndn kinh te ldn cua the gidi vao ndm 2030.
Chinh phli Viet Nam se lam het sire minh vd tao mpi didu kien thuan lgi cho cac nhd dau tu Cac Tieu vuong qudc A Rap Thdng nhat thyc hien cdc du an diu tu tai Viet Nam.
Dd thiic day quan he hgp tac song phucmg trong ITnh vyc kinh te thucmg mai va dau tu giira hai nudc, Bd trudng Bp Cdng Thucmg de nghi cdc doanh nghiep Cdc Tieu vucmg qudc A Rap Thdng nhit nghien cuu, diu tu vdo cac linh \arc nhu phdt trien co sd ha tang ndng Iugng, logistics, dau khi, nang lugng tdi tao, tidt kiem ndng Iugng, cdng nghiep hda chat, cac nganh cdng nghiep hd trg, san xuat vat lieu, chd bidn ndng san, thyc pham, xay dung khu cdng nghiep tai mpt sd vimg kinh te cd nhidu tidm ndng ciia Viet Nam nhu: Tay Nguyen, Nam Trung Bd, Tay Nam Bd.
Bd Cdng Thuong ludn sdn sang va tich cue ling hd, tao didu kien thuan lgi de cac doanh
Tgp chi nghien ciru CHAU PHI & TRUNG DONG SO 03(175) thang 3/2020 47
Nguyen Thi Quynh HtfOng Htfp tac kinh te song phutfng^
nghiep hai ben tim kiem ca hdi, md rdng hcm nira quan he hpp tac kinh te, thuong mai, diu tu phil hap vdi luat phe^ va chu trucmg md ciia, chil dpng hdi nhdp kinh te qudc te ciia Chinh phli Viet Nam va cac quy dinh luat phap ciia Cac Tieu vucmg qudc A Rap Thdng nhdt.
Chinh phii Viet Nam se tao dieu kien thuan lgi de khuydn khich doanh nghiep Cdc Tieu vucmg qudc A Rap Thdng nhat diu tu vdo Viet Nam; mong mudn Cdc Tieu vucmg quoc A Rap Thdng nhat tiep tuc tao thudn lcri cho doanh nghiep va hang hod Viet Nam tiep can khu vyc Trung Ddng va cac thi trudng khdc;
tao dieu kidn cho ngudi lao dpng Viet nam cd them CO hdi ttm kidm viec lam, cd cudc sdng dn dinh, phat trien tai Cdc Tieu vuong qudc A Rap Thdng nhit. Vd thuang mai, Dai su quan Viet Nam tai Cdc Tieu vucmg qudc A Rap Thong nhat dang thuc day thanh lap Trung tam thuang mai vd ddng vien cdc doanh nghiep sang lam an tai Cdc Tieu vucmg qudc A Rap Thdng nhit. Vd lao ddng, Dai su qudn dang dd nghi chan chinh lai mdt sd thidu sdt dd cd thd dua them ngudi lao dpng sang lam viec tai cac cdng trinh xay dyng tai Cdc Tieu vucmg quoc A Rap Thdng nhdt. Trudc mdt, Dai sir qudn tap tnmg chuan bi de cd the ky ket mgt sd van kien hgp tae quan trpng nhdm tao khung phap ly cho hgp tac nhidu mat giira hai nudc.
Vd phia cac doanh nghidp Viet Nam, de co thd tidp tyc day manh xuat khau sang Cac Tidu vuang qudc A Rap Thdng nhat, ddi hoi cdc doanh nghiep can co cdc chien luge dai hai vd sdn xuat, cung ung va giao van vdi tieu chi nhanh vd thai gian, tdt vd chat lugng, giam tliidu chi phi va gid dn dinh trong it nhdt 12 thang de cd the canh tranh song phang vdi hang hoa cac nudc khac. Day ciing chinh la cac tidu chi xuit khau chinh trong tuong lai ciia thuang mai qudc te. Ben canh do, cdc doanh nghiep can lam tdt hcm ntra cdng tdc
tim kiem va tidp can thi trudng mdi vdi nliihig chimg loai hang hda da dang phong phu va hudng tdi su thuan tien va hai Idng ciia khach hang. Trong qud trinh do, Dai su quan Viet Nam tai Cac Tieu vucmg qudc A Rap Thong nhit ludn la dia chi tin cay, la diu mdi can thidt vd thdng tin va ket ndi ciing nhu hd trg cin thidt khdc cho cac doanh nghiep khi tiep can thi Uudng Trung Ddng. Ngodi ra, uy tin, tim nhin va tinh chuyen nghiep trong thucmg mai luon rdt dugc coi trpng tai cac qudc gia Hdi gido. Chinh vi vay, viec giiJ chir tin trong giao van, thanh todn, chit lupng hang hda phai dugc tuan thii nghiem ngat.
Dd diy manh xudt khau hang ndng, thiiy san ciia Viet nam sang thi trudng Cac Tidu vuang qudc A Rap Thdng nhat, cac doanh nghiep xuat khau Viet Nam can tan dung eg hpi tai thi trudng nay bdng each tang cudng cdng tac xiic tien thucmg mai, cdi tien mau ma, nang cao chat lupng hang hda, tridn khai khu trung bay hang thyc pham, ndng san, trai cay ciia Viet Nam vdo cdc he thdng sieu thi tai Cdc Tidu vucmg qudc A Rap Thdng nhit nhu Al Maya, Union Corps, Choithrams, Lulu, Carefour...
Cac nha dau tu ciia Cac Tidu vuong qudc A Rip Thdng nhit thudng quan tam tdi cac du dn diu tu trong Iinh vuc bit dpng san cung nhu CO sd ha tang. Dd thu hut diu tu tir cdc nhd dau tu Cac Tieu vuang qudc A Rap Thdng nhit, chung ta cin phai cd nhiing chinh sdch thdng thoang va tich cue han nua, ky cac hiep dinh de dam bao cho cac ngudn diu tu tir khu vyc nay.
yd phia Cac Tidu vuang qudc A Rap Thdng nhat, Bd trudng Sultan Al Mansouri dd nghi hai nudc tidp tyc phdi hgp chat che trong cac hoat dpng hd trg, tao thuan lgi cho thuong mai kdt ndi_ cdng ddng doanh nghiep hai nudc di thiic day quan he him nghi va hgp tac sons phuang.
48 Tgp chi nghien cuu CH U PHI & TRUNG DONG so 03(175) thang 3/2020
Hdp tac kinh te song phu'dng...
Nguyen Thj Quynh Hutfng
4. Ket luan va kien nghi
Quan he hop tac kinh te song phuang giiia Vi?t Nam va Cdc Tidu vucmg qudc A Rap Thdng nhat cdn rit nhidu tidm ndng trdn nhidu ITnh vue. Hai nudc da khdng ngimg diy manh mdi quan he hgp tac tren mpi ITnh vuc ea chinh tri ngoai giao ldn kinh td. Tuy nhien, tiem ndng hgp tdc van chua dupc khai thae hdt, ben canh dd vin cd nhidu kho khdn, thach thirc cho Viet Nam khi xam nhdp vao thi trudng ndy. Dieu ndy doi hdi, cd hai bdn phdi c6 cac chinh sdch hd trg cae doanh nghiep Vidt Nam khi xam nhap vdo thi trudng Cae Tieu vuang qudc A Rap Thdng nhit. Hai ben can nd luc thao go cac rao cdn, vudng mic hien nay ddi vdi trao ddi thuang mai vd diu tu, cung cd va hoan thidn khung phdp ly ddng bd vdi cac bidn phap hd trg va tao cdc chinh sdch thdng thoang, tich cyc, thuan lpi de cac doanh nghiep hai nudc tham gia vao thi trudng ciia nhau.
De tdi uu hda hidu qud hgp tdc, cd hai nudc can tranh thii nhirng ydu td sau:
Thu nhdt, mac dii cd ciing miic ddng gdp GDP tir dau md (25-26%), nhung cd hai nudc deu hudng tdi chidn luge phdt trien ben virng, khdng coi ddu mo la ngudn nang lugng va thu nhap chinh. Day la ydu td nen tao didu kidn vd phat huy. Cdc Tieu vuong qudc A Rap Thdng nhit co ngudn nang Iugng tdi tao xanh rit ldn. Cac Tidu vucmg qudc A Rap Thdng nhit hpi tu dii cac yeu td ve cdng nghe va gia thanh dd cd the tham gia phat tridn nang lupng tai tao tai Viet Nam, rit phii hgp vdi chidn luge phdt trien bdn viing tai cac dac khu hanh chinh ciia Viet Nam.
Thu: hai, ca hai nudc can franh thii, uu tidn va tdi uu hda cdc thd manh ciia nhau trong qua trinh trao ddi thuang mai, dau tu vd thuc day quan he. Cdc Tieu vucmg qudc A Rap Thdng nhit manh vd nganh diu khi va hda ddu la ITnh vuc Viet Nam dang rat chu trpng phat trien.
trong khi \'iet Nam manh vd ngudn luc lao ddng vd dam bdo an ninh luang thuc (lai la ITnh vyc Cac Tieu vuong qudc A Rap Thdng nhat rat quan tam). Khi cdc the manh ndy dupc cu the hda thdng qua hpp tac phdt trien, ca hai nudc vira cd the hudng nhidu lgi ich hon vira co them ngudn luc phyc vy cac myc tieu phdt trien ciia mdi nudc.
Tai lifu tham khao
1. BQ Lao dong - Thucmg binh va Xa hpi (2019), ThUc day hgp tdc lao dong Vi^t Nam - cdc lieu vmmg quoc A rgp thong nhdt (UAE).
http://www.mo! isa. go v.vnA'ages/tintuc/ch it iet.aspx
?tintucID=29683.
2. ThiJy Chung (2019), Triin vpnj? xudt khdu hdng hoa sang Cdc Tieu virang quoc Arab Thong nhdl - Trung Dong, http://vinanet.vn/thuong-mai- cha/trien-vong-xuat-khau-hang-hoa-sang-uae- trung-dong-712906.html.
3. Cyc diu tu nudc ngoai, 2017-2019, £)A;/u- true tiep nudc ngodi tgi Vi^l Nam theo ddi tdc.
4. Phuang Thao (2019), Thuc day quan h^ hgp tdc kinh ti, ihtrong mgi giOa Vi^l Nam - Cac Tieu vuang quoc Arab Thong nhdl.
https ://moit. gov. vn/tin-ch i-ti et/-/ch i-tiet/thuc-
%C4%9iay-quan-he-hop-tac-kinh-te-thuong-mai- giua-viet-nam-uae-16820-22.html.
5. Thy lhko{2Q\9), Doanh nghidp Vi^l Nam- UAE dung tnrdc nhieu ca hgi trong hgp Idc thuang mgi ddu lu, http://www.tapchiconglhuong.vn/bai- viet/doanh-nghiep-viet-nam-uae-dung-truoc-nhieu- co-hoi-trong-hop-tac-lhuong-mai-dau-tu- 65986.htm.
6. Le Quang ThSng (2016), Quan h^ thuong mgi Viet Nam - Cdc Tieu vuong quoc Arab Thong nhdt fUAEl Tap chi nghien cuu Trung Dong va Chau Phi, so 134, thang 10.
7. Bill Tu (2019), Thtic ddy hgp tdc giira cdc doanh nghiep Viet Nam yd Cdc Tiiu vuang quoc
Arab Thong nhdl, http://thoibaotaichinhvietnam.vn/pages/kinh-
doanh/2019-10-15/thuc-day-hop-tac-giua-doanh- nghiep-viet-nam-va-uae-77651 .aspx.
8. Tdng cue Hai Quan Viet Nam, 2010-2020, Xudt khdu nuoc/lanh tho - mat hdng chu yiu. BQ Tai chinh.
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https ://oec .world/en/vi sualize/tree_m ap/hs92/i m po rt/are/show/all/2017/
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