$1 va phat triin bin vihig
Xuf ly vi pham phap luat ve an toan ve sinh thirc pham
O Dai ta TRAN TRONG BINH
Phd Cue trudng Cue Canh sat Phdng ehd'ng tdi pham ve Mdi tn/dng
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rong nhung nam qua, edng tae bao dam an toan thut pham (ATTP) da duae Chinh phu va cac bg, nganh, dja phuang quan tam chi dao, dat duae nhung ket qua nhat dinh. Tuy nhien, tinh hinh tdi pham va vi pham phap luit ve ATTP, ve sinh m6i trudng cd nhung diSn bien rat phuc tap, dnh hudng true tiep den sue khde, tinh mang cua nhan dan.Vi pham an toan thuc pham anh hudng tdi moi trudng, sHrc khoe ngudi dan
Theo sd lieu ciia Cue An toan thuc pham (Bd Y te), chl tfnh rieng nam 2012, loan qudc ghi nhan cd 168 vu ngd ddc IhUe pham, lam 5.541 ngudi mac, 4.335 ngudi di vien va 34 ngudi tir vong. Phan Idn la cac vu ngd dpc lap the va do thuc pham nhilm vi sinh vat. Sd vu, sd ngudi mac, sd ngudi di vien va sd trudng hop tir vong ehung ed chieu hudng gia tang so vdi nam tru6c. Cu the: Sd vu ngd ddc thue pham tang 20 vu (13.5%); sd ngudi mie tang 841 ngudi (17.9%); ngudi di vien tang 672 ngudi (18,3%);
ngudi bj tCr vong tang 7 IrUdng hpp (25,9%), Viee sur dung thue pham khdng an toan tiiy theo tfnh chat, mCit dp cd the gay tinh trang ngd ddc thut phim. tich trOr tdn du chat dpc trong co the, la nguyen nhan geiy ra eac loai benh nan y va ed thi de dpa true tiep din sCfC khoe cua ngudi tieu dimg.
San xuat, kinh doanh thuc phim ddc hai cdn cd nguy co gay
lac ddng xau den mdi trudng. Viec trdng trot cae loai rau, cii, qua cd sir dung eac loai hoa chat bao ve thue vat vupt qua mire cho phep gay 6 nhiem dat va nguon nude ngam, ed nguy cd de doa den viee sinh sdng eiia cae loai thien dieh cd Ipi cho mdi IrUdng, lam mat can bang sinh thai. Viec nhap lau gia sue, gia cam ed nguy eo lam biing phat cac loai djch benh nguy hiem eho ngudi va ddng, IhUe vat nhu:
H5N1,H7N9,.,, Khi cac dich benh nay xay ra se lam mdi trudng bj d nhiem do xac ddng vat, thuc vat bi chet, phat tan cac loai virut gay benh nguy hiem. Viec sb dung thuc pham mot each lang phf cijng gay ap lUc Idn eho mdi trudng khi phai xir ly mdt luong rac thai smh hoat la thuc pha'm bj di thiu, am mdc. Tinh trang san xuat thuc pham thieu tap trung, khdng quy hoaeh ddng bd gay d nhiem mdi trudng nghiem trpng lai cac lang nghi, nhu: San xuat mien tai Cu Oa - Thanh Oai, Duong Lieu - Hoai DUc (Ha Ndi), eac Id md gia siic tu nhan.
Ngupc lai, viec san xual, kinh doanh thuc pham trong dieu kien mdi trudng khdng bao dam se cd nguy co gay nhilm cheo vao thuc pham cac loai mam mdng gay benh anh hudng den chal lupng thuc pha'm, cac CO sd san xuat, kinh doanh thuc pham dupc dat tai eac khu vue khdng ed he thdng xif ly nude thai, cd nhieu nguon phat thai nguy hai, khu vue cd khdng khf d nhiem, sir dung ngudn nude khdng bao dam,., se cd nguy eo lam cho thuc pham bj d nhiem, khdng cdn an loan.
Sd vu vi pham phap luat v l ATTP do luc lupng Canh sat phdng chdng tpi pham ve mdi trudng (CSMT) phat hien, phdi hop xif ly nam sau deu cao hon nam trudc.
tu 30 - 50%, trong do cd nhieu vu viec ed tinh chat dae biet nghiem trpng, anh hudng Idn den mdi Irudng va sifc khoe cpng ddng.
Trong 6 thang dau nSm 2013, lUc lupng CSMT da phat hien, phdi hpp xb \y 774 vu vi pham phap luat ve ATTP vdi 378 ea nhan. 237 td chirc; xir ly hanh ehfnh 216 vu, 165 Tai nguyfen vd Moi traong | Ky 2 - Thing 8/2013 4 3
ca nhan, 50 id chirc; chuyen eo quan khae xif ly 194 vu, 165 ddi lupng; dang dieu tra 98 vu, 40 ddi tupng.
Nguyen nhan gia tang linh trang vi pham phap lual, he thdng van ban quy pham phap luat ve cdng lac an loan thue pham da dupc xay dung va timg bude dupc hoan thien nhung cdn thieu va chUa ddng bp, Hien ehua ed van ban hudng dan eac tinh liet "gay hau qua nghiem trpng, dac biet nghiem trpng" theo Dieu 244 Bd luat hinh su "Tpi vi pham cac quy dinh ve ve sinh ATTP" nen viee khdi Id vu an va khdi td bj can cd hanh vi pham tpi ve ATTP la ra't han che.
Lual ATTP nam 2010 va Nghj dinh sd 38/2012/ND-CP ciia Chmh , phii hudng din Ihi hanh mdt sd
dieu ciia Lual ATTP giao trach nhiem quan ly nha nUdc ve ATTP eho Nganh Y le, NN&PTNT va Cong Thuong nhUng giUa eac bp, nganh nay lai ehua ed eac Thdng tu hudng dan cy the trach nhiem quan ly nhieu loai mat hang gay khd khan eho qua trinh ap dung Ihuc lien va tao nhieu ke hdcho eae ddi tupng lpi dung de Ihuc hien hanh vi pham ldi, vi pham phap luat.
Viee xif ly hanh chinh ddi vdi hanh vi vi pham v l ATTP thdi gian dupe thuc hien Iheo Nghj djnh sd 91/2012/ND-CP quy dinh ve xb ly vi pham hanh ehinh trong ITnh vue ATTP nhung vSn ehUa bd sung tha'm quyen xir phat eho CSMT va ehua phu hop vdi quy dmh ve xif phat vi pham hanh chinh theo Luat Xir ly vi pham hanh chinh cd hieu lue tu ngay 01/7/2013.
Viec ban hanh cac lieu chua'n, quy chuan ky thuat cho lUng nhdm mat hang cdn eham va thieu ddng bd dSn den mdt sd bd phan ngudi san xuat thuc pham khdng biet
dupe minh "vd tinh" da sb dung nhimg chat khdng dupc phep sir dung hoac vi ly do lpi nhuan ma mdt sd ngUdI Ipi dung sU sd hd cOa phap lual de sir dung nhtimg chat cam trong chan nudi, sir dung nhijmg chat bao quan khdng dupe phap luat eho phep.
Nhan thirc cua ngUdi san xua't, kmh doanh va lieu dung cdn han ehe. Do lpi nhuan cao, ham re nen nhieu id chUc, ca nhan da bat chap nguy hai eho sifc khde cpng ddng da nhap lau cae loai thue pham khdng an loan vao Viet Nam.
Nhan IhUc ciia mdt sd bd, nganh, eac cap chinh quyin, trong dd cd mdt sd lanh dao cac don vj cdng an dja phuong ve edng tac nay chua day dii dlin de'n budng long, phan cdng nhiem vu thieu thd'ng nha't, cu thi.
Su phd'i hpp giira eac co quan chUe nang trong cdng lac phdng ngUa, dau tranh ehd'ng lpi pham va vi pham phap lual v l mdi trudng trong ITnh vuc ATTP cdn ba'l cap.
Tren thuc le, CSMT khdng the hoan thanh tdt nhiem vu ciia minh ma khdng cd sU cdng lae eiia eac CO quan chUe nang va loan the nhan dan. Tuy nhien, do quy dinh ciia phap luat ve bao dam ATTP giao eho nhieu lUc lupng khae nhau nen linh trang diin da'y traeh nhiem, hoae quan ly chdng cheo giira cae eo quan chirc nang edn xay ra phd bien dlin den linh trang de sdt, lot lpi pham va vi pham phap lual.
Mpt sd giai phap, nhiem vu trong tam
Trong edng lae phdng chdng tdi pham ve an loan thuc pha'm, can xac d[nh cae luyen, dja ban, trpng diem, bao gom cae luyen dudng bp lU cac tinh bien gidi, eang bien vao trong npi dja. Xae dinh cac ddi tupng cam dau, chD dau nau eac dudng day thu gom
cac mat hang thue pham van chuyin trai phep qua bien gidi, bao gdm nhung mat hang trpng diem: Gia sue, gia cam, thCiy hai san, nong san, rau, eu, qua; do udng; banh keo.
TSng cudng cdng tac nghiep vu can bd, chii ddng nam chac tinh hinh tir xa, khdng de bj dpng.
bat ngd. To ehCfc cdng tae diiu tra cd ban cac tuyen. dja ban, ITnh vuc trpng diem tren timg dja ban, len danh sach cac ddi tupng, dudng day, tu diem chuyen van chuyen, budn ban trai phep gia siic, gia cam, san pha'm ddng vat, cac mat hang thuc pham nhap lau, khdng rd ngudn gdc xual xif, cac lu diem, kho hang, ben bai Ihudng tap kel hang hoa, cac tuyen van chuyen, phuong tien van ehuyen hang hoa; cac diem san xuat, che bien thuc pham c6 dau hieu vi pham. Lam tdt cdng tac van dpng quan chiing, luyin truyin, giao due nang cao kiln thCfc ve ATTP; phd'i hpp vdi cac chi'nh quyen, doan the td chifc giao due, van ddng nhimg dd'i tupng trpng diim, hd kinh doanh trpng diem cam ke't khdng tieu thu hang IhUc pham nhap lau, khdng rd ngudn gd'c, mat ATTP.
Cae cap ehfnh quyin dja phuong id chife Iriln khai thuc hien cdng tac bao dam ATTP tren timg dja ban; kien ngh| sifa ddi. \>6 sung, hoan thien he thdng van ban quy pham phap lual v l ATTP, cac chil truong, bien phap, cO che quan ly nha nudc nham phdng ngUa, dau Iranh cd hieu qua vi pham phap luat v l ATTR Nghien ciru bd sung, hoan thien chirc nang, nhiem vu, quyen han, cd che chfnh sach eho lue lupng lam edng lac phdng ngira, dau tranh ehd'ng tpi pham ve ATTP; tang eudng cdng tac tap huan, dao tao nghiep vu ve phdng chdng t6i pham vi pham quy djnh ve ATTP."
4 4 Tai nguyen vo Moi trudng | Ky 2 - ThanB 8/2813
