The Intrinsic Analysis in Ahmad Fuadi’s Novel Ranah 3 Warna.

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THE INTRINSIC ANALYSIS IN AHMAD FUADI’S NOVEL

RANAH 3 WARNA

A PAPER

BY

R A LAOLI

REG. NO. 082202056

UNIVERSITY OF NORTH SUMATERA

FACULTY OF CULTURE STUDIES

DIPLOMA III ENGLISH STUDY PROGRAM

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It has been proved by Supervisor,

Drs. Parlindungan Purba, M.Hum. NIP. 19630216198903 1 003

Submitted to Faculty of Culture Studies, University of North Sumatera

in partial fulfillment of the requirements for DIPLOMA (D-III) in English

Approved by

Head of Diploma III English Study Program,

Dr. Matius C.A. Sembiring, M.A. NIP. 19521126198112 1 001

Approved by the Diploma III English Study Program

Faculty of Culture Studies, University of North Sumatra

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Accepted by the Board of Examiners in partial fulfillment of the requirements for

the D-III Examination of the Diploma III English Study Program, Faculty of

Culture Studies, University of North Sumatera.

The examination is held on June 2011

Faculty of Culture Studies, University of North Sumatera Dean,

Dr. Syahron Lubis, M.A. NIP. 19511013197603 1 001

Board of Examiners Signature

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AUTHOR'S DECLARATION

I, R A LAOLI, declare that I am the sole author of this paper. Except where the

reference is made in the text of this paper, this paper contains no material

published elsewhere or extracted in whole or in part from a paper by which I have

qualified for or awarded another degree.

No other person’s work has been used without due acknowledgement in the main

text of this paper. This paper has not been submitted for the award of another

degree in any tertiary education.

Signed : ...……….

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COPYRIGHT DECLARATION

Name : R A LAOLI

Title of Paper : The Intrinsic Analysis in Ahmad Fuadi’s Novel Ranah

3 Warna

Qualification : D-III / Ahli Madya

Study Program : English

I am willing that my paper should be available for reproduction at the discretion

of the Librarian of the Diploma III English Department Faculty of Letters USU on

the understanding that users are made aware of their obligation under law of the

Republic of Indonesia.

Signed : ….………..

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ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

Bismillahirrahmaanirrahiim.

First of all, I would like to thank and praise to the Almighty God, Allah SWT for

blessing and giving me health, strength and ease to accomplish this paper as one

of the requirements to get Diploma III certificate from English Department

Faculty of Letters, University of Sumatera Utara.

Then, I would like to express a deep gratitude, love, and appreciation to:

 My beloved parents, Rasyad Laoli and Salmiah. Thank you for all your

motivations, advices, prays, loves and financial for me. I present this

paper for you.

 Dr. Matius C.A. Sembiring, M.A. as the Head of English Diploma

Study Program, who gives me a lot of knowledge.

 Drs. Parlindungan Purba, M. Hum. as my supervisor. Thank you for

the valuable time in giving the correction and constructive critics in

completing this paper.

 Dr. Syahron Lubis, M.A. as the Dean of Faculty of Letters, University of

Sumatera Utara.

 All lecturers in English Diploma Study Program for giving me advices and

knowledge.

 My lovely Siblings, Sri Dedek Eka Wati, Apriyani Syahfitri, Aprizul

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 Special thanks to my beloved girl Yurisa Ismi Rangkuti for your support,

cares, spirit and other things that help me to complete this paper.

 My entire friends in Pemerintahan Mahasiswa (PEMA), UKM Teater

‘O’, Himpunan Mahasiswa Islam (HMI), BTM Al-Iqbal, UBK SaHIVa, TNB, the Original and Gemapala. Thank you for the nice friendship during us together. I will never forget your kindness to me.

 My best friends: Zainul, Aseng, Arus, Oki, Ibnu, Sutan, Zuhri,

Amman. Naffy, Ferry, Maryadi, Agung and Rizky. Thank you for the nice friendship during our study. I will be missing the days we spent

together.

Finally, I do realize that this paper is still far from being perfect. Therefore, I

welcome any constructive critics and suggestions towards this paper. I hope this

paper will be a worthwhile for the readers.

Medan, June 2011

The writer,

R A Laoli

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ABSTRAK

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ABSTRACT

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ABSTRAK

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ABSTRACT

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1. INTRODUCTION

1.1 Background of the Study

Literature is creative expression of human imagination or wishes that it is

almost impossible to create an exact definition of it. Wellek & Warren (1971:3)

state that literature is the mirror of human life that portrays ‘human feeling,

thought, imagination and perception which can be viewed based on personal

judgment.

Literature can be divided into three genres, such as prose fiction, poetry

and drama. In the sense of literary, prose also called fiction, narrative text, or

narrative discourse. Fiction is a narrative work that tells something that is

imaginary, something that does not exist and happen in the real world. As a work

of imaginary, fiction directs various problems of man and humanity, life and

living. Fiction tells the various problems of human life in the interactions with the

environment and others. Fiction is the result of dialogue, contemplation, and

reactions to the environment and the life of the author.

Novel is fictional prose narrative of considerable length, typically having a

plot that is unfolded by the actions, speech and thoughts of the characters. Novel,

nearly always an extended fictional prose narrative, although some novel are very

short, some are non fictional, some have been written in verse and some not even

tell a story, novel is fictitious kind of writing.

Novel is a world specially made in words by an author. A novel exists in

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way. This means that novels are not real life. Like all works of art poems, plays,

pots or pieces of music – they have been constructed or crafted. (Gill, 1985:77).

There are two important elements in fiction, intrinsic and extrinsic

elements. Extrinsic elements include: religion, education, custom, etc. while

intrinsic elements include: theme, plot, character, setting, and point of view.

Ranah 3 Warna is secondly novel in Negeri 5 Menara trilogy. It has made

by Ahmad Fuadi, one of the young novelists in Indonesia who has a great talent in

literature. The story in Ranah 3 Warna novel is inspired by his life story. This

novel narrates how dreams and ideals must be fought all-out.

I am interested in analyzing the intrinsic elements in Ranah 3 Warna

novel, because it has an attractive theme, plot, character, setting and point of view.

And also I want to understand a work of literature with all the elements that each

other be related, including theme which is underlying the story, the plot is a series

of events that can also lead to conflict, then the character which describes how the

characters play a role in the literature, the setting indicates when and where any

incident took place, until those elements were packed in a view point of the author

is called point of view.

Ranah 3 Warna describes how all the elements of literature created so

beautifully. How does the author give the basic story that rarely made by other

authors, how the author create unexpected conflict occurs in the novel, then how

make the characters that can inspire many people, and expertise of the author in

choosing some of place that well known, such as ITB or Institute of Technology

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author combines all these elements in the point of view so that the novel is more

interesting and useful to the readers.

1.2 Scope of Study

Analyzing literature especially novel is not easy. The scope or limitation

of this analysis is to analyze only five intrinsic elements in Ahmad Fuadi’s novel

Ranah 3 Warna. There are theme, plot, character, setting, and point of view. It is

important to limit the writing in order avoid the readers from confusion.

1.3 Purpose of Study

The purpose of this study to analyze the intrinsic elements in Ranah 3

Warna novel, so that the writer can understand how the elements of literature

works include theme, plot, character, setting, and point of view made. So the story

ideas, conflict in the story, the characters in the story, the setting of place and

setting of time, until the point of view that created by the author can be analyzed

carefully. The writer hopes this analysis could help the readers who want to know

more about the messages in the novel.

1.4 Significance of Study

The significance of this paper is to enrich literary study especially in

literature of novel. The writer hope this analysis could become references for

further study of literary works whatever forms they will be.

1.5 Method of Research

Method of research conducted in this paper is the step by step method. The

first step is reading the main source data until finish; it is Ranah 3 Warna novel.

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texts in order to decide which ones of the text are relevant to the elements of

literature contained in the novel so that it can be conclude to this paper. The writer

also searches some data from books and internet that related with elements of

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2. REVIEW AND RELATED LITERATURE

2.1 Definition of Novel

Novel is the name of a literary kind and there is a story to tell about how,

over the centuries, its substance has widened and its conventions changed. Henry

James (Watson,1978: xi) in an excited moment, called the novel ‘independent,

elastic prodigious, and its story is as untidy as some of its masterpieces. If

Aristotle had ever read any novels, he would have needed a far wider canvas than

he allowed to tragedy in that surviving fragment of analysis known as the poetics.

Novella literally means 'a small new item' and then interpreted as 'a short

story in the form of prose' (Abrams,1981: 119). Novels and short stories are two

forms of literature that once called fiction. Differences between the novel and

short stories are a formality in terms of shape, in terms of story length. A long

story, let's say hundreds of pages, clearly can not be called as a short story, but

more appropriately called a novel. Because of its length, the novel can not inherit

the solid unity that belongs to the short story. The novel is also not able to make

the subject stand out like a microcosmic principle of short stories. Instead the

novel is able to present the development of one character, a complicated social

situation, relationships that involve many or few characters, and a variety of

complicated events occurring in greater detail. The novel is able to create a

complete universe at once complicated. This means that the novel is both easy and

more difficult to read when compared with the short story. It is said more easily

because the novel is not burdened with the responsibility to deliver something

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written in large scale units that contain a larger organization rather than short

stories.

The novel is educating us because novels can inform on some surprising

subjects. Like other kinds of story, a novel is a way of learning about how things

were cognitive instrument and those who distrust stories as evidence should

consider how often in conversation we use them to make points or answer

questions. For one thing, a novel is too untidy an object, often, to be seen as

regulated in its entirety and the patterns offered can be impoverishing the figure in

the carpet is not itself the carpet, or anything like it. A novel is a fund of

knowledge as well as a literary form and any pure and exclusive formalism

whether structuralize or other, flies in the face of much of the ordinary experience

of reading fiction.

Novel can freely express something, to present something more, more

detailed, more detail and more involving many complex problems. This includes

various the story elements that build the novel. (Nurgiyantoro, trans.2005:11).

Novels, however are fictional, that is to say, they have been made up. A

character in a novel can’t be compared to a real person from whom he or she has

been copied, because, for example, there is no Jane Eyre in real life. She, or any

other character in a novel, only exists on the page. If an author tells you that a

character is five foot with blue eyes, you can’t say: ‘no, I think the character is

nearly six foot with brown eyes’.

Novel is one of many possible prose narrative forms. Richard Gill in his

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something specially made by an author so that a reader will respond to it in a

particular way. The good candidate has recognized three things about a novel: the

events of the novel, the author who has created them, and the reader for whom the

novel is written. In any good writing about a novel, these three things should be

mentioned. They are, however not separable. For instance, the events of a novel

are only there because the author has put them there, and they are only recognized

as events when read by a reader.

The author, of course is the most important element; the events of the

novel and the reactions of the reader depend upon what he or she chooses to do.

Because without an author there could be no book at all, but there is also a much

more important reason: a novel is a world specially made in words by an author.

2.2 The Instrinsic Elements of Novel

Element of literature denote the things that are used to make up a work

literature. There are different types and forms of literature. They are novel, drama,

poetry, biography, non-fictional prose, essay, epic and short story. All these types

of literature have some elements. To complete a piece of literature, a writer,

dramatist or novelist needs to use certain elements like theme, plot, character, etc.

However, elements of fiction and elements differ from elements of poetry.

Extrinsic and intrinsic approaches to literature are employed by critics to

evaluate literature according to understandings of the world. Extrinsic and

intrinsic approaches to literature are ways to criticize literature in different terms.

In intrinsic approach, the critic is mainly concerned with the form, language, style,

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Intrinsic is also called formalism as the critic’s basic interest is in the form of the

text. In comparison to intrinsic, the extrinsic approach makes the critic to give

more importance to the context of a text. It means that he is mainly interested in

the background, history, social conditions and biography of the author.

Analysis of the intrinsic elements in literary is an analysis of the literary

work itself without looking the related with the data beyond the literary work.

(Sukada, trans.1987:51). In this chapter, the writer analyzes further about intrinsic

elements in Ranah 3 Warna novel. There are five elements to develop the story. It

consists of theme, plot, character, setting, and point of view.

2.2.1 The Theme

Theme is one of the fundamental components of fiction. Theme means

what the novel can be summed up as saying. Another way of putting it would be

to talk of the ‘ideas’ of the book. According to Wikipedia, theme is a broad idea,

message or moral of a story. The message may be about life, society or human

nature. Themes often explore timeless and universal ideas and are almost implied

rather than stated explicitly.

To determine the main meaning in a novel, we should know the definition

of theme itself. Hartoko & Harmanto state that “The theme is the basic common

idea that support of literary work that is contained in the text as a semantic

structure and related equations similarities or differences”. (Nurgiyantoro,

trans.1995.68).

A theme must represent the whole part of the story, because theme is basic

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theme of a story is individualistic and universal. Theme gives a strong to

explained unity of event that describing and also tells about life in common

context.

Thus, to find the theme of a work of fiction, it must be inferred from the

whole story, not only on the basis of certain parts of the story. Principal themes as

the meaning of a work of fiction are not deliberately hidden because of precisely

this that is offered to readers. However, the overall theme is the meaning of which

supported the story, by itself it will be hidden behind the story that supports it. As

a meaning, in general, the themes not depicted directly or specifically. The

existence or presence of the theme possesses the whole story and this is causes the

small probability for the direct depiction. And this is also the cause not easy

interpretation the themes. The main theme is interpretation of understanding by

the overall story. However, sometimes it can also found any sentences or

paragraphs of certain conversations that can be interpreted as something that

contains the main theme.

2.2.2 Plot

According to Stanton (1965:14), state that the plot is a story that contains

the sequence of events, but each incident was only connected in cause and effect,

the events that caused one and also cause the occurrence of other events.

Appearance of events for events that only based on the order of time is not

necessarily a plot. To be a plot, the events must be processed and made creatively,

so that the results of processing and making itself is something beautiful and

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Kenny (1966:14) points out the plot as the events are displayed in a not

simple story, because the author set the events was based on a causal connection.

The plot is basically sequences of events in logical and chronological relations are

interrelated and are caused or experienced by the characters. The plot outline is

divided into three parts, namely early, middle, and end. The first part contains the

exposition that contains instability and conflicts. The middle part contains the

climax which is the height of the conflict. The final section contains

troubleshooting (Wiyatmi, trans.2008:37).

The plot has a number of rules, namely plausibilitas, surprise, suspense,

and unity. The series of events arranged plausibilitasly. A story said is plausible to

remain within the framework of fiction. A story says makes sense if the story has

a truth, which is right for the story itself. In addition, the surprise also serves to

slow down or speed up the climax. Suspense arises when a series of events related

to previous events, arrive - arrived diverted to other events that are not related, so

the continuation of the event was delayed and experience uncertainty. The series

of events contained in a story has to have integrity. The existence of the early,

middle and end in a groove indicates the integrity of these.

In accordance with the composition of the events or its parts, the plot can

be divided into several types. There are the progressive plot and regressive plot. In

a progressive plot, the events arranged: early, middle, end. A novel is called

progressive if the events which are narrated chronologically, the first event

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flash back plot is arranged on the contrary, for example: the middle, beginning,

end or the end, beginning, middle.

On the basis of quantity, there are a single plot and plural plot. Plot is

called a single when the events contain only one primary event, while the plot is

called plural when containing a variety of primary events and other events. When

viewed from its quality, there are dense plot and loose plot. The dense plot is

when the main plot of the story doesn’t have a space to be added another plot.

Conversely, the loose plot is when it has possibility to inserting another plot.

2.2.3 Character

Characters, according to Abrams in Nurgiyantoro (Trans.1995:164) ‘are

the people who featured in a narrative or dramatic works that are interpreted to

have certain moral qualities and tendencies as expressed in speech and what is

done in action’.

Fiction is a form of creative work, so how authors create characters and

develop the story was not separated from the freedom of creativity. Fiction offers

the life model which attitudes and experienced by the characters of story

according to how the author in looking life itself. Because the author is

deliberately created the world in fiction, he has the complete freedom to display

the characters according to his taste, whoever the person, whatever his social

status, however his attitude and whatever the problems faced.

Although the characters are figure just created by the author, they should

be who living fairly as how the man in the real life which contained of blood and

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world, so they should be appropriate according to the story and the role that

played. If there are any other actions of characters from stories that have been

described previously, it should be on the responsibility of accountable in terms of

plot, so the story still has a higher plausibility level. Or if the characters act

strange in a reasonable life, they attitudes and actions must remain consistent. In

terms of its role, there is a character in a story that is rated important and is shown

continuously, so it felt to dominate most of the story, it is called the central / main

character. While there are also characters that only appear once or several times in

the story and it were probably in a relatively short portion, namely peripheral

character.

2.2.4 Setting

Setting is the foundation that leads to understanding the place, time

relations, and social environment where the occurrence of the events described. In

fiction, the background can be divided into three kinds, namely the setting place,

time, and social. The setting of place is related to geographical problems, the

location where the incident occurred, in what village, what city, and so forth. The

setting of time is related to matter of time, days, hours, and historical. The setting

of social is related to people’s lives (Wiyatmi,trans.2008:40). A story requires

clarity about where the accident occurred and when it happens to easy imagination

and understanding. That means that a story requires the setting of places, the

setting of time and the setting of social-cultural where the story took place.

According to Gill (1985:106), Setting is a broad word. It covers the places

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families, friends and class; the customs, beliefs and rules of behavior of their

society; the scenes that are the background or the situation for the events of the

novel; and the total atmosphere, mood or feel that id created by these. All of them

are examples of setting. When we study a novel, we should pay attention to

setting, because it can make a contribution to the book. A successful setting is one

which is appropriate to the section of the novel in which it appears and also,

possibly, to the book as whole.

Setting is important to development the story. Setting provides in a

concrete and clear. It will give a realistic impression for the reader. That is the

story told as if it is happening and earnestly. Provide basic background in concrete

and clear. This will give the reader a realistic impression, that is the story told as if

it happened and in earnest, so that the reader feels much easier to operate a good

imagination power to participate critically in relation to knowledge about the

setting. Readers feel to find something truly become a part of him when read the

story.

2.2.5 Point of View

The point of view can be interpreted as how a story is told. Abrams state

that the point of view is the way of the author used as a means of displaying the

characters, action, background, and various events that make up the story in a

fictional text to the readers. So, the point of view is the way, strategy, or tactic that

is deliberately chosen by the writer to express stories and ideas. Selection of point

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objectivity in telling stories, and it will also influence the level of plausibility of

the story.

Point of view distinguished by the form of persona which tells in the story.

Based on the persona, it can be divided into first-person point of view and third

person point of view. Based on two forms of persona, Lukens (2003:168)

distinguishes point of view into four categories, namely first person point of view,

omniscient point of view, limited omniscient point of view, and dramatic point of

view. According to Mitchell (2003:267), first person point of view and third

person point of view is still dominant, but in the writing of contemporary have

been modified in such away as to appear more attractive.

First person point of view displaying the “I” character as the center of

narration and central of story. The “I” character usually be the protagonist

character who tells about what he experienced, though only occurred in the mind

or the real, which is conducted verbally and none verbally. Third person point of

view shows the “He” character as the central of story. The character of “He”

appears with the title name such as he, she or they. The omniscient point of view

describes imagery of the some characters into the other characters concerning the

events that made and placed in the reality, or any event which tells the author's

mind that happened in hearts and minds of the characters and what is done in real,

and also actions and reactions that take place between the character, as the author

became a source of information to know everything. Limited omniscient point of

view does not give the author to tell about the character as told. The author has

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number of characters and events because the position that only the start of a

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3. THE ANALYSIS OF RANAH 3 WARNA NOVEL

3.1 The Theme

To look for the theme in a novel, we must read that novel till finish. Or

even we must repeat it to get the real correct theme. In Ranah 3 Warna novel, the

writer finds out the central theme and sub theme. The central theme in this novel

is Struggle for life. Then the sub theme in this novel is about love.

 Struggle for life

The story about struggle for life always appear in this novel, that is why

the writer decides that struggle for life is the central theme in Ranah 3 Warna

novel. The story happens when the main character, which is Alif, has graduated

from boarding school. Alif has a high dream, which want to become successful

person such as Mr. Habibie and study in Institute of Technology Bandung (ITB).

Mr. Habibie is one of the nation’s best people and has served as President

of Indonesia, which even his name is respected in many big countries in the world

for his research on method of aircraft, while ITB is the most popular college in

Indonesia. All of students in Indonesia want to study there. Since Mr. Habibie was

graduated of ITB, Alif be ambitious to studying in that favorite college.

The first struggle of Alif happens when he must be study hard to learning

all the lessons of senior high school that he never learned at boarding school to

follow senior high school equivalence test. Many people underestimated him. Alif

try to borrow the books from his friend or his neighbors that have the books of

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The next struggle is when his father died. So he must be looking for job

while he still studies in Padjajaran University in order to defraying his life and

give money to his mother and his younger siblings in the village. He received all

the employment offered to him, so he had three different jobs while studying. He

must sell the device need mothers like Mukena, veil, woven garments, etc. He

sold it to some places of social gatherings or family gatherings, he also a seller of

perfume door to door, and he must also teach private lesson in the afternoon.

Consequently, the schedule of his life changed drastically, no more free time. In

the morning he must study, so in the afternoon he teach private lesson, and in the

evening till night he around to sell his wares.

It can be seen from the quotation below:

Apa gunanya masa muda kalau tidak untuk memperjuangkan cita-cita besar dan membalas budi orang tua? Biarlah tulang mudaku ini remuk dan badanku susut. Aku ikhlas mengorbankan masa muda yang indah seperti yang dinikmati kawan-kawanku. Karena itu aku tidak boleh lemah. Aku harus keras pada diriku sendiri. Pedih harus aku rasai untuk tahu benar rasanya senang. Harus berjuang melebihi rata-rata orang lain.

(Fuadi, 2011:117)

What is the use of youth if not to fight for the ideals and help parents? Let my young bones are broken and my body shrinkage. I’m willing to sacrifice of beautiful who enjoyed by my friends. Therefore I must not be weak. I have to be hard on myself. The pain should I suppose to know the true taste delight. Have to fight more than the average of others.

(Fuadi, 2011:117)

 Love

Love is the sub theme in Ranah 3 Warna novel. The love story happens

when Alif always met with a girl who lived in the same area with him, in Dago

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Alif. Alif began fall in love with Raisa because they often met on the bus before

and after they study.

Raisa is also elected to the program of students exchange to Canada. This

makes they are increasingly being met, so that Alif become increasingly in love

with Raisa. But Randai, his close friends also loves Raisa. So they are involves in

a triangle love. Alif often feels jealous when he saw Randai trying to seduce

Raisa. But Raisa more pleased to be associated with Randai because Randai could

teach her the traditional arts of Indonesia than Alif.

Jangan – jangan mereka masih saling kontak sampai sekarang. Ada yang berdenyut keras di jantungku. Aku begitu bodoh selama ini. Aku menekur memandang sepatuku, si hitam yang seperti mencibir mengejek kebodohanku. Tapi, hei, kenapa aku harus merasa cemburu? Bukankah hak Raisa untuk menyebut nama siapa saja, termasuk Randai? Ada apa denganku?

Olala. Inikah rasanya jatuh hati ? (Fuadi,2011:422)

Are they still contact each other until now? There is a loud pulsing in my heart. I am so stupid up till now. I look at my shoes, the black like as sneering mocking my ignorance. But, hei, why should I feel jealous? Raisa may name anyone, including of Randai? What’s wrong with me?

Olala. Is this the falling in love? (Fuadi, 2011:422)

3.2 Plot

In Ranah 3 Warna novel, the author tells the story step by step in a

chronologically manner. Thus, Ranah 3 Warna is using progressive plot. The story

began when Alif has graduated from boarding school, and he want to attends to

Institute of Technology Bandung (ITB) in accordance with his dream to follow his

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before he follows UMPTN to enter in his the favorite college. As graduates from

boarding school, he had no certificate of senior high school. And he must be

following the test to get the certificate. However, he also had no matter in

preparing himself to facing the test. He tries to borrow many books from his

friend and his neighbors, so he struggles to learn those books intensively round

the clock.

After passing the exam and be entitled to the certificate of senior high

school. He must study hard again to follows the next exam order to get into his

favorite college, ITB. He must struggle to pass the UMPTN test was only for two

months. He borrows all of senior high school books from his friend and his

neighbors. But hopes to be able to pass to ITB must be dashed, because he only

had a short time. Alif difficult to learning the lessons of senior high school has

never learned during at the boarding school first. So that he could only pursue the

lessons of IPS, while ITB only accept new students from IPA pathway.

The next conflict is when Alif involved in a triangle love. When Alif

secretly loves Raisa, probably his best friend, Randai also loves that girl too. Alif

and Raisa selected in the program of student exchange to Canada, while Randai

not selected. So it makes Alif be getting close to Raisa. But in fact that is told at

the ending of novel, Raisa choose Randai as her boyfriend, because she has a

strong principle in finding a partner. Such as that boy must has graduated from the

college and already working, while Alif not have a job and he lost quickly with

Randai who has graduated from the college earlier than him. However, Alif

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he still wants to continue his life and still continue to defend his ideals and dreams

to become reality.

Di panggung, Pak Rektor dan Pak Dekan telah menuggu dengan senyum lebar. Aku menyalami mereka, berterima kasih dengan mengangguk kecil. Dengan cepat, jari Pak Rektor memindahkan seutas benang di topi hitam datarku ke sebelah kanan. Lalu giliran Pak Dekan menggenggam tanganku kuat – kuat sambil menyerahkan sebuah map biru, berisi ijazah sarjanaku. Inilah detik persaksian penting dalam hidupku, ketika impianku telah bertukar menjadi kenyataan. Tuhan, Engkau Sungguh Maha Pengabul Impian.

(Fuadi,2011:453-454)

On the stage, the Rector and the Dean have been waiting with a big smile. I shook their hands, thanked with a small nod. Quickly, The Rector’s finger moves a thread in my flat black hat to the right. Then The Dean’s turn hold my hand strong as he handed a blue folder to me, containing an undergraduate degree. This is the second important testimony in my life, when my dreams has come true exchange. God you really almighty fulfilling dreams.

(Fuadi,2011:453-454)

3.3 Character

There are some characters in Ranah 3 Warna novel. In this chapter, the

writer will describe main characters and peripheral characters. There are three

main characters in this novel and seven peripheral characters.

3.3.1 Main Character  Alif

The first main character in this novel is Alif. Alif born and grow up in a

village near of Maninjau lake. He is very fanatics with Habibie and American

States. He is an eager beaver boy. His hobby is writing. Alif always writes down

his activity and expectation in his diary book. He is biggest from three child of his

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After finish from boarding school, Alif follow the equivalence test and

scrapping again to pass in UMPTN test. His expectation and drudge work make

him enter to University of Padjajaran, although many people underestimate with

him before.

In that university, Alif start new adventure in his life. He chosen became a

one of ten Indonesian student in students exchange program which held with

Indonesian and Canadian government. He get chance goes abroad to Jordanian

and Canada. So that, Alif can feels three different lands during following that

program. And he succeeds to get one of his dreams to come to American

continent.

Pagi itu, dengan mengepalkan tinjuku, aku bulatkan tekad, aku bulatkan doa: aku akan lulus ujian persamaan SMA dan berperang menaklukan UMPTN. Aku ingin membuktikan kalau niat kuat telah dihunus, halangan apapun akan aku tebas.

(Fuadi,2011:9)

In the morning, by clenching my fist, I rounded a determination, I round it off prayer: I will pass the high school equivalency test and struggled to conquer the UMPTN. I wants to prove the strong intentions has been unsheathed, any obstacle will I slash.

(Fuadi,2011:9)

 Raisa

She is a girl which have circular eye with eyelash curved. Raisa is

beautiful and sporty girl. She always using wool hat above her hair. Her rent

house resides in side Alif’s rent house, so that they often meet in a bus transport.

Raisa also study in the same university with Alif, but she is taking communication

majors. She also chosen become one of ten Indonesian students to following the

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Raisa ever live in Paris for years, therefore she is not difficulty to

conversing francophone when they arrived in province of Quebec, Canada. In

fact, Alif has like with Raisa since they meet first, but Alif embarrassed to tell it.

And he hope the opportunity go to Canada together will make he can express his

love to Raisa. Unhappily, Raisa like with the boy who has finished his study and

he has vision of life. Because that’s, finally Raisa choose Randai to became her

fiancé.

“Tipe cowok seperti apa sih yang kamu mau?”

“Dia harus dewasa cara berpikirnya. Punya visi dalam hidupnya, lalu dia harus bisa jadi tempat aku bersandar dalam hidup dan dalam agama. O ya, dia harus telah menyelesaikan kuliahnya. Aku tidak ingin nanti hubungan dijadikan alasan belum selesai kuliah, atau hubungan jadi tidak serius karena masih sibuk kuliah.”

(Fuadi,2011:442)

“The type of guy like what are you going?”

“He must be an adult way of thinking. Had a vision in life, then he should be able to be where I learn in life and religion. O yeah, he must has completed his study. I do not want later relationship as a reason not finished the study, or a relationship become not serious because is still busy in college.”

(Fuadi,2011:442)

 Randai

The last main character in Ranah 3 Warna novel is Randai. His full name

is Raymond Jeffrey. He is an only child in his family, her parents have convection

store in Bukit Tinggi. He is inclusive of lucky child because all of his wishes, he

always get it. Randai likes a traditional artistic of minang and he like to display

the traditional art in his room. He is Alif’s best friend from child. They always

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Randai also register to program of students exchange to Canada, but he is

not chosen. He only is reserve competitor. His goodness relationship with Alif

became not so hot because Alif damages his computer and he can’t finish his

assignment.

“Indak. Tidak. Masa komputer sendiri aku backup terus. Ini kan bukan rental,” katanya ketus. Aku semakin tidak enak hati.

“maaf, Randai, aden bisa Bantu apa? Mengetik ulang tugas wa’ang?” “mana mungkin wa’ang bisa Bantu. Ini kan pelajaran Teknik, pasti nggak ngerti!” suaranya meninggi. “tadi diapakan ini? Bertahun-tahun komputer ini nggak pernah rusak!” tangannya sekarang membuka kap CPU dengan kasar, mencabut beberapa kabel sekali renggut dengan keras.

“sekali lagi aden minta maaf, den tidak sengaja.” (Fuadi,2011:168)

“Indak. No. I own this computer period of backups kept. It’s not a rental,” he said curtly. I’m increasingly uncomfortable. “

“Sorry, Randai, what aden can help? Retyping wa’ang task?

“What possible wa’ang can help? It’s a technique lessons, definitely don’t understand!” His voice rising. “What are you doing with this? For years this computer never broken!” His hands now open the CPU roughly; pull out some wires ripped out loud once.

“Once again Aden apologize, den accidentally.” (Fuadi,2011:168)

3.3.2 Peripheral Character  Amak

The first peripheral character in Ranah 3 Warna novel is Amak. She is

Alif’s mother. She is a patient mother. After her husband is die, he must struggle

alone to be a bread winner to can defraying her child’s especially for Alif that

studying in outside town. She always gives the spirit when Alif feel boring or

surrender to fighting with storm of life. Till finally Alif finish his study and she

always prays Alif to be one who is successful.

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sudah wa’ang mulai. Selesaikan kuliah, Amak akan mendukung dengan sepenuh tenaga dan do’a. menuntut ilmu itu juga berjuang di jalan Tuhan. Insya Allah, Amak masih sanggup menghidupi kalian. Dengan cara apa pun.”

(Fuadi,2011:105)

“Amak sad because can’t provide for wa’ang overseas. But don’t ever dare go home without completing what already wa’ang has started. Finish your studies, Amak will support with all my strength and prayer. Studying it also fought in the way of God. Insya Allah, Amak still able to support you, in any way.”

(Fuadi,2011:105)

 Ayah

Ayah is mercifulness father. He very loves to his children. He sold his

favorite motor cycle ungrudgingly to can defraying school fee of Alif. Ayah

always gives consolation to Alif until he has spirit again to study hard. He often

invites Alif to watching football match or brings him to eat durian together

“Lagi baca apa?” Tanya Ayah Pendek.

Aku mengulur waktu dengan melayangkan pandangan ke mejaku yang penuh tumpukan buku. “banyak, Yah, semuanya itu,” jawabku defensif. Ayah diam saja, seperti kurang yakin. Tangan dibalik badannya di bawa ke depan dan menyodorkan sesuatu kepadaku.

“kalau sedang istirahat, ini ada selingan. Tabloid Bola dengan jadwal Piala Eropa dan karupuak sanjai. Baru Ayah beli di Bukittinggi.”

“Terima kasih, Yah. Tapi nanti saja ambo baca. Masih banyak bacaan pelajaran kelas 2.” Aku pura-pura serius belajar. Padahal bosannya minta ampun.

(Fuadi,2011:17)

“After reading what?” said father short.

I gain time by glanced over to my desk filled whit stacks of books. “A lot, well, all that.” I replied defensively.

My father said nothing, as less confident. Hands behind his body was brought forward and handed me something.

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 Bang Togar

Bang Togar is an editor head of a campus magazine where Alif enter there.

He is Alif’s teacher to learn writing. People say that he is arrogant. Because his

attitude which gruff. But in fact he is kindness. Many people wish to learn writing

to him. However, they were surrendering early because cannot bear with her

teach.

“Ada apa kau?” tanyanya mengagetkan aku. Baru mau mendekat saja sudah disalak.

“Ehmm, Bang, aku anak baru…”

“Iya aku tahu. Tadi sudah kenalan, kan?”

“Bang, aku ingin sekali bisa menulis. Tapi menulis sekaliber Abang. Tidak hanya di majalah kampus, tapi ingin dimuat media nasional.”

Dia menataku sebentar. Mengernyitkan kening, mungkin tidak yakin dengan apa yang dia dengar.

“Benar, kau ingin menulis bagus?”

“Sudah tujuanku, Bang. Aku ingin belajar sama Abang.”

“Menulis kaliber nasional itu butuh kerja keras dan tidak gampang.” “Aku siap kerja keras, Bang.”

“Setiap tahun selalu ada yang bilang begini, tapi mereka gugur dan tidak kuat.”

“Aku berbeda, Bang.” Kataku berani sambil mengngguk kencang.

“Tidak yakin aku. Sudah banyak yang bikin aku kecewa. Semangatnya cuma seminggu, setelah itu kempis. Malas aku, capek-capek aku ajar, tak ada hasilnya.”

(Fuadi,2011:67)

“What are you doing?’ he asked, surprising me. The new approach would have been disalak.

“Ehmm, Bang, I’m new member…”

“Yeah I know. Had been acquaintances, right?”

“Bang, I wish could writing. But, writing like Abang. Not only in the campus magazine, but want to loaded in the national media.”

He looks at me briefly. Frowned, perhaps unsure of what he hears. “Right, you want to write well?”

“It is my goal, Bang. I want to learn with you.”

“Writing a national caliber it takes hard work and not easy.” “I’m ready to work hard, Bang.”

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“I’m not sure. Have a lot that makes me disappointed. Her spirit was just a week after it deflated. I’m lazy, tired I teach, to no avail.”

(Fuadi,2011:67)

 Rusdi

He has nickname as prince of poetry. Actually his name is Rusdi Satria

Banjari. He is the original of Suku Banjar. Rusdi is a nationalism boy. He always

brings Indonesian flag wherever he goes. All of his accessories were colored with

red and white. He always tells about nationalism, forest, police and spy. One more

of his excess is making traditional poetry. He can make traditional poetry quickly

whenever wherever.

Dalam situasi apa saja, dia mampu merangkai pantun dalam hitungan detik atau kerjapan mata. Ketika Roni, kawanku utusan Jakarta, menertawakan gayanya yang terlihat kampungan, Rusdi tidak tersinggung. Malah dia maju mendekati Roni. Dia angkat sedikit dagunya dan tangan maju ke muka ditekuk 45 derajat. Lalu dari mulutnya mengalirlah sebuah pantun: Ikan tenggiri masuk ke bubu

Dimakan kering diatas kereta Mari anak negeri saling bersatu Bukan saling hina saling cela (Fuadi,2011:221)

In any situation, he was able to compose traditional poetry in a matter of second or a flicker of eye. When Roni, my friend envoy Jakarta, laughed him at his style that looks tacky, Rusdi not offended. In fact, he advances toward Roni. He lifted his chin and hand slightly forward bent 45 degrees. Then from his mouth flowed a rhyme:

Ikan tenggiri masuk ke bubu Dimakan kering diatas kereta Mari anak negeri saling bersatu Bukan saling hina saling cela (Fuadi,2011:221)

 Ferdinand

Ferdinand is foster father of Alif when he follows the program of students

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his head. He could only say yes, no and thank you in English, except that he

always uses the French language quickly. He just lived with his wife Madeleine at

Quebec province, because all of their children have married.

“Bagaimana kalian bisa bicara satu sama lain?” “kami punya bahasa persatuan, bahasa Indonesia.”

Ferdinand menggeleng-geleng heran. “Magnifique! Luar biasa! Entah bagaimana kalian bisa mengajarkan 1 bahasa ke ratusan juta orang yang berbeda bahasa ibu, kami saja hanya dua bahasa, Inggris dan Perancis susah.”

(Fuadi,2011:315)

“How can you talk each other?”

“We have a national language, Bahasa Indonesia.”

Ferdinand shook his head in wonder, “Maqnifique! Amazing! How you can teach a language to hundreds of millions of people of different native languages, we have only two languages, English and French hard.” (Fuadi, 2011:315)

 Madeilene

She is a mother who no longer young and has blue big eyes. Her hair is

brown and blond. He was a very loving mother. When Alif stay at her home, she

always wakes Alif for prayer and always makes Alif favorite food. And when Alif

must return to Indonesia, he was so sad till cry because she and her husband have

considered Alif as their own child.

“Kita akan makan malam special hari ini untuk merayakan ulang tahun perkawinan kami,”kata Madeleine sambil memeluk Ferdinand di pinggang.

“Dan jangan khawatir, makanan yang saya masak hari ini semua bisa kamu makan. Pokoknya selama kamu tinggal bersama kami, kami tidak memasak babi.”

(Fuadi,2011:313)

“We will have special dinner today to celebrate our wedding anniversary,” Madeilene said, hugging Ferdinand at the waist.

“And don’t worry, the food I cook these days all you can eat. Just as long as you stay with us, we do not cook pork.”

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 Franc

He is a partner Alif in program of student exchange in Canada. His full

name is Francois Pepin. Franc is a handsome boy. He is a sociology student at the

Laval University, Canada. He is very interested in Asian culture. He could only

speak in French, during his life; he has never gone out of his home province of

Quebec. Franc very pleased when Alif become a partner, so that makes him can

learn English and also can recognize Asian culture directly.

“I… do not… speak …English good,” katanya sekali lagi sambil menggeleng-geleng pasrah. Apa aku salah dengar? Dia tidak bisa bicara bahasa Inggris dengan baik?

Tidak pernah terbayangkan olehku kalau seorang bule di Kanada ini ingin belajar bahasa inggris dari aku. Ironis sekali, karena salah satu niatku ikut program ini adalah memperbaiki bahasa inggris-ku. Ada sekilas kecewa terbit di hatiku.

(Fuadi,2011:273)

“I ... do not... speak ... English good,” he said again, shaking his head in resignation. Did i hear correctly? He could not speak English well?

Not once unimaginable to me that an albino in Canada wanted to learn English for me. Very ironic. Because one of my intention to join this program is to improve my English. There appeared dissappointed briefly in my heart.

(Fuadi,2011:273)

3.4 Setting

In this paper, the writer will analyzes the setting into two parts, setting of

place and setting of time.

3.4.1 Setting of Place

In Ranah 3 Warna novel, the author takes three countries as the place, in

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Saint Raymond, Quebec in Canada. After that, some other places that taken in the

novel is Maninjau, Bukit Tinggi West Sumatra, Cibubur Camp and Padjajaran

University West Java.

3.4.2 Setting of Time

The author of Ranah 3 Warna novel doesn’t tell the exact time when the

story began. In this novel, he author only describe that the story began when the

main character has graduated from boarding school and he come back to his

village.

Hampir serentak, tangan kami mengayun joran ke air yang biru. Bukan supareh yang kami incar, tapi ikan yang lebih besar seperti gariang atau kalian panjang. Randai sedang libur panjang dari ITB dan aku baru tamat dari pondok Madani di Ponorogo. Ini saat menikmati kembali suasana kampung kami.

(Fuadi,2011:1)

Almost to unison, our hands waving the rod into the blue water, not supareh that we seek, but the bigger fish like gariang or kalian panjang. Randai was long holiday from ITB and I just graduated from the boarding school, Pondok Madani. It’s time to enjoy again our village atmosphere. (Fuadi,2011:1)

3.5 Point of View

The author of Ranah 3 Warna novel uses the first person point of view as

his technique to writing. The author uses the “I” as main character. The “I”

character in this novel is Alif. Alif acts as a person who experiences the actions,

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4. CONCLUSIONS AND SUGGESTIONS

4.1 Conclusions

After analyzing the intrinsic elements of Ahmad Fuadi’s novel Ranah 3

Warna, in this chapter the writer would like to conclude the analysis of the novel

as follow:

1. The Theme

The theme of Ranah 3 Warna novel is about struggle of life and love

that experienced by Alif as the main character in this novel. He proves

that with the struggle and patience, all of our wish and dream will be

come true.

2. The Plot

The author of Ranah 3 Warna novel uses the progressive plot. The

story start from Alif has graduated from boarding school and then tells

step by step to the last step when the main character finished her study

in Padjajaran University.

3. The Character

In Ranah 3 Warna novel, there are three main characters and seven

peripheral characters. The central character is Alif.

4. The Setting

The setting of places in Ranah 3 Warna is in Bandung in Indonesia,

Amman in Jordanian and Quebec in Canada country. The writer

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5. The Point of View

In this novel, the author uses the first person point of view as his

technique to writing this novel. The author uses “I” as main character

that played of Alif. Alif acts as a person who experiences the actions,

events and become center of the story.

6. The Style

Ranah 3 Warna novel using some foreign expression sentences to

describe the situation in the story. The author also inserts some

technical term and language of West Sumatra.

4.2 Suggestion

After explaining and analyzing the intrinsic elements of Ranah 3 Warna

novel, I would hope this paper will make the readers can understand about story

and get more knowledge about how the intrinsic value is very important in a

novel. So many things found in this novel are very interesting to analyze further. I

realize that paper is still far from being perfect and in writing this paper, I only

used the simple words. So, I approve a constructive criticism to my paper so that

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REFERENCES

Abrams, M.H. 1971,1981. A Glossary of Literary Term. New York: Holt, Rinehart and Winston,Inc.

Fuadi, Ahmad. 2011. Ranah 3 Warna. Jakarta: PT Gramedia Pustaka Utama.

Gill, Richard. 1985. Mastering English Literature. London: McMillan Education LTD.

Hamalian, Leo and Karl, Frederick R.1967. The Shape of Fiction. McGraw Hill Inc.Printed in United Stated of American.

Lukens, Rebecca J. 1999. A Critical Handbook of Children’s Literature. New York: Longman.

Nurgiyantoro, Burhan.1995. Teori Pengkajian Fiksi. Yogyakarta: Gajah Mada University Press.

Robert, Edgar V, Jacobs, Henry E. 1985. Literature: Introduction to Reading and Writing. USA: A Simon and Schuster Company.

Stanton, Robert.1965. An Introduction to Fiction. New York: Holt, Rinehart and Winston, Inc.

Sukada, Made. 1987. Pembinaan Kritik Sastra Indonesia Masalah Sistematika Analisis Struktur Fiksi. Bandung: Angkasa.

Wellek, Rene and Austin Warren.1956,1962. Theory of Literature. New York: A Harvest Books.

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APPENDICES

BIOGRAPHY OF AHMAD FUADI

Ahmad Fuadi born in Bayur, a small village on the edge of Lake Maninjau

in 1972, not far from the Buya Hamka village. Fuadi migrated to Java, to obey his

mother's request to enter religious schools. In modern cottage Gontor he met with

scholars and religious teachers who teach science sincerity blessed life and

afterlife science. Gontor also taught him a simple "mantra" but it is very strong,

man jadda wajada, “who is conscientious - it will be successful”. After graduating

from boarding school, he connects education to Padjadjaran University, taking in

international relations. After graduating his education in UNPAD, he became a

magazine journalist Tempo. His first journalism class is endured in way of

reporting duties under the guided by senior journalists Tempo.

In 1999, he received a Fulbright scholarship to study S-2 at the School of

Media and Public Affairs, George Washington University, USA. Traveled to

Washington DC with Yayi, his wife who is also a Tempo journalist is childhood

dream come true. When in the college, they become due and journalist

correspondent of Voice of America (VOA), the news 11 September tragedy of

historic as the two of them reported directly from the pentagon, White House and

Capitol Hill. In 2004, another world window opens again when he got the

Chevening scholarship award to study at Royal Holloway, University of London

to the field of documentary film. Fuadi Always motivated to continue their

education by seeking a scholarship so that he earned the nickname as scholarship

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Until now, Fuadi already get eight scholarships to study abroad. He has

had the opportunity to live and study in Canada, Singapore, the United States and

England. This photography lover has become the communication director of The

Nature Conservancy, an international conservation NGO. Now, Fuady busy write,

be speaker and motivator. He is beginning to work making Negeri 5 Menara film

and build foundation social to help education one who doesn’t can, namely

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SUMMARY

Ranah 3 Warna is secondly novel in Negeri 5 Menara trilogy. It has made

by Ahmad Fuadi, one of the young novelists in Indonesia who has a great talent in

literature. The story in Ranah 3 Warna novel is inspired by his life story. This

novel narrates how dreams and ideals must be fought all-out. The main character

in this novel, Alif, a minang boy which has graduated from boarding school want

to clutch his dream to became Pak Habibie. He wants to enter to Institut

Tekhnologi Bandung (ITB), same as his idol. But he don’t have certificate of

senior high school to can register in the college, because he only graduated from

boarding school.

For his dream and aspire, he has strong spirit to follow senior high school

equivalence test and study hard until pass for the exam. And he deserves to get the

senior high school certificate. However, a new challenge came again; he must

struggle once again in his life. Alif have to competition with all of contestant from

all region of Indonesia in UMPTN test to enter the college.

Alif succeed enter to the university although not in ITB, university which

his envisioned before. But he has succeeded to make his parent even happier.

After going to Java Island for study in Universitas Padjajaran, his father died, so

that, he must looking for the job to defraying his tuition and also to scrape his

living.

When Alif studies and lives in the Dago area, Bandung city. He always

meets with a beautiful girl in a bus transport in homeward bound to his rent house.

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also has a rent house in Dago area. She has famous as idol girl in the area. All

man like with her, inclusive of Randai, Alif’s best friend.

Alif is so sad when his father died. So he must be looking for job while he

still studies in Padjajaran University in order to defraying his life and give money

to his mother and his younger siblings in the village. He received all the

employment offered to him, so he had three different jobs while studying. He