ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ ﭘﺎﯾﺪاري اﮐﺴﯿﺪاﺗﯿﻮ و ﺧﻮاص ﻓﯿﺰﯾﮑﻮﺷﯿﻤﯿﺎﯾﯽ روﻏﻦ 3

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ﺮﺑ ﯽﻧدﺮﮐ خﺮﺳ ﻦﻏور ﯽﯾﺎﯿﻤﯿﺷﻮﮑﯾﺰﯿﻓ صاﻮﺧ و ﻮﯿﺗاﺪﯿﺴﮐا يراﺪﯾﺎﭘ ﯽﺳرﺮﺑ يﺮﯿﮔﻮﺑ و يﺮﺒﮕﻧر ﻒﻠﺘﺨﻣ ﻂﯾاﺮﺷ ﺖﺤﺗ نادﺮﮕﺑﺎﺘﻓآ و ﺎﯾﻮﺳ ،ﻢﻟﺎﭘ ﻪﯾﺎﭘ

ﺳﯿ ﻤﯿ ﺖﺧﺪﻨ ﺮﺘﻧﻼﮐرﻮﭘ

،

1

ﺳﯿ ﻤﯿ ﻦ ﻬﻠﻟاﺪﺳا

2

ﯽ

،



ﺎﺿرﺪﻤﺤﻣ ﻗﺎﺤﺳا

3

ﯽ

1 - ﻮﺠﺸﻧاد ي ﺳﺎﻨﺷرﺎﮐ ﯽ ﺪﺷرا مﻮﻠﻋ و ﺎﻨﺻ ﯾﻊ اﺬﻏ ﯽﯾ

، هﺎﮕﺸﻧاد دازآ ﻣﻼﺳا ﯽ ﺪﺣاو ﭘﯿ ﺸ

،اﻮ ﻣارو ﯿ ﻦ

2 - دﺎﺘﺳا ﯾ

،رﺎ هوﺮﮔ مﻮﻠﻋ و ﺎﻨﺻ ﯾﻊ اﺬﻏ ﯽﯾ

، هﺎﮕﺸﻧاد دازآ ﻣﻼﺳا ﯽ ﺪﺣاو ﭘﯿ

،اﻮﺸ ﻣارو ﯿ ﻦ

3 - دﺎﺘﺳا ﯾ

،رﺎ هوﺮﮔ مﻮﻠﻋ و ﺎﻨﺻ ﯾﻊ اﺬﻏ ﯽﯾ

، هﺎﮕﺸﻧاد دازآ ﻣﻼﺳا ﯽ ﺪﺣاو ﭘﯿ

،اﻮﺸ ﻣارو ﯿ ﻦ

) رﺎﺗ ﯾ ﺦ رد ﯾ ﺖﻓﺎ : 25 / 03 / 96 رﺎﺗ ﯾ ﺦ ﺬﭘ ﯾ شﺮ : 06 / 05 / 97 (

هﺪﯿﮑﭼ

ﻞﺣاﺮﻣ ﺮﺛا ﯽﺳرﺮﺑ ﻪﺑ ﺶﻫوﮋﭘ ﻦﯾا رد ﺐﯾﺮﺿ ،ﯽﻧﻮﺑﺎﺻ دﺪﻋ ،يﺪﯾ دﺪﻋ ،بﺮﭼ يﺎﻫﺪﯿﺳا ﺐﯿﮐﺮﺗ ﻞﻣﺎﺷ ﯽﯾﺎﯿﻤﯿﺷﻮﮑﯾﺰﯿﻓ تﺎﯿﺻﻮﺼﺧ ﺮﺑ يﺮﯿﮔﻮﺑ و يﺮﺒﮕﻧر

ﺪﺷ ﻪﺘﺧادﺮﭘ ﺖﻤﯿﺴﻧر نﻮﻣزآ و يﺪﯿﺳا دﺪﻋ ،ﻦﯾﺪﯾﺰﯿﻧآ دﺪﻋ ،ﺪﯿﺴﮐاﺮﭘ دﺪﻋ ﻞﻣﺎﺷ ﯽﻧدﺮﮐ خﺮﺳ ﻦﻏور يراﺪﯾﺎﭘ و ﺖﺴﮑﺷ .

حﻮﻄﺳ رد ﺮﺒﮕﻧﺮﮐﺎﺧﺪﺻرد زا

8/

0 ، 1 و 2/

1 ) ﯽﻧزو / ﯽﻧزو ( يﺎﻣد،

200 و 220 ) C (° و رﺎﺸﻓ 2 و 3 ) رﺎﺑ ﯽﻠﯿﻣ ( ﻦﻏور ﻪﯿﻔﺼﺗ ﺪﻨﯾاﺮﻓ ياﺮﺑ ﺪﺷ هدﺎﻔﺘﺳا ﺎﻫ

. ﺪﻨﯾاﺮﻓ ﻪﮐ ﺪﻧداد نﺎﺸﻧ ﺞﯾﺎﺘﻧ

ﺖﺴﮑﺷ ﺐﯾﺮﺿ و ﯽﻧﻮﺑﺎﺻ دﺪﻋ ،يﺪﯾ دﺪﻋ ،بﺮﭼ يﺎﻫﺪﯿﺳا ﺐﯿﮐﺮﺗ ﺮﯿﻈﻧ ﯽﯾﺎﯿﻤﯿﺷﻮﮑﯾﺰﯿﻓ تﺎﯿﺻﻮﺼﺧ ﺮﺑ يراد ﯽﻨﻌﻣ ﺮﺛا ﭻﯿﻫ يﺮﯿﮔﻮﺑ و يﺮﺒﮕﻧر ﻦﻏور ﺖﺷاﺬﮔ ﺪﻫاﻮﺨﻧ ﯽﻧدﺮﮐ خﺮﺳ يﺎﻫ .

ﮐا يراﺪﯾﺎﭘ ﯽﺳرﺮﺑ ﻪﻧﻮﻤﻧ ﻮﯿﺗاﺪﯿﺴ

رﺎﺘﺧﺎﺳ ﺐﯾﺮﺨﺗ ﺶﯾاﺰﻓا ﻪﺑ ﺮﺠﻨﻣ ﺮﺒﮕﻧر كﺎﺧ ﺪﺻرد ﺶﯾاﺰﻓا ﻪﮐ داد نﺎﺸﻧ ﺎﻫ

ﺖﻓﺎﯾ ﺶﻫﺎﮐ ﺪﯿﺴﮐاﺮﭘ دﺪﻋ ﻪﺠﯿﺘﻧ رد و هﺪﺷ بﺮﭼ ﺪﯿﺳا يﺎﻫﺪﯿﺴﮐاﺮﭘورﺪﯿﻫ .

ﻪﻠﺣﺮﻣ نﺎﯾﺎﭘ رد ،ﺪﯿﺴﮐاﺮﭘ دﺪﻋ ياﺮﺑ هﺪﻣآ ﺖﺳد ﻪﺑ ﻪﺠﯿﺘﻧ فﻼﺧ ﺮﺑ ﺎﻣا

ﻪﻧﻮﻤﻧ رد ﻦﯾﺪﯾﺰﯿﻧآ دﺪﻋ يﺮﺒﮕﻧر ﺮﺗﻻﺎﺑ ﺪﺻرد ﺎﺑ ﻪﮐ ﯽﯾﺎﻫ

داد نﺎﺸﻧ ﯽﻬﺟﻮﺗ ﻞﺑﺎﻗ ﺶﯾاﺰﻓا ﺪﻧﺪﺷ ﺪﻨﯾاﺮﻓ ﺮﺒﮕﻧر كﺎﺧ .

تﻻﻮﺼﺤﻣ يﺮﯿﮔﻮﺑ يﺎﻣد ﺶﯾاﺰﻓا ﺎﺑ

ﺶﯿﺑ ناﺰﯿﻣ ﻪﺑ ﺶﯾﺎﺴﮐا ﻪﯾﻮﻧﺎﺛ ﺪﻧﺪﺷ فﺬﺣ يﺮﺗ

. ﻪﻧﻮﻤﻧ داد نﺎﺸﻧ ﯽﺸﯾﺎﺴﮐا يراﺪﯾﺎﭘ نﺎﻣز ﺞﯾﺎﺘﻧ نﺎﻣز ياراد ﺪﻧﺪﺷ يﺮﯿﮔﻮﺑ ﺮﺗﻻﺎﺑ رﺎﺸﻓ و ﺎﻣد رد ﻪﮐ ﯽﯾﺎﻫ

ﻢﮐ ﺖﻣوﺎﻘﻣ ﺪﻨﺘﺴﻫ يﺮﺗ

.

نﺎﮔژاو ﺪﯿﻠﮐ :

ﻦﻏور ﻮﯿﺗاﺪﯿﺴﮐا يراﺪﯾﺎﭘ ،ﯽﯾﺎﯿﻤﯿﺷﻮﮑﯾﺰﯿﻓ تﺎﯿﺻﻮﺼﺧ ،يﺮﯿﮔﻮﺑ ﻂﯾاﺮﺷ ،يﺮﺒﮕﻧر ﻂﯾاﺮﺷ ،ﯽﻧدﺮﮐ خﺮﺳ

تﺎﺒﺗﺎﮑﻣ لﻮﺌﺴﻣ

:

[email protected]

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1 - ﻪﻣﺪﻘﻣ

ﻦﻏور ﺮﺛا ﺐﻠﻏا ﻪﮐ ﺪﻨﺘﺴﻫ ﯽﺼﻟﺎﺧﺎﻧ تﺎﺒﯿﮐﺮﺗ ياراد ﯽﺗﺎﺒﻧ يﺎﻫ

ﯽﮔﮋﯾو ﺮﺑ ﯽﺒﺳﺎﻨﻣﺎﻧ نآ ﯽﻔﯿﮐ و ﯽﯾﺎﯿﻤﯿﺷﻮﮑﯾﺰﯿﻓ يﺎﻫ

دراﺬﮔ ﯽﻣ ﺎﻫ .

ﻪﺑ ناﻮﺗ ﯽﻣ بﻮﻠﻄﻣﺎﻧ و ﺺﻟﺎﺧﺎﻧ تﺎﺒﯿﮐﺮﺗ ﻦﯾا زا يﺎﻫﺪﯿﺳا

ﯽﻣ ﻦﻏور دود ﻪﻄﻘﻧ و ﺖﯿﻔﯿﮐ ﺶﻫﺎﮐ ﺐﺟﻮﻣ ﻪﮐ دازآ بﺮﭼ زا ﯽﺸﺨﺑ دﻮﺧ يﺮﯾﺎﻔﯿﺴﻟﻮﻣا ﺶﻘﻧ ﺎﺑ ﻪﮐ ﺎﻫﺪﯿﭙﯿﻟﻮﻔﺴﻓ ،ﺪﻧﻮﺷ و جرﺎﺧ يزﺎﺳ ﯽﺜﻨﺧ ﻪﻠﺣﺮﻣ رد ﻮﺸﺘﺴﺷ بآ ﺎﺑ هاﺮﻤﻫ ار ﻦﻏور رد ﻪﮐ ﺎﻫ مﻮﻣ ،ﺪﻫد ﯽﻣ ﺶﻫﺎﮐ تﺪﺷ ﻪﺑ ار ﻦﻏور ﺪﯿﻟﻮﺗ هدزﺎﺑ ور يﺮﻫﺎﻇ ﺖﯿﻔﯿﮐ زا و هﺪﺷ ﻦﯿﺸﻧ ﻪﺗ ﻦﯿﯾﺎﭘ يﺎﻫﺎﻣد ﻦﻏ

ﻞﯿﻟد ﻪﺑ ﺎﻫ ﻞﯿﻓوﺮﻠﮐ و ﺪﯿﺋﻮﻨﺗورﺎﮐ ﺮﯿﻈﻧ ﺎﻫ ﻪﻧاﺪﮕﻧر ،ﺪﻨﻫﺎﮐ ﯽﻣ ﺐﺟﻮﻣ ﺪﻨﻨﮐ ﯽﻣ ﺎﻔﯾا نﻮﯿﺳاﺪﯿﺴﮐاﻮﺘﻓ يﺎﻫﺪﻨﯾآﺮﻓ رد ﻪﮐ ﯽﺸﻘﻧ ﻦﻏور ﺶﯾﺎﺴﮐا ﯽﮔﮋﯾو زا و هﺪﺷ ﺎﻫ

ﯽﻣ تﺪﺷ ﻪﺑ نآ ﯽﻔﯿﮐ يﺎﻫ

ﺮﺑ ﯽﺋﻮﺳ ﺮﺛا ﻪﮐ ﺎﻫ ﺶﮐ ﻒﻠﻋ هﺪﻧﺎﻣ ﯽﻗﺎﺑ ﻦﯿﻨﭽﻤﻫ و ﺪﻨﻫﺎﮐ ﻮﻤﻧ هرﺎﺷا ﺪﻧراﺬﮔ ﯽﻣ نﺎﺴﻧا ﺖﻣﻼﺳ د

1] ﺪﻨﯾآﺮﻓ ﯽﻠﮐ رﻮﻃ ﻪﺑ .[

ﻦﻏور ﻪﯿﻔﺼﺗ زا ﯽﮐارﻮﺧ يﺎﻫ

4 ﻎﻤﺻ ﻞﻣﺎﺷ ﯽﺳﺎﺳا ﻪﻠﺣﺮﻣ

ﺖﺳا هﺪﺷ ﻞﯿﮑﺸﺗ يﺮﯿﮔﻮﺑ و يﺮﺒﮕﻧر ،يزﺎﺳ ﯽﺜﻨﺧ ،يﺮﯿﮔ 2]

.[

ﺎﻫﺪﯿﺗﺎﻔﺴﻓ يزﺎﺳ جرﺎﺧ ،ﻦﻏور ﺶﯾﻻﺎﭘ لوا ﻪﻠﺣﺮﻣ ) ﺎﻫﺪﯿﭙﯿﻟﻮﻔﺴﻓ (

و بآ ﺎﺑ ﯽﺋادز ﻎﻤﺻ ﻪﻠﺣﺮﻣ ود ﻞﻣﺎﺷ ﻪﮐ ﺖﺳا

ﯿﺳ ﺪﯿﺳا و ﮏﯾﺮﻔﺴﻓ ﺪﯿﺳا ﺎﺑ ﯽﺋادز ﻎﻤﺻ ﺖﺳا ﮏﯾﺮﺘ

. زا ﺲﭘ

دازآ بﺮﭼ يﺎﻫﺪﯿﺳا يزﺎﺳ ﯽﺜﻨﺧ ﻪﻠﺣﺮﻣ رد ،يﺮﯿﮔ ﻎﻤﺻ ﺪﻨﯾآﺮﻓ ﻦﻏور زا لﻮﻠﺤﻣ ﺮﯿﻏ يﺎﻬﻧﻮﺑﺎﺻ ترﻮﺻ ﻪﺑ ﻦﻏور رد دﻮﺟﻮﻣ ﺪﻧﻮﺷ ﯽﻣ جرﺎﺧ .

،دازآ بﺮﭼ يﺎﻫﺪﯿﺳا تازاﻮﻣ ﻪﺑ ﻪﻠﺣﺮﻣ ﻦﯾا رد

زا يدﺎﯾز ﺮﯾدﺎﻘﻣ

،ﺎﻫ ﻪﻧاﺪﮕﻧر ﻎﻤﺻ

يﺎﻫ ﯽﻟﺎﻤﺘﺣا

،هﺪﻧﺎﻤﯿﻗﺎﺑ و

ﺮﯾﺎﺳ ﺎﻧ يﺎﻬﯿﺼﻟﺎﺧ نﻮﮔﺎﻧﻮﮔ

ﯾد ﺮﮕ ﻂﺳﻮﺗ هﺪﺷ ﺪﯿﻟﻮﺗ نﻮﺑﺎﺻ

و بﺬﺟ زا ﻦﻏور اﺪﺟ ﯽﻣ ﺪﻧﻮﺷ . ﻎﻤﺻ ﻞﺣاﺮﻣ مﺎﺠﻧا زا ﺲﭘ

زا ﯽﺷﺎﻧ بآ فﺬﺣ رﻮﻈﻨﻣ ﻪﺑ ﻦﻏور يزﺎﺳ ﯽﺜﻨﺧ و يﺮﯿﮔ ﻞﺣاﺮﻣ دراو و هﺪﺷ ﮏﺸﺧ يزﺎﺳ ﯽﺜﻨﺧ ﻪﻠﺣﺮﻣ رد ﻮﺸﺘﺴﺷ ﺪﺷ ﺪﻫاﻮﺧ يﺮﯿﮔﻮﺑ و يﺮﺒﮕﻧر 2،1]

يﺮﯿﮔﻮﺑ و يﺮﺒﮕﻧر ﻞﺣاﺮﻣ.[

ﻮﻣ بﻮﻠﻄﻣﺎﻧ تﺎﺒﯿﮐﺮﺗ ﺶﻫﺎﮐ رد ﯽﯾاﺰﺳ ﻪﺑ ﺶﻘﻧ ﻪﯿﻔﺼﺗ رد دﻮﺟ

ﻦﻏور ﺪﻨﺷﺎﺑ ﯽﻣ اراد ﯽﮐارﻮﺧ يﺎﻫ 3]

.[ ياﺮﺑ يﺮﺒﮕﻧر ﻪﻠﺣﺮﻣ رد

كﺎﺧ زا ،هﺪﻧﺎﻤﯿﻗﺎﺑ يﺎﻬﮕﻧر يزﺎﺳ جرﺎﺧ و ﯽﺋادز ﮓﻧر ﻞﯿﻤﮑﺗ هدﺎﻔﺘﺳا ﺮﺒﮕﻧر ﺪﻨﻨﮑﯿﻣ

. رد ﻦﯾا ﻪﻠﺣﺮﻣ ﻦﻏور ار ﺖﺤﺗ ﻂﯾاﺮﺷ

ءﻼﺧ ﺎﺑ كﺎﺧ ﺮﺒﮕﻧر روﺎﺠﻣ هدﺮﮐ و ﺲﭘ زا ﯽﻧﺰﻤﻫ و ﺖﺷﺬﮔ

نﺎﻣز ﺖﺣاﺮﺘﺳا )

ﺪﻧﺎﻣ (

،ﺐﺳﺎﻨﻣ ﻦﻏور ار دﺮﺳ بذﺎﺟ كﺎﺧ و

ﻪﺑ ﺖﺳا هدﺮﮐ بﺬﺟ دﻮﺧ ﻪﺑ ار ﺎﻫ ﻪﻧاﺪﮕﻧر ﻪﮐ ار هﺪﺷ هدوﺰﻓا ﺪﻧزﺎﺳ ﯽﻣ جرﺎﺧ ﻦﻏور زا نﻮﯿﺳاﺮﺘﻠﯿﻓ ﮏﻤﮐ .

داﻮﻣ زا ﺮﻈﻧ فﺮﺻ

تاﺰﻠﻓ زا يﺮﯾدﺎﻘﻣ ﻪﻠﺣﺮﻣ ﻦﯾا رد ،ﻦﻏور رد دﻮﺟﻮﻣ ﻦﯿﮕﻧر ﺰﯿﻧ ﺪﻨﻫد ﯽﻣ ﺶﻫﺎﮐ ار ﻦﻏور يرﺎﮔﺪﻧﺎﻣ و ﺮﻤﻋ ﻪﮐ ﻦﻏور هاﺮﻤﻫ ﺻ و ﺎﻬﻧﻮﺑﺎﺻ رﺎﺛآ ﺎﺑ هاﺮﻤﻫ ﻎﻤ

ﻦﻏور زا ،هﺪﻧﺎﻤﯿﻗﺎﺑ ﯽﻟﺎﻤﺘﺣا يﺎﻫ ﺪﻧﻮﺷ ﯽﻣ جرﺎﺧ

6] - 4 .[ ياﺮﺑ ار ﻦﻏور ﻪﻠﺣﺮﻣ ﻦﯾا مﺎﺠﻧا زا ﺲﭘ

ﺪﻨﻨﮐ ﯽﻣ هدﺎﻣآ راﺮﻓ و رادﻮﺑ تﺎﺒﯿﮐﺮﺗ يزﺎﺳ جرﺎﺧ .

هﺪﻤﻋ

رد ﯽﻌﯿﺒﻃ ترﻮﺼﺑ ﻪﭼ ﻪﮐ يرادﻮﺑ و راﺮﻓ ﻒﻠﺘﺨﻣ تﺎﺒﯿﮐﺮﺗ ﺪﻨﺷﺎﺑ هﺪﻣآ دﻮﺟو ﻪﺑ ﻦﻏور رد نﻮﯿﺳاﺪﯿﺴﮐا ﺖﻠﻋ ﻪﺑ ﺎﯾ و ﻦﻏور ﻫﺪﯿﺴﮐاﺮﭘ ﻞﻣﺎﺷ نﻮﺘﺳ و ﺎﻫﺪﯿﺋﺪﻟآ ،ﺎ

ﺪﻨﺷﺎﺒﯿﻣ ﺎﻫ .

يا هﺰﻣ و ﻢﻌﻃ

هﺪﺷ ﻞﯿﻤﺤﺗ ﻦﻏور ﻪﺑ ﺶﯾﻻﺎﭘ ﻒﻠﺘﺨﻣ ﻞﺣاﺮﻣ رد ﻪﮐ )

ﻢﻌﻃ ﺮﯿﻈﻧ

كﺎﺧ ( دﻮﺷ ﯽﻣ جرﺎﺧ و اﺪﺟ ﻦﻏور زا ﻪﻠﺣﺮﻣ ﻦﯾا رد ، 7]

.[ رد

ءﻼﺧ ﺖﺤﺗ ار ﻦﻏور ،يﺮﯿﮔﻮﺑ ﻪﻠﺣﺮﻣ )

ﺪﻨﭼ زا هﺪﻧﺎﻤﯿﻗﺎﺑ رﺎﺸﻓ ﻪﮐ

ﯽﻠﯿﻣ ﺪﻨﮐ ﯽﻤﻧ زوﺎﺠﺗ ﺮﺘﻣ (

و مﺮﮔ ﻻﺎﺑ تراﺮﺣ ﻪﺟرد ﺎﺗ رﺎﺨﺑ زا

ﻂﯿﺤﻣ زا بآ رﺎﺨﺑ ﮏﻤﮐ ﻪﺑ راﺮﻓ تﺎﺒﯿﮐﺮﺗ ﺎﺗ ﺪﻨﻫد ﯽﻣ رﻮﺒﻋ بآ ﺪﻧﻮﺷ جرﺎﺧ .

ﻢﻬﻣ زا يﺮﯿﮔﻮﺑ و يﺮﺒﮕﻧر ﻪﻠﺣﺮﻣ ﻞﺣاﺮﻣ ﻦﯾﺮﺗ

ﻦﻏور ﻪﯿﻔﺼﺗ ﺪﻨﯾآﺮﻓ ﻦﯾا ﻦﯿﺣ رد ﻪﮐ اﺮﭼ ﺪﺷﺎﺑ ﯽﻣ ﯽﮐارﻮﺧ يﺎﻫ

ﯽﻃ رد ﻦﻏور ﺖﯿﻔﯿﮐ ﺮﺑ ﯽﺒﺳﺎﻨﻣﺎﻧ ﺮﺛا ﻪﮐ ﯽﺗﺎﺒﯿﮐﺮﺗ ﺮﺜﮐا ﻞﺣاﺮﻣ ﺪﻧراد فﺮﺼﻣ و يزﺎﺳ هﺮﯿﺧذ ﻪﻠﺣﺮﻣ ﺪﺷ ﺪﻫاﻮﺧ فﺬﺣ

11] - 8 . [ ﻦﻏور زا ﺮﺿﺎﺣ ﺶﻫوﮋﭘ رد ﻢﻟﺎﭘ يﺎﻫ

) 50 ﺪﺻرد ( ،

ﺎﯾﻮﺳ ) 30 ﺪﺻرد ( نادﺮﮕﺑﺎﺘﻓآ و )

20 ﺪﺻرد ( ﺪﯿﻟﻮﺗ رﻮﻈﻨﻣ ﻪﺑ

ﺪﺷ هدﺎﻔﺘﺳا ﯽﻧدﺮﮐ خﺮﺳ ﻦﻏور .

ﯽﺳرﺮﺑ زا ﺶﻫوﮋﭘ ﻪﺑ ناﻮﺗ ﯽﻣ ﻪﻨﯿﻣز ﻦﯾا رد هﺪﺷ مﺎﺠﻧا يﺎﻫ يﺎﻫ

Farhoosh نارﺎﮑﻤﻫ و

12] ﺮﺑ[ ﺗ ﻒﻠﺘﺨﻣ ﻞﺣاﺮﻣ ﺮﯿﺛﺎﺗ ﻪﯿﻔﺼ

ﻦﻏور يﺮﯿﮔﻮﺑ و يﺮﺒﮕﻧر ﻞﻣﺎﺷ

،ﺎﯾﻮﺳ و ﻻﻮﻧﺎﮐ يﺎﻫ Skevin

و

نارﺎﮑﻤﻫ 13]

،ﺎﯾﻮﺳ ﻦﻏور يﺮﺒﮕﻧر ﻪﻨﯿﻬﺑ ﻂﯾاﺮﺷ ﺮﺑ [ Ortega

و

نارﺎﮑﻤﻫ 14]

يﺮﺒﮕﻧر ﻪﻨﯿﻬﺑ ﻂﯾاﺮﺷ ﺮﺑ [ هدﺎﻔﺘﺳا ﺎﺑ ﺎﯾﻮﺳ ﻦﻏور زا

ﻢﮐ ياراد ﻪﮐ ﺦﺳﺎﭘ ﺢﻄﺳ شور زا ردﺪﯿﺴﮐاﺮﭘ دﺪﻋ ﺮﯾدﺎﻘﻣ ﻦﯾﺮﺗ

،ﺪﺷﺎﺑ ﻪﻠﺣﺮﻣ ﻦﯾا Bachari

رﺎﮑﻤﻫ و نا 15] ﻞﺣاﺮﻣ ﺮﯿﺛﺎﺗ ﺮﺑ[

نﺂﯾد ناﺰﯿﻣ ﺮﺑ ﺎﯾﻮﺳ ﻦﻏور ﻪﯿﻔﺼﺗ و ﻪﮔوﮋﻨﮐ يﺎﻫ

Sánchez-

Machado نارﺎﮑﻤﻫ و

16] ﻪﯿﻔﺼﺗ ﻞﺣاﺮﻣ ﺮﺛا ﯽﺳرﺮﺑ ﺮﺑ[

تﺎﯿﺻﻮﺼﺧ ﺮﺑ يﺮﯿﮔﻮﺑ و يﺮﺒﮕﻧر ،يزﺎﺳ ﯽﺜﻨﺧ ﻞﻣﺎﺷ ﻦﻏور هرﺎﺷا ﯽﻫﻮﮐ بﺮﺗ ﻦﻏور ﻮﯿﺗاﺪﯿﺴﮐا يراﺪﯾﺎﭘ و ﯽﯾﺎﯿﻤﯿﺷﻮﮑﯾﺰﯿﻓ دﻮﻤﻧ . آﺮﻓ يﻻﺎﺑ ﻪﻨﯾﺰﻫ ﻪﺑ ﻪﺟﻮﺗ ﺎﺑ ،يﺮﯿﮔﻮﺑ و يﺮﺒﮕﻧر يﺎﻫﺪﻨﯾ

ﻪﻔﻟﻮﻣ ﻪﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣ ﺪﺻرد راﺪﻘﻣ ﻞﻣﺎﺷ ﻞﺣاﺮﻣ ﻦﯾا ﺮﺑ راﺬﮔﺮﺛا يﺎﻫ

ﺮﺒﮕﻧر كﺎﺧ )

يﺮﺒﮕﻧر ﻪﻠﺣﺮﻣ (

رﺎﺸﻓ و ﺎﻣد ناﺰﯿﻣ و )

ﻪﻠﺣﺮﻣ

يﺮﯿﮔﻮﺑ ( ﻪﻨﯾﺰﻫ ﺶﻫﺎﮐ رﻮﻈﻨﻣ ﻪﺑ يﺪﯿﻔﻣ تﺎﻋﻼﻃا ﺪﻧاﻮﺗ ﯽﻣ و ﺎﻫ

نﺎﮔﺪﻨﻨﮐﺪﯿﻟﻮﺗ رﺎﯿﺘﺧا رد ﺮﺗﻻﺎﺑ ﺖﯿﻔﯿﮐ ﺎﺑ ﯽﻟﻮﺼﺤﻣ ﺪﯿﻟﻮﺗ ﻦﯿﻨﭽﻤﻫ ﻦﻏور رﻮﺧ يﺎﻫ ﺪﻫد راﺮﻗ ﯽﮐا .

ندﺮﺑ ﻻﺎﺑ ﻦﻤﺿ ﻞﺣاﺮﻣ ﻦﯾا ﺶﯾﺎﭘ

ﻪﻨﯾﺰﻫ زا ﯽﺸﺨﺑ ﺪﻧاﻮﺗ ﯽﻣ ،بﻮﻠﻄﻣﺎﻧ تﺎﺒﯿﮐﺮﺗ ﻪﯿﻔﺼﺗ هدزﺎﺑ يﺎﻫ

ﺪﻫد ﺶﻫﺎﮐ ﺰﯿﻧ ار ﻪﯿﻔﺼﺗ ﺪﻨﯾآﺮﻓ يﻻﺎﺑ .

ﻪﮐ ﺖﺳا ﺮﮐﺬﺑ مزﻻ

هﺪﯾدﺮﮔ مﺎﺠﻧا نﺎﻬﺟ ﺢﻄﺳ رد ﯽﺗﺎﻘﯿﻘﺤﺗ ﻪﻨﯿﻣز ﻦﯾا رد ﻪﭼﺮﮔا ﯽﺳرﺮﺑ ﺮﺑ ﺰﮐﺮﻤﺗ ﺖﯾرﻮﺤﻣ ﺎﺑ ﯽﺸﻫوﮋﭘ ﭻﯿﻫ نﻮﻨﮐﺎﺗ ﺎﻣا ،ﺖﺳا

(3)

خﺮﺳ ﻦﻏور ﻮﯿﺗاﺪﯿﺴﮐا يراﺪﯾﺎﭘ و ﯽﯾﺎﯿﻤﯿﺷﻮﮑﯾﺰﯿﻓ تﺎﯿﺻﻮﺼﺧ ﻦﻏور يوﺎﺣ ﯽﻧدﺮﮐ ﻂﯾاﺮﺷ ﺎﺑ ﻪﮐ ﺎﯾﻮﺳ و نادﺮﮕﺑﺎﺘﻓآ ،ﻢﻟﺎﭘ يﺎﻫ

نﺎﻬﺟ و ناﺮﯾا ﺢﻄﺳ رد ،ﺪﻧﻮﺷ ﯽﻣ يﺮﯿﮔﻮﺑ و يﺮﺒﮕﻧر ﯽﺗوﺎﻔﺘﻣ ﺖﺳا ﻪﺘﻓﺮﮕﻧ مﺎﺠﻧا .

2 - شور و داﻮﻣ ﺎﻫ

2 - 1 - داﻮﻣ

ﻦﻏور نادﺮﮕﺑﺎﺘﻓآ و ﺎﯾﻮﺳ ،ﻢﻟﺎﭘ يﺎﻫ ﻼﯾوا ﻪﻧﺎﺧرﺎﮐ زا

) ،زﺮﺒﻟا

ناﺮﯾا ( ﺪﯾدﺮﮔ ﺖﻓﺎﯾرد .

ﻦﯾا رد هدﺎﻔﺘﺳا درﻮﻣ ﯽﯾﺎﯿﻤﯿﺷ داﻮﻣ ﯽﻣﺎﻤﺗ

زا ﺶﻫوﮋﭘ كﺮﻣ ﺖﮐﺮﺷ

) نﺎﻤﻟآ ،تﺎﺘﺸﻣراد (

ﺎﻤﮕﯿﺳ و ) ﺎﮑﯾﺮﻣآ (

ﺪﻧﺪﯾدﺮﮔ ﻪﯿﻬﺗ .

زا يﺮﺒﮕﻧر ﻪﻠﺣﺮﻣ رد هدﺎﻔﺘﺳا درﻮﻣ ﺮﺒﮕﻧر كﺎﺧ

ﻢﺟ زﺎﺳ ﯽﻧﺎﮐ ﺖﮐﺮﺷ )

ناﺮﯾا ( ﺪﯾدﺮﮔ يراﺪﯾﺮﺧ .

2 - 2 - شور ﺎﻫ

2 - 2 - 1 - ﺮﺳ ﻦﻏور يﺮﺒﮕﻧر ﺪﻨﯾاﺮﻓ ﯽﻧدﺮﮐ خ

ﺖﺒﺴﻧ رد ﺪﻨﯾاﺮﻓ ﻦﯾا يﺪﯿﺳا ﺮﺒﮕﻧر كﺎﺧ يﺎﻫ

8/

0 ، 0/

1 و 2/

1

ﺮﺒﮕﻧر هﺎﮕﺘﺳد زا هدﺎﻔﺘﺳا ﺎﺑ )

تﻮﻠﯾﺎﭘ سﺎﯿﻘﻣ رد (

ﺖﮐﺮﺷ MRG

) ناﺮﯾا ،نﺎﮔﺮﮔ (

هوﺮﮔ ﻪﺑ ﻖﻠﻌﺘﻣ ﻼﯾوا ﻪﻧﺎﺧرﺎﮐ هﺎﮕﺸﯾﺎﻣزآ رد

شورﻮﮐ ﯽﺘﻌﻨﺻ )

ناﺮﯾا ،درﺎﻬﺘﺷا (

ﺪﯾدﺮﮔ مﺎﺠﻧا ﺪﺻرد 17]

.[

2 - 2 - 3 - ﺮﮐ خﺮﺳ ﻦﻏور يﺮﯿﮔﻮﺑ ﺪﻨﯾاﺮﻓ ﯽﻧد

ﺶﻫوﮋﭘ ﻦﯾا رد هﺪﺷ ﺪﯿﻟﻮﺗ ﯽﻧدﺮﮐ خﺮﺳ ﻦﻏور يﺮﯿﮔﻮﺑ ﺪﻨﯾاﺮﻓ يﺎﻫﺎﻣد رد 200

و C 220° يﺎﻫرﺎﺸﻓ ﻦﯿﻨﭽﻤﻫ و 2

و 3 رﺎﺑ ﯽﻠﯿﻣ

ﺮﯿﮔﻮﺑ هﺎﮕﺘﺳد زا هدﺎﻔﺘﺳا )

تﻮﻠﯾﺎﭘ سﺎﯿﻘﻣ رد (

ﺖﮐﺮﺷ MRG

) ناﺮﯾا ،نﺎﮔﺮﮔ (

هوﺮﮔ ﻪﺑ ﻖﻠﻌﺘﻣ ﻼﯾوا ﻪﻧﺎﺧرﺎﮐ هﺎﮕﺸﯾﺎﻣزآ رد

شورﻮﮐ ﯽﺘﻌﻨﺻ )

درﺎﻬﺘﺷا ناﺮﯾا ، ( ﯾدﺮﮔ مﺎﺠﻧا ﺪ

17] .[

2 - 2 - 4 - بﺮﭼ يﺎﻫﺪﯿﺳا ﺐﯿﮐﺮﺗ يﺮﯿﮔ هزاﺪﻧا

شور ﺎﺑ ﻖﺑﺎﻄﻣ بﺮﭼ يﺎﻫﺪﯿﺳا ﺮﺘﺳا ﻞﯿﺘﻣ يزﺎﺳ هدﺎﻣآ زا ﺲﭘ ةرﺎﻤﺷ AOCS Ce 2-66 ]1

18 نآﺰﯿﻟﺎﻧآ ،[ زﺎﮔ هﺎﮕﺘﺳد ﺎﺑ ﺎﻫ

ﻦﯿﻟ ﮓﻧﺎﯿﯿﻓاﺮﮔﻮﺗﺎﻣوﺮﮐ )

ﯽﺑﻮﻨﺟ هﺮﮐ،لﻮﺌﺳ (

لﺪﻣ 6100 0 وﺮﮑﯿﻣ

ةرﺎﻤﺷ شور ﻖﺒﻃ ﺮﺑ ﺮﺘﻣ Ce 1e- AOCS 91

مﺎﺠﻧا

ﺪﺷ 18] . [ د ﻪﻠﻌﺷ نﻮﯿﺳاﺰﯿﻧﻮﯾ زﺎﺳرﺎﮑﺷآ ياراد هﺎﮕﺘﺳ دﻮﺑ 2

. مﺎﻧ

ﻪﻨﯿﯾﻮﻣ نﻮﺘﺳ CP Sil 88

ﻪﺑ نآ ﺖﻣﺎﺨﺿ و ﯽﻠﺧاد ﺮﻄﻗ ،لﻮﻃ ،

ﺐﯿﺗﺮﺗ 100 ،ﺮﺘﻣ 25 /0 ﯽﻠﯿﻣ و ﺮﺘﻣ 25 /0 دﻮﺑ ﺮﺘﻣوﺮﮑﯿﻣ .

ﻞﻣﺎﺣ زﺎﮔ

1. American oil chemist's society 2. Flame Ionization Detector

ﺐﯿﺗﺮﺗ ﻪﺑ هﺎﮕﻘﯾرﺰﺗ و هﺪﻨﻨﮐرﺎﮑﺷآ يﺎﻣد ،نژوﺮﺘﯿﻧ 280

و

°C

240 دﻮﺑ .

2 - 2 - 5 - يﺪﯾ دﺪﻋ يﺮﯿﮔ هزاﺪﻧا

يﺪﯾ دﺪﻋ يﺎﻫﺪﯿﺳا ﺐﯿﮐﺮﺗ ﻪﺑ ﻪﺟﻮﺗ ﺎﺑ يا ﻪﺒﺳﺎﺤﻣ ترﻮﺻ ﻪﺑ

بﺮﭼ شور ﺎﺑ ﻖﺑﺎﻄﻣ AOCS Cd 1c-85

هدروآ ﺖﺳد ﻪﺑ

ﺪﺷ ) ﻪﻟدﺎﻌﻣ 1 ( 18] .[

ﻪﻟدﺎﻌﻣ 1

2 - 2 - 5 - ﺖﺴﮑﺷ ﺐﯾﺮﺿ يﺮﯿﮔ هزاﺪﻧا

سﺎﺳاﺮﺑ ﺮﺘﻣﻮﺘﮐاﺮﻓر زا هدﺎﻔﺘﺳا ﺎﺑ ﻦﻏور ﺖﺴﮑﺷ ﺐﯾﺮﺿ ﻦﯿﯿﻌﺗ هرﺎﻤﺷ ﻪﺑ ناﺮﯾا ﯽﻠﻣ دراﺪﻧﺎﺘﺳا 5108

ﺪﺷ مﺎﺠﻧا 19]

.[ ﻦﯾﺪﺑ

ﻮﻈﻨﻣ هﺎﮕﺘﺳد اﺪﺘﺑا رد ر ار

ﺎﺑ ﻞﮑﻟا و ﻪﺒﻨﭘ ﺢﻄﺳ رﻮﺸﻨﻣ ﻼﻣﺎﮐ ار

ﺰﯿﻤﺗ و هﺪﺷ ﺲﭙﺳ هدﺎﻔﺘﺳا ﺎﺑ زا بآ ﺮﻄﻘﻣ هﺮﺒﯿﻟﺎﮐ ﺪﯾدﺮﮔ . زا ﺲﭘ

ﮏﯾ نآ هﺮﻄﻗ زا ﻦﻏور ﻪﻧﻮﻤﻧ ار

رد هﺎﮕﯾﺎﺟ صﻮﺼﺨﻣ ﻪﻧﻮﻤﻧ

) رﻮﺸﻨﻣ ( ﻪﻧﻮﻤﻧ ﺖﺴﮑﺷ ﺐﯾﺮﺿ و هدادراﺮﻗ ﺪﯾدﺮﮔ ﺖﺋاﺮﻗ ﺎﻫ

.

2 - 2 - 6 - ﯽﻧﻮﺑﺎﺻ دﺪﻋ يﺮﯿﮔ هزاﺪﻧا

يﺮﯿﮔ هزاﺪﻧا شور ﺐﺴﺣ ﺮﺒﯿﻧﻮﺑﺎﺻ ﺲﯾﺪﻧا

ﻪﺑ AOCS

ةرﺎﻤﺷ Cd 3 –25 ﺪﯾدﺮﮔ مﺎﺠﻧا

18] .[

2 - 2 - 7 - لﺎﺷ نﻮﻣزآ

يﺎﻣد رﺪﻟﺎﺷ نﻮﻣزآ ﺐﻟﺎﻗ رد دازآ بﺮﭼ ﺪﯿﺳا و ﺪﯿﺴﮐا ﺮﭘ ﺲﯾﺪﻧا 60°C ﯽﻧﺎﻣز ﻪﻠﺻﺎﻓ ﺎﺑ و 3

زور ﺎﺗ زور 18

يﺮﯿﮔ هزاﺪﻧا ما

ﺪﯾدﺮﮔ 20] .[

2 - 2 - 8 - ﺪﯿﺴﮐا ﺮﭘ دﺪﻋ يﺮﯿﮔ هزاﺪﻧا

ﺎﺑ ﻖﺑﺎﻄﻣ ﺪﯿﺴﮐاﺮﭘ ﺲﯾﺪﻧا شور

AOCS Cd 8-23 هزاﺪﻧا

-

ﺪﺷ يﺮﯿﮔ 18]

.[

2 - 2 - 9 - هزاﺪﻧا يﺮﯿﮔ دﺪﻋ يﺪﯿﺳا

نﻮﯿﺳاﺮﺘﯿﺗ ﻂﺳﻮﺗ ﺎﺑ

ﺪﯿﺴﮐورﺪﯿﻫ ﻢﯾﺪﺳ

ﻖﺑﺎﻄﻣ شور ﻪﺑ AOCS

ةرﺎﻤﺷ Ca 5a-40 يﺪﯿﺳا دﺪﻋ ،ﮏﯿﺌﻟوا ﺪﯿﺳا سﺎﺳا ﺮﺑ و

ﻪﻧﻮﻤﻧ ﺖﻓﺮﮔ راﺮﻗ ﯽﺑﺎﯾزرا درﻮﻣ ﺎﻫ 18]

.[

2 - 2 - 10 - ﯽﺸﯾﺎﺴﮐا يراﺪﯾﺎﭘ ﺺﺧﺎﺷ يﺮﯿﮔ هزاﺪﻧا

ﮐا يراﺪﯾﺎﭘ ﯽﺸﯾﺎﺴ

ﻪﻧﻮﻤﻧ موﺮﺘﻣ ﺖﻤﯿﺴﻧر هﺎﮕﺘﺳد زا هدﺎﻔﺘﺳا ﺎﺑ ﺎﻫ

) ﺲﯿﺋﻮﺳ ،ﻮﺋﺎﺴﯾﺮﻫ (

لﺪﻣ 743 شور ﺐﺴﺣ ﺮﺑ ﻪﺑ AOCS

ةرﺎﻤﺷ cd 12b-92 يﺎﻣد رد

110°C ناﺰﯿﻣ ، 5/

2 و ﻪﻧﻮﻤﻧ مﺮﮔ

ياﻮﻫ ﯽﺑد 5/

2 يﺮﯿﮔ هزاﺪﻧا ﻪﻘﯿﻗد رد ﺮﺘﯿﻟ ﯽﻠﯿﻣ ﺪﯾدﺮﮔ

18] .[

2 - 2 - 11 - ارﺎﭘ دﺪﻌﯾﺮﯿﮔ هزاﺪﻧا -

ﻦﯾﺪﯾﺰﯿﻧآ

دﺪﻋ ﺪﯾ

ي = (%C16:1×0.95) + (%C18:1×0.86) + (%C18:2×1.732) + (%C18:3×2.616) + (%C20:1×0.785) + (%C22:1×0.723)

(4)

ارﺎﭘ دﺪﻋ - ﯾﺰﯿﻧآ شور ﻖﺑﺎﻄﻣ ﻦﯾﺪ ةرﺎﻤﺷ ﻪﺑ AOCS

Cd 18-

ﺪﯾدﺮﮔ يﺮﯿﮔ هزاﺪﻧا 90 18]

رﺎﮐ ﻦﯾا ياﺮﺑ.[

5/

0 رد ﻦﻏور مﺮﮔ

نﻮﻟﺎﺑ 25 ﻪﮑﻨﯾا زا ﺲﭘ و هﺪﻧﺎﺳر ﻢﺠﺣ ﻪﺑ يﺮﺘﯿﻟ ﯽﻠﯿﻣ 5

ﯽﻠﯿﻣ

لﻮﻠﺤﻣ زا ﺮﺘﯿﻟ ﯽﻠﯿﻣ ﮏﯾ ﺎﺑ لﻮﻠﺤﻣ ﻦﯾا زا ﺮﺘﯿﻟ 25

/0 ﺪﺻرد

ارﺎﭘ - ﺪﺷ طﻮﻠﺨﻣ لﺎﺴﯾﻼﮔ ﺪﯿﺳا ﮏﯿﺘﺳا رد ﻦﯾﺪﯾﺰﯿﻧآ زا ﺪﻌﺑ

ﺖﺷﺬﮔ 10 جﻮﻣ لﻮﻃ رد نآ بﺬﺟ ﻪﻘﯿﻗد 350

هدﺎﻔﺘﺳا ﺎﺑ ﺮﺘﻣﻮﻧﺎﻧ

لﺪﻣ ﺮﺘﻣﻮﺘﻓوﺮﺘﮑﭙﺳا هﺎﮕﺘﺳد زا UV-2550

) ﻦﭘاژ ،وزدﺎﻤﯿﺷ (

ﺖﻓﺮﮔ راﺮﻗ ﯽﺑﺎﯾزرا درﻮﻣ .

ﻪﻟدﺎﻌﻣ زا هدﺎﻔﺘﺳا ﺎﺑ 2

دﺪﻋ

ارﺎﭘ - ﻦﯾﺪﯾﺰﯿﻧآ ﻪﻧﻮﻤﻧ

ﺪﺷ ﻪﺒﺳﺎﺤﻣ ﺎﻫ .

p-anisidine value=(25×(1.2As-Ab))/m

،As وAb ﻪﺑ m ﺶﻨﮐاو زا ﻞﺒﻗ لﻮﻠﺤﻣ بﺬﺟ ﺮﮕﻧﺎﺸﻧ ﺐﯿﺗﺮﺗ

ارﺎﭘ لﻮﻠﺤﻣ ﺎﺑ -

ﺎﺑ ﺶﻨﮐاو زا ﺪﻌﺑ لﻮﻠﺤﻣ بﺬﺟ ،ﻦﯾﺪﯾﺰﯿﻧآ

ارﺎﭘ لﻮﻠﺤﻣ -

ﻪﻧﻮﻤﻧ مﺮﺟ ﻮﻨﯾﺪﯾﺰﯿﻧآ ﺪﻨﺷﺎﺑ ﯽﻣ

.

2 - 3 - يرﺎﻣآ ﺰﯿﻟﺎﻧآ

ﺐﻟﺎﻗ رد ﺎﻫرﺎﻤﯿﺗ ﻪﻓﺮﻃ ود و ﻪﻓﺮﻃ ﮏﯾ ﻦﯿﮕﻧﺎﯿﻣ ﻪﺴﯾﺎﻘﻣ رﻮﻈﻨﻣ ﻪﺑ راﺰﻓا مﺮﻧ زا ﯽﻓدﺎﺼﺗ ﻼﻣﺎﮐ حﺮﻃ SPSS 16.0

ﺮﮔ هدﺎﻔﺘﺳا ﺪﯾد

.

ﯽﻨﻌﻣ ﯽﺳرﺮﺑ ياﺮﺑ ﺎﯾ

يراد ﯽﻨﻌﻣ مﺪﻋ نﺎﯿﻣ

ﻦﯿﮕﻧﺎﯿﻣ يﺎﻫ ﻪﺑ

ﺪﯾدﺮﮔ هدﺎﻔﺘﺳا ﻦﮑﻧاد ﯽﺒﯿﻘﻌﺗ نﻮﻣزآ زا هﺪﻣآ ﺖﺳد .

ﺮﮐذ ﻪﺑ مزﻻ

نﻮﻣزآ ﯽﻣﺎﻤﺗ ﺖﺳا ﻞﻗاﺪﺣ ﺎﺑ ﺮﺿﺎﺣ ﯽﺳرﺮﺑ رد هﺪﺷ مﺎﺠﻧا يﺎﻫ

3 ﺪﯾدﺮﮔ مﺎﺠﻧا راﺮﮑﺗ .

3 - ﺚﺤﺑ و ﺞﯾﺎﺘﻧ

3 - 1 - ﺮﺑ يﺮﯿﮔﻮﺑ و يﺮﺒﮕﻧر ﺪﻨﯾاﺮﻓ ﺮﺛا ﯽﺳرﺮﺑ

ﺼﺧ ﯽﻧدﺮﮐ خﺮﺳ ﻦﻏور ﯽﯾﺎﯿﻤﯿﺷﻮﮑﯾﺰﯿﻓ تﺎﯿﺻﻮ

نادﺮﮕﺑﺎﺘﻓآ و ﺎﯾﻮﺳ ،ﻢﻟﺎﭘ ﻪﯾﺎﭘ ﺮﺑ 3 - 1 - 1 - بﺮﭼ يﺎﻫﺪﯿﺳا ﻞﯾﺎﻓوﺮﭘ

. لوﺪﺟ ﻪﺑ ﻪﺟﻮﺗ ﺎﺑ 1

ﺮﺑ يراد ﯽﻨﻌﻣ ﺮﺛا ﯽﺳرﺮﺑ درﻮﻣ يﺎﻫرﺎﻤﯿﺗ

ﮏﯿﺌﻟﻮﻨﯿﻟ ،ﺪﯿﺳا ﮏﯿﺌﻟوا ،ﺪﯿﺳا ﮏﯿﺘﯿﻤﻟﺎﭘ بﺮﭼ ﺪﯿﺳا ﺐﯿﮐﺮﺗ ناﺰﯿﻣ ﺪﻨﻫد ﯽﻤﻧ نﺎﺸﻧ ﺪﯿﺳا ﮏﯿﻨﻟﻮﻨﯿﻟ و ﺪﯿﺳا )

05 /0

>

.(P ﺘﻧ ﻪﺑ ﺞﯾﺎ

ﯽﻧدﺮﮐ خﺮﺳ ﻦﻏور بﺮﭼ يﺎﻫﺪﯿﺳا ﺐﯿﮐﺮﺗ ياﺮﺑ هﺪﻣآ ﺖﺳد ﻪﮐ ﺪﻫد ﯽﻣ نﺎﺸﻧ نادﺮﮕﺑﺎﺘﻓآ و ﺎﯾﻮﺳ ،ﻢﻟﺎﭘ ﻪﯾﺎﭘ ﺮﺑ هﺪﺷ ﺪﯿﻟﻮﺗ يﺎﻫﺪﯿﺳا ﺮﯾدﺎﻘﻣ رد ﺮﯿﯿﻐﺗ دﺎﺠﯾا ﻪﺑ ردﺎﻗ يﺮﯿﮔﻮﺑ و يﺮﺒﮕﻧر رﺎﻤﯿﺗ ﺖﺴﯿﻧ رﻮﮐﺬﻣ بﺮﭼ .

و يﺮﺒﮕﻧر ﺪﻨﯾاﺮﻓ ﻪﮐ ﺐﻠﻄﻣ ﻦﯾا ﻪﺑ ﻪﺟﻮﺗ ﺎﺑ

ﻦﻏور يﺮﯿﮔﻮﺑ ﻖﯾﺮﻃ زا ﯽﮐارﻮﺧ يﺎﻫ

ﯽﮑﯾﺰﯿﻓ بﺬﺟ ﺪﻨﯾاﺮﻓ

ﯽﻣ بﻮﻠﻄﻣﺎﻧ داﻮﻣ فﺬﺣ ﻪﺑ ماﺪﻗا ﻪﮐ ﺖﺳا ﯽﻬﯾﺪﺑ ﻦﯾاﺮﺑﺎﻨﺑ ،ﺪﻨﮐ

ﺪﻫﺪﻧ خر بﺮﭼ يﺎﻫﺪﯿﺳا ﺐﯿﮐﺮﺗ رد يﺮﯿﯿﻐﺗ .

ﺖﺳا ﺮﮐذ ﻪﺑ مزﻻ

ﻪﺑ ﻦﻏور بﺬﺟ زا ﯽﺷﺎﻧ ﻦﻏور نﺎﻣﺪﻧار رد يﺰﯿﭼﺎﻧ ﺖﻓا ﻪﮐ ﻪﻠﺣﺮﻣ رد نآ ﺮﯿﻄﻘﺗ ﻦﯿﻨﭽﻤﻫ و يﺮﺒﮕﻧر ﻪﻠﺣﺮﻣ رد ﺮﺒﮕﻧر كﺎﺧ ﺪﯾآ دﻮﺟﻮﺑ ﺖﺳا ﻦﮑﻤﻣ يﺮﯿﮔﻮﺑ .

ﺎﺑ ﻖﺑﺎﻄﺗ رد ﯽﺠﯾﺎﺘﻧ ﻦﯿﻨﭼ

ﯽﺳرﺮﺑ Sánchez-Machado نارﺎﮑﻤﻫ و

16] ﻪﮐ اﺮﭼ دﻮﺑ[

ﺐﯿﮐﺮﺗ ﺮﺑ يراد ﯽﻨﻌﻣ ﺮﺛا ﭻﯿﻫ ﻪﯿﻔﺼﺗ ﻞﺣاﺮﻣ ﺪﻧدﺮﮐ شراﺰﮔ ﺖﺷاﺬﮔ ﺪﻫاﻮﺨﻧ ﯽﻫﻮﮐ بﺮﺗ ﻦﻏور بﺮﭼ يﺎﻫﺪﯿﺳا .

Table 1 Fatty acid profile of frying oil based palm, soybean and sunfloweroils Fatty acids profile Deodorizing step

Bleaching step Treatment

C18:3 C18:2

C18:1 C18:0

C16:0 P

(mbar) T (°C)

Clay bleaching %

1.72±0.1^a 31.53±0.1^a

36.29±0.1^a 4.24±0.1^a

23.94±0.1^a 2.5

190 0.9

Control

1.73±0.1^a 31.54±0.1^a

36.27±0.1^a 4.25±0.1^a

23.94±0.1^a 2.0

200 0.8

1

1.76±0.1^a 31.52±0.1^a

36.29±0.1^a 4.26±0.1^a

23.93±0.1^a 2.0

220 0.8

2

1.75±0.1^a 31.54±0.1^a

36.28±0.1^a 4.26±0.1^a

23.94±0.1^a 3.0

200 0.8

3

1.71±0.1^a 31.54±0.1^a

36.29±0.1^a 4.26±0.1^a

23.94±0.1^a 3.0

220 0.8

4

1.76±0.1^a 31.54±0.1^a

36.22±0.1^a 4.23±0.1^a

23.94±0.1^a 2.0

200 1.0

5

1.76±0.1^a 31.52±0.1^a

36.29±0.1^a 4.26±0.1^a

23.92±0.1^a 2.0

220 1.0

6

1.75±0.1^a 31.53±0.1^a

36.28±0.1^a 4.26±0.1^a

23.94±0.1^a 3.0

200 1.0

7

1.76±0.1^a 31.54±0.1^a

36.27±0.1^a 4.26±0.1^a

23.91±0.1^a 3.0

220 1.0

8

1.72±0.1^a 31.52±0.1^a

36.29±0.1^a 4.26±0.1^a

23.92±0.1^a 2.0

200 1.2

9

1.76±0.1^a 31.54±0.1^a

36.26±0.1^a 4.24±0.1^a

23.94±0.1^a 2.0

220 1.2

10

1.73±0.1^a 31.53±0.1^a

36.28±0.1^a 4.26±0.1^a

23.92±0.1^a 3.0

200 1.2

11

1.73±0.1^a 31.52±0.1^a

36.27±0.1^a 4.22±0.1^a

23.94±0.1^a 3.0

220 1.2

12

Data are presented as the means ± SD of three replicates.Different superscripts show significant differences in each column at p<0.05.C16:0; Palmitic acid, C18:0; Stearic acid, C18:1; Oleic acid, C18:2; Linoleic acid, C18:3;

Linolenic acid

3

-

1

-

2

-

يﺪﯾ دﺪﻋ

(5)

ﺎﺸﻧ يﺪﯾ ﺲﯾﺪﻧا ﻦﻏور ﺖﯿﻋﺎﺒﺷا ﺮﯿﻏ ﺮﮕﻧ

عﺎﺒﺷا ﺎﺑ و هدﻮﺑ ﺎﻫ

نآ ﯽﮔﺪﺷ دراد ﺲﮑﻋ ﮥﻄﺑار ﺎﻫ

21] .[ دﺪﻋ ﺮﯾدﺎﻘﻣ ﻪﮐ ﺎﺠﻧآ زا

ﺮﯿﯿﻐﺗ ،ﺖﺳاراد بﺮﭼ يﺎﻫﺪﯿﺳا ياﻮﺘﺤﻣ ﺎﺑ ﯽﻤﯿﻘﺘﺴﻣ ﺖﺒﺴﻧ يﺪﯾ شﻮﺨﺘﺳد ار يﺪﯾ دﺪﻋ ﺮﯾدﺎﻘﻣ بﺮﭼ يﺎﻫﺪﯿﺳا ﻞﯾﺎﻓوﺮﭘ رد دﺮﮐ ﺪﻫاﻮﺧ ﯽﺳﺎﺳا تاﺮﯿﯿﻐﺗ .

لوﺪﺟ ﻪﺑ ﻪﺟﻮﺗ ﺎﺑ 2

يﺎﻫرﺎﻤﯿﺗ

ﯽﺳرﺮﺑ درﻮﻣ ﺪﻨﻫد ﯽﻤﻧ نﺎﺸﻧ يﺪﯾ دﺪﻋ ناﺰﯿﻣ ﺮﺑ يراد ﯽﻨﻌﻣ ﺮﺛا

) 05 /0

>

.(P يﺎﻫﺪﯿﺳا ﺐﯿﮐﺮﺗ رادﺎﻨﻌﻣ ﺮﯿﯿﻐﺗ مﺪﻋ ﻪﺑ ﻪﺟﻮﺗ ﺎﺑ

ﺰﯿﻧ يﺪﯾ دﺪﻋ ﺮﯾدﺎﻘﻣ ،هﺪﺷ ﻪﯿﻔﺼﺗ ﯽﻧدﺮﮐ خﺮﺳ ﻦﻏور بﺮﭼ ﺪﻫد ﯽﻤﻧ نﺎﺸﻧ يرادﺎﻨﻌﻣ ﺮﯿﯿﻐﺗ )

05 /0

>

.(P ﻪﻄﺑار ﻦﯾارد

Sánchez-Machado نارﺎﮑﻤﻫ و

16] ﺪﻧدﻮﻤﻧ شراﺰﮔ ﺰﯿﻧ [

ﺪﻨﯾاﺮﻓ ﻪﮐ ﺪﻫاﻮﺨﻧ يﺪﯾ دﺪﻋ ﺮﯾدﺎﻘﻣ ﺮﺑ يراد ﯽﻨﻌﻣ ﺮﺛا ﻪﯿﻔﺼﺗ

ﺖﺷاﺬﮔ .

Table 2 The iodine value, saponification value (SV) and refract index of frying oil frying oil based palm, soybean and sunflower oils

Treatment Bleaching

step Deodorizing step

Physicochemical Properties

Clay bleaching % T (°C)

P (mbar) Iodine value

SV Refract index

Control 0.9

190 2.5

90.68±0.03^a 190.2±0.02^a

1.4621±0.01^a

1 0.8

200 2.0

90.65±0.03^a 190.3±0.02^a

1.4620±0.01^a

2 0.8

220 2.0

90.62±0.03^a 190.2±0.02^a

1.4621±0.01^a

3 0.8

200 3.0

90.68±0.03^a 190.1±0.02^a

1.4620±0.01^a

4 0.8

220 3.0

90.67±0.03^a 190.4±0.02^a

1.4621±0.01^a

5 1.0

200 2.0

90.66±0.03^a 190.2±0.02^a

1.4622±0.01^a

6 1.0

220 2.0

90.68±0.03^a 190.4±0.02^a

1.4621±0.01^a

7 1.0

200 3.0

90.66±0.03^a 190.2±0.02^a

1.4622±0.01^a

8 1.0

220 3.0

90.68±0.03^a 190.1±0.02^a

1.4620±0.01^a

9 1.2

200 2.0

90.68±0.03^a 190.2±0.02^a

1.4622±0.01^a

10 1.2

220 2.0

90.67±0.03^a 190.2±0.02^a

1.4621±0.01^a

11 1.2

200 3.0

90.66±0.03^a 190.3±0.02^a

1.4622±0.01^a

12 1.2

220 3.0

90.66±0.03^a 190.4±0.02^a

1.4622±0.01^a

Data are presented as the means ± SD of three replicates.Different superscripts show significant differences in each column at p<0.05.

3 - 1 - 3 - ﯽﻧﻮﺑﺎﺻ دﺪﻋ

راﺪﻘﻣ سﺎﺘﭘ ﺎﯾ ﺪﯿﺴﮐورﺪﯿﻫ ﻢﯿﺳﺎﺘﭘ (KOH)

مزﻻ ﻪﮐ ياﺮﺑ

ﯽﻧﻮﺑﺎﺻ ﺶﻨﮐاو ندﺮﮐ

يﺎﻫﺪﯿﺳا بﺮﭼ

مزﻻ ﺖﺳا ﺎﺑ نزو

ﯽﻟﻮﮑﻠﻣ نآ ﺎﻫ ﺖﺒﺴﻧ سﻮﮑﻌﻣ ﻦﻏور هراﻮﻤﻫ ﻦﯾاﺮﺑﺎﻨﺑ ،دراد يﺎﻫ

ﻪﺑ ﺖﺒﺴﻧ هﺮﯿﺠﻧز ﺪﻨﻠﺑ بﺮﭼ يﺎﻫﺪﯿﺳا يﻻﺎﺑ ﺮﯾدﺎﻘﻣ يوﺎﺣ ﯽﺑﺮﭼ و ﻦﻏور ﯿﺠﻧز هﺎﺗﻮﮐ بﺮﭼ يﺎﻫﺪﯿﺳا ياراد يﺎﻫ

ﺮﯿﻈﻧ هﺮ

ﻢﮐ ﯽﻧﻮﺑﺎﺻ دﺪﻋ هﺮﮐ ﺪﻨﺘﺴﻫ اراد يﺮﺗ

2] .[ لوﺪﺟ ﻪﺑ ﻪﺟﻮﺗ ﺎﺑ 2

ﯽﻧﻮﺑﺎﺻ دﺪﻋ ناﺰﯿﻣ ﺮﺑ يراد ﯽﻨﻌﻣ ﺮﺛا ﯽﺳرﺮﺑ درﻮﻣ يﺎﻫرﺎﻤﯿﺗ ﺪﻨﻫد ﯽﻤﻧ نﺎﺸﻧ )

05 /0

>

.(P ﺪﻧاﻮﺗ ﯽﻣ ﯽﻧﻮﺑﺎﺻ دﺪﻋ ﺮﯿﯿﻐﺗ مﺪﻋ

ﻪﯿﻔﺼﺗ ﯽﻧدﺮﮐ خﺮﺳ ﻦﻏور بﺮﭼ يﺎﻫﺪﯿﺳا ﺐﯿﮐﺮﺗ ﺮﯿﯿﻐﺗ مﺪﻋ ﻪﺑ دﻮﺷ هداد ﺖﺒﺴﻧ هﺪﺷ .

ﺮﮕﯾد ترﺎﺒﻋ ﻪﺑ ﺎﺠﻧآ زا ﺖﻔﮔ ناﻮﺗ ﯽﻣ

ﯽﻧدﺮﮐ خﺮﺳ ﻦﻏور بﺮﭼ يﺎﻫﺪﯿﺳا ﺐﯿﮐﺮﺗ رد يﺮﯿﯿﻐﺗ ﭻﯿﻫ ﻪﻄﺑار ﻪﮐ ﺰﯿﻧ ﯽﻧﻮﺑﺎﺻ دﺪﻋ ﺮﯾدﺎﻘﻣ ،ﺪﺸﻧ هﺪﻫﺎﺸﻣ ﯽﺳرﺮﺑ درﻮﻣ ﺮﯿﯿﻐﺗ ،ﺖﺳاراد بﺮﭼ يﺎﻫﺪﯿﺳا ﯽﻟﻮﮑﻟﻮﻣ نزو ﺎﺑ ﯽﺳﻮﮑﻌﻣ دﺮﮐ ﺪﻫاﻮﺨﻧ هﺪﺷ ﯽﺳرﺮﺑ يﺎﻫرﺎﻤﯿﺗ زا ﮏﯾ ﭻﯿﻫ رد يرادﺎﻨﻌﻣ .

3 - 1 - 4 - ﺖﺴﮑﺷ ﺐﯾﺮﺿ

ﻮﻧ ﻮﺗﺮﭘ ﻪﮐ ﯽﻣﺎﮕﻨﻫ ﯽﺘﻈﻠﻏ ﺎﺑ ﺮﮕﯾد ﻂﯿﺤﻣ ﻪﺑ ﯽﻄﯿﺤﻣ زا ر

نآ ﺮﯿﺴﻣ ،رﻮﺒﻋ ﺖﻋﺮﺳ ﺮﯿﯿﻐﺗ ﺖﻠﻋ ﻪﺑ ،دﻮﺷ ﯽﻣ دراو توﺎﻔﺘﻣ ﯽﻣ فﺮﺤﻨﻣ دﻮﺷ

. رﻮﻧ ﺖﺴﮑﺷ هﺪﯾﺪﭘ ﻦﯾا دﻮﺷ ﯽﻣ هﺪﯿﻣﺎﻧ3

.

ﻦﻏور ﺖﺴﮑﺷ ﺐﯾﺮﺿ ﺖﯿﻋﺎﺒﺷا ﺮﯿﻏ ﺶﯾاﺰﻓا ﺎﺑ ﺎﻫ

) دﺪﻋ ﺶﯾاﺰﻓا

يﺪﯾ ( ﺪﺑﺎﯾ ﯽﻣ ﺶﯾاﺰﻓا 2]

لوﺪﺟ ﻪﺑ ﻪﺟﻮﺗ ﺎﺑ .[

2 درﻮﻣ يﺎﻫرﺎﻤﯿﺗ

ﯽﻨﻌﻣ ﺮﺛا ﯽﺳرﺮﺑ ﯽﻤﻧ نﺎﺸﻧ ﺖﺴﮑﺷ ﺐﯾﺮﺿ ناﺰﯿﻣ ﺮﺑ يراد

ﺪﻨﻫد ) 05 /0

>

.(P ﯽﻨﻌﻣ ﺮﺛا يﺮﯿﮔﻮﺑ و يﺮﺒﮕﻧر رﺎﻤﯿﺗ ﻪﮐ ﺎﺠﻧآ زا

يﺪﯾ دﺪﻋ ﺮﯾدﺎﻘﻣ نآ لﺎﺒﻧد ﻪﺑ و بﺮﭼ يﺎﻫﺪﯿﺳا ﺐﯿﮐﺮﺗ ﺮﺑ يراد شﻮﺨﺘﺳد ﯽﺳرﺮﺑ درﻮﻣ يﺎﻫرﺎﻤﯿﺗ ﺖﺴﮑﺷ ﺐﯾﺮﺿ ،دراﺬﮔ ﯽﻤﻧ ﺪﺸﻧ ﺮﯿﯿﻐﺗ . ﯽﺳرﺮﺑ Sánchez-Machado نارﺎﮑﻤﻫ و

16] [

ﺎﯾ ﺎﺑ ﻖﺑﺎﻄﺗ رد ﻪﺘﻓ

شراﺰﮔ نﺎﻧآ ﻪﮐ اﺮﭼ دﻮﺑ ﺮﺿﺎﺣ ﺶﻫوﮋﭘ يﺎﻫ

ﺖﺴﮑﺷ ﺐﯾﺮﺿ ﺮﯾدﺎﻘﻣ ﺮﺑ يراد ﯽﻨﻌﻣ ﺮﺛا ﻪﯿﻔﺼﺗ ﺪﻨﯾاﺮﻓ ﺪﻧدﺮﮐ ﻦﻏور ﺖﺷاﺬﮔ ﺪﻫاﻮﺨﻧ ﺎﻫ .

3. Refraction index

(6)

3 - 2 - ﺮﺑ يﺮﯿﮔﻮﺑ و يﺮﺒﮕﻧر ﺪﻨﯾاﺮﻓ ﺮﺛا ﯽﺳرﺮﺑ ﻪﯾﺎﭘ ﺮﺑ ﯽﻧدﺮﮐ خﺮﺳ ﻦﻏور ﻮﯿﺗاﺪﯿﺴﮐا يراﺪﯾﺎﭘ

ﻪﺘﻓﺎﯾ بﺎﺘﺷ ﻂﯾاﺮﺷ رد نادﺮﮕﺑﺎﺘﻓآ و ﺎﯾﻮﺳ ،ﻢﻟﺎﭘ 3 - 2 - 1 - اﺮﭘ دﺪﻋ ﺪﯿﺴﮐ

هﺪﺷ دﺎﺠﯾا ﮥﯿﻟوا تﺎﺒﯿﮐﺮﺗ ناﺰﯿﻣ ﺮﮕﻧﺎﯾﺎﻤﻧ ﺪﯿﺴﮐاﺮﭘ دﺪﻋ ) ﺎﻫﺪﯿﺴﮐاﺮﭘورﺪﯿﻫ (

ﻦﻏور ﺶﯾﺎﺴﮐا ﺮﺛا رد ﺪﺷﺎﺑ ﯽﻣ ﺎﻫ

.

ﻦﯾا ﺖﺴﮑﺷ ﺮﺛا رد ﯽﻟو ﺪﻨﺘﺴﻫ ﻮﺑ ﺪﻗﺎﻓ ﻪﭼﺮﮔا ﺎﻫﺪﯿﺴﮐاﺮﭘورﺪﯿﻫ نﻮﺘﮐ و ﺎﻫﺪﯿﻫﺪﻟآ ﺮﯿﻈﻧ نﻮﯿﺳاﺪﯿﺴﮐا ﮥﯾﻮﻧﺎﺛ تﻻﻮﺼﺤﻣ تﺎﺒﯿﮐﺮﺗ دﻮﺷ ﯽﻣ ﺪﯿﻟﻮﺗ ﺪﻨﺘﺴﻫ ﯽﺑﻮﻠﻄﻣﺎﻧ يﻮﺑ ياراد ﻪﮐ 1]

.[ دﺎﺠﯾا

ﻦﯾا و دﺮﯿﮔ ﯽﻣ ترﻮﺻ يﺪﻨﮐ ﻪﺑ ﻪﯿﻟوا ﻞﺣاﺮﻣ رد ﺪﯿﺴﮐاﺮﭘ تراﺮﺣ ﻪﺟرد،نآ يراﺪﻬﮕﻧ ﻂﯾاﺮﺷ،ﻦﻏور عﻮﻧ ﺐﺴﺣﺮﺑ ﻪﻠﺣﺮﻣ ﺪﺷﺎﺑ ﺮﯿﻐﺘﻣ هﺎﻣ ﺪﻨﭼ ﺎﺗ ﻪﺘﻔﻫ ﺪﻨﭼ زا ﺖﺳا ﻦﮑﻤﻣ ﺮﮕﯾد ﻞﻣاﻮﻋ و ناﻮﻨﻋ ﻪﺑ دﻮﺧ و هﺪﺷ ﻊﯾﺮﺴﺗ ﺪﯿﺴﮐاﺮﭘ ورﺪﯿﻬﻠﯿﮑﺸﺗ نآ زا ﺲﭘ ﻪﮐ ﺶﯾﺎﺴﮐا ﻊﯾﺮﺴﺗ رد روﺰﯿﻟﺎﺗﺎﮐ ﺖﮐﺮﺷ ﻦﻏور

ﺪﻨﮐ ﯽﻣ 3] دﺪﻋ .[

ﻦﻏور ﯽﻠﮐ ﺖﯿﻔﯿﮐ نﺎﯿﺑ ياﺮﺑ ﯽﺒﺳﺎﻨﻣ ﺺﺧﺎﺷ ﻪﭼﺮﮔا ﺪﯿﺴﮐاﺮﭘ ﯽﮑﯿﺘﭙﻟﻮﻧﺎﮔرا صاﻮﺧ ﺎﺑ ﯽﺑﻮﺧ ﯽﻄﺧ ﯽﮕﺘﺳﻮﯿﭘ ﺎﻣا ﺪﺷﺎﺑ ﯽﻤﻧ ﯽﺑﺮﭼ و ﻦﻏور

دراد ﺎﻫ 21]

.[ لوﺪﺟ ﺞﯾﺎﺘﻧ 3

ﻞﺑﺎﻘﺘﻣ ﺮﺛا ﻪﮐ

رﺎﻤﯿﺗ

* ﻢﮐ ﻪﮐ ﺪﻫد ﯽﻣ نﺎﺸﻧ ﺪﻨﮐ ﯽﻣ ﯽﺳرﺮﺑ ار نﺎﻣز دﺪﻋ ﻦﯾﺮﺗ

زور رد ﺪﯿﺴﮐاﺮﭘ 3

يﺎﻫرﺎﻤﯿﺗ ﻪﺑ طﻮﺑﺮﻣ 5

ﺎﺗ 12 ﺶﯿﺑ و نآ ﻦﯾﺮﺗ

زور رد 18 ،ﺪﻫﺎﺷ يﺎﻫرﺎﻤﯿﺗ ﻪﺑ طﻮﺑﺮﻣ 1

، 2 و 3 ﺪﺷﺎﺑ ﯽﻣ . ﺞﯾﺎﺘﻧ

ﺪﺻرد ﺶﯾاﺰﻓا ﺎﺑ ﺪﻫد ﯽﻣ نﺎﺸﻧ ﯽﺳرﺮﺑ ﻦﯾا رد هﺪﻣآ ﺖﺳد ﻪﺑ رﺎﺸﻓ و ﺎﻣد ﻦﯿﻨﭽﻤﻫ و يﺮﺒﮕﻧر ﻪﻠﺣﺮﻣ رد ﯽﻓﺮﺼﻣ ﺮﺒﮕﻧر كﺎﺧ ﺪﺑﺎﯾ ﯽﻣ ﺶﻫﺎﮐ ﺪﯿﺴﮐاﺮﭘ دﺪﻋ ﺮﯾدﺎﻘﻣ يﺮﯿﮔﻮﺑ ﻪﻠﺣﺮﻣ رد .

ﻦﯾا

ﻪﺑ ﺪﻧاﻮﺗ ﯽﻣ عﻮﺿﻮﻣ يﺎﻫﺪﯿﺳا ﺪﯿﺴﮐاﺮﭘورﺪﯿﻫ رﺎﺘﺧﺎﺳ ﺖﺴﮑﺷ

ﺮﺒﮕﻧر كﺎﺧ ﺮﺗﻻﺎﺑ ناﺰﯿﻣ ﻦﯿﻨﭽﻤﻫ و ﻻﺎﺑ يﺎﻫﺎﻣد رد بﺮﭼ داد ﺖﺒﺴﻧ يﺪﯿﺳا .

ﻪﭼﺮﻫ ﺖﺷﺬﮔ ﺎﺑ ﻪﮐ ﺖﺳا ﯽﻬﯾﺪﺑ ﻦﯿﻨﭽﻤﻫ

ﺶﯿﺑ ﺪﺑﺎﯾ ﺶﯾاﺰﻓا ﺪﯿﺴﮐاﺮﭘ دﺪﻋ ﺮﯾدﺎﻘﻣ لﺎﺷ نﻮﻣزآ زا ﺮﺗ .

مزﻻ

ﺮﺒﮕﻧر كﺎﺧ ﺮﺗﻻﺎﺑ ﺮﯾدﺎﻘﻣ ﺎﺑ ﻪﮐ ﯽﯾﺎﻫرﺎﻤﯿﺗ ﻪﮐ ﺖﺳا ﺮﮐﺬﺑ )

1 و

2/

1 ﺪﺻرد ( زور يﺎﻬﺘﻧا رد ﺪﻧﺪﺷ يﺮﺒﮕﻧر 18

ﺪﯿﺴﮐاﺮﭘ دﺪﻋ ما

ﻢﮐ ﺪﻧدﻮﺑ اراد يﺮﺗ .

ﻪﺘﻓﺎﯾ ﺎﺑ ﻖﺑﺎﻄﺗ رد ﯽﺳرﺮﺑ ﻦﯾا ﺞﯾﺎﺘﻧ يﺎﻫ

Skevin نارﺎﮑﻤﻫ و 13]

ﻦﻏور ﺪﻧدﺮﮐ شراﺰﮔ ﻪﮐ اﺮﭼ دﻮﺑ [

ﺎﺑ ﻪﮐ يا هﺪﺷ ﯽﺜﻨﺧ 0/

1 ﺪﯿﺳا ﺎﺑ هﺪﺷ لﺎﻌﻓ ﺮﺒﮕﻧر كﺎﺧ ﺪﺻرد

ﻢﮐ ياراد دﻮﺑ هﺪﺷ يﺮﺒﮕﻧر دﻮﺑ ﺪﯿﺴﮐاﺮﭘ دﺪﻋ ﺮﯾدﺎﻘﻣ ﻦﯾﺮﺗ

.

Table 3 The peroxide value of frying oil frying oil based palm, soybean and sunflower oils determined

within 18 days at 60 °C

Treatment Peroxide value (meq/Kg)- Day

0 3

6 9

12 15

18

Control 0.1±0.01j

0.12±0.01ij 0.25±0.01f

0.31±0.01e 0.39±0.01b

0.40±0.02ab 0.41±0.02ab

1 0.0k

0.10±0.02j 0.18±0.02g

0.25±0.01f 0.31±0.01e

0.35±0.02cd 0.38±0.02b

2 0.0k

0.15±0.01h 0.28±0.01e

0.35±0.02cd 0.43±0.03ab

0.45±0.02a 0.45±0.02a

3 0.0k

0.10±0.02j 0.18±0.02g

0.25±0.01f 0.31±0.01e

0.35±0.02cd 0.38±0.02b

4 0.0k

0.15±0.01h 0.28±0.01e

0.35±0.02cd 0.43±0.03ab

0.45±0.02a 0.45±0.02a

5 0.0k

0.10±0.02j 0.18±0.02g

0.25±0.01f 0.31±0.01e

0.35±0.02cd 0.38±0.02b

6 0.0k

0.15±0.01h 0.28±0.01e

0.35±0.02cd 0.43±0.03ab

0.45±0.02a 0.45±0.02a

7 0.0k

0.10±0.02j 0.18±0.02g

0.25±0.01f 0.31±0.01e

0.35±0.02cd 0.38±0.02b

8 0.0k

0.10±0.02j 0.18±0.02g

0.25±0.01f 0.29±0.02e

0.34±0.01d 0.37±0.03bc

9 0.0k

0.10±0.02j 0.18±0.02g

0.25±0.01f 0.31±0.01e

0.35±0.02cd 0.38±0.02b

10 0.0k

0.15±0.01h 0.28±0.01e

0.35±0.02cd 0.43±0.03ab

0.45±0.02a 0.45±0.02a

11 0.0k

0.15±0.01h 0.28±0.01e

0.35±0.02cd 0.43±0.03ab

0.45±0.02a 0.45±0.02a

12 0.0k

0.15±0.01h 0.28±0.01e

0.35±0.02cd 0.43±0.03ab

0.45±0.02a 0.45±0.02a

Data are presented as the means ± SD of three replicates.Different superscripts show significant differences among all data at p<0.05.The percentage of bleaching clay (w/w), temperature (°C) and pressure (mbar) are respectively in the control sample (0.9, 190, 2.5), treatment 1 (0.8,200.2.0), treatment 2 (0.8,220.2.0), treatment 3 (0.8,200.3.0), treatment 4 (0.8,220,3.0), treatment 5 (1.0,200.2.0), treatment 6 (1.0,220.2.0), treatment 7 (1.0,200,3.0), treatment 8 (1.0,220.3.0), treatment 9 (1.2, 200, 2.0), treatment 10 (1.2, 220, 2.0), treatment 11 (1.2, 200, 3.0), treatment 12 (1.2, 220, 3.0).

(7)

3 - 2 - 2 - يﺪﯿﺳا دﺪﻋ

ﻦﻏور ﮏﯿﺘﻟورﺪﯿﻫ دﺎﺴﻓ ﺮﮕﻧﺎﺸﻧ دازآ بﺮﭼ ﺪﯿﺳا ﺪﺻرد ﯽﻣ ﺎﻫ

ﺶﯾﺎﺴﮐا ﻪﯾﻮﻧﺎﺛ تﻻﻮﺼﺤﻣ زا ﻦﯿﻨﭽﻤﻫ تﺎﺒﯿﮐﺮﺗ ﻦﯾا ؛ﺪﺷﺎﺑ ﯽﺑﺮﭼ و ﻦﻏور ﺪﻨﺷﺎﺑ ﯽﻣ ﺎﻫ

2،1] ﯽﺑﺮﭼ .[

زا ﻢﻋا ﯽﮐارﻮﺧ يﺎﻫ

دازآ بﺮﭼ ﺪﯿﺳا ﯽﺋﺰﺟ و ﻦﯿﻌﻣ راﺪﻘﻣ ياراد ﯽﺗﺎﺒﻧ و ﯽﻧاﻮﯿﺣ ﻋ ﺮﺛا رد ﺖﺳا ﻦﮑﻤﻣ ﯽﻟو ﺪﻨﺘﺴﻫ ﺶﻨﮐاو نداد خر و دﺎﺴﻓ ﻞﻣاﻮ

ﺪﯾﺎﻤﻧ زوﺎﺠﺗ ﻦﯿﻌﻣ ﺪﺣ زا راﺪﻘﻣ ﻦﯾا ﺖﻓﺎﮑﺑآ .

ﺪﻨﯾآﺮﻓ ياﺪﺘﺑا رد

ﻦﻏور ندﺮﮐ خﺮﺳ دازآ بﺮﭼ يﺎﻫﺪﯿﺳا ياﻮﺘﺤﻣ ﺶﯾاﺰﻓا ﺎﻫ

ﻦﻏور ﯽﺸﯾﺎﺴﮐا دﺎﺴﻓ زا ﻞﺻﺎﺣ تﺎﺒﯿﮐﺮﺗ ﻦﺘﺴﮑﺷ ﻞﯿﻟﺪﺑ ﯽﻣ ﺎﻫ

جوﺮﺧ ﻪﺑ عﻮﺿﻮﻣ ﻦﯾا ،ندﺮﮐ خﺮﺳ ﯽﻧﺎﯾﺎﭘ ﻞﺣاﺮﻣ رد ﺎﻣا ﺪﺷﺎﺑ و ﯽﯾاﺬﻏ داﻮﻣ زا بآ ﻞﯿﺳآ يﺮﺗ لﻮﮑﻟﻮﻣ ﺖﻓﺎﮑﺑآ رد ﻪﮐ ﯽﺸﻘﻧ

دﻮﺷ ﯽﻣ ﻂﺒﺗﺮﻣ دراد لوﺮﺴﯿﻠﮔ 4]

ﺪﯿﺳا راﺪﻘﻣ ﺶﯾاﺰﻓا ﺎﺑ .[

ﺖﻓﺎﯾ ﺪﻫاﻮﺧ ﺶﻫﺎﮐ دود ﮥﻄﻘﻧ ﻦﻏور رد دازآ بﺮﭼ 3]

- 1 .[

لوﺪﺟ ﺞﯾﺎﺘﻧ 4

نﺎﻣز ﻞﺑﺎﻘﺘﻣ ﺮﺛا ﻪﮐ

* يﺪﯿﺳا دﺪﻋ ﺮﺑ ار رﺎﻤﯿﺗ

ﻢﮐ ﺪﻫد ﯽﻣ نﺎﺸﻧ ﺪﻨﮐ ﯽﻣ ﯽﺳرﺮﺑ ﻪﺑ طﻮﺑﺮﻣ ﺮﯾدﺎﻘﻣ ﻦﯾا ﻦﯾﺮﺗ

يﺎﻫرﺎﻤﯿﺗ 2

، 6 ، 10 ، 11 و 12 ﺶﯿﺑو ﺮﻔﺻ زور رد نآ ﻦﯾﺮﺗ

رﺎﻤﯿﺗ ﻪﺑ طﻮﺑﺮﻣ 3

زور رد 18 ﺪﺷﺎﺑ ﯽﻣ . ﻞﺣاﺮﻣ ﻪﮐ ﺎﺠﻧآ زا

بﺮﭼ يﺎﻫﺪﯿﺳا ﺮﯾدﺎﻘﻣ ﺶﻫﺎﮐﺮﺑ ﯽﻧاﺪﻨﭼ ﺮﺛا يﺮﯿﮔﻮﺑ و يﺮﺒﮕﻧر ﻦﯾا رد ﯽﻧاﺪﻨﭼ ﺮﯿﯿﻐﺗ يﺪﯿﺳا دﺪﻋ ﻦﯾاﺮﺑﺎﻨﺑ ﺖﺴﯿﻧ اراد دازآ دﺮﮐ ﺪﻫاﻮﺨﻧ اﺪﯿﭘ ﻞﺣاﺮﻣ .

ﻦﯾا رد ﻪﮐ ﯽﯾﺎﻫرﺎﻤﯿﺗ ﯽﻠﮐ رﻮﻃ ﻪﺑ

د ﯽﺳرﺮﺑ دﺪﻋ ﺮﯾدﺎﻘﻣ ياراد ﺪﻧﺪﺷ يﺮﯿﮔﻮﺑ يﺮﺗﻻﺎﺑ يﺎﻣد ر

ﻢﮐ يﺪﯿﺳا ﺶﯿﺑ ﺮﯿﻄﻘﺗ زا ﯽﺷﺎﻧ ﻪﮐ ﺪﻧدﻮﺑ يﺮﺗ

بﺮﭼ يﺎﻫﺪﯿﺳا ﺮﺗ

ﺪﺷﺎﺑ ﯽﻣ ﻪﻠﺣﺮﻣ ﻦﯾا ﻦﯿﺣ رد دازآ .

رادﺎﻨﻌﻣ ﺮﯿﯿﻐﺗ مﺪﻋ ﻦﯿﻨﭽﻤﻫ

رد بآ رﻮﻀﺣ مﺪﻋ ﻪﺑ ناﻮﺗ ﯽﻣ نﺎﻣز ﺶﯾاﺰﻓا ﺎﺑ ار يﺪﯿﺳا دﺪﻋ ﻪﻧﻮﻤﻧ ﺪﻨﻨﮐ ﺰﯿﻟﺎﺗﺎﮐ ﺮﺛا ﺖﺑﻮﻃر ﻪﮐ اﺮﭼ داد ﺖﺒﺴﻧ ﺎﻫ يﺪﯾﺪﺷ ﯽﮔ

ﯽﺑﺮﭼ ﺰﯿﻟﻮﭙﯿﻟ ﺮﺑ ﺖﺳاراد ﺎﻫ

. ﻪﻄﺑار ﻦﯾا رد نارﺎﮑﻤﻫ و Jung

22] ﻦﯿﻨﭽﻤﻫ و [ Farhoosh

نارﺎﮑﻤﻫ و 12]

ﺪﻧدﻮﻤﻧ شراﺰﮔ[

ﺶﯿﺑ ﻪﻠﺣﺮﻣ ار دازآ بﺮﭼ يﺎﻫﺪﯿﺳا ﺮﯾدﺎﻘﻣ ﺶﻫﺎﮐ ﺮﺑ ﺮﺛا ﻦﯾﺮﺗ ﺮﺑ ﯽﻧاﺪﻨﭼ ﺮﺛا يﺮﯿﮔﻮﺑ و يﺮﺒﮕﻧر ﻞﺣاﺮﻣ و ﻪﺘﺷاد يزﺎﺳ ﯽﺜﻨﺧ

ﺪﻨﺘﺴﯿﻧ اراد نآ ﺶﻫﺎﮐ .

Table 4 The acid value of frying oil frying oil based palm, soybean and sunflower oils determined

within 18 days at 60 °C

Treatment Acid value (%)- Day

0 3

6 9

12 15

18

Control 0.15±0.01b

0.15±0.01b 0.16±0.01b

0.16±0.01b 0.16±0.01b

1 0.13±0.01c

0.13±0.01c 0.13±0.01c

2 0.10±0.01d

0.10±0.01d 0.10±0.01d

3 0.18±0.01a

0.18±0.01a 0.18±0.01a

4 0.11±±0.01d

0.11±0.01d 0.11±0.01d

5 0.13±0.01c

0.13±0.01c 0.13±0.01c

6 0.10±0.01d

0.10±0.01d 0.10±0.01d

7 0.18±0.01a

0.18±0.01a 0.18±0.01a

8 0.16±0.01b

0.16±0.01b 0.16±0.01b

9 0.13±0.01c

0.13±0.01c 0.13±0.01c

10 0.10±0.01d

0.10±0.01d 0.10±0.01d

11 0.10±0.01d

0.10±0.01d 0.10±0.01d

12 0.11±0.01d

0.11±0.01d 0.11±0.01d

Data are presented as the means ± SD of three replicates.Different superscripts show significant differences among all data at p<0.05.The percentage of bleaching clay (w/w), temperature (°C) and pressure (mbar) are respectively in the control sample (0.9, 190, 2.5), treatment 1 (0.8,200.2.0), treatment 2 (0.8,220.2.0), treatment 3 (0.8,200.3.0), treatment 4 (0.8,220,3.0), treatment 5 (1.0,200.2.0), treatment 6 (1.0,220.2.0), treatment 7 (1.0,200,3.0), treatment 8 (1.0,220.3.0), treatment 9 (1.2, 200, 2.0), treatment 10 (1.2, 220, 2.0), treatment 11 (1.2, 200, 3.0), treatment 12 (1.2, 220, 3.0).

3 - 2 - 3 - ﻦﯾﺪﯾﺰﯿﻧآ دﺪﻋ

ﻪﯾﻮﻧﺎﺛ تﻻﻮﺼﺤﻣ زا ﯽﺼﺧﺎﺷ ناﻮﻨﻋ ﻪﺑ ﻦﯾﺪﯾﺰﯿﻧآ دﺪﻋ دﻮﺷ ﯽﻣ ﻪﺘﺧﺎﻨﺷ نﻮﯿﺳاﺪﯿﺴﮐا .

لوﺪﺟ 5 ﺮﺛا ﺪﻫد ﯽﻣ نﺎﺸﻧ رﺎﻤﯿﺗ

ﺮﺑ ﻦﯾﺪﯾﺰﯿﻧآ دﺪﻋ ﯽﻨﻌﻣ

راد ﺪﺷﺎﺒﯿﻣ ) P<0.01 .(

ﺎﺑ ﻪﺟﻮﺗ ﻪﺑ ﻦﯾا لوﺪﺟ

ﺶﯿﺑ ﻦﯾﺮﺗ ناﺰﯿﻣ طﻮﺑﺮﻣ ﻪﺑ رﺎﻤﯿﺗ 3 ﺎﺑ 49 /7 و ﻢﮐ ﯾﺮﺗ ﻦ نآ

ﺎﺑ 76 /4 طﻮﺑﺮﻣ ﻪﺑ رﺎﻤﯿﺗ 6 ﺪﺷﺎﺒﯿﻣ . ﻞﺑﺎﻗ ﻪﺟﻮﺗ نآ ﻪﮐ نﺎﯿﻣ

يﺎﻫرﺎﻤﯿﺗ و ﺪﻫﺎﺷ

4 ﻦﯿﻨﭽﻤﻫ و 8

و 12 يراد ﯽﻨﻌﻣ توﺎﻔﺗ

ددﺮﮔ ﯽﻤﻧ هﺪﻫﺎﺸﻣ .

ﺮﻫ ﺖﺴﮑﺷ ﺮﺛا رد ﻪﮐ ﺖﺳا ﺮﮐذ ﻪﺑ مزﻻ

(8)

،بﺮﭼ ﺪﯿﺴﮐاﺮﭘورﺪﯿﻫ لﻮﮑﻟﻮﻣ 2

نﻮﺘﮐ ﺎﯾ و ﺪﯿﻫﺪﻟآ لﻮﮑﻟﻮﻣ

ﺪﺷ ﺪﻫاﻮﺧ ﻞﯿﮑﺸﺗ 2]

.[ ﺪﺣاو ﺮﻫ ﺎﺑ ﺮﮕﯾد ﯽﺗرﺎﺒﻋ ﻪﺑ ﺶﻫﺎﮐ

ﻦﯾﺪﯾﺰﯿﻧآ دﺪﻋ ،ﺪﯿﺴﮐاﺮﭘ دﺪﻋ 2

ﺖﻓﺎﯾ ﺪﻫاﻮﺧ ﺶﯾاﺰﻓا ﺪﺣاو .

ﺶﯿﺑ ﺮﯾدﺎﻘﻣ ﺎﺑ ﻪﮐ ﯽﯾﺎﻫرﺎﻤﯿﺗ ﻦﯾاﺮﺑﺎﻨﺑ ﺪﻧﺪﺷ ﺪﻨﯾاﺮﻓ ﺮﺒﮕﻧر كﺎﺧ ﺮﺗ

ﻢﮐ ﺪﯿﺴﮐاﺮﭘ دﺪﻋ ﺎﺑ ﻪﻠﺣﺮﻣ دراو يﺮﺗﻻﺎﺑ ﻦﯾﺪﯾﺰﯿﻧآ ﻦﯿﻨﭽﻤﻫ و ﺮﺗ

ﺪﻧﻮﺷ ﯽﻣ يﺮﯿﮔﻮﺑ .

ﻪﺑ ردﺎﻗ ﻻﺎﺑ يﺎﻣد ﻪﮐ ﺪﻫد ﯽﻣ نﺎﺸﻧ ﺞﯾﺎﺘﻧ

ﻪﯾﻮﻧﺎﺛ تﻻﻮﺼﺤﻣ ﺮﺘﻬﺑ فﺬﺣ ﻪﮐ اﺮﭼ دﻮﺑ ﺪﻫاﻮﺧ ﺶﯾﺎﺴﮐا

ﻪﻧﻮﻤﻧ ﯽﻠﻋ ﺪﻧﺪﺷ ﺪﻨﯾاﺮﻓ ﺮﺒﮕﻧر كﺎﺧ يﺮﺗﻻﺎﺑ ﺪﺻرد ﺎﺑ ﻪﮐ ﯽﯾﺎﻫ ﻪﻠﺣﺮﻣ ﻪﺑ دورو مﺎﮕﻨﻫ رد ﻦﯾﺪﯾﺰﯿﻧآ دﺪﻋ ﺮﺗﻻﺎﺑ ﺮﯾدﺎﻘﻣ ﻢﻏر

ﻢﮐ ﻦﯾﺪﯾﺰﯿﻧآ دﺪﻋ نآ يﺎﻬﺘﻧا رد ،يﺮﯿﮔﻮﺑ ﺪﻧدﻮﺑ اراد يﺮﺗ

. ﻦﯿﻨﭼ

ﺰﯿﻧ ار يا ﻪﺠﯿﺘﻧ Skevin

نارﺎﮑﻤﻫ و 13]

ﺪﻧدﺮﮐ شراﺰﮔ [ .

نﺎﻧآ

ﺷاد نﺎﯿﺑ ﺪﻨﺘ ﻮﯿﺗاﺪﯿﺴﮐا يراﺪﯾﺎﭘ ﺮﺑ ﺮﺒﮕﻧر كﺎﺧ ناﺰﯿﻣ و ﺎﻣد

ﻦﻏور راﺬﮔ ﺮﺛا نﻮﯿﺳاﺪﯿﺴﮐا ﻪﯾﻮﻧﺎﺛ تﻻﻮﺼﺤﻣ هﮋﯾو رﻮﻃ ﻪﺑ و ﺎﻫ

ﺖﺳا .

Table 5 Oxidative stability index (OSI) at 110 °C and Anisidine value of frying oil frying oil based

palm, soybean and sunflower oils

Treatment Bleaching step

Deodorizing step Oxidative stability experiment

Clay bleaching % T (°C)

P (mbar) OSI (110 °C)

Anisidine value

Control 0.9

190 2.5

21.50±0.03^a 7.20±0.02^b

1 0.8

200 2.0

20.60±0.01^f 7.10±0.01^c

2 0.8

220 2.0

19.73±0.03^h 6.01±0.02^h

3 0.8

200 3.0

20.95±0.01^c 7.49±0.02^a

4 0.8

220 3.0

19.97±0.01^g 7.20±0.02^b

5 1.0

200 2.0

21.30±0.03^b 6.60±0.01^e

6 1.0

220 2.0

19.71±0.02^hi 4.76±0.02^k

7 1.0

200 3.0

20.89±0.02^d 6.83±0.01^d

8 1.0

220 3.0

21.53±0.03^a 5.58±0.02ⁱ

9 1.2

200 2.0

21.32±0.03^b 6.23±0.02^g

10 1.2

220 2.0

19.68±0.03ⁱ 5.06±0.02^j

11 1.2

200 3.0

20.89±0.02^d 6.40±0.01^f

12 1.2

200 3.0

20.84±0.02^e 5.4±0.02ⁱ

Data are presented as the means ± SD of three replicates.Different superscripts show significant differences in each column at p<0.05.

3 - 3 - ﯽﺸﯾﺎﺴﮐا يراﺪﯾﺎﭘ نﺎﻣز نﻮﻣزآ )

نﻮﻣزآ

ﺖﻤﯿﺴﻧر (

ﻦﻏور و ﯽﺑﺮﭼ ﯽﺸﯾﺎﺴﮐا يراﺪﯾﺎﭘ ﺖﻤﯿﺴﻧر نﻮﻣزآ رد ار ﺎﻫ

ﻦﻏور و ﺪﻨﮐ ﯽﻣ ﯽﺳرﺮﺑ ﻪﺘﻓﺎﯾ بﺎﺘﺷ ﻂﯾاﺮﺷ ﺮﯿﻏ ﺮﯾدﺎﻘﻣ ﺎﺑ يﺎﻫ

،نﮋﯿﺴﮐا ﺎﺑ ﺶﻨﮐاو ﺮﺗﻻﺎﺑ ﺖﻋﺮﺳ ﻞﯿﻟﺪﺑ ﻻﺎﺑ ﯽﮔﺪﺷ عﺎﺒﺷا ﻢﮐ ﺖﻣوﺎﻘﻣ ﺪﻨﻫد ﯽﻣ نﺎﺸﻧ نﻮﻣزآ ﻦﯾا ﻪﺑ يﺮﺗ

. لوﺪﺟ ﺞﯾﺎﺘﻧ 5

ﺮﺛا ﻪﮐ ﺖﺳا نآ زا ﯽﮐﺎﺣ رﺎﻤﯿﺗ

ﺮﺑ نﺎﻣز يراﺪﯾﺎﭘ ﯽﺸﯾﺎﺴﮐا ﯽﻨﻌﻣ

راد ﺪﺷﺎﺒﯿﻣ ) P<0.01 .(

ﺶﯿﺑ ﻦﯾﺮﺗ ناﺰﯿﻣ طﻮﺑﺮﻣ ﻪﺑ رﺎﻤﯿﺗ 5 ﺎﺑ

53 / 21 ﺖﻋﺎﺳ و ﻢﮐ ﻦﯾﺮﺗ نآ ﺎﺑ 68 / 19 رﺎﻤﯿﺘﻬﺒﻃﻮﺑﺮﻤﺘﻋﺎﺳ 4

ﺪﺷﺎﺒﯿﻣ . ﻞﺑﺎﻗ ﻪﺟﻮﺗ ﻪﮑﻧآ نﺎﯿﻣ يﺎﻫرﺎﻤﯿﺗ ﺪﻫﺎﺷ

و 5 ، 9 و 1 و

ﻦﯿﻨﭽﻤﻫ 4 و 12 ﺮﺛا ﯽﻨﻌﻣ يراد هﺪﻫﺎﺸﻣ ددﺮﮕﯿﻤﻧ . ﺞﯾﺎﺘﻧ ﻪﺑ

ﺖﺳد هﺪﻣآ نﺎﺸﻧ ﺪﻫﺪﯿﻣ ﻪﻧﻮﻤﻧ ﯽﯾﺎﻫ ﻪﮐ رد رﺎﺸﻓ و يﺎﻣد يﺮﺗﻻﺎﺑ

يﺮﯿﮔﻮﺑ ﺪﻧﺪﺷ ياراد نﺎﻣز يراﺪﯾﺎﭘ ﯽﺸﯾﺎﺴﮐا ﻢﮐ

يﺮﺗ ﺪﻧدﻮﺑ .

ﻦﯿﻨﭼ ﻪﺠﯿﺘﻧ يا ار ناﻮﺘﯿﻣ ﻪﺑ فﺬﺣ ﻪﭼﺮﻫ ﺶﯿﺑ ﺮﺗ تﺎﺒﯿﮐﺮﺗ ﯽﺘﻧآ

ﯽﻧاﺪﯿﺴﮐا رد يﺎﻣد ﻻﺎﺑ ﺖﺒﺴﻧ داد . ﻪﺑﺎﺸﻣ ﻪﺑ ﻪﺘﻓﺎﯾ يﺎﻫ ﺶﻫوﮋﭘ ﺮﺿﺎﺣ

ار Zacchi و ] Eggers 23

شراﺰﮔ [ ﺪﻧدﺮﮐ . نﺎﻧآ نﺎﯿﺑ

ﺪﻨﺘﺷاد ﻞﯿﻟﺪﺑ فﺬﺣ تﺎﺒﯿﮐﺮﺗ ﯽﻟﻮﻨﻓ رد ﮥﻠﺣﺮﻣ يﺮﯿﮔﻮﺑ ﺺﺧﺎﺷ

يراﺪﯾﺎﭘ ﯽﺸﯾﺎﺴﮐا )

نﻮﻣزآ ﺖﻤﯿﺴﻧر ( نآ رد ﻦﯾا ﻪﻠﺣﺮﻣ ﺶﻫﺎﮐ

ﯽﻣ ﺪﺑﺎﯾ .

4 - يﺮﯿﮔ ﻪﺠﯿﺘﻧ

ﺞﯾﺎﺘﻧ نﺎﺸﻧ ﺮﺿﺎﺣ ﺶﻫوﮋﭘ ﺪﻫد ﯽﻣ

ﻪﮐ ﺪﻨﯾاﺮﻓ يﺮﺒﮕﻧر و

يﺮﯿﮔﻮﺑ ﭻﯿﻫ ﺮﺛا يراﺪﯿﻨﻌﻣ ﺮﺑ تﺎﯿﺻﻮﺼﺧ ﯿﺷﻮﮑﯾﺰﯿﻓ

ﯽﯾﺎﯿﻤ ﺮﯿﻈﻧ

ﺐﯿﮐﺮﺗ يﺎﻫﺪﯿﺳا

،بﺮﭼ

،يﺪﯾدﺪﻋ دﺪﻋ

ﯽﻧﻮﺑﺎﺻ و ﺐﯾﺮﺿ

ﺖﺴﮑﺷ ﻦﻏور يﺎﻫ خﺮﺳ ﯽﻧدﺮﮐ ﺪﻫاﻮﺨﻧ ﺖﺷاﺬﮔ . ﯽﺳرﺮﺑ

يراﺪﯾﺎﭘ ﻮﯿﺗاﺪﯿﺴﮐا ﻪﻧﻮﻤﻧ

ﺎﻫ نﺎﺸﻧ داد ﻪﮐ ﺶﯾاﺰﻓا ﺪﺻرد كﺎﺧ

ﺮﺒﮕﻧر ﺮﺠﻨﻣ ﻪﺑ ﺶﯾاﺰﻓا ﺐﯾﺮﺨﺗ رﺎﺘﺧﺎﺳ يﺎﻫﺪﯿﺴﮐاﺮﭘورﺪﯿﻫ ﺪﯿﺳا

بﺮﭼ هﺪﺷ و رد ﻪﺠﯿﺘﻧ ﺶﻫﺎﮐ دﺪﻋ ﺪﯿﺴﮐاﺮﭘ ددﺮﮕﯿﻣ . ﻣاﺎ

فﻼﺧﺮﺑ ﻪﺠﯿﺘﻧ ﻪﺑ ﺖﺳد هﺪﻣآ ياﺮﺑ دﺪﻋ

،ﺪﯿﺴﮐاﺮﭘ زا ﺎﺠﻧآ ﻪﮐ

ﻦﺘﺴﮑﺷ لﻮﮑﻟﻮﻣ ﺪﯿﺴﮐاﺮﭘورﺪﯿﻫ يﺎﻫﺪﯿﺳا

بﺮﭼ ﺮﺠﻨﻣ ﻪﺑ ﺪﯿﻟﻮﺗ

(9)

تﻻﻮﺼﺤﻣ ﻪﯾﻮﻧﺎﺛ

نﻮﯿﺳاﺪﯿﺴﮐا ﺮﯿﻈﻧ

ﺪﯿﻫﺪﻟآ و نﻮﺘﮐ

،دﻮﺸﯿﻣ رد

نﺎﯾﺎﭘ ﻪﻠﺣﺮﻣ يﺮﺒﮕﻧر دﺪﻋ ﻦﯾﺪﯾﺰﯿﻧآ رد ﻪﻧﻮﻤﻧ ﯽﯾﺎﻫ ﻪﮐ ﺎﺑ ﺪﺻرد

ﺮﺗﻻﺎﺑ كﺎﺧ ﺮﺒﮕﻧر ﺪﻨﯾاﺮﻓ ﺪﻧﺪﺷ ﺶﯾاﺰﻓا ﻞﺑﺎﻗ ﯽﻬﺟﻮﺗ نﺎﺸﻧ داد .

ﻪﺘﻓﺎﯾ يﺎﻫ دﺪﻋ يﺪﯿﺳا ﯽﮐﺎﺣ زا نآ ﺖﺳا ﻪﮐ ﻞﺣاﺮﻣ يﺮﺒﮕﻧر و

يﺮﯿﮔﻮﺑ ﺮﺛا ﯽﻧاﺪﻨﭼ ﺮﺑ فﺬﺣ ﻦﯾا ﺮﯾدﺎﻘﻣ اراد ﻧﺒ هدﻮ و ﺎﺗ يدوﺪﺣ

يﺎﻣد ﻻﺎﺑ رد ﻪﻠﺣﺮﻣ يﺮﯿﮔﻮﺑ ﺚﻋﺎﺑ ﺶﻫﺎﮐ نآ ﺪﻫاﻮﺧ ﺪﺷ . ﺮﮕﯾد

ﻪﺠﯿﺘﻧ ﻪﺑ ﺖﺳد هﺪﻣآ رد ﻦﯾا ﺶﻫوﮋﭘ ﺺﺨﺸﻣ دﻮﻤﻧ ﻪﮐ ﺎﺑ

ﺶﯾاﺰﻓا يﺎﻣد يﺮﯿﮔﻮﺑ ﻮﺼﺤﻣ تﻻ ﻪﯾﻮﻧﺎﺛ ﺶﯾﺎﺴﮐا ﻪﺑ ناﺰﯿﻣ

ﺶﯿﺑ يﺮﺗ فﺬﺣ ﺪﻨﻫاﻮﺧ ﺪﺷ . ﻪﮐاﺮﭼ ﺞﯾﺎﺘﻧ نﺎﺸﻧ داد ﻪﻧﻮﻤﻧ ﯽﯾﺎﻫ

ﻪﮐ رد نﺎﯾﺎﭘ ﻪﻠﺣﺮﻣ يﺮﺒﮕﻧر دﺪﻋ ﻦﯾﺪﯾﺰﯿﻧآ يﺮﺗﻻﺎﺑ اراد

،ﺪﻧدﻮﺑ

رد ترﻮﺻ هدﺎﻔﺘﺳا زا ﺎﻣد و رﺎﺸﻓ ﻻﺎﺑ رد ﻪﻠﺣﺮﻣ يﺮﯿﮔﻮﺑ

) 220°C ( ﺶﻫﺎﮐ ﺶﯿﺑ يﺮﺗ رد ﻦﯾا ﺺﺧﺎﺷ نﺎﺸﻧ ﺪﻧداد . ﺞﯾﺎﺘﻧ

نﺎﻣز يراﺪﯾﺎﭘ ا ﯽﺸﯾﺎﺴﮐ ﻪﻧﻮﻤﻧ ﺎﻫ ) نﻮﻣزآ ﺖﻤﯿﺴﻧر ( ﯽﮐﺎﺣ زا نآ

دﻮﺑ ﻪﮐ ﻪﻧﻮﻤﻧ ﯽﯾﺎﻫ ﻪﮐ رد ﺎﻣد و رﺎﺸﻓ ﺮﺗﻻﺎﺑ يﺮﯿﮔﻮﺑ ﺪﻧﻮﺸﯿﻣ

ياراد نﺎﻣز ﺖﻣوﺎﻘﻣ ﻢﮐ يﺮﺗ ﺖﺒﺴﻧ ﻪﺑ ﻪﻧﻮﻤﻧ يﺎﻫ يﺮﯿﮔﻮﺑ هﺪﺷ

رد ﺎﻣد و رﺎﺸﻓ ﺮﺘﻨﯿﯾﺎﭘ ﻪﮐﺪﻨﺘﺴﻫ ﻦﯾا عﻮﺿﻮﻣ ﻪﺑ فﺬﺣ ﺶﯿﺑ ﺮﺗ

تﺎﺒﯿﮐﺮﺗ ﯽﺘﻧآ ﯽﻧاﺪﯿﺴﮐا هﮋﯾﻮﺑ ﯽﻟﻮﻨﻓ ﺖﺒﺴﻧ هداد دﻮﺸﯿﻣ . ﺎﺑ ﻪﺟﻮﺗ

ﻪﺑ ﺶﻫﺎﮐ ﺮﯿﮕﻤﺸﭼ ﺮﯾدﺎﻘﻣ تﻻﻮﺼﺤﻣ ﻪﯿﻟوا

و ﻪﯾﻮﻧﺎﺛ ﺶﯾﺎﺴﮐا رد

رد ﺶﻫوﮋﭘ ﻦﯾا ﺮﺛا

هدﺎﻔﺘﺳا زا ﺶﯿﺑ ﺮﯾدﺎﻘﻣ ﺮﺗ

كﺎﺧ ﮓﻧر ﺮﺑ ) رد

يﺮﺒﮕﻧر ﻪﻠﺣﺮﻣ (

و يﺎﻣد ﺮﺗﻻﺎﺑ ) يﺮﯿﮔﻮﺑ ﻪﻠﺣﺮﻣ رد (

ﻪﮐ ﻪﺑ ﻪﺑﻮﻧ

دﻮﺧ ﺮﺠﻨﻣ ﻪﺑ ﺶﯾاﺰﻓا ﺮﻤﻋ ﯽﻧﺎﻣرﺎﺒﻧا و ﻦﯿﻨﭽﻤﻫ ﻆﻔﺣ ﺖﯿﻔﯿﮐ

ﻦﻏور ﺪﻫاﻮﺧ

،ﺪﺷ مﺎﺠﻧا ﻦﯿﻨﭼ ﯽﯾﺎﻫرﺎﻤﯿﺗ رد

ﻪﯿﻔﺼﺗ ﻦﻏور يﺎﻫ

ﯽﮐارﻮﺧ ﺪﻧاﻮﺘﯿﻣ بﻮﻠﻄﻣ و ﺪﯿﻔﻣ ﺪﺷﺎﺑ .

5 - ﻊﺑﺎﻨﻣ

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Investigation on Oxidative Stability and Physicochemical Properties of Frying Oil Based On Palm Oil, Soybean Oil and

Sunflower Oil under Various Conditions of Bleaching and Deodorizing

Poorkalantar, S. ¹, Asadollahi, S. ^2, Eshaghi, M. ³

1. Master Student of Food Science & Technology, Islamic Azad University of Pishva- Varamin 2. Assistant Professor, Department of Food Science and Technology, Islamic Azad University of Pishva-

Varamin

3. Assistant Professor, Department of Food Science and Technology, Islamic Azad University of Pishva- Varamin

(Received: 2017/03/12 Accepted:2018/09/04)

Present research studies the effects of bleaching and deodorizing parameters on physicochemical properties consisting of fatty acid compositions (FAC), iodine value (IV), saponification value (SV), refract index (RI) and also oxidative stability evaluation containing peroxide value (PV), acid value (AV), oxidative stability index (Rancimat test) and Anisidine value. The percentage of bleaching clay 0.8, 1.0 and 1.2 (w/w), the temperature of 200 and 220 (°C) and the pressure of 2 and 3 (mbar) were used to refine frying oil. The results indicated the bleaching and deodorizing process had no significant effect on the FAC, IV, SV and the RI of frying oils. Investigation on oxidative stability distinguished the increase of bleaching clay led to more degradation of fatty acid peroxides; thus decreasing PV. In spite of obtained result for PV, the Anisidine value increased at the end of bleaching step. The secondary oxidation products were removed more at higher temperature. Rancimat test presented a decrease in the samples exposed by high temperature and pressure due to more remove of phenolic compound.

Keywords: Frying oil, Bleaching condition, Deodorizing condition, Physicochemical properties, Oxidative stability evaluation

Corresponding Author E-Mail Address: [email protected]