زرا ﯾﺑﺎ ﯽ ﻟﺎﻌﻓ ﯿ ﻣﺪﺿ ﺖ ﯿ
ﺑوﺮﮑ ﯽ ﻟﻮﻓزد لﺎﻘﺗﺮﭘ ﺖﺳﻮﭘ ﺲﻧﺎﺳا ﯽ
نوﺪﺑ و ﺎﺑ ﺘﻧآ
ﯽ ﺑﯿ ﺗﻮ ﯿ ﮏ ﺎﻫ ي ﻧﺎﻣرد ﯽ داﺪﻌﺗ ﺮﺑ ي
زا
ﺮﺘﮐﺎﺑ ي ﺎﻫ ي ﺑ ﯿ رﺎﻤ ي اﺮﺷ رد از ﯾ
ﺎﻣزآ ﻂ ﯾ ﻫﺎﮕﺸ ﯽ
دﺎﺷﻮﻧ ﺪﻤﺤﻣ
1
ﻠﻋ زوﺮﻬﺑ ،*
ﯿ ﻧﺎﻬﺒﻬﺑ هداﺰ
1ﯽ ﺴﺣ ، ﯿ ﻮﺟ ﻦ ﯾ
2هﺪﻨ ﻔﻄﺼﻣ ، ﯽ ﺘﻤﺣر ﯽ ﻨﺟ ﯿ دﺎﺑآﺪ ﻫاﺮﺑا ﻦﺴﺤﻣ ،3
ﯿﻤ ﯽ ﺘﻤﻫ ﯽ ﮐ ﯿ
4ﺎﺨ
،
ﻣﯿ ﺳﺪﻗ اﺮﺘ ﯽ ﺷ ﯿ ﺦ
5نﺎﺟ
1 - دﺎﺘﺳا ﯾ ﺳﺪﻨﻬﻣ و مﻮﻠﻋ هوﺮﮔ ،رﺎ ﯽ
ﺎﻨﺻ ﯾ اﺬﻏ ﻊ ﯾ ﯽ ﻣاد مﻮﻠﻋ هﺪﮑﺸﻧاد ، ﯽ
ﺎﻨﺻ و ﯾ اﺬﻏ ﻊ ﯾ ﯽ زروﺎﺸﮐ مﻮﻠﻋ هﺎﮕﺸﻧاد ، ي
ﺒﻃ ﻊﺑﺎﻨﻣ و ﯿﻌ
ﯽ ،نﺎﺘﺳزﻮﺧ
ﻧﺎﺛﻼﻣ ﯽ ا ، ﯾ ناﺮ
2 - ﺸﻧاد ﯿ ﺳﺪﻨﻬﻣ و مﻮﻠﻋ هوﺮﮔ ،رﺎ ﯽ
ﺎﻨﺻ ﯾ اﺬﻏ ﻊ ﯾ ﯽ ﻣاد مﻮﻠﻋ هﺪﮑﺸﻧاد ، ﯽ
ﺎﻨﺻ و ﯾ اﺬﻏ ﻊ ﯾ ﯽ مﻮﻠﻋ هﺎﮕﺸﻧاد ، زروﺎﺸﮐ
ي ﺒﻃ ﻊﺑﺎﻨﻣ و ﯿﻌ
ﯽ ،نﺎﺘﺳزﻮﺧ
ﻧﺎﺛﻼﻣ ﯽ ا ، ﯾ ناﺮ
3 - دﺎﺘﺳا ﯾ ﺳﺪﻨﻬﻣ و مﻮﻠﻋ هوﺮﮔ ،رﺎ ﯽ
ﻧﺎﺒﻏﺎﺑ ﯽ زروﺎﺸﮐ هﺪﮑﺸﻧاد ، ي
زروﺎﺸﮐ مﻮﻠﻋ هﺎﮕﺸﻧاد ، ي
ﺒﻃ ﻊﺑﺎﻨﻣ و ﯿﻌ
ﯽ ﻧﺎﺛﻼﻣ ،نﺎﺘﺳزﻮﺧ ﯽ
ا ، ﯾ ناﺮ
4 - ﻮﺠﺸﻧاد ي ﺳﺎﻨﺷرﺎﮐ ﯽ ﺳﺪﻨﻬﻣ و مﻮﻠﻋ هوﺮﮔ ،ﺪﺷرا ﯽ
ﺎﻨﺻ ﯾ اﺬﻏ ﻊ ﯾ ﯽ ﻣاد مﻮﻠﻋ هﺪﮑﺸﻧاد ، ﯽ
ﺎﻨﺻ و ﯾ اﺬﻏ ﻊ ﯾ ﯽ اد ، زروﺎﺸﮐ مﻮﻠﻋ هﺎﮕﺸﻧ ي
ﻊﺑﺎﻨﻣ و
ﺒﻃ ﯿﻌ ﯽ ﻧﺎﺛﻼﻣ ،نﺎﺘﺳزﻮﺧ ﯽ
ا ، ﯾ ناﺮ
5 - ﺮﺘﮐد ي ﻪﻓﺮﺣ ا ي ﮑﺷﺰﭙﻣاد ﯽ ﺳﺪﻨﻬﻣ و مﻮﻠﻋ هوﺮﮔ ، ﯽ
ﺎﻨﺻ ﯾ اﺬﻏ ﻊ ﯾ ﯽ ﻣاد مﻮﻠﻋ هﺪﮑﺸﻧاد ، ﯽ
ﺎﻨﺻ و ﯾ اﺬﻏ ﻊ ﯾ ﯽ ، زروﺎﺸﮐ مﻮﻠﻋ هﺎﮕﺸﻧاد ي
ﻊﺑﺎﻨﻣ و
ﺒﻃ ﯿﻌ ﯽ ﻧﺎﺛﻼﻣ ،نﺎﺘﺳزﻮﺧ ﯽ
ا ، ﯾ اﺮ ن
ﻪﻠﺠﻣ
مﻮﻠﻋ و ﺎﻨﺻ ﯾ ﻊ اﺬﻏ ﯾ ﯽ اﯾ ناﺮ
www.fsct.modares.ac.ir:ﻪﻠﺠﻣﺖﯾﺎﺳ
تﺎﻋﻼﻃا ﻪﻟﺎﻘﻣ
ﮑﭼ
ﯿ هﺪ
رﺎﺗ ﯾ ﺦ ﺎﻫ ي ﻪﻟﺎﻘﻣ :
رﺎﺗ ﯾ ﺦ رد ﯾ ﺖﻓﺎ : 02 / 07 / 99
رﺎﺗ ﯾ ﺦ ﺬﭘ ﯾ شﺮ : 11 / 08 / 99
تﺎﻤﻠﮐ ﻠﮐ ﯿ ﺪ ي :
،لﺎﻘﺗﺮﭘ ﺖﺳﻮﭘ ﺲﻧﺎﺳا
ﻟﺎﻌﻓ ﯿ ﻣﺪﺿ ﺖ ﯿ ﺑوﺮﮑ ﯽ
،
ﺒﻃ هﺪﻧراﺪﻬﮕﻧ ﯿﻌ
ﯽ ،
ﺘﻧآ ﯽ ﺑﯿ ﺗﻮ ﯿ ﮏ ﺎﻫ ي ار ﯾ ﺞ .
DOI: 10.52547/fsct.18.02.14 لﻮﺌﺴﻣ
تﺎﺒﺗﺎﮑﻣ : [email protected] اﺰﻓا ﻪﺑ ﻪﺟﻮﺗ ﺎﺑ
ﯾ ﺑ ﺶ ﯿ رﺎﻤ ي ﺎﻫ ي ﻧﻮﻔﻋ ﯽ ﺷﺎﻧ ﯽ ﻣ زا ﯿ ﻧﺎﮔراوﺮﮑ ﯿ ﻢﺴ ﺎﻫ ي ﺑ ﯿ رﺎﻤ ي ﺎﺳﺎﻨﺷ ،از ﯾ ﯽ ﮔ ﯿ نﺎﻫﺎ
وراد ﯾ ﯽ ﻨﭽﻤﻫو ﯿ ﺺﻟﺎﺧ ﻦ زﺎﺳ ي ﮐﺮﺗ ﯿ نآ رد دﻮﺟﻮﻣ ﺮﺛﺆﻣ تﺎﺒ ﺑ نﺎﻣرد رد ﺎﻫ
ﯿ رﺎﻤ ي ﺎﻫ ﻣ ﯽ ﻔﻣ ﺪﻧاﻮﺗ ﯿ ﺪ
دﻮﺷ ﻊﻗاو . ا رد ﯾ ﺎﻣزآ ﺶﻫوﮋﭘ ﻦ ﯾ
ﻫﺎﮕﺸ ﯽ ﻟﺎﻌﻓ ، ﯿ ﺪﺿ ﺖ ﻣﯿ ﺑوﺮﮑ ﯽ ﻟﻮﻓزد لﺎﻘﺗﺮﭘ ﺖﺳﻮﭘ ﺲﻧﺎﺳا ﯽ
ﺮﺑ 3
ﻮﺳ ﯾ ﻔﻨﻣ مﺮﮔ ﻪ ) ﯽ
ﺷﺮﺷا ﯿ ﻠﮐﺎ ﯽ ژوﺮﺋآ سﺎﻧﻮﻣودﻮﺳ ، ﯾ
ﺗ ﻼﻧﻮﻤﻟﺎﺳ و ازﻮﻨ ﯿﻔ
ﯽ ( و 5 ﻮﺳ ﯾﻪ ﺖﺒﺜﻣ مﺮﮔ
) ﻓﺎﺘﺳا ﯿ ﮐﻮﻠ ﺳﺎﺑ ،سﻮﺋروا سﻮﮐﻮ ﯿ
ﺳﺎﺑ ،سﻮﺋﺮﺳ سﻮﻠ ﯿ
ﻠﺘﺑﺎﺳ سﻮﻠ ﯿ
ﻓﺎﺘﺳا ،ﺲ ﯿ ﭘا سﻮﮐﻮﮐﻮﻠ ﯿ
ﻣرﺪ ﯿﺪ ﯾ
و ﺲ ﯿﯾﻔد ﮏﺴﯾ ديﺎﻫشور زا هدﺎﻔﺘﺳا ﺎﺑ ،(اﻮﮐﻮﻨﯾا ﺎﯾﺮﺘﺴﻟﯿ ﺖﻈﻠﻏ ﻞﻗاﺪﺣ ،رﺎﮔآ رد هﺮﻔﺣ،رﺎﮔآ نژﻮ
ﮔﺪﻧرادزﺎﺑ ﯽ ﺪﺷر )ﻣ ﯿ ادوﺮﮑ ﯾ ثاﺮﺑ ﻦﺷﻮﻠ (
ﮔﺪﻨﺸﮐ ﺖﻈﻠﻏ ﻞﻗاﺪﺣ ، ﯽ
ﻨﭽﻤﻫ و ﯿ ﺎﺑ نآ ﺶﻨﮑﻤﻫﺮﺑ ﻦ
ﺘﻧآ ﯽ ﺑﯿ ﺗﻮ ﯿ ﮏ ﺎﻫ ي اﺮﻠﮐ ﻨﻔﻣ ﯿ ﺎﻣﺎﺘﻨﺟ،ﻞﮑ ﯾ
ﺴ ﯿ ﺎﺳاﺮﺘﺗ ،ﻦ ﯾ
ﻠﮑ ﯿ اﺮﺷ رﺪﻨ ﯾ ﺎﻣزآ ﻂ ﯾ ﻫﺎﮕﺸ ﯽ ﺳرﺮﺑ درﻮﻣ ﯽ
راﺮﻗ
ﺖﻓﺮﮔ . ﺎﺘﻧ ﯾ د شور زا ﻞﺻﺎﺣ ﺞ ﯾ
د ﮏﺴ ﯾﻔ ﯿ ﺑ داد نﺎﺸﻧ نژﻮ ﯿ
ﺮﺘﺸ ﯾ ﻪﺑ طﻮﺑﺮﻣ ﺪﺷر مﺪﻋ ﻪﻟﺎﻫ ﻦ ﺳﺎﺑ
ﯿ
سﻮﻠآﻮﮐﻮﻨﯾا ﺎﯾﺮﺘﺴﻟﯿ ﯾﻪﻮﺳ ﻪﺑ طﻮﺑﺮﻣ ﺰﯿﻧ ﺪﺷر مﺪﻋ ﻪﻟﺎﻫ ﺮﻄﻗ ﻦﯾﺮﺘﻤﮐ .دﻮﺑ ﺮﺘﻣﯽﯿﻠﻣ 21/20 ﺮﻄﻗ ﺎﺑ سﻮﺋﺮﺳ ﺮﻄﻗ ﺎﺑ 20 / 13 ﻣ ﯿﻠ ﯽ دﻮﺑ ﺮﺘﻣ . ﺑ رﺎﮔآ رد هﺮﻔﺣ نﻮﻣزآ رد ﯿ
ﺮﺘﺸ ﯾ ﺮﺘﮐﺎﺑ ﻪﺑ طﻮﺑﺮﻣ ﺪﺷر مﺪﻋ ﻪﻟﺎﻫ ﺮﻄﻗ ﻦ ي
ﺖﺒﺜﻣ مﺮﮔ ﻓﺎﺘﺳا
ﯿ سﻮﺋروا سﻮﮐﻮﮐﻮﻠ ﺮﻄﻗ ﺎﺑ
30 / 17 ﻣ ﯿﻠ ﯽ ﺮﺘﻤﮐ و دﻮﺑﺮﺘﻣ ﯾ
ﺪﺷر مﺪﻋ ﻪﻟﺎﻫ ﺮﻄﻗ ﻦ
ﺮﺘﮐﺎﺑ ﻪﺑ طﻮﺑﺮﻣ ي
ﻔﻨﻣ مﺮﮔ ﺷﺮﺷاﯽ
ﯿ ﻠﮐﺎ ﯽ ﺮﻄﻗ ﺎﺑ 10 / 11 ﻣ ﯿﻠ ﯽ دﻮﺑ ﺮﺘﻣ . ﺎﺘﻧ ﯾ ﺖﻈﻠﻏ ﻞﻗاﺪﺣ ﻪﺑ طﻮﺑﺮﻣ ﺞ
ﮔﺪﻧرادزﺎﺑ ﯽ زا ﺮﺘﮐﺎﺑ ﺪﺷر ي
ﺎﻫ ﺷﺮﺷا ي ﯿ ﻠﮐﺎ ﯽ ژوﺮﺋآ سﺎﻧﻮﻣودﻮﺳ ، ﯾ
ﺗ ﻼﻧﻮﻤﻟﺎﺳ ،ازﻮﻨ ﯿﻔ
ﯽ
، ﺲﯾ ﯿﺪﻣرﺪﯿﭘا سﻮﮐﻮﮐﻮﻠﯿﻓﺎﺘﺳا ،ﺲﯿﻠﺘﺑﺎﺳ سﻮﻠﯿﺳﺎﺑ ،سﻮﺋﺮﺳ سﻮﻠﯿﺳﺎﺑ ،سﻮﺋروا سﻮﮐﻮﮐﻮﻠﯿﻓﺎﺘﺳا و ﯾﺎﺘﻧ .دﻮﺑ ﺮﺘﻟﯿﯽﯿﻠﻣ ﺮﺑ مﺮﮔﯽﻠﻣﯿ125/ و 400 ،25 ،25 ،125/ ،50 ،400 ،25 ﺐﯿﺗﺮﺗﻪﺑ اﻮﮐﻮﻨﯾا ﺎﯾﺮﺘﺴﻟﯿ ﺞ
ﻠﻏ ﻞﻗاﺪﺣ ﻪﺑ طﻮﺑﺮﻣ ﮔﺪﻨﺸﮐ ﺖﻈ
ﯽ ﻣﺎﻤﺗ ﺮﺑ لﺎﻘﺗﺮﭘ ﺲﻧﺎﺳا ﯽ
ﻮﺳ ﯾﻪ زا ﺮﺘﮔرﺰﺑ ﺎﻫ 400
ﻣ ﯿﻠ ﯽ ﺮﺑ مﺮﮔ
ﻣﯿ ﻠ ﯽ ﻟﯿ دﻮﺑ ﺮﺘ .
ﻪﻟﺎﻘﻣ ﻤﻠﻋ ﯽ ﺸﻫوﮋﭘ_ ﯽ
1 - ﻪﻣﺪﻘﻣ
ﻌﺗ ﯿﯿ ﻗد نﺎﻣز ﻦ ﯿ
ﻪﺑ و هدﺎﻔﺘﺳا ﻖ ﮔرﺎﮐ
ﯿﺮ ي ﮔ زا ﯿ ﻪﺑ نﺎﻫﺎ وراد ناﻮﻨﻋ
ﺴﺑ ﯿ ﺖﺳا راﻮﺷد رﺎ .
ﺴﺑ كراﺪﻣ و ﺪﻫاﻮﺷ ﯿ
ز رﺎ ﯾ دﺎ ي ﻪﮐ دراد دﻮﺟو
ﺧﺮﺑ ﯽ ﮔ زا ﯿ ﻪﺑ ار نﺎﻫﺎ ﮐﺮﺗ زا هدﺎﻔﺘﺳا رﻮﻈﻨﻣ
ﯿ ﻮﻧﺎﺛ تﺎﺒ ي نآ ﺎﻫ
ﻪﺑ دوﺪﺣ رد وراد ناﻮﻨﻋ 60
ﭘ لﺎﺳ راﺰﻫ ﯿ
ﻣ ﺖﺸﮐ ﺶ ﯽ
هداد ﺪﻧا 1] . [
ﻪﺘﺷﻮﻧ ﺖﺳد ﺎﻫ
ي ﻪﺑ رد هﺪﻣآ ﺖﺳد ﮔ زا هدﺎﻔﺘﺳا درﻮﻣ
ﯿ وراد نﺎﻫﺎ ﯾ ﯽ
ﺎﻫرﻮﺸﮐرد ي ﭼ ،ﺪﻨﻫ ﯿ ﺮﻘﺗ ﺮﺼﻣ و ﻦ ﯾ
ﻪﺑ ًﺎﺒ 5000 ﭘ لﺎﺳ ﯿ ﻣ زﺎﺑ ﺶ ﯽ -
ددﺮﮔ 2] . [ نﺎﻣز زا ﺎﻫ ي ﺴﺑ ﯿ ﺪﻗ رﺎ ﯾ ﺮﺸﺑ ﻊﻣاﻮﺟ ،ﻢ ي
نﺎﻣرد لﺎﺒﻧد ﻪﺑ
ﺑﯿ رﺎﻤ ي ﺎﻫ ي ﺒﻃ زا هدﺎﻔﺘﺳا ﺎﺑ دﻮﺧ ﯿ
ﺪﻧدﻮﺑ ﺖﻌ .
ﻪﮐ رﻮﻃ نﺎﻤﻫ
ﺣ زا هدﺎﻔﺘﺳا ﯿ
ﻪﺑ اﺪﺘﺑا رد تﺎﻧاﻮ ﺮﻏ ترﻮﺻ
ﯾﺰ ي ﻨﭼ ،دﻮﺑ ﯿ ﻔﺘﺳا ﻦ هدﺎ
ﺮﻏ ﯾﺰ ي اﺮﺑ ي ﮔ ﯿ ﻧ نﺎﻫﺎ ﯿ ﺪﺷ لﺎﻤﻋا ﺰ 3]
. [ ﻪﺑ ﻪﺟﻮﺗ ﺎﺑ اﯾ
نآ رد ﻪﮑﻨ
ز تﺎﻋﻼﻃا نﺎﻣز ﯾ
دﺎ ي ﻻد درﻮﻣ رد ﯾ
ﺑ ﻞ ﯿ رﺎﻤ ي ،ﺖﺷاﺪﻧ دﻮﺟو
ﮔ زا هدﺎﻔﺘﺳا ﯿ
وراد نﺎﻫﺎ ﯾ ﯽ اﺮﺑ ي ﺑ نﺎﻣرد ﯿ رﺎﻤ ي شور و ﺎﻫ ﺎﻫ
ي
زا هدﺎﻔﺘﺳا نآ
ﺎﻫ ﻪﺑ ﭼ ﻪﻤﻫ و ﺖﺷاﺪﻧ دﻮﺟو مﻮﺳﺮﻣ ترﻮﺻ ﯿﺰ
ﻪﺑ ﺑﺮﺠﺗ ترﻮﺻ ﯽ
دﻮﺑ . ز ﺖﺷﺬﮔ ﺎﺑ ﻻد ،نﺎﻣ
ﯾ ﺧﺮﺑ زا هدﺎﻔﺘﺳا ﻞ ﯽ
ﮔﯿ وراد نﺎﻫﺎ ﯾ ﯽ اﺮﺑ ي ﺧﺮﺑ ﻪﺠﻟﺎﻌﻣ ﯽ
ﺑ ﯿ رﺎﻤ ي ﺪﺷ ﻒﺸﮐ ﺎﻫ 4]
.[
ﻤﻠﻋ مﺎﻧ ﺎﺑ لﺎﻘﺗﺮﭘ ﯽ
Citrus sinensis و هدﻮﺑ تﺎﺒﮐﺮﻣ هداﻮﻧﺎﺧ زا
ﺑ عﺎﻔﺗرا ﻪﺑ نآ ﺖﺧرد ﯿ
ﻦ 7 ﺎﺗ 15 ﻣ ﺮﺘﻣ ﯽ ﺪﺷﺎﺑ .ا ﯾ ﻣﻮﺑ ﺖﺧرد ﻦ ﯽ
ﭼ رﻮﺸﮐ ﯿ نﺎﻬﺟ طﺎﻘﻧ ﺮﺜﮐا رد نﺎﻣز ﺖﺷﺬﮔ ﺎﺑ ﺎﻣا ،ﺖﺳا ﻦ
ﺑﻪ اﻮﺘﺳا ﻖﻃﺎﻨﻣ صﻮﺼﺧ ﯾ
ﯽ ﻧ و ﯿ اﻮﺘﺳا ﻪﻤ ﯾ ﯽ ﺖﺳا هﺪﺷ هداد ﺖﺸﮐ
ﺮﺗﻻﺎﺑ ﺮﺿﺎﺣ لﺎﺣ رد و ﯾ
ﻣ ﻦ ﯿ دراد نﺎﻬﺟ رد ار ﺖﺸﮐ ناﺰ .
ﻣﯿ ا هﻮ ﯾ ﻦ
ﮔﯿ اد ﻞﮑﺷ ﻪﺑ هﺎ ﯾ
هﺮ ا ي ﯾ ﺑ ﺎ ﯿ ﻀ ﯽ ﻣ ﯽ ﻧﺎﻣز رد و ﺪﺷﺎﺑ ﯽ
ترﻮﺻ ﻪﺑ ﻪﮐ
د ﺰﺒﺳ ﮓﻧر ﻪﺑ ﺖﺴﻫ لﺎﮐ ﯾ
ﻣ هﺪ ﯽ ﺳر و نﺎﻣز ﺖﺷﺬﮔ ﺎﺑ و دﻮﺷ ﯿ
نﺪ
ﻣﯿ درز ﮓﻧر ﻪﺑ هﻮ ﯾ
ﺠﻧرﺎﻧ ﺎ ﯽ ﺎﻤﻧ ﯾﺎ ﻣ ن ﯽ دﻮﺷ 5] و 6 . [ لﺎﻘﺗﺮﭘ ﺖﺳﻮﭘ
ز ﺶﺨﺑ ﯾ دﺎ ي ﺎﺿ زا ﯾ ا تﺎﻌ ﯾ ﻣ ﻦ ﯿ ﮑﺸﺗ ار هﻮ ﯿ ﻣ ﻞ ﯽ زا هزوﺮﻣا ﺎﻣا ﺪﻫد
ﻪﺑ نآ ﺲﻧﺎﺳا ناﻮﻨﻋ
ﯾ ﻧدوﺰﻓا ﮏ ﯽ
ﻢﻌﻃ ﺧﺮﺑ رد هﺪﻨﻫد ﯽ
زا
ﮐ ﻪﻠﻤﺟ زا تﻻﻮﺼﺤﻣ ﯿ
ﻪﺑ ﮏ ﻣ ﻪﺘﻓﺮﮔ رﺎﮐ ﯽ
ﺖﺳا هﺪﺷ 7]
.[ ﺎﺘﻧ ﯾ ﺞ
ﻟﺎﻧآ ﯿ ﮐﺮﺗ ﺰ ﯿ ﺷ تﺎﺒ ﯿﻤ ﯿﺎﯾ ﯽ ﻣ نﺎﺸﻧ لﺎﻘﺗﺮﭘ ﺖﺳﻮﭘ ﺲﻧﺎﺳا ﯽ
ﻪﮐ ﺪﻫد
ﮐﺮﺗ ﯿ تﺎﺒ ،ﻦﻨﯿﭘ ﺎﻔﻟآ ،ﻦﺳﺮﯿﻣ ﺎﺘﺑ ،ﻦﻧﻮﻤﯿﻟ ﻞﻣﺎﺷ نآ رد دﻮﺟﻮﻣ ﺮﺛﻮﻣ
و ﻦﻨﯿﭘ ﺎﺘﺑ ...
ﻣ ﯽ ﺪﺷﺎﺑ 8] .[
ا رد ﯾ ﻣﺪﺿ ﺮﺛا ﺶﻫوﮋﭘ ﻦ ﯿ
ﺑوﺮﮑ ﯽ ﻟﻮﻓزد لﺎﻘﺗﺮﭘ ﺖﺳﻮﭘ ﺲﻧﺎﺳا ﯽ
ﺮﺑ
8 ﻮﺳ ﯾ ﻣ ﻪ ﯿ ﺑوﺮﮑ ﯽ ﺑ ﯿ رﺎﻤ ي شور زا هدﺎﻔﺘﺳا ﺎﺑ از ﺎﻫ
ي ﮐ عﻮﻨﺘﻣ ﯿﻔ ﯽ و
ﻤﮐ ﯽ د ﻞﻣﺎﺷ ﯾ د ﮏﺴ ﯾﻔ ﯿ
،نژﻮ ﺖﻈﻠﻏ ﻞﻗاﺪﺣ ،رﺎﮔآ رد هﺮﻔﺣ
ﮔﺪﻧرادزﺎﺑ ﯽ ﺪﺷر )ﻣ ﯿ ادوﺮﮑ ﯾ ثاﺮﺑ ﻦﺷﻮﻠ (
ﮔﺪﻨﺸﮐ ﺖﻈﻠﻏ ﻞﻗاﺪﺣ ، ﯽ
ﻨﭽﻤﻫ و ﯿ ﺘﻧآ ﺎﺑ نآ ﺶﻨﮑﻤﻫﺮﺑ ﻦ ﯽ
ﺑﯿ ﺗﻮ ﯿ ﮏ ﺎﻫ ي ﻨﻔﻣاﺮﻠﮐ ﯿ
،ﻞﮑ
ﺎﻣﺎﺘﻨﺟ ﯾ ﺴ ﯿ ﺎﺳاﺮﺘﺗ ،ﻦ ﯾ ﻠﮑ ﯿ ﻦ اﺮﺷ رد ﯾ ﺎﻣزآ ﻂ ﯾ ﻫﺎﮕﺸ ﯽ ﺳرﺮﺑ درﻮﻣ ﯽ
ﺖﻓﺮﮔ راﺮﻗ .
2 - شور و داﻮﻣ ﺎﻫ
2 - 1 - ﻬﺗ ﯿ لﺎﻘﺗﺮﭘ ﺖﺳﻮﭘ ﺲﻧﺎﺳا ﻪ
اﯾ هﺎﻣﺮﻬﻣ زا ﺶﻫوﮋﭘ ﻦ 1398
هﺎﻣﺪﻨﻔﺳا ﺎﺗ 1398
ﺎﻣزآ رد ﯾ هﺎﮕﺸ
ﻣﯿ ﺑوﺮﮑ ﯿ ژﻮﻟﻮ ي اﺬﻏ داﻮﻣ ﯾ ﯽ
، ﻣاد مﻮﻠﻋ هﺪﮑﺸﻧاد ﯽ
ﺎﻨﺻ و ﯾ اﺬﻏ ﻊ ﯾ ﯽ ،
زروﺎﺸﮐ مﻮﻠﻋ هﺎﮕﺸﻧاد ي
ﺒﻃ ﻊﺑﺎﻨﻣ و ﯿﻌ
ﯽ نﺎﺘﺳزﻮﺧ ﺬﭘ مﺎﺠﻧا
ﯾ ﺖﻓﺮ .
ﺲﻧﺎﺳا ﻄﻘﺗ شور ﺎﺑ لﺎﻘﺗﺮﭘ ﺖﺳﻮﭘ ﯿ
ﺘﺳا بآ ﺎﺑ ﺮ رد و ﺪﺷ لﺎﺼﺤ
ﺗ صﻮﺼﺨﻣ فوﺮﻇ ﯿ
نورد رﻮﻧ زا رود ﻪﺑ و ﮓﻧر هﺮ ﯾ
لﺎﭽﺨ ) 4
ﺘﻧﺎﺳ ﻪﺟرد ﯽ داﺮﮔ ( راﺪﻬﮕﻧ ي ﺪﺷ .
2 - 2 - ﻬﺗ ﯿ ـﺷ داﻮﻣ ﻪ ﯿﻤ
ﯿﺎﯾ ﯽ ـﺤﻣ و ﯿ ﻂ ﺎـﻫ ي ﺖﺸـﮐ
ﻣﯿ ﺑوﺮﮑ ﯽ
ﺷ داﻮﻣ ﯿﻤ ﯿﺎﯾ ﯽ ا رد هدﺎﻔﺘﺳا درﻮﻣ ﯾ
ﻞﻣﺎﺷ ﺶﻫوﮋﭘ ﻦ :
ﺮﺗ ي ﻨﻓ ﯿ ﻞ
ﻟوزاﺮﺘﺗ ﯿ اﺮﻠﮐ مﻮ ﯾ ﺪ ) ﺳ ﯿ رﺪﻟآ ﺎﻤﮕ ﯾ
ﭻ ( د ، ﯾ ﮏﺴ ﺎﻫ ي و ﮏﻧﻼﺑ
دﯾ ﮏﺴ ﺎﻫ ي ﺘﻧآ ﯽ ﺑﯿ ﺗﻮ ﯿ ﻨﻔﻣاﺮﻠﮐ ﮏ ﯿ
،ﻞﮑ ﺎﻣﺎﺘﻨﺟ ﯾ ﺴ ﯿ ﺎﺳاﺮﺘﺗ ،ﻦ ﯾ
ﻠﮑ ﯿ ﻦ
) ﺐﻃ ﻦﺗدﺎﭘ (
ﺋﻮﺗ ، ﯿ ﻦ 80 ) نﺎﻤﻟآ كﺮﻣ (
د و ي ﺘﻣ ﯿ ﺎﺴﮐﻮﻔﻟﻮﺳ ﻞ ﯾ
ﺪ
) ﺳ ﯿ رﺪﻟآ ﺎﻤﮕ ﯾ ﭻ ( ﺪﻧدﻮﺑ ، . ﻨﭽﻤﻫ ﯿ ﻦ ا رد ﯾ ﺤﻣ ﺶﻫوﮋﭘ ﻦ ﯿ
ﻂ ﺎﻫ ي
ﻫ ﺮﻟﻮﻣ ﺖﺸﮐ ﯿ
ﻫ ﺮﻟﻮﻣ و رﺎﮔآ نﻮﺘﻨ ﯿ
ثاﺮﺑ نﻮﺘﻨ )
نﺎﻤﻟآ كﺮﻣ (
درﻮﻣ
ﺪﻨﺘﻓﺮﮔ راﺮﻗ هدﺎﻔﺘﺳا .
2 - 3 - ﻬﺗ ﯿ هدﺎﻣآ و ﻪ ﺳ
زﺎ ي ﺴﻧﺎﭙﺳﻮﺳ ﯿ
نﻮ ﺎﻫ ي
ﻣﯿ ﺑوﺮﮑ ﯽ
ﻮﺳ ﯾﻪ ﺎﻫ ي ﻣ ﯿ ﺑوﺮﮑ ﯽ ا رد هدﺎﻔﺘﺳا درﻮﻣ ﯾ
ﻞﻣﺎﺷ ﺶﻫوﮋﭘ ﻦ 3
ﻮﺳ ﯾ ﻪ
ﻔﻨﻣ مﺮﮔ ﯽ ) ﺷﺮﺷا ﯿ ﻠﮐ ﺎ ﯽ ژوﺮﺋآ سﺎﻧﻮﻣودﻮﺳ ، ﯾ
ﻼﻧﻮﻤﻟﺎﺳ و ازﻮﻨ
ﺗﯿﻔ ﯽ ( و 5 ﻮﺳ ﯾﻪ ﺖﺒﺜﻣ مﺮﮔ )
ﻓﺎﺘﺳا ﯿ ﺳﺎﺑ ،سﻮﺋروا سﻮﮐﻮﮐﻮﻠ ﯿ
سﻮﻠ
ﺳﺎﺑ ،سﻮﺋﺮﺳ ﯿ
ﻠﺘﺑﺎﺳ سﻮﻠ ﯿ
ﻓﺎﺘﺳا ،ﺲ ﯿ ﭘا سﻮﮐﻮﮐﻮﻠ ﯿ
ﻣرﺪ ﯿ ﺪﯾ و ﺲ
ﻟﯿ ﺮﺘﺴ ﯾ ا ﺎ ﯾ اﻮﮐﻮﻨ ( ﺪﻧدﻮﺑ . ﻮﺳ ﯾﻪ ﺎﻫ ي ﺮﺘﮐﺎﺑ ﯾﺎﯾ ﯽ ﺴﮑﻠﮐ زا ﯿ ﻣ نﻮ ﯿ ﺑوﺮﮑ ﯽ
ﺎﻣزآ ﯾ ﻣ هﺎﮕﺸ ﯿ ﺑوﺮﮑ ﯿ ژﻮﻟﻮ ي اﺬﻏ داﻮﻣ ﯾ ﯽ ﻣاد مﻮﻠﻋ هﺪﮑﺸﻧاد ، ﯽ
و
ﺎﻨﺻ ﯾ اﺬﻏ ﻊ ﯾ ﯽ زروﺎﺸﮐ مﻮﻠﻋ هﺎﮕﺸﻧاد ، ي
ﺒﻃ ﻊﺑﺎﻨﻣ و ﯿﻌ
ﯽ نﺎﺘﺳزﻮﺧ
ﻬﺗ ﯿ دﺮﮔ ﻪ ﯾ ﺪ . ا ﻪﺑ ﻪﺟﻮﺗ ﺎﺑ ﯾ
ﻮﺳ ﻪﮑﻨ ﯾﻪ ﺎﻫ ي ﻣ ﯿ ﺑوﺮﮑ ﯽ ﻪﺑ ترﻮﺻ
ﻟﯿ ﻓﻮ ﯿﻠﯿ ﻪﺑ ،ﺪﻧدﻮﺑ هﺰ ﺣا رﻮﻈﻨﻣ
ﯿ ﺜﮑﺗ و ءﺎ ﯿ نآ ﺮ اﺮﺷ رد ﺎﻫ ﯾ ﺮﺘﺳا ﻂ ﯾ ﻪﺑ ﻞ
ﺤﻣ ﯿ ﻫ ﺮﻟﻮﻣ ﺖﺸﮐ ﻂ ﯿ
ﺪﻧﺪﺷ هدوﺰﻓا ثاﺮﺑ نﻮﺘﻨ .
ﻪﺑ ﺲﭙﺳ رﻮﻈﻨﻣ
ﺮﺴﺗ ﯾ نآ ﺪﺷر رد ﻊ ﻪﺑ ،ﺎﻫ
تﺪﻣ 24 ﺎﻣد رد ﺖﻋﺎﺳ ي
37 ﻪﺟرد
ﺘﻧﺎﺳ ﯽ ﺪﻧﺪﺷ ﻪﺑﻮﮑﻧا داﺮﮔ .
رﻮﮐﺬﻣ نﺎﻣز تﺪﻣ ﺖﺷﺬﮔ زا ﺲﭘ
ﻪﺑ ﻪﺑ رﻮﻈﻨﻣ ﮐ ندروآ ﺖﺳد ﻮﺳ ،هزﺎﺗ ﺖﺸ
ﯾﻪ ﺎﻫ ي ﻣ ﯿ ﺑوﺮﮑ ﯽ ور ي
ﺤﻣ ﺢﻄﺳ ﯿ ﻫ ﺮﻟﻮﻣ ﺖﺸﮐ ﻂ ﯿ
ﻪﺑ رﺎﮔآ نﻮﺘﻨ ﻄﺧ ترﻮﺻ
ﯽ هداد ﺖﺸﮐ
ﺎﻣد رد دﺪﺠﻣ و ﺪﻧﺪﺷ ي
37 ﺘﻧﺎﺳ ﻪﺟرد ﯽ
ﻪﺑ داﺮﮔ تﺪﻣ 24 ﺖﻋﺎﺳ
ﺳﺎﺑﻮﮑﻧا رد ﯿ
ﺪﻨﺘﻓﺮﮔ راﺮﻗ نﻮ .
اﺮﺑ ي ﻬﺗ ﯿ ﺴﻧﺎﭙﺳﻮﺳ ﻪ ﯿ
نﻮ ﺎﻫ ي ﺮﺘﮐﺎﺑ ﯾﺎﯾ ﯽ
هزﺎﺗ ﺖﺸﮐ زا )
24 ﻪﺘﻋﺎﺳ ( دﺮﮔ هدﺎﻔﺘﺳا ﯾ
ﺴﻧﺎﭙﺳﻮﺳ ،ﺪ ﯿ
نﻮ ﺎﻫ ي درﻮﻣ
ﻈﻧ ﻓ مﺮﺳ لﻮﻠﺤﻣ رد ﺮ ﯿﺰ
ﯾ ژﻮﻟﻮ ي ﺮﺘﺳا ﯾ وﺎﺣ ﻪﮐ ﻞ ي
Colony
Forming Unit (CFU)/mL 108
× 5/
1 ﻮﺳ ﯾ ﺮﺘﮐﺎﺑ ﻪ ﯾﺎﯾ ﯽ
) ﻧ دراﺪﻧﺎﺘﺳا لدﺎﻌﻣ ﯿ
ﮏﻣ ﻢ ﺪﻨﻟرﺎﻓ ( ﻬﺗ دﻮﺑ ﯿ ﺪﺷ ﻪ 9] .[
2 - 4 - د ﯾ د ﮏﺴ ﯾﻔ ﯿ نژﻮ ) ﺑﺮﮐ ﯽ - ﺮﺋﻮﺑ (
ا مﺎﺠﻧا ﺖﻬﺟ ﯾ
ﺮﺘﺳا فوﺮﻇ اﺪﺘﺑا رد نﻮﻣزآ ﻦ ﯾ
ﻞ ) ﺮﺘﭘ ي د ﯾ ﺶ ( ﺎﺑ
ﻣﯿ ﺼﺨﺸﻣ ناﺰ ﯽ
ﺤﻣ زا ﯿ ﻫ ﺮﻟﻮﻣ ﺖﺸﮐ ﻂ ﯿ
رﺎﮔآ نﻮﻨﺘ )
20 ﻣ ﯿﻠ ﯽ ﻟﯿ ﺮﺘ (
دﺮﮔ ﺮﭘ ﯾ ﺪ . ﺖﺷﺬﮔ زا ﺲﭘ 30
ﻗد ﯿ فوﺮﻇ ندﺮﮐ ﺮﭘ زا ﻪﻘ )
ﻪﺑ رﻮﻈﻨﻣ
ﺤﻣ نﺪﺷ ﻪﺘﺴﺑ و نﺪﺷ دﺮﺳ ﯿ
ﻂ ﺖﺸﮐ ( ، 100 ﻣ ﯿ ﻟوﺮﮑ ﯿ زا ﺮﺘ
ﺴﻧﺎﭙﺳﻮﺳ ﯿ نﻮ ﺎﻫ ي ﻣ ﯿ ﺑوﺮﮑ ﯽ ﻬﺗ ﯿ لدﺎﻌﻣ هﺪﺷ ﻪ ﻧ دراﺪﻧﺎﺘﺳا
ﯿ ﻢ
ﮏﻣ ور ﺪﻨﻟرﺎﻓ ي ﺤﻣ ﺢﻄﺳ ﯿ ﻂ ﺎﻫ ي ﻫ ﺮﻟﻮﻣ ﺖﺸﮐ ﯿ
ر رﺎﮔآ نﻮﺘﻨ ﯾ
ﻪﺘﺨ
ﺮﭙﺳا ﻂﺳﻮﺗ و ﺪﺷ ﯾ
ﺮﺘﺳا ﻞﮑﺷ لا رﺪ ﯾ
دﺮﮔ ﺶﺨﭘ ﻞ ﯾ
ﺪ . دﯾ ﮏﺴ ﺎﻫ ي
ﺬﻏﺎﮐ ي ﻌﻣ ﻪﻠﺻﺎﻓ رد ﮏﻧﻼﺑ ﯿ
ﺮﺘﺳا ﺲﻨﭘ ﮏﻤﮐ ﻪﺑ ﻦ ﯾ
ﺢﻄﺳ ﺮﺑ ﻞ
ﺤﻣ ﯿ ﻫ ﺮﻟﻮﻣ ﺖﺸﮐ ﻂ ﯿ
ﺪﻧﺪﺷ هداد راﺮﻗ رﺎﮔآ نﻮﺘﻨ .
ﺲﭙﺳ 10
ﻣﯿ ﻟوﺮﮑ ﯿ ﺮﺘﺳا لﺎﻘﺗﺮﭘ ﺖﺳﻮﭘ ﺲﻧﺎﺳا زا ﺮﺘ ﯾ
ﻞ ) ﺮﺘﺳا ﯾ ﻓ ﺎﺑ هﺪﺷ ﻞ ﯿ
ﺮﺘﻠ
ﮕﻧﺮﺳ ﺮﺳ ﯽ ﺬﻔﻨﻣ ﺎﺑ 45 / 0 ﻣ ﯿ نوﺮﮑ ( ﻤﺳ ﮏﻤﮐ ﺎﺑ ، ﻣارآ ﻪﺑ ﺮﻠﭙ
ﯽ ﺮﺑ
د ﺢﻄﺳ ﯾ ﮏﺴ ﺎﻫ ي
ًﻼﺒﻗ ﻪﮐ ﮏﻧﻼﺑ ور
ي ﺤﻣ ﺢﻄﺳ ﯿ ﺮﻟﻮﻣ ﺖﺸﮐ ﻂ
ﻫﯿ ر ،ﺪﻧدﻮﺑ هﺪﺷ هداد راﺮﻗ رﺎﮔآ نﻮﺘﻨ ﯾ
ﺪﺷ ﻪﺘﺨ . ﺮﺘﭘ ي د ﯾ ﺶ ﺎﻫ ي
وﺎﺣ ي ﺤﻣ ﯿ ﻂ ﻫ ﺮﻟﻮﻣ ﺖﺸﮐ ﯿ
د و رﺎﮔآ نﻮﺘﻨ ﯾ
ﮏﺴ ﺎﻫ ي وﺎﺣ ي ﺲﻧﺎﺳا
ﻪﺑ لﺎﻘﺗﺮﭘ ﺖﺳﻮﭘ ﭘ ﻞﻤﻋ مﺎﺠﻧا رﻮﻈﻨﻣ
ﯿ ﺎﻣد رد رﺎﺸﺘﻧا ﺶ ي
4 ﻪﺟرد
ﺘﻧﺎﺳ ﯽ ﻪﺑ داﺮﮔ تﺪﻣ 15 ﻗد ﯿ رد ﻪﻘ ﯾ راﺪﻬﮕﻧ لﺎﭽﺨ ي
ﺪﻧﺪﺷ . زا ﺲﭘ
ﭘ ﻞﻤﻋ مﺎﺠﻧا ﯿ
ﺤﻣ رﺎﺸﺘﻧا ﺶ ﯿ
ﻂ ﺎﻫ ي ﺳﺎﺑﻮﮑﻧا نورد ﻪﺑ ﺖﺸﮐ ﯿ
رد نﻮ
ﺎﻣد ي 37 ﺘﻧﺎﺳ ﻪﺟرد ﯽ
ﻪﺑ داﺮﮔ تﺪﻣ 24 دﺮﮔ ﻞﻘﺘﻨﻣ ﺖﻋﺎﺳ ﯾ
ﺪ . ﺲﭘ
ﺮﭙﺳ زا ي نﺪﺷ 24 ﺤﻣ ﺖﻋﺎﺳ ﯿ
ﺖﺸﮐ ﻂ ﺳﺎﺑﻮﮑﻧا زا ﺎﻫ ﯿ
و جرﺎﺧ نﻮ
ﻪﻟﺎﻫ ﺮﻄﻗ ﺎﻫ ي نآ ﺪﺷر مﺪﻋ ﻂﺧ ﻂﺳﻮﺗ ﺎﻫ
هزاﺪﻧا ﺶﮐ ﮔﯿ
ﺮ ي دﺮﮔ ﯾ و ﺪ
ﺑ ﻣ ﺐﺴﺣ ﺮ ﯿﻠ ﯽ دﺮﮔ شراﺰﮔ ﺮﺘﻣ ﯾ
ﺪ 9] و 10 .[
2 - 5 - رﺎﮔآ رد هﺮﻔﺣ
اﺮﺑ ي ا مﺎﺠﻧا ﯾ ﭘ زا هدﺎﻔﺘﺳا ﺎﺑ اﺪﺘﺑا رد نﻮﻣزآ ﻦ ﯿ
ﺮﺘﺳا رﻮﺘﺳﺎﭘ ﺖﭙ ﯾ
ﻞ
ﻣﯿ ﺼﺨﺸﻣ ناﺰ ﯽ
ﺤﻣ زا ﯿ ﻫ ﺮﻟﻮﻣ باﺬﻣ ﺖﺸﮐ ﻂ ﯿ
رﺎﮔآ نﻮﺘﻨ
) 20 ﻣ ﯿﻠ ﯽ ﻟﯿ ﺮﺘ (،
فوﺮﻇ زا ماﺪﮐ ﺮﻫ نورد ﻪﺑ )
ﺮﺘﭘ ي د ﯾ ﺶ ( رﯾ ﻪﺘﺨ
ﺪﺷ . ﻪﺘﺴﺑ زا ﺲﭘ ﺤﻣ نﺪﺷ
ﯿ ﻂ ﺎﻫ ي هﺮﻔﺣ فوﺮﻇ نورد رد ﺖﺸﮐ -
ﺎﻫ ﯾ ﯽ ﺎﻫﺮﻄﻗ ﺎﺑ ي ﯾ نﺎﺴﮑ ) 6 ﻣ ﯿﻠ ﯽ ﺮﺘﻣ ( ا نآ ﺢﻄﺳ رد ﯾ
دﺮﮔ دﺎﺠ ﯾ ﺪ .
ﺲﭙﺳ ﯾ ﺤﻣ هﺮﻄﻗ ﮏ ﯿ
ﻫ ﺮﻟﻮﻣ ﺖﺸﮐ ﻂ ﯿ
نورد رد باﺬﻣ رﺎﮔآ نﻮﺘﻨ
ﮏﻫﺎﭼ ﺎﻫ ﻪﺑ ﺲﻧﺎﺳا ذﻮﻔﻧ زا ﺖﻌﻧﺎﻤﻣ رﻮﻈﻨﻣ ﻒﮐ ﻪﺑ لﺎﻘﺗﺮﭘ ﺖﺳﻮﭘ
فوﺮﻇ ) ﺮﺘﭘ ي د ﯾ ﺶ ( رﯾ ﺪﺷ ﻪﺘﺨ . ﻣﯿ ناﺰ 100 ﻣ ﯿ ﻟوﺮﮑ ﯿ زا ﺮﺘ
ﭙﺳﻮﺳ ﺴﻧﺎ ﯿ نﻮ ﺎﻫ ي ﺮﺘﮐﺎﺑ ﯾﺎﯾ ﯽ ﻧ دراﺪﻧﺎﺘﺳا لدﺎﻌﻣ ﯿ
ﮏﻣ ﻢ ﻪﺑ ﺪﻨﻟرﺎﻓ
ﻪﻧﻮﮔ ا ي ﮏﻫﺎﭼ نورد ﻪﮐ ور ﺪﻨﮑﻧ ذﻮﻔﻧ ﺎﻫ
ي ﺤﻣ ﺢﻄﺳ ﯿ ﻂ ﺖﺸﮐ
ﻫ ﺮﻟﻮﻣ ﯿ ر رﺎﮔآ نﻮﺘﻨ ﯾ
ﻣ ﮏﻤﮐ ﻪﺑ و و ﻪﺘﺨ ﯿ
دﺮﮔ ﺶﺨﭘ ﻞﮑﺷ لا ﻪﻠ ﯾ
ﺪ .
ﺎﻬﻧ رد ﯾ ﻣ ﺖ ﯿ ناﺰ 20 ﻣ ﯿ ﻟوﺮﮑ ﯿ ﺮﺘﺳا لﺎﻘﺗﺮﭘ ﺖﺳﻮﭙﺴﻧﺎﺳا زا ﺮﺘ ﯾ
ﻪﺑ ﻞ
ﮏﻫﺎﭼ مﺎﻤﺗ نورد اﺪﻫﺎﺷ هﺮﻔﺣ ءﺰﺟ ﻪﺑ ﺎﻫ
فوﺮﻇ و ﺪﺷ هدوﺰﻓ
) ﺮﺘﭘ ي د ﯾ ﺶ ( تﺪﻣ ﻪﺑ 24 ﺎﻣد رد ﺖﻋﺎﺳ ي
37 ﺘﻧﺎﺳ ﻪﺟرد ﯽ
داﺮﮔ
ﺳﺎﺑﻮﮑﻧا نورد ﻪﺑ ﯿ
دﺮﮔ ﻞﻘﺘﻨﻣ نﻮ ﯾ
ﺪ . نﺎﻣز تﺪﻣ مﺎﻤﺗا زا ﺲﭘ
ﺳﺎﺑﻮﮑﻧا ﯿ ﻪﻟﺎﻫ ﺮﻄﻗ نﻮ ﺎﻫ
ي ﮏﻫﺎﭼ فاﺮﻃا ﺪﺷر مﺪﻋ ﮏﻤﮐ ﺎﺑ ﺎﻫ
ﻂﺧ ﺶﮐ هزاﺪﻧا ﮔﯿ ﺮ ي ﺎﺘﻧ و ﺪﻧﺪﺷ ﯾ
ﻣ ﺐﺴﺣ ﺮﺑ نآ ﺞ ﯿﻠ
ﯽ ﺖﺒﺛ ﺮﺘﻣ
دﺮﮔ ﯾ ﺪ 11] .[
2 - 6 - ﻈﻠﻏ ﻞﻗاﺪﺣ ﮔﺪﻧرادزﺎﺑ ﺖ
ﯽ ﺪﺷر زا
)ﻣ ﯿ ادوﺮﮑ ﯾ ثاﺮﺑ ﻦﺷﻮﻠ (
ﮔﺪﻧرادزﺎﺑ ﺖﻈﻠﻏ ﻞﻗاﺪﺣ نﻮﻣزآ ﯽ
لﺎﻘﺗﺮﭘ ﺖﺳﻮﭘ ﺲﻧﺎﺳا ﺪﺷر زا
ﮏﻫﺎﭼ رد ﺎﻫ
ي 96 ﻪﻧﺎﺧ ا ي ﺮﺘﺳا ﯾ ﻣ شور ﻪﺑ و ﻞ ﯿ
ادوﺮﮑ ﯾ ﻦﺷﻮﻠ
ﺬﭘ مﺎﺠﻧا ثاﺮﺑ ﯾ
ﺖﻓﺮ .ا ﯾ ﻣ ﻦ ﯿ ﻠﭘوﺮﮑ ﯿ ﺖ رد ﺎﻫ 12 نﻮﺘﺳ 8 ﮑﻫﺎﭼ ﯽ و
ﻢﺠﺣ ﻪﺑ 250 ﻣ ﯿ ﻟوﺮﮑ ﯿ ﺮﺘﺳا ترﻮﺻ ﻪﺑ و ﺮﺘ ﯾ
ﺪﻧراد دﻮﺟو ﻞ .
ا رد اﺪﺘﺑ
ﺖﻈﻠﻏ لﺎﻘﺗﺮﭘ ﺲﻧﺎﺳا زا 400
ﻣ ﯿﻠ ﯽ ﻣ ﺮﺑ مﺮﮔ ﯿﻠ ﯽ ﻟﯿ ردﺎﻣ لﻮﻠﺤﻣ ﺮﺘ
ﻬﺗ ﯿ دﺮﮔ ﻪ ﯾ ﺪ . اﺮﺑ ي ا ﯾ رﻮﻈﻨﻣ ﻦ 4
ﺎﺑ لﺎﻘﺗﺮﭘ ﺲﻧﺎﺳا زا مﺮﮔ 5/
9
ﻣﯿ ﻠ ﯽ ﻟﯿ ﺤﻣ ﺮﺘ ﯿ ﻫ ﺮﻟﻮﻣ ﺖﺸﮐ ﻂ ﯿ
دﺮﮔ ﻪﻓﺎﺿا ثاﺮﺑ نﻮﺘﻨ ﯾ
ﻪﺑ ،ﺪ رﻮﻈﻨﻣ
ﺤﻣ و ﺲﻧﺎﺳا نﺪﺷ طﻮﻠﺨﻣ ﯿ
ﺖﺸﮐ ﻂ ﻧﯿ ﻣ ﻢ ﯿﻠ ﯽ ﻟﯿ د ﺮﺘ ي ﺘﻣ ﯿ ﻞ
ﺎﺴﮐﻮﻔﻟﻮﺳ ﯾ نآ ﻪﺑ ﺪ ﺮﻈﻧ درﻮﻣ طﻮﻠﺨﻣ ﺲﭙﺳ و ﺪﺷ ﻪﻓﺎﺿا ﺎﻫ
ﻪﺑ ﺑ طﻼﺘﺧا رﻮﻈﻨﻣ ﯿ
ﺷ ﺮﺘﺸ ﯿ ﺪﺷ هداد ﮏ .
ﻬﺗ كﻮﺘﺳا زا ﯿ
هﺪﺷ ﻪ
ﺖﻗر ﺎﻫ ي ﻟاﻮﺘﻣ ﯽ ﺖﻈﻠﻏ ﻞﻣﺎﺷ ﻪﮐ ﺎﻫ
ي 200 ، 100 ، 50 ، 25 ، 5/
12 ،
25 /6 ، 125 /3 ، 56 / 1 و 78 /0 ﻬﺗ ،ﺪﻧدﻮﺑ ﯿ ﺪﻧﺪﺷ ﻪ . ﺖﻗر زا ﺎﻫ ي ﻬﺗ ﯿ ﻪ
ﻣ هﺪﺷ ﯿ ناﺰ 100 ﻣ ﯿ ﻟوﺮﮑ ﯿ ﻪﺑ ﺮﺘ ﻧﻮﺘﺳ ترﻮﺻ ﯽ
ﻪﺑ ﮏﻫﺎﭼ ﻪﻓﺎﺿا ﺎﻫ
دﺮﮔ ﯾ ﺪ . ﺮﺧآ نﻮﺘﺳ ود ﯾ
ﻨﻌ ﯽ نﻮﺘﺳ ﺎﻫ ي 11 و 12 ﻪﺑ ناﻮﻨﻋ
ﮏﻫﺎﭼ ﺎﻫ ي ﻔﻨﻣ و ﺖﺒﺜﻣ لﺮﺘﻨﮐ ﯽ
ﺪﻧﺪﺷ ﻪﺘﻓﺮﮔ ﺮﻈﻧ رد .
ﺮﻫ ﻪﺑ ﺲﭙﺳ
ﯾ ﮏﻫﺎﭼ زا ﮏ ﻣ ﺎﻫ
ﯿ ناﺰ 20 ﻣ ﯿ ﻟوﺮﮑ ﯿ ﺴﻧﺎﭙﺳﻮﺳ ﺮﺘ ﯿ
ﻣ نﻮ ﯿ ﺑوﺮﮑ ﯽ لدﺎﻌﻣ
ﻧ دراﺪﻧﺎﺘﺳا ﯿ
ﮏﻣ ﻢ دﺮﮔ ﻪﻓﺎﺿا ﺪﻨﻟرﺎﻓ ﯾ
ﺪ . ﻃ زا ﺲﭘ ﯽ
نﺎﻣز
ﻪﻧﺎﺨﻣﺮﮔ ﺬﮔ را ي ﻪﺑ تﺪﻣ 24 ﺎﻣد رد ﺖﻋﺎﺳ ي
37 ﺘﻧﺎﺳ ﻪﺟرد ﯽ
داﺮﮔ
ﺮﻫ ﻪﺑ ﯾ ﮏﻫﺎﭼ زا ﮏ ﻣ ﺎﻫ
ﯿ ناﺰ 20 ﻣ ﯿ ﻟوﺮﮑ ﯿ ﺮﺗ فﺮﻌﻣ ﺮﺘ ي
ﻨﻓ ﯿ ﻞ
ﻟوزاﺮﺘﺗ ﯿ اﺮﻠﮐ مﻮ ﯾ ﺮﺘﺳاﺪ ﯾ ﺪﺷ ﻪﻓﺎﺿا ﻞ .
ﺎﻬﻧ رد ﯾ ﺖ ﻣ ﯿ ﻠﭘوﺮﮑ ﯿ ﺖ 96
ﻪﻧﺎﺧ ا ي ﻪﺑ دﺪﺠﻣ تﺪﻣ 20 ﻗد ﯿ ﺎﻣد رد ﻪﻘ ي 37 ﺘﻧﺎﺳ ﻪﺟرد ﯽ
رد داﺮﮔ
ﺪﺷ هداد راﺮﻗ ﻪﻧﺎﺨﻣﺮﮔ .
ﺬﻣ نﺎﻣز مﺎﻤﺗا زا ﺲﭘ ﺮﺘﻤﮐ رﻮﮐ
ﯾ ﺘﻈﻠﻏ ﻦ ﯽ
ﺰﻣﺮﻗ ﮓﻧر ﻪﮐ لﺎﻘﺗﺮﭘ ﺲﻧﺎﺳا زا ﯾ
ﻧاﻮﻏرا ﺎ ﯿ ﻪﺑ ﺪﺸﻧ هﺪﻫﺎﺸﻤ ناﻮﻨﻋ
ﮔﺪﻧرادزﺎﺑ ﺖﻈﻠﻏ ﻞﻗاﺪﺣ ﯽ
ﺮﻈﻧ رد لﺎﻘﺗﺮﭘ ﺖﺳﻮﭘ ﺲﻧﺎﺳا ﺪﺷر زا
ﺪﺷ ﻪﺘﻓﺮﮔ 12]
و 13 .[
2 - 7 - ﮔﺪﻨﺸﮐ ﺖﻈﻠﻏ ﻞﻗاﺪﺣ ﯽ
ﻌﺗ ﯿﯿ ﮔﺪﻨﺸﮐ ﺖﻈﻠﻏ ﻞﻗاﺪﺣ ﻦ ﯽ
سﺎﺳا ﺮﺑ لﺎﻘﺗﺮﭘ ﺖﺳﻮﭘ ﺲﻧﺎﺳا
ﺎﺘﻧ ﯾ ﺖﻈﻠﻏ ﻞﻗاﺪﺣ ﺞ ﮔﺪﻧرادزﺎﺑ
ﯽ ر زا دﺮﮔ ﻪﺒﺳﺎﺤﻣ ﺪﺷ ﯾ
ﺪ . اﺮﺑ ي ا ﯾ ﻦ
ﮏﻫﺎﭼ زا رﻮﻈﻨﻣ ﺎﻫ
ﯾ ﯽ ﻫ نآ رد ﻪﮐ ﯿ
ﻐﺗ ﻪﻧﻮﮔ ﭻ ﯿﯿ
ﮕﻧر ﺮ ﯽ زا ﺪﻌﺑ
ﺮﺗ فﺮﻌﻣ ندﺮﮐ ﻪﻓﺎﺿا ي
ﻨﻓ ﯿ ﻟوزاﺮﺘﺗ ﻞ ﯿ اﺮﻠﮐ مﻮ ﯾ د ﺪ ﯾ ﻣ ،ﺪﺸﻧ هﺪ ﯿ ناﺰ
100 ﻣ ﯿ ﻟوﺮﮑ ﯿ ﻪﺑ و ﻪﺘﺷادﺮﺑ ﺮﺘ ﺤﻣ ﺢﻄﺳ ﺮﺑ ﻪﻧﺎﮔاﺪﺟ ترﻮﺻ
ﯿ ﻂ
ﻫ ﺮﻟﻮﻣ ﺖﺸﮐ ﯿ
ﺪﺷ هداد ﺖﺸﮐ رﺎﮔآ نﻮﺘﻨ .
ﺤﻣ ﺲﭙﺳ ﯿ ﻂ ﺎﻫ ي رﻮﮐﺬﻣ
ﻮﺗﺎﺑﻮﮑﻧا ﻪﺑ ر
ﻪﺑ و هﺪﺷ ﻞﻘﺘﻨﻣ تﺪﻣ
24 ﺎﻣد و ﺖﻋﺎﺳ ي
37 ﻪﺟرد
ﺘﻧﺎﺳ ﯽ ﺪﻧﺪﺷ هداد راﺮﻗ داﺮﮔ .
ﺎﻬﻧ رد ﯾ ﺮﺘﻤﮐ ﺖ ﯾ ﺘﻈﻠﻏ ﻦ ﯽ ﺲﻧﺎﺳا زا
ﻫ نآ رد ﻪﮐ ﯿ
ﻨﻠﮐ ﭻ ﯽ ﻪﺑ ،ﺪﺸﻧ هﺪﻫﺎﺸﻣ ﺖﻈﻠﻏ ﻞﻗاﺪﺣ ناﻮﻨﻋ
ﮔﺪﻨﺸﮐ ﯽ ﺪﺷ ﻪﺘﻓﺮﮔ ﺮﻈﻧ رد لﺎﻘﺗﺮﭘ ﺖﺳﻮﭘ ﺲﻧﺎﺳا 11]
و 12 .[
2 - 8 - زرا ﯾﺑﺎ ﯽ ﻢﻫ اﺰﻓا ﯾ ﯽ ﮔﺪﻨﻫﺎﮐ و ﯽ
ﺲﻧﺎﺳا
ﮐﺮﺗرد لﺎﻘﺗﺮﭘ ﺖﺳﻮﭘ ﯿ
ﺎﺑ ﺐ ﺘﻧآ
ﯽ ﺑﯿ ﺗﻮ ﯿ ﮏ ﺎﻫ ي
ﺎﻣﺎﺘﻨﺟ ﯾ ﺴ ﯿ ﻦ ﺎﺳاﺮﺘﺗ ، ﯾ ﻠﮑ ﯿ ﻨﻔﻣاﺮﻠﮐ و ﻦ ﯿ
ﻞﮑ
زرا ياﺮﺑ ﯾﺑﺎ ﯽ ﮐﺮﺗ ﺮﺛا ﯿﺒ ﯽ ﺘﻧآ ﺎﺑ لﺎﻘﺗﺮﭘ ﺲﻧﺎﺳا ﯽ
ﺑ ﯿ ﺗﻮ ﯿ ﮏ يﺎﻫ
ﺎﻣﺎﺘﻨﺟ ﯾ ﺴ ﯿ ﺎﺳاﺮﺘﺗ ،ﻦ ﯾ ﻠﮑ ﯿ ﻨﻔﻣاﺮﻠﮐ و ﻦ ﯿ
و ﺮﮔزﺮﺑ شور ﺎﺑ ﻖﺑﺎﻄﻣ ﻞﮑ
نارﺎﮑﻤﻫ ) 1398 ( دﺮﮔ هدﺎﻔﺘﺳا ، ﯾ
ﺪ . ياﺮﺑ ﺳرﺮﺑ ﯽ ﻢﻫ ﺮﺛا اﺰﻓا ﯾ ﯽ و
ﮔﺪﻨﻫﺎﮐ ﯽ ﺘﻧآ ﺮﺑ ﺲﻧﺎﺳا ﯽ
ﺑﯿ ﺗﻮ ﯿ ﮏ ﺎﻫ ي زا رﻮﮐﺬﻣ ﺖﺤﺗ ﺖﻈﻠﻏ
يرﺎﻬﻣ (sub-MIC) ﺪﺷ هدﺎﻔﺘﺳا
. ا رد ﯾ ﻪﺑ ﻪﺟﻮﺗ ﺎﺑ ﺶﻫوﮋﭘ ﻦ
لﻮﻣﺮﻓ رﺎﻬﻣ ﺖﺤﺗ ﺖﻈﻠﻏ ي
ﺖﻈﻠﻏ ، 2/
1 ﻪﺑ لﺎﻘﺗﺮﭘ ﺖﺳﻮﭘ ﺲﻧﺎﺳا
ﺤﻣ ﯿ ﻫ ﺮﻟﻮﻣ باﺬﻣ ﺖﺸﮐ ﻂ ﯿ
دﺮﮔ ﻪﻓﺎﺿا رﺎﮔآ نﻮﺘﻨ ﯾ
ﺪ . ﺲﭙﺳ 100 ﻣﯿ
ﻟوﺮﮑ ﯿ ﺴﻧﺎﭙﺳﻮﺳ زا ﺮﺘ ﯿ
نﻮ ﻣ ﯿ ﺑوﺮﮑ ﯽ ) دراﺪﻧﺎﺘﺳا لدﺎﻌﻣ
ﻧﯿ ﻢ ﮏﻣ ﺪﻨﻟرﺎﻓ ( ﺤﻣ ﺢﻄﺳ ﺮﺑ ، ﯿ
ﺖﻈﻠﻏ يوﺎﺣ ﺖﺸﮐ ﻂ ﺖﺤﺗ يﺎﻫ
يرﺎﻬﻣ ﺲﻧﺎﺳا ﺮﻠﭙﻤﺳ ﻂﺳﻮﺗ لﺎﻘﺗﺮﭘ ﺖﺳﻮﭘ ر
ﯾ ﮏﻤﮐ ﻪﺑ و ﺪﺷ ﻪﺘﺨ
ﻣﯿ دﺮﮔ ﺶﺨﭘ ﻞﮑﺷ لا ﻪﻠ ﯾ
ﺪ . ﺎﻬﻧ رد ﯾ د ﺖ ﯾ ﮏﺴ ﺘﻧآ يﺎﻫ ﯽ ﺑﯿ ﺗﻮ ﯿ ﮏ
ﺎﻣﺎﺘﻨﺟ ﯾ ﺴ ﯿ ﺎﺳاﺮﺘﺗ ،ﻦ ﯾ ﻠﮑ ﯿ ﻨﻔﻣاﺮﻠﮐ و ﻦ ﯿ
ﻞﮑ ﻪﺑ ﺮﺑ ﻪﻧﺎﮔاﺪﺟ ترﻮﺻ
ﺤﻣ ﺢﻄﺳ ﯿ ﻂ ﺎﻫ ي ﻫ ﺮﻟﻮﻣ ﺖﺸﮐ ﯿ
ﺪﺷ هداد راﺮﻗ رﺎﮔآ نﻮﺘﻨ .
ﺤﻣ ﯿ ﻂ ﺎﻫ ي
اﺮﺑ رﻮﮐﺬﻣ ﺖﺸﮐ ي
ﻪﻧﺎﺨﻣﺮﮔ ﻞﻤﻋ مﺎﺠﻧا ﻪﺑ يراﺬﮔ
تﺪﻣ 24 ﺖﻋﺎﺳ
يﺎﻣد رد 37 ﺘﻧﺎﺳ ﻪﺟرد ﯿ
رﻮﺗﺎﺑﻮﮑﻧا ﻪﺑ داﺮﮕ دﺮﮔ ﻞﻘﺘﻨﻣ
ﯾ ﺪ . زا ﺲﭘ
ﮔﺪﻧرادزﺎﺑ ﻪﻟﺎﻫ ﺮﻄﻗ هﺪﺷ ﺮﮐذ نﺎﻣز تﺪﻣ ﺖﺷﺬﮔ ﯽ
هدﺎﻔﺘﺳا ﺎﺑ ﺪﺷر
هزاﺪﻧا ﺶﮐ ﻂﺧ زا ﮔﯿ
ﺮ ي ﻪﺑ و ﻣ ترﻮﺻ ﯿﻠ ﯽ دﺮﮔ شراﺰﮔ ﺮﺘﻣ ﯾ
ﺪ 14] .[
2 - 9 - ﻟﺎﻧآ ﯿ يرﺎﻣآ ﺰ
اﺮﺑ ي ﻠﺤﺗ و ﻪﯾﺰﺠﺗ ﯿ
هداد ﻞ ﺎﻫ ي ا ﯾ مﺮﻧ زا ﺶﻫوﮋﭘ ﻦ راﺰﻓا
رﺎـﻣآ ي
SPSS1 ﻪﺨﺴﻧ
22 هدﺎﻔﺘﺳا دﺮﮔ ﯾ ﻟﺎﻧآ نﻮﻣزآ زا ،ﺪ ﯿ
ﮏﯾ ﺲﻧﺎﯾراو ﺰ
ﻪـــﻓﺮﻃ (ANOVA) ﻣ ﻪﺴـــﯾﺎﻘﻣ ﺖـــﻬﺟ
ـــﯿ ﮕﻧﺎ ﯿ ﻦ زا و ﺎـــﻫ
نﻮﻣزآ Duncan ﺳرﺮﺑ ﺖﻬﺟ
ﯽ ﺑ فﻼﺘﺧا ﯿ ﻦ ﻣ ﯿ ﮕﻧﺎ ﯿ ﻦ ﺢﻄـﺳ رد ﺎﻫ
p< 0/05 ﺪﺷ هدﺎﻔﺘﺳا
.
3 - ﺎﺘﻧ ﯾ ﺚﺤﺑ و ﺞ
ﺎﺘﻧ ﯾ زرا ﺞ ﯾﺑﺎ ﯽ ﻟﺎﻌﻓ ﯿ ﻣﺪﺿ ﺖ ﯿ ﺑوﺮﮑ ﯽ ﻪﺑ لﺎﻘﺗﺮﭘ ﺖﺳﻮﭘ ﺲﻧﺎﺳا
ﺪﺷور ﯾ د ﮏﺴ ﯾﻔ ﯿ ﺎﺘﻧ هاﺮﻤﻫ ﻪﺑ نژﻮ ﯾ
ﻢﻫ ﺞ اﺰﻓا ﯾ ﯽ ﮔﺪﻨﻫﺎﮐ و ﯽ ﺲﻧﺎﺳا
ﮐﺮﺗ رد لﺎﻘﺗﺮﭘ ﺖﺳﻮﭘ ﯿ
ﺘﻧآ ﺎﺑ ﺐ ﯽ
ﺑﯿ ﺗﻮ ﯿ ﮏ ﺎﻫ ي ﺎﻣﺎﺘﻨﺟ ﯾ ﺴ ﯿ ،ﻦ
ﺎﺳاﺮﺘﺗ ﯾ ﻠﮑ ﯿ ﻨﻔﻣاﺮﻠﮐ و ﻦ ﯿ
ﻞﮑ ور ي ﻮﺳ ﯾﻪ ﺎﻫ ي درﻮﻣ ﺳرﺮﺑ ﯽ
ﺷﺮﺷا) ﯿ ﻠﮐﺎ ﯽ ژوﺮﺋآ سﺎﻧﻮﻣودﻮﺳ ، ﯾ
ﺗ ﻼﻧﻮﻤﻟﺎﺳ ،ازﻮﻨ ﯿﻔ
ﯽ ،
ﻓﺎﺘﺳا ﯿ ﺳﺎﺑ ،سﻮﺋروا سﻮﮐﻮﮐﻮﻠ ﯿ
ﺳﺎﺑ ،سﻮﺋﺮﺳ سﻮﻠ ﯿ
ﻠﺘﺑﺎﺳ سﻮﻠ ﯿ
،ﺲ
ﻓﺎﺘﺳا ﯿ ﭘا سﻮﮐﻮﮐﻮﻠ ﯿ
ﻣرﺪ ﯿ ﺪﯾ و ﺲ ﻟﯿ ﺮﺘﺴ ﯾ ا ﺎ ﯾ ﻮﮐﻮﻨ (ا لوﺪﺟ رد 1،
ﺖﺳا هﺪﺷ هدروآ .
ﺎﺘﻧ ﯾ د نﻮﻣزآ زا ﻞﺻﺎﺣ ﺞ ﯾ
د ﮏﺴ ﯾﻔ ﯿ نﺎﺸﻧ نژﻮ
ﻣ ﯽ اﺮﺑ لﺎﻘﺗﺮﭘ ﺲﻧﺎﺳا ﺪﺷر مﺪﻋ ﻪﻟﺎﻫ ﺮﻄﻗ ﻪﮐ ﺪﻫد ي
ﺮﺘﮐﺎﺑ ي ﺎﻫ ي
ﺷﺮﺷا ﯿ ﻠﮐﺎ ﯽ ، ژوﺮﺋآ سﺎﻧﻮﻣودﻮﺳ ﯾ
ازﻮﻨ ﺗ ﻼﻧﻮﻤﻟﺎﺳ ، ﯿﻔ
ﯽ ،
ﻓﺎﺘﺳا ﯿ ﺳﺎﺑ ،سﻮﺋروا سﻮﮐﻮﮐﻮﻠ ﯿ
ﺳﺎﺑ ،سﻮﺋﺮﺳ سﻮﻠ ﯿ
سﻮﻠ ﻠﺘﺑﺎﺳ ﯿ ،ﺲ
ﻓﺎﺘﺳا ﯿ ﭘا سﻮﮐﻮﮐﻮﻠ ﯿ
ﻣرﺪ ﯿ ﺪﯾ ﺲ و ﻟﯿ ﺮﺘﺴ ﯾ ا ﺎ ﯾ اﻮﮐﻮﻨ ﻪﺑ ﺗﺮﺗ ﯿ ﺖﺳا ﺮﺑاﺮﺑ ﺐ
ﺎﺑ 30 / 15 ، 14 ، 10 / 15 ، 10 / 17 ، 20 / 21 ، 30 / 19 ، 80 / 16 و
20 / 13 ﻣ ﯽ ﺪﺷﺎﺑ . ا رد ﯾ ﺑ نﻮﻣزآ ﻦ ﯿ ﺮﺘﺸ ﯾ طﻮﺑﺮﻣ ﺪﺷر مﺪﻋ ﻪﻟﺎﻫ ﺮﻄﻗ ﻦ
ﻮﺳ ﻪﺑ ﯾ ﺖﺒﺜﻣ مﺮﮔ ﻪ ﺳﺎﺑ
ﯿ سﻮﺋﺮﺳ سﻮﻠ هزاﺪﻧا ﺎﺑ
20 / 21 ﻣ ﯿﻠ ﯽ ﺘﻣ دﻮﺑﺮ
ﺮﺘﻤﮐ و ﯾ ﻧ ﺪﺷر مﺪﻋ ﻪﻟﺎﻫ ﺮﻄﻗ ﻦ ﯿ
ﻮﺳ ﻪﺑ طﻮﺑﺮﻣ ﺰ ﯾ
ﻔﻨﻣ مﺮﮔ ﻪ ﯽ
ﻟﯿ ﺮﺘﺴ ﯾ ا ﺎ ﯾ آﻮﮐﻮﻨ هزاﺪﻧا ﺎﺑ 20 / 13 ﻣ ﯿﻠ ﯽ دﻮﺑ ﺮﺘﻣ . ﺎﺘﻧ ﯾ ا زا ﻞﺻﺎﺣ ﺞ ﯾ
ﻦ
اراد لﺎﻘﺗﺮﭘ ﺲﻧﺎﺳا ﻪﮐ داد نﺎﺸﻧ نﻮﻣزآ ي
ﺮﺘﮐﺎﺑﺪﺿ ﺮﺛا ﯾﺎﯾ
ﯽ ﻞﺑﺎﻗ
ﻬﺟﻮﺗ ﯽ ور ي ﻮﺳ ﯾﻪ ﺎﻫ ي ﺖﺷاد ﻪﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣ درﻮﻣ .
ﺎﺘﻧ ﯾ د داد نﺎﺸﻧ ﺞ ر
ﮐﺮﺗ ﺖﻟﺎﺣ ﯿ ﺎﺑ لﺎﻘﺗﺮﭘ ﺖﺳﻮﭘ ﺲﻧﺎﺳا ﺐ ﺘﻧآ
ﯽ ﺑﯿ ﺗﻮ ﯿ ﻨﻔﻣاﺮﻠﮐ ﮏ ﯿ
ﻞﮑ
ﻮﺳﺮﺑ ﯾﻪ ﺎﻫ ي ژوﺮﺋآ سﺎﻧﻮﻣودﻮﺳ ﯾ
،ازﻮﻨ ﺷﺮﺷا ﯿ ﻠﮐﺎ ﯽ ﻓﺎﺘﺳا ، ﯿ سﻮﮐﻮﮐﻮﻠ
سﻮﺋروا ﺳﺎﺑ و ﯿ ﻠﺘﺑﺎﺳ سﻮﻠ ﯿ
ﻧﻮﮔﺎﺘﻧآ ﺖﻟﺎﺣ ﺲ ﯿ
ﻤﺴ ﯽ دﺮﮔ هﺪﻫﺎﺸﻣ ﯾ
،ﺪ
ﮐﺮﺗ ﺖﻟﺎﺣ رد رد ﺎﻣا ﯿﺒ
ﯽ ﺘﻧآ و ﺲﻧﺎﺳا ﯽ
ﺑﯿ ﺗﻮ ﯿ ﻨﻔﻣاﺮﻠﮐ ﮏ ﯿ
اﺮﺑ ﻞﮑ ي
ﺮﺘﮐﺎﺑ ي ﺎﻫ ﻟﯿ ي ﺮﺘﺴ ﯾ ا ﺎ ﯾ اﻮﮐﻮﻨ ﺗ ﻼﻧﻮﻤﻟﺎﺳ ، ﯿﻔ
ﯽ ﻓﺎﺘﺳا ﯿ سﻮﮐﻮﮐﻮﻠ
ﭘاﯿ ﻣرﺪ ﯿﺪ ﯾ ﺳﺎﺑ و ﺲ ﯿ سﻮﺋﺮﺳ سﻮﻠ ﺳ ﺖﻟﺎﺣ
ﯿ ژﺮﻨ ﯾ ﺘﺴ ﯽ ﺪﺷ هﺪﻫﺎﺸﻣ .
ﺎﺘﻧ ﯾ ﮐﺮﺗ ﺖﻟﺎﺣ رد ﻪﮐ داد نﺎﺸﻧ ﺞ ﯿﺒ
ﯽ و لﺎﻘﺗﺮﭘ ﺖﺳﻮﭘ ﺲﻧﺎﺳا
ﺘﻧآ ﯽ ﺑﯿ ﺗﻮ ﯿ ﺎﻣﺎﺘﻨﺟ ﮏ ﯾ ﺴ ﯿ اﺮﺑ ﻦ ي ﺮﺘﮐﺎﺑ ي ﺎﻫ ي ژوﺮﺋآ سﺎﻧﻮﻣودﻮﺳ ﯾ
زﻮﻨ ، ﺷﺮﺷا
ﯿ ﻠﮐﺎ
،ﯽ ﻓﺎﺘﺳا ﯿ ﺳﺎﺑ ،سﻮﺋروا سﻮﮐﻮﮐﻮﻠ ﯿ
و سﻮﺋﺮﺳ سﻮﻠ
ﺳﺎﺑ ﯿ ﺑﺎﺳ سﻮﻠ ﻠﺘﯿ ﺳ ﺖﻟﺎﺣ ﺲ ﯿ ژﺮﻨ ﯾ ﺘﺴ ﯽ دﺮﮔ هﺪﻫﺎﺸﻣ ﯾ
ﺪ . ﺖﻟﺎﺣ رد
ﮐﺮﺗ ﯿ ﺘﻧآ و ﺲﻧﺎﺳا ﺐ ﯽ
ﺑﯿ ﺗﻮ ﯿ ﺎﻣﺎﺘﻨﺟ ﮏ ﯾ ﺴ ﯿ ﻧ ﻦ ﯿ اﺮﺑ ﺰ ي ﺮﺘﮐﺎﺑ ي ﺎﻫ ي
ﺗ ﻼﻧﻮﻤﻟﺎﺳ ﯿﻔ
ﯽ ﻟ ، ﯿ ﺮﺘﺴ ﯾ ا ﺎ ﯾ اﻮﮐﻮﻨ و ﻓﺎﺘﺳا ﯿ ﭘا سﻮﮐﻮﮐﻮﻠ ﯿ
ﻣرﺪ ﯿﺪ ﯾ ﺲ
ﻧﻮﮔﺎﺘﻧآ ﺖﻟﺎﺣ ﯿ
ﻤﺴ ﯽ دﺮﮔ هﺪﻫﺎﺸﻣ ﯾ
ﺪ . ﺎﺘﻧ ﯾ ﺖﻟﺎﺣ رد ﻪﮐ داد نﺎﺸﻧ ﺞ
ﮐﺮﺗ ﯿﺒ ﯽ و لﺎﻘﺗﺮﭘ ﺖﺳﻮﭘ ﺲﻧﺎﺳا ﺘﻧآ
ﯽ ﺑﯿ ﺗﻮ ﯿ ﺎﺳاﺮﺘﺗ ﮏ ﯾ ﻠﮑ ﯿ ﻣﺎﻤﺗ ﺮﺑ ﻦ ﯽ
ﻮﺳ ﯾﻪ ﺎﻫ ي ﻪﺑ ﺶﻫوﮋﭘ درﻮﻣ ﺮﺘﮐﺎﺑ ءﺰﺟ
ي ﻓﺎﺘﺳا ﯿ سﻮﺋروا سﻮﮐﻮﮐﻮﻠ
ﻧﻮﮔﺎﺘﻧآ ﺖﻟﺎﺣ ﯿ
ﻤﺴ ﯽ دﺮﮔ هﺪﻫﺎﺸﻣ ﯾ
ﺪ.
ﮐﺮﺗ ﺖﻟﺎﺣ رد ﯿﺒ
ﯽ و ﺲﻧﺎﺳا
ﺘﻧآ ﯽ ﺑﯿ ﺗﻮ ﯿ ﮏ ﺎﺳاﺮﺘﺗ ﯾ ﻠﮑ ﯿ ﻦ اﺮﺑ ي ﺮﺘﮐﺎﺑ ي ﺖﺒﺜﻣ مﺮﮔ ﻓﺎﺘﺳا
ﯿ سﻮﮐﻮﮐﻮﻠ
سﻮﺋروا ﺳ ﺖﻟﺎﺣ ﯿ ژﺮﻨ ﯾ ﺘﺴ ﯽ ﺪﺷ هﺪﻫﺎﺸﻣ .
ﻞﮑﺷ رد 1 ﻪﻧﻮﻤﻧ ، ا ي زا
ﺛﺎﺗ ﯿ ﺘﻧآ ﺎﺑ لﺎﻘﺗﺮﭘ ﺲﻧﺎﺳا ﺮﺛا نﺎﻣﺰﻤﻫ ﺮ ﯽ
ﺑﯿ ﺗﻮ ﯿ ﺎﻣﺎﺘﻨﺟ ﮏ ﯾ ﺴ ﯿ ﺮﺑ ﻦ
ﺮﺘﮐﺎﺑ ﺳﺎﺑي ﯿ ﻠﺘﺑﺎﺳ سﻮﻠ ﯿ
ﺖﺳا هﺪﺷ هداد نﺎﺸﻧﺲ .
Table 1 The mean inhibition zone diameter (mm) orange essential oil(OEO)and its interaction with chloramphenicol, gentamicinand tetracycline antibiotics on some pathogenic microorganisms (disk
diffusion agar)
-Values are expressed as mean ±standard deviations, n = 3; different letters (a, b, c, d, e. and f) in each column show significant difference at P ≤ 0.05.
-OEO:orange essential oil, Chl: Chloramphenicol, Gen: Gentamicin, Tet:Tetracycline, Syn: Synergy, Ant:
Antagonism.
Fig 1The interaction of orange essential oil(OEO)with gentamicin antibiotic on Bacillus
cereus.
ﺎﺘﻧ ﯾ ﻟﺎﻌﻓ ﻪﺑ طﻮﺑﺮﻣ ﺞ ﯿ
ﻣﺪﺿ ﺖ ﯿ ﺑوﺮﮑ ﯽ ﻪﺑ لﺎﻘﺗﺮﭘ ﺖﺳﻮﭘ ﺲﻧﺎﺳا
ﮔﺪﻧرادزﺎﺑ ﺖﻈﻠﻏ ﻞﻗاﺪﺣ ،رﺎﮔآ رد هﺮﻔﺣ شور ﯽ
ﻞﻗاﺪﺣ و ﺪﺷر زا
ﮔﺪﻨﺸﮐ ﺖﻈﻠﻏ ﯽ
ﻮﺳ ﺮﺑ ﯾﻪ ﺎﻫ ي ﺳرﺮﺑ درﻮﻣ ﯿ
لوﺪﺟ رﺪ 2
هﺪﺷ هدروآ ،
ﺖﺳا . ﺑ رﺎﮔآ رد هﺮﻔﺣ نﻮﻣزآ رد ﯿ
ﺮﺘﺸ ﯾ ﻪﺑ طﻮﺑﺮﻣ ﺪﺷر مﺪﻋ ﻪﻟﺎﻫ ﻦ
ﺮﺘﮐﺎﺑ ي ﺖﺒﺜﻣ مﺮﮔ ﻓﺎﺘﺳا
ﯿ سﻮﺋروا سﻮﮐﻮﮐﻮﻠ ﺮﻄﻗ ﺎﺑ
30 / 17 ﻣ ﯿﻠ ﯽ -
دﻮﺑﺮﺘﻣ . ﺮﺘﻤﮐ ﯾ ﺮﺘﮐﺎﺑ ﻪﺑ طﻮﺑﺮﻣ ﺪﺷر مﺪﻋ ﻪﻟﺎﻫ ﻦ ي
مﺮﮔ
ﻔﻨﻣ ﯽ ﺷﺮﺷا ﯿ ﻠﮐﺎ ﯽ ﺮﻄﻗﺎﺑ 10 / 11 ﻣ ﯿﻠ ﯽ دﻮﺑﺮﺘﻣ . ﺎﺘﻧ ﯾ ﻞﻗاﺪﺣ ﻪﺑ طﻮﺑﺮﻣ ﺞ
ﮔﺪﻧرادزﺎﺑ ﺖﻈﻠﻏ ﯽ
ﺮﺘﮐﺎﺑ ﺪﺷر زا ي
ﺎﻫ ي ﺷﺮﺷا ﯿ ﻠﮐﺎ ﯽ سﺎﻧﻮﻣودﻮﺳ ،
ژوﺮﺋآ ﯾ ازﻮﻨ ﺗ ﻼﻧﻮﻤﻟﺎﺳ ، ﯿﻔ
ﯽ
، ﻓﺎﺘﺳا ﯿ سﻮﺋروا سﻮﮐﻮﮐﻮﻠ ﺳﺎﺑ ،
ﯿ سﻮﻠ
ﺳﺎﺑ ،سﻮﺋﺮﺳ ﯿ
ﻠﺘﺑﺎﺳ سﻮﻠ ﯿ
ﺲ
، ﻓﺎﺘﺳا ﯿ ﭘا سﻮﮐﻮﮐﻮﻠ ﯿ
ﻣرﺪ ﯿ ﺪﯾ ﺲ و
Microorganism OEO Chl Gen Tet In (Chl + OEO) In (Gen +OEO) In (Tet + OEO)
P. aeruginosa 14.00 ±0.30e 20.10 ±0.26c 16.10 ±0.45f 21.60 ±0.36d 13.20 ±0.43d (Ant) 22.10 ±0.17d(Syn) 12.10 ±0.17d (Ant) E. coli 15.30 ±0.10d 26.30 ±0.26a 24.20 ±0.26c 18.30 ±0.39e 14.10 ±0.45d(Ant) 27.20 ±0.26b(Syn) 10.10 ±0.36e (Ant) S. typhi 15.10 ±0.26d 17.30 ±0.51d 24.26 ±0.25c 18.10 ±0.10e 24.10 ±0.10a (Syn) 14.00 ±0.30e(Ant) 8.00 ±0.20f(Ant) L. innocua 13.20 ±0.20f 8.10 ±0.36e 26.10 ±0.17b 20.30 ±0.30d 16.20 ±0.20c(Syn) 12.20 ±0.20f(Ant) 12.30 ±0.26d(Ant)
S. aureus 17.10 ±0.36c 24.10 ±0.10b 22.30 ±0.26d 24.30 ±0.36b 16.80 ±0.17c (Ant) 24.20 ±0.18c(Syn) 25.30 ±0.43a (Syn) B. cereus 21.20 ±0.20a 24.20 ±0.26b 20.30 ±0.30e 18.30 ±0.26f 24.90 ±0.30a (Syn) 24.30 ±0.39c(Syn) 16.10 ±0.17b (Ant) B. subtilis 19.30 ±0.30b 26.10 ±0.17a 28.00 ±0.20a 30.10 ±0.17a 18.50 ±0.30b(Ant) 34.30 ±0.27a (Syn) 14.10 ±0.17c (Ant) S. epidermidis 16.80 ±0.36c 24.00 ±0.30b 26.10 ±0.26b 22.10 ±0.10c 25.30 ±0.36a (Syn) 15.10 ±0.10e(Ant) 14.00 ±0.22c (Ant)
ﻟﯿ ﺮﺘﺴ ﯾ ا ﺎ ﯾ اﻮﮐﻮﻨ ﻪﺑ ﺗﺮﺗ ﯿ ﺎﺑﺮﺑاﺮﺑ ﺐ 25
، 400 ، 50 ، 5/
12 ، 25 ، 25 ،
400 و 5/
12 ﻣﯿ ﻠ ﯽ ﻣ ﺮﺑ مﺮﮔ ﯿﻠ ﯽ ﻟﯿ دﻮﺑ ﺮﺘ . موﺎﻘﻣ ﺮﺗ ﯾ ﻮﺳ ﻦ ﯾ ا رد ﻪ ﯾ ﻦ
ﺮﺘﮐﺎﺑ ﻪﺑ طﻮﺑﺮﻣ نﻮﻣزآ ي
ﺎﻫ ي ﻔﻨﻣ مﺮﮔ ژوﺮﺋآ سﺎﻧﻮﻣودﻮﺳﯽ
ﯾ و ازﻮﻨ
ﺖﺒﺜﻣ مﺮﮔ ﻓﺎﺘﺳا ﯿ ﭘا سﻮﮐﻮﮐﻮﻠ ﯿ
ﻣرﺪ ﯿ ﺪﯾ دﻮﺑ ﺲ . ﺮﺘﻤﮐ ﯾ ﻧ ﺖﻣوﺎﻘﻣ ﻦ ﯿ
ﺰ
ﻮﺳ ﻪﺑ طﻮﺑﺮﻣ ﯾﻪ
ﺎﻫ ي ﻓﺎﺘﺳا ﯿ سﻮﺋروا سﻮﮐﻮﮐﻮﻠ و
ﻟﯿ ﺮﺘﺴ ﯾ ا ﺎ ﯾ اﻮﮐﻮﻨ
دﻮﺑ . ﺎﺘﻧ ﯾ ﮔﺪﻨﺸﮐ ﺖﻈﻠﻏ ﻞﻗاﺪﺣ ﻪﺑ طﻮﺑﺮﻣ ﺞ ﯽ
لﺎﻘﺗﺮﭘ ﺖﺳﻮﭘ ﺲﻧﺎﺳا ﻣﺎﻤﺗ ﺮﺑ
ﯽ ﻮﺳ ﯾﻪ زا ﺮﺘﮔرﺰﺑ ﺎﻫ 400
ﻣ ﯿﻠ ﯽ ﻣ ﺮﺑ مﺮﮔ ﯿﻠ ﯽ ﻟﯿ دﻮﺑ ﺮﺘ . ﻪﺑ رﻮﻃ
ﻠﮐ ﯽ ﮔﺪﻨﺸﮐ ﺖﻈﻠﻏ ﻞﻗاﺪﺣ ﯽ
ﺑ لﺎﻘﺗﺮﭘ ﺖﺳﻮﭘ ﺲﻧﺎﺳا ﺪﺷر زا ﯿ
ﺮﺘﺸ
ﮔﺪﻧرادزﺎﺑ ﺖﻈﻠﻏ ﻞﻗاﺪﺣ زا ﯽ
دﻮﺑ ﺪﺷر . ﻞﮑﺷ 2 ﺎﻤﻧ ، ﯾ ﯽ ﻞﻗاﺪﺣ زا
ﮔﺪﻧرادزﺎﺑ ﺖﻈﻠﻏ ﯽ
ﻮﺳ ﺮﺑ لﺎﻘﺗﺮﭘ ﺖﺳﻮﭘ ﺲﻧﺎﺳا ﺪﺷر زا ﯾﻪ
ﺎﻫ ي
ﺳرﺮﺑ درﻮﻣ ﯽ ﻣ نﺎﺸﻧ ار ﯽ ﺪﻫد .
Table 2 The well diffusion agar (WDA), minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) of the orange essential oil(OEO)on some pathogenic microorganisms
Microorganism WDA (mm) MIC (mg/mL) MBC (mg/mL)
P. aeruginosa 13.00 ±0.20 400 >400
E. coli 11.10 ±0.10 25 >400
S. typhi 15.60 ±0.45 50 >400
L. innocua 12.20 ±0.20 12.5 >400
S. aureus 17.30 ±0.30 12.5 >400
B. cereus 15.30 ±0.51 25 >400
B. subtilis 12.20 ±0.26 25 >400
S. epidermidis 16.10 ±0.17 400 >400
Fig 2The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of orange essential oil(OEO).
ﺶﻫوﮋﭘ ،ﻪﺘﺷﺬﮔ ﻪﻫد ﺪﻨﭼ رد ﺎﻫ
ي ﻧاواﺮﻓ ﯽ اﺮﺑ ي ﺳرﺮﺑ ﯽ ﻟﺎﻌﻓ ﯿ ﺖ
ﺮﺘﮐﺎﺑﺪﺿ ﯾﺎﯾ ﯽ ﮐﺮﺗ عاﻮﻧا ﯿ ﮔ زا ﻞﺻﺎﺣ تﺎﺒ ﯿ
ﺲﻧﺎﺳا ﻪﻠﻤﺟ زا نﺎﻫﺎ و ﺎﻫ
هرﺎﺼﻋ ﺬﭘ ترﻮﺻ ﺎﻫ ﯾ
ﮐﺎﺣ ﻪﮐ ﺖﺳا ﻪﺘﻓﺮ ﯽ
ﻣ زا ﯿ ﺎﻧاﻮﺗ ناﺰ ﯾ ﯽ و
ا ترﺪﻗ ﯾ ﮔﻮﻠﺟ رد داﻮﻣ ﻦ ﯿﺮ
ي ﻃ ﺪﺷر زا ﯿ
ﺳو ﻒ ﯿﻌ ﯽ زا
ﻣﯿ ﻧﺎﮔراوﺮﮑ ﯿ ﻢﺴ ﺎﻫ ي ﺑ ﯿ رﺎﻤ ي ﻣ از ﯽ ﺪﺷﺎﺑ . ا ﻪﺑ ﻪﺟﻮﺗ ﺎﺑ ﯾ
ا ﻪﮑﻨ ﯾ ﻦ
ﮐﺮﺗ ﯿ ﻪﺑ ًﻼﻣﺎﮐ تﺎﺒ ﺒﻃ ترﻮﺻ
ﯿﻌ ﯽ اﺮﺑﺎﻨﺑ ،ﺪﻧراد دﻮﺟو ﯾ
ﺛﺎﺗ ﻦ ﯿ تاﺮ
ﻔﻨﻣ ﯽ ز و ﯾ نﺎ نآ روآ ﺘﻣﻼﺳ ﺮﺑ ﺎﻫ ﯽ
نﺎﺴﻧا ﺤﻣ و ﺎﻫ ﯿ ﻂ زﯾ ﺴﺑ ﺖﺴ ﯿ رﺎ
ﺘﻧآ زا ﺮﺘﻤﮐ ﯽ
ﺑﯿ ﺗﻮ ﯿ ﮏ ﺎﻫ ي ﺷ ﯿﻤ ﯿﺎﯾ ﯽ ﻣ ﯽ ﺪﺷﺎﺑ . ا رد ﯾ ﺮﺛا ﺶﻫوﮋﭘ ﻦ
ﻣﺪﺿ ﯿ ﺑوﺮﮑ ﯽ ﺮﺑ لﺎﻘﺗﺮﭘ ﺖﺳﻮﭘ ﺲﻧﺎﺳا 8
ﻮﺳ ﯾ ﺮﺘﮐﺎﺑ ﻪ ي ﺑ ﯿ رﺎﻤ ي از ﺖﻓﺮﮔ راﺮﻗ ﻪﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣ درﻮﻣ
. ﺎﺘﻧ ﯾ ا زا ﻞﺻﺎﺣ ﺞ ﯾ
داد نﺎﺸﻧ ﺶﻫوﮋﭘ ﻦ
ﺑﻮﺧ ﻪﺑ لﺎﻘﺗﺮﭘ ﺲﻧﺎﺳا ﻪﮐ ﯽ
ﻣ ﯽ ﺮﺘﮐﺎﺑ ﺪﺷر زا ﻊﻧﺎﻣ ﺪﻧاﻮﺗ ي
ﺎﻫ ي درﻮﻣ
دﺮﮔ ﻪﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣ ﯾ
ﺪ.
Parish نارﺎﮑﻤﻫ و )
2003 ( ﺸﻫوﮋﭘ رد ، ﯽ
ﺮﺛا
ﻣﺪﺿ ﯿ ﺑوﺮﮑ ﯽ ور ار لﺎﻘﺗﺮﭘ ﺲﻧﺎﺳا ي
داﺪﻌﺗ ي ﻮﺳ زا ﯾﻪ ﺎﻫ ي
ﺮﺘﮐﺎﺑ ﯾﺎﯾ ﯽ ﺳرﺮﺑ درﻮﻣ ﯽ
ﺪﻧداد راﺮﻗ .
ﺎﺘﻧ ﯾ نآ ﺶﻫﮋﭘ زا ﻞﺻﺎﺣ ﺞ ﺎﻫ
ور لﺎﻘﺗﺮﭘ ﺲﻧﺎﺳا ﻪﮐ داد نﺎﺸﻧ ي
ﺮﺘﮐﺎﺑ ي ﺎﻫ ي ﻪﺑ ﻪﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣ درﻮﻣ -
ﺮﺘﮐﺎﺑ صﻮﺼﺧ ي
ﻣﺪﺿ ﺮﺛا ﻼﻧﻮﻤﻟﺎﺳ ﯿ
ﺑوﺮﮑ ﯽ ﻬﺟﻮﺗ ﻞﺑﺎﻗ ﯽ
دراد 15] .[ O’bryan نارﺎﮑﻤﻫ و
) 2008 ( ﻟﺎﻌﻓ ، ﯿ ﻣﺪﺿ ﺖ ﯿ ﺑوﺮﮑ ﯽ
ور ار لﺎﻘﺗﺮﭘ ﺲﻧﺎﺳا ي
11 ﺗوﺮﺳ ﯿ راﺮﻗ ﻪﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣ درﻮﻣ ﻼﻧﻮﻤﻟﺎﺳ ﭗ
ﺪﻧداد . ﺎﺘﻧ ﯾ نآ ﻪﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣ زا ﻞﺻﺎﺣ ﺞ لﺎﻘﺗﺮﭘ ﺲﻧﺎﺳا ﻪﮐ داد نﺎﺸﻧ ﺎﻫ
ور ي 11 ﺗوﺮﺳ ﯿ اراد ﻼﻧﻮﻤﻟﺎﺳ ﭗ ي
ﻟﺎﻌﻓ ﯿ ﻣﺪﺿ ﺖ ﯿ ﺑوﺮﮑ ﯽ دﻮﺑ
16] .[ Neng-guo نارﺎﮑﻤﻫ و
) 2009 ( ﮐﺮﺗ ، ﯿ ﺷ ﺐ ﯿﻤ ﯿﺎﯾ ﯽ و
ﻓ ﻟﺎﻌ ﯿ ﺪﺿ ﺖ ﻣﯿ ﺑوﺮﮑ ﯽ ﺷ لﺎﻘﺗﺮﭘ ﺖﺳﻮﭘ ﺲﻧﺎﺳا ﯿﺮ
ﯾ ﻦ ) ﮓﻧﺎﺘﮔ ﻦﺑ ( ار
ﺳرﺮﺑ درﻮﻣ ﯽ ﺪﻧداد راﺮﻗ .
ﺎﺘﻧ ﯾ نآ ﺶﻫوﮋﭘ زا ﻞﺻﺎﺣ ﺞ داد نﺎﺸﻧ ﺎﻫ
اراد لﺎﻘﺗﺮﭘ ﺲﻧﺎﺳا ﻪﮐ ي
ﻃ ﯿ هدﺮﺘﺴﮔ ﻒ ا
ي ﻟﺎﻌﻓ زا ﯿ ﺪﺿ ﺖ ﻣﯿ ﺑوﺮﮑ ﯽ
ﻪﻧﻮﮔ ﺮﺑ ﺎﻫ ي نآ ﻪﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣ درﻮﻣ ﺎﻫ
ﻓﺎﺘﺳا) ﯿ ﺷﺮﺷا ،سﻮﺋروا سﻮﮐﻮﮐﻮﻠ ﯿ
ﺎ
ﻠﮐ ﯽ ﺳﺎﺑ ، ﯿ ﻠﺘﺑﺎﺳ سﻮﻠ ﯿ
ﺎﮐﺎﺳ ،ﺲ ﺎﻣور ﯾ ﺲﺴ وﺮﺳ ﯾﺰ ﯾ ﻨﭘ و ﻪ ﯽ ﺳ ﯿﻠﯿ مﻮ
ﺮﮐ ﯾ مﻮﻧژوﺰ ( دﻮﺑ 17] .[ Celikel نارﺎﮑﻤﻫ و )
2008 ( ﻃ رد ، ﯽ
ﺸﻫوﮋﭘ ﯽ ﺲﻧﺎﺳا وآ يﺎﻫ ﯾ ﺮﻣ ،ﻮﺑ گﺮﺑ ،ﺰﺒﺳ درﻮﻣ ،ﻦﺸ ﯾ
ﻠﮔ ﻢ ﯽ و
ﻮﺳ يور ﻒﻠﺘﺨﻣ ار لﺎﻘﺗﺮﭘ ﯾﻪ
ﺎﻫ ي ﺮﺘﮐﺎﺑ ﯾﺎﯾ ﻟﯿﯽ ﺮﺘﺴ ﯾ ﺳﻮﻨﻣﺎ ﯿ ﺰﻧژﻮﺘ و
ﻓﺎﺘﺳا ﯿ سﻮﺋروا سﻮﮐﻮﮐﻮﻠ ﺮﻤﺨﻣ و
ﺪﻧﺎﮐ ﯾ ﺒﻟآ اﺪ ﯿ ﺳرﺮﺑ درﻮﻣ ﺲﻧﺎﮑ ﯽ
ﺪﻧداد راﺮﻗ .
ﺎﺘﻧ ﯾ نآ ﺶﻫوﮋﭘ زا ﻞﺻﺎﺣ ﺞ ا ﻪﮐ داد نﺎﺸﻧ ﺎﻫ
ﯾ ﻦ
ﺲﻧﺎﺳا ﺎﻫ ي ﺻﺎﺧ ياراد ﻪﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣ درﻮﻣ ﯿ
ﺪﺿ ﺖ ﺮﺘﮐﺎﺑ ﯾﺎﯾ ﯽ ﻮﻗ ي
ﺪﻨﺘﺴﻫ 18] .[ ﺎﻘﻣ ﯾ ﺶﻫوﮋﭘ ﻪﺴ ﺎﻫ
ي ﻪﺑﺎﺸﻣ ﺮﺿﺎﺣ ﻪﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣ ﺎﺑ ﻪﺘﺷﺬﮔ
دﻮﺑ . ﻧ ﺎﻣ ﺶﻫوﮋﭘ رد ﯿ
ﻣﺪﺿ ﺮﺛا لﺎﻘﺗﺮﭘ ﺖﺳﻮﭘ ﺲﻧﺎﺳا ﺰ ﯿ
ﺑوﺮﮑ ﯽ ﺮﺑ
ﻣﺎﻤﺗ ﯽ ﻮﺳ ﯾﻪ ﺎﻫ ي ﻣ ﯿ ﺑوﺮﮑ ﯽ ﻼﺘﺧا ﺪﻨﭼ ﺮﻫ ،ﺖﺷاد ف
ﺎﻫ ﯾ ﯽ ﻣ رد ﯿ ناﺰ
ﻟﺎﻌﻓ ﯿ ﻣﺪﺿ ﺖ ﯿ ﺑوﺮﮑ ﯽ ﺪﺷ هﺪﻫﺎﺸﻣ .
4 - ﺘﻧ ﯿ ﻪﺠ ﮔﯿ ﺮ ي
زا ﻞﺻﺎﺣ ﺞﯾﺎﺘﻧ ﺶﻫوﮋﭘ
ﺮﺿﺎﺣ نﺎﺸﻧ
،داد ﺖﺳﻮﭘ ﺲﻧﺎﺳا ﻪﮐ
اﺮﺷ رد لﺎﻘﺗﺮﭘ ﯾ
ﺎﻣزآ ﻂ ﯾ ﻫﺎﮕﺸ ﯽ ﻣﺪﺿ ﺮﺛا ﯿ ﺑوﺮﮑ ﯽ ﻬﺟﻮﺗ ﻞﺑﺎﻗ ﯽ
ﺮﺑ
ﻮﺳ ﯾﻪ ﺎﻫ ي ﺖﺷاد ﻪﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣ درﻮﻣ .
ﻪﺑ ﻠﮐ رﻮﻃ ﯽ ﻫﺎﻣ ﻪﺑ ﻪﺟﻮﺗ ﺎﺑ ﯿ
ﺖ
ﺒﻃ ﯿﻌ ﯽ ﻣ لﺎﻘﺗﺮﭘ ﺲﻧﺎﺳا ﯽ
ﻪﺑ نآ زا ناﻮﺗ ناﻮﻨﻋ
ﯾ ﮐﺮﺗ ﮏ ﯿ ﺐ
ﺮﺘﮐﺎﺑﺪﺿ ﯾﺎﯾ ﯽ ﺒﻃ ﯿﻌ ﯽ ﻠﻋ ﯿﻪ ﻣ ﯿ ﻧﺎﮔراوﺮﮑ ﯿ ﻢﺴ ﺎﻫ ي و ﺖﻧﻮﻔﻋ ﻞﻣﺎﻋ
ﻣﻮﻤﺴﻣ ﯿ اﺬﻏ ﺖ ﯾ ﯽ دﺮﮐ هدﺎﻔﺘﺳا .
ﺶﻫوﮋﭘ ﻪﻣادا رد ﺎﻫ
ﯾ ﯽ ﺎﺘﺳار رد ي
ا زا هدﺎﻔﺘﺳا ﯾ
اﺬﻏ داﻮﻣ رد ﺲﻧﺎﺳا ﻦ ﯾ
ﯽ ﭘ ﯿ ﻣ دﺎﻬﻨﺸ ﯽ ددﺮﮔ .
5 - ﻧادرﺪﻗوﺮﮑﺸﺗ ﯽ
ﺸﻫوﮋﭘ حﺮﻃ زا جﺮﺨﺘﺴﻣ ﺮﺿﺎﺣ ﻪﻟﺎﻘﻣ ﯽ
دﺮﺑرﺎﮐ ي ﺪﮐ ﺎﺒﻧﻼﮐ
485 / 411 / 1 ﻣ ﯽ ﻪﮐ ﺪﺷﺎﺑ ﺸﻫوﮋﭘ ﺖﻧوﺎﻌﻣ ﻂﺳﻮﺗ
ﯽ روﺎﻨﻓ و ي
زروﺎﺸﮐ مﻮﻠﻋ هﺎﮕﺸﻧاد ي
ﺒﻃ ﻊﺑﺎﻨﻣ و ﯿﻌ
ﯽ ﺎﻤﺣ نﺎﺘﺳزﻮﺧ ﯾ
دﺮﮔ ﺖ ﯾ هﺪ
ﻮﻧ اﺬﻟ ،ﺖﺳا ﯾ
ﻣ مزﻻ دﻮﺧ ﺮﺑ ﻪﻟﺎﻘﻣ نﺎﮔﺪﻨﺴ ﯽ
ﺎﻤﺣ زا ﺪﻨﻧاد ﯾ
ﺖ ﺎﻫ ي
دﺎﻣ ي ﻮﻨﻌﻣ و ي ﻤﺻ هﺪﻣآ ﻞﻤﻋ ﻪﺑ ﯿ
ﻧادرﺪﻗ و ﺮﮑﺸﺗ ﻪﻧﺎﻤ ﯽ
ﺎﻤﻧ ﯾ ﺪﻨ .
6 - ﻊﺑﺎﻨﻣ
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In vitro investigation of the antimicrobial activity of Dezfuli orange peel essential oil with and without common antibiotics on some
pathogenic bacteria
Noshad, M. 1*, Alizadeh Behbahani, B. 1, Jooyandeh, H. 2, Rahmati-Joneidabad, M. 3, Ebrahimi Hemmati Kaykha, M. 4, Ghodsi Sheikhjan, M. 5
1. Assistant Professor, Department of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Animal Science and Food Technology, Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources University of Khuzestan, Mollasani, Iran.
2. Associate Professor, Department of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Animal Science and Food Technology, Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources University of Khuzestan, Mollasani, Iran.
3. Assistant Professor, Department of Horticultural Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources University of Khuzestan, Mollasani, Iran.
4. MSc. student, Department of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Animal Science and Food Technology, Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources University of Khuzestan, Mollasani, Iran.
5. DVM, Department of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Animal Science and Food Technology, Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources University of Khuzestan, Mollasani, Iran.
ABSTRACT ARTIClE INFO
Article History:
Received 23 September 2020 Accepted 01 November 2020
Keywords:
Orange peel essential oil;
Antimicrobial activity;
Natural preservative;
Common antibiotics Given the rise in the infectious diseases caused by pathogens, identification of
medicinal plants and purification of their nutraceuticals can be useful in treating such diseases. In this experimental study, the antimicrobial activity of Dezfuli orange peel essential oil was examined on 3 Gram-negative strains (Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Salmonellatyphi) and 5 Gram- positive strains (Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus cereus, Bacillus subtilis, Staphylococcus epidermidis and Listeriainnocua) through agar disc diffusion, agar well diffusion, minimum inhibitory concentration (microdilution broth) and minimum bactericidal concentration. Furthermore, the interactions between the essential oil and chloramphenicol, gentamycin and tetracycline were investigated.
The results of disc diffusion showed that the longest and shortest diameters of the growth inhibition zone belonged to B. cereus (21.20 mm) and L. innocua (13.20 mm) respectively. In the agar diffusion test, S. aureus and E. coli respectively had the longest (17.30 mm) and shortest (11.10 mm) diameters of the inhibition zone.
The minimum inhibitory concentration was equal to 25, 400, 50, 12.5, 25, 25, 400 and 12.5 mg/ml for E. coli, P. aeruginosa, S. typhi, S. aureus, B. cereus, B.
subtilis, S. epidermidis and L. innocua respectively. The minimum bactericidal concentration of the essential oil was greater than 400 mg/ml for all the strains.
DOI: 10.52547/fsct.18.02.14
*Corresponding Author E-Mail:
Iranian Journal of Food Science and Technology
Homepage: www.fsct.modares.ir
Scientific Research
