ﺎﺸﻨﻣ ﯽﺑﺎﯾ ﻦﺑﺮﮐورﺪﯿﻫ يﺎﻫ
آ ﮏﯿﺗﺎﻔﯿﻟ و
ﻪﻘﻠﺣ ﺪﻨﭼ ﮏﯿﺗﺎﻣورآ رد يا
ﻞﺣاﻮﺳ
رﺰﺧ يﺎﯾرد ﯽﺑﺮﻏ بﻮﻨﺟ
يﺪﻨﮐ ﻢﺳﺎﻗ ﯽﻟﺬﺑ ﺎﯾور
*1
يرﺎﯿﺘﺨﺑ ﯽﺣﺎﯾر ﺎﺿﺮﯿﻠﻋ.
2
=1 ﻮﺠﺸﻧاد ،ﺖﺴﯾز ﻂﯿﺤﻣ هوﺮﮔ ،ﺖﺴﯾز ﻂﯿﺤﻣ ﯽﮔدﻮﻟآ ﺪﺷرا ﯽﯾﺎﯾرد مﻮﻠﻋ و ﯽﻌﯿﺒﻃ ﻊﺑﺎﻨﻣ هﺪﮑﺸﻧاد
، سرﺪﻣ ﺖﯿﺑﺮﺗ هﺎﮕﺸﻧاد
-2 دﺎﺘﺳا ﺖﺴﯾز ﻂﯿﺤﻣ هوﺮﮔ ،
سرﺪﻣ ﺖﯿﺑﺮﺗ هﺎﮕﺸﻧاد ،ﯽﯾﺎﯾرد مﻮﻠﻋ و ﯽﻌﯿﺒﻃ ﻊﺑﺎﻨﻣ هﺪﮑﺸﻧاد
هﺪﯿﮑﭼ
ا ﺶﯾاﺰﻓا ﻞﯿﻟد ﻪﺑ هزوﺮﻣ ﺖﯿﻟﺎﻌﻓ ﺶﯾاﺰﻓا نآ ﻊﺒﺗ ﻪﺑ و ﺖﯿﻌﻤﺟ
بﺎﺴﭘ ناﺰﯿﻣ ﯽﺘﻌﻨﺻ و يزروﺎﺸﮐ يﺎﻫ ﺎﻫ
ي ﯽﺘﻌﻨﺻ و يﺮﻬﺷ
ﺖﺳا ﻪﺘﻓﺎﯾ ﺶﯾاﺰﻓا ﺰﯿﻧ .
ا رد ﯾ ﻦ ﻣ ﯿ نﺎ ﻢﺘﺴﯿﺳﻮﮐا ﭘ ﻦﯾﺮﺧآ ناﻮﻨﻋ ﻪﺑ ﯽﺑآ يﺎﻫ ﺬ
هﺪﻨﯾﻻآ هﺪﻧﺮﯾ هﮋﯾو ﺖﯿﻤﻫا زا ﺎﻫ
رادرﻮﺧﺮﺑ يا
.ﺪﻨﺘﺴﻫ ﻻآ يﻻﺎﺑ ﻊﻤﺠﺗ ﯾ
هﺪﻨ ﺎﻫ رد بﻮﺳر و بآ ﯽﻣ
ﻪﺑ ﺮﺠﻨﻣ ﺪﻧاﻮﺗ تاﺮﯿﯿﻐﺗ
ﺷ يژﻮﻟﻮﮐا رد يﺪﺟ هﺪ
ﻮﭘ و رﺎﺘﺧﺎﺳ و ﯾﺎ
ﯽﯾ
ﺳﻮﮐا ﯿ ﻢﺘﺴ ﺛﺎﺗ ﺖﺤﺗ ار ﯿ
ﺮ راﺮﻗ ﺪﻫد .ا هﺪﻨﯾﻻآ ﻦﯾا ﻪﻠﻤﺟز ﺐﯿﮐﺮﺗ ﺎﻫ
يﺎﻫ رد ﻪﮐ ﺪﻨﺘﺴﻫ ﯽﻨﺑﺮﮐورﺪﯿﻫ ﻞﺣاﻮﺳ
و بﻮﺳر يﺎﻫ
ﯽﺤﻄﺳ ﻂﯿﺤﻣ ﯽﻣﺎﻤﺗ ﯽﻣ ﺖﻓﺎﯾ ﯽﯾﺎﯾرد يﺎﻫ
هﺪﻨﯾﻻآ ﻪﮐ ﯽﯾﺎﺠﻧآ زا .ﺪﻧﻮﺷ ﻦﺑﺮﮐورﺪﯿﻫ ﺮﯿﻈﻧ ﯽﻟآ يﺎﻫ
دﺎﺠﯾا نﺎﮑﻣا ،ﺎﻫ
ًﻻﻮﻤﻌﻣ ،ﺪﻨﺘﺴﻫ اراد ار بﻮﺳر تارذ ﺢﻄﺳ ﺎﺑ يﻮﻗ يﺎﻫﺪﻧﻮﯿﭘ رد
ﻞﺣاﻮﺳ ﺖﻈﻠﻏ ﺎﺑ ﯽﯾﺎﯾرد ﯽﻣ ﺖﻓﺎﯾ ﻻﺎﺑ يﺎﻫ
ﺪﻧﻮﺷ و ﺎﺸﻨﻣ
ﯽﻣ ﺎﻬﻧآ ﺐﯿﮐﺮﺗ ﻦﯾا زا .ﺪﺷﺎﺑ ﯽﻧﺎﺴﻧا ﺎﯾ ﯽﻌﯿﺒﻃ ﺪﻧاﻮﺗ ﺎﻫ
ﯽﻣ رد ﯽﻟآ داﻮﻣ ﻊﺑﺎﻨﻣ ﯽﯾﺎﺳﺎﻨﺷ ﺖﻬﺟ ﺪﯿﻔﻣ راﺰﺑا ﮏﯾ ناﻮﻨﻋ ﻪﺑ ناﻮﺗ
.دﻮﻤﻧ هدﺎﻔﺘﺳا بﻮﺳر ﻪﺑ رﺰﺧ يﺎﯾرد ﯽﺑﺮﻏ بﻮﻨﺟ ﺶﺨﺑ اﺬﻟ
ﺖﯿﻟﺎﻌﻓ و ﯽﺘﻌﻨﺻ و يرﺪﻨﺑ ﻖﻃﺎﻨﻣ دﻮﺟو ﻞﯿﻟد ﯽﻧاﺮﯿﺘﺸﮐ يﺎﻫ
زا هدراو ﯽﮔدﻮﻟآ ﺎﺑ تروﺎﺠﻣ رد ﯽﻓﺮﻃ زا و نآ رد فاﺮﻃا يﺎﻫرﻮﺸﮐ
ﯽﯾﻻﺎﺑ ﺖﯿﺳﺎﺴﺣ زا و هدﻮﺑ ﺮﺑ
ﺖﺳا رادرﻮﺧ ﻦﯾا زا فﺪﻫ .
ﺎﺸﻨﻣ ،ﻪﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣ ﯽﺑﺎﯾ
ﺎﻧﺮﻄﺧ ك هﺪﻨﯾﻻآ ﻦﯾﺮﺗ ﻦﺑﺮﮐورﺪﯿﻫ ﯽﻨﻌﯾ ﯽﺘﻔﻧ يﺎﻫ
ﻪﻘﻠﺣﺪﻨﭼ ﮏﯿﺗﺎﻣورآ يﺎﻫ آ و يا
ﮏﯿﺗﺎﻔﯿﻟ رد ﻞﺣاﻮﺳ
زا دﺎﻨﺘﺳا ﺎﺑ و يروﺮﻣ ترﻮﺻ ﻪﺑ رﺰﺧ يﺎﯾرد ﯽﺑﺮﻏ بﻮﻨﺟ ﻊﺑﺎﻨﻣ
ﻪﻧﺎﺨﺑﺎﺘﮐ ﺖﯾﺎﺳ ،يا ﻟﺎﻘﻣ و ﯽﺘﻧﺮﺘﻨﯾا ﯽﻤﻠﻋ ﺮﺒﺘﻌﻣ يﺎﻫ ﻪ
يﺎﻫ
ﺐﺴﮐ رﻮﻈﻨﻣ ﻪﺑ ،هﺪﺷ يروآدﺮﮔ ﯽﻤﻠﻋ ا
تﺎﻋﻼﻃ ﻪﯾﺎﭘ يا ذﺎﺨﺗا ياﺮﺑ ﺳا ﺢﯿﺤﺻ ﺖﯾﺮﯾﺪﻣ
.ﺖ زا ﯽﮐﺎﺣ تﺎﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣ ﻦﯾا ﺮﺜﮐا
لﺎﺳ ﯽﻃ ﻊﺑﺎﻨﻣ ندﻮﺑ ﮏﯿﻧژوﺮﺘﭘ .ﺖﺳا ﺖﯿﻌﻤﺟ دﺎﯾدزا و ﺖﻌﻨﺻ شﺮﺘﺴﮔ ﺎﺑ ﺮﯿﺧا يﺎﻫ
:يﺪﯿﻠﮐ نﺎﮔژاو ،ﯽﺑﺎﯾﺎﺸﻨﻣ
ﮏﯿﺗﺎﻣورآ
، ﺰﺧ ﻞﺣاﻮﺳ ر
ﮏﯿﻧژوﺮﺘﭘ ،
- 1 ﻪﻣﺪﻘﻣ
رﺰﺧ يﺎﯾرد ﺖﻓﺎﯾرد
هﺪﻨﻨﮐ ﯽﮔدﻮﻟآ زا ﺖﻔﻧ ﺖﺷادﺮﺑ شﺮﺘﺴﮔ ﺎﺑ صﻮﺼﺨﺑ ،ﺖﺳا نآ فاﺮﻃا رﻮﺸﮐ ﺞﻨﭘ زا يدﺎﯾز رﺎﯿﺴﺑ يﺎﻫ
ﯽﺑآ ﻪﻨﻬﭘ ﻦﯾا ﮑﺸﻣ
ﻞ يﺎﻫ نآ .ﺖﺳا ﺶﯾاﺰﻓا لﺎﺣ رد زور ﻪﺑ زور هﺪﻨﮐ
هدﺎﺟ ﺢﻄﺳ زا ﺖﻟﺎﻔﺳآ نﺪﺷ هاﺮﮔرﺰﺑ و ﺎﻫ
لﺎﻏذ ندﺎﻌﻣ ،ﺎﻫ
زا ﻦﻏور و ﺖﻔﻧ شﺰﯾر ،ﮓﻨﺳ يرﻮﺗﻮﻣ ﻪﯿﻠﻘﻧ ﻞﯾﺎﺳو
رد ﻞﯿﺋوزﺎﮔ و ﻦﯾﺰﻨﺑ ﺖﺧﻮﺳ ، يرﻮﺗﻮﻣ ﻪﯿﻠﻘﻧ ﻞﯾﺎﺳو
، ﺪﻣآ و ﺖﻓر ﯽﺘﺸﮐ
و ﺎﻫ
ﻖﯾﺎﻗ شﺰﯾر ﻊﺑﺎﻨﻣ ﻦﯾﺮﺘﻤﻬﻣ زا يﺮﻓﺎﺴﻣ و يدﺎﯿﺻ ،يرﺎﺠﺗ يرﻮﺗﻮﻣ يﺎﻫ ﺮﻬﺷ رد ﯽﺘﻔﻧ يﺎﻫ
رﺰﺧ يﺎﯾرد بﻮﻨﺟ هزﻮﺣ ﯽﻠﺣﺎﺳ يﺎﻫ
ﻪﺑ .ﺖﺳا نﺎﯾﺮﺟ و ﺐﯿﺷ ﻞﯿﻟد بﻮﺳر ،ﯽﺑآ يﺎﻫ
يﺎﻫ ﻪﻧاد د ﯽﻟآ داﻮﻣ يﻻﺎﺑ ناﺰﯿﻣ ﻦﯿﻨﭽﻤﻫ و ﺰﯾر بﻮﺳر ر
ﺎﻫ ﯽﮔدﻮﻟآ ﻦﯾﺮﺘﺸﯿﺑ ،
بآ ﯽﺑﻮﻨﺟ ﻞﺣاﻮﺳ ﻪﺟﻮﺘﻣ .ﺖﺳا رﺰﺧ يﺎﯾرد يﺎﻫ
رد ﺖﻔﻧ ﺖﺸﻧ زا ﯽﺷﺎﻧ ﯽﮔدﻮﻟآ ضﺮﻌﻣ رد يرﺪﻨﺑ ﻖﻃﺎﻨﻣ رد هﮋﯾو ﻪﺑ ﻞﺣاﻮﺳ
ﻪﻧﺎﯾﺎﭘ هدﻮﺑ ﯽﺘﻔﻧ ﺪﺋاز داﻮﻣ زﺎﺠﻣ ﺮﯿﻏ ﻪﯿﻠﺨﺗ ﺰﯿﻧ و ﯽﺘﻔﻧ يﺎﻫ ) ﺪﻧا
Korotenko ،نارﺎﮑﻤﻫ و
.(2004 ﺐﯿﮐﺮﺗ يﺎﻫ رد ﯽﻨﺑﺮﮐورﺪﯿﻫ
بﻮﺳر يﺎﻫ ﯽﺤﻄﺳ ﻂﯿﺤﻣ ﯽﻣﺎﻤﺗ ﯽﻣ ﺖﻓﺎﯾ ﯽﯾﺎﯾرد يﺎﻫ
آ زا .ﺪﻧﻮﺷ ﻧ ﯽﯾﺎﺠ هﺪﻨﯾﻻآ ﻪﮐ ﺢﻄﺳ ﺎﺑ يﻮﻗ يﺎﻫﺪﻧﻮﯿﭘ دﺎﺠﯾا نﺎﮑﻣا ،ﯽﻟآ يﺎﻫ
بﻮﺳر رد ًﻻﻮﻤﻌﻣ ،ﺪﻨﺘﺴﻫ اراد ار بﻮﺳر تارذ يﺎﻫ
ﻂﯿﺤﻣ ﻞﺣﺎـﺳ ﺖﻈﻠﻏ ﺎﺑ ﯽﯾﺎﯾرد يﺎﻫ
ﯽﻣ ﺖﻓﺎﯾ ﻻﺎﺑ يﺎﻫ ﺪﻧﻮﺷ
. ﺮﺿﺎﺣ ﻪﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣ رد
ﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣ ﺮﺑ يروﺮﻣ ﺎﺑ ﻪ
يﺎﻫ ﻨﯿﻣز ﻦﯾا رد هﺪﺷ مﺎﺠﻧا ﯽﺳرﺮﺑ ﻪﺑ ﻪ
تﺎﻋﻼﻃا ﯽﻣ ﻪﺘﺧادﺮﭘ ﻪﻨﯿﻬﺑ ﺖﯾﺮﯾﺪﻣ ياﺮﺑ ﻪﯾﺎﭘ ﯽﺳرﺮﺑ ﻦﯾا .ﺪﻧﻮﺷ
ﺐﯿﮐﺮﺗ ﺎﺸﻨﻣ ﻦﯿﯿﻌﺗ ﻞﻣﺎﺷ يﺎﻫ
نﺎﮑﻟآ وPAH ﺐﯿﮐﺮﺗ درﻮﻣ رد هﺪﻤﻋ ﯽﻧاﺮﮕﻧ .ﺖﺳا لﺎﻣﺮﻧ يﺎﻫ يﺎﻫ
يﻻﺎﺑ يراﺪﯾﺎﭘ ﺖﻠﻋ ﻪﺑPAH
ﺐﯿﮐﺮﺗ ﻦﯾا زا يرﺎﯿﺴﺑ ﺎﻫ
ﻂﯿﺤﻣ رد ﺖﺳا ﺖﺴﯾز ﺖﻠﻋ ﻪﺑ .
ﯽﮔﮋﯾو يﺎﻫ هﺪﻨﯾﻻآ ﻦﯾا ﻪﮐ يراﺪﯾﺎﭘ و يﺰﯾﺮﮕﺑآ بﻮﺳر رد ﺪﻧراد ﺎﻫ
يﺎﻫ
ﻂﯿﺤﻣ ﯽﻠﺣﺎﺳ تادﻮﺟﻮﻣ ،هﺪﺷ ﻪﺘﺷﺎﺒﻧا ﯽﯾﺎﯾرد يﺎﻫ
ﻢﯿﻘﺘﺴﻣ رﻮﻄﺑ ار و
ﺮﯿﻏ ﯽﻣ راﺮﻗ دﻮﺧ ضﺮﻌﻣ رد ﻢﯿﻘﺘﺴﻣ ﺪﻨﻫد
Boonyatumanond) ،نارﺎﮑﻤﻫ و
.(2006
ﺐﯿﮐﺮﺗ يﺎﻫ ﮏﯿﻧژﻮﯾﺎﺑ) ﯽﻌﯿﺒﻃ :ﺎﺸﻨﻣ ود يارادPAH
ﮏﯿﻧژﺎﯾاد و1
) ﯽﻧﺎﺴﻧا و (2
ﮏﯿﻧژوﺮﺘﭘ ﮏﯿﻧژوﺮﯾﺎﭘ و3
ﺪﻨﺘﺴﻫ (4
) Douben ،
ﺐﯿﮐﺮﺗ .(2003 يﺎﻫ ﺖﯿﻟﺎﻌﻓ زا ﯽﺷﺎﻧ PAH
ﻪﺑ ﺮﺸﺑ يﺎﻫ ﯽﮔدﻮﻟآ زا ﯽﺷﺎﻧ) ﮏﯿﻧژوﺮﺘﭘ هوﺮﮔ ود
:ﯽﺘﻔﻧ يﺎﻫ Petrogenic
و (
:ﺺﻗﺎﻧ قاﺮﺘﺣا زا ﯽﺷﺎﻧ) ﮏﯿﻧژوﺮﯾﺎﭘ Pyrogenic
ﻢﯿﺴﻘﺗ ( ﯽﻣ يﺪﻨﺑ ) ﺪﻧدﺮﮔ Zakaria ،
.(2002 ﻦﺑﺮﮐورﺪﯿﻫ و ﮏﯿﺗﺎﻔﯿﻟآ يﺎﻫ
ﻪﻘﻠﺣ ﺪﻨﭼ ﮏﯿﺗﺎﻣورآ ﯽﻣ يا
ﯽﮔدﻮﻟآ زا ﯽﺻﺎﺧ ﻊﺑﺎﻨﻣ ﯽﺑﺎﯾدر و ﯽﯾﺎﺳﺎﻨﺷ ياﺮﺑ ﯽﺑﻮﺧ ﻪﺑ ﺪﻨﻧاﻮﺗ لﺎﺜﻣ ناﻮﻨﻋ ﻪﺑ) ﯽﻧﺎﺴﻧا يﺎﻫ
ا قاﺮﺘﺣ
يدورو و (ﯽﻠﯿﺴﻓ ﺖﺧﻮﺳ ﻂﯿﺤﻣ ﻪﺑ (ﺖﻔﻧ ﺖﺸﻧ ﺪﻨﻧﺎﻣ) ﯽﻌﯿﺒﻃ يﺎﻫ
) ﺪﻧﻮﺷ هدﺎﻔﺘﺳا ﯽﯾﺎﯾرد يﺎﻫ Harvery
نارﺎﮑﻤﻫ و
، .(2014
-2 :ﻖﯿﻘﺤﺗ ﻪﻨﯿﺸﯿﭘ
Tolosa) ،نارﺎﮑﻤﻫ و
( 2004 ﻦﺑﺮﮐورﺪﯿﻫ ﺎﺸﻨﻣ و ﯽﻧﺎﮑﻣ ﻊﯾزﻮﺗ ياﺮﺑ ار هدﺮﺘﺴﮔ ﻪﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣ ﻦﯿﻟوا ﮏﯿﺗﺎﻣورآ و ﮏﯿﺗﺎﻔﯿﻟآ يﺎﻫ
بﻮﺳر يﺎﻫ .ﺪﻧداد مﺎﺠﻧا رﺰﺧ يﺎﯾرد ﯽﻠﺣﺎﺳ ﺖﻈﻠﻏ
ﺐﯿﮐﺮﺗ يﺎﻫ نﺎﮑﻟآ وPAH
بﻮﺳر رد لﺎﻣﺮﻧ يﺎﻫ يﺎﻫ
ﻢﮐ ﺶﺨﺑ ﺖﻤﺴﻗ ﻖﻤﻋ
بﻮﺳر هزاﺪﻧا ﺎﺑ ،رﺰﺧ يﺎﯾرد ﯽﻟﺎﻤﺷ يﺎﻫ
ﻪﻧاد داﻮﻣ و ﺖﺷرد ،رﺰﺧ يﺎﯾرد ﯽﺑﻮﻨﺟ ﺖﻤﺴﻗ رد ،ﻞﺑﺎﻘﻣ رد ﯽﻟو دﻮﺑ دوﺪﺤﻣ ،كﺪﻧا ﯽﻟآ
ناﺪﯿﻣ رد ﺎﺻﻮﺼﺧ ﺖﺳا هﺪﺷ شراﺰﮔ ﮏﯿﻧژوﺮﺘﭘ ﺐﻟﺎﻏ ﺎﺸﻨﻣ ﺎﺑ ﯽﮔدﻮﻟآ دﺎﯾز ﺎﺗ ﻂﺳﻮﺘﻣ ﺖﻈﻠﻏ نﺎﺠﯾﺎﺑرذآ ،ﻮﮐﺎﺑ ﮏﯾدﺰﻧ ﯽﺘﻔﻧ يﺎﻫ
.
بﻼﺿﺎﻓ دورو
،ﯽﺘﻌﻨﺻ و يﺮﻬﺷ ،يزروﺎﺸﮐ يﺎﻫ هداد ﺶﯾاﺰﻓا ار رﺰﺧ يﺎﯾرد ﯽﮔدﻮﻟآ رﺎﺑ
ﺖﺳا . ﺖﻬﺟ رﺮﺑ هﺪﻨﯾﻻآ ﯽﺳ ﯽﻟآ يﺎﻫ
ﺪﯿﻟﻮﺗ ﯽﻠﺻا ﻊﺒﻨﻣ ﯽﯾﺎﺳﺎﻨﺷ ﺪﻨﯾﻻآ ﻦﯾا هﺪﻨﻨﮐ
ه .ﺖﺳا يروﺮﺿ ﺎﻫ هﺪﻨﯾﻻآ
ﻂﯿﺤﻣ ﻪﺑ دورو زا ﺪﻌﺑ ﯽﻟآ يﺎﻫ ﯽﺗوﺎﻔﺘﻣ ﺖﺷﻮﻧﺮﺳ ﯽﺑآ يﺎﻫ
ﺐﯿﮐﺮﺗ ﻦﯾا ،ﺪﻧراد ﺎﻫ
ﯽﯾﺎﯿﻤﯿﺷ ،ﯽﮑﯾﺰﯿﻓ تاﺮﯿﯿﻐﺗ ﻦﺘﺷاﺬﮔ ﺮﺳ ﺖﺸﭘ زا ﺪﻌﺑ يﺰﯾﺮﮕﺑآ ﺖﯿﺻﺎﺧ ﻞﯿﻟد ﻪﺑ ﺖﯾﺎﻬﻧ رد ﯽﮑﯾژﻮﻟﻮﯿﺑ و
ﻂﯿﺤﻣ بﺬﺟ ر يﺎﻫ
ﯽﻣ ﯽﺑﻮﺳ ) ﺪﻧدﺮﮔ Tolosa ،نارﺎﮑﻤﻫ و
.(2004 ﻂﺳﻮﺗ هﺪﺷ مﺎﺠﻧا ﻪﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣ )
نارﺎﮑﻤﻫ و نﺎﺸﻧﺮﯿﺷ ،
(1395
و ﺎﺸﻨﻣ ﻦﯿﯿﻌﺗ يور ﯿﻤﺳ
ﺖ ﻦﺑﺮﮐورﺪﯿﻫ بﻮﺳر رد ﺎﻫ
يﺎﻫ ﻢﯿﻧ ود رد رﺰﺧ يﺎﯾرد ﯽﺑﺮﻏ بﻮﻨﺟ ﻞﺣاﻮﺳ ﯽﺤﻄﺳ و ﻦﯿﭼﺎﮕﻨﺳ ﻂﺧ
ﻦﺑﺮﮐورﺪﯿﻫ ياﺮﺑ ار ﮏﯿﻧژوﺮﺘﭘ ﺐﻟﺎﻏ ﺎﺸﻨﻣ دﻮﺟو ،ﺮﭙﺘﺸﻫ ﺖﺑﺎﺛ ﻪﻘﻄﻨﻣ رد ﺎﻫ
دﺮﮐ ﺖﺳا ه .
1Biogenic
2Diagenic
3Petrogenetic
4Pyrogenic
ﺐﯿﮐﺮﺗ يدورو يﺎﻫﺮﯿﺴﻣ ﺖﺧﺎﻨﺷ و ﯽﺑﺎﯾﺎﺸﻨﻣ ﺖﯿﻤﻫا ﻪﺑ ﻪﺟﻮﺗﺎﺑ يﺎﻫ
نﺎﮑﻟآ وPAH يﺎﯾرد ﯽﺑﺮﻏ بﻮﻨﺟ ﻞﺣاﻮﺳ ﻪﺑ لﺎﻣﺮﻧ يﺎﻫ
ﺐﯿﮐﺮﺗ ﺎﺸﻨﻣ ﻦﯿﯿﻌﺗ روﺮﻣ ﻪﺑ هﺪﺷ مﺎﺠﻧا نﻮﻨﮐﺎﺗ ﻪﮐ ﯽﺗﺎﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣ ﺮﺑ يروﺮﻣ ﺖﻬﺟ ﺮﺿﺎﺣ ﻖﯿﻘﺤﺗ ،رﺰﺧ يﺎﻫ
وPAH آ نﺎﮑﻟ لﺎﻣﺮﻧ يﺎﻫ
ﯽﻣ نﻼﯿﮔ نﺎﺘﺳا ﻞﺣاﻮﺳ رد .دزادﺮﭘ
- 3 :ﻖﯿﻘﺤﺗ شور و داﻮﻣ
ﻪﻧﻮﻤﻧ يرادﺮﺑ ﻞﮑﺷ رد ﻪﮐ رﻮﻄﻧﺎﻤﻫ نﻼﯿﮔ نﺎﺘﺳا رد ﻊﻗاو رﺰﺧ يﺎﯾرد ﯽﺑﺮﻏ بﻮﻨﺟ ﻞﺣاﻮﺳ زا ،ﺖﺳا هﺪﺷ ﺺﺨﺸﻣ 1
.ﺖﻓﺮﯾﺬﭘ ترﻮﺻ
) ﻞﮑﺷ ﻪﻧﻮﻤﻧ :(1 يرادﺮﺑ ﻞﺣاﻮﺳ تﺎﺑﻮﺳر زا رﺰﺧ يﺎﯾرد ﯽﺑﺮﻏ بﻮﻨﺟ
ﻪﻧﻮﻤﻧ هﺎﮕﺘﺳد رد يﺎﻫ يدﺎﻤﺠﻧا ﻦﮐ ﮏﺸﺧ
تﺪﻣ ﻪﺑ1
ﮏﻟا زا و ﻦﮕﻤﻫ ﺲﭙﺳ هﺪﺷ ﮏﺸﺧ ﺖﻋﺎﺳ72 هداد رﻮﺒﻋ نوﺮﮑﯿﻣ 63
ﯽﻣ دوﺪﺣ و دﻮﺷ ياﺮﺑ ﻪﻧﻮﻤﻧ ﮏﺸﺧ نزو مﺮﮔ5
ﻞﯿﻠﺤﺗ و ﻪﯾﺰﺠﺗ ﯽﻣ هدﺎﻔﺘﺳا
ﺖﻬﺟ .دﻮﺷ يزﺎﺳاﺪﺟ
ﻪﻧﻮﻤﻧ ﯽﻟآ داﻮﻣ هﺎﮕﺘﺳد زا ،ﺎﻫ
ﻪﻠﺴﮐﻮﺳ يد لﻼﺣ و نﺎﺘﻣوﺮﻠﮐ
ﯽﻣ هدﺎﻔﺘﺳا ﻦﺑﺮﮐورﺪﯿﻫ يزﺎﺳاﺪﺟ ياﺮﺑ .دﻮﺷ
ﻮﺗﺎﻣوﺮﮐ ﻪﻠﺣﺮﻣ ود ﺎﻫ رد و هﺪﺷ مﺎﺠﻧا ﯽﻧﻮﺘﺳ ﯽﻓاﺮﮔ
يزﺎﮔ ﯽﻓاﺮﮔﻮﺗﺎﻣوﺮﮐ هﺎﮕﺘﺳد ﻪﺑ ﺖﯾﺎﻬﻧ -
) ﯽﻣﺮﺟ ﯽﺠﻨﺳ ﻒﯿﻃ (GC-MS
ﯽﻣ ﻖﯾرﺰﺗ2
.ﺪﻧﻮﺷ
1 Freeze dryer
2 Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry
- 4 ﻪﺠﯿﺘﻧ ﮔ ﯿ يﺮ
يﺮﯿﮕﺸﯿﭘ زا
ﯽﮔدﻮﻟآ ﺎﯾرد ياﺮﺑ هدﺎﻔﺘﺳا راﺪﯾﺎﭘ زا ﻊﺑﺎﻨﻣ رﺎﯿﺴﺑ ﻢﻬﻣ ﺖﺳا نﺎﮑﻟآ. ﻦﺑﺮﮐورﺪﯿﻫ ﯽﻠﺻا ياﺰﺟا زا ﯽﮑﯾ لﺎﻣﺮﻧ يﺎﻫ -
زا و ﺪﻨﺘﺴﻫ ﮏﯿﺗﺎﻔﻟآ يﺎﻫ ﺐﯿﮐﺮﺗ ﻪﻠﻤﺟ
يﺎﻫ دﺮﻓ ﻪﺑ ﺮﺼﺤﻨﻣ بﻮﺳر رد راﺪﯾﺎﭘ ﺎﺘﺒﺴﻧ
يﺎﻫ ﯽﻣ بﻮﺴﺤﻣ ﯽﯾﺎﯾرد ﻦﯿﯿﻌﺗ رد ﻪﮐ ﺪﻧﻮﺷ
ﺪﻧراد ﯽﻤﻬﻣ ﺶﻘﻧ ﺎﺸﻨﻣ ﺐﯿﮐﺮﺗ .
يﺎﻫ ﻂﯿﺤﻣ رد ﺎﻬﻧآ يﻻﺎﺑ ﯽﮔدﺮﺘﺴﮔ ﻞﯿﻟد ﻪﺑ PAH
تﺎﻋﻼﻃا ﯽﯾﺎﯾرد يﺎﻫ يﺮﺘﻠﻣﺎﮐ
زا
ﻦﺑﺮﮐورﺪﯿﻫ رﺎﯿﺘﺧا رد ار ﺎﻫ
ﺎﻣ ﯽﻣ راﺮﻗ ﺪﻨﻫد . ﺞﯾﺎﺘﻧ ﺮﺿﺎﺣ يدرﻮﻣ ﻪﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣ داد نﺎﺸﻧ
ﻪﮐ ﯽﺘﺴﯾز يﺎـﻫﺮﮕﻧﺎـﺸﻧ مأﻮـﺗ دﺮﺑرﺎﮐ تروﺮﺿ
ﯽﻟﻮﮑﻟﻮﻣ ﯽﺘﺳﺎﮐ ياﺮﺑ ﺮﺘﻠﻣﺎـﮐ ﺞﯾﺎﺘﻧ ﻪﺑ نﺪﯿﺳر رد ار ﺎﻣ و هداد ﺶﺷﻮﭘ ار ﺎﻬﻧآ ياﺰﺠﻣ دﺮﺑرﺎﮐ يﺎﻫ ذﺎﺨﺗا
ﺮﺛﺆﻣ ﯽﺘﯾﺮﯾﺪﻣ يﺎﻫرﺎﮑﻫار
ﯽﻣ دﻮﻤﻨﻫر دزﺎﺳ
ﺮﺑﺎﻨﺑ. ا ياﺮﺑ يﺪﺟ ﺮﻄﺧ و ﺖﺳا يروﺮﺿ ﺎﯾرد ﻪﺑ هﺪﺷ دراو ﯽﮔدﻮﻟآ ﺮﺑ ﺮﻤﺘﺴﻣ ترﺎﻈﻧ ﻦﯾ بﻮﺴﺤﻣ ﯽﻣﻮﻤﻋ ﺖﻣﻼﺳ
ﯽﻣ ﺘﯾﻮﻗ ﺖﯾﺮﯾﺪﻣ و ترﺎﻈﻧ ﺪﻨﻣزﺎﯿﻧ و دﻮﺷ ﺮ
ﯿﻟﺎﻌﻓ ﺮﺑ ﺖ يﺎﻫ هدﻮﻟآ ﻊﯾﺎﻨﺻ بﻼﺿﺎﻓ ﻪﯿﻠﺨﺗ و هﺪﻨﻨﮐ
ﺎﻫ .ﺖﺳا يﺮﯿﮕﺸﯿﭘ زا
ﯽﮔدﻮﻟآ ﺎﯾرد
ياﺮﺑ هدﺎﻔﺘﺳا راﺪﯾﺎﭘ زا ﻊﺑﺎﻨﻣ رﺎﯿﺴﺑ ﻢﻬﻣ ﺖﺳا .
هدﺎﻔﺘﺳا درﻮﻣ ﻊﺑﺎﻨﻣ
.1 .م ،ﯽﻧﺎﯾرﺎﻤﻌﻣ و ،.ع ،يرﺎﯿﺘﺨﺑ ﯽﺣﺎﯾر ،.گ ،نﺎﺸﻧﺮﯿﺷ . 1395
تﺎﺒﯿﮐﺮﺗ نﺎﻣﺰﻤﻫ دﺮﺑرﺎﮐ نﺎﮑﻟآوPAH
ﺖﯿﻤﺳ و ﺎﺸﻨﻣ ﻦﯿﯿﻌﺗ رد لﺎﻣﺮﻧ يﺎﻫ
ﻦﺑﺮﮐورﺪﯿﻫ ﯽﻤﻠﻋ ﻪﻣﺎﻨﻫﺎﻣ ود ،رﺰﺧ يﺎﯾرد ﯽﺑﺮﻏ بﻮﻨﺟ ﻞﺣاﻮﺳ ﯽﺤﻄﺳ تﺎﺑﻮﺳر رد ﺎﻫ
- ﻢﺘﺸﻫ و ﺖﺴﯿﺑ هرود بﻼﺿﺎﻓ و بآ ﯽﺸﻫوﮋﭘ )
،(3
:109 -74 . 86
2. Boonyatumanond, R., Wattayakorn, G., Togo, A., & Takada, H., 2006. Distribution and origins of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in riverine, estuarine, and marine sediments in Thailand. Marine Pollution Bulletin, 52(8): 942-956.
3. Douben, P.E. (Ed.)., 2003. PAHs: an ecotoxicological perspective. Ecological and Environment Toxicology Series, John Wiley & Sons, pp. 30-32.
4. Harvey, H. R., Taylor, K. A., Pie, H. V., & Mitchelmore, C. L., 2014. Polycyclic aromatic and aliphatic hydrocarbons in Chukchi Sea biota and sediments and their toxicological response in the Arctic cod, Boreogadus saida. Deep Sea Research Part II: Topical Studies in Oceanography, 102: 32-55.
5. Korotenko, K. A., Mamedov, R. M., Kontar, A. E., & Korotenko, L. A., 2004. Particle tracking method in the approach for prediction of oil slick transport in the sea: modelling oil pollution resulting from river input. Journal of Marine Systems, 48(1):159-170
6. Tolosa, I., de Mora, S., Sheikholeslami, M. R., Villeneuve, J. P., Bartocci, J., & Cattini, C., 2004. Aliphatic and aromatic hydrocarbons in coastal Caspian Sea sediments. Marine Pollution Bulletin, 48(1): 44-60
7. Zakaria, M. P., Takada, H., Tsutsumi, S., Ohno, K., Yamada, J., Kouno, E., & Kumata, H., 2002. Distribution of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in rivers and estuaries in Malaysia, a widespread input of petrogenic PAHs, Environmental Science & Technology, 36(9): 1907-1918.
Characterization of polycyclic aromatic and aliphatic hydrocarbons in the southwestern coast of the Caspian Sea
Abstract:
Today, due to the increasing population and consequently the increase of agricultural and industrial activities, the amount of industrial and municipal waste has also increased. In the
meantime, aquatic ecosystems are very important as the final pollutant receptor. The high accumulation of pollutants in water and sediment could lead to major ecological changes and affect the structure and dynamics of the ecosystem. Among these pollutants are hydrocarbon compounds found on the coasts and surface sediments of all marine environments. Since organic pollutants, such as hydrocarbons, have the potential to form strong bonds with the surface of sediment particles, they are usually found on high seas, with natural or human origin. These compounds can be used as a useful tool for the identification of organic matter sources in the sediment. Therefore, the southwestern part of the Caspian Sea is sensitive due to the presence of port and industrial zones and shipping activities in it and also in the vicinity of contamination from the surrounding countries. The purpose of this study was to review the most hazardous pollutants in the world, namely multi-rheological and aliphatic_aromatic hydrocarbons in the southwest coast of the Caspian Sea, based on bibliographic sources, authoritative internet sites and articles. Collected scientific materials are for the purpose of obtaining basic information for the correct management. Most of these studies show the petrogenetic resources in recent years due to the expansion of industry and population growth.
Keywords: source identification, Aromatic, Caspian coast, Petrogenetic
