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.

4 .

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< C ;D <=K( 9 @A , C(2 * S+ ,w F

. 2( <JA `J$ B 9 $ J$> ( $\]

)(E]( 9 ( $ , 9( - G > )EM G V 7(,J6 < [ YE+&,3 9 6 ? & 9 @+ ( <:](&

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Report to the Secretary Genenral, www .un .org /News

/dh/sudan/com_inq_darfur.pdf

.(

.5$;|>[

l,K EJ$ & &( 7 J[ M ( $ : & ,$X h tF( 2( <A 2( C AF p, q3

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=$- 6 J6 <XE$J- ( YEJ1M J <0 &

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(EM 7(,D( 7(,6 < $ N G > )EM ,6 G>N E+(

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-( YEF 0 +( o T 5$>[ (EM

) www.sudantribune.com/spip.php?article1039

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GJ>M J6 < (EJ]( )2V 7 J[ 72 - l 8F 7 0-( 6^ & 7 ( Y&OM 6

& J$+ GJ>M J6 ( )2V 7 J[ 7 JA>[ 9( 9 0- ( 6 & & $+

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(9)

& <JW;D C J ;D C(2 J* & J$ : 7(,6 )2V 5$+( ] 9 ,A+ ?[(, 9( - ( $\]

EF < = < $ N <XE$- 7(,6 & ) >0[( )EM 7(,6 < ;@ ,H6 $=M ;D

) Report on

Darfur, supra note, para. 586 (

.

& l J:0 <J- ( 9 J ,D G$1 J 7(,J6 ( )2V )(EJ]( J & J < K 5$;|>[

J1D 9 J$+ 6,] 7(,J6 ( < OAHJ & & $+ ?[(, < \] C + A ( 6 9 $+ 6,] <-,0- E[ (,] , ( C @w(

r + H+

< = < (^D (EM 7(,D( 6 ) >0[( )EM 2( 7(

<

F . p (^JX

<AJF^3 J6 _J;M J6 z J+ LJ0[ 9 $+ 6,] <-,0- )EM . ( `$ B 9 $ $>

<AF^3 <[( X %( ( 6 )(^ ( N 5$M & <+ + ]

=$- 6 Y^6 + H+ 9( ;M 6 9 XE )EM 2( 7(

EJF 0P ;F & G >

) Ibid, para. 587

.(

,HJ6 b J N $:JT& p (^JX ,J ( 5$J>[

J6 0 ,X (,] (, ( ^$+ < A , Z ,H6 b N 9 $ $> 7 - 2( ^$+ & ( (

) Report on

Ecuador,: http://www.wcl.american.edu/humright/digest/database3.cfm (

.

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7 J- 2( AJF },a { 0B 9 >10 $ : .<==> (

Y^6 + < & $+ 9 XE Y^6 c

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& -( 5A> ?1

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$+

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( ,J$X 7 J[ l,Ja 2( <JA J 7 JB+ 6

E$ ( Y&,X L ,A=>M & E[ (,] Qt Y ( >[

+ H+ ^$+ E;

JA ( 2( 7(

l(,JB+( 9

< < = <- ( ) *+( 6 < $ N G > 2(

F . 2( <JA (EJ+(& 7 (vJ+ ˆ$J:@ S 0$>

< \] E; (, C <+ + ] ,$e =P(E ( <:](& <XE$- 6 & G > )EM 7 [ + H+

)OM(

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www.unhchr.ch/tbs/doc.nsf/.../CERD.C.304.Add.97.En?

( .

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(Jo Stigen, 2008: 271)

.

(10)

(EJM 7(,JD( JD + ,$P J 6 P <XE$- <W0t ?[ & <a @\+( <6

<

E *+(

r

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h tJF( 2(

( C ;D A , <=K(

- . z( &E;[ $=M 2,W & YE+&,3 ,H6 b N < A , Z Y X (

E;6 177 Y F( 0A+ 5$>[ 6 ,

(Ibid: 275) -( Y .

& 7 &,JT < $ B C (E]( ) *+( )EM

< G V 6 - + ;0-( & 7 &Z S>D E+ -,6 $-Z 9( o T C @w( E; Z, 6 E+(

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> )EM 2(,N( 7E$= 7(

<J- ( ) J*+( J6 9( - & G

-( 0 ,X (,] ;0-(

) Report on Darfur, para. 587

.(

& ( < >[ A , 6 <0@- ; 6 <=B 9( A0 ;D > B 7(,6 Y X ( G$AH J; ,] EJ[ (,J] HJ JB ( Y X ( 6 E[( P ?10 9 $ N & 9( ( ( [ 2( =>

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. J+ >+

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) www.elsam.or.id/txt/english/publications/progrep4_eng2.htm (

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+ <6 A ( C ;D 7^+&E+( < MOa(

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(www.amnesty.org/en/alfresco_asset/59d187b8-a438-11dc-bac9-0158df32ab50 /asa 211212002 en.html. ).

/ : 01 2 & 3

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1.

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1 - Justice delayed is justice denied

(11)

<

(^6( 2( <A E+(

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< J@w( ( -( 5A> 1D 5 ( 2( & &Z < (& (EM 7(,D( 6 D G6 ] q:0 9Z 6 <-,0- & G (2 ),D F

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<6 7(,6 ( < @D .E;[ -

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7(,J6 <JF& EJ+(

E Z >F 6 (EM 7(,D( 2( o ;0 ( .

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F ( 9EF <+V a U J &^ <J-

<J>+ <J = (EM 9E$H l(,B+( 6 & pO 7 ;: 6 r JF

J-( 5JA> J (,Jx

EJ; Z, YE Z c$3 p, q3 G6 ] S+( 5$;|>[ & <- ( j BK( E: & o T <XE$|$3

;D o ]& GB Y ,0 X C F H0e( .7 >$6 o $F . 1F 7 A>[ )EM 9 |>[ <- ( ,D( .9Z E;+ &

2 + 5A> < & - ; <0K, s$ t 6 ,W ( (EM 7(

.

<F + ,$P

( J+V M <J- ( 5 2( J 6 c [ <XE$- b @Q+( 7(,6 & pO 2(

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< $ : 6 )(E]( $+ 5 N 6 <0 & 9Z D 6 E;; %( ( 7 1;H$3 E;0F(

J ( E;

< <XE$- S+ 0 6(& 7 [ 9 2 - & [ 1+ & 9Z 9 , B (, ( J>M( >H .E+ F

+ 9( $NOK

H . ( & ( + J & 7 ( E+( 06 9( E+ , 1;H$3 ?[ c ,

=P(E $\] E; < <XE$- 6 )(E]( $+ • - 6 E;

r 2( ?JM( GJ > )EJM ;: 5 E6

+ HJ+ N 5$M ( D& $+ 5 N 2( 7 ( & -( $+ 5 N GJ > )EJM 2( 7(

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< l,K 6 H 6 <XE$- 7(,6 _=0t 7 [ H 7,8$

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) Benzing, 2003: 611

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UO• . 6 H ( <==> ( J 9 A 6

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+( D + ,$P & : .

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_=A ;- -( < ;6 „, (,x EF 6 , + ;$6 ,

C J ;D J6 <XE$J- J[ J & 9

5$6 ( <==> ( ( 5 ( U ; >Q & -

@ _J=0t 7 [ H 7 1 & 8 6 ;- -( 9 XE;; $1 d

E+( 0F( D .

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7 J[

CE L <;$6 c$3 & -( 0F( D 9Z 7(,6 )2V 9 2 CE & <XE$- ,6 ,w _=0t 6 <XE$- (E+ 0-(

-( 0 +( <80; ( _=0t 7 [ YE+&,3

) H v. United Kingdom of

8 July 1987 , X v. France 31 March 1992 (

.

/ 4 : 56 4* * 5% 7 58 9: 4 / ;

5$6 ;-(

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r [ X ( > B (,x )EJM 7 J;: J6 & J$+ l,Ja <6 & G 0 <

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-( YE .

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?$> n t ( o T h P E;

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9Z 7( 6 ^$+ <- $- C & EF 6 0F( Y K ) AN( 7(,D( 7(,6 < C E] & EF 6 E;

E;1+ 9 ,X .

U \ <XE$J- $NOK 5$$: 5$;|>[ & $ : )EM $ : 6 ?$> A; (

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< \ (.

J (,x EF 6 <- $- 7 [ ,A & 2( • E 6 [ $: 5 (

(14)

J6 ) J/+ 9Z 6 c ( & F 0F >X ; 5 ( 6 <- $- ) /+ 6 )(^0 ( 1D 6 <T ] ,X(

< <:](& & ,w )(E]( 9 ( $ , 6 G > )EM E *+(

.

EJ;6 ,HJ6 b J N 0$> 7 ( 2( <A 21

JP p (^JX 19

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1997 2(

6 Y , , n 9( - $:T&

r J6,* & c+( 6 D 9&E6 F + C \] 9 >X 6

-( <+(,B6 `a ; / )

http:/

www.unhchr.ch/tbs/doc.nsf/fffae?Opendocumentcommittee,

Human rights (

.

O 0-( 5$$: ?1 $ 6 7 [ + H+ 2( ^$+ C \] <=€F $; ( 9 J+Z O 0J-( )EJM J

-(

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< (Et0J-( $:JT& 5$J;|>[ .) G ^; & S$ , & C \] 0+( & G + ,6 ? N ) /+

<J >JF J6 C \J] O 0-( D ,W+ $6 9Z 9 6 <> ( <0] i$N 2( 9 +Z

&

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&,3 $:T& 2( P p (^X ,H6 b N 18

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< ,QP 6 ( 9 +Z <=€F $; ( & O 0-( $:T& 5 ( (q E+ F 2(E+(

)«

Ibid

.(

$ \J] Y J] J+ + ] J JB+ 5 EJ6 <J (,D( Y W0- @] < \] Y W0- < O 0-(

EK 7 6 2( stH J0$>[( 2( ^J$+ EJF 6 0F( $0P( ( + $ - E Z & D

<

(^ J6

-( ( P,6 9Z ‡$BK , .

G J 6 & & C \] 7 (2Z <+ + ] $:] .5$;|>[

< 7 0]( 7 [ Y W;6 & <- $- C 2( Y^ D & E[ & 7 * & <

E+(

0- 9Z O 0-( 9(^$ s$tH EF 6 YE;; 5$$: Y W

) .< (,F( & a 1386

: 138 - 127

.(

2 .

54* * 5% 7 58

<6 2( 2(,J0N( .7 &( c$J3 2( 2(,J0N( .7,JW 6 l,a L 9 (E+ ‡$D, 7 ;: 6 < ,a

& „,e -( YE Z 9 6 M & _ ; .72

. 9 2 J- 5 J$;6 JK( 2( )& GK( z -( ,6

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7 J[ c (,JX & 7 M j BK( 2( L ,[ 6 @ + : & 7 &( c$3 9&E6 & E;F 6 U ,K 7 (v+ & < ] .<@[q .<- $- J J6 9 + ] ,6 `@Q; & E;F 6 9 + ] 7(,D( @+ 6

E+2( ,Š6 ( .

T ] $=3 -( 9Z <\0 , ( 5 ( (EJ[ <J[&,X & < tF S8+ <

EF 6 0F(E+ h P < - & >- 6 G .

5>\J0 <J ,a <6 .,H6 b N 9 $ $> ,/+ 6

$X ?$> C \] -( 9Z

& E;F 6 0F(E+ 7 &( c$3 P 7, E;;A+ G>M 7 B+ 6

7,$X 7 - L S ;

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26 .

E - 52*&3

1-Benzing, Marcus. (2003), "The complementarity regime of the International criminal court: International criminal justice between state sovereignty and and the fight against impunity". Max Planck Yearbook of United Nations Law.

2-Brubacher. (2004), "Prosecutorial discretion within the international criminal court".

ICJ, 71.

3-Carsten, Stahn. (2009), Discretional prosecution, Salzburg International Law School.

4-Holmes, John. (2002), “Complementarity: National courts against the ICC”, in: Cassese et al., The Rome statute of the International Criminal Court, Oxford University Press.

5-Rozesburger, Florien, (2007), Complementary Views on Complementarity. Laiden University Press.

6-Stigen, Jo. (2008), The relationship between the I.C.C and National Jurisdictions.

Nijhoff Publishers.

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