ﯽﺳرﺮﺑ
ﮏﺒﻠﺟ ﺶﻘﻧ ﺎﻫ
رد نورزﺎﮐ نﺎﺳﺎﺳ ﻪﻤﺸﺟ بآ يﻮﺑ
نﺎﮔﺪﻨﺴﯾﻮﻧ :
هﺰﻤﺣ مﺎﻬﻟا
1نﺎﯿﯾ ﯽﻘﺗ يﺪﻬﻣﺪﻤﺤﻣ ، هداز
،2
يراﺮﺳا مﺎﻬﻟا
3
1 . ﺖﺴﯾز ﻂﯿﺤﻣ ﯽﺳﺪﻨﻬﻣ ﺪﺷرا ﯽﺳﺎﻨﺷرﺎﮐ يﻮﺠﺸﻧاد
، هﺎﮕﺸﻧاد ﺪﺣاو ﯽﻣﻼﺳا دازآ نﺎﺒﻬﺘﺳا
2 . هﺪﻨﺴﯾﻮﻧ لﻮﺌﺴﻣ : ﺖﺴﯾز ﻂﯿﺤﻣ ﯽﺳﺪﻨﻬﻣ هوﺮﮔ رﺎﯾدﺎﺘﺳا
، نﺎﺒﻬﺘﺳا ﺪﺣاو ﯽﻣﻼﺳا دازآ هﺎﮕﺸﻧاد
سﺎﻤﺗ ﻦﻔﻠﺗ : 9173135359 0
Email:[email protected]
3.
ﺖﺴﯾز ﻂﯿﺤﻣ ﯽﺳﺪﻨﻬﻣ هوﺮﮔ رﺎﯾ دﺎﺘﺳا
، نﺎﺒﻬﺘﺳا ﺪﺣاو ﯽﻣﻼﺳا دازآ هﺎﮕﺸﻧاد
ﺖﺷاﺪﻬﺑ عﻮﻠﻃ
ﯽﻤﻠﻋ ﻪﻣﺎﻨﻫﺎﻣ ود ﯽﺸﻫوﮋﭘ
دﺰﯾ ﺖﺷاﺪﻬﺑ هﺪﮑﺸﻧاد ﻢﻫدﺰﻧﺎﭘ لﺎﺳ
هرﺎﻤﺷ : لوا
ﺖﺸﻬﺒﯾدرا و ﻦﯾدروﺮﻓ 1395
ﻞﺴﻠﺴﻣ هرﺎﻤﺷ 55 :
لﻮﺻو ﺦﯾرﺎﺗ :
14 /2 / 1392
شﺮﯾﺬﭘ ﺦﯾرﺎﺗ :
5/
3/
1393
هﺪﯿﮑﭼ
ﻪﻣﺪﻘﻣ : ﻪﮐﺎﺠﻧآزا ﯽﻧﺪﯿﻣﺎﺷآ بآ يﻮﺑ ﺮﻈﻧزا
فﺮﺼﻣ بآ يﻮﺑ ﻪﮐ ﯽﻘﻃﺎﻨﻣ رد ﻦﯾاﺮﺑﺎﻨﺑ ،ﺖﺳا ﺪﻨﯾﺎﺷﻮﺧﺎﻧ نﺎﮔﺪﻨﻨﮐ
ضاﺮﺘﻋا درﻮﻣ فﺮﺼﻣ
ﯽﻣ نﺎﮔﺪﻨﻨﮐ ﻊﺑﺎﻨﻣ رد ﻮﺑ دﺎﺠﯾا ﻞﻣﺎﻋ ﻦﺘﻓﺎﯾ ﺖﻬﺟ ﯽﺗﺎﻘﯿﻘﺤﺗ ﯽﺘﺴﯾﺎﺑ ،ﺪﺷﺎﺑ
ﻣﺄﺗ ﻦﯿ مﺎﺠﻧا نآ
رﺎﮑﻫار ناﻮﺘﺑﺎﺗ دﺮﯿﮔ ﯽﺳﺪﻨﻬﻣ يﺎﻫ
ﺪﻣ و ﯽﺘﯾﺮﯾ دﻮﻤﻧ اﺪﯿﭘ نآ ﺶﻫﺎﮐ ﺖﻬﺟ رد .
ﻮﺑ ﻞﮑﺸﻣ ﻪﻤﺸﭼ رد نورزﺎﮐ نﺎﺳﺎﺳ
زا ﻪﮐ ﺰﯿﻧ ﺎﻫﺎﺘﺳورزا يداﺪﻌﺗ و ﺮﻬﺷﻮﺑ ،نورزﺎﮐ يﺎﻫﺮﻬﺷ ﯽﻧﺪﯿﻣﺎﺷآ بآ ﻦﯿﻣﺄﺗ ﻊﺑﺎﻨﻣ ﻪﻃﻮﺑﺮﻣ يﺎﻫﺮﻬﺷ ي
ﻣ ﯽ ﺪﺷﺎﺑ .
فﺮﺼﻣ ضاﺮﺘﻋا ﺚﻋﺎﺑ ﺮﯿﺧا لﺎﺳ ﻦﯾﺪﻨﭼ رد نﺎﮔﺪﻨﻨﮐ
ﺖﺳا هﺪﺷ . ﻊﺑﺎﻨﻣ ﯽﮑﺒﻠﺟ رﻮﻠﻓ ،تﺎﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣ ﻪﮑﻨﯾا ﻪﺑ ﻪﺟﻮﺗ ﺎﺑ
نﺎﺸﻧ ﻮﺑ دﺎﺠﯾا ﻢﻬﻣ ﻞﻣاﻮﻋ زا ﯽﮑﯾ ار ﯽﺑآ هداد
ﺪﻧا ﮏﺒﻠﺟ ﺶﻘﻧ ﻪﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣ ﻦﯾا رد ، ﻦﯾا عﻮﺒﻄﻣﺎﻧ يﻮﺑ رد ﻮﺑ ﺪﻟﻮﻣ يﺎﻫ
ﻪﻤﺸﭼ ﺳرﺮﺑدرﻮﻣ ﯿ ﺖﻓﺮﮔ راﺮﻘ .
ﯽﺳرﺮﺒﺷور :
ﻪﻧﻮﻤﻧ يرادﺮﺑ ﻦﯿﯿﻌﺗ زا ﺲﭘ و ﺖﻓﺮﮔ ترﻮﺻ ﻪﻤﺸﭼ بآ زا ﯽﻤﻈﻨﻣ يﺎﻫ )
(TON: Threshold
Odor Number ﮏﺒﻠﺟ عﻮﻧ
داﺪﻌﺗ ﺲﭙﺳ و ﺪﺷ هداد ﺺﯿﺨﺸﺗ ﺎﻫ نآ
ﺎﻫ ﯽﭘﻮﮑﺳوﺮﮑﯿﻣ ﻢﯿﻘﺘﺴﻣ شرﺎﻤﺷ شور ﻪﺑ
ﺪﺷ هدﺮﻤﺷ ﻢﯿﻘﺘﺴﻣ طﺎﺒﺗرا ﯽﮑﺒﻠﺟ هدﻮﺗ مﺮﺟ ﻪﮑﻨﯾا ﻪﺑ ﻪﺟﻮﺗ ﺎﺑ .
ﺖﻈﻠﻏ ﺎﺑ نژوﺮﺘﯿﻧ ﺮﻔﺴﻓ و ﯾا ﺖﻄﻠﻏ ،دراد ﺮﺻﺎﻨﻋ ﻦ
لﺎﺳ رد ﻪﮐ ﺶﯾﺎﻣزآ درﻮﻣ لﻮﺌﺴﻣ يﺎﻫدﺎﻬﻧ ﻂﺳﻮﺗ ﺮﯿﺧا يﺎﻫ
ﻪﺘﻓﺮﮔراﺮﻗ ﺪﯾدﺮﮔ ﯽﺳرﺮﺑ دﻮﺑ ﺎﺑ و
ﻦﯾا مزﻻ ﺖﻄﻠﻏ
ﮏﺒﻠﺟ ﺪﺷر ياﺮﺑ ﺮﺻﺎﻨﻋ ﺪﯾدﺮﮔ ﻪﺴﯾﺎﻘﻣ ﺎﻫ
.
ﻪﺘﻓﺎﯾ ﺎﻫ : تﺎﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣ ﻪﺠﯿﺘﻧ (TON)
ﺮﺑاﺮﺑ ار 477 /4 ﺎﺗ 2 /6 ﺪﺣ زا نﺎﺸﻧ ﻪﮐ داد نﺎﺸﻧ ﻞﺑﺎﻗ
ﺨﺸﺗ ﺺﯿ دﻮﺑ ﻮﺑ . رادﻮﻤﻧ
نﻮﯿﺳﺮﮔرو مﺎﺠﻧا
هﺪﺷ طﺎﺒﺗرا ﻘﺘﺴﻣ ﯽﻤﯿ ناﺰﯿﻣ ﻦﯿﺑ TON ﮏﺒﻠﺟ داﺪﻌﺗ و داد نﺎﺸﻧ ﺎﻫ
. ﺖﻈﻠﻏ راﺪﻘﻣ تاﺮﺘﯿﻧ
و
تﺎﻔﺴﻓ ﮏﺒﻠﺟ ﺪﺷر ﺪﻋﺎﺴﻣ ﻂﯾاﺮﺷ ﻪﻤﺸﭼ بآ رد ار ﺎﻫ
ﺄﺗ ﺪﯿﯾ ﯽﻣ دﻮﻤﻧ . ﮏﺒﻠﺟ ﯽﯾﺎﺳﺎﻨﺷ ﺞﯾﺎﺘﻧ نﺎﺸﻧ ﺎﻫ
رد داد بآ
ﺲﯿﺘﺴﯿﺳوﺮﮑﯿﻣ و ﺎﯾرﻮﺗﻼﯿﺳا ﮏﺒﻠﺟ ﻪﻤﺸﭼ ﺎﻬﯾﺮﺘﮐﺎﺑﻮﻧﺎﯿﺳ هوﺮﮔ زا
) ﮏﺒﻠﺟ ﺰﺒﺳ يﺎﻫ - ﯽﺑآ ( ﻞﻣاﻮﻋ زا ﻪﮐ
ﺪﯿﻟﻮﺗ ﻢﻌﻃ هﺪﻨﻨﮐ ﻮﺑ و
ﻣ ﯽ ﺪﺷﺎﺑ دﺎﯾز داﺪﻌﺗ ﻪﺑ اد دﻮﺟو
ﻪﮐ در ﯽﮐﺎﺧ يﻮﺑ دﺎﺠﯾا ﺚﻋﺎﺑ -
بآ رد ﯽﮑﭙﮐ ﯽﻣ
دﻮﺷ .
ﻪﺸﻘﻧ ﯽﺳرﺮﺑ ﻦﯿﻣز يﺎﻫ
و ﯽﺘﻓﺮﺑآ ﻪﻤﺸﭼ ﻪﮐ داد نﺎﺸﻧ ﺰﯿﻧ ﯽﺳﺎﻨﺷ ﺮﺛﺄﺘﻣ
ﯽﻣ فاﺮﻃ ﺖﺷد زا ﺪﺷﺎﺑ
.
ﻪﺠﯿﺘﻧ يﺮﯿﮔ : ﮏﺒﻠﺟ ﻪﻤﺸﭼ يﻮﺑ ﻞﻣﺎﻋ نﻮﭼ ﮏﺒﻠﺟ ﺪﺷر و ﺪﺷ هداد ﺺﯿﺨﺸﺗ ﺎﻫ
ﺎﻫ دﻮﺟو ﻪﺑ ﯽﻤﯿﻘﺘﺴﻣ ﯽﮕﺘﺴﺑاو
ﻪﻤﺸﭼ ﻦﯿﻨﭽﻤﻫ و ،دراد ﺪﺷر ﻞﻣاﻮﻋ ﺮﺛﺄﺘﻣ
ﯽﮔدﻮﻟآذﻮﻔﻧ زا فاﺮﻃا تﺎﻏﺎﺑ رد ﻪﺘﻓررﺎﮑﺑ يﺎﻫدﻮﮐ زا ﯽﺷﺎﻧ يﺎﻫ
ﮏﺒﻠﺟ لﺮﺘﻨﮐ ياﺮﺑ اﺬﻟ ،ﺖﺳا هﺪﻨﯾﻻآ ﺮﯾﺎﺳ و ﺎﻫدﻮﮐ زا هدﺎﻔﺘﺳا لﺮﺘﻨﮐ و ﺖﯾﺮﯾﺪﻣ ﻪﺑ زﺎﯿﻧ ﻪﻠﺻﺎﺣ يﻮﺑ و ﺎﻫ
يﺎﻫ
تزا يوﺎﺣ ﺮﻔﺴﻓ و
ﯽﻣ ﺪﺷﺎﺑ .
هژاو يﺎﻫ يﺪﯿﻠﮐ :
، نﺎﺳﺎﺳ ﻪﻤﺸﭼ ﻮﺑ
، ﮏﺒﻠﺟ
،ﺎﻫ ﺎﯾرﻮﺗﻼﯿﺳا ، ﺲﯿﺘﺴﯿﺳوﺮﮑﯿﻣ ،
(TON)
ﻞﺻﺎﺣ ﻪﻟﺎﻘﻣ ﻦﯾا ﺎﭘ
نﺎﯾ ﯽﺳﺪﻨﻬﻣ ﻪﺘﺷر رد ﺪﺷرا ﯽﺳﺎﻨﺷرﺎﮐ هرود ﻪﻣﺎﻧ ﺤﻣ
ﻂﯿ ﯽﻣ ﺖﺴﯾز ﺪﺷﺎﺑ .
ﻪﮐﺎﺠﻧآزا ﯽﻧﺪﯿﻣﺎﺷآ بآ يﻮﺑ
ﺮﻈﻧزا فﺮﺼﻣ ﺪﻨﯾﺎﺷﻮﺧﺎﻧ نﺎﮔﺪﻨﻨﮐ
ﯽﻣ ﺪﺷﺎﺑ . بآ يﻮﺑ ﻪﮐ ﯽﻘﻃﺎﻨﻣ رد فﺮﺼﻣ ضاﺮﺘﻋا درﻮﻣ
نﺎﮔﺪﻨﻨﮐ
ﯽﻣ ﻊﺑﺎﻨﻣ رد ﻮﺑ دﺎﺠﯾا ﻞﻣﺎﻋ ﻦﺘﻓﺎﯾ ﺖﻬﺟ ﯽﺗﺎﻘﯿﻘﺤﺗ ﯽﺘﺴﯾﺎﺑ ،ﺪﺷﺎﺑ
ﻣﺄﺗ ﻦﯿ رﺎﮑﻫار ناﻮﺘﺑﺎﺗ دﺮﯿﮔ مﺎﺠﻧا نآ ﯽﺳﺪﻨﻬﻣ يﺎﻫ
ﺪﻣ و ﯽﺘﯾﺮﯾ رد
دﻮﻤﻧ اﺪﯿﭘ نآ ﺶﻫﺎﮐ ﺖﻬﺟ .
ﻮﺑ هداد نﺎﺸﻧ تﺎﻘﯿﻘﺤﺗ ﺖﻈﻠﻏ رد
ﺎﻫ ي
ﯽﯾﺎﯾﻮﺑ ﺲﺣ ،ﻂﺳﻮﺗ هﺪﻨﯾﻻآ داﻮﻣ ﻢﮐ رﺎﯿﺴﺑ ﻞﺑﺎﻗ
ﺨﺸﺗ ﺺﯿ ﺖﺳا ) 1 .(
دﻮﺸﯿﻣ دﺎﺠﯾا بآ يﻮﺑ نآ رد ﻪﮐ ﯽﻄﯾاﺮﺷ و ﻞﻣاﻮﻋ ﻖﯿﻗد ﯽﯾﺎﺳﺎﻨﺷ دﺮﮔ ﯽﻣ ﻦﮑﻤﻣ ﺮﯿﻏ و راﻮﺷد رﺎﯿﺴﺑ ﯽﻫﺎﮔ د)
2 .(
ﯾا رد ﯽﻟآ ﺮﯿﻏ داﻮﻣ ﯽﺧﺮﺑ و ﯽﻟآ داﻮﻣ ﺮﺘﺸﯿﺑ ﺠ
ﺪﻧراد ﺶﻘﻧ ﻮﺑ دﺎ .
ﻦﯾا
ياراد ﺖﺳا ﻦﮑﻤﻣ داﻮﻣ ﺄﺸﻨﻣ
ﯽﻌﯿﺒﻃ
، ﯽﮑﯾژﻮﻟﻮﯿﺑ يﺎﻫﺪﻨﯾاﺮﻓ ﺎﯾ
ﺎﺒﯿﻋﻮﻨﺼﻣ ﺪﻨﺷ .
ًﻻﻮﻤﻌﻣ ﺖﯿﻟﺎﻌﻓ ﻢﻫ ﯽﺑوﺮﮑﯿﻣ يﺎﻫ ﻮﺑ دﺎﺠﯾا ﺚﻋﺎﺑ
رد
بآ يﺎﻫ ﯽﻣ ﯽﻨﯿﻣزﺮﯾز ﻢﻫو ﯽﺤﻄﺳ دﻮﺷ
) 3 .(
ﺖﯿﻟﺎﻌﻓ عﻮﻧ ﻦﯾا رد ﺎﻫ
ﻪﭼﺎﯾردرد ﯽﮑﺒﻠﺟ ﯽﯾﺎﻓﻮﮑﺷ رد ،نﺎﻫﺎﯿﮔ ﻪﯾﺰﺠﺗ ﻪﻧﺎﺧدور و ﺎﻫ
رد،ﺎﻫ
ﻪﯾﻻ ،نﻮﯿﺳﺎﮑﯿﻔﯾﺮﺗوا رد ﺰﯿﻧ و نزﺎﺨﻣ رد بآ ﺶﺧﺮﭼ و يﺪﻨﺑ
بآ يﺎﻫ ﯽﻣ خر ﯽﻨﯿﻣزﺮﯾز ﺪﻫد
) 4(
. ﻞﻣﺎﺷ ﻮﺑ ﯽﻋﻮﻨﺼﻣ ﻊﺑﺎﻨﻣ
بﻼﺿﺎﻓ ﯽﺘﻌﻨﺻ يﺎﻫ بآ ناور
يﺎﻫ يﺮﻬﺷ زروﺎﺸﮐ و ي
ﯽﻣ ﺪﻨﻧاﻮﺗ
ار ﻮﺑ و ﻢﻌﻃ ﺪﻟﻮﻣ داﻮﻣ ﻘﺘﺴﻣ
ًﺎﻤﯿ ﻪﺑ بآ يﺎﻫ دراو ﯽﻨﯿﻣزﺮﯾز ﺎﯾ ﯽﺤﻄﺳ
ﺪﻨﯾﺎﻤﻧ ) 5(
. ﻪﯾﺰﺠﺗ لﺎﺣ رد ﯽﻫﺎﯿﮔ ﻞﻣاﻮﻋ
، ﮏﭙﮐ يﺮﺘﮐﺎﺑﺎﻬﺘﺴﯿﻣﻮﻨﯿﺘﮐاو ﺎﻫ يﺎﻫ
دﺮﮔﻮﮔ و ﻦﻫآ
،.
ﻦﯿﻨﭽﻤﻫ ﻢﯾﺪﺳ ﺪﯾﺮﻠﮐ ،
ﯿﺘﻌﻨﺻ داﻮﻣ ﮐﺮﺗ ﺪﻨﻧﺎﻤ
تﺎﺒﯿ
ﯽﻣ ﻮﺑ ﺮﮕﯾد ﻢﻬﻣ ﻞﻣاﻮﻋ زا ﻞﻨﻓ ﺪﺷﺎﺑ
ﻧزﺮﻠﮐ و ﯽ ﯽﻣ ﺰﯿﻧ ﻞﻣﺎﻋ ﺪﻧاﻮﺗ
ددﺮﮔ بﻮﺴﺤﻣ ﻮﺑ ﺪﻟﻮﻣ .
ﺪﯿﻟﻮﺗ ﺖﻬﺟ داﻮﻣ زا ﯽﻌﯿﺳو هﺮﺘﺴﮔ ﺎﺑﺮﻠﮐ ﯽﻣ بآ ﻪﺑ
ﺪﻨﻫد ) 6 .(
نوﺪﺑ ﯽﺒﯿﮐﺮﺗ ﺪﯿﻔﻟﻮﺳ نژورﺪﯿﻫ ﺪﺑ و ﮓﻧر
رﻮﻄﺒﻬﮐ ﺪﺷﺎﺑ ﯽﻣ ﻮﺑ
ﭼزا يرﺎﯿﺴﺑ رد ﯽﻌﯿﺒﻃ ﻮﺷ ﯽﻣ ﺖﻓﺎﯾ مﺮﮔ بآ يﺎﻫ ﻪﻤﺸ
د.
نژورﺪﯿﻫ
هﺎﮕﺸﯾﻻﺎﭘ ﻞﺜﻣ ﻊﯾﺎﻨﺻ زا ﯽﺧﺮﺑ ﯽﺒﻧﺎﺟ ﺐﯿﮐﺮﺗ ﮏﯾ ناﻮﻨﻌﺑ ﺪﯿﻔﻟﻮﺳ ﯽﻣ ﺪﯿﻟﻮﺗ ﺰﯿﻧ بﻼﺿﺎﻓ يﺎﻫ ﻪﻧﺎﺧ ﻪﯿﻔﺼﺗ و يزﺎﺳ ﺬﻏﺎﮐ، ﺖﻔﻧ دﻮﺷ .) 7 .(
ﻢﻌﻃ ﯽﺑﺎﯾزرا ياﺮﺑ دراﺪﻧﺎﺘﺳا شور ﻦﯾﺪﻨﭼ هﺪﺷﺮﺸﺘﻨﻣﻮﺑ و
ﺖﺳا . زا ﯽﮑﯾ شور ﺎﻫ ﯾ شورﻮﺑ ﻪﻧﺎﺘﺳآ ﺶﯾﺎﻣزﺂ ﻪﮐ هدﻮﺒﯿﺴﺣ يﺎﻫ
ﻪﺑ رﻮﻃ آ بآ رد و هدﺮﺘﺴﮔ ﯽﻣ هدﺎﻔﺘﺳا ﯽﻧﺪﯿﻣﺎﺷ
ﺪﻧﻮﺷ ) 6 (.
ﺮﯿﻈﻧ ﯽﮑﯾژﻮﻟﻮﯿﺑ ﻞﻣاﻮﻋ ﻪﺑ ﺪﻧاﻮﺘﯿﻣ عﻮﺒﻄﻣﺎﻧ ﻢﻌﻃ وﻮﺑ ﺶﻨﮐاﺮﭘ و ﺪﯿﻟﻮﺗ
ﺪﺷﺎﺑ ﻂﺒﺗﺮﻣ ﺎﻬﻧﻮﺘﮑﻧﻼﭘﻮﺘﯿﻓ )
8 (.
و ﻦﯿﻣزﻮﺋژ يﻮﺑ دﺎﺠﯾا ﻞﻣاﻮﻋ ﻦﯾﺮﺘﻤﻬﻣ زا ، لﻮﺌﻧﺮﺑوﺰﯾا ﻞﯿﺘﻣ 2
ﺎﺧ ﺪﻨﺷﺎﺑ ﯽﻣ ﮏﭙﮐو ك .
ﺐﯿﮐﺮﺗ ود ﻦﯾا عﻮﺒﻄﻣ ﺎﻧ يﻮﺑ رد ﯽﺘﺣ
ﺖﻈﻠﻏ يﺎﻫ ﺧ ﯽﻠﯿ ﻢﮐ ﺺﯿﺨﺸﺗ ﻞﺑﺎﻗ ﺐـ نﺎﮔﺪﻨﻨﮐ فﺮﺼﻣ ﻂﺳﻮﺗ
ﺪﺷﺎﺑ ﯽﻣ ) 5 - 10 ﺮﺘﯿﻟ رد مﺮﮔﻮﻧﺎﻧ ()
9(
. ﺪﻧا هداد نﺎﺷ تﺎﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣ ﯽﺧﺮﺑ
ﯽﮐﺎﺧ يازﻮﺑ ﻞﻣاﻮﻋ ﻪﮐ /
ﻞﺜﻣ ﺎﻫ ﺮﺘﮐﺎﺑﻮﻧﺎﯿﺳ زا ﯽﮑﭙﮐ ،ﺎﯾرﻮﺗﻼﯿﺳا
،ﺎﻨﺑﺎﻧآ ﺪﺷﺎﺑ ﯽﻣ جاﺮﺨﺘﺳا ﻞﺑﺎﻗ ﺎﯿﺒﮕﯿﻟ )
10 (
دوﺪﺣ 80 ﯽﻤﺳ تﺎﺒﯿﮐﺮﺗ ﺪﯿﻟﻮﺗ ﻪﮐ هﺪﺷ ﻪﺘﺧﺎﻣ ﺎﻬﮑﺒﻠﺟ زا ﻪﻧﻮﮔ
ﻧاﻮﯿﺣ ياﺮﺑ ﺪﻨﯾﺎﻤﻧ ﯽﻣ مﺮﮕﻧﻮﺧ تﺎ
) 11 (
ﺰﺒﺳ يﺎﻬﮑﺒﻠﺟ زا يدﺎﯾز ﻢﺠﺣ ﻪﯾﺰﺠﺗ زا هﺪﺘﻫد رازآ عﻮﺒﻄﻣﺎﻧ يﺎﻫﻮﺑ دﻮﺷ ﯽﻣ دﺎﺠﯾا ﯽﺑآ .
ﺰﺒﺳ يﺎﻬﮑﺒﻠﺟ -
ﯽﺑآ نﺎﺷدﻮﺧ ﻦﻤﭼ ﻪﯿﺒﺷ يﻮﺑ،
ﺪﻨﻫﺪﯿﻣ ﻪﮐ ﯽﻟﺎﺣرد هﺮﮐ ﻪﯿﺒﺷ روآ عﻮﻬﺗ يﻮﺑ هﺪﯾﺪﻨﮔ يﺎﻬﮑﺒﻠﺟ
ﺪﻧراد هﺪﯾﺪﻨﮔ )
12 (.
ﺖﯿﻤﻫا ﻪﺑ ﻪﺟﻮﺗ ﺎﺑ ﮏﺒﻠﺟ
ﺎﻫ يﻮﺑ ﺪﯿﻟﻮﺗ رد عﻮﺒﻄﻣﺎﻧ
ﻪﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣ ﻦﯾا رد
ﺛﺄﺗ ﮏﺒﻠﺟﺮﯿ ﺎﻫ ﺎﺑ سرﺎﻓ نﺎﺘﺳا رد ﻊﻗاو نورزﺎﮐ نﺎﺳﺎﺳ ﻪﻤﺸﭼ رد
شرﺎﻤﺷ و ﯽﯾﺎﺳﺎﻨﺷ ﮏﺒﻠﺟ
ﺎﻫ ﺳرﺮﺑدرﻮﻣ ﯽ ﯽﻣ راﺮﻗ دﺮﯿﮔ .
ﯽﺳرﺮﺑ شور ﺖﻬﺟ اﺪﺘﺑا ﻢﻌﻃ دﻮﺟو ﯽﺳرﺮﺑ
ﻮﺑ و ﻪﻤﺸﭼ رد ، ﺶﯾﺎﻣزآ ) ( TON
مﺎﺠﻧا ﺖﻓﺮﮔ . ﻪﻧﻮﻤﻧ ﺖﻈﻠﻏ ردﺮﻈﻧدرﻮﻣ ﺎﻫ
ي ﻮﺑ نوﺪﺑ بآ ﺎﺑ ﻒﻠﺘﺨﻣ
ﻖﯿﻗر ﺪﺷ و ﻮﺑ ﻪﻧﺎﺘﺳآ ﺪﺣ هزاﺪﻧا
يﺮﯿﮔ ﺪﺷ . ﻪﻧﻮﻤﻧ ﻪﯿﻟوا ﻢﺠﺣ
ﺮﻈﻧدرﻮﻣ ﺶﯾﺎﻣزآ ﯽﻣﺎﻤﺗ رد ﺎﺑ ﺮﺑاﺮﺑ ﺎﻫ
50 ﻣ ﯽﻠﯿ ﺮﺘﯿﻟ ﺪﺷ هداد راﺮﻗ .
ﺪﺣ لﻮﻣﺮﻓ ﻞﺑﺎﻗ
ﺨﺸﺗ ﺺﯿ ﯽﻣ ﺮﯾز ﻖﺑﺎﻄﻣ ﻮﺑ ﺪﺷﺎﺑ
.
ﻪﯿﻟوا ﻪﻧﻮﻤﻧ ﻢﺠﺣ /.
) ﻪﯿﻟوا ﻪﻧﻮﻤﻧ ﻢﺠﺣ +
ﻪﻧﻮﻤﻧ ﻢﺠﺣ ﻪﻓﺎﺿا
هﺪﺷ = (
(TON) بآ ﺖﮐﺮﺷ هﺎﮕﺸﯾﺎﻣزآ ﻞﻨﺳﺮﭘ ﻂﺳﻮﺗ ﺶﯾﺎﻣزآ ﻦﯾا و
بﻼﺿﺎﻓ ﺪﺷ مﺎﺠﻧا سرﺎﻓ .
ﺖﻈﻠﻏ نﻮﭼ ﻧ
نژوﺮﺘﯿ ﯽﻠﺻا ﻞﻣﺎﻋ ﺮﻔﺴﻓ و
ﺪﺷر ﮏﺒﻠﺟ ﺎﻫ ﯽﻣ بﻮﺴﺤﻣ ﯽﺑآ ﻊﺑﺎﻨﻣ رد دﻮﺷ
ﺤﻣ و ﻂﯿ ﺪﻋﺎﺴﻣ ار
ﺪﯿﻟﻮﺗ ﯽﮑﯾژﻮﻟﻮﯿﺑ ﻞﻣاﻮﻋ ﺪﺷر ياﺮﺑ ﯽﻣ ﻮﺑ هﺪﻨﻨﮐ
ﺖﻈﻠﻏ اﺬﻟ ،ﺪﻨﯾﺎﻤﻧ
،تاﺮﺘﯿﻧ تﺎﻔﺴﻓ و ﺪﺷ ﯽﺳرﺮﺑ ﺰﯿﻧ
. ﺖﯿﻌﺿو ،ﺎﻫﺮﺘﻣارﺎﭘ ﻦﯾا ﯽﺳرﺮﺑ ﺎﺑ
راﺪﻘﻣ و نآ ﺎﻫ ناﺰﯿﻣ ﺎﺑ ﻻ مز نآ ﺎﻫ ﺪﺷر ياﺮﺑ ﮏﺒﻠﺟ
ﺎﻫ ﺪﺷ ﻪﺴﯾﺎﻘﻣ .
ﻪﻧﻮﻤﻧ نﺎﻣز يرادﺮﺑ
زا 18 ﺖﺸﻬﺒﯾدرا و ﺪﺷ زﺎﻏآ هﺎﻣ
ﻪﺑ رﻮﻃ و مواﺪﻣ
بوﺎﻨﺗ ﺎﺑ 7 ﺎﺗ هزور 20 لﺎﺳ رﻮﯾﺮﻬﺷ 1392
ﺖﻓﺎﯾ ﻪﻣادا .
ﻪﺑ ﻠﮐرﻮﻃ ﯽ
ﻪﻧﻮﻤﻧ زا فﺪﻫ ﻞﺤﻣ زا ،يرادﺮﺑ
ﯽﻔﻠﺘﺨﻣ يﺎﻫ ﻪﻧﻮﻤﻧ
رادﺮﺑ ي ﻞﻤﻋ ﻪﺑ
ﻪﺸﻘﻧ ﻖﺒﻃ ،ﺪﻣآ ،ﺪﺷ ﻪﯿﻬﺗ نﺎﺳﺎﺳ ﻪﻤﺸﭼ زا ترا ﻞﮔﻮﮔ رد ﻪﮐ يا
ﻞﮑﺷ ﻖﺒﻃ نﺎﺳﺎﺳ ﻪﻤﺸﭼ )
1 ( ﻪﺑ 10 فﺮﻇ ﺮﻫ رد و ﺪﺷ ﻢﯿﺴﻘﺗ ﺖﻤﺴﻗ
زا ﻪﻧﻮﻤﻧ 5 ﺖﻤﺴﻗ ﺴﻘﺘﻬﻘﻄﻨﻣ زا ﻢﯿ
يﺪﻨﺑ هﺪﺷ ﺪﺷ ﻪﺘﺷادﺮﺑ .
رد زورﺮﻫ
ﻪﻧﻮﻤﻧ ،يرادﺮﺑ 2 ﻪﻧﻮﻤﻧ فﺮﻇ بآ ﻪﻧﻮﻤﻧ ﻞﮐ فﺮﻌﻣ ﻪﮐ يرادﺮﺑ
ﯽﻣ ﻪﻤﺸﭼ ﺪﺷ ﻪﺘﺷادﺮﺑ ،ﺪﺷﺎﺑ .
ﯽﺳرﺮﺑ ﺖﻬﺟ ﺛﺄﺗ
ﺮﯿ ﺮﺑ ﺮﻠﮐ زا ،ﻮﺑ ناﺰﯿﻣ بآ
ﻪﻟﻮﻟ ﺸﮐ ﯿ هدز ﺮﻠﮑ هﺪﺷ ﮏﺒﻠﺟ دﻮﺟو و ﻮﺑ ﻦﯿﯿﻌﺗ ﺖﻬﺟ ﺰﯿﻧ ﻧ
ﺰﯿ
ﻪﻧﻮﻤﻧ رادﺮﺑ ي ﺪﺷ . ﻪﻧﻮﻤﻧ ﻢﺠﺣ ﺮﻈﻧدرﻮﻣ
بآ ياﺮﺑ ﻔﺼﺗ
ﻪﯿ هﺪﺷ 3 ﺮﺘﯿﻟ
اﺮﺑ و ي مﺎﺧ بآ 1
ﻟ ﺮﺘﯿ دﻮﺑ ﻪﮐ،
ﻪﻧﻮﻤﻧ شور ﺎﺑ ﻖﺑﺎﻄﻣ يرادﺮﺑ
رد
شوﺮﺑﺎﺘﮐ ﺎﻫ ي ﺶﯾﺎﻣزآ رد دراﺪﻧﺎﺘﺳا ﺪﺷ مﺎﺠﻧا بﻼﺿﺎﻓ و بآ يﺎﻫ
)
ﻣ دراﺪﻧﺎﺘﺳا ﺪﺘ
)(
13 .(
ﻞﮑﺷ 1 : ﺪﻨﺑ ﻪﻘﻄﻨﻣ نﺎﺳﺎﺳ ﻪﻤﺸﭼ ي
ﯽﺳرﺮﺑ ﺖﻬﺟ ﯽﻫﺎﮕﺸﯾﺎﻣزآ يﺎﻫ
ﮏﺒﻠﺟ ﺎﻫ ﻪﻧﻮﻤﻧ ﻪﮐ ﺪﺷ ﯽﻌﺳ يﺎﻫ
ﺖﺷادﺮﺑ هﺪﺷ ﻞﻗاﺪﺣ ﺎﺑ ﺧﺄﺗ
ﺮﯿ ،ﺪﻧﻮﺷ ﯽﺳرﺮﺑ ﻪﻔﻗو و فوﺮﻇ زا
ﻪﺸﯿﺷ ﻪﻧﻮﻤﻧ ﺖﻬﺟ ﻞﯾﺮﺘﺳا يا ﺪﺷ هدﺎﻔﺘﺳا ﯽﺑوﺮﮑﯿﻣ يرادﺮﺑ
. ﺲﭙﺳ
ﻪﻧﻮﻤﻧ يﺎﻫ جاﺮﺨﺘﺳا هﺪﺷ و ﻞﻘﺘﻨﻣ هﺎﮕﺸﯾﺎﻣزآ ﻪﺑ ﺦﯾ رﺎﻨﮐ رد
ﺪﺷ مﺎﺠﻧا مزﻻ تﺎﺸﯾﺎﻣزآ .
ﯽﯾﺎﺳﺎﻨﺷ و ﺺﯿﺨﺸﺗ ﮏﺒﻠﺟ
ﺎﻫ ﯽﯾﺎﺳﺎﻨﺷ يﺎﻫﺪﯿﻠﮐزا هدﺎﻔﺘﺳا ﺎﺑ
ﺪﺘﻣ دراﺪﻧﺎﺘﺳا بﺎﺘﮐ رد دﻮﺟﻮﻣ )
13 ﺪﯾدﺮﮔ مﺎﺠﻧا ،( .
ﻪﻧﻮﻤﻧ زا يﺎﻫ
ﺎﺳﺎﻨﺷ ﯽﯾ هﺪﺷ ﺲﮑﻋ رادﺮﺑ ي ﯽﯾﺎﺳﺎﻨﺷ ﺪﺷ ﮏﺒﻠﺟ
ﺎﻫ زا هدﺎﻔﺘﺳا ﺎﺑ
لﺪﻣ يرﻮﻧ پﻮﮑﺳوﺮﮑﯿﻣ OhympusInverte CKX41
ﻣ ﺰﻬﺠ ﻪﺑ
ﺖﻓﺮﮔ . شرﺎﻤﺷ ياﺮﺑ ﮏﺒﻠﺟ
ﺎﻫ ا شرﺎﻤﺷ مﻻ وﺮﺘﻠﯿﻓ ناﺮﺒﻤﻣ شورز
ﺮﺘﻓار ﮏﯾوﺪﺳ (Sedwgic rafter)
ﺪﺷ هدﺎﻔﺘﺳا .
ﻪﻧﻮﻤﻧ هدﺎﻔﺘﺳا ﺎﺑ ﺎﻫ
ﯽﻓﺎﺻ ﺬﻏﺎﮐ زا 8
. / فﺎﺻ نوﺮﮑﯿﻣ ﺪﺷ
. ﺎﺑ ﯽﻓﺎﺻ ﮏﯾ ﯽﻠﯿﻣ بآ ﺮﺘﯿﻟ
ﺮﻄﻘﻣ ﺪﺷ هداد ﻮﺸﺘﺴﺷ ار هﺪﺷ ﻪﺘﺴﺷ ياﻮﺘﺤﻣ ﺲﭙﺳ ،
) 1 ﯽﻠﯿﻣ ﺮﺘﯿﻟ ( ﺎﺑ
راﺮﻗ ﺮﺘﻓار ﮏﯾوﺪﺳ شرﺎﻤﺷ صﻮﺼﺨﻣ مﻻ يور ﺖﭙﯿﭘ هداد
ﺪﺷ . ﯽﻠﯿﻣ ﮏﯾ ﺮﺑاﺮﺑ شرﺎﻤﺷ مﻻ ﻦﯾا ﻢﺠﺣ ﺖﺳا ﺮﺘﯿﻟ
) 50 ﯽﻠﯿﻣ ﺮﺘﻣ
،لﻮﻃ 20 ﯽﻠﯿﻣ و ضﺮﻋ ﺮﺘﻣ 1
ﯽﻠﯿﻣ ﻖﻤﻋ ﺮﺘﻣ (.
ﺲﭙﺳ هدﺎﻔﺘﺳا ﺎﺑ ﺖﻗد ﺎﺑ
ﯽﺳﺪﻋ زا 10
شرﺎﻤﺷ ﺮﺑاﺮﺑ ﺪﺷ
.
ﻪﺘﻓﺎﯾ ﺎﻫ ﺣ ،ﻞﻗاﺪﺣ ﺞﯾﺎﺘﻧ فاﺮﺤﻧاو ﻂﺳﻮﺘﻣ ﺮﺜﮐاﺪ
ﻪﻧﺎﺘﺳآ ﺪﺣ تﺎﺸﯾﺎﻣزآ رﺎﯿﻌﻣ
داﺪﻌﺗ، تﺎﻔﺴﻓ و تاﺮﺘﯿﻧ ﺖﻄﻠﻏ ،ﻮﺑ ﮏﺒﻠﺟ
ﺎﻫ ﮏﺒﻠﺟو ﺪﻟﻮﻣ يﺎﻫ
نﺎﺳﺎﺳ ﻪﻤﺸﭼ ردﻮﺑ )
(TON لوﺪﺟ رد 1
ﻪﺑ ترﻮﺻ ﺺﺧﺎﺷ يﺎﻫ
يرﺎﻣآ ﻪﺻﻼﺧ هﺪﺷ ﺖﺳا .
ﻦﯿﻣز تﺎﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣ ﯽﻣ نﺎﺸﻧ ﻪﻤﺸﭼ ﯽﺳﺎﻨﺷ
نﺎﺳﺎﺳ ﻪﻤﺸﭼ هزﻮﺣ ﻪﮐ ﺪﻫد
ﯽﺘﻓﺮﺑآ ﺖﺷد رد ﻊﻗاو
هﺪﺷ رد نارﺎﺑ بآ ﻊﺑﺎﻨﻣ ﻪﺑ ﻪﺘﺴﺑاو رﺎﯿﺴﺑ و
ﯽﻣ ﻪﻘﻄﻨﻣ ياﺮﺑ ﺪﻌﺘﺴﻣ اﺬﻟ و ﺪﺷﺎﺑ لﺎﻘﺘﻧا
ﯽﮔدﻮﻟآ ﻪﺑ ﻦﯿﻣز ﺢﻄﺳ يﺎﻫ
ﯽﻣ ﻪﻤﺸﭼ ﺪﺷﺎﺑ
) 14 .(
اﻮﻋ ﯽﮑﯾ ﻪﮑﻨﯾا ﻪﺑ ﻪﺟﻮﺗ ﺎﺑ ﯽﻠﺻا ﻞﻣ
هﺪﻨﻨﮐدﺎﺠﯾا
دﻮﺟو ﻮﺑ ﮏﺒﻠﺟ ﻢﻌﻃ ﺪﻟﻮﻣ يﺎﻫ ﻮﺑ و
ﯽﻣ ﺪﺷﺎﺑ ﮏﺒﻠﺟرﻮﻓو و ﺎﻫ
طﻮﻨﻣ
تﺎﻔﺴﻓ دﻮﺟو ﻪﺑ و
تاﺮﺘﯿﻧ ﯽﻣ ﺪﺷﺎﺑ . تﺎﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣ ﻦﯾﺮﺘﺸﯿﺑ ﻪﮐ هداد نﺎﺸﻧ
ﺪﺷر ﮏﺒﻠﺟ ﺎﻫ رد ﺖﻈﻠﻏ ﺎﻫ ي ﺮﻔﺴﻓ و نژوﺮﺘﯿﻧ ﺗﺮﺗ ﻪﺑ
ﺐﯿ زا ﺮﺘﺸﯿﺑ 25
و 2 ﯽﻠﯿﻣ ﯽﻣ ﺮﺘﯿﻟ رد مﺮﮔ ﺪﺷﺎﺑ
) 15 ( ﯽﻓﺎﮐ ﺪﺣ ﮏﯾ لوﺪﺟ ﺞﯾﺎﺘﻧ ﻪﮐ
ﯽﻣ نﺎﺸﻧ ار نژوﺮﺘﯿﻧ ﺪﻫد
. تاﺮﺘﯿﻧ ﻪﻠﻤﺟزا ﻊﺑﺎﻨﻣ هﺪﻨﯾﻻآ ﻞﻣاﻮﻋ
بآ يﺎﻫ ﯽﻣ بﻮﺴﺤﻣ ﯽﻨﯿﻣزﺮﯾز لﺎﺳ رد ﻪﮐ ﺪﻧﻮﺷ
ظﺎﺤﻟ ﻪﺑ ﺮﯿﺧا يﺎﻫ بآ
يﺎﻫ ﯽﻣ ﺶﯾاﺰﻓا ﻪﺑ ور ﯽﻨﯿﻣزﺮﯾز ﺪﺷﺎﺑ
. ﯽﻌﯿﺒﻃ تﺎﺑﻮﺳر لﻼﺤﻧا
تاﺮﺘﯿﻧ يوﺎﺣ بآ رد
ﻪﻟﺎﺑز،ﯽﻧاﻮﯿﺣ تﻻﻮﻀﻓ ،نﺎﻫﺎﯿﮔ ﻪﯾﺰﺠﺗ ، يﺎﻫ
يﺎﻫدﻮﮐ ،يﺮﻬﺷ ﻧ
تاﺮﺘﯿ راد بﻼﺿﺎﻓ و ﯽﮕﻧﺎﺧ يﺎﻫ
ﻪﻠﻤﺟزا ﻊﺑﺎﻨﻣ
ﻪﺑ تاﺮﺘﯿﻧ دورو بآ
يﺎﻫ ﯽﺤﻄﺳ ﻣ ﯽ ﺷﺎﺑ ﺪ ) 16 .(
رد ﺮﻔﺴﻓ بآ يﺎﻫ
بﻼﺿﺎﻓ و ﯽﻌﯿﺒﻃ ﯽﺘﻌﻨﺻ يﺎﻫ
ًاﺮﺼﺤﻨﻣ هﺪﯾد تﺎﻔﺴﻓ ترﻮﺻ ﻪﺑ
ﯽﻣ دﻮﺷ . ﻪﺳاﺪﻨﮐ تﺎﻔﺴﻓ و تﺎﻔﺴﻓﻮﺗرا ﻞﮑﺷ ﻪﺑ ﺮﻔﺴﻓ )
،وﺮﯿﭘ
ﻮﺗراوﺎﺘﻣ ( ﯽﻟآ يﺎﻫﺪﻧﺎﺑ ﺎﺑ تﺎﻔﺴﻓ و ﻪﻘﺒﻃ
ﺪﻨﺑ ي هﺪﺷ و ﺖﺳا
ًﺎﺗرﺪﻧ ﻪﺑ
رد دﺎﯾز راﺪﻘﻣ بآ
يﺎﻫ راﺮﻗ فﺮﺼﻣ درﻮﻣ بﺮﺷ ياﺮﺑ ﻪﮐ ﯽﻌﯿﺒﻃ
دراد ) 16 ( .
ﮏﺒﻠﺟ ﺺﯿﺨﺸﺗ يﺎﻫ هداد
هﺪﺷ ﻪﻧﻮﻤﻧ رد ﯾﺎﻫ ﻪﺘﺷادﺮﺒ هﺪﺷ ﻣﺎﺷ ـ ﻞ
ﻪﻠﺗﻮﻠﮑﯿﺳ ﺎﻫ ) Cyclotella (
ﻪﻣﻮﺗﺎﯾد،
ﺎﻫ ) Diatoma (،
ﺲﯿﺘﺴﯿﺳوا
) Oocystis (،
سﻮﻤﺳﺪﻨﺳ ) Scenedesmus (
ﺎﯾرﻮﺗﻼﯿﺳا Oscillatoria
ﺲﯿﺘﺴﯿﺳوﺮﮑﯿﻣ )
Microcystis (
ﺎﻨﺑﺎﻧآ،
) Anabaena (
هﺪﭙﺴﯾﺮﻣ،
ﺎﻫ
) erismopeda (،
ﻨﯾﺪﯾﺮـﭘ ـﯿـ مﻮ ) Peridinium (
و ﺗاﺮـﺳ ــ مﻮﯿ
) Ceratium (
ﯽﻣ ﺪﻨﺷﺎﺑ .
ﯽﻧاواﺮﻓ ﮏﺒﻠﺟ ﺎﻫ ﮏﺒﻠﺟ ﻞﻣﺎﺷ ﺐﯿﺗﺮﺗ ﻪﺑ ﻪﻣﻮﺗﺎﯾد ،ﯽﺑآ ـﺰﺒﺳ يﺎﻫ
،ﺎﻫ
ﮏﺒﻠﺟ ﯽﻣ ،ﺰﺒﺳ يﺎﻫ ﺷﺎﺑ
ﺪ.
ﮏﺒﻠﺟ يﺎﻀﻋا ﻦﯿﺑ رد ﻪﺑ ﯽﺑآ ـﺰﺒﺳ يﺎﻫ
ﺲﻨﺟ ﺐﯿﺗﺮﺗ ﺪﭘﻮﻤﺴﯾﺮﻣ ،ﺲﯿﺘﺴﯿﺳوﺮﮑﯿﻣ ،ﺎﯾرﻮﺗﻼﯿﺳﺎﯾﺎﻫ
ﯾ ﺎﻨﺑﺎﻧآ و ﺎ
دراد ﯽﻧاواﺮﻓ ﻦﯾﺮﺘﺸﯿﺑ .
ﻤﻧ ﺮﺜﮐا رد ﻪﮐ رﻮﺗﻼﯿﺳا ﮏﺒﻠﺟ ﻪﻧﻮ
داﺪﻌﺗ ﻪﺑ ﺎﻫ
ﮏﺒﻠﺟ ﻦﯾﺮﺘﻤﻬﻣ زا ﯽﮑﯾ ﺖﺷاد دﻮﺟو دﺎﯾز بآ رد ﻮﺑ ﺪﻟﻮﻣ يﺎﻫ
ﯽﻣ ﺪﺷﺎﺑ . بآ رد ﻪﻟﻮﻟ ﺸﮐ ﯽ ﻮﺑ ﺰﯿﻧ ﮏﺒﻠﺟ و ﺮﻠﮐ داد نﺎﺸﻧ ﻪﮐ ﺖﺷاد
ﻪﻤﺸﭼ بآ رد ﺛﺄﺗ
يﺮﯿ ﺖﺳا ﻪﺘﺷاﺪﻧ بآ يﻮﺑ ندﺮﺑ ﻦﯿﺑ زارد .
رادﻮﻤﻧ زا ) 1 ( ﯽﻣ داﺪﻌﺗ ﺶﯾاﺰﻓا ﺎﺑ ﻪﮐ ﺪﯿﺳر ﻪﺠﯿﺘﻧ ﻦﯾا ﻪﺑ ناﻮﺗ
ﮏﺒﻠﺟ يﻮﺑ بآ رد دﻮﺟﻮﻣ يﺎﻫ ﻟﻮﺗ
هﺪﺷﺪﯿ ﯽﻣ ﺮﺘﺸﯿﺑ ﺰﯿﻧ و دﻮﺷ
نﺎﺸﻧ ﻻﺎﺑ رادﻮﻤﻧ ﻮﺑ ﻦﯿﺑ ﻢﯿﻘﺘﺴﻣ ﻪﻄﺑار هﺪﻨﻫد
داﺪﻌﺗ و ﮏﺒﻠﺟ ﺖﺳﺎﻫ .
رادﻮﻤﻧ 1 : ﻐﺗ تاﺮﯿﯿ ﮏﺒﻠﺟ ﺎﻫ ﻮﺑ ناﺰﯿﻣ ﺎﺑ
ﻪﺠﯿﺘﻧ و ﺚﺤﺑ يﺮﯿﮔ
ﺞﯾﺎﺘﻧ ﻪﺑ ﻪﺟﻮﺗ ﺎﺑ ﻪﺑ
ﺖﺳد هﺪﻣآ ﯽﻣ ﻊﻤﺟ ﻦﯾا ﻪﺑ ناﻮﺗ ﻪﮐ ﺪﯿﺳر يﺪﻨﺑ
ﯽﻏﺎﺑ يﺎﻫﺎﻀﻓ زروﺎﺸﮐ و
ي ،ﻪﻤﺸﭼ فاﺮﻃا طﺎﺒﺗرا و
ﻊﺒﻨﻣ ﻣﺄﺗ ﻦﯿ
يﺬﻐﻣ داﻮﻣ ذﻮﻔﻧ ﺚﻋﺎﺑ ﯽﺤﻄﺳ ﻊﺑﺎﻨﻣ ﺎﺑ ﻪﻤﺸﭼ تﺎﻔﺴﻓًﺎﺻﻮﺼﺧ
ﺎﻫ ﻪﺑ
ﺖﺳا هﺪﯾدﺮﮔ بآ .
رﻮﻧ دﺎﯾز ﺶﺑﺎﺗ ﺎﺑ ﻪﻘﻄﻨﻣ رد ﻪﻤﺸﭼ يﺮﯿﮔراﺮﻗ
ﺪﺷر ﻂﯾاﺮﺷ ﮏﺒﻠﺟ
ﺎﻫ ﺖﺳا هﺪﯿﺸﺨﺑ دﻮﺒﻬﺑ ار .
ﺞﯾﺎﺘﻧ ﻞﯿﻠﺤﺗ ﯽﻓﺮﻃ زا
ﯽﻨﻌﻣ طﺎﺒﺗرا داد نﺎﺸﻧ ﯽﻠﮐ داﺪﻌﺗ و ﻮﺑ ناﺰﯿﻣ ﻦﯿﺑ يراد
ﺟ ﮏﺒﻠ ﺎﻫ
دراد دﻮﺟو .
ﮏﺒﻠﺟ ندﻮﺑ ﺐﻟﺎﻏ ﯽﻓﺮﻃ زا ﻞﺜﻣ ﻮﺑ ﺪﻟﻮﻣ يﺎﻫ
ﺶﻘﻧ ﻪﯿﺿﺮﻓ ﺲﯿﺘﺴﯿﺳوﺮﮑﯿﻣ و ﺎﯾرﻮﺗﻼﯿﺳا ﮏﺒﻠﺟ
ﺎﻫ ﻮﺑ ﺪﯿﻟﻮﺗ رد ار
ﯽﻣ تﻮﻗ ﺪﺸﺨﺑ . ﺪﯾﺎﺑ ﻞﮑﺸﻣ ﻊﻓر و ﻪﻤﺸﭼ بآ ﺖﯿﻔﯿﮐ دﻮﺒﻬﺑ ياﺮﺑ
دﻮﺷ مﺎﺠﻧا تﺎﻣاﺪﻗا يﺮﺴﮑﯾ .
ﮏﺒﻠﺟ دﻮﺟو ﻪﺑ ﻪﺟﻮﺗ ﺎﺑ ﺺﺧﺎﺷ يﺎﻫ
ﺮﯿﺑاﺪﺗ،ﻪﻤﺸﭼ بآ رد ﯽﮔدﻮﻟآ ز
ﺖﺴﯾ ﯿﺤﻣ ﯽﻄ ﻞﮐ رد ﯽﺑوﺮﯾﻻ ﺪﻨﻧﺎﻣ ترﻮﺻ ﻪﻤﺸﭼ
ﺑ دﺮﯿﮕ . دﻮﺟوﺎﺑ ﮏﺒﻠﺟ يﺎﻫ ﺢﺷﺮﺗ هﺪﻨﻨﮐ رد مﻮﻤﺳ
راﺪﻘﻣ و ﻦﯿﯿﻌﺗ ﺪﯾﺎﺑ مﻮﻤﺳ ﻦﯾا ﺖﯿﻫﺎﻣ ،ﻪﻤﺸﭼ نآ
ﺎﻫ دﻮﺷ ﺺﺨﺸﻣ .
زا ﯽﮑﯾ ﺖﻠﻋ ﺎﻫ ي ﺪﺷر ﻢﻬﻣ ﮏﺒﻠﺟ
ﺎﻫ دﺎﯾز رﻮﻧ دﻮﺟو ﻪﻤﺸﭼ بآ رد
ﯽﻣ ﻪﻤﺸﭼ رد ﻪﻘﻄﻨﻣ بآ ﺖﮐﺮﺷ ﺪﯾﺎﺑ ﻪﮐ ﺪﺷﺎﺑ
ﻒﻘﺴﻣ نورزﺎﮐ يا
ار ﻪﻤﺸﭼ ندﺮﮐ ﺪﻫد راﺮﻗ دﻮﺧ رﺎﮐ رﻮﺘﺳد رد
و،
ﺎﻬﻧ
ًﺎﺘﯾ ﺎﺑ ﺪﯾﺎﺑ
ﻨﮑﺗ ﻮ يژﻮﻟ ﺖﻬﺟ رد ﯽﮑﯾژﻮﻟﻮﯿﺑ و ،ﯽﯾﺎﯿﻤﯿﺷ ،ﯽﮑﯾﺰﯿﻓ ﻒﻠﺘﺨﻣ يﺎﻫ
لﺮﺘﻨﮐ ﮏﺒﻠﺟ ﺎﻫ ﺖﺸﮔ ﻞﻤﻋ دراو بآ ﻊﺑﺎﻨﻣ رد .
شور لﺮﺘﻨﮐ ﺞﯾار ﯽﮑﯾﺰﯿﻓ يﺎﻫ ﮏﺒﻠﺟ
ًﺎﻣﻮﻤﻋﺎﻫ زا هدﺎﻔﺘﺳا ﻞﻣﺎﺷ
ﯽﻓﺎﺻ ﺶﺷﻮﭘ و ﺎﻫ شور زا و ،ﻒﻠﺘﺨﻣ يﺎﻫ
ﺞﯾار ﯽﮑﯾژﻮﻟﻮﯿﺑ يﺎﻫ
هدﺎﻔﺘﺳا ﯽﻫﺎﻣ زا ﺮﯾﺎﺳ و راﻮﺨﻫﺎﯿﮔ يﺎﻫ ﺑ
ﯽ نﺎﮔﺮﻬﻣ ﯽﻣ ار مﺎﻧ ناﻮﺗ
دﺮﺑ . شور ﻢﻬﻣ ﯽﯾﺎﯿﻤﯿﺷ يﺎﻫ ﮏﺒﻠﺠﻟﺮﺘﻨﮐ رد
ﺎﻫ ﺪﻨﯾاﺮﻓ ﻞﻣﺎﺷ ﺰﯿﻧ
ﺐﯿﺳﺮﺗ ،بآ نورد ﻪﺑ اﻮﻫ ژﺎﭙﻤﭘ ﺎﺑ يزﺎﺳروﺎﻨﺷ ،يزﺎﺳ ﻪﺘﺨﻟ و دﺎﻘﻌﻧا و ﯽﯾﺎﯿﻤﯿﺷ زﺎﺳ ﻪﺘﺨﻟ
ﯾ ﻪﺑدﻮﺨ دﻮﺧ ي ﯽﻣ ، ﺪﺷﺎﺑ .
ﺪﻫﺎﺸﻣ ﮏﺒﻠﺟ ﻪﻤﺸﭼ بآ رد زﺎﺑ ﯽﻧزﺮﻠﮐ زا ﺪﻌﺑ نﻮﭼ زا ﺪﯾﺎﺑ ﺪﺷ ه
شور ﯽﺳﺎﺳا يﺎﻫ ﺪﻨﻧﺎﻣ ﻮﺑ و ﻢﻌﻃ و ﮏﺒﻠﺟ فﺬﺣ ﺖﻬﺟ ﺮﺗ
هدﺎﻔﺘﺳا
y = 0.000x + 3.502 R² = 0.726
0 2 4 6 8
0 1000 2000 3000 4000 5000
ﻮﺑ ﻪﻧﺎﺘﺳآ ﺪﺣ(TON)
بآﺮﺘﯿﻟ رد ﺎﻬﮑﺒﻠﺟ ﻞﮐ داﺪﻌﺗ
دﻮﺷ . ﯽﻧادرﺪﻗوﺮﮑﺸﺗ
بآ ﺖﮐﺮﺷ هﺎﮕﺸﯾﺎﻣزآ ﻞﻨﺳﺮﭘ تﺎﻤﺣز و نﺎﺒﻬﺘﺳا ﺪﺣاو و
بﻼﺿﺎﻓ
ﺪﻨﯾﺎﻤﻧ ﺮﮑﺸﺗ زاﺮﯿﺷ .
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HamzeianE(M.Sc)1, Taghizadeh MM(Ph.D)2, Asrari E(Ph.D)3
1. MSc in environmental engineering, Estahbanm branch, Islamic Azad University, Estahban, Fars, Iran
2. Corresponding Author: assistant professor ,Department of Environmental engineering Estahban branch, Islamic Azad university, Estahban, Fars, Iran
3. Assistant professor, Department of Environmental engineering, Estahban branch, Islamic Azad university, Estahban, Fars, Iran
Abstract
Introduction: As odor of potable water seems to be unpleasant for the costumers in some regions, some researches need to be performed to find the odor reasons in the water sources in order to present engineering and management strategies to reduce it. Sasan spring, located near kazeroon city (Fars, Iran), is regarded as a potable water resource for Kazeroon and Booshehr city as well as other villages.
Water in Sasan spring has the odor problem. With regard to important role of algae in odor problems, the present study aimed to investigate the role of algae on unpleasant odor of Sasan spring in Kazeroon.
Methods: After regular sampling, the TON (threshold odor number) was determined, algae species were distinguished and the number of total algae was counted by microscopic direct numbering method. As the algae mass is related to nitrogen and phosphor concentration, results of nitrogen and phosphor concentrations in this spring, examined regularly by water company, were investigated and compared to the required concentration of these components for algae growing.
Results: The study results revealed that TONwas in range of 4.477 to 6.2 indicating oderous limit.
Regression analysis demonstrated a linear relationship between TON and number of total algae.
The concentration of nitrogen and phosphor in the spring water confirmed an adequate condition for algal grow. Results of algae species determination showed a high population of Oscilatoria and Microcystis (Cyanobacteria group) species, known as elements of producing, which can cause soil odor in the water. Investigating geological maps in the region around the Sasan spring demonstrated that alluvium source is affected by the surrounding lands.
Conclusion: Since the algae is determined as the essential cause of odor in the spring, algal growth is related to its nutrients, and also the surface pollution can penetrate into the alluvium lands around the spring, management of nutrients as well as other pollutants containing nitrogen and phosphor are necessitated in order to control the algae and its odor in the spring.
Keywords: Algae oscillatoria; Microcystis; Odor; TON; Sasan spring
