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TRINH CAO NGUYiN Bao tang Quang Trj
7
fong dien trinh p hdt trien cua lich sir xa hoi thi m oi vung ddt, m oi dia dir deu c6 mot qua trinh hinh thdnh, tdn tqi va p hdt trien. Dai ddt dam ddi cua mien Trung trong do c6 dia ban tinh Quang Tri cung khong ndm ngodi quy luqt cua s u van dgng do. Lich sir cua vung ddt nay la cd m ot qua trinh p hdt trien lien tuc vd trdi qua rdt nhieu giai doqn. Tir budi sof khai di m& cdi, ddu tranh, gidnh gidt cuffng vuc Idnh tho cho den khi dinh hinh xom Idngphir&ng hieu Id cd mot chqng dir&ng ddi ddy bi thirffng nhirng rdt ddi hdo hung cua dan tdc. Vd ngira trir&ng chinh di qua thi song hdnh v&i do Id sir ra d&i cua Idngxd trff thdnh nhir mot le tat yeu. Vd tren thirc te, s u c6 m at cua Idng xd ngu'M Vift & viing ddt Quang Tri cung duffc p h d t xu d t trong hodn cdnh nhir vqy.1. Hodn cdnh lich su- dan den qud trinh nhqp ctr cua ngu&i Viet len viing ddt Quang Tri
De c6 the nhan dien ro cac con duemg hinh thanh lang xa nguai Viet a Quang Tri trong qua khu thi tru'oe het phai dat trong moi quan he so sanh v6i boi canh chung cua lien trinh phat trien lich su xa hoi suot ca mot hanh trinh lich sir tren buac dmrng thicn di ve phuemg nain cua dan toe. Dira tren nhirng cuoc dai di dan, di dan tap trung c6 chu truemg va di dan ty do da tirng dien ra trong hch sir.
Xct ve hoan canh lich sir dan den cac cuoc nhap cu de roi hinh thanh nen cac lang xa ngudi Viet
d Quang Tri phai dugc nhin nhan nguyen ca bat dSu tir thdi Tien Le (984 - 988). Vao thdi diem nay, khi ma quoc gia Dai Viet d phia bac trd nen Idn manh, nen doc lap nude nha ngay cang dugc cung cd thi y dd ndi rdng lanh thd ve phuong nam nham md mang bd cdi bat dau nay sinh Cung tii' day, nhirng cuoc giao tranh gianh giat dat dai giira hai qude gia Viet - Cham thudng xuyen xuat hien Dac biet la dudi thdi nha Ly (1010 - 1225), thang 2/1069, vua Ly Thanh Tong sai Ly Thudng Kiet than chinlx dem _ theo 5 van quan «dn,\!3anhjph7^
ThanhjbaTjdiroc ^ u a thi^rn'i^aS' Che © sl^ 'S ^n 'n R u d ra v a rm a n /.^
Rudravarman IV). D i bao loan tinh m?ng, Che Cu da xin dang 3 chau B6 Chinh, Dja Ly va Ma Linh cho Dai Viet. Tir day, mpt phin dat cue b ic cua ngudi Cham da thupc ve quyen cai tri cua ngudi Viet trong do cd dja ban phia bac tinh Quang Tri, tir b d bac bd song Hidu trd ra, true thugc chau Ma Linh (bao gdm huyen VTnh Linh va Gio Linh ng^iy nay). Sau do nha vua ddi chau Dja Ly thanh chau Lam Binh, chau Ma Linh thanh chau Minh Linh. Chinh thiic xuong chieu chieu mg nhan dan den d, dinh dal lai vi^c to chirc, cai tri. Chidu chilu mg dan nay la mot van kidn quan trong trong Ijch sir cua nude ta, dat nen mong dau tien cho cugc trudng chinh tien ve pliu'OTig nam ma dan tpc ta da theo dudi suot 6 - 7 the ky ve sau nay.
Sang ddi nha Tran, nam 1306, cong chiia Tran Huyen Tran - nguoi con gai cua dat bac Dai Viet da ty nguyen rdi que huong ban quan vao lam dau xu ngudi, lay vua Cham la Che Man. Qua sinh le nap tnmg la hai chau 6 , Ly “vuong ngdn dm"
cua ngudi Cham dugc trao ve cho Dai V iet Cuoc hdn phdi nhuom, r a ^ s a c chinh trima Hch suthuong^^
nhac*den, nay Id? Iiff Joan ma bhan dw la^ trud g thanh I
I
Dac san Khoa hoc v a ^ n g nghe' So 2 .2 0 1 4cua nha Tran da mcr ra m ot bu ac di tiep theo tren hanh trinh nam ti§n ciia ngucri Vi6t trong Ijch sii. KS tCr day phan dSt phia nam tinh Quang Tri thuoc vk lanh tho cua Dai Viet.
Vua Tran Anh Tong d6i ten 6 Chau thanh ThuM Chau gom phan dat phu Trieu Phong, huy^n Hai Lang (Quang Tri), huyen Phong DiSn, huyfn Quang Di§n, huy?n Huong Tra (Thua Thien) ngay nay; va d6i Chau Ly thanh H6a Chau g6m phan dat huyen Phii L^c, huyen Phu Vang (Thua Thien), huyen H6a Vang, huyen Dai Loc, phu Dien B te, phii Duy X uyen (Quang Nam) ngay nay. Thoi diem nay dong ngubi Viet tren buoc duong vao nam bat dau vao den Thua Thien va dia d iu tinh Quang Nam.
D ^ thoi nha H6 (1400 -T401), LS Quy Ly ngay sau khi len ngoi da thuc hien ngay ke hoach xam chiSm Chiem Thanh nhSm'xoa diu du luan xa hoi luc bay gio dang xi xao di nghi va buoc tpi minh ve viec thoan doat ngoi vi. Ong bat vua Cham phai nhuong dat va ha lenh cho dan c u tu phia bac vao lam an sinh song.
Tiep d6n then Hau Le, nien hi6u Hong Diic nam thu n h it (1470), vua Le Thanh Tong xuong chieu than chinh di danh Chiem Thinh. Vuemg trieu Vijaya dan dan kiet sue va cuoi cung da bi sup do.
Nha Le m o rgng bien gibi Dm V i^
vao tan Phu Yen - cham dut su ton tai cua vuong quoc.Champa. Sau do thirc hien v ^ i'^ o ^ c h dinh lai dat dai, dat
hiinh chieu 'cu a j ^ i i i l t ^
dai di dan Ion nhat trong lich su cua nguoi Viet tien vS phuong nam, trong do CO su hinh thanh cac lang xa trSn vung d it Quang Tri.
Nhung nam thing tiep theo ve sau nay, khi Nguyen Hoang vao dam trach nhiem vu trdn thii vung Thuan Hoa. Tren buoc duong chay tr6n khoi lubi guom oan nghiet ciia ngubi anh re Trinh Kiem, N ^ y l n Hoang cung da kip nuoi nang va mang theo m ot hoai bao that Ibn lao, do chinh la y d6 cat cii. Bang tai nang va diic d$, cong vbi nhung danh vong Ibn lao cua minh nen trong qua trinh tu dat bac vao Thuan Hoa, Nguyln Hoang da dugc nhieu ngubi ung hp hubng ling, hoa chung trong doan tuy tung di vao vung dat mbi de lap nghiep.
Do la nhung hoau canh lich su dan den cac cupc nhap cu cua ngubi Viet ve phia nam. Xet ve dong luc di dan thi phan Ibn la do chu truong dieu phoi nhan luc cua nha nubc, dugc the hien qua cac cupc dai di dan, di dan tip trung c6 to chiic va quy mo, dua tren Ibi keu gpi ciia nha nubc. Do la vao cac nam 1069, 1104,1252, 1306, 1402, 1430, 1434, 1444, 1446, 1471, 1558, 1648. Tuy nhien, nhin tren phuong dien tong the va lau dai thi cong cupc di dan khai khan viing dat mbi van mang tinh tu d6ng va tu phat nhieu hon. Ben canh nhung dot chuyen cu theo chieu lenh ciia nha vua mang tinh nM nubc, c6 quan binh lo ve an ninh va phan nao c6 trg cap ban dau cua chinh quy6n la qua trinh di cu le te, thua thbt va rbi rac ciia tung nh6m nho, tham chi la tung gia dinh, tung phia thugng du. Ngoai nhung lang dugc dinh hinh hr sbm trong lich sii thi diln da qua thbi gian lai xuat hien them nhung Imrg mbi. Su c6 mat ciia nhiing lang mbi n iy xuat phat tu hai truong hop chii yeu.
Thu nhat, do la nhung l ^ g di cu vao vung Thuan Hoa b nhiing khoang thbi gian muon ve sau nay (khoang th6 ky XVII - XVIII), tuc la sau cac lang da hinh thanh trong
Va nh o a - l ic hs u' ngubi mot. Qua thbi gian s6 lugng ngay mpt dong len va hinh thanh nen cac lang xa n6i dai tren dai dat mien Trung noi chung va Quang Tri noi rieng.
2. Cac con d udng h inh thanh lang x a nguM Viet d Quang Tri trong lich s v
Tu nhung hoan canh neu tren, c6 the nhan thay lang xa ngubi Viet b Quang Tn dugc hinh thanh chu yeu thong qua cac con dubng cu thS nhu sau.
Mpt la, nhung lang xa ngubi Viet dau tien xuat hien b Quang Tri va chinh thiic c6 ten gpi tren ban do Dai Vift la tb thbi nha Le (the ky XIV). Nhung Ibp ngubi d iu tien dat chan den vung dat nay de lap lang von la nhung chien binh timg tham gia trong doan quin m b coi.
Sau khi man hM binh dao, bp phan nay da tu nguyen b lai ■vung d it mbi de tien hinh khin hoang dien tho, chieu mp dan den lam an sinh song va roi hinh thanh nen cic lang xa. Lbp ngubi nay ve sau dugc dan lang suy t6n la Tien khai khin, Hau khai canh cua ling. Ban dau, nhung nhom cu din V i^ mbi tb bac vao s6ng cpng cu vbi bp p h ^ Champa c6n sot l^i. Qua flibi gian, trubc su phat trien Ibn m?inh khong ngbng cua ngubi Viet da khien khong it ngubi Cham bi dong hoa. So con Im, do khong chip nhan chung song vbi ngubi Viet nen hp da chuyen di noi khac v i nhuong Im lanh th6 cho cac ling ngubi Viet.
Tiep theo cac lin g hinh thanh tu thbi n h i Le l i nhung lin g dugc hinh thinh dubi thbi chua. Nhung lin g b vung dong bang dugc hinh thinh sbm hon so vbi cac lin g b dgt di dan nhap cu dien ra dubi thbi Nguyen Hoing. Cu d in cua nhiing lin g m bi n iy cung c6 nguon goc b vung Thanh Nghp Tinh hoac xa hon nua ngoii vung dong bang Bac Bp nhu Nam Dinh, Ninh Binh, VTnh Phuc, Thing Long... Khi xa hpi phong kien ng iy mpt phat trien, cu dan trb nen dong due, rupng d it cong chiem dai da so khien nhung canh dong chiem trung cua vung Dac san Khoa hoc va edng n g h i ■
S62.2014I
Va nh6a - u c hs i r BSc Bp tra nen chat chpi, nho hep khong du da canh tac cay cly. Bo phan nhung cu dan khong c6 rupng vuon bupc phai cheo keo nhau tien vao vung Thuan H6a trong do c6 dia tinh Quang Tri de lam an sinh s6ng. Ngay tCr buoi d iu “cAdn uat chan rao" budc vao vung d it mdi, mOt bp p h |n cu d in nay da xin gia nhap v io cac lang da dupe dinh hinh tii tnrac. Hp dupe chip nhan vdi tu each la nhiJng ‘‘'khdeh ho". Mot thdi gian sau hp trd thanh
‘‘chinh ho" v l c6 quyln Ipi dong dang nhu nhung cu dan chinh ciia lang. Qua tu lieu dinh ba th6i Thai Diic c6 trudng hop chi sau hai nam cu ngu tm lang, nhung nguoi ngu cu dupe cho “/rye” vao din cu chinh cua lang. Bp phin con lai VI nhieu ly do khach quan lln chu quan khac nhau da khong nh|p lang m l tien hanh khai pha nhung khu dat con hoang hoa nho hep chua c6 chu so him nam c ^ cac lang cai, lang chinh. Hp dung nha cua de dinh cu va khai thac dien tho. Sau do trong qua trinh sinh song hp tiep can, quan hp v6i cac lang cai de trao d6i mua ban, Ian chilm va thim chi II dung thu do?n lua gat d it dai d l noi rOng dia vpc cu tru v l dien tich canh tac. Tut do cac ling mdi dupe ra ddi, hp dupe chinh quyen so tai luc b ly gid cong nhan v l chinh thuc c6 ten trin ban d6 ling xa Quing Tri.
Con dudng thu hai hinh thinh nhung ling mdi x u lt phat ngay chinh trong npi tm cac lin g chinh, ling cai v l it nhilu cd phIn mang ' tinh “quy lu g (\ Khi nhung ling dupe hinh thinh tu xa xua thi v6n ban dau cu din dang con it 6i, hp tp cu g in k l nhau v l mang tinh co ciim theo k iiu chdm xdm nhilu hon. Nhung din d l qua thdi gian, cac dong hp trong mot ling sinh con de chau llm cho d in s6 ngly cing p hit trien. Cdng them bp phin dan cu mdi xin gia nhap ling da khien cho so hp tich cua lang ngly mot d ly lln. Tu dd d in d in mpt he q u i t i t y lu la nhu c iu v l n h l d v l
Cdng lang Le Xuyen. Anh: Le Diic Due d It canh tac ng ly cIng Idn. Vile
dung n h l cua bat dau c6 su g iln no v l hinh thinh nen cac xdm mang tin gpi nhu xom tren, xdm dual, xdm long, xdm con, xdm bdu, xdm thtfcmg, xdm hg, xdm trung,... Cac xdm n iy ton tai v l phat triln trong pham vi cua mpt ling. Cho d in khi mpnh dan lln, cu dan trd n in dong due, dien tich dat canh pha thIm ngly mpt rpng rai va d in d in vupt ra khdi su quan ly cua ling. Hp bat dau tach dan ra khdi lin g chinh, xin lap dien bp, dinh bp v l thul bp rieng. Tu do hinh thinh nen nhung lin g mdi ton tai dpc lap, cd d ly dii tu each phap nhin v l dupe chinh quyin n h l nude q uin ly bao v l.
Ben canh nhung lin g Viet thuin ndng thi tren dia b ln Quang Tri con cd nhung van/ling chli.
Hp la nhung cu dan lam n ghi song nude danh bat thuy h li sin tren cac dong song v l ven biln. Nghipp muu sinh '‘benh bong thuy dien"
da dua day hp den vdi vung quI Quang Tri m l cu th i II dpc theo bo b iln va tren cac dong song. Trong qua trinh hinh nghI bp ph in cu din nay da dat v io hai ben b d de neo d |u thuyin b l va xin mpt khoing d it nhd de phoi ngu cu v l chdn mo m l. Sau do, bang nhilu hinh thiic l i a c lihau nhu xin cho, mua ban, lln chiim ... hp da ndi d in d it dai
ra v l bat d iu lln dinh cu lau dai.
K it hop ndng nghilp v l ngunghiep de llm an v l sinh song Co thi noi cir dan ciia cac van/lang chai la mot bp phan khong nhd da gop phan to VC cho buc tranh lang xa ngudi Viet Quang Tri them phan phong phu va da dang-
Su hinh thanh cac lang xa ngudi Viet tren viing dat Quang Tri dicn ra xuyen sudt trong Ijch sii' tCv trung can cho den hien dai.
Vao niia cuoi the ky XVlIl den mia dau the ky XIX, viing dat phia tay ngupc len phia thupng ngudn ciia cac con song bat dau hinh thanh them nhung lang men. Su xuat hien nhung lang mdi nay bat ngudn tir nhieu nguyen nhan khac nhau.
Trude h it la do thdi diem luc bay gid mat dp lang xdm d viing ddng bang trd nen day dac. dan so tang nhanh. Trong khi do dien tich dat von cd khong con dti de dap ung nhu cau canh tac nen mot so bp phan dan cu tir cac lang nen day bat dau tien ve phia tay, noi cd dat dai rpng rai, rimg nin bao la de khai pha trdng trpt. Ban dau hp dung leu trai d lai de lam an trong mpt thdi gian ngan rdi xudi ngupc len ye b in g thuyen be. Dan dan nhan thay d it dai noi day mau mo, cay cdi tot tuoi, vile sin xuat ndng nghiep thuan lot v l nhung vu mua bpi thu
a
Dac san Khoa hpc va cdng nghe So 2 .2 0 1 4da niu giu cluin ho a lai. T u do bO p h |n cu dan nay quyet dinh len day sinh song lau dM.
NguySn nhan th u hai dan dSn svr ra doi cua cac lang xa ngirdi Vi$t a vung d6i niai trung du x u it phdt tCf chinh sach cai tri va khai thac thuoc dia cua thuc dan thuc dan- Phap. Vao nhihig nam cu6i th6 ky XIX d iu the ky XX, tnroc sir b6c 16t ha k h ic cua chinh tri thuoc dia, mot so c u dan vung dong bang da chay tron thue than ISn day lap nghiep. Tii do hinh thanh nen cac iMg moi. Ben canh do con c6 mpt so quan lai, dia chu c6 quyen hanh da len day bao chiem dat dai dS lap trang trai d6n d i ^ , thue nhan cong len canh pha va san xuat nong nghiep d8 thu Igi. M ot bo phan cu dan ban c6 nong ngheo kh6 khong c6 ruong vuon da di theo len lam an sinh song d in d in hp dimg nha cua va dinh cu lau dai de roi v i sau hinh thanh nen cac lang xa moi.
Ngoai hai nguyen nhan d in d6n su hinh thanh cac Im g xa d vung ttrung du va thupng du thi mpt so Iw g con Im dupe hinh thanh dua tren chu truemg chinh sach cua Dang va N ha nude. Vao nhung nam tCr 1960 - 1980, huong ung chuong trinh di/gian dan di 1 ^ an kinh tS moi, mOt so bp phan ddn cu a cac xa dong bang da 16n day lap nghiep va lap nen cac lang moi. Mac du da tach thanh mpt
lang ton tai dpc lip va dinh c u gan nhu tach biet v6 mat khong gian nhung mpi sinh hoat lang x6m va ton t6c thudng nam nori que cu hp d iu trd v8 dong gop va tham gia d iy du. Day cung chinh la net dep van hoa truyen thong cua nguoi Viet da dupe due k it, duy tri va ton tai trong tarn thuc tu bao ddi nay.
3. N gudn goc vd thanh p h a n dan cie
Cu dan Viet ra di tu dat Bac tren bu6c dudng tien dan v i phuong Nam von c6 que huong b ^ quan tu Thang Long, T u Trin, Hai Duong, Ninh Binh, Thanh Hoa, Nghe T7nh..., trong do g6c Thanh Nghe la chii yeu. Nam 1069, huong ling Idi k6u gpi di dan cua vua Ly Thanh Tong, cu dan Dai Viet b it d iu vupt Deo Ngang vao khai pha vung dat moi. Trong so cu dan iy, nhung ngubi c6 cung hp tpc thudng tu tap m $t noi roi lap thanh m pt l ^ g (xa). Do la cac lang (xa) d Iu tien cua ngubi Viet dupe thanh lap b chau Lam Binh, chau Minh Linh, tiic phia nam Q u ^ g Binh va phia bac Quang Tri ngay nay. Ranh gibi hoach dinh giua hai quoc gia Cham - Viet liic b iy gib la song Hieu.
Sang den dbi nha Tran, nhb moi quan he giao hao giua hai quoc gia Cham - Viet ma dac biet la sau dam cubi Huyen Tran cong chua (1306) thi phan dat tu nam
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lic h su'
song H iiu trb vao b ic Quang Nam mbi chinh thuc n im trong cuong v\rc Dai Viet. ChSu 0 ciia Champa trb th^tnh Chau Thuan cua Dai Viet trong do bao gbm huyen Trieu Phong, h uyra Hai Lang, thj xa Quang Tri va th^inh pho D6ng Ha ngay nay. Thbi diem nay qua trinh di dan lap ap ciia ngubi Vipt vao vung Thupn Hoa mbi chinh thbe b i t dau. Cac lang Viet thay th i d in nhung lang Cham va tung bubc phat trien Ibn manh d in len qua ede thbi ky lich sir.
Den thbi nha Ho, sau khi thu lai dupe dat cua ngubi Cham, Ho Quy Ly da ra lenh cho nhung cu dan CO tien cua ma khong c6 rupng vubn tir Nghe An, Thanh Hoa tiep tpc di cu vS phuong nam de lam an sinh song, th iit lap nen cac lang xa tiep theo cua ngubi Viet.
Thbi nha Le, sau khi binh dinh xong Chiem Thanh, ket thuc su ton tai cua vuong quoc Champa, vua Le Thanh Tong da xubng chieu chieu mp nhan dan vao a. Trong dong ngubi di cu do c6 ngubi tb Nghe An, Ha ITnh, hp von quen thao ngh6 ghe thuySn da vupt bien tign vao sinh song.
Ve thanh phan dan cu va xa hpi, dong ngubi Vipt ra di tu dat Bac tien ve Nam trong lich sii gom rat nhieu hang ngubi. Trubc het, luc so khbi nhung cu dan dupe coi la dat nhat cube phb hoang dau tien Xem tiep trang 79
Ian to a d i vao th u c tien CU9C song a cac thon, ban, khu ph6, d ia phucmg, don vi va b u a c d i u d a d at d u ac nhung ket qua tich cue trSn cac ITnh vuc. Th6ng qua phong trao thi dua da xay dvng va phat tri€n nhieu m o hinh dien hinh
‘‘Dan van kheo" vdi nhiSu each lam “D an van kheo ”, phucmg phap sinh dong c6 sue loi cu6n, hSp d in thuc day manh m e phong trao thi dua ‘‘Dan van kheo" trong to w tinh. H ang n g w d iw hinh duqc phat hien, xay dung v k nhan rong 6 cac cap, cac nganh; nhieu tap the, ca nhan d ugc cac dia phuomg, dem vi dong vien, khen thuong gop p h in thuc hien tot cong tac van dong quan chiing hang hai tham gia cac phong trao thi dua yeu nuac. K et qua nay la su noi tiep, phat huy truyen thong cua cong tac dan van thong qua cac phong trao thi dua yeu n u a c bang su no luc vao cuoc dong bp cua ca he thong chinh tri a cac cap da gop phan quan trpng vao thuc hien tot cac chu truemg, N ghi quySt cua Dang, chinh sach, phap luat cua N ha nuac. Giai quySt nhung vudng mac, nhung van de lien quan den quyen, Igi ich chinh dang cua nhan dan; tang cuemg khoi dai doan ket toan dan va ciing CO niem tin cua nhan dan vai Dang; tich cue tham gia cong tac xay dung Dang, xay dung he thdng chinh tri viing m anh, thuc day phat triSn kinh t8 - xa hoi, giu vung qu6c phong - an ninh, thuc hipn t6t nhiem vu chinh tri a m oi dia phuong, d an vi./.
T.V.T
NUAN WfN CAC CON WONC lANC V4...
Tiep theo trang 75
tren vung dat moi phai ke den do la nhung chien binh, quan Im, nhung ngudi tien phong trong h ^ trinh m a mang b a c6i qua cac thai dai Ly, Tran, Le, N guyen... Sau khi hoan thanh nhipm vu lich sii cao ca, lap nguai do tu nguyen a lai vung d it moi. Hp tidn hanh kh in hoang diSn tho, tap hop va keu gpi d w dinh den 1 ^ an sinh sdng, l|ip nen phudng hieu, Iw g xa.
Tiep d6n la nhung ngudi nong dan ngh^o kho khong c6 rupng vudn d phia Bac vao lam an sinh song vdi niem hy vpng ude mong se c6 mot tuang lai tuai sdng va tot dep hon nod vung dat mdi. Trong nhung khoang thdi gian nay con c6 m pt bp phan cu dan c6 tien cua ma khong co rudng vudn canh tac cung dugc theo vao. Ben canh do con c6 mpt bp phan khong nho bi bat bupc phai di cu vao Nam dudi thdi nha Le. Do la nhung tu nhan bi ket an luu. Bay gid trong ngu hinh ve luu day dugc chia thanh 3 lorn:
lim can chdu la bi day di cac x u Nghe An, Ha Tmh; luu ngoai chdu la luu di cac XU thupc chau Bo Chinh; luu vien chdu la luu di cac x u Tan Binh.
Thanh phan di c u vao Nam trong boi canh luc bay gid con cd nhung ke trpm cudp, nhung nghich ddng bi phap luat truy duoi da phieu bat d^n day lanh n w . Nhung phan tu bat man xa hoi cung hda chung vao dong ngudi tien vao Nam dd kiem cho dung than...
Tom lai, tCmg do h w g ngudi, xuSt phat tu t h ^ phan va hoan canh khac nhau, bang nhieu ly do va con dudng khde nhau, hp da tmig bude tien dan ve phia nam. Hinh thanh nen cac Iw g xa ton tai va phat trien cho den horn nay. Cong cupc khan hoang buoi dan tap trung noi vung dong bang phu sa mau md, dat bai boi ven cac dong song. Ve sau nhu cau m d rpng va phat trien da Ian dSn ve phia tiy tren vung “Idm loc” dat go doi va md rpng ve phia dong tren vung “tho uoTtg" dat bau dam. Bang cac hoat dong
“tn m g khdn", “thde tho" va lap xa hieu, Ian lugt cac Iw g xa ra ddi da tao nen m pt buc tranh song dong, mpt quang canh sam uSt cho mpt vung dat mdi. Tir m pt vung dSt phen dau bien thiiy day bien dpng den mpt chien trudng ac liet binh dao khoi lua, vdi rat nhieu bien c6 nhung den giua the ky XVI da trd thanh mpt noi do hoi nhu tac gia Duong Van An da tung mieu ta trong O Chdu Can Luc i w g noi day “ non song ky tu, rugng ddt m a mang, nhan dan dong due, thuc Id nai do hoi Ian cua mot phuong.
Canh tu(mg vui tuai, p h ong v^t guy gid con ddu han niea ! ” T.C.N tAil i$ut h a mk h a o
1. Phan Khoang. Viet suxu Dang Trong. Nha xuSt bw Van Hoc, 3 - 2011.
2. TrSn Trong Kim. Viet Nam su lucre. Nha xuat Tong Hop Thanh Ph6 Ho Chi Minh, 3 - 2005.
3. Duong Van An. 0 Chdu Can Luc. Nha xuat ban Chinh Tri Quoc Gia, 3 - 2009.
4. Le Quy D6n. Phti Bien Tap Lye. Nhi xult bin Van Hoa - Th6ng Tin, 2007.
5. Huynh Cong Ba. May dgc diem ve Idngxd Quang Tri, Thica Thien- Hue, Quang Nam, Dd Nang. Nghien Cuu Hue, tap 4 - 2002, tr 72.
6. Van ban Han Nom long xa viing Hue. Nha xult bm Thuan Hoa, 2008.
D ie san Khoa hoc va cong nghe ■ So 2.20 14!
