iHITOKCiNGTHUYSANII
Anh hiFong cua djch benh va thue
chong ban pha gia do! voi cac nha cung cap torn Ion vao thj truing My
T 6 M N H A P K H A U (NK) CHIEM T O I 9 0 % TOM DKSOC TIEU THU TAI MY V O I NGUON CUNG CHU YEU TLf CAC N U O C S A N X U A T TOM LON NHU' INDONEXIA, ECUADO, A N O p , VIET NAM VA THAI LAN.
TRONG D O , INOONEXIA HIEN OANG D A N BAU VE CUNG CAP TOM CHO MY, VA NHIEU KHA NANG SE TIEP TUC DUY TRI V I TRI NAY TRONG NAM NAY NHO DIEU KIEN SAN XUAT T L T O N G DOI THUAN LOI VA KHONG BI ANH HU'DNG BOI THUE CHONG BAN PHA GIA (CBPG).
T
rong 5 thdng dau nam 2014, Inddnexia la nha cung cap tdm hang dau sang My vdi khdi lugng 40.546 tdn, tigp theo la ficuado 37.532 tan. An Dg 33.615 tan, Vi?t Nam 27.759 tan va Thai Lan 21.743 tdn. Tuy nhien, tiong thdng 5NK tdm ciia My tir Eeuado, An Dp va Thdi Lan deu giam so vdi cimg ky nam tnrdc, vdi cae miic tuong ling la 4,4%, 14,17% va 31,12%. Chi rieng Inddnexia va Vi§t Nam cd su tang trudng tdm NK vao My, lan lugt la 16,91% va 47,74%.
Inddnexia va Eeuado - Khong chju EMS va thue CBPG
Trong khi cdc nudc san xua't tdm ldn khde nhu Thai Lan va Vi?t Nam bi anh hudng ngng ne tii Hgi chiing Tdm chet sdm (EMS) va thue CBPG ciia My,
i^.^^iA^M -i»i
Tim NK Hr An Oft ThU LanviiVi(t Nam lang dtmg (nnhr nguy ca bf My er
IHJCNG MN IHJV SlIN / SO 175> 178 / THWG 7>Sf2014 1 1 1
ITHJTRL/CJNGTHUYSAN
thi viec nam ngoai Iuong xoay ciia EMS va thue' CBPG da giiip nganh XK tdm cua Inddnexia va Eeuado cd nhung budc nhdy ngoan mye tien thi trudng My.
Inddnexia tir vi tri nha XK tdm ldn thii 3 vao My nam 2013 vuon Ien vi tri dan dau trong 5 thdng dau nam nay va Eeuado tir vi tri thii 4 len thii 2.
Thang 3/2014, My da cdng bd' miie thue' CBPG so bp ciia dpt xem xet hanh chinh lan thii 8 (POR8) giai doan tir 1/2/2012 deh 31/1/2013 ddi vdi tdm NK tir An Dd, Vi^t Nam va Thai Lan. Miic thue'mdi tang cao so vc3i giai doan trudc (PORT), ne'u dugc giii nguyen tiong ke't luan cudi cimg ciia POR8, se tao them nhieu dp Iyc cho cdc nudc dang canh tranh vdi Inddnexia va Eeuado tiong cung ca'p tdm cho My, tir do tgo dieu kien thuan Igi eho XK tdm cua hai nudc vao thi trudng nay.
Nhu cau tu My gia tang da day gia tdm tgi An Dp, Thdi Lan, Inddnexia va Viet Nam len cao tiong thdng 6 vira qua. Viee My ha bac Thai Lan trong bdo cao ve tinh tiang budn ngudi ciing cd the tdc ddng Ien gia tdm cua cdc nguon eung khae, bao gom An Dp, Inddnexia, Viet Nam va Eeuado. Dieu nay cd the khien XK toio cnia Thai Lan sang My bi anh huong hon niia.
Tuy nhien/' thdi gian gan
^v da xuat hi^n cdc bao cao ve
•,'• : ^ , ^ ^ S ' ^ ^ ^ t r ^ g tien torn .;• " ' *^' /tiddnexia. T^Sng
•'• ' . iiSU'oi nudi tdm n,
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">'-ichkhitomdatc6 2o'T -nng hien nay cacao
' ^ 6 ; IMWJG7+B/2014
N K torn cua M y t u cac nha c u n g cap Ion nhat t r o n g 5 thang dau nam 2014 (tan)
nudi dang thu hoach d cd 60, 70, nguySn nhan co thS' do dieh benh khien tdm khdng the ldn.
An Do - Ap lyc tCr thue CBPG
Theo TS George Chamberlain, Chu tich Lien minh Nudi trong Thuy san Toan cau (GAA), ve tinh hinh EMS mua xuan nam nay, eac bao cao gan day tir An Dp kha kha quan khi cdc xet nghidm tgi eae tigi nudi tdm d Andhra Pradesh va Tamil Nadu cho tha'y "khdng co dm hieu ciia EMS". Cde xet nghiem nay do TS Lightner thugc Dgi hge Arizona gidm sdt, dng ehinh la ngudi phat hi^n ra tdc nhan gay benh va xay dung cdc phuong thiic xet nghiem ADN cho benh nay.
Khdng bi anh hudng bdi dich EMS nhung nganh tdm An Dp lgi chiu dp lyc tir viec My ap thu§' CBPG ddi vdi tdm NK. Trong ke't qua eudi cimg eiia POR7 vao thang 9 nam ngoai, Bg Thucmg mgi My (DOC) cdng bd' 2 tiong 3 cong ty ciia An Dp khdng ban phd gid tdm va quye't dinh miic thue CBPG 0% cho 2 DN nay.
\'iet Nam Thai Lan Tuy nhien, tiong ke't qud so bo ciia POR8, DOC lai xac djnh tat ca cdc cdng ty An Dp da ban pha gia tdm vao thi trydng My.
Do do, 3 nha XK nay cd nguy CO chiu miie thue CBPG tir 1,97- 3,01%, trong dd Cdng ty Falcon Marine nhgn miic thue so bg la 3,01%. N§'u DOC dp miic thue nay tiong quye't dinh cudi cimg thi day se la thue'CBPG cao nhat ddi vdi Falcon ke tir dpt xem xet hanh chinh dau tien.
Tir vi tri nha cung c§p torn hang dau cho My tiong nam 2013, An Do tyt hgng xudng vi tri thii 3 ticmg 5 tiiang dau nam 2014.
Viet Nam va Thai Lan -
"Nan nhan" cua djch EMS va thue CBPG
EMS lan dau tien dugc phat hien d Tmng Quoc vao nam 2009, bimg phdt d Viet Nam nam 2010, va xuat hi#n d Thdi Lan nam 2012. Tinh den nay. Thai Lan la qud'c gia chju thi^t hgi ngng ne nhat eiia dich bpnh nay.
Theo TS George Chamberlain, tai nhieu trai nudi torn d Thai Lan, ty 1| that bgi len den tren
THI TRUCING THUY SAN I
30% trong 40 ngay nudi dau tien.
Ngoai ra, thai tie't lanh tiong ba thdng dau nam nay da k h i ^ san lugng tdm nudi syt giam cdn khoang 30.000 tan so vdi 100.000 tail nam ngoai.
Tai Vi^ Nam, khi tim ra nguyen nhan gay benh, nhieu DN ldn da Idem sodt dugc didi benh, nganh tdm tgn dyng dugc co hdi nguon cung cnia cac nudc XK tdm ldn nhu Thai Lan syt gidm.
Biic tianh dm dam nhat ve tinh hinh sdn xuat va XK tdm dang di&i ra tgi Thai Lan. Trung tam Nghidn eiiu thi trudng Kasikor^ (Thdi Lan) vira dua ra cdnh bdo cho rang, nam 2014 se
la nam thii 3 lien tie'p tong gid tri XK tdm aia nudc nay syt gidm.
Ben canh dich b|nh, XK tdm ciia Thai Lan ciing bi dnh hudng nghiem trpng do bi My ha bac tiong bdo eao ve tinh tiang budn ngudi va eao bu^c ve lam dyng lao dgng trong nganh tiiuy sdn.
Trong thdng 5, NK tdm cnia My tii Thai Lan dgt 3.840 tan, giam 31,12% so v6i cimg ky nam ngodi va thap hon mdt niia so vdi lugng NK tnia Inddnexia va Eeuado. Ngupc lai, NK tdm eiia Viet Nam vao My tiong thdng 5 tang 47,74% so vdi eimg ky nam ngoai, dat 5.443 tdn.
Vg thue CBPG ciia My, tat cd
LkiUlMji^-^
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^ ^ tT6m NK chilm ldi 90% ldm tfi/pc tiiu ihv t?i My vai nguSn cung chu yiu lu ldm ldn Mn thfgim nhir Inddnexia. tcuado. An £>(S, Vi^ Nam vd Thai Lan
cae DN XK tdm cua Thdi Lan va Viet Nam deu nhgn miic thue' 0% trong dgt xem xet POR7. Tuy nhien, trong ket qua so bg POR8, miic thug' CBPG dm vdi Viet Nam va Thdi Lan tang ky lyc.
Cdc nha XK tdm Viet Nam diing tnrdc nguy co bi dp thue CBPG cao nhat tu trudc deh nay, trong dd Cdng ty CP Tap doan Thiiy san Minh Phii (MPC) chiu miic tiiue 4,98%, Cdng ty CP Thiiy san Sdc Trang (Stapimex) 9,75%
va cac cdng ty bi don khac 6,37%.
Cde DN XK tdm ciia Thai Lan chiu miic thue so bg 1,1%.
Tir vi tri thii 2 ve cung cap tdm cho My trong nam 2013, Thai Lan tyt xud'ng vj tri thii 5 (sau Inddnexia, Eeuado, An Dd va Vipt Nam) tiong 5 thang dau nam 2014, trong khi Viet Nam tang hang tir vi tri thii 5 len thii 4.
Nlun chung, Inddnexia, Eeuado va An Gq la nhiing nha eung ca'p tdm ti&n nang nhat cho My trong nam 2014 nhd nam ngoai ludng xoay EMS. Trdi lgi, nganh tdm Thdi Lan dugc dy doan se tie'p tyc syt giam gia tri XK do bj anh hirdng nang ne bdi dich EMS, cdc cao bugc Igm dyng lao ddng trong nganh thiiy san ciing nhu nguy co bi dp tiiue CBPG tiong POR8. XK tdm cnia Viet Nam sang My tiong 5 thdng dau nam nay chiing kie'n sy tang trudng dang ke nhung nganh tdm se gap khd ne'u DOC quye't dinh giii nguyen miic thue' CBPG qud cao tiong phdn quyet cudi eimg ciia POR8 tiong thdi gian tdi. •
Phucmg Thdo tong h<?p
I THI TRUCJNG THUY SAN
thi viec nam ngoai luong xoay aia EMS va thue CBPG da giiip nganh XK tdm eua Inddnexia va Eeuado cd nhiing budc nhdy ngoan myc tien thi trudng My.
Inddnexia tir vi tri nha XK tdm ldn thii 3 vao My nam 2013 vuon len vi tri ddn dau trong 5 thdng dau nam nay va Eeuado tir vi tri tiiii 4 Ien thii 2.
Thang 3/2014, My da cdng bd' muc thue' CBPG so bp ciia dgt xem xet hanh chinh laii thii 8 (POR8) giai doan tir 1/2/2012 d§h 31/1/2013 ddi vdl tdm NK tir An Dd, Viet Nam va Thdi Lan. Miic thue' mdi tang eao so vdi giai dogn trude (POR7), ne'u dupc giii nguyen tiong ket luan cud'i eimg oia POR8, se tgo them nhieu dp Iyc cho cac nudc dang cgnh tianh vdi Inddnexia va Eeuado trong cung cap tdm cho My, tir dd tgo dieu ki^n thuan lpi cho XK tdm cua hai nudc vao thi trudng nay.
Nhu ca'u tii My gia tang da day gia tdm tgi An Dp, Thdi Lan, Inddnexia va Viet Nam len cao tiong thdng 6 vira qua. Vi?e My ha bac Thai Lan trong bao eao ve tlnh trang budn ngudi eiing cd the tac dpng len gid tdm oia cac ngudn cung khde, bao gdm An Dp, Inddnexia, Viet Nam va Eeuado. Dieu nay cd the khie'n XK tdm aia Thdi Lan sang My bi anh hudng hem. niia.
Tuy nhien, thdi gian gan day da xuat hien rdc bao cdo ve hgi chiing doin tran.^ tien tdm (WSSV) tgi Inddnexi.: Thdng thudng, ngudi nudi tdm o .^rac nay tiiu hogch khi tdm dgt cd...
30 va 40, nhung hi^n nay eac ao
1 1 2 TH/CHG I M I I H I V SAN / sO 175+176 / TKWJG 7+8^)14
N K torn cua M y ttt cac nha c u n g cap ldn nhat trong 5 thang dau nam 2014 (tan)
Viet Nam Thai Lan nudi dang thu hogch d cd 60, 70,
nguyen nhan cd the do dich benh khie'n tdm khdng the ldn.
An Do - Ap lire tip thue CBPG
Theo TS George Chamberlain, Chii tieh Lien minh Nudi tidng Thiiy san Toan ca'u (GAA), ve tinh hinh EMS miia xuan nam nay, cae bao cdo gan ddy tir Xn Do kha kha quan khi cac xet nghiem tai edc trgi nudi tdm d Andhra Pradesh va Tamil Nadu cho thay "khdng co dau hieu ciia EMS". Cac xet nghiem nay do TS Lightner thugc Dai hoc Arizona giam sat, dng chinh la ngudi phdt hien ra tdc nhan gay benh va xay dyng cde phucmg thiic xet nghiem ADN cho benh nay.
Khdng bi anh hudng bdi dich EMS nhung nganh tdm An Dp lai chiu ap Iuc tir viec My dp thue' CBPG ddi vdi tdm NK. Trong ket qud eudi cimg ciia POR7 vao thang 9 nam ngoai, Bp Thuang mgi My (DOC) cdng bd 2 tiong 3 cdng ty aia An Dg khdng ban phd gia tdm va quyet dinh miic thue CBPG 0% eho 2 DN nay.
Tuy nhien, trong k§t qua so bp cua POR8, DOC lai xdc dinh tat cd cac cdng ty An Do da ban pha gia tom vao tiii trudng My.
Do do, 3 nha XK nay cd nguy CO chiu miic tiiue'CBPG hi 1,97- 3,01%, trong dd Cdng ty Falcon Marine nhgn miic thue* so bp la 3,01%. Neil DOC dp miic thu^
nay tiong quyet dinh cudi cimg thi day se la thue CBPG cao nhat ddi vdi Falcon ke tir dgt xem xet hanh chmh dau tien.
Tir vi tri nha cung cap tdm hang dau eho My tiong nam 2013, An Dg tyt hgng xudng vi tri thii 3 tiong 5 thang dau nam 2014.
Viet Nam va Thai Lan -
"Nan nhan" cOa djch EMS va thu^ CBPG
EMS lan dau tien dugc phat hi^n d Trung Quoc vao nam 2009, bimg phdt d Vi^t Nam ndm 2010, va xuat h i ^ d Thai Lan ndm 2012. Tinh den nay, Thdi Lan la qudc gia chju thi^t hai ngng ne nhat cnia djch b?nh nay.
Theo TS George Chambedai^
tgi nhieu tigi nudi tdm d Thdi Lan, ty 1^ that bai len den tren
T H I TRUCING THUY SAN I
30% trong 40 ngay nudi dau tien.
Ngoai ra, thdi tigt lanh tiong ba tiidng dSu nam nay da khi«i san lugng tdm nudi sut gidm cdn khoang 30.000 tan so vdi 100.000 tan nam ngodi.
Tgi Vi|t Nam, khi tim ra nguyen nhdn gay benh, nhieu DN ldn da ki€in sodt dugc dich benh, nganh tdm tdn dyng duge ca hpi ngu&i cung ciia eac nude XK tdm ldn nhu Thdi Lan syt giam.
Biic tianh am dam nhat ve tinh hinh sdn xuat va XK tdm dang diSn ra tgi Thdi Lan. Tnmg tam Nghi&i eiiu ihi trudng Kasikor^" (Thdi Lan) vira dua ra cdnh bao cho rang, nam 2014 se
la nam thii 3 lien tiep tdng gia tr;
XK tdm cua nudc nay sut giam.
Ben canh dich b^nh, XK ^ m cua Thai Lan eiing bj dnh hudng nghiem trgng do bj My ha bac ticmg bao cao ve tinh tigng budn ngudi va cao bu^c ve Igm dyng lao dgng tiong nganh thuy san.
Trong thang 5, NK tdm cua My tii Thai Lan dgt 3.840 tan, giam 31,12% so vdi cimg ky nam ngodi va thap hon mgt niia so vdi lugng NK ciia Inddnexia va Eeuado. Ngugc lai, NK tdm cua Viet Nam vao My tiong thang 5 tang 47,74% so vdi cimg ky nam ngoai, dgt 5.443 tan.
Ve thue CBPG oia My, tat ea
Tdm NK chiHn lit 90% Hhtt dtigc ttSu Ihff tgi My w*f nguon cung chii yeu tii tOm ldn tren Ihtgidi nhtt IniSnixia, tcuado, An D^, Vi$l Nam vd Thdi Lan.
cac DN XK tdm ciia Thai Lan va Viet Nam deu nhan miic thue' 0% tiong dgt xem xet POR7. Tuy nhien, tiong ket qud so bg POR8, miic thue CBPG ddi vdi ^^let Nam va Thdi Lan tang ky lye.
Cae nha XK tdm Vi?t Nam diing trudc nguy co bj ap thue' CBPG cao nhat tir trudc deh nay, trong dd Cdng iy CP Tap doan Thuy san Minh Phii (MPC) chju miic thug' 4,98%, Cdng ty CP Thiiy sdn Sdc Trang (Stapimex) 9,75%
va cdc cdng ty bj don khac 6,37%.
Cac DN XK tdm ciia Thai Lan chju miic thue'sabg 1,1%.
Tir vj tri thii 2 ve cung cap tdm cho My trong nam 2013, Thai Lan tyt xuong vi tri thii 5 (sau Inddnexia, Eeuado, An Dp va Vi?t Nam) tiong 5 thang dau nam 2014, trong khi Vi?t Nam tang hang tir vj tri thii 5 len thii 4.
Nhin chung, Inddnexia, Eeuado va An Dp Id nhiing nha cung cap tdm tiem nang nhat cho My tiong nam 2014 nhd nam ngoai luong xoay EMS. Trai lai, nganh tdm Thai Lan duge dy doan se tie'p tyc syt gidm gid tri XK do bi dnh hudng ngng ne bdi djch EMS, cdc cdo bugc lam dyng lao dgng trong nganh thuy sdn cung nhu nguy co bi dp thue CBPG trong POR8. XK tdm ciia Viet Nam sang My tiong 5 thang dau nam nay chiing kie'n sy tang trudng dang ke nhung nganh tdm se ggp khd ne'u DOC quyet djnh giii nguyen miic thue' CBPG qua cao tiong phdn quyet cudi cimg aia P0R8 tiong thdi gian tdi. •
Phuang Thdo tong hap
I H U O f t t M I T H f f S j S d / S l l 175+176/ IMANO 7+8(2014 1 1 3
