•CHOA HOC C O N G NGHE
AIXIH HUQIXIG CUA CAIXIH TAC B A P RAU THEO TIEU CHUAIXI GLOBALGAP DEIXI MOT SO DAC TllXlH
LY-HOA VA SIIXIH HOC DAT
Tdt Anh Thu, Vo Thi Guong, Ll Khanh Lmh^
T6MTAT
Muc dich cua de tai nhdm danh gia su thay doi dp phi nhieu dat vl mat ly - hoa hpc va sinh hoc ddt qua canh tac cSy bap rau theo hSu chuan GlobalGAP tai huySn Chp Moi - An Giang. Miu dat ciia hai nhom nong ho canh tac cay bdp (ngd) rau tifiu chu^ GlobalGAP va theo canh tac truyen thdng duoc thu vao hai thoi diem truoc khi gieo trdng (dat dau vu) va sau khi gieo dupc 25 ngay dl phan tich mpt sd cac chi tieu hoa hoc va smh hgc ddt. Ket qua cho thay dac tinh dat vao dau vu canh tdc khong khac biet giua hai nhom. Tuy nhien, vao giira vu canh tac, canh tac theo ti6u chuan GlobalGAP giup cai thien co y nghia do bin cau tnie ddt, dung trpng dat tang pH dat, ham Iuong chat huu co, lan huu dung, dam huu ca dl phan buy, mat sd nam va mat sd vi sinh vat cd kha nSng phSn buy xenlulo trong dat so voi dat canh tac bdp rau theo truyln thdng, Nang suat hdp rau d nhom canh tac theo tifiu chuan GlobaGAP cao khac bidt cd y nghia so voi nhom canh tac bdp rau tbeo truyln thdng.
Tir khda: Bip rau, GlobalGAP, phi nbieu dit, sinh hoc dat, nang suat
1 . MO DAU
Thuc hien quy trinh canh tdc theo tilu chuan GlobalGAP (thuc hanh ndng nghiip tdt todn cau), thdn thiln vdi mdi trudng Id su phat triln cdn thilt tihdm dap ling nhu cau bao dam an todn cho ngudi tilu diing va bao v l mdi tnrdng. Dd la cdc biln phdp ky thudt tdng hpp nhu: Quan ly dmh dtrdng qua tang :tidng bdn phan hiiu ca, giam Iirgng bdn phdn hda [igc; dp dung cdc quy trinh phdng trir dich hai tdng tigp, giam sdu benh; giam su dung thudc hda hpc, uu
;ien su diing thudc cd ngudn gdc sinh hgc. Ky thuat
;anh tac nay dap ting ylu cau ciia thi tnrdng the gidi i'l xuat khdu san phdm ndng nghiip. Ky thudt canh Ac bdp rau theo Ueu chuan GlobalGAP da dupc dp iung thanh cdng vd dugc chiing nhan trong canh tdc jdp rau d xd My An huyen Chg' Mdi, An Giang. Theo dido sdt cua Nguyin Duy Can vi ctv. (2013) canh tac )ap rau theo tilu chuln GlobalGAP d khu vuc nay lugc doanh nghiip vd chinh quyen dia phtrang rat iuan tdm, thu hut ngudi dan tham gia do nhimg lgi ch v l moi trudng, sti hd trg- ky thuat cua cac nhd choa hpc va hilu qua kinh t l cao mang lai cho nong ian. Bin canh cac lgi ich trin thi vdn d l ddt ra Id mo unh canh tac bdp rau dat tilu chuan GlobalGAP cd tiup cai thiln dugc dp phi nhilu dat theo hudng canh ac b i n vung khdng? Bk: tai nghiin ctm dupc thuc uen nham danh gid su cai thiln mdt sd dac tinh ly
(Choa Nong nghiep & SHl/D - Dai hpc Cin Tha
hoa hpc va sinh hpc ddt qua dp dung ky thudt canh tdc theo tieu chudn GlobalGAP, su dung phan hiiu ca k i t hgp giam phan vd co so vdi ky thuat canh tdc truyln thdng trong khu vuc nghiin ciiu.
2 . NGUYEN VAT UEU VA PHUUNG PHAP NGHIEN CUU Nghiin Clhl dugc thuc hien tai xa My An, huyln Chg' Mdi, tinh An Giang. Ddy Id xa nam trong khu vuc de bao, cd diln tich trdng bdp rau Idn nhat huyln. Mdu dat dupc thu theo hai nhdm nong hp vdi canh tac theo ky thudt truyln thdng vd theo tilu chuan GlobalGAP. M5i mo hinh canh tac dugc chgn 5 rupng trdng bdp rau d l thu mdu dat. Ddt dugc thu vdo hai thdi diem chinh Id thdi dilm ddu vu (truac khi gieo hat) va thdi giiia vu tuong iing vdi giai doan cdy bap dupc 25 ngdy sau khi gieo. Mdi mong bdp dugc tiiu ngdu nhiln 5 mdu ddt sau dd k i t hgp Iai thanh mdt mdu. Ddt dugc thu bdng khoan tay d dO sau 0-20 cm. Mdu ddt sau khi thu dugc mang ve phong phan tich phoi khd d nhiet do phdng. Mdu dat sau khi khd duoc nghien mm qua rdy 0,5 mm d l phdn tich cac chi tilu thdnh phan cap hat, dung trgng dat, dp b i n cdu tnie dat. pH, deim va Idn hiiu dung, dam hiiu ca d i phan huy, chdt hiiu ca. kha ndng hap phli cation trong dat (CEC), tdng vi sinh vdt trong dat, vi sinh vat phdn huy xenlulo.
2.1. Phuang phap phdn tich mdu dat Cic chi tieu hda hqc dat: PHH2O (1:2,5) dupc do bang pH k l (Baties, 1995; Thomas, 1996); chat hihi ca dugc xdc dinh theo phuong phap Wallkley- Black, J 6 N G NGHIEP VA PHAT TRIEN NONG THON - KY 2 - THANG 11/2014 41
(Walkley va Black, 1934; Nelson vd Sonuners, 1996).
Dam hiiu dung tiong dat dugc ly trich bdng KCI 2 M theo ti 111:10 (w/v). Ham luong dam cd trong dung dich sau khi ly trich dugc xac dinh theo phuong phap so mau. Dam hiru ca d i phan hiiy (N labUe) dugc xac dinh theo phuong phap ciia Curtin va Wen (1999). Dam hflu ca d l phan huy chinh Id hieu cua dam NH4* _N dun ndng tni di NH^* _N trich bang KCI 2 N. Lan di tilu cd trong ddt dugc xdc dinh theo phuong phdp Olsen vdi ty ll ddt vd dung dich trich NaHCOs 0,5 M (pH = 8,5) Id 1:20. Thanh phan ca gidi dugc xdc dinh theo phuong phdp dng hut Robinson (Klute, 1986) de phdn tich cdc cap hat khac nhau dua vao dinh luat Stoke. TI l l cdt, thit, set dugc xac dinh, tinh toan va phan Ioai sa cdu ddt theo USDA/Soil Taxonomy. Chi sd dO ben cau tnie ddt dupc xdc dinh theo phuong phap ray udt va ray kho (Marguez va ctv., 2004). Dung trgng dat Id khdi Iupng the tich dat kho kilt dugc phdn Igai theo Grossman vd Remch (2002).
Chi tidu smh hoc dat Mat sd vi sinh vat (nam) dugc xac dinh bang phuang phdp dim true tilp sd Iupng cdc khuan lac phdt t n l n trin mdi trudng thach - khoai tdy (PDA- Potati) dextio agar). Moi trudng Hutchinsion - Clayton cd bd sung them 1% CMC (Cacboxila Metyla xenluloza) dimg de nudi cay vd xac dinh mat sd vi sinh vat phdn huy xenlulo (Subba Rao, 1984; Uhich vd ctv., 2008). Nang sudt bap rau dugc ghi nhdn thdng qua dilu tra phdng van cac nhdm nong hO da dupc thu mdu dat.
2.2. Xulysdiilu
Tat ca cdc sd Heu thu thdp dupc xu Iy vd tinh toan bang chuong trinh Microsoft Excel 2003; phdn mem SPSS 13.5 dugc su dung d l kilm dinh T-test so sdnh su khdc bilt ve mot so dac tinh dat, mat sd vi sinh vdt vd nang suat trai giiia hai nhdm nghiin ciiu.
3. KET QUA VA THAO LOAN
3.1. Tdng quan v l tinh hinh canh tdc bap rau tiii xdMS^An
Kit qua khao sat cho thdy cd hai gidng bap rau dugc ndng dan su dung la gidng S(^22 (gidng bdp rdu do) vd gidng Amazmg (gidng ran trdng). Hiln tai cd hai nhdm ndng ddn canh tdc cdy bdp rau theo tilu chuan GlobalGAP vd canh tdc theo ldi truyln thdng.
Nong ddn canh tdc theo ldi truyln thdng cd khoang 80% khdng su dung phdn hiiu co; cac hO cd bdn phan phan hun ca thi su dung phdn bd dugc phoi khd.
Lirong phan bdn vd ca d cdc ndng hd canh tdc theo ldi truyln thdng thirdng cao hon rdt nhilu so vdi cac nong ho canh tdc tiieo tieu chuan GlobalGAP (Bang 1). Tdt ca ndng hg canh tdc bap rau theo tilu chu4n GlobalGAP diu cd sir dung phan huu ca ba bim mia va phdn bd u hoai dting ky thudt. k i t hop bdn phSn v6 ca cdn ddi.
Bang 1: Lirgng phdn bon dugc sii dung a hai mfl hinh canh tac
Ky thudtcanh tac GlobalGAP Truyen thdng
Lugng phdn bdn 84 N - 30 PjOg - 45 KaO + 1 tdn phan
ba bun mia I6ON-II5P2O5-6OK2O 3.2. Dac tinh ddt ddu vu ctia hai mo hinh canh tdc cay bdp rau
Kit qua dugc trinh bdy d- bang 2 cho thay dat dau vu ciia hai nhdm md hinh canh tdc cdy bdp rau cd ham lugng chat huu ca trong ddt thap (Homeck va ctv., 2011), CEC trong dat dat gid tri trung binh theo thang ddnh gia cua Landon (1991); ngudn dmh dudng hiru dung nhu dam vd Idn dugc ddnh gia M cao (Marx va ctv., 1996). Cd hai md hinh canh tac deu cd pH dat dugc ddnh gid Id chua viia theo Brady vd Weil (2002).
Bang 2: MOt sd ddc tinh hda hgc ddt trin hai nhdm canh tdc theo tieu chudn GlobalGAP vd tiieo truyln
thdng Die dnh dat
pH™„ (1:2,5) Chat him ca CEC Liinhmi dung Dam amon Dam mtrat N huu ca dS phan hiiv
(%C) (cmol/kg)
( m g P / k g ) (mgNH,*- N / k g (mgNO,-- N / k g (rag NH,-_N/kg
Ky thuat c a n h l i e A p d u n g GlobalGAP 6,11 + 0,09 2,80 + 0,15 17,20 + 0,55 101,55+ 1,75 4,02 ± 0.13 50,39 ± 5,05 5,03 ± 0,49
Truyen th^ng 5,59 + 0,05 1,45 + 0,05 17,10 + 0,45 114,20 + 3,49 4,74 + 0,12 80,32 ± 4,90 3,22 ± 0 3 7 K e t q u a p h a n Uch m o t s o c h i H i u v a t l y d a t dSu v u ( B a n g 3) c h o t h a y c a h a i m o h i n h c a n h t a c b i p r a u CO d u n g t r o n g d a t n a m t r o n g k h o a n g 1,2&- 1,30 g / c m ' d u o c x e m la d a t b n g u o n g b i n e n d e . Dung t r o n g d a t c o lien q u a n t r u e tiep d ^ n h a m l u o n g chat h i m c a , h o a t d o n g vi s i n h vat, k e t c a u d a t a n h h u o n g
42 NONG NGHIEP VA PHAT TRIEN NONG THON - KY 2 - THANG 11/2014
KHOA HOC C O N G NGHl
true Ulp den su phat triln cua r l cay trong, tinh trang thodng khi, dO toi xdp vd nen de cua dat. Dung trgng ddt thich hpp cho ddt canh tdc ndng nghiep biln dpng trong khoang 1,0-1.25 g/cm^. n l u dung trgng Ion hon 1,25 g/cm^, dat bi nen de, suih truang vd ndng sudt cay trdng giam (Mustafayev, 2012).
Bdng 3: MOt sd ddc tinh vdt ]^ ddt titn hai nhdm canh tdc flieo tilu chuan GlobalGAP va theo truyen
thdng
Iupng Idn d i tieu la 4,25%, Ca tdng sd (CaO) la 4,96%.
Do dd phan huu co giup pH dat gia tang ddng ke so vol khong bdn phan hiru ca.
IT
1 2 3
Chi tieu phan tich
Dung trong DobenkAciu(SQ) Cap hat
• Cat (0,05-2 mm)
• Thit (0,002-0,05 mm)
• Set (<0,002 mm) Donvj
g/cnf
%
Ky Ihuat canh tic GlobalGAP
1,28±0,09 45 ±3.46 2,15±1,53 42,3+2,11 54.7+2.55
Truyen thong 1,30+0,07 55+5.46 2,75+1,32 45,45+4,87 51,80+5,03 Chi sd do b i n cdu tnie ddt cflng dugc xem Id chi sd quan trgng d l ddnh gid dac tinh vdt Iy dat. Kit qua dupc trinh bdy d bang 3 cho thay, chi sd dO bin cdu tnie dat cua hai kieu mo hinh canh tdc diu rdt tiiap. tiiap hon 70 (Le Van Khoa. 2012; Ll Vdn Khoa vd Nguyin Vdn Be Ti, 2013). Dieu nay cho tiiay dat cd nguy ca mdt k i t cdu, su phat triln ciia r i cay gap trd ngai, dat cd nguy co hi xdi mdn, ddng vdng b l mat dat trong qud trinh tudi nudc hoac do mua.
Thanh phdn co gidi ddt cd anh hirdng rdt ldn den tinh chat dat vd cdy trdng, cd vai trd quan trgng trong vile quan Iy vd su dung dat. Ket qua phdn tich (Bang 3) cho thdy sa cau dat chii ylu Id set va thit, ham lupng cdt chilm ty l l rdt i t Theo tam gidc phdn loai USDA thi ca hai mo hinh canh tdc bap rau cd thanh phdn CO gidi ddt thuOc nhdm set pha thit (McKenzie vi ctv., 2002) thudn Igi cho viec canh tdc cdy bdp rau.
3.3. Anh huong cua ky thudt canh tdc theo GlobalGAP din d ^ tinh hda hgc dat
- pH di't Kit qua dtrpc trinh bay d hinh 1 cho thdy cd su khdc biet v l gid tri pH dat trin ca hai md hinh canh tdc. Gia tri pH ddt a mo hinh canh tac dp dung GlobalGAP cao hon so vdi canh tac theo truyln thdng. Dilu ndy cd the do ky thuat canh tdc theo chuan GlobalGAP cd su dung phdn hiiu co gidu ham Iugng Ian vd canxi giup gia tang pH dat so vdi khdng dp dting GlobalGAP. Kit qua ndy phu hgp vdi nghiin Clhl ctia Hd Vdn Thilt (2006) va Duong Minh Viin vd ctv. (2011) trong phdn huu ca bd bim mia cd ham
Hmh 1: Su khdc bilt v l gid tri pH trin hai md hinh canh tdc cdy bdp rau
- Chit htiu CO ti-ong di't Kit qua tiinh bdy d hinh 2 cho thdy cd sir khdc biet cd y nghia thdng ke ve hdm lupng chdt huu co trong dat. Md hinh canh tac bap theo tilu chuln GlobalGAP cd ham lirgng chdt hiiu ca cao, khdc biet f nghia so vdi md hinh canh tdc cay bdp rau theo truyen thdng. Bdn phdn huu c a qua cdc vu canh tdc giup tdng chat hiiu co trong dat cd y nghia (Duong Minh Viin va ctv., 2011). Theo Anne vd ctir. (2010) hdm Iupng chdt huu CO trong dat dugc tich liiy tir qua trinh canh tac cd bdn phdn hflu c a Id rat quan trgng, tuy chat huu c a trong dat cd giam di do su phdn hiiy trong ddt Ham lugng chat hiru co trong dat cao giup cai thiln dac tinh Iy, hda, sinh hgc vd cung cap dinh dudng cho cdy trdng (Mdder vi ctv., 2002)
5.0
^ 3.0
1.0
.\pth
P
1ji^Glcba
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G.\P
-
= " • " - » " ° ,,„«
Hinh 2: Su thay ddi hdm Iugng chat hihi ca trong dat trin hai md hinh canh tdc cdy bdp rau - Him lupng lin hiru dung: Hdm lugng Ian huu dtrng trong ddt d' md hinh canh tac cdy bdp rau cd dp dung tilu chudn GlobalGAP cao hon, cd y nghia so vdi md hinh canh tdc truyen tiidng (hinh 3).
N 6 N G NGHIEP V A PHAT TRIEN N O N G T H 6 N - KY 2 - THANG 11/2014
43
ill III ii 1
|.i|i^ii1!i
i i ' i i h i
~
Ap diicig GlobalG;\P Ciuih tac ttiiyen tlioiig
100 - —
.\p dung GlobfilG.AP
Hinh 4; Su thay ddi hdm Iupng dam hau dung trong ddt trin hai mo hinh canh tdc cdy b%) rau - Bam htm co dd phin huy i^i^bdJ- Ham lugng dam hihi ca d i phdn huy d md hinh canh tdc cay bap rau cd dp dung tieu chuan GlobalGAP cao hon va khac bilt cd y nghia thdng k l so vdi md hinh canh tdc cay bap rau theo Idi truyln thdng (khdng dp dung tilu chudn GlobalGAP) (hinh 5). Dieu nay cho thay viec bdn phdn hiiu ca dd giup gia tang dang k l Iupng dam hiiu ca d l phan huy trong dat. Dam hihi ca d i
phdn hiiy Id ngudn dam d l dang chuyin thdnh dam huu dung, cung cdp dgm cho cdy trdng.
1 •'"
1 '•"
1 1.0
I ^
. \ p dimg GlolialG.-VP '.•aiili -b
i
1J 'Z.
Hmh 3; Su tiiay ddi ham Iugng Ian hiiu dung trong ddt trin hai md hinh canh tac cdy bdp rau
Ham luong dam him dung trong dat Ham Iugng dam hflu dung trong ddt a md hinh canh tac cay bap rau theo tieu chudn GlobalGAP thap va khac bilt cd y nghia thdng ke so voi md hinh canh tac truyln thdng (Hinh 4). Dieu ndy do ndng ddn d md hinh canh tdc truyln thdng da su dung lugng phan bdn vo CO cao (160 kg N/ha), cao gdp ddi md hinh canh tdc dp dung tieu chuan GlobalGAP, ddy la ylu td dua den hdm lupng dam hum dung trong dat cao, d i bdc hoi vd rua trdi mdt dam.
Hirtii 5: Hdm Iugng d?im hiiu c a d§ phan htiy trong ddt trin hai md hinh canh tdc cay bdp rau c6 dp dung
va khdng dp dung GlobalGAP 3.4. Mpt sd dac tinh sinh hgc dat
- Mit sd ndm trong dat: Kit qua dugc trinh bdy a hinh 6 cho thay mat sd ndm trong dat cao co y nghia trong md hinh canh tac GlobalGAP. Bdn phSn hiiu ca, giam lupng phan v6 cava can ddi dinh duong NPK da giup tang mat sd vi sinh vat trong dat m^t cdch ddng ke. Sir phdt trien vd boat ddng cua vi sinh vat dat anh hudng rat cd lgi v l dO phi nhilu va dSc tmh vat Iy dat va su phdt tiiln cua cay trdng (Hill vh c/K,2000). Kit qua nghiin ctiu nay phu hpp voi nghiin cuu trudc day cua Ngd Thi Hong Lien vaVa Thi Guong (2007); Vo Thi Guong vi ctir. (2010) bon phdn hflu ca giup tang cudng hpat dOng ctia vi sinh vdt tiong dat, giup mdt sd vi sinh vdt gia tdng dang ke.
Hinh 6: Su thay ddi m | t sd nam ti:^n 2 md hinh canh tdc dp dung vd khdng dp dyng GlobalGAP
Cac cong trinh nghien ciiu cua Perezet ra ctv. (2006), Chu vi ctv. (2007) k i t Iuan rdng vile cung cap phdn hiiu ca vdo dat cd anh huang rat ldn N6NG NGHIEP VA PHAT TRIEN NONG TH6N - KY 2 - THANG n/2014
KHOA HOC C O N G NGHfi
den cpng ddng vi sinh vdt ddt va anh hudng true tilp din su phat t n l n ciia vi sinh vdt ddt Su phat triln da dang vd tang mdt sd vi sinh vat ddt cd y nghia quan trgng anh hudng din chu trinh chat dinh dudng vd kilm soat dich hai phat smh tii moi trudng daL
Mat sd vi sinh vat cd khi nang phan huy xenlulo: Kit qua dim mat sd vi sinh cd khd nang phdn hiiy xenlulo cd trong mdu dat ciia hai md hmh canh tdc cdy bdp rau (hinh 7) cho tiidy mat sd vi smh vdt phan huy xenlulo b mo hinh canh tac dp dung tilu chudn GlobalGAP cao hon gdp 1,43 lan va khac bilt cd y nghia so vdi md hinh canh tac cay bdp rau truyen thdng. Xenlulo la mot hop chdt huu co cd cdng thiic cdu tao (CeHioOs)^^ vd Id thanh phan chu ylu cua vdch t l bdo thuc vat, dupc xem la chdt huu ca chdm phan huy. Xenlulo chilm tdi 30 - 60% khdi Iupng khd sinh khdi thuc vdt (Lederberg, 1992;
Mohanunad vi ctv., 2010). Vi till ddnh gia sy phat triln, tdng mdt sd cua vi sinh vdt phdn buy xenlulo giiip ddnh gia tiln trinh phdn huy thai thuc vdt vd chat hiiu ca trong dat. Su gia tdng mdt sd vi sinh vdt phan huy xenlulo, ngoai vile thuc day qua trinh phdn huy cdc vdt Ulu hflu ca, gia tang dp phi nhilu cua ddt, cdn giup cay trdng cd kha nang chdng Iai mOt sd mam benh nhu benh thdi mim cu do ndm Pythium spp. (Manici va ctv., 2004; Valerie Gravel vi ctv., 2009). Canh tdc cay bap rau theo tilu chuan GlobalGAP, giam N vd P vd ca, tang chdt hiiu ca trong dat da giup gia tang mat sd ndm vd mdt sd vi sinh vdt cd kha nang phan huy xenlulo cd y nghia, gdp phdn duy tri dO phi nhilu ddt qua tang chu trinh chuyen hda dinh dudng cho cay trdng so vdi canh tdc cay bdp rau theo ky thuat truyln thdng.
Hinh 7: M§t s6 vi sinh vat phdn hiiy xenlido trin 2 md hinh canh tdc cdy b ^ rau cd dp diing vd khdng
dp dyng GlobalGAP 3.5. Ndng sudt b ^ rau
Kit qua ghi nhdn ndng suat bap rau trin hai md hinh canh tac (hmh 8) cho thay cd su khdc bilt cd y nghia thdng ke. Nang sudt bdp rau d- mo hinh canh tac theo Ueu chudn Global GAP dat 2.8 tan/ha. md hinh canh tdc bdp rau theo Idi truyln thdng chi dat 2,5 tdn/ha.
Ap dung GlobalOAP Caiih lac iniyen thong
Hmh 8: Nang sudt cdy bap rau tren 2 mo hinh canh tdc cdy b ^ rau cd dp dung vd khdng dp dung Global
GAP
Kit qua thi nghiim cho thdy sii dung phan hiru CO k i t hgp vdi vd co cdn ddi. hpp ly la y l u td giup nang suat bap rau cao hon cd y nghia so vdi viec canh tdc chi su dung phdn vo ca. Phdn hiiu co giup cai thiln dp phi nhilu dat, gia tang mat sd vi sinh vdt dat. Kit qua phdn tich ddt qua cdc chi Ulu: hdm Iupng chat hiiu ca. Ian htru dung, dam huu co d l phdn huy vd mat sd vi sinh vdt tiong dat d md hinh canh tac theo Ueu chudn Global GAP cao hon vd khac bilt y nghia, gdp phdn giai thich su tang nang suat trai trong md hinh ndy.
4. KETLUAN
iv^ dung ky thudt canh tdc theo tilu chuan GlobalGAP nhu giam str diing phan dam, ldn, bdn phdn hiiu ca da giup cat thiln dac tinh Iy hda hpc vd smh hgc dat, the hien qua su gia tang do ben cau tnie dat, giam dung trgng dat, tang pH dat. tang ham Iupng chat hiiu co, N huu dung, P hiiu dung, mat so nam va mat sd vi sinh vdt phan hiiy xenlulo trong d a t Do do da giup ndng suat bdp dat cao hon so vdi canh tdc theo ky tiiudt truyln thdng.
TAILfU THAM KHAO
1. Anne, D. D.. Oscar J. V.. Gerard W. K , and Bruggen H. C. A.. 2006. Effects of organic versus conventional management on chemical and
NONG NGHIEP V A PHAT TRIEN NONG THON - KY 2 - THANG 11 /2014 45
biological parameters in agricultural soils. Apply Soil Ecology 31.120-135.
2. Batjes, N. H., 1995. A global data set of soil pH properties. Technical paper 27. International soil reference and information center GSRIC), Wageningen.
3. Brady, N. and Weil R., 2002. The Nature and Properties of Soils. ISth Edition. Prentice Hall. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey. 960 p.
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EFFECT OF BABY CORN CULTIVATION IN GLOBAL GAP ON SOME SELECTED PHYSia CHEMICAL AND BIOLOGICAL SOIL PROPERTIES
Tat Anh Tim. Vo Thi Guong, Le Khanh Iinh Summary
The study aimed at investigating the changes of soil fertility ui terms of physio-chemical and biological properties under baby-corn cultivation followmg GlobalGAP standard in Cho Moi distnct, An Giang province. Soil samples were taken from two fanner groups growing baby-corn: (1) in GlobalGAP and (2) in traditional cultivation at two different stages: initial and 25 days after planting. TTie results showed that there was no significant difference between the two samples group at the initial stage. After 25 days planting, soil properties of GlobalGAP cultivation fields was sigmficantiy improved m soil aggregate stability, soil bulk density, soil pH, soil organic matter, available phosphorus, avaOable nitrogen, labile organic mtrogen. In addition, total density of soil micro-organism and soil microbial cellulose degradation were sigmficantiy high (P<0.001) compared to those apphed traditional cultivation. The baby-com yield was increased sigmficantiy in GlobalGAP cultivation group compared to traditional group.
Keywords: Baby com, GlobalGAP, soilphysio<:hemicalproperties, soil micwbiologies, crop yield.
Ngirdi phan bi$n: TS. Btii Huy Hien Ngdy nhdn bdi: 26/5/2014 Ngdy thdng qua phan biln: 26/6/2014 Ngdy duyit ddng: 03/7/2014
NONG NGHIEP VA PHAT TRIEN NONG THON - KY 2 - THANG 11/2014 47
