THlTC nEN PHAP LUAT
HOAN THIEIV QUY D M ! CUA PHAP LUAT V^ TOI BUOrV LAU, TOI S A N XUAT, BUOrV BAN HANG GIA
NgayenVan Hifotng*
'PGS.TS. Trudng Sai hoc Luat Ha Noi.
Thong tin b^i vi^t:
Tir khoa hang gia, toi buon lau, tpi san xuat, buon ban hang gia
Ljch su bat viet:
Nhanbai : 17/06/2019 Bientap : 12/07/2019 Duyetbai : 17/07/2019
Article Infomation:
A^evworai.* counterfeit goods; smuggling criminal; criminal of production and tradmg of counterfeit goods.
Article History Received : 17 Jun 2019 Edited • 12 Jul. 2019 Approved : 17 Jul. 2019
Tom tat:
Bai viet phan tich mpt so vuong mdc, bat cap khi ap dung Bp Iuat hinh sir xu ly tpi buon lau va cac toi san xuat, buon ban h^ng gia trong thirc tien. Viec nhan thirc va ap dung Bp luat hinh sir trong mpt so trudng hpp khong bao dam sir chinh xac co the xuat phat tir nhirng quy dinh thieu chinh xac cua cac van ban phdp luat khac nhau. Tir do, tac gia bai viet de xuat cac giai phap sira doi cac quy dinh nay bao dam cho cac quy dinh ciia Bp luat hinh sir dupc nhan thiic va ap dung diing, chinh xac trong thirc tiln.
Abstract
This article provides analysis of a number of shortcomings, inadequacies of the Criminal Code to dea! with the smuggling criminal, production and trading criminal of counterfeit goods.
The awareness and application of the Criminal Code in some cases do not guarantee the accuracy, which might be stem from the inappropriate provisions in different legal documents. Then, the author has proposed solutions to amend these regulations to ensure that the provisions ofthe Criminal Code are in proper awareness and applied correctly and accurately in practices.
L Nhirng b^t cap cSp, ham che t r o n g quy djnh cua phdp luat ve toi b u o n l^u, toi san xii^t, buon bdn h a n g gid
Nghien ciiu cac toi buon lau va cac toi san xuat, buon ban hang gia va viec ap dung
"u ly cac tpi nay trong thuc tiin nhiing nam gan day, chiing toi nhan t h i y co mot s6 diem i^at c4p trong quy dinh cua phap luat d i n dgn vi?c ap dyng cac toi nay khong dung, khong chinh xac.
Theo quy dinh cua Bp lu^t Hinh sir (BLHS) nam 2015, dugc sua dgi, bo sung nam 2017 (BLHS nam 2015), tpi buon lau dugc hiiu la hanh vi buon ban qua bign gioi hoac tir khu phi thug quan vao npi dja hoac ngugc lai trai phap luat hang boa, tien Viet Nam, ngoai te, kim khi quy, da quy tn gia tir 100.000.000 d6ng (tro Ign) hoac duoi 100.000.000 ddng nhung thugc mpt Urong cac truang hgp (dugc quy dinh tai digm a hoac digm b khoan 1 Digu 188 BLHS).
NGHIEN cull I QC _ L A P P H A P I « "
T H U t TIEN PHAP LUAT
Tinh trai phap luat cua hanh vi buon ban (neu trgn) thg hien bang viec la hanh vi buon ban qua bien giai hoac tu khu phi thue quan vao npi dia hoac ngugc lai (cac doi tugng bang boa, tign Viet Nam, ngoai te...) trai vai quy dinh cua phap luat nhu khong khai bao, khai bao gian doi... hoac co sir tron tranh kigm soat cua ca quan co tham quyen (nhu CO quan hai quan, bign phong...).
Tpi san xuat, buon ban hang gia la hanh vi buon ban (trao doi) nhiing thu biet ro la hang gia nham thu lgi bat chinh (bao gom ca hanh vi chao bang, bay ban, luu giii, bao quan, van chuygn, xuat nhap khau...)'.
Theo quy dinh cua BLHS, dau hieu hanh vi pham tgi ciia 2 tpi ngu tren kha ro, viec xac dinh tgi pham (dinh tgi) doi voi cac hanh vi hanh vi pham tpi ciia cac tgi nay (co le) khong co van dg can phai ban cai. Tuy nhien, van de phat sinh la viec ngudi phgm tdi cd hdnh vi buon bdn hdng gid qua biin gidi. Hanh vi buon ban hang gia qua bign giai se bi xu ly ve tgi buon lau (Dieu 188 BLHS) hay tgi san xuat, buon ban hang gia (theo cac Digu 192 dgn Digu 195 BLHS, tuy theo d6i tugng hang gia tuang ung dugc quy dinh tai cac dieu luat nay) vai tinh tiet dinb khung hinh phat tang nang "buon ban qua bign giai"
(digm 1 khoan 2 Dieu 192 hoac diem e khoan 2 Digu 193, 194, 195 BLHS)?
Trong thuc tiln, "co thg" do nh?n thiic khong dling nen co truong hop nguai pham tpi CO hanb vi buon ban (nhap khau) thuoc chiia benh gia qua bign gioi ma khi xet xu, Toa an da kgt an nguai pham tgi ve tgi buon laul Tuy nhign, khi tra lai vg nhiing buc xiic ciia du luan vg tpi danh d6i voi nguai pham tpi trong vu an nay, c6 y kien cho rang, "ve tgi danh, co y kign xu la tgi "buon lau" hay tgi "san xudt, buon ban hang gia la thu6c chiia benh, thuoc phong benh". Bay gia chiing ta phai thua nhan mpt digu rang, xir tpi nao ciing phai thigu mot ve. Xir tgi "buon lau" tbi thieu ve "hang gia", xir tpi "hang gia" thi thieu ve "buon lau". Bai vay, khong the nao trpn ven hgt\ .. .Quan diem buon lau a day la buon lau trai phep qua bien giai va kbong phu thupc bang gia, hang kem ch3t lugng... Con neu xir tgi hang gia thi do la hanh vi buon ban (trao doi) nhirng thu biet ro la hang gia (trong nuoc) chii khong co ygu to buon lau qua bign gioi. Ro rang day la ygu to buon lau"''.
Ban an so tham doi voi vu an (ngu trgn) sau do da bi buy de dieu tra xet xii l^i theo hucmg xir ly vg hanh vi buon ban thuoc chiia benh gia^ O day, van de mau chot la dau hieu "hang hoa" (doi tugng ciia tgi buon lau) dugc quy dinh tai Digu 188 BLHS co bao gom hang gia hay khong? Ngu "hang hoa" khong bao gom "hang gia" thi viec nban thirc sai, dan dgn dinh tgi danh sai cua
Xem thSm
- Truong Dai hoc Luat Ha Npi, Giao trinh luat hinh su Viet Nam — Phan cic tpi pham, sdd, tr.282.
-Nguyen Ngpc Hoa, Binh lu^n khoa hpc BLHS nam 2015 dupc siia doi, bo sung nam 2017, sdd, tr 388, 389.
Xem- Le Dinh, Nguyen Tong giam doc VN Pharma nhap thuoc tri ung thu gia nhan 12 nam tii http://baophapluat.
vn/phap-dinh/nguyen-tong-giam-doc-vn-pharma-nhap-thuoc-tri-ung-thu-gia-nhan-12-nam-tu-351090.hmil (tnjy cap 4/6/2019).
Xem. Linh An, Chanh an TAND TP. Ho Chi Minh- Vu VN Pharma nhu tang bang chim chua n6i len https.//vietnamnet.
vn/vn/thoi-su/chong-tham-nhung/chanh-an-tand-tp-hcm-vu-vn-pharma-tang-bang-chim-chua-noi-len-396137.html (truy c?p ngay 4/6/2019).
Xem: Linh An, tldd
Xem- Ai Chan, Vu VN Pharma - Hiiy toan bo ban an so tham de dieu tra lai, http-//www. sggp.org, vn/vu-vn-pharma- huy-toan-bo-ban-an-so-tham-de-dieu-tra-lai-478841.html (truy c^p 4/6/2019).
- Bill Phan, Thay d6i toan bp toi danh cua 12 b! cao trong vu VN Pharma, http.//cand.com.vn/Phap-luat/Xung-quanh- vu-VN-Pbarma-Nong-Thay-doi-toan-bo-toi-danh-cua-l 2-bi-cao-544193/ (tmy cap 4/6/2019).
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I HGHllN CUU , I LAP P H A P ^ So 16(392) T8/2019THUt TIIN PHAP LUAT
Toa an d8 xet xii vu an neu tren la khong thS chip nhan duac. N6u "hang hoa" bao g6m ca "hang gia" thi viec xet xu hanh vi buon bin "thu6c chfta benh gia" qua bien gioi v j toi buon I^u ciia toa an da xet x u vu an neu trgn la chap nhan dugc.
Vay, hang hoa la gi, hang gia la gi, pbap luat Viet Nam co quy dinh "hang hoa gia" idiong?
- Hang hoa: Hien nay khong co van ban nio dua ra dinh nghTa hay khai niem vS
"hang hoa" ma chi co mot sd quy dinh liet ke cic doi tirijng hang hoa. Vi du: Di6u 3 Luat Tliuong mai nam 2005 quy dinh: "Hang hoa bao g6m: a) T& ca cac loai dong san, ke ca dpng san hinli thanh trong tuong lai;
b) Nhihig vat g5n liSn vai d l t dai"; khoan 2 Dieu 3 Luat Giao thong duong bp nam 2008 quy dinh: "Hang hoa la may mpc, thiSt bi, nguyen vjt liSu, nhien lieu, hang tieu diing, long vat s6ng_ va cac dong san khac dupc vSn chuySn bang phuang tien giao thong
duong bp"...
Theo TCr diln Ti&g Viet, hang hoa dupc h,eu la: "san pham do lao dong lam ra dupc mua ban tren thj truong"'.
Tuong tu nhu vay, mot s6 cong trinh khoa hpc cung dinh nghTa: "Hang hoa la san pham cua lao dpng co thS thoa man mat nhu cau nao do ciia con nguai thong qua trao doi, mua ban"'. Theo do, hang hoa c6 hai thupc tinh la: gia tri sti dt/n^ va gid tr?. Day la thupc tinh khong tha thieu cua hang hoa.
Noi mpt each khac, mpt vat chi dupc cpi la hang hoa khi no co gia trj sir dung va gia tri'.
Nha nuoc khuyin khich san xujt hang hoa, bao ve viec san xudt hang hoa la nhjm lam cho hang hoa duoc san xuit ra ngay cang nhieu, CO gia tri cao, thoa man ngay cang nhieu cac nhu cau ciia con nguai va xa hpi.
Ben canh hang hoa, co nhiju van ban phap luat con quy dinh hang gia. Vay, hang gia la gi va theo quy djnh ciia phap luat Viet Nam, CO "hang hoa gia" khong?
' Wn Ngoniigil h(.c, Tir <Jiln Titog Viet (HoSng Phe cbu bien), Nxb Da Ning va Trung lam Tu diSn hoc. nam 2000, tr.421 ' Xem:
HpE dong Tmng uong chi dao bien soan Giao trinh qu6c gia cac bo mon tdioa hoc Mac - Lenin, tu tuong Hfl Chi Minh, Giao sinh Kinh te hgc chinh tn M^c - Lenin, Nxb Chinh tri quflc gia, Ha Npi 2002, tr. Ii 8.
Hpc vien Chinh tri quoc gia H6 Chi Minh, Giao hrinh trung cip ly luan cbinh tri - hanh chinh: i^ihOng vSn de co ban cua chii nghia Mic-Lenin, tu Mong H6 Chi Minb, Nxb Ly luan chinh tri, 2019, lr.l31.
tjia trj sir dung ciia hang hoa la cong dung ciia hang hoa co thg thoa man mot nhu ciu nao do cua con nguoi (trong viec ir dung hay tieu dimg). Gia trj sir dung la thupc tinh ciia bang hoa nbung khong phai la gia Iri su dung cho nguoi tiuc ep san xuat la hing hoa ma la cho ngiroi iihac, cho x§ hoi, thong qua trao dot, mua ban. Gia Iri su dung ciia hang hoa a v?t mang gii tr] trao doi. Gii trj trao doi eUa hang hfla la nifll quan he ve so luong, mpt ty le trao dfli giira nhitag gia . su dling khac nhau nhung nfl deu co diem chung la san pham cua lao dong, dupc ket unh tir iao dflng ciia con nguiri.
Idu, Im vai = 5kg thoc, tuc la nguoi tha mat thai gian, cflng sue trong mot ngay de siin xuil ra Im vai va nguoi nflng dan mat thoi gian, cflng sire tucmg tir dg san xuat dupc 5kg thflc. Gia tt-i trao dfli la hinh thirc bigu hien cua gii tri; gii In sir dling la npi dung, li cp so ciia gii tri trao dfli. Ngueri san xuit lam ra hang hpa de bin, nen muc dich cua ho la gia Irr chii khong phai la giii trj sii dung. Hp chii y dfln gia trj sir dung - lam ra sin pham tot cijng chinh la de dat muc dich la giS tri. Ngufli mua cio gii In sii dung, nhung mu6n cfl gii In sir dung thi Iruflc hit hp phii tra gia tri (ciia hing hfla) chongiriri sin xuat ra nfl. Gii tri ctia hang hoa la lap dpng xa hpi ciia nguoi sin xuit hing hfla kit unh ttong hing boa.
Chit ciia gii tn li lao dpng. Luong ciia gii tri la sfl lupng lao dpng ciia ngueri san xuit kit Iinh trpng hang hpa. Gii tri IJ CO so ciia gii tri trao dfli, con gii tri trao dfli la hinh ibiic biiu hien ciia gii tri. Nha nupc khuyen khich sin xuat hang hoa la nhim lira cho hing hfla san xuit ngiy cang nhieu, cfl gii hi cao, thfla man ngiy cing nhieu cic nhu cau ciia con ngirinvixihfli.
Xem them;
Hpi dong Tning uong chi dap bien span Giap trinh quflc gia cac bfl mfln kboa hpc Mic - Lenin, tu hrpng Hfl Chi Minh, Giao hhih Kinh ti hoc cbinh tri Mic - Lemn, sdd. tr 118-122.
Hpc vien Chinh tn quflc gia H6 Chi Mmh, Giap trinh trung cip i^ luan chinh tn - banh chinh. Nbung vin de co ban ciia 'W nghia Mic - Lenin, tu tuong H6 Chi Minh. sdd, te 131 -133.
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THOt TIEN PHAP LUAT
Tir tnrac den nay, trong cac van ban phap Iuat cua nuac ta (ngoai trir Nghi dinh s6 140 ngay 25/4/1991 cua Hoi ddng Bp truang (nay la Chinh phu) quy dinh ve kiem tra, xu ly viec san xuat, buon ban hang gia'") chua CO van ban phap Iuat nao quy dinh khai niem hay dinh n^hia ve hang gia, ma chi neu, liet ke mot s6 loai hang gia (nhu hang gia ve noi dung, hang gia ve hinh thuc)".
Vay, hang gia la gi?
"Gia" thi khong phai la that. "Gia" thi khong hgfp phap. "Gia" thi thucmg gan vai viec gian doi va khong dugc Nha nuac va xa hpi thira nhan. Vi vay, de giai thich khai niem hang gia c6 Ie phai dat hang gia doi lap voi hang that, doi lap vai san pham/hang hoa dupc Nha nuac cho phep hay thiia nhan de giai thich, de dinh nghTa. Mat khac, trong tieng Viet rat kho co the tim duoc tir thay the cho tir "hang gia". Vi vay, theo Tir dien Giai thich thuat ngir luat hpc, khai niem hang gia dupc hieu la: "Thii khong co gia tri su dung cua loai hang ma no mang ten (hang gia ve npi dung) hoac tuy co gia tri sir dung cua loai hang mang ten nhung mang nhan hieu cua CO sa san xuat khac nham lira doi khach hang (hang gia ve hinh thiic)"'^.
Hang hoa va san xuat hang hoa dupc Nha nuac bao hp va khuyen khich san xuat.
Ngay ca khi Nha nuac chua quy dinh, bao hp thi hang hoa (san pham dupc con nguai tao ra theo each tu nhien de mua ban, trao
d6i) ciing da dupc xa hpi thira nhan. Hang gia - vi gan vai su gian d6i, khong trung thyc nen khong dupc Nha nudc cho phep, bi Nha nuac cim va xa hpi khong thua nh^n (ngay ca khi no co thh diing, su dung dupc)'l Hang gia - vi khong dupc Nha nuac cho phep, bi Nha nirac cim va khong dupc xa hpi thira nhlin nen no khong c6 gia tri trao d6i. Noi mpt each khac, hang gia thi khong CO gia tri. Nhu vay, hang gia khong phai la hang hoa. Khi noi dhn hang hoa thi chi co thi la hang hoa "that", hang hoa "hpp phap".
Tuang tu nhu vay, noi den hang gia thi chi CO the la hang gia/thii hang khong hpp phap, khong CO gia tri ma khong the noi la "hang hoa gia" hay khong the giai thich hay dinh nghia "hang gia la hang hoa...". Neu nhan thirc nhu vay thi hanh vi buon ban, nhap khau thuoc chiia b?nh gia qua bien giai (neu a phan tren) se khong the bi nham lan, khong the bi ket an ve tpi buon IEIU (vi dau hi^u cau thanh tpi buon lau duoc BLHS quy dinh la "... hang hoa...".
Trong thuc te, (co the do su han che bai ngon ngii) ma nha lap phap ciang nhu nha giai thich phap luat d3 quy dinh ho^c giai thich khong dung ve hang gia, th|im chi la CO su dong nhat "hang gia" voi "hang hoa". Su nham lan nay khong xay ra doi voi cac quy dinh ciia BLHS nhung da xay ra trong nhieu van ban phap luat khac co lien quan den quy dinh cua BLHS. Vi du, khoan 33 Dieu 2 Luat Dupc nam 2006 quy
10 Khai ni?m hang gia trong van ban nay cung khong chinh xac.
11 Xem:
Dieu 5 Phap lenh [rung tri toi dau co, buon l^u, lam hang gia, kinh doanh trai phep nam 1982;
DiSu 167 BLHS nam 1985;
Di6u 156, 157,158 BLHS nSra 1999;
Digu 192,193,194. 195 BLHS nam 2015, Dieu 2 Luat Duoc nam 2006;
Nghi dmh s6 185/2013/ND-CP ngay 15/11/2013 ciia Chinh phu ve quy dinh xur phat vi pham hanh chinh trong hoat dpng thuong mai, san xuSt, buon ban hang gia, hang cam va bao v | quyen l<;ii nguoi tieu diing.
12 TruongDaihgcLuatHaNpi.TirdiinGiai thich thuat ngiJ luat hpc, Nxb Cong an nhSn dan, HaNoi, 1999 tr57 13 can chii y phan biet hang gia vcti nhiing hang hoa (hang that) co ten la "giS" nhu la rang gia, hoa gia, chin tay gia
Trong thuc ti, ngudi ta khong th^ "lam" duac "rang that", "chan tay th^t" ma chi co the "Iam" duoc rang gia chan tay gia ho|ic chi co the "trong" dupc hoa that ma thoi.
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HGHiCN emi / L A P P H A P _ V S6 16(392)78/2019THirc TIEN PHAP LUAT imh: "Thudc gia la thuoc duoc san xuit
thuoc mpt trong cac truang hop sau day:
a) Khong co dupc chat, dupc lieu; b) Co diKjc chat khong dung vcri dupc chat ghi Iren nhan..."". Tuong tu nhu vay, khoan 8 Diju 3 Nghi dinh s6 185/2013/ND-CP ngay 15/11/2013 cua Chinh phii quy dinh: "Hang gia" gom: a) Hang hoa khong co gia tri sii d\ing, cong dung;...b) Hang hoa co ham lu(;mg dinh lugfng chat chinh hoac long cac chit dinh duong hoac dac tinh ky thuat co ban khac chi dat muc tir 70% tro xuong so vcri tieu chuan chat lupng... '^". Trong nhigu van ban phap luat khac (tir truoc den nay) ciing CO quy dinh tuong tu"".
Nhu vay, theo each quy dinh ciia cac van ban neu tren: "thuoc gia la thuoc", "hang gia la hang hoa"..., thi cac van ban nay da
"vo tinh" coi hang gia la hang hoa va digu nay dan den nhung nhan thiirc khong dung khi ap dung luat. Chung toi cho rSng, trong tieng Viet rat kho co the tim dupc tir thay the tucmg duong cho cum tir "hang gia" de djnh nghia hay giai thich khai niem cho cum tit hang gia, nhung khong the coi/giai thich
"hang gia la hang hoa" hay "thuoc gia la thuoc". Co the coi/quan niem hay giai thich hang gia la thti/nhimg thir (co dac digm cu the) nhu the nao do nhung khong thi coi/
noi hoac giai thich hdng gid Id hdng hda hay thuoc gid Id thudc. Viec coi, quy dinh nhu vay da danh dong, lam mo nhat, tham chi lam mat di ban chit thuc va tinh trai phap ln|t cua hang gia. Ban chit cua hang gia la thi/tthmg thii khdng cd gid tri sir dttng cita
loat hdng md no mang ten hoac tuy co gid tr! sti dung cua loai hdng mang ten nhung mang nhdn him ciia ca sa sdn xudt khac nhdm lira ddi khdch hdng (gian d6i, trai phap luat). Vi vay, hang gia (khi bi xir ly duoi goc dp hanh chinh hoac hinh suj dSu bi tich thu tieu huy (d6i voi hang gia gay nguy hai cho xa hpi hoac khong co gia tri su dung) hoac (co the) dupc co quan co thim quygn cho phep dua vao luu thong khi dap irng dieu kien nhat dinh nhu "bi buoc loai bo cac ygu ta vi ph?m trgn nhan mac, bao bi hoac gia cong, che bign lai dg hang hoa dam bao tinh hpp phap khi luu thong hoac tan dung lam nguyen lieu"". Vi du, duong kinh gia co thg dupc sir dung lam nguygn ligu cho nha may duong, nguygn lieu cho san xuit banh keo, ruou con...; xang dau gia ngu khong thg chiet xuit, tach bo phu gia, tap chit thi CO the sir dung cho cac nha may san xuat son, chat tay rua .. .Trutmg hpp nay hang gia CO the va chi tro thanh hang hoa khi co su cho phep (quyet dinh bang viin ban) ciia co quan co tham quyen va khi no dap img dupc nhirng dieu kien nhat djnh (da ngu trgn).
Tom lai, chung ta co the khang dinh:
hang gia khong phai la hang hoa. Trong thuc te clii CO hdng hda (san pham dupc san xuat ra hpp phap, dupc Nha nuoc va xa hpi thira nhan) va hdng gid (thu/nhirng thu dupc lam/
tao ra mpt each bit hpp phap, bj Nha nuoc cim). Hang hoa va hang gia la hai khai niem khac nhau. Trong thuc tg chi co khai niem hang hoa va khai niem hiing gia ma khong thg CO khai niem "hang hoa gia".
M Xem: Khoan 33 Biju 2 Luat Duoc nam 2006.
IS Xeml(lioan8Dieu3Nghiainlis6l85/20l3/NB-CP ngay 15;ii;2013 iS Xtm,
Chinli phu (tldd)
Hoi deng Bp truing ngay 25/4/1991 quy duih kiSm tra, xu ly viee san xuat.
Bleu 3 Nghi dinh s6 140-HDBT c:
buon ban hang gia,
Muc 111 Thong ta s6 10;2000/TTLT-BTM.BTC-BCA-BKHCNMT ciia Bo Thuong mai, Bo Tin chinli, Bo Cong an .a 156 Kho. hoc Cong nghe ngiy 27/4/2000 httting din th, hanh Chi thi sd 31/1999/CT-TTg ngay 27/10/1999 cua Thu
•uong Chinh phii ve diu tranh chflng san xuit va buon ban hang gia '/ Xem them:
iaoin4eacBrlu 12,13, 14. 15 3 Nghi dinh s6 185/2013/ND-CP ngay 15/11/2013 ciia Chinh phudldd);
Tito muc 6.3 tai muc V Thong tu so 10/2000/TTLT-BTIi1-BTC-BCA-BKHCNMT (tldd), .
, NGHIEN S6 16(392)T8/2019 V^LAP PHAPl
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THUfC TIEN PHAP LUAT
2. Ki^n nghi ho^n thien quy dinh cua phap luat v§ tdi buon lau va c^c tdi san xuat, budn ban hang gia
Nhiing phan tich tren day cho thay, viec quy dinh/coi/gpi hang gia la hang hoa la hoan toan sai. Dieu nay lam cho khai niem hang hoa, hang gia khong phan anh diing ban chat cua hang hoa va ban chat ciia hang gia. Chinh dieu nay co the dan den nhan thiic va ap dung phap luat (trong do co quy dinh cua BLHS) khong dugc dung dan, chinh xac trong thuc tien. Viec nhan thiic cac quy dinh cua BLHS khong diing dSn den viec dinh tpi danh cung nhu ap dung hinh phat doi vai ngueri pham tpi khong dung trong thuc tien.
Dieu nay cung dat ra doi hoi la cac ca quan CO tham quyen, truoc het la co quan lap phap va cac CO quan huong dan, giai thich phap luat can ra soat cac van ban, hiiy bo hoac sira doi cac quy dinh khong phii hgp de viec ap dung phap luat noi chung, ap dung quy dinh ciia BLHS noi rieng dugc diing dan, chinh xac. Cu the la:
- Thir nhdt, can ra soat, siia doi cac van ban luat trong do co cac quy dinh (co tinh dinh nghTa) ve "hang gia". Cu the, can sira doi khoan 33 va khoan 34 Dieu 2 BLHS
theo huong khong coi thu6c gia khong phai la thuoc; dugc lieu gia la dupc lieu. Theo do khoang 33, 34 Bihu 2 BLHS dugc vidt lai nhu sau: "Thu6c gia la thu/nhiing thii..."
(khoan 33); "Dupc lieu gia la thu/nhirng thir khong CO gia tri sir dung ciia dugc li?u ma no mang ten..." (khoan 34).
Thii- hai, can ra soat, sira doi cac van ban huong dan ap dung luat nhu nghi dinh, thong tu... trong do co cac quy dinh (co tinh djnh nghTa) ve "hang gia". Cu the, can sira ddi Nghi dinh s6 185/2013/ND-CP ngay 15/11/2013 va Nghi dinh s6 124/2015/ND- CP ngay 19/11/2015 (sira ddi, b6 sung mpt s6 dieu ciia Nghi dinh s6 185/2013/ND-CP ngay 15/11/2013 cua Chinh phii). Theo do, thay cum tir "hang hoa" tai cac diem a, b, c, d, d, e, g khoan 8 Dieu bang cum tir "thii/
(hoac) nhimg thii".
Ngoai cac van ban nay, cac van ban khac CO quy dinh lien quan den hang gia, thuoc gia, cac san pham gia khac cung phai dupc cac ca quan (da ban hanh van ban) ra soat, sira doi de bao dam sir chinh xac cua quy dinh cua phap luat, qua do bao dam su nhan thiic va ap dung phap luat thong nhat trong thuc tien •
TAI LIEU THAM KHAO
1. Nguyin Ngpc Hoa, B'inh ludn khoa hpc BLHS nam 2015 dirac sira doi, bo sung ndm 2017 (Phan cac toi pham), Quyen 1, Nxb Ttr phap, H a N o i 2018.
2. Hpc vien Chinh tri quoc gia Ho Chi Minh, Gido trinh trung cdp ly lugn chinh tri - hdnh chinh- Duong loi, chinh sdch ciia Ddng, Nhd nu&c VietNam vecdc ITnh vuc ctia d&i song xd hoi,'Nxb Ly luan chinh tri, 2019.
3. Hpc vien Chinh tri quoc gia Ho Chi Minh, Gido trinh tmng cdp ly luan chinh tri - hdnh chinh: Nhung vdn de cabdn cua chu nghia Mdc - Lemn, lu tudng Ho Chi Mmh. Nxb Ly luan chinh tri, 2019.
4. Hpi dong Trung trong chi dao bien soan Giao trinh quoc gia cac bo mon khoa hpc Mac - Lenin, ttr tucmg Ho Chi Minh, Gido trinh Kinh te hoc chinh tri Mdc - Lenin, Nxb. Chinh tri quoc gia. Ha Npi 2002.
5. Truong dai hpc Luat Ha Npi, Gido trinh ludt hinh su Viet Nam - Phdn cdc loi pham, (Quyen 1), Nxb Cong an nhan dan. Ha Noi, 2018.
6. Tnrcmg Dai hpc Luat Ha Noi, Tir dien gidi ihich thuat ngir ludt hoc, Nxb Cong an uhan dan, Ha'Noi, 1999.
7. Vien ngon ngir hpc, Tir dien Tieng Viet (Hoang Phe chii bien), Nxb Da Nang va TT Tir dien hpc, nam 2000.
8. Linh An, Chdnh dn TAND TPHCM: 'Vu VN Pharma nhu tdng bdng chim chua not len https-i/vietnamnet.
vn/vn/thoi-su/chong-tham-nhung/chanh-an-tand-tp-hcm-vu-vn-phanna-tang-bang-chim-chua-noi-len-396137.
html, truy cap ngay 4/6/2019,
9. At Chan, Vu VN Pharma - Huy todn bo bdn dn sa thdm de dieu Ira lgi, http://www.sggp.org.vn/vu-vn- phanna-huy-toan-bo-ban-an-so-tham-de-dieu-tra-lai-478841.html truy cap 4/6/2019.
40
I HCHifeH cini . I LAP P H A P ^ S^ 1THUt TIEN PHAP LUAT
10. Le Dinh, Nguyen Tong gidm doc VN Pharma nhdp thudc tri ung thu gia nhdn 12 ndm tit http.//
baophapluat.vn/phap-dinh/nguyen-tong-giam-doc-vn-pharma-nhap-thuoc-tri-ung-thu-gia-nhan-12-nam- tu-351090.htm!; tmy cap 4/6/2019.
11. Bui Phan, Thay doi loan bo toi danh cua 12 bi cdo trong vu VN Pharma, http://cand.com vn/Phap-luat/
Xung-quanh-vu-VN-Pharma-Nong-Thay-doi-toan-bo-toi-danh-cua-12-bi-cao-544193/; truy cap 4/6/2019.
12. Bdo cdo ddnh gid ket qud thuc hien nhiem vu phdt trien liinh ti - xd hgi 5 ndm 2011-2015 vd phuong hudng, nhiem vu phat trien kinh te xd hoi 5 ndm 2016 - 2020, Van kien Dai hpi dai bidu toan qu6c l§n thii XII ciia Dang; http://tulieuvankien.dangcongsan.vn/ban-chap-hanh-trung-uong-dang/dai-hoi-dang/lan-thu- xii/bao-cao-danh-gia-ket-qua-thuc-hien-nhiem-vu-phat-trien-kinh-te-xa-hoi-5-nam-20Il-2015-va-phuong- huong-1599; truy cap 7/6/2019.
13. Chien lupc on dinh vdphdt trien kinh te - xd hoi den ndm 2000, Van kien Dai hpi dai bieu toan qu6c lin thii VII cua Dang, http://tulieuvankien.dangcongsan.vn/ban-chap-hanh-trung-uong-dang/dai-hoi-dang/lan- thu-vii/chien-luoc-on-dinh-va-phat-trien-kinh-te-xa-hoi-den-nam-2000-I559; truy cap ngay 7/6/2019.
14. Cuong ITnh xdy dung ddt nudc trong thoi ky qua do len chu nghia xd hoi. Van kien Dai hoi dai bi^u toan quoc lan thii VE ciia Dang, http://tuiieuvankien.dangcongsan.vn/ban-chap-hanh-trung-uong-dang/dai- hoi-dang/lan-thu-vii/cuong-linh-xay-dung-dat-nuoc-trong-thoi-ky-qua-do-len-chu-nghia-xa-hoi-1558; truy cap ngay 7/6/2019.
15. Phuong hudng, muc tieu chu yeu phdt trien KT~XH trong 5 ndm 1986- 1990, Van kien Dai hpi dai bieu toan quoc lan thir VI ciia Dang, http://tulieuvankien.dangcongsan.vn/ban-chap-hanh-trung-uong-dang/dai- hoi-dang/lan-thu-vi/phuong-huong-muc-tieu-chu-yeu-phat-rrien-kt-xh-trong-5-nam-1986-1990-1492; truy cap ngay 7/6/2019.
GOP YDU THAO LUAT...
(Tiep theo Irang 22)
Ve ky thuat lap phap, co the quy dinh theo hudng nguyen tac hoac vien dan tiiy theo viec Co quan soan thao va C o quan tham tra quyet dinh Luat Thanh nien la luat khung hay luat quy dinh chi tiet ve chinh sach, phap luat doi vdi thanh nien.
Thir ba, quy dinh ve nghia vu cua thanh nien
- Can nghien ciiu, ra soat de quy dinh nghia vu ciia thanh nien trong cac hoat dgng dac thii ciia thanh nien nhu khi tham gia to chiic: Thanh nien xung phong thuc hien cac nhiem vu dot xuat, cap bach co kho khan, gian kho; Thanh nien tinh nguyen hoat dgng vi lgi ich cua cgng dong, ciia xa hpi...
-_Nghien curu de quy djnh cu the ngi dling can di^u chinh, khong quy djnh chung chung de bao dam tinh kha thi cua Luat.
5. Kien nghj
- Thu nhat, viec xay dung Luat Thanh nien phai xudt phat tir viec nghien ciiu ve thanh nien tren cac phuong dien thanh nien
la chu the quan he phdp ludt; Id ddi tuang thu hudng chinh sdch, phdp lugt ve thanh nien; vd Id chu the thuc hien chinh sdch, phdp ludt ve thanh nien.
- Thic hai, vh hinh thirc, vai tro cua thanh nien dugc the hien thong qua cac to chifc va hoat dgng cua cac to chirc cua thanh nien. Theo nghTa nay, chinh sach, phap luat vh thanh nien chinh la chinh sach, phap luat vh t6 chirc va hoat dgng ciia cac to chiic ciia thanh nien vdi tu each la mgt loai chii the quan he phap iuat dac biet.
- Thirba, ve npi dung, Luat Thanh nien phai dh cap tai cac nhom npi dung: i) chinh sach, phap luat ve to chirc va hoat dpng ciia cac td chirc ctia thanh nien, ii) quyen va nghTa vu ciia cac to chirc thanh nien khi tham gia boat dpng xay dung kinh th, bao ve T 6 qudc hoac thuc hien cac nhiem vu chinh tri mang tinh ch4t phong trao •
, HGHIEN CtfU I m-\
S6l6{392)T8/2019 ^ L A P P H A P ' * '
