DAU TLf TRL/C TIEP CUA ASEAN VAO VIET NAM NAM 2012
V U V A N H A *
VU THI FHlTdNG DUNG*=
T
rong bd'i eanh nen Mnh td' the' gidi dang phai ddi mat vdi nhuhg Idio Idifin, dbng vd'n dau tU trUc tid'p nUdc ngoai (FDD toan cau suy giam, Viet Nam vfin la dilm den Idia hap dan cua cac nha dau tu nUdc ngoai. Tinh den nam 2012, ASEAN da dau tu vfio Viet Nam vdi tong vd'n dang ky la 46,5 ty USD (chiem 22,3% tong vdn FDI vao Viet Nam). Trong so' cfic qud'c gia ASEAN, cM duy nhat Myanmar chua cd vd'n dau tu vao Viet Nam.1. T i n h h i n h FDI ciia A S E A N v a o V i e t N a m
Theo bao eao cua Cue Dau tU nUde ngoai (Bp KH&DT), nam 2012, ASEAN da dau tu vao Viet Nam tren tat ca cac nganh nghe, iinh vyc vdi tong so 2.046 dy an cdn hieu lye (ehiem 14,3% ve sd' dy fin dau tU nUdc ngo- ai vao Vipt Nam). Dau tU cua ASEAN tai Viet Nam tap trung chii yeu vao cac ngfinh idnh doanh bat dpng san (39,8%), cong nghidp che' Men, ehd' tao (30,6%), tie'p theo
la xfiy dyng, xd ly nUdc thai, dich vu lUu tni, an udng. Trong so' 6 nUdc ASEAN da diu tU vao Viet Nam, thi ed 4 nUde trong nhdm ddi tac dau tU 1 ty USD trd Idn (Singapore dat hffn 22,0 ty USD, Malaysia trdn 18,0 ty USD, Thai Lan gan 6,4 ty USD, Bruney gan 4,7 ty USD); hai nudc Idiac cd mde dau tu dudi 1 ti USD Ifi Philipin trdn 0,4 ty USD, Indonesia hffn 0,3 ty USD. Ngofii ra, hang loat dU an nhieu ty USD ciia cfic tap doan Berjaya (Malaysia), Mapletree (Singapore), Jaks Resources (Malaysia), SCG (Thai Lan)... cung dang trong giai doan trien khai, giai ngan von hofic trong giai doan tich eye xuc tid'n diu tU.
Cfic du an FDI eiia ASEAN da eo mfit tai 56/63 tinh, thanh phd' Viet Nam. So vd'n binh quan trdn m&i dy fin dfiu tU trye tiep ciia cac nUdc ASEAN vao Viet Nam eao gap ddi eua eac nUdc khfic (trung binh 26,7 trieu USD/dy an so vdi ciia eac nUdc khac trung bmh 13,7 trieu USD/dy an). Dan diu la Singapore vdi 1.080 dy fin (tong vd'n 23,7 ty
^ POS TS. Vu Van Ha, Tap chi Cpng san
CN. Vu Thl Phucmg Dung, Vien Nghien cUu Trung Quoc
USD), tiep theo Ifi Malaysia 430 dyfin (tong von 11,3 ty USD).
Nhieu nha dau tU ASEAN da thanh edng tai Viet Nam nhU: He thd'ng bfin Ie Parkson ciia tap dofin Lion (Malaysia), Khu cdng ngMep Viet Nam - Singapore (VSIP) cua Sembcorp (Singapore); Khu dd tbi Ciputra (Ha Ndi) - Lidn doanh gifla nhfi dau tU Indonesia va Viet Nam; Dy an EcoLake cua SP Setia (Malaysia); Khu cdng nghiep Amata (Thai Lan) d Dong Nai. Trong dd, Dy an lien doanh VSIP (Singapore) dau tU rat cd hidu qua vfi duye md rpng them 4 chi nhfinh d Binh Duffng, Hai Phbng, Bfie Ninh vfi Quang Ngai, trd thanh bieu tUffng ciia sy hffp tac hipu qua gifla Singapore vfi Viet Nam. Hidn 4 dy fin cua VSIP thu hut dupe 465 ddi tfic cam ke't dau tU, trong do dfi ed hon 300 ddi tac dang hoat dpng vdi tong so' vdn dau tU dUpc cap phep gan 5,3 ti USD;
tao viec Ifim cho hon 110.000 lUfft lao ddng vfi dong gdp nMeu cho ngfin sach eae dia phuong. Mpt so' nhfi dau tU Smgapore dfi thanh cdng tai Viet Nam nhU: Sembcorp, Mapletree, Guocoo Land, Khoo Teck Puat Hospital, Kinderworld, MontessorL.. Du an xfiy dyng Khu du lich sinh thai tai khu Kinh te Chan Mfiy - Lang Cd, tanh ThUa TMen Hue do Tap dofin Banyan Tree (Singapore) diu tU.
Cfic nhfi diu tu S i n g a p o r e da trien khai nMeu du fin dau tu Mdu qua, trd thfinh nha dau tu ldn thU hai (sau Nhat Ban) tai Viet Nam. Thang 3/2012, Tap dofin Mapletree (Smgapore) da khdi cdng xay dyng Trung tfim Thuong mai SC VivoCity tai Thfinh pho' Ho CM Minh vdi von dau tU tdi 1 ty
USD. Mapletree dfi Jen ke hoach thanh lap mdt Quy diu t u de dau tU vfio cfic dy an bat dpng san tai Viet Nam.
Hien doanh ngMep Singapore dang dau t u ldn vao 5 ehuyen ngfinh chinh la: Kinh doanh bat ddng san (50 dU an vdi vdn dfing ky tren 7,6 ty USD); Cdng nghiep ehe bien, ehe' tao (329 dy fin vdi vd'n dang ky tren 6,0 ty USD); Xay duhg (80 dU an vdi vd'n dfing ky trdn 3,5 ty USD); Nghd thuat va giai tri (12 dy an vdi vdn dang ky tren 1,7 ty USD); Dich vu luli trd va an ud'ng (25 dy an vdi vd'n dfing ky trdn 1,7 ty USD); Van tai kho bai (60 Dy an vdi 707 trieu USD); Y te va trO gidp xa bpi (11 dy an vdi 537 trieu USD).
Thang 11/2012, luong vdn dau tU cua Singapore vfio Viet Nam co sU tang trudng dpt bien. Cbi tinh ridng thang 11/2012, Singapore dfi dang ky dau tu them 188 lUpt du an, nang tong sd' du an dang ky dau tU 11 thfing dau nam 2012 ldn 296 luot dy an vdi tong sd' vdn dang ky diu tU dat 1,6 ti USD (sau Nhfit Ban d ehfiu A vdi 5,05 ti USD), chie'm 13% tong vd'n dau tu ca nUdc Tie'p theo Ifi Han Quoc vdi 1,08 ti USD, Samoa vdi 900 trieu USD, CM trong thang 11/2012, sd' dy an dfing ky dau tU eua Singapore tang gan ga'p ddi va so' vd'n dang ky cung tang 2,3 lln cua ca 10 thfing trong nfim 2012. Dong thdi, Singapore cung vUfft len 2 bac vfi ddng thU 2 trong so' cfic ddi tfic dau tu trUc tie'p vao Viet Nam (10 thang dau nam 2012 vi tri nay la eua Han Qud'c, Singapore dUng thd 4).
Singapore eon ed nhiihg the manh khfic nhu dich vy tfii chinh - Ngfin hfing - bao
12 Nghien cdu Ddng Nam A 1/2013 hilm; dao tao; ban budn, ban le; thdng tin
vfi truyln thong... Tuy nhidn cac llnh vUc nay vfin chUa duye diu tU thich dfing vfio Viet Nam. Nguyen nhfin ehii ye'u la do cfic doanh ngMpp Singapore dang hoat dpng trong eac linh vye nay chUa tim thay nhflhg dy an phu hpp vdi nfing Iyc vfi dap ijfrig dupe muc tieu cua eae nhfi dau tU Singapore tai Viet Nam. Sy tang trUdng vUOt bac ca ve chat lupng va so' Iuong ciia vd'n diu tU tryc tiep tu Singapore vfio Viet Nam dupc coi la diem sang quan trong trong bUc tranh tong the tinh hinh thu hut FDI eiia Viet Nam.
Sy ra ddi cua Cpng dong Mnh te' ASEAN vao nam 2015 dUpc cfic nha dau tU T h a i L a n xem la cO hdi d l tham nhap sau vao Ddng Nam A, dfic biet la Viet Nam, Sau tran lut lich sd (9/2011), Thai Lan Ididng cbn la noi hap dfin cfic nha dau tU trong linh vyc cdng nghipp nen Viet Nam se la nffi cac nha dau tU Thai Lan vfi nUdc ngoai quan tam. Viec dat nha mfiy d Viet Nam, ngoai lffi the ve nhan edng cbn cd them loi ieh ve mat chi phi. San pham san xuat tfl Vipt Nam se dd dang dUffc chuyen ve Thfii Lan hoac dua qua cac thi trUbtig khac trong Idiu vye va tren the' gidi.
Thang 3/2012,"Thai Lan dfit ke hoach dau tu 20 ti USD xay dyhg tai Viet Nam mpt Khu Cdng nghiep Amata (Men dai hon ea du an d Thai Lan) tai Dong Nai. Trong 6 thang dau nfim 2012, Cdng ty Thai Lan BJC (Berii Jucker Public Company) dfi xfiy dung 2 nha may tai Viet Nam. BJC gop 35% trong tong vo'n diu tU hon 47 tridu USD cho nhfi may san xuat bao bi thuy tinh OI-BJC (Bfi Ria - Vung Tfiu), dfi hoat ddng
thang 2/2012. Ngoai ra, BJC dau tU vfio nhfi may Lon nhom lien doanh (dfi hoat ddng thang 5/2012). Thang 8/2012, Tap doan san xua't thye pham va trai cay ddng hpp hang dau Royal Foods cua Thai Lan quyd't dinh md rdng diu t u tai Viet Nam vdi ke' hoach xfiy dyng nhfi mfiy t h d hai tri gifi 600 trieu baht (420 ti dong) tai Nghp An. Nhfi may thU hai nfiy cd cdng suat 100 tah san pham/ngay phuc vu thi trudng mien Trung va mien Bae. I ^ a may dau tien cua Royal Foods dfit tai Tien Giang (2007) ed cdng suat 200 tan san pham/ngfiy, dang phue vu rat hieu qua tai thi trUbhg mien Nam. Cae doanh ngMep Thfii Lan cd kd' hoach dau tu vao cfic linh viic dau Idii vfi dich vu du Uch Vidt Nam. Boh ngan hfing ldn nhat Thai Lan dang boat dpng tai Viet Nam, g6m: 1) Ngfin hfing Bangkok (td' chdc tai ehinh Icm nhfit cua Thai Lan) cd cM nhanh d Ha Npi va Thanh phd Ho Chf Minh; 2) Ngan hang Krung Thai Bank (ngan hang ldn thd 2 Thfii Lan) dang nam gid 33% cd phan cua Ngan h a n g Vinasiam; 3) Ngan hang Kasikom Bank (ngan hang ldn thd 3 Thfii Lan) dang hop tfie vdi cfic ngfin hang dia phuong ciia Vipt Nam nhU nhijftig dd'i tac Mnh doanh. Kasikorn Bank da ky mpt thoa thufin (thang 3/2012) hffp tfic Mnh doanh vdi Ngan hang Ndng nghipp va Phat trien ndng thdn Viet Nam. Kasikom Bank cung CO mpt thda thuan vdi Ngfin hfing Cdng thuong Viet Nam; 4) Ngan hang thUOng mai Siam dang hoat dpng d Viet Nam.
M a l a y s i a eung Ifi ddi tfie dfiu tU quan trpng cua Viet Nam. Du an Khu dd thi dai hoc qu6c td' Tfiy B i c Thanh phd' Ho CW Minh do Cdng ty Berjaya Land Berhad -
va Van Hd. Vu Thj Phucmg Dung - Ddu tu tri/c tiep cda ASEAN vdo Viet Nam
mpt cdng ty thudc Tap doan Berjaya Berhad (Malaysia) dau tU. Tinh den thang 6/2012, efie doanh nghiep Malaysia da diu tu 169 du an, vdi tong sd' vd'n 5,8 ti USD vfi Ifi nha dau tU ldn nhat tai Thfinh phd' Ho Chi Minh. Dy an xay Ida my VEM-WOmar eua hai nhfi dau tU Singapore (Tap doan Wilmar Intenationnal) vfi Malaysia (FFM Group) vdi vdn dau tU hcfn 47 tridu USD dfi chinh thdc dUpc Ididi cdng xay dung (7/2012) d Khu cdng nghipp Cai Lan md rpng (Ha Long, Quang Ninh).
Cfic cdng ty I n d o n e s i a rat tfch eye tim Idem cac thi trUdng mdi thdng qua md rdng boat ddng Mnh doanh vdi viec hUdng diu tu trUe tie'p tdi eac thi trUdng cd nhieu thuan loi, trong dd co Vidt Nam, Campuchia va Trung Qud'c do thi trUdng trong nude dan trd nen bfio hba. Indonesia tfing cUdng dau tU ra nude ngofii do nhuhg trd ngai mdi trUdng diu tU trong nUdc, su khong ehae chan ve mat phfip Iy, chi phi san xua't cao do cff sd hau cin va ha t i n g thieu vfi yd'u.
Indonesia md rdng sang nhieu linh vyc dau tu, dfic biet la cac dy an san xua't phfin bdn phue vu cho nganh ndng nghiep Viet Nam. Chinh phii Indonesia chii truong nfing cao vai trb eiia cfic doanh nghiep nhd vfi vUa, khuye'n khfch hp md rpng san xua't ra nUde ngofii. Viet Nam la mdt dilm dd'n phu hpp. Vdi mpt quy md dan so' tre va dang trong qufi trinh phat t r i l n nhanh nhU Vipt Nam, efie linh vac mfi doanh nghiep Indonesia tim Mem cO hpi dau tU b Vipt Nam Ifi gifio due, dich vy, xay dung. Cu the, Inddnesia diu tU xfiy dung trudng hoc, nhfi
hang, khfich san, resort, cung cap efie dich vu ve kinh doanh thie't ke' va trang tri ndi t h a t
Tfnh de'n thang 10/2012, ed 26 dy an dau tu cua P h i l i p p i n vfio thfinh phd' Ho CM Minh dupc cap giay chdhg nhan dau tU vdi tdng so' vdn dat 46,54 trieu USD. Cae linh vye dau tU chu ye'u gom: cdng nghidp che bid'n, che tao (38,6 trieu USD); thuffng mai (5,4 trieu USD); ndng ngMep, lam ngMep, thuy san (890.000 USD); vdh cbn lai la dau tu vao hoat dpng chuyen mdn khoa hoc vfi cdng nghe.
B r u n e i ddhg thd 12/92 qud'c gia vfi vung Ifinh tho diu tU tai Viet Nam vdi 129 dy an vdi tong sd' vd'n dang ky dat 4,9 ty USD. Vdi nguon dy trfl ngoai te doi dao, mpt trong nhflng linh vUc dfiu tu ed the manh cua Brunei la linh vyc du lich, xay duhg Idiach san 5 sao. Brunei danh gia cao Iinh vye ndng nghiep ciia Viet Nam vfi dang dfi'y manh hffn nda hffp tfic trong Iinh vyc ndng nghiep, eu t h l nhU trdng trot, nudi trong thuy san...
Cac doanh nghidp ASEAN dfinh nhieu su quan tam dd'i vdi thi trudng dfiu tU tai Viet Nam nhd nhflng nhan to sau-
Thd nhat, cac nhfi dau tU ASEAN quan tfim de'n Viet Nam nhU la mdt thi trUdng co the giup hp giam chi phi trong san xuat Mnh doanh. Theo danh gifi, cM pM lao ddng tai Viet Nam tha'p hffn khofing 30%
so vdi ehi phf Iao dpng tai Malaysia. Vi du, chi pM lao ddng tai Malaysia cao do phai nhap khau lao dpng tfl cSc nfldc khfic. Ne'u cfic nhfi dau tU Malaysia sang Viet Nam thyc hien cac boat dpng san xua't Mnh
14 Nghien ci'tti Ddng Nam A 1/2013 doanh tM cM pM Iao dpng se giam di kha
nMlu do hp se khong phai tra cM pM cho vide nhap khiu Iao ddng. Bdn canh dd, vide quan Iy cpng dong Iao dpng de'n tfl nMeu quo'c gia trong mpt doanh ngMdp tai Malaysia eung gfiy khd khfin cho eac nha dau tu. KM diu tu tai Viet Nam, vide quan Iy se dd dfing hon do chi cd mpt cpng dong lao dpng;
Thd: hai, Viet Nam la mpt thi trUdng tieu thu rdng ldn vdi g i n 90 tridu dan, sy tang trudng Idnh te manh me cua Viet Nam nhflng nfim gan day (dfic bidt sau khi Viet Nam chfnh thdc gia nhap WTO nfim 2007) giup sdc mua cua ngUdi dfin Viet Nam tang Idn nhanh. Vide Viet Nam gia nhap WTO chfnh la nhflng eff sd, tien d l lam cho eac nha dau tU ASEAN cam thay thoai mfii khi dau t u vao Viet Nam. Lffi the' ve chi phi tha'p cua Viet Nam cung giup thu hut dUffc nhieu tap doan cdng nghe ldn cua My vfi Hfin Qud'e dau tU vfio Viet Nam;
Thd ba, cfic doanh nghiep vfla vfi nho d ASEAN thudng san xufi't eac san pham phu trff cho efie tap doan da qud'e gia nhU Panasonic, Intel.. Khi cae tap dofin nay cd cae nhfi may tai Viet Nam, ASEAN dau tu sang Viet Nam, thanh lap cfic nhfi mfiy vi hp da biet each thde cung cap san pham phu try cho cfic tap dofin nay ndn se ed nhCfng loi the trong quan he hffp tfic va cung cfi'p san pham tai Viet Nam. Cae nhfi diu tu ASEAN quan tam de'n thi trUdng Viet Nam vi hp cd t h l san xuait va bfin san phfi'm hfing hofi ngay tai thi trUdng cd "sdc mua npi dia" dang ngay eang tfing.
2. T r i e n v o n g
Trong 25 nfim qua, Viet Nam dfi nhfin duoc hon 200 ty USD tfl cfic nhfi diu tu nudc ngoai, vdi hffn 14 nghin dU an diu tu, trong dd cd cac n h a d i u t u Idn nhU Canon, Samsung hay Intels... Xet ty le tren GDP, Viet Nam thu hut d i u tU tryc tid'p tfl nUdc ngoai ldn hon 5 l l n so vdi T n m g Qud'c hay An Dp trong giai doan 2007-2012.
Theo Khao sat cua Hpi ddng tU van kinh doanh ASEAN (ABAC), trong so 405 doanh nhan dUOc khao sat tham db, gidi doanh nhan ASEAN xep Viet Nam dflhg thd hai (46%) ve dp hap dfin dau tU, sau Inddndsia (50%). Cfic nUdc Singapore, Thai Lan va Malaysia lan lUfft dUffc xd'p d cae vi tri tidp theo. PMppines, Lfio, Campuchia, Myanmar va Brunei duhg d vi tri cudi cung.
Nhd mdi trudng diu tU hfip dfin, nMlu nhfi dau tu nudc ngoai chuyen hUdng dau tU sang Viet Nam, nhu Cdng ty san xuat linh kien dien td Exp Power (Anh). Tuy nMen, tinh Mnh sfl dung FDI tai Viet Nam vfin con nMeu bat cap. Quy rad eua cfic doanh ngMep FDI tai Viet Nam qufi nhd so vdi tieu chuan qud'e te'. Ne'u xet ve vo'n, eo tdi 63% cfic doanh ngMep FDI cd mflc vdn chi dudi 2,5 trieu USD.
De cd the thu hut dUffc nMeu ddng von FDI ehat luong hcfn trong tUffng lai, Viet Nam can phai cd nhflhg chinh sfich linh boat vfi dai han hon trong vide phat triln nguon nhan lye chat lUpng cao. Dong thdi phai xay dUng nMlu bp lufit mdi nhU Lufit Phat trien edng ngMep eo khi, cdng ngMep dien tOc.. mpt each ro rang, minh bach de tao mem tin thu hut cac nhfi dau tU tfl cac nen kinh te' phfit trien. Trien vpng FDI tai
Viet Nam sang siia nhd nhiihg yeu to thuan lpi nhu:
Luc lUiyng lao dong tre doi ddo vd ndng dpng. Cimg vdi An Dp, Viet Nam dUoe danh gifi la xfi hdi tre vfi nfing dpng. Lye lupng lao ddng tre, ham hpe hdi chiem hon 65% dfin sd'; Mpt phan tU dan so' eo dp tuoi dudi 14 (dp tuoi trung binh la 27 tuoi) vdi ty Id bie't chd len tdi trdn 94% dfin sd'.
Nguon nhfin lUc chat luong cao dap dhg dupe nhu clu eiia eac nhfi diu tU nude ngoai.
Hien dang noi ldn xu the cae cong ty dieh ehuyen san xuat tdi cac qud'c gia dang phat trien nhfim cat giam chi phi dau vfio, cat giam riii ro trong ehudi phfin phdi. Trong bd'i canh nfiy, Viet Nam cd co hpi tie'p tue thu hut nhijhg dy an diu tU ldn, nhat Ifi trong linh vye che tao sfl dung nhieu nhan eong lao dpng.
Gid nhdn cdng lao dpng a Vi&t Nam re so vdl cde qud'c gia trong khu vue. Theo khao sfit, gia Iao ddng d Viet Nam re chi bfing mpt nfla so vdi Trung Qud'c vfi Thai Lan va re hcfn Idioang 1/3 so vdi gia lao dpng b Malaysia. Trong khi gia nhan cong don gian cua Trung Qude Idioang 300 USD/thang thi gia nhan edng cua Vipt Nam chi bhng mpt nfla, tflc la khoang 150 USD/thang. Day chinh la Iy do cff ban de cfic cong ty dipn td nfldc ngoai dau tU vfio Viet Nam nhU cong ty Exp Power, nhfi san xuat linh Iden didn tfl eua Anh quyd't dinh dau tu vfio Viet Nam (thay vi vfio Trung Qud'c). Mfic du, cdng ty Exp Power se phai ddi mfit vdi vipe lao ddng va co sd ha tang chUa sfin sfing d Vipt Nam nhii: thudng mat dipn, cang bien chUa pbSt trien. Tuy nMdn,
cac cdng ty san xuat hang dien tfl vfi edng nghd thdng tin cd ldn the gidi nhfl: Intel, Samsung vfi NoMa dfi co cf Viet Nam. Dieu nay giup Exp Power tin tUdng tUffng Iai dau tu vao Viet Nam. Them nfla, do ty Ie tfing lUffng nhan edng d Trung Qude trung binh hang nam la 2% vfi ty Ip tang lUffng eho nhflng nha quan ly giau Mnh ngMem len tdi 100% sau moi nam kMen cac nha dau tu nude ngoai dich ehuyen dau tU sang Viet Nam. Viet Nam se trd thanh qud'c gia vdi mde chi pM san xuat tha'p, hieu qua cao, la cdng xUdng do may mac, giay dep, thuy san, dau, cao su, thep va cae san pham cdng nghd eao.
Vi&t Nam cd mpt vi tri dia ly chien hide vd nin kinh te dang ddn tu do lioa d khu vuc Ddng Nam A. Viet Nam co nhdhg lpi the' ve vi tri dia ly de phat trien linh vUc hau can van tai, trung ehuyen hang hda, co the van chuyen bang boa bang dUdng bp tdi Trung Qud'c vfi cfic nude khfic trong khd'i ASEAN. Do'i vdi cac nhfi dau tu Singapore tbi mdi trUdng Idnh doanh cua Viet Nam cd sy ha'p dan va nhflng lffi the canh tranh ridng. Dac bidt, sau khi Viet Nam va Singapore dfi ky hiep dinh Idiung (nfim 2005) ve ket ndi Idnh to trong cac Imh vyc:
tai chfnh; giao due va dao tao; giao thdng van tai; cdng nghe thdng tin; dau tfl thuong mai. Mae du tdng san pham npi dia (GDP) eua Viet Nam ehi bfing 1/5 eua Thfii Lan, nhung do Viet Nam dang trong qufi trinh phat trien nhanh, ndn day ehfnh Ifi cff hpi khdng the bd qua cua eac doanh nghiep Thfii Lan. Cac Iinh vyc thu but sU quan tam cua Thfii Lan la dpt may, hda chat, cdng nghiep san xuat, dd dung nhya,
16 Nghien cihi Ddng Nam A 1/2013 thUe p h a m Hon nfla, vdi tam nhin dai han
eiia nhfi dau tU, Viet Nam khdng cM la mdt qude gia rieng le, ma Ifi diem trung chuyen hfing hda tfl efie nUdc ASEAN ra the gidi.
He thd'ng cang biln ldn vdi so' lUpng hang hda thdng qua cang tai rieng thanh phd' Hd Chf Minh dfi Ifi 68,5 trieu tah/nfim. Dau tu d Viet Nam cd nhieu y nghia cho sy phfit trien lau dai.
Viet Nam chi ddng sau Smgapore trong viee tao thuan lpi eho nhfi dau tU tham nhfip tbi trUdng. Hon nfla, cfic Idiu edng nghiep eua Viet Nam hien deu da dap uhg dUpc cfic tieu chuan qud'e te, eff sd ha tfing thuan loi, thdi gian cap giay phep thanh lap cdng ty, gifiy phep kinh doanh, thu tuc hai quan tuong dd'i nhanh, va dUOc hd try ngay tai cfic khu cdng nghidp, do dd, cfic nha dfiu tU ed t h l nhanh chdng trien Idiai dy an.
Cff hpi ke't ndi diu tU gifla Viet Nam va eac qude gia ASEAN la vd cung ldn. Theo Bp trfldng Bp Ke' hoach va Dau tU, nam 2013, Viet Nam se tiep tuc thyc Men eac chUohg trinh xuc tie'n diu tU Idn tai nhieu diem de'n, trong dd bao gom cac qud'c gia thanh vien ASEAN. Quy diu tU ASEAN Fund ldn ke hoaeh dau tU khoang 1 ty USD vfio thi trUdng bfit ddng san Viet Nam, Malaysia vfi Phihppines. Quy ASEAN Fund se dau tU vao mdt danh muc tfii san gom khu vyc Mnh doanh trung tam, vfin phdng d ngoai d, efie phuong tipn vat cha't Hdn quan de'n cdng nghe cung nhU hnh vye khoa hpe, cdng nghe sinh hoc va nhflhg tai san cd lien quan de'n cdng nghe thdng tin.
Tuong lai hinh thfinh Cpng dong ASEAN vao nfim 2015 dang den gan, Idii
dd ASEAN se la thi trfldng chung v l hang hda vfi dich vu, khu vyc dau tU chung. Ne'u Viet Nam biet t r a n h thu cff hdi bkng he thd'ng giai phap tMch hop vdi tflhg ddi tac trong khu vye thi Viet Nam se thu hut khdi lupng vd'n FDI cd chat luong cao de gop phan khdi phuc ty Id tang trudng GDP trung binh dat dUpc 7,5 - 8% theo hudng ben vuhg.
Tuy nMen, theo cac nhfi dau tU ASEAN, Viet Nam can phai xay dung, hoan thidn he thd'ng Iuat phfip rd rang hon, nhat Ifi cac quy dinh, hUdng dfin thi hfinh luat d Viet Nam ebn qua phflc tap vdi nha dau tU nfldc ngoai. Can phai cd cac bidn phap d l giijp n h a dau tU nUdc ngoai dd dfing Meu vfi thyc hien luat khi de'n Vipt Nam vfi thuc day viee phat trien lao dpng tay nghe cao de ddn nhfin dbng dau tU cdng nghiep ngay cang nhieu trong tUffng lai gan./.
TAI LIEU THAIVI KHAO
1. C. Delauney & CR. Torriso (2012), FDI in Vietnam: An Empirical Study of an Economy Transition, Journal of Emerging Markets, Vol.4/2012.
2. Nhd ddu tu ASEAN vdn chgn Viet Nam.
Tap chi Tai chinh so' ra ngay 11/12/2012 3. Hop tdc Viet Nam ASEAN: Mgnh han.
rgng han, sdu hem. Vietnamese Diplomatic Missions 21/12/2012.
4. Vict Nam Id diem ddu tu /idp ddn thU 2 a ASEAN. VnMedia. VN ngfiy 7/4/2012
