Thilc tieh - Kinh nghiem
Gan i(et de phat trien ldnh te bien, dao Of Quang Nam
o NGUYIN HOANG YEN
Phd Chi cue trudng Chi cue Biin va hai dao Quang Nam
Q
uang Nam ludn quan tdm xdy dung vd hoan thidn ede chu truong, ki hopch vi khai thde, bao vi va phdt huy cde nguin Ipi tff biin, lam gidu tff biin dao... Dong tha, coi trpng sugdn kit, tao sffc manh npi luc digdp phin phdt triin kinh ti- xa hdi va bao vi chu quyin biin, dao.Kinh te'bien dao den nam 2020 Quang Nam cd bd bien dai tren 125 km2, thim luc dja keo dai 93km2, CO tilm nang di phat tnen kinh te biln rat Idn. Oae biet, each TP. Hpi An gan 20km v l phfa Odng la quan dao Cii Lao Cham vdi cac he sinh thai dac thii gdm quan the san hd va cac loai hai san da dang, phong phii cd gia trj kinh td cao, la khu bao tdn biln qud'c gia va khu du tru sinh quyin the gidi.
Xac dinh tam quan trpng cda biln ddi vdi phat trien cda tinh, thdi gian qua Quang Nam da ehu trpng phdt huy tiem nang, the manh cda biln va khu Vlfc ven biln; lap trung quy hoach, xSy dung ket cau ha tang, phat triln cac khu edng nghiep, du lich, dieh vy ven biln, ven sdng;
nang cao hieu qua nudi trdng, danh bit hai san... tao sU chuyen biln manh me v l phat trien KT- XH, nang cao ddi sd'ng nhan dan va bao dam qud'c phdng - an ninh.
Phat huy ldi the eiia mdt tinh ven biln, Quang Nam da de ra muc lieu cfinh hudng ve phat trien kinh te biln trong thdi gian tdi la:
Ph^n dau den n§m 2020, dua kinh t l biln va vimg ven biln phat triln manh, gid vai trd, vj tri quan trpng trong nln klnh te cda tinh; nang cao ddi sdng vat chit vd tinh thin
cda nhan dan viing ven bien; gid vdng on djnh ehinh trj, bao dam qudc phdng - a n ninh; giam nhe thien lai; bao tdn, tai tao ngudn lpi, bao ve tdt mdi trUdng sinh thai bien va vung ven bien.
Cac giai phap ddng bp Oe dat dupc muc lieu tren, Quang Nam day manh cdng tac tuyen truyen, gido due nang eao nhan thCfc ci^a cac cap, cac nganh, cac tang ldp nhan dan v l vj tri, vai trd va tam quan trpng ciia biln ddi vdi phat triln kinh le va bao dam qudc phdng - an ninh, nha't la cac cd quan, t l chdc, ngUdl dan lien quan tare tiep din biln. Quang Nam xem day la yeu cau cap thiet trudc mat va la van d l chien lupe cd ban, lau ddi; td do xac dinh va de cao trach nhiem cda loan xa hdi ddi vdi vide bao ve chii quyen viing biln.
Quy hoach tong the phat triln KT-XH vdng ven bien, xay dung eo sd ha tang phye vy ca hai nhidm vu la phat triln KT-XH va bao dam qud'c phdng - an ninh, Phat triln he thd'ng cap dien eho cae dao, da chd y phat triln rpng rai cac nguon ndng lupng mdi, nSng lupng sach (nang lupng gio, nang lupng mat trdi..,) bao dam cho dan eu eac dao dupe sd dung dien.
Oau tu phat trien vdng ven biln phia Ddng eiia tinh trd thanh vung kinh te ddng luc, tdp trung cac ngudn life di phat triln manh me Khu kinh te md Chu Lai; eac khu cdng nghiep, khu du Ijch, djch vy, ben eang, cae khu do thj d khu vuc ven biln. TrUdc mat, tap trung dau tu kit cau ha lang then chd't nhu cau Cda Dai, he thd'ng dudng ven bien, nao vet sdng Tnrdng Giang, Co Cd, Ky Ha, cang Tam Hiep; ket hpp vdi xay dung eae edng trinh ha tang vUa phuc vu nhu cau dan sinh, phat trien kinh te, vda bao dam qudc phdng - an ninh va cd kha nang doi phd vdi tac dpng cda BOKH, nhit la ehdng bao, sdng than, nude biln dang...
Tang eUdng nang lue quan ly nha nudc vd bien, viing ven biln, Thuc hien td't cdng tac qude phdng - an ninh, tfch cue tham gia hpp tae khu Vlfc va ddi ngoai ve biln. Tao
^eu kien cho ngU dan dupe vay vdn uu dai di ddng mdi, nang cap tau thuyen, dap dhg yeu cau vUdn xa d l danh bat, khai thac hai san va mua sam cae thilt bj, phUdng tien can thid't nhU may dd tim ea, may djnh vj, mdy do dp sdu, bd dam nham phuc vy thdng tin, lien lac kjp thdi di tranh bao, phat hien tau thuyen la xam Iln ngu trUdng,
Tdi nguydn va M61 trudng | Ky 2 - Thang 3/2013 3 3
cac hanh vi pha hoai mdi trUdng sinh thai va cac boat ddng budn lau tren biln. Tang cUdng cac djeh vu tim kidm cdu nan, edu hp bao dam an toan cho ngudi va cae phUdng tidn hoat dpng tren bien, dap irng yeu cau cija cdng tac tim kie'm cdu nan va dng phd kip thdi, tai chd trdn eac dao va tren cac viing biln khi cd thien tai, tai nan xay ra. Hidn nay, tmh cung da phd'i hdp vdi Vien Dau khf xay dung ke hoach phdng ngUa va img phd sU cd Iran dau.
Phat triln nhanh va ben vdhg du lich VLing dao trong sU gan ke't vdi cac trung tam dd thj, cac khu du hch Idn ven bien, sdm dUa du Ijch dao thuc su trd thanh nganh kinh te mui nhpn. Xem phat triln du ljeh la hudng trpng diem trong phat trien kinh te dao trong thdi gian tdi.
Chil trpng phat triln viing va lien ket viing; day manh giao luu, hdp lac vdi tinh Quang Ngai, TP.
Da Ning va cac dia phUdng trong khu VUc Trung Trung Bp; ddng thdi, triln khai thuc hien phan cap quan ly nha nudc vimg bien, viing ven bien va ndi thdy do tlnh quan ly.
Phat triln ngudn nhan lUc va day manh cdng tae giao dye va dao lao, gan vdi nhu eau phat trien KT-XH viing biln, Xay dung ed ehi, chinh sach va ke hoach dao tao ngudn nhan lUe eho cac nganh kinh te cd lien quan de'n bien; hd trd dao tao cae nganh nghd khai thac hai san, chu trpng uu lien dao tao hpc sinh, lao ddng cae xa ngheo vung bai ngang ven biln, cdn bai ven sdng.
Lien ke^ va phat huy gia trj bao tdn bien
Hien nay, dpe vung biln ven bd cda tinh Quang Nam, mdt sd cac khu bao tdn tU nhien mang lfnh chat cdng ddng da va dang dupc hinh thanh. Trong do, cd Khu bao ton biln Cu Lao Cham, bao vd rdng dda nudc Cam Thanh, Hdi An
va Khu bao ve he sinh thai ran san hd Tam Hai, Ndi Thanh. Khu bao tdn biln va cac khu bao ve cap cpng ddng vdi sU tham gia cda ngudi dan da phUdng, da va dang gdp phan nang eao hieu qua dau tU ciia nha nUdc. PhUdng cham nha nudc va nhan dan eiing lam da mang lai nhilu dau hieu tfch cUc va hidu qua tai khu bao tdn bien va cac khu bad ve cap cpng ddng.
Khu bao ton biln Cd Lao Cham dupc thanh lap tdnam 2005 vdi long dien tich loan khu la 235 km2, dupc phan chia thanh cac vung chdc nang khac nhau bao gdm vimg bao ve nghiem ngat, viing phye hdi sinh thai va vdng phat triln. Cac vimg chdc nang nay duac hinh thanh nham ho trp cho edng ddng Cd Lao Cham quan ly va bao ve cae hd smh thai biln dac trung bao gdm san hd, co bien, ran da ngam, bai biln,,, va cac cdng ddng sinh vat bien di kdm, t h i hien tfnh ODSH cao va ngudn lpi thuy san phong phd.
Trong nhdng nam qua, Khu bao ton biln Cu Lao Cham da ho trp dac luc cho cdng ddng ngudi dan dia phuong khdng nhdng ve mat bao ton ma edn gdp phan phat trien sinh ke cac lang ehai, dae biet la loai hinh du ljeh sinh thai cdng ddng. Tuy nhien, ben canh su phat trien, Khu bao tdn biln Cii Lao Cham da va dang gap nhieu thach thdc, nhat la vide khai thac thuy san cda ngu dan ben ngoai Cii Lao Cham.
Oe giam thilu nhung thach thdc nay, mang ludi cac khu bao tdn dpe theo viing bd Quang Nam can phai dupc thanh lap nham nang eao su tham gia cda cpng ddng cac dja phuong vad edng tac bao ton, khai thac hpp ly, ddng thdi chia se kinh nghiem, gia tang Ipi fch tcr su hpp lae va md rdng dien tich bao tdn.
Trong tUdng lai, de phat huy dupc hieu qua cda bao tdn biln tai Quang Nam, mdt sd khu bao ldn.
bao ve cap edng dong can dUpc xay dung nhu bao tdn rdng ngap man tai Vung An Hoa, huydn Hiii Thanh, rdng dUa nUde lai thdn Tjch Tay, huydn Ndi Thanh, eac vdng dat ngap nudc thupe sdng Trudng Giang, vung da't ngap nUde thudc sdng C6 Cd
Odng thdi, tren cd sd cac khu bao ton, bao ve cap cpng ddng, mang ludi bao tdn bien can dUdc hinh thanh. Mang ludi nay se lay Khu bao tdn bien CuiLao Cham - mpt Khu bao ton bien vdi quy mo
"ehinh quy" lam hat nhan, try cpt de ket ndi cac khu bao tdn, bao ve ve tinh xung quanh hoae la cac nhanh trong mang ludi.
Su hinh thanh mang ludi bao tdn mang lai nhieu thuan ldi nham dat muc lieu lau ben cua bao ton biln la bao dam duoc sU phat triln ben vdng treng viec sd dyng ngudn ldi ODSH biln, nang cao ddi sd'ng eiia ngudi dan dia phUdng thdng qua cac no lUc sau:
Mang ludi bao ton edp cdng ddng gdp phan hd trp kinh nghiem quan ly, tuan tra, giam sat, nghien cdu, phat triln sinh ke, du ijch sinh thai, quan ly rac thai tai moi khu bao tdn, bao vd rieng biet thdng qua cae boat dpng chia se kmh nghiem, truyen thdng, dao tao, chuyen gia... Odng thdi, tang cudng kiem soat va giam sat trong mang ludi, bao ve dupc vung bien rpng hdn, giam dupe cae mau thuin ldi fch eda ngudi khai thac trong va ngoai tai cac khu bao ton.
Mang ludi bao tdn cap cong ddng se ho trp cho cac gia trj gia tang trong bao ve ngudn lpi theo each tie'p can he sinh thai. Hieu dng tran lU cac vung bao ve tuyet ddi cda khu bao tdn bien va eac khu bao ve nhanh trong mang iudi se CO dieu kien gia tang va td 36 nguon Ipi thuy san se dUdc phuc hdi, phat triln nhanh ehdng va bin vung trong viing biln rdng ldn hdn cua tmh Quang Nam.B 3 4 Tdi nguyen vd Mdi trudng | Ky 2 - Thang 3/2013
