hw tir aViet truyki d^ tiKHig

Hoat dong truyki thong trong phat trien d ^ tiKHig ttiam gia bao hiem xa hw tir nguyen aViet Nam hien nay

BtaOuynhAnh

Khoa Bao h i ^ Truong D$ hoc Kmh t^ 0u6c d

Ko hi^m xa hOi la ehinh saeh an sinh xa hOi uu vi$i, nhan van nham dAm bAo cudc sdng cua eae lAng Idp dAn cu. COng lAe ttuy^n ttiOng ve chinh sAch bAo higm xa hOi (BHXH)eAn dut^c tang e u ^ g , thge hiin bAi ban d6 ngueri dAn hl^u vA ttaeh nhi$m va quy^n iqi cua minh. lir dd tg nguydn. ig giac Iham gia. D$c bi$l la ttidi di^m hi^n 1^.

khi Vi$l Nam dang n6 Igc d^ phat tti^n doi iugng tham gia BHXH ndi ehung, BHXH ig nguy$n nOi riAng.

I.JHarketing hon hirp va cai each quan ly bao hiem xa tioi

l.I Marketing hdn hqp cho dich vu cOng D|ch vg eOng - public service - eO quan h$ chat ehe vdi ph^m IrO hang hda edng eOng. TCr gdc dO ehii th^

quAn \f nhA nude, eAe nha nghien euu hAnh ehinh cho ring d|ch vg cdng IA nhttng hogt dOng eua co quan nha nude trong viic thgc thi ehue nang quAn ly hanh chinh nha nude va dam bao cung ung cac hang hda cAng cOng phgc vg nhu cAu chung, thiet y^u eua xa hOi. Gdc do nghlAn euu nay nhAn mgnh vai IrO va IrAch nhi$m eua nhA nude dO'i vdi nhung hoal dOng cung cAp hang hda eOng cong Tren thgc te', khai ni^m va phgm vi dteh vg eOng se bi^n dOi luy thudc vAo bdi cAnh cua m6i qud'c gia.

Theo nghra rOng, djeh vg c6ng la nhung hang hoa, djeh vg ma Chinh phu ean Ihi^p vAo vi0e eung cAp nhAm mgc ttAu hieu qua va cong bAng. Theo dd, djeh vg c6ng IA lAl cA nhung hogl dOng nham thgc hi^n ckc chiic nang vdn cd eua Chinh phu, bao gOm Hi cac hogl dOng ban hanh chinh sach, phAp luat, toa An...

cho de'n nhCmg hogl dOng y IA', giAo dge, giao IhOng cfing eOng, BHXH.

Theo nghla h?p, d|eh vg cOng duge hieu IA nhung liAng hoA, dich vg phgc vg tn/c tie'p nhu cAu eiia cae 16 chuc vA cOng dan ma Chfnh phii ean ttiiep vao vi^c cung cAp nhAm mge ttAu hiOu qua va eong bang, l^Ong hogt dOng vi mgc ttOu Igi nhuan.

CAc logi hogt dOng ttiuong duge coi la djeh vg eOng nhu qudc phOng, an ninh, phAp che, d^n cac chinh sAch kinh t^ — xa hOi Cao \i^e lAm, quy hogch. bao vf mfli ttudng, va eAe hogl ddng y 10', giAo dge, van hoa, BHXH,...). Dich vg eOng ed dAc di^m eo ban nhu Unh

^0 hlnh, khOng th^ phan ehia, khong dOng nhAt va

•'hOng thi cAt ttu. CAe dae di^m nAy IA cho vi^e quAn ly cung e ^ dich vg eOng eo nhimg khd khan nhAt d|nh.

Hogl dOng quAn ly khu vuc djeh vg cOng a nhi^u nude,

ttong dO c6 Y\it Nam hiOn nay dl theo mO hinh quAn If eOng mdl. Theo dd, hogl dOng quAn ly eOng cAn phAi dAm bAo chAt lugng, thi hiin qua hi^u quA dgt duge eua hogl dOng.Tu quan di^m nhu vAy, cAe nguyOn \f marketing vdn dl Irudfc day la cdng cg quAn \f eua cAc doanh nghiOp d khu vge lu nhAn da duge van dgng linh hogt vao hogl dOng cua eAe lO ehue eOng.

Markettng la mOl hO thOng ldng th^ cAc hogl dOng cua td ehue duge IhiOl kO nhAm hogeh djnh, dgt giA, xuc tiOn va phAn phO'i cAc san phAm, djeh vg, f tudng dO dAp ling nhu cAu eua thj IruOng mge lieu vA dgi duge eae mge liOu eua lO chuc (Iheo Hi^p hOi MarkeUng M\ - AMA). Nhung thap ky euOi eua thO k^

XX, ly IhuyOt Marketing eO nhung thay ddi, dgc biOl phil hgp vdi eae mge tiOu vA dAc trung cua quAn ly cOng. Quan diOm quAn ly mdi Irong khu vge djeh vg cOng hOi Ig vdi cAc 1^ IhuyOl Marketing r> chO dOu hudng loi khaeh hang, eoi kh^ch hang la tam diOm Irong cac hogl dOng eiia l6 chuc; coi khach hang IA Imng tam ciia mpi sg quan lAm. NhiOu td chuc eOng, Irong do cd l6 ehue BHXH dimg marketing dO gay anh hudng, duy tri sg thay dOi hAnh vi lanh mgnh va cd lgi cho xa hpi; tang viOc su dgng djeh vg hoac xay dgng sg thoa man cua khach hang vdi djeh vg dang eung cAp. Vi \a>', eae l6 chdc nay ehii yOu van dgng cAc eOng eg marketing h6n hgp, lAp trung nhiOu nhAt vAo eAe hogl dOng xue tiOn — hogt dOng im>^n thOng.

1.2 Cai cAch quan If bao hiOm xA h^i theo hudng dich vu khAch hAng

Xei lir bAn ehAl vA dac diem eua bAo hiOm ndi ehung, BRXH vira c6 Iinh kinh ti, vira cd ttnh xa hOi va CO ttnh djeh vg. Cf hAu hOl eac quOe gia ttOn thO gidi, dich vu BHXH thudc khu vuc djeh vg cOng, chu yOu do Nha nude hue li^p cung ung ihOng qua viOc thanh lAp va di^u hanh cae t6 chiic BHXH. Luat BHXH ciia Viet Nam khang d|nh "Bao hiOm xa hOi \ ici Nam la ca quan nha nude IhuOc Chinh phu, eo chuc nang lO

111

NGHI^CUU

ehue thgc hiOn cac chO d<>, ehinh saeh I M O h i ^ m xa hOi, bAo hiOm y lO; td chuc thu. chi chO dO bAo h i ^ m thAt nghiOp; quAn ly vA sir dung cae qu^: Bao \aim xA hOi, bAo hiOm thAt nghiOp. bao hiOm y tO; ttianh tra chuyOn ngAnh viOe ddng bAo hiOm xa hOi, bao hiOm IhAl nghiOp, bao hiOm y lO theo qu>- djnh cvia phap luat".

Hogt dOng quAn K* BHXH 6 nhiOu nude l i e n thO gidi dang ed nhung tha> ddi k i n . bdi ap Igc gAn vdi hogt dOng quAn ly ddi hdi ptiai tang hiOu qua hogt dOng ^"a thoA m a n nhu eAu ciia nhdng nguoi sir dgng dleh vq BHXH. CAi cAch quAn iy hogl dOng BHXH eua eo quan BHXH eac qudc gia l>At dAu vdi quan diOm dua mgc tteu quAn ly chuong trinh BHXH \ ^ eAc ttg eAp BHXH hudng vAo khAch hAng. Chinh vi vay, eo quan BHXH xAc djnh cAc nhu cAu \a mong muO'n cua khAch hang IA djnh hudng cAi each khi xAy dgng su mOnh va lAm nhin cua cAi eAeh quAn \f. Trong quA trinh eAi cAch, eAe eo quan BHXH coi viOc truyOn thOng tiOn tge cho khAch hAng la yOu td quan trgng dO c d duge sg ung hO, dOng thuAn lir khach hang. Khach hang eiia co quan BHXH ed dae diOm IA khdng dOng nhAl, hAnh vi liOn quan dOn nhiOu nhan Id khae nhau nhu van hoA, xa hOi, tam 1^, dAc diOm ca nhan. Do d d , marketing duge vAn dgng vao qua trinh quan \f hogl d < ^ eua cac i d chuc BHXH, dac biOl la trong eae m d l quan hO giao djeh vdi nguoi ttiam gia BHXH va ngudi thg hudng quyOn Igi BHXH. Hogl ddng iruyOn thOng duge eoi la biOn phap ttch cgc lam Ihay ddi suy nghi va IhAi do cua ngudi dan ndi ehung, eua nguoi lao dOrig vA ngudi su dgng lao dOng ndi rieng ddi vdi BHXH. Vai tid eua hogl dOng truyOn thdng trong quAn \f BHXH thO hiOn eg thO nhu sau:

- Cung cAp thOr^ tint, phd biOn kiOn thiic, giup ddi hjgng duge truydn thOng hiOu biit vA nhAn thuc rO hon vO BHXH, nAm rO duge hinh thiic vA eae txjdc thgc hiOn eua mOt qua tiinh liOn quan dOn BHXH. Cae hAnh vi vi phgm p h ^ luAl vO BHXH nhu tidn nq hay gian lAn, ttge Igi BHXH eung sO giAm bdl. TrOn phgm vi rOng hon, eOng chung duge tniyOnn ttiOr^ vO BHXH nhAn ttiiic duge tAm quan ttpng ciia chinh sAch BHXH trong mdi quan hO vdi cAe ehinh sach kinh tO - xa hOi khae.

- Gdp [rfiAn dua ehinh sAch BHXH vAo cuoc sdng. ^ u p chinh sAeh BHXH eo tinh hiOu Igc eao hon. triOn khai ttiuan Igi hon. D i n g ttidi ^ l i p eae nhA h o ^ dinh ehinh saeh ed thO sua ddi, bd sung, hoan IhiOn chinh sadi.

- Giup l6 chuc BHXH hiOu r d , hiOu diing vO nOl dung ehinh saeh BHXH trxKTC khi chinh saeh duge thuc ttu ttong ttige t^. Dong ttidi, eac phAn h6i qua qua trinh truydn thOng giup cac bO cac eAp cua td ehiic BHXH c d thi dua ra cae quyOt sach mOt eAch h g p ly

• TruyOn tAi \ a trao ddi kinh nghiOm tttjng iiOc cung eAp djeh vg BHXH giua t6 ehiic BHXH eac cAp ttong loan bO hO ttidng va giiia cAe td ehtie BHXH trOn thO gioi \ a i nhau. 6 lAm qudc gia, cAe ttiOng diOp ttnyOn ttiOng vO BHXH liOn quan dOn hogeh djnh vA td chiie

1 1 2 .c,..- - . C « . ^ A - T M * , B . « - D . ^ » r T „ „ , 6 n r 7 1 „

^ttigc ttii chinh S i c h cd h i i u ^ ^ ^ " Z % t l S ^ phil hpp vxSi h i ttidng an sinh sa h i i quor S "

ktp U i n b d cua c i c nude k h i c .

2. Phat Wen M l Iirong tliara gia bao lilem xa hgi hr ngiiyei i Viet Nam

• S P vdi c i e nude ttin U i i gidi IW s i lupng O i l lupng ttiam gia b i o h i i m xa h i i d nude la v i n e i n ttiip d o d d dsT ra r i i n h i i u c i c v i n d i nan g i i . ttong e h i r * s i e h an sinh xa h i i . D i e b i i l , d m i n g BHXH ttiin khai ttieo Mnh ttiuc I g nguyin, s i lupng d i i >wng Uiam gia BHXH cdn r i i h*n c h i . Theo ttiing k i cua BHXH V i i t Nam, cudi nam 2018 l o i n q u i e cd ttin 360.000 ngudi dang ttiam gia BRXH IV nguyin. Sang nam 2019, vol s u n6 luc kin ciia n g i n h BHXH ttong ttiin khai ttigc h i i n Nghi q u y i l sd 2 8 - N ( y r W v i c i i c i c h chinh s i c h BHXH cOng n h u su v i o cudc eiia c i h i Uiing chinh Ul - x i h i l , v i i c p h i l ttiin ngudi Uiam gia BHXH Ig n g u y i n d i d ^ l dupe k i l q u i dang ghi n h j n . S i ngudi Iham gia lang m d i ttong n i m 2019 d i b i n g l i n g s i ngudi v i n d i n g dupc ctia 10 nam Uude d i • hon 551.000 ngudi, l i n g 281.000 ngudi so vdi nam 2018. Tuy n h i i n , d i y v i n l i con sd k h i i m l i n so vdi 30 ttiiu ngudi Ihg^c doi lupng Iham gia BHXH Ig nguyin O i m nang. V i i l N a m c i n lang d i bap phu eua BHXH, d i N h i nude c d t h i l i p tmng vap nhdng d i i tupng chua dupe h i o v i , vdi mgc dich d i m b i o r i n g mgi ngudi d i u n h ^ d u p c h i Ifp kill c i n . Bi m d r i n g d i i n bao phu BHXH, d i i vdi Igc lupng lao d i n g ttiuic d i i n d i n g bao i i i i m b i i bude ma chua ddng, eae eo quan chire nang p h i i c d g l i l p h i p l o i n d i i n di bao vi q u y i n Ipi chp ngudi lao ddng; m d rpng, d i i mdi bao h i i m l u n g u y i n ttin c o sd CO quan b i o h i i m coi ngudi ddng b i o h i i m n h u k h i c h h i n g v i ed sg k i l n i i giua b i o h i i m b i t b u d c va bao h i i m l u nguyin; chi d^o, glao ehi U i u . ttich n h i i m m d r i n g BHXH cho limg dja phuong.Theo d d , nganh BHXH xae dinh rd mgc U i u nam 2020 h o i l i ttianh c i c chi Ueu d g l o i n dgpe Thii ludng Chfnh p h i i glao. P h i n d i u sd ngudi Uiam gla BHXH c h i i m ty 1$

35% so vdi luc lupng lao dpng; ttong dd ndng dan v i lao dpng khu vgc phi chinh Uiue Uiam gia BHXH til nguyen c h i i m k h o i n g 1% lge luong lao d i n g ttons d d m i l D i n nam 2025, k h o i n g 45% lue lupng lao ddng ttong dp l u i l ttam gia BHXH, ttong d i ndng dan va lao d i n g khu vvc phi chinh ttiiic ttiam gla BHXH ttr n g u y i n e W i m k h o i n g 2,5% Igc lupng lao dong ttong d d l u i l . D i n nam 2030, k h o i n g 60% Igc l u < L lap ddng ttong d d h i i l ttiam gia BHXH, ttong d d S d S v i lao ddng khu w e phi chinh Uiiie ttia^ gia B m H m n g u y i n c h i i m khoang 5% lge Igpng lap d i n g tt^dd

QuyOl dinh ttiam sia BHXH hr nn,„ -

d i n ehiu sg lac dpng L a r i T u y i u , r t t p " n . ' d d " T

lupng ttiam g i a B i ^ . c S v r d g ^ ^ h ^ ^ h t r m ' - t

ing mix, v i die biil col ttpng hoal dpng ttuyin Uidng ciia CO quan nhi nude ndi chung v i cua BHXH \"i^t Nam ndi riing v i BHXH.

3. Hoal dong buyen Qiong trong phat hien dot Ufng diaiii gia bao hiem xa hoi hr nguy|n i Viet Nam hien nay

Trong ttidi gian qua, IPin he Ihdng BHXH da ttigc hiin rii nhlig ho^l ddng trgyin thdng tdi cae dii lupng c i liin quan v i y nghla. Ipi ich cua ehinh saeh BHXH; diy m^inh Imyin ttiing d i ngudi lao ddng khing Iva chpn nhin BHXH I lin; va dac biil dpi mdl nil dung tmyin thing v i BHXH d i phai ttiin m^nh dil lupng Iham gla BHXH.BHXH Viil Nam da phai huy vai tri chii ddng. sing tgp ttong chi dgo co quan BHXH cie cip ling cudng cdng tic ttuyin Ihing vdi nhim dil lupng tham gia BHXH tp nguyin.Chinh sich BHXH hudng tdi bip dim an sinh xa hdi ttpng dai hgn.

cie chi d i dupe Ihge hiin theo nguyin tie ddng - hudng. tuy timg Inrdng hpp eg Ihi lgi cd nhtmg quyin Ipl, miie hudng riing, khi phuc Igp, vi viy cing tic trayin thing ehlnh sieh, phip luit BHXH luin cd nhing khd khin. thich Ihiie die Ihu.Nam 2020, dgi djeh Covld-19 cd nhiing inh hudng mgnh me din ddl sing xa hil ciia nude la, ding Ihdi din Idi nhung Uiich Ihirc v i ddi hdi khdng nhd Irong viic bio dim cic mge Uiu v i phit Iriin d i i tupng tham gia BHXH nil Chung v i BHXH Ig nguyin ndi riing.Nam 2020 cQng l i Ihdi diim diu tiin Iriin khai Quyit d|nh s i 1676/QD-TTg ngiy 21-11-2019 phi duyil Bi i n d i i mdi loin diin nil dung, hlnh Ihiic va phuong phip tuyin tniyin BHXH nhim chuyin biin mgnh me ttong nh?n Ihlic. id dd tgo sg ding thuin Irong qua Irinh xay dgng va thge hiin ehinh sieh BHXH.

Bi i n dua ra 04 n i l dung d i i mdi (I) Phin dinh rd Uieh nhlim Irong Igyin tmyin BHXH; 00 Ddi mdi v i nil dung tuyin tmyin; (Ui) Oil mdi v i hinh Uiue tuyin Imyin v i (Iv) Ddi mdi v i phuong phip tuyen ttuyen.

Cac nil dung d i i mdi dupc dira ra nhim khic phge nhung hgn ehi cua cdng lie tuyin ttgyin v i BHXH tmde diy.

Phin djnh rd ttich nhi$m trong tuyin ttuyin BHXH. Co quan quin ly nhi nude v i BHXH chiu ttaeh nhiim chi dgo. djnh hudng, kiim Ira, danh gii cdng lie luyin Imyin BHXH, ehii Irpng Ihge Win luyen Uuyin Iheo chiin d|ch gin vdi viic sua doi. hoin Uliin ehlnh sieh BHXH.Co quan td chuc ttige hiin ehlnh sich BHXH chju ttich nhlim .xiy dgng k i hogch luyin tmyin BHXH v i chu ttong ttigc hiin tuyin ttuyin thudng xuyin nhim Uep cin. ttiuyil phge ngudi din ehii ddng Iham gia BHXH.

Bii mdi ndi dung luyin Uiiyin lu chii Irpng luyin Imyin. phi biin ndi dung chinh sach. phip lual sang Uiyen ttuyin v i Ipi ieh. vai ttd, y nghia va nhung nij dung cii eieh cua chinh sich BHXH. Hing nim. IP chuc Uiing vgn ddng triin khai BHXH loan dan nham

thu hul sv chu y cua mpi ting Idp niiin din ddi vdi chinh sich BHXH.

Tang eudng cach Uip cin tuyin ttuyin BHXH dga

tiin nin ling cing nghi song song \'di hinh Ihuc

luyin iniyen miing, Inic Uip. Phii hpp ddng bd cic hinh ttiuc luyin Imyin hiin dgi dga ttin nin ting cdng nghe vdi cae sin phim ttuyin thdng cd chit lupng \e ndi dung, hinh thiic nhu videp cUp. mega story. infographics; Uip lge phil Iriin, ddl mdl v i ning eao ehii lupng, hiin qua hinh ttiuc tuyin Imyin miing, ttge Uip. Cin cin nhic lira chpn hinh Ihiic luyen ttuyin phu hpp limg nhdm ddi lupng \a phi hpp diiu kiin ep sd v$I ehit cua lung d(a phupng. Tip ttung nang cao chit lupng, md ring dpi ngQ luyin ttuyin vien \ i BHXH: ehu trpng lip huin, bdi dudng eho dpi ngO giing vien nguin v i tuyin tmyin BH.\H.

tgyin Imyin vien v i BHXH i i can bd. cing chiic. win chiic va ngudi co uy tin. kiin Ihiic. am hiiu v i chinh sich BHXH.

Tip ttung d i i mdl v i phupng phip luyin tmyin BHXH. Xay dgng k i hogch luyin luyin BHXH hing nam va limg glal dogn. ein eg Ihi k i hogeh tuyin ttuyin BHXH Ihudng xuyen v i k i hpgeh luyin Imyin BHXH Uien chiin d|eh. Uu liin luyin Imyin thep chiin d|ch ttong giai dogn thi chi hda eic nil dung eii cich chinh sach BHXH.

Thgc hiin giim sai. dinh gii k i l qui luyin Imyin BHXH: qua dd xiy dgng bd chi sd giim sil. dinh gii k i l qui hiyin tmyin BHXH theo lung giai dogn; kiim tra giim sat. danh gii so k i l . ling k i l vlec Uipe hiin luyen ttuyin BHXH Iheo limg giai dogn; ed hlnh Ihdc ddng vien. khen Uiudng hpp ly dii vdi cac Id chuc, ca nhan Uch cue ttiam gla Ihdng Un. luyin Imyin. Ddng Uidi lang eudng eic biin phip phdng, tt^nh v i xir ly nhung khting hoing Imyin thdng v i BHXH nhim eung ed viing chic niim Un eua ngudi din vao h i Uidng BHXH.

Nhu vgy. ddi mdi cdng tie luyin ttuyin. phi biin v i BHXH ttr nguyin. da dgng hdg cic hinh thuc. md rpng \e pham vi ddi lupng v i phii hpp vdi llnh chit dgc ttiu eua limg nhdm ddi tupng. vung miin, lip ttung tuven ttuyin vap cie ddl lupng cd diiu kiin va kha nang Uiam gia, cic d i i lupng thudc diin ehlnh sieh uu tiin ho ttg tiin ddng tu ngin sieh nhi nuric'

Tai lieu tham lihao

Nghi quyet sd 28-N(yrW ngiy 23 ttiing 5 nam 2018 cua Hdi nghi lin ttiu biy Ban Chip hinh Tmng upng Khda XU ve cii each ehinh sich BHXH

Quyel dinh sd 1676/QO-TTg ngay 21-11-2019 phi dmel D i an ddi mdi loan diin nil dung, hinh Ihiic v i phuong phap tuyin tmyin BHXH

\\-\\'vv.baohienixahoi.gov.vn

( I N H Tt CHAU *

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