%u&KfBiMhn)iiu S 6 1 (298)-2017
PHAP LUAT Tii TUNG DAN Sir VI|T NAM v i THUC H I £ N QUYEN liif PHAP
I TS. T R A N PHUaNG THAO *
Tdm tdt: Bdi viet phdn tich cdc quy dinh cua Bd ludt To lung ddn su nam 2015 ve thyv hien quyen lu phdp, chi ra cdc diem mai cua Bg lugl ndy vd tren ca sa do neu len nhiing ihdch ihirc. khd khdn cdn phdi gidi quyet irong viec thuc hi4n quyen luphdp theo cdc quy dinh mdi ndy.
Abstract: This paper analyzes not only regulations of Vietnam Civil Procedure Code 2015 about implementing Judicial power but also points out several new pwvisions of this code. Based on that, the author also offers some challenges and difficulties which need lo be solved lo implementing Judicial power under these neii' regulations of Vietnam Civil Proceduie Code 2015.
I. Khdi qudt chung ve quyen t u phdp vd thyc hipn quyen t u phdp theo phdp luat
Trong nghien ciiu khoa hpe phdp ly da ed rat nhieu edeh gidi thich ve tu phdp, quyen tu phdp va thyc hipn quyen tu phdp. Tir vipc tham khao nhffng ket qud nghien euu' ed the xac djnh. de nghien ciiu mOt cdch day du, toan dien nhdt ve quyen tu phdp va thye hipn quyen tu phdp theo phap lugt thi phai nghien ciiu ve mgt sd van dc eo ban sau:
- Nghien eihi ve ede quy djnh cua phdp luat ve quyin xdt xir, quyen gidi thich lugt, quyen tgo ra an
!p cua Tda an.
- Nghien euu cdc quy dinh eua phap luat ve hogt dpng dp dyng phap lu(it ciia he thdng eac ca quan bao ve phdp lugt nhu Vipn kiem sat. co quan dieu tra, thi hdnhdn... vacdc caquan bd trg tu phap de bdo dam thyc hipn quyen xel xu dat dugc hieu qua eao nhdt.
- Nghien cira cae quy djnh cua phdp lugt ve co ehi kiem sodt nhdm trdnh Igm dyng quySn tu phdp
hong hogt ddng xet xu, dam bdo viec thyc thi quyen xet xii dung vd hipu qua.
2. Quyen tu phap vd thyc hipn quyin tu phdp trong phap luat to tung dan su Vi^t Nam
Trong he thdng vdn ban phdp ludt td tyng dan su thi Bp lugt Td tyng dan sy la van ban dien hinh. ehu yeu nhdt. Bp ludt Td tyng dan su dau tien cua Viet Nam dupe ban hanh ndm 2004, sira ddi, bd sung nam 2011 vd ngay tii Bp lugt dau tien nay, quyen m phdp hay eu the hon la quyin xet xii dd duge khing djnh la do Tda an thyc hien. Den nay, Bd luat Td tyng ddn sy nam 2015 dugc danh gid cd nhieu quy dinh cy the ban, cd nhilu diem mdi tao ra budc tien dang ghi nhgn trong thanh tyu lap phdp cua Viet Nam. Nghien cim dudi goc do quyen tu phdp va thyc hipn quyen tu phap, Bp lugt Td tung ddn su nam 2015 la mpt trong nhiing van ban phdp ludt ciia Nha nude ihl thi hipn rd net vd sdu sac cac vdn de ndy qua eac npi dung sau:
* Dgi hgc Ludt Hd No
Ddn chCi & Phdp ludt 1 9
(JCudnDinkDda
3 6 1 (298)-2017.'./. Bp lugt Td tgng ddn su ndm 2015 dd co nhung quy d^nh dut khodt, ro rdng ve quyen xet xu, quyin gidi thich lugt, quyen tgo ra dn le cua Tda dn
Quyin hr phdp ma trpng tam Id quyen xet xu ciia Tda an khdng ehi duge khdng dinh Inrdc tien hong dao lugt gde Id Hien phap v a sau do la Luat Td ehire Tda dn nhdn dan ma hong nhiing vdn ban phap ludt lien quan nhu Bd ludt Td tyng dan sy vdn khdng djnh lgi quy djnh ndy. Ngav tai dieu luat dau tien eua Bg lugt Td tyng ddn sy nam 2015, quyen thay mdt Nhd nude xet xu hay quyen giai quyet cae vy vipe ddn sy, hdn nhdn gia dinh, kinh doanh thucmg mgi, lao ddng cua Tda dn da duge ghi nhgn^ va eung ngay tgi Dieu 1 Bd lugt Td tyng ddn sy ndm 2015 cung khdng djnh myc dich cua viec thyc hien quyen tu phap md trpng tdm Id quyen xet xir Id "bao vc edng ly, bao vc quyen eon ngudi, quyen edng ddn, bdo vp ehe dp xa hpi chu nghia, bao vp Igi ich ciia Nha nude, quyen vd Igi ich hgp phdp cua eo quan, td chuc, cd nhdn; giao dye mgi ngudi nghiem chinh chap hanh phdp lugt". Sau Dieu 1, Bg ludt Td tyng ddn su ndm 2015 cdn rit nhieu dieu lugt khac quy djnh vl quyin xet xu vd thyc hi?n quyen xet xu ciia Tda an. Nhiing dilm mdi eiia Bp lugt Td tyng dan su ndm 2015 vl quyen xet xir va thyc hipn quyin xet xu:
Thu nhdt. so vdi Bp lugt trudc, quyin xet xir va thyc hi?n quyen xet xir cua Tda dn dupe edng nhgn vdi phgm vi rgng hon, theo mdt tinh thin quylt lipt hon.
De minh ehimg cho dilu ndy, ehiing ta cd till tham khdo mpt ngi dung mdi dugc quy djnh bd sung hong Dilu 4 Bp lugt Td tyng dan sy ndm 2015: Tda dn khdng dugc tir ehdi giai quylt vu v ice ddn sy vi ly do ehua ed dieu lugt dl dp dyng. Cd till ndi day la mpt tiidi dp rdt quyet lipt eiia Nha nude la bdi tu hude den nay ehiing ta chua ldn ndo ddm vugt qua
O Ddn chi!! & Phdp ludt
nguyen tdc viec xet xir ciia Tda an phdi dugc dya vio lugt da ed. Vdi quy djnh bd sung ndy vira tgo dgi^
luc cho Tda an tiiyc hien bet tiiam quyin ciia mii4 vi quyin xet xu cua Tda an dugc md rpng, nhui^
ddng tiidi eung Igi tgo dp lyc cho Tda dn: Khrag co ludt dl dp dyng thi cd gidi quyet dupe, gidi quy&
dung nhung vy vipe do hay khdng? Khi dd, Ngairfi Tda an chdc chin se gap rat nhieu khd khdn khi thyc hien quy dinh radi nay nhung vdi djnh hudng i!^ eo hong ludt gde la ludt dan sy^: Ap dyng tgp quan,ap dung tuong ty, dp dyng cdc nguyen tdc ca ban, ap dung an Ip, dp dyng le cdng bdng, binh ddng, ttu ehung ta hy vgng quyen tu phap giao eho Tda dn sf dupe thye hipn triet de va hieu qud.
Tim hai, Bp luat Td tyng dan sy ndm 2015 co bd sung quy djnh mpt sd npi dung mdi ve chung minh - mpt trong nhiing bipn phdp quan trpng nhit, CO ban nhat de thyc hien quyen tu phdp ma trpng tdm la quyen xet xu eua Tda an.
Khac vdi td tyng hinh sy la Nha nude phai ehung minh ngudi cd hdnh vi nguy hiSm eho \l hpi la tpi phgm thi trong td tyng dan sy, duang sv cd yeu cau Tda dn gidi quyet phai ehiing minh bdng ehiing eii de bao ve quyen, Igi ich cua minh.
Tda an dugc xem gidng nhu trpng tdi xem x^
ddnh gia ben duong sy ndo cd ehiing cu chimg minh thuyet phye ban thi Tda dn sg bdo v? quyen.
Ipi ich cho ben dd. Nhu vgy, mpt hong nhDng nguyen tde khi Tda dn thyc hipn quyin xet xii li nguyen tdc ehiing minh. Bp lugt Td hing dan sy ndm 2015 cd bd sung mpt npi dung rat mdi Iatnr6c phien tda, Tda an phdi md cdc phien hpp de cung cap, tiep can, thdng tin, giii eho nhau vl chung c&
ciia cdc ben duang sy*. Day la rapt budc tiln m6i hong viec hoan thien phap lugt td tyng dan sy ve chirag minh, bdi vdi co hpi cua duong sy dirpc cung cdp, dugc biet trude chirag cir eiia ben ddi lip trudc phien tda thi vipc thyc hipn quyen xet xiJcili
•mdn Dink Ddu 3 6 1 (298)-2017
!)a an se minh bgeh, dung din hem.
Thu ba, Bg lugt Td tung dan su ndm 2015 cimg lu Bg lugt Td tyng dan sy ndm 2004 (sua ddi, bd ing nam 2011) rat ehii trpng khdng djnh nguyen e thyc hipn quyen xet xii eua Tda an nhung phdi n trpng quyen thda thudn, quyen duge Tda an ghi ldn su thda thudn cua duong su.
Khi cd yeu eau, Tda an cd quySn x6t xu, gidi jyet vy vipc dan sy, nhung hong sudt qua trinh da an gidi quyet vy an dan su, Tda dn phdi tdn png quyen thda thugn eua duong sy bdi duong I mdi Id chu the cua quyin, Ipi ich hong vy an. Vi nang sy cd quyen thda thudn vdi nhau nen Tda an 3 hdeh nhipm tgo co hpi eho cdc ben duong sy lao thu|in vd khi hp thda t h u ^ duge, Tda dn phai in trpng sy thda thugn dd bdng each ghi nhdn sy ida thugn hong quyet djnh cdng nhgn sy thda mgn ciia duang sy neu duang sy yeu cau. Cde ndi ung nay duge ghi nhgn thanh nguyen tac hda gidi li Dieu 10 vd dugc quy djnh cy the ve thu tyc tgi
!huong XIll Bg lugt Td tyng dan sy nam 2015.
Ihu v§y, mOt hong nhiing bieu hi^n cua Bp ludt 'd tyng dan sy ndm 2015 ve thye hipn quyen tu hap Id nhiing quy djnh vl hogt dpng hda gidi vy n ddn sy cua Tda an.
Thir tu, Bp ludt Td tyng dan sy ndm 2015 cd hiing quy djnh rat mdi v l phien tda so thdm vy an an sy - mdt hong nhung bieu hien rd n^t nhat vl lye hipn quyen xet xir. quyen tu phdp eiia Tda an.
Quyin gidi quyet vu viec dan sy ciia Tda dn leo ehi dp so thdm. phuc thim duge Bp lugt Td
^ng ddn sy ndm 2015 thua nhdn chung tgi Dilu 7. Trong qud hinh gidi quyet vy an dan sy thi hien tda so thdm thi hipn rd nhit quyin xet xii eua 'da dn. Bp lugt Td tyng dan sy ndm 2015 da cd hQng quy djnh mdi the hipn rd ndt hon quyen xet li vd thyc hipn quyen x6t xu ciia Tda dn tgi phien Sa so thim. Neu nhu trudc ddy, quy dinh thu tyc
tiln hdnh phien tda sa tiiira vy an dan sy bao gdm ldn lugt cac thu tyc bit diu, hdi, hanh lugn, nghj an vd tuyen an tgi phien tda, thi nay, Bd lugt Td tyng dan sy nam 2015 dugc xdy dyng vdi tinh than tiep thu nhiing uu dilm cua md hinh td tung tranh tyng hen thi gidi da gidm di yeu td tham xet ma quy djnh thu tuc phien tda so tham bao gdm cdc thu hie bit diu, thu tye hanh tung tgi phien tda, thu hic nghi an va myen dn. Thii h^c hdi hong Bg luat Td hmg dan su ndm 2015 chi dugc xem nhu mgt thu tyc dugc thue hien hong thii tyc tranh tyng tgi phien tda. Vdi gdn 20 dieu lugt quy djnh ve hanh tyng (hi Dilu 247 din Dilu 263), cd thi thiy hanh tyng tgi phien tda se la hogt dpng trpng tdm, chu yeu eua phien tda chii khdng chi la tranh ludn tgi phien tda nhu trudc ddy. Quyen xet xii cdng khai, minh bgch cua Tda an khdng chi dugc the hipn vd thyc hipn tgi phien tda xet xu so thdm md hong cdc phien tda khde nhu phiic thdm, gidm ddc thim, tdi thdm ciing dugc Bg lugt Td tyng ddn sy ndm 2015 ghi nhdn vd cd co chd bdo ddm thyc hipn.
Nhu vdy, tir nhihig diem ndi bgt neu tren ciia Bp lugt Td tyng ddn sy ndm 2015 ve quyin x6t xii va thyc hien quyen xet xu cua Tda dn cd thi thay, phdp lugt td tyng dan su Viet Nara da rat ehu hpng quy djnh ve quyen xet xu, thuc hipn quyin xet xu - ndi dung ea bdn nhdt cua quyen tu phdp va thyc hipn quyin tu phdp.
Khdng chi dung d nhiing quy djnh ghi nhgn quyen xet xu vd thyc hien quyin xet xii, phdp luEit td tyng dan sy Vipt Nam cdn thda nhgn cd cdc ndi dung khdc eua quyen tu phap nhu quyin giai thich lugt hay quyen tgo ra an Ip cua Tda an. Sau quy djnh chung "Tda an... thue hipn quyin tu phdp"5 ma npi dung ehinh la quyin xet xu, thi dilm b khoan 2 Dilu 22 Lugt Td chiic Tda dn nhdn dan ndm 2014 quy dinh rapt hong nhthig nhidm vy, quyen hgn cua Tda an nhan dan tdi eao - cdp cao
Ddn chO & Phdp ludt I
CfmdnDinkDdu 361(298)-201i
nhit hong he tiiong Tda an la "ban hanh nghj quyet hudng dan cae Tda an dp dung tiidng nhdt phdp luat". Cac nghj quyet hudng dan nay chinh Id eac vdn ban giai thich phdp ludt Thye te nhirng ndm qua eho tiiay, sau khi Qude hpi ban hdnh Bp ludt Td tyng dan sy lan dau tien nam 2004, Tda an nhdn dan tdi cao da kjp thdi ban hanh nhieu van ban hudng dan thi hanh. Cae van bdn gidi thich phdp ludt ndy gdp vai hd rat Idn hong viec bao dam hieu lye thi hanh Bp luat Td tung dan sy. Ngoai vai hd ciia Tda an nhdn dan tdi cao hong viec ban hdnh cde nghi quyet giai tiiicb, hudng ddn v ice dp dyng phap lugt thi vdi mdi Tda dn khi ra ban an, quyet djnh gidi quyet mpt vu vipc cy the cung phdi giai thich tgi sao, dya vdo edn eu ndo de ra bdn dn.
quyet djnh dd vd nhu the eung Id bieu hipn rd net ciia quyen gidi thich phap ludt eua Tda an.
Ben egnh vice ghi nhgn quyen xet xu, quyen gidi thich lugt ciia Tda an, phap ludt td tyng ddn sy Vipt Nam sau mpt thdi gian ddi quan sdt va cdn nhdc dd mgnh dgn thira nhgn quyin tgo ra an Ip eiia Tda an. Diem c khoan 2 Dilu 22 Lugt Td chirc Tda an nhdn dan ndm 2014 khing djnh, Tda an nhan dan tdi eao "lya ehpn quyet djnh giam ddc thdm ciia Hpi ddng tham phan Tda dn nhan dan tdi cao, ban an. quyet djnh da cd hieu luc phdp lugt, cd tinh chudn mye ciia cdc Tda an, tdng kit phdt triln thanh dn Ip va edng bd an Ip dl cde Tda an nghien euu, dp dyng trong \ci xu". Co till khdng djnh tai Vici Nam, quyin tgo ra an le Id mgt quyin rit dae bipt ciia Tda an, la mpt bieu hipn mdi vl quyin tu phdp hong phdp ludt td tung dan sy Vipt Nam, nhung hong tiidi gian tdi, vipe tiiye hien quyin nay s5 gdp phai nhilu khd khdn, ddi hdi Tda an phdi ed sy nd lye rat ldn thi vipe thyc hipn quyin lu phdp nay mdi dgt hieu qua.
2.2. Bg lugt Td tgng ddn sg- nam 2015 dd quy djnh ca che kiim sdt thuc hien quyin tuphdp
I Q Ddn chu & Phdp ludt
trong to tung ddn su vd cdc hogt dpng dp dgm phdp lugt to tung dan sg- ciia ca quan thi hanh u ddn sg- vd cdc ca quan bo tra tuphdp dibao d a thuv hien quyen xet xir, quyen tuphdp dgt tta^
hieu qud cao nhdt
Ve cff che kiem sdt thuc hi4n quyen tu ph^
tmng to lung ddn su
Nghien ciiu phap lugt td tyng ddn sy Vi^t Nan ve thuc hipn quyen tu phap khdng the khdng iK cap den co che kiem sat thyc hipn quyen tu phip, bdi cd eg che phu hgp de kiem sat tiiyc hipn quyen tu phap thi viee thye hien quyen tu phdp mdi dam bdo ddm dung lugt va dgt hipu qud eao. M§t khk, nhu nhieu nha nghien cim ve quyen tu phdp d2 chi ra. quyen tu phap khdng chi hieu theo nghTa h?pla quyen xet xu cua Tda an md cdn Id cdc hogt d^ng dp dyng phdp lugt eua cac co quan bao v? phap lii|l nhu Vipn kiem sdt, ea quan tiii hanh dn ddn sy va eae hogt dpng cua eo quan bd trg tu phdp.
Kiem sdt boat ddng xet xir cua Tda an dupe Nhi nude giao cho Vien kiem sdt va ngay trong Bp tu$t Td tyng dan sy ddu tien ciia Vipt Nam thi kilm sii eac hogt dpng xet xCr cac vy vipc dan sy dd tro thanh mpt trong nhiing nguyen tdc eo ban ciia Id tyng dan sy. Khdng chi dung lai d quy djnh Vi^
kiem sdt ed quyin kiem sat md Bg lugt Td tyng dan sy edn khdng djnh: Cimg vdi Tda an, Vipn kilm sal la CO quan tiln hanh td tyng dan sy. Hipn nay, trong Bp ludt Td tyng ddn sy nam 2015, kilm sdt cac hogt dpng xet xu cua Tda an cQng dupe quy djnii thanh mpt trong nhiing nguyen tdc co ban ciia l6 tyng dan sy va ca chi kilm sat cdc hogt dpng l6 tyng ciia Tda an duge the hipn qua nhiing npi dung CO ban sau:
- Vien kilm sat gidm sdt, kilm tra vipc tuan Ihco phap lugt d tat ed cac khau ciia qud hinh giai quyel vy vipc dan sy do Tda an tiln hanh. Khdng cd ihini quyen xet xu nhu Tda dn nen m$c dii Id co q i | |
%udnDinkDdu 36 1(298)-2017
tien hanh td hing ddn sy*, Vien kien kiem sat khdng tryc tiep tham gia vao cae hogt ddng gidi quyet vy viec dan sy ma chi kiem tra, gidm sat eae bogt dgng giai quyet vy viec dan sy cua Tda an nhdn dan thdng qua hd so ma Tda dn ehuyen sang.
\^ipe kiem tra, gidm sdt dugc thyc hipn ngay hi nhiing thu tyc ddu tien la thu tye Tda an thu ly vd tra lgi dan den ede thu fee chuan bj va td chii:c phien tda, phien hgp giai quyet vu viec ddn sy...
- Ngodi phuong thue kiem sat boat dgng gidi quyet v^y viec ddn sy cua Tda an thdng qua ho so, quyet djnh, vdn bdn ma Tda an chuyen sang (kiem sat mdt cdch gidn tiep), Vipn kiera sat cdn thyc hipn chuc ndng kiem sdt eua ramb thdng qua eac hogt ddng tryc tiep tham gia phien tda, phien hpp hong nhOng trudng hgp do phdp luat quy dinh, tiiyc hipn khdng nghj, kien nghj, yeu eau (kiem sat tryc tiep). Cu the nhu theo quy dinh tgi Dieu 21 vd Dieu 262 Bg ludt Td tyng dan sy ndm 2015, vdi nhiing vy vipc dan sy thdng thudng thi Vipn kiem sdt khdng can phai trye tiep tham gia phien tda.
phien hpp so thdm, nhung ddi vdi mpt sd vry vipc cd dgc thii nhu Tda an thu thdp ehiing eu, ddi tugng tranh ehdp Id tdi sdn cdng, tgi ieh cdng cgng, quyen sir dyng ddt, nha d, ed duang sy la ngudi ehua thdnh nien. ngudi mdt ndng lyc hdnh vi.
ngudi cd khd khdn hong nhan thiic, lam chu hdnh vi... thi Vien kiem sat sS tryc tiep tiiam gia phien tda, phien hgp so thdm de kiem sat sy tudn theo phdp lu^t td tung ddn sy eua tham phdn, Hpi ddng x^t xii, Thu ky phien tda va nhiing ngudi tham gia to tyng dan sy vd phdt bleu y kien ve viec gidi quylt vy an. Ngodi ra, vdi eae phien tda, phien hpp phiic tham. gidm ddc thdm, tdi tiiam, Vien kidm sal eung phdi tiiam gia day du de thye hipn ehue ndng kiSm sat eua minh. Theo tinh tiidn eua Bg lugt Td tyng dan sy ndm 2015, mgt quy djnh ed nhieu quan dilm tranh lugn trdi chieu la tgi phien tda, Vien
kilm sal khdng chi ed quyen phdt bieu ve viec tuan thu phdp ludt td tyng ma eao ban la ed quyen phdt bieu y kien ve vipc gidi quyet vy an. Cd quan diem cho rang, dii cd phdt bieu y kien ve giai quyet vy an till eung ehi la phat bieu \ e viec giai quyet vy dn cua Tda cd dung thii tyc khdng, cd hgp ly khdng.
Nhung cung co quan diem eho rang, phat bieu y kien ve viec gidi quyet vu dn hie la cd quyen phdt bieu ve gidi quyet ngi dung vy an. Nhung du theo quan diem ndo thi ciing khdng the phu nhdn sy can thiet cua hogt ddng kiem sat do Vien kiem sdt thyc hien vd thyc hien kiem sal eung chinh la mdt bieu hien eua thyc hien quyen tu phdp.
Vipn kiera sat thyc hipn khdng nghj, kien nghj ciing Id mdt trong nhung hinh thiic kiem sdt ddi vdi boat ddng xet xir ctia Tda an. Thyc chit, khdng nghj Id vipc Vipn kiera sat khdng ddng tinh vol ket qud gidi quyet so thdm cua Tda so thdm, nen Vien kiem sat ra quyet djnh khdng nghj, yeu cdu Tda dn edp hen ti^c tiep xem xel, gidi quyet lai nhiing ngi dung hong vy viee dan sy md Vien kiem sat cho ring Tda dn chua gidi quyet diing. Nhu vgy, quyen khdng nghj eung vdi eae quyen khdc cua Vien kiem sdt dd xdv dung nen mdt eo che kiem sdt rdt chdt che, bao dara cho cdc hogt dgng gidi quyet vy viec ddn sy cua Tda dn dugc dung ddn, hieu qud.
J 'e cdc hogt dgng dp dung phdp lugt cua cdc ca quan bo trg tuphdp vd ca quan thi hdnh dn dan su Tiep can quyen tu phdp mdt each todn dipn nhit thi quyen tii phap cd hpng tdm la quyen xet xu do Tda an thyc hien, ngodi ra cdn Id nhung hogt dpng cua ede ca quan, td chirc khde tryc tilp lien quan den boat dpng xet xu eua Tda dn nhdm bao ve ebl dg xd hdi chu nghTa. phap che, tiiit ty phdp lugt, quyen vd Igi ich hgp phdp eua cdng dan, lgi ich eiia Nha nude vd xa hdi. Nhu vdy, quyin tu phdp dugc thye hien khdng chi bdi Tda dn ma cd Vien kilm sdt, ede eo quan. td chdc trg giup hi phdp nhu ludt
Ddn chill & Phdp ludt E l
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SO 1(298)-2017 su, cdng ehiing. gidm djnh, tu van phap lugt... Lydo giai tiiich cho viee xde djnh nay Id Tda dn thyc hien quyin xet xir, nhung de tiiyc hien dugc hieu qua quyin xet xu thi khdng the ehi ed Tda dn ma edn ed sy hd hg tu cac ca quan, td chuc bd hg hr phdp. Tinh thdn ndy da dugc tiie hien hong Nghj quylt sd OS-NQ/TW ngdy 02/01/2002 cua Bp Chinh tri vl mpt sd nhiem vy hgng tam cdng tae tu phdp hong thdi gian tdi vd Nghi quylt 49-NQ/TW ngdy 02/6/2005 eua Bd Chinh hj v I Chiln luge edi cdch tu phdp den ndm 2020.
Trong phdp lugt td tyng dan sy. vai hd eiia lugt su da budc ddu dugc ghi nhgn. Ngay tir phan ddu ciia Bp lugt To tyng dan sy nam 2015 quy dinh ve nguyen tdc cua tuat to tyng ddn su thi Dieu 9 da khdng dinh, duong sy ed quyen nhd lugt su bao vp quyen, Igi ich ciia minh hudc Tda dn. Sau dd, mpt logt cdc dieu lugt dd quy dinh ve quyen, nghTa vu cua ludt su hong id tyng ddn su. Vdi kien thue phdp ly, ky ndng hanh nghe, kinh nghipm nghe nghipp. lugt su la ngudi ehuyen nghipp trong viec sii dyng phap lugt dl bdo vp quyin, lgi ieh hgp phap cua duang su, vi vgy, ludt su ed vai trd rdt quan hgng ddi vdi duong sy. Vdi ddc thii dung ludt su de bao ve lugt, cd the ndi d rapt phuong dipn nhat djnh thi hogt dpng ludt su hong td hing ddn su cung gdp phdn thyc hien quyin hr phap.
Vdi mpt sd vy viec dan sy, de gidi quylt duge dung thi can thiet phai tiln hdnh gidm djnh hoge phai dya vao cac vdn ban da dugc cdng chung.
Trong Bg ludt Td tyng dan sy nam 2015, cdc boat dpng nay cung da duge ghi nhgn tgi cde dilu nhu Dieu 79, Dilu 80... Cde hogt dpng nay lien quan tryc tiep va ho hp hyc tilp din boat dpng giai quyet vy \ icc dan sy nen d mpt mue dp nhdt djnh cDng Id nhihig hogt dpng thyc hien quyin tu phap.
Thyc hi?n quyin tu phdp trong phap ludt to tyng dan sy edn ghi nhdn mdt co quan cd vai hd rdt
O Ddn chCi & Phdp ludt
quan hgng nua dd Id co quan thi hdnh dn ddn sit Cho din gid vdn diln ra sy hanh lugn sdi nii lU hdnh an cd phdi la bogt ddng hong td tyng dans?
hay khdng? Neu hogt ddng td tyng ddn su dugc xac djnh id cae boat ddng giai quyet vy vipe dan sydo Tda an tiln hanh thi hogt dpng tiii hdnh an khdi^
phai la hogt dpng td tyng dan sy, nhung neu xic djnh tir chiie ndng, nhipm vy thi thi hdnh an dan sg rd rang td hogt ddng do co quan thi hdnh dn ddn s^
dam nhgn vdi myc dich la thi hdnh duge tren thuc te ban dn, quyet dinh cua Tda an, hic ciing c6 l^a qua xet xu cua Tda an hen thye te. Nhu vay. th' hdnh an phdi gin Hen vdi hogt dpng gidi quylt vfi vipe dan sy, hie Id gin lien vdi thyc hipn quyin tu phap. Cd le xac dinh duge dieu nay nen ngay tu Dieu 1 Bp lugt Td tung ddn sy ndm 2015 dS nhk den hogt dpng thi hdnh dn ddn sy. Sau dd, Bp lu^
Td tyng dan su ndm 2015 ciing dd ddnh hdo mgi phdn (Phdn thu 9) de quy djnh ve hogt dpng thi hanh bdn dn, quyet djnh cua Tda dn. Do d6, thi hanh dn cd y nghTa rat quan trgng vd hogt dpng thi hanh an ddn sy cung la mgt bieu hi?n ciia thyc hi^
quyen tu phdp nhdm bdo ve cdng ty, edng hing trong xd hgi G
/. "Quyen tu phdp vd ca quan lu phdp d Vi^
Nam ", TS. Li Thu Hd - Vdn phdng Ban Chi dqo fflf cdch tu phdp Trung uang: "Can phdi liiiu sdu, hih dung vi "quyen tuphdp" cua Tda dn". TS. LuvBinli Nhudng; "Quyen luphdp vd kiem sodt quyin tuph^
& Viel Nam hi4n nay", TS Cao Anh Do - Vi^n Slu nude vd phdp ludt. Hgc vien Chinh trj qudc gia Ho CM Minh.
2. Dieu I Bg ludt Td lung ddn s^r ndm 2015.
3. Diiu 3 Bg lugt Ddn su ndm 2015.
4. Diiu 208 - Dieu 211 Bg lugl To tyng ddn syti^
2015.
5. Khodn I Diiu 102 Hiin phdp ndm 2013.
6. Dieu 46 Bg lugl Td tung ddn syr ndm 2015.
