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DINH HlTCfNG PHAT TRIEN MO HINH KINH TE XANH VA BAI HOC
KINH NGHIEM CUA SINGAPORE
• N G U Y I N THI THU PHUdNG
T 6 M T I T :
Viet Nam hidn dang phai dd'i mat vdi nguy ed can kiet ngudn tai nguydn, suy gidm chat Iffpng mdi trffdng sd'ng va chiu anh hffdng nghiem trpng ctia sff bie'n doi khi hdu. Trffdc nhi!fng thdch thffe trdn, Vidt Nam c^n chuydn dich md hinh kinh te' gid'ng nhff Singapore da ldm vd rat thanh edng, dd la md hinh Kinh td' xanh. Day dffdc xem la mpt md hinh mdi gdp phan gidi quyd't nhffng thach thffc mang tinh toan eau nhff bid'n d^i khi hdu. Thdng qua bai hoe kinh nghiem phdt tri^n md hinh kinh td* xanh cua Singapore, bai vidt dffa ra cac gidi phap de phdt tridn md hinh ndy tai nffde ta.
Tuf khoa: Kinh td' xanh, d nhidm mdi trffdng, dao ludt bao vd mdi trffdng.
1. Gidi thi^u md hinh kinh td' xanh Theo Chffdng trinh Mdi trffdng Lien hpp qud'e (UNEP): "Nen kinh td' xanh Id kd't qua mang lai phuc lpi eho con ngffdi va edng bang xa hdi, ed y nghia giam rui ro mdi irffdng va khan hidm sinh thai". Phdt trien nen kinh te'xanh thffe cha't la vl eon ngffdi, dam bao phuc lpi cao nhd't, dat muc tidu cdng bang ve mat xa hpi va han ehd' td'i da nhffng tdc ddng xa'u dd'n mdi trffdng va he sinh thai, giup tdn tao, phat trien he smh thdi tff nhidn.
Kinh te'xanh la mdt nin kinh td'ed mffe phat thai tha'p, sff dung hidu qua va tie't kiem tai nguyen thien nhidn, dam bao tinh cdng bdng vd mdt xa hdi. Trong n^n kinh Id' xanh, sff tdng
trffdng v^ thu nhap, vide lam thdng qua viec dau tff cua Nhd nffdc va tff nhan cho nen kinh td' Iam giam thie'u phdt thai cacbon, giam thieu d nhidm mdi trffdng, sff dung hidu qua nang Iffpng va tai nguyen, ngan chan sff suy giam da dang .sinh hpc va dieh vu cua he sinh thdi.
2. Md hinh kinh td'xanh cua Singapore Singapore dffdc bid't dd'n Id "Thdnh phd' eay xanh", "Thanh phd'saeh nhd't thd'gidi". La mdt dao qud'c vdi didn tich khiem td'n ndm d phia Nam khu vffc Bdng Nam A. Singapore da md mang lanh Ihd tff 581,5 km^dlhdpnidn 1960 len 697,25 km^ ngay nay (xa'p xi didn tich huyen Can Gid - Thanh phd' Ho Chi Minh), va cd the se tdng thdm 100 km^ nffa de'n nam 2030. O Singapore.
TAP CHi CJING THIfdNG
didn tich da't mat it, mat dp dan so' eao nen khi xdy dffng nhffng tda nhd eao lang ddi hdi phai tang didn tich edy xanh. Td't ea ede tda nhd khi thie't ke' deu ed nhffng khu vffdn thang dffng tff mat da't dd'n cde tang cao, dam bao dien tich cay xanh tffpng ffng vdi dan sd' cua tda nha. Trong quy hoaeh eanh quan mdi trffdng, cay xanh dffpe chu trong dau tien. Vdi dien tich dd't han chd', Chinh phu Singapore da Ihffc hidn ehid'n Iffde
"vffdn trong phd'", "vffdn tffdng", "vffdn mdi",
"vffdn d bd't cff ddu".
Singapore hau nhff khdng cd tai nguyen, nguyen lieu deu phai nhdp tff ben ngoai. Dao qud'c sff tff nay chi ed it than, ehi, nham thach, da't set; khdng cd nffdc ngpt; dd't canh tdc hep, chu ye'u de trdng eao su, dffa, rau vd cdy an qua.
Do vay, ndng nghidp khdng phdt Irien, hdng nam phai nhap li/ong thffc, thffc pham de dap ffng nhu eau d trong nffdc. Trong giai doan tff 2012 - 2015, kinh te' Singapore khdng ngffng phdt trie'n vdi mffc tang trffdng blnh qudn dat 3,65%/nam, Iam phdt thd'p (blnh qudn 1,9%/nam), ty Id tha't nghiep tha'p (blnh qudn khoang 2%/ndm), xd'p thff 11/188 nffde ve ehi sd' phdt trid'n con ngffdi cua chffdng trinh phat trien Lidn hpp qud'c. Tinh de'n nam 2018, Tong san pha'm qud'c ndi (GDP) cua Singapore la 364,16 ty USD. GDP binh quan dau ngffdi (GDP/ngffdi) Id 64.582 USD/ngffdi vao nam 2018.
Chinh phu Singapore da coi bao ve mdi trffdng sinh thdi la nhidm vu chie'n Iffdc trong chinh sdch phdt trie'n kinh te' -xd hoi. Singapore la da't nffde ndi tidng vdi hang loat cae luat cdm.
Dd la cde dao ludt lien quan de'n mdi trffdng va nhffng bidn phdp Ihi hdnh cac che' tdi ddn sff, hanh chinh ciing nhff Idng cffdng ap dung cac bien phdp hinh sff dd'i vdi nhffng trffdng hpp vi pham phap ludt ve mdi trffdng.
Dao ludl ve mdi trffdng va sffe khde cdng ddng: Dao ludt ndy bao ham cac van de vi tidng on. vd sinh cdng cdng, chat thai rdn, chat thai ddc hai va viec kiem soat kinh doanh thffc pha'm, chdn cat, hda tdng va quan Iy ede bd' bdi.
Dao luat ve kidm sodt d nhidm mdi trffdng:
Dao ludt ndy dieu ehinh eae van de eung nhff cac hoat ddng ed mue dieh lien quan de'n vide kiem soat d nhidm mdi trffdng.
Dao ludt ve he thd'ng cd'ng tidu thoat nffdc:
Dao ludt ndy dffdc ban hanh nham dieu chinh vide xay dffng, duy tri vd cai tao ndng ca'p cac he thd'ng edng rdnh vd he thd'ng tidu thodt nffdc dffdi mat dd't, dieu chinh viec xff Iy nffde thai thffdng mai.
Dao ludt ve xua't nhap khau, qua canh chd^t thai nguy hiem: Dao ludt ndy dieu ehinh vide xud't nhdp khd'u ciing nhff qua canh cha't Ihai nguy hiem va eae chat khi thai khde.
De' dam bao eho ede dao ludt ed hidu Iffc thi hdnh trdn thffe te'. cde bien phap cffdng chd' Id khdng the' thie'u. Do dd, phdp luat ve mdi trffdng cua Singapore cung da dat ra nhieu bien phap cffdng chd'khdc nhau eho ede mffe vi pham phdp ludt ve mdi trffdng. Cu the nhff sau:
Bien phdp xd' ly hinh sU:
Phap luat mdi trffdng Singapore la'y che' tai hmh sff la cdng cu cp ban dd' thffc thi, bidn phdp ndy dffpe dp dung dd'i vdi ngffdi bi kd't dn phal tien, phat tii, bat bdi thu'dng. Dd'i vdi nhffng vi pham nhd thi phal cai lao lao ddng bd't budc (chi dp dung vdi nhffng bi caodu 16 tudi trd Idn vddu tieu chuan y td'), cu the:
Hinh phat tien: Day la hinh phat ph6 bien nha't trong cde dao ludt ve mdi tri/dng cua Sin- gapore. Cd nhieu mffc dp phat tien khde nhau, tuy thudc vdo tffng dao ludt va mffc dp nguy hie'm cua hanh vi gay ra. Vi du, trffdng hdp do rde ndi edng cdng, neu bi Toa an kd't tdi, ngffdi vi pham sd bi phat de'n 10.000$ vdi vi pham I^n dau vd ne'u tai pham sd hi phat tdi 20.000$.
Hinh phal td: Ddy Id che' tdi nghidm khdc nha't nham trffng tri nhffng ngffdi vi pham ngoan ed', khi cac hanh vi pham tdi cd the mang Iai cho ngffdi pham tdi nhffng khoan ldi nhuan Idn ndu ho khdng bi phdt hidn vd hinh phat tiln vSn khdng ngdn chdn dffde ede hdnh vi md ngffdi dd gay ra. Dd'i vdi nhffng ngffdi tdi pham thi cd th^
bi phat ID vdi che' do kha'c nghiet tff 1 din 12 thdng.
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Tam giff vd tich thu; Mdt sd' ludt ve mdi trffdng quy dinh vi vide tam giff va tieh thu ede cdng cu, phffPng lidn dffdc sff diing vdo vide pham toi.
Lao ddng cai tao bat budc: Nd'u tda dn tha'y cd the cai tao ngffdi vi pham, de bao vd mdi trffdng eung nhff sffe khoe cdng ddng lien quan de'n mdi trffdng, ngffdi vi pham can thffe hien cdng viec lien quan de'n vd sinh Iam sach ede vi tri nha't dinh ma khdng dffdc tra thu Iao thay cho cae quye'tdinh hodc hinh phat khde; trff khi ed nhffng ly do ddc bidt.
Bien phdp hdnh chinh:
Tuy phdp luat Singapore xem chd' tdi hinh sff la quan trpng nhd't trong vide bao ve mdi trffdng nhffng khdng vi thd' ma xem nhe cde ehd' tai hanh ehinh vd dan sff, bdi nd'u chi rieng chd'tai hinh sff khdng th^ bdo vd mdi trffdng mot each cd hidu qua, eu the':
Kd' hoaeh sff dung dd't: Quy dinh vide lap ke' hoaeh sff dung da't thdnh ede khu vi^c ddnh eho cdng nghiep nang, edng nghiep vffa va edng nghiep Iam saeh dtidc phan ranh gidi ro rang. Cd sff phdi hdp chat ehd giffa Bd Mdi trffdng va cac cd quan lien quan nhff Uy ban tdi phat trien dd thi va Cue Kiem sodt xay dffng.
Gid'y phep, gia'y ehffng nhdn: Bd Mdi trffdng edp gid^y phep va gia'y ehffng nhdn de' kiem sodt Cling nhff quan ly chat ehe cae hoat ddng cd kha ndng tac ddng ed hai tdi mdi trffdng. Trifdc khi cac dff an dffdc tid'n hanh. Bo Mdi trffdng phai dam bao la hoat dpng do khdng gay tdc hai cho mdi trffdng.
Thdng bao va idnh: Thdng bao va lenh Id ydu cdu chu sd hffu hoae qudn ly tai san phai tuan thu cde ydu eau ddt ra. Nd'u khdng thffe hidn ede ydu cau dd, ehu sd hffu hoac quan ly phai chiu trdch nhiem trffdc tod an vd phai chiu hmh phat.
Tren day la mdt sd' quy dinh ve td'ng quan phdp ludt mdi trffdng Singapore. Nhffng van de ndu trdn cho tha'y, dd' cd dffde mpl Singapore la
"thanh phd'cii a cay xanh" phai ed rat nhieu yd'u Id', nhffng ehinh phap ludt vi mdi trffdng dffdc quy dinh mot each toan didn la edng eu hffu hidu
nha't de' dam bao sff sach, dep eho mdi trffdng Singapore.
3. Kinh td' va moi tru'dng Vidt Nam Viet Nam Id mdt nffdc nam d phia Ddng ban dao Ddng dffdng, c6 td'ng didn tieh la 331.690 km-, phia Bac tid'p gidp Trung Qud'c, phia Tdy tid'p giap Lao va Campuchia, phia Ddng tie'p gidp Bien Ddng, phia Ddng Nam tid'p gidp Thai Blnh Dffdng. O vi tri nay, Viet Nam la mdt dau md'i giao thdng quan trpng giffa An Dp Du'dng vd Thdi Blnh DffPng. Viet Nam da tffng bffdc chuyen ddi tff kinh te' ke' hoaeh hod tap trung sang kinh te' thi trffdng theo dinh hffdng xa hdi ehu nghia. Nen kinh Id' tang trffdng vdi td'c dp eao va Iffpng ddi dn dinh. Trong nhffng nam cua thap ky 90 (Ihd' ky 20), tong san pha'm trong nffdc (GDP) tang blnh quan 7,5%/ nam, GDP nam 2000 da ga'p hdn 2 lan so vdi ndm 1990. Td'c do phal trien kinh td' (GDP) giai doan 2011 - 2015 dat 5,91%/ndm (so' lieu nha nffdc). Dd'n nam 2016, Tdng .san pham ndi dia GDP la 202 ty USD theo danh nghia hoac 595 ty USD theo sffe mua tffdng dffdng, GDP binh qudn dau ngffdi ciia Viet Nam nam 2018 la 2.540 USD. Viet Nam la mdt trong nhffng nffde xud't khau gao hang dau eua thd' gidi.
Ben canh nhffng thanh lffu da dal dffpe, Viet Nam cdn mdt so' han che' trong qua Irinh phdt trie'n. Ngudn Iffc cdn tha'p nen nhffng ydu eau vi phat trie'n ben vffng it ed du dieu kien vdt chd't dd' thi/c hien. Dau iif dffdc tap trung chu yd'u eho nhffng edng trinh mang lai ldi ich Irffc tid'p, rat it dau Iff cho Iai tao cac ngudn tai nguydn thidn nhidn vd bao vd mdi tru'dng. Do ehii trong vao phat trien kinh td', nha't la tang irffdng GDP, it chu y tdi he thd'ng thidn nhidn, ndn hidn tffdng khai thdc bffa bai va sff dung Idng phi tai nguyen thien nhien, gdy ndn suy thoai mdi trffdng va lam mdt can ddi eae he sinh thai dang didn ra phd' bid'n.
Mdt sd' cd sd san xua't, kinh doanh, dich vu, benh vien,... gay d nhiem mdi trffdng nghiem trpng. Qua trinh dd Ihj hoa tang Idn nhanh ehdng keo theo sff khai thdc qua mffc ngudn nffdc ngam.
TAPCHiCONCTHinfNC
d nhidm ngudn nffdc mat, khdng khi va ff dpng chd't thai ran. Ddc biet, cae khu vffe gidu da dang sinh hpc, rffng, mdi trffdng bien, ven bien chffa dffdc chu y bao vd vd dang bi khai thdc qua mffc.
Tuy ede hoat dong bao vd mdi trffdng da ed nhffng bffde tie'n bd ddng kd', nhffng mffc dp d nhidm, sff suy thoai vd suy giam cha't Iffdng mdi trffdng van tie'p tuc gia tang. Dau tien la, cac cd sd edng nghiep hod ehd't, san xua't thud'c trff sau, phdn bdn va khai thdc che'bie'n khoang san thai ra cyanua vffdt qud tidu chuan cho phep. Tid'p ddn Id, cdc cd sd del may, cd sd cdng nghidp gid'y, vdi nffdc thai ed dd kiem eao, ehffa nhieu kim loai nang, cha't hffu ed da vdng thdm chffa Clodde hai ra't khd phdn huy trong mdi trffdng ti/
nhidn va thffdng khdng dffpe xff ly trffdc khi dd vdo sdng. Nffdc thai ba'n dd' vdo sdng la tinh trang phd bid'n d cac do thi, nghidm trpng nha't Id d Ha Ndi vd Thanh phd'Ho Chi Minh. Mdtsd' cd sd ehd' bie'n thffc pha'm va gid't mo gia sue khdng dam bao tidu chud'n ve sinh lai bi qud tai Idu nay. Thud'c trff sdu bi sff dung bffa bai. O nhilm lang nghe cung dang cd chieu hffdng gia tdng, cd thd' kd' dd'n Idng gd'm sff Bat Trang, cac lang sdn mdi d Ha Tdy, do gd Ddng Ky, lang ren Vdn Chang,...
Mdt sd' sff ed' ve mdi trffdng anh hffdng nghidm trpng, nhff: Ca che't hang loat d Viet Nam 2016 tai viing bie'n Vung Ang (Hd Tinh) bat dau tff ngay 6 thdng 4 nam 2016 vd sau dd Ian ra vung bie'n Quang Blnh, Quang Tri, Thffa Thien - Hue'. Nguydn nhdn ed chd't Id do chd't thai gay d nhidm tff Cdng ty TNHH Hffng Nghidp Formosa vffdt qua ndng dp eho phep. Cdng ty Vedan cd hien tffpng xa trffc tid'p nffde thai khdng qua xff Iy vdo sdng Thi Vai, eyanure vffdt tidu chud'n 76 lan, trong khi nhieu chd't gay d nhidm khac vffdt deu chud'n tff vai chuc de'n hang tram lan.
4. Giai phap phat tridn kinh te' xanh d Vidt Nam tuf bai hgc cua Singapore
Kinh te' xanh la mdt md blnh kinh td' ed the mang Iai eho Viet Nam sff phdt trien kinh te'ben vffng gan vdi bao vd mdi trffdng. Dffdi day la
mdt so' dinh hffdng thffc hidn md hinh kinh te xanh d Viet Nam:
Thay ddi nhan thffe cua ngffdi dan: Con ngffdi vffa Id ddng Iffe vffa ehinh Id ngudn Iffc de tao ndn sff phdt trien. Nhan thffc tam quan trpng cua yeu td' nay, trong md hinh phdt trien xanh cua Singapore, cffu Thu tffdng Ly Quang Didu da ddt ye'u to' con ngffdi len hdng dau. Chinh vi vdy, trong kd' hoaeh xdy dffng Singapore xanh, dng da dat viee thay ddi y thffc ngffdi ddn la vide c^n lam d^u tidn.
San xud't ehu trpng tdi yd'u td' mdi trffdng: Sff phdt trid'n xanh eua Singapore Id mdt qud Irinh phan da'u cua ca bai phia tff Chinh phu cho tdi ngffdi ddn. Chinh phu xdy dffng he thdng phdp Iy chat che hffdng vao mue dich phdt trien xanh cua da't nffdc. Va nhffng ngffdi thi hanh ehinh sach phai nhdn thffe rd rdng trdch nhidm, nghia vu vd anh hffdng cua mdi hanh vi vao sff phat trien chung cua xa hdi.
Ve phdp ludt: Ra soat quy hoach tong the phdt trien kinh te'- xd hdi cde vung trpng diem, quy hoach phat trien ede nganh kinh te", dac biet la nhffng nganh tdc ddng manh me tdi moi trffdng, nhdm bao dam phdt Irien edng nghidp ben vffng, dam bao sff dung tid't kiem tai nguyen thien nhidn, kid'm soat d nhidm vd qudn I^ chat thai mdt edeh cd hieu qua. Xay dffng eae van ban quy pham phdp luat va ed chd'chinh sdch d^
thiic day qua tnnh thay thd^cdng nghd san xua'l lac hdu, td'n nhieu nang Iffdng, nguyen lieu b^ng nhffng cdng nghd den tid'n, hidn dai va than thidn vdi mdi trffdng. Khuye'n khich san xua't sach; tuyen truyen, gido due vd ndng eao nhdn thffc cua edng ddng doanh nghiep ve tam quan trong va ldi ieh eua san xud^t saeh Irong qud trinh phdt tri^n ben vffng. Xay dffng cac tieu chuan vd nguydn tae dd'i vdi san xud't sach phu hdp vdi trinh do phdt trien kinb td'. Nghidn cffu va phdt trien edng nghd vd thie't bi san xua't sach, tdng cffdng sff phd'i hdp giffa cdc cd sd san xud't va ede nha nghien cffu cdng nghe san xuat sach, ddng thdi day manh ffng dung trong san xua't. Nghien cffu, ban hdnh mdt so" chd tai bupc ede doanh nghiep san xua't. kinh doanh quy md Idn vd vffa
180 So 14-Thang 6/2020
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phdi thid't lap ede he thd'ng tff quan trde, giam sal ve mdi trffdng d^ cung ca'p thdng tin ve cha't thai va mffc dp d nhidm do ede hoat ddng san xua't cua doanh nghidp gdy nen. Nghidn effu, ban hdnh ede ehi tieu ve mffc d nhidm td'i da eho phep d cae khu cdng nghidp. Nhanh ehdng hinh Ihanh mdt Iffe Iffdng can bd dffdc dao tao ve quan ly mdi trffdng trong eae khu edng nghidp.
Ve kinh Id': Trong qua trinh cd ca'u lai nganh edng nghidp, phai ffu tien phdt trien cde ngdnh cdng nghidp sach, than thidn vdi mdi trffdng.
Phdt trien va day manh vide sff dung cdng nghe, thid't bi bao ve mdi trffdng thich hdp va tien tid'n.
Thanh lap mdi vd phat trien khu cdng nghd cao.
Ban hanh cdc tieu chuan an loan va bao ve mdi trffdng trong cac nganh edng nghiep, ddc biet Id cdng nghidp khai thdc va chd'bie'n dau md, edng nghidp didn, didn tff va cdng nghidp san xuat d td, md Id, xe mdy. Tffng bffde ndng dan ty Id diu tff phat trien edng nghe saeh. Hinh thdnh ed ca'u kinh te'hdp Iy, bao dam ty trpng cdng nghe sach ngay cdng gia tang.
Ve ky thudt va cdng nghe: Phdng ngffa d nhidm do cde cd sd edng nghiep mdi tao ra, bao gdm vide hoan thidn quy trinh tham dinh danh gid tdc ddng mdi trffdng, dae biet Id dffa ra ydu cau ve vide ddnh gia nay phai dffdc thffc hien trffdc khi ea'p gid'y phep d^u tff. Tid'n hanh xff ty
tridt de cac cd sd gdy d nhidm mdi trffdng nghiem trong, budc cdc cd sd ndy phai Idp ddt cac thie't bi kie'm sodt va xff Iy d nhidm, ndng edp hoac ddi mdi cdng nghe san xud't, di ddi loan bd hoac tffng bp phan ra khdi khu vffc dan cff ddng due va d mffc cao nhd't la dinh ehi ede hoat ddng san xud't, kinh doanh, dich vu cua ede cd sd nay.
Hang ndm, tie'n hanh thd'ng kd, danh gid lai nhffng ed sd gay d nhidm mdi trffdng nghidm trpng trong pham vi ca nffde, tie'n tdi kiem soat dffdc d nhilm. Thffc hidn vide ddnh gid tac ddng mdi trffdng dd'i vdi cac md quy md vffa va Idn trong toan qud'c; bao edo ve tinh trang quan ly mdi trffdng trong ngdnh khai khodng va cac ngdnh cdng nghiep chd' bid'n cd Hen quan.
Phattri^n ben vffng mdtsd'nganh ed tdc ddng dae bidt dd'i vdi mdi trffdng: Mdt sd' nganh kinh td'ed tdc ddng manh me tdi mdi trffdng nhff nang Iffpng, khai thdc md, xdy dffng, giao thdng van tai, du lieh phai sdm xay dffng nhffng chffdng trinh hanh ddng nhdm bao dam phdt trie'n ben vffng. Trong dd, ddc biet chu trpng tdi vide ffng dung nhffng edng nghd khai thac va ehd'bid'n tien tid'n, cho phep tie't kidm tai nguyen thidn nhidn.
giam Iffdng phat thai va d nhidm, khuyd'n khich sff dung cac dang nang Iffdng tai tao dffdc, cai thien mdi trffdng sinh thdi d nhffng khu vffe khai thdc tai nguydn •
TAI L i e u THAM KHAO:
1. Dinh Phi Hd, NguyIn Van Phifdng (2015), Gido trinh Kinh te phdt trien, Nha xuat ban Kinh te'TP. Ho Chi Minh.
2. Nguyen XuSn Tie'n, Le The Gidi, Tnfdng Ba Thanh (2005). Hoi nhap kmh te'vdi phdt triin bin vdng. Nha xud't bdn Chinh tri qudc gia.
3 Chirdng trinh Moi tri/5ng Lien Hiep Qud'c (United Nations Environment Programme - UNEP), htlps./A'i.wikipedia.org/
4. NguyIn Thi Nhdn (2018). Cdc bien phdp xd ly vi pham phdp luat vi bdo ve moi trUdng ciia Singapore - Lien he phdp luat bdo ve moi frudng cua Viet Nam. luan van Uiac sT ludt hpc, Khoa Luat. Dai hgc Qudc gia Ha Npi.
TAP CHi CQNG THIfdNG
Ngay nhSn hai: 29/5/2020
Ngay phan hi0n danh gia va su'a chi7a: 2/6/2020 Ngay chdfp nhan dang bai: 12/6/2020
Thdng tin tdc gid:
ThS. N G U Y I N T H I T H U PHUdNG Giang vien Bd mdn Cdsd nganh kinh td', TrUcfng Dai hoc Cdng nghd Giao thdng V$n tai
THE ORIENTATION FOR GREEN ECONOMY MODEL AND EXPERIENCES FROM SINGAPORE
• Master.NGUYEN THI THU PHUONG Lecturer, Department of Economic Sector Basis
University of Transport Technology
ABSTRACT:
Vietnam is facing the risks of natural resource depletion, habitat quality degradation and adverse effects of climate change. As a result, it is necessary for Vietnam to transform its current economic model into the green economy model like Singapore did successfully. The green economy model is a new economic growth approach which is expected to address global challenges such as climate change. This article presents practical experiences of Singapore in applying the green economy model, thereby proposing solutions to Vietnam in order to implement this new economy model.
Keywords: Green economy, environmental pollution, law on environmental protection.
182 So 14-Thang6/2020
