m g h i e a c i m - T r a o doi
KHUYNH HlTdNG DAN
C H DTRONG
P H A PLUAT LlM THff VIET NAM:
Sir TIEN Bd VA NHdNG THACH THdC*
b>
i3
PHAM TH| DIEU LINH
Truwng DH Khoa hpc Xa hoi v^ Nhan van - DH Qu6c gia Ha Npi
L
a mdt linh vuc hoat ddng cd tinh lien nganh manh me, boat dpng luu trii va cac ndi dung khac cua cdng tac luu trii chiu su chi phdi ciia nhieu mdi quan he phiic tap, vuprt ra ngoai pham vi cua khoa hoc nghiep vu luu trii, bao gdm mdi quan he giua cac co quan nha nudc vdi nhau va giiia Nha nudc vdi cdng dSn. Vi thi, luat phap luu trii ludn la cdng cu quan trpng cua cac nha quan li va the hien quan diem quan li cua Nha nirdc de dieu chinh cac mdi quan he ndi tren.Trong bdi canh Dang va Nha nudc dang tiln banh tdng kit 30 nam ddi mdi (1986-2016), nganh Luu trii ciing da trai qua 30 nam thyc hien cdng tac luu trii (1982-2012) vdi nhilu quan diem chuyen ddi can ban trong quan li va luat phap, tu tap tnmg hda din xa hdi hda, tu ddc quyen nha nudc den tang cudng su tham gia cua nhan dan. BSng phuang phap phan tich ngdn ngu ket hpp thdng ke dinh lupng, bai viet sau day se chung minh va phan tich khuynh hudng dan chu ngay cang tang trong phap luat luu tru Viet Nam tu 1982 - 2012.
1. Nhung quan di@m tien hd Dan chli (democracy) co nguon gdc tu tieng Hi Lap (demokratia) vdi nghla can ban la s\r ket hap cua nhSn dan (demos) va cai tri (kratos). Dan chii la "cai tri bdi nhan dan"', la mpt kieu quan li nha nudc ma nhan loai ludn mong mudn xay dung va hudng tdi. Tuy nhien, van de dan chu lai dupc quyet dinh bdi viec Nha nudc va giai cap lanh dao xac dinh
ai la nhan dan, hinh thiic tiiam gia cua hp la gi va nhiing dieu kien de hp tham gia huu hiSu ciing nhu su cdng bSng trong phan phdi lpi ich. Tuyen ngdn chinh tri ciia Dang Cpng san Vi6t Nam xac dinh nhan dan bao gdm: giai cap cdng nhan, giai cap ndng dan, dpi ngu tri thdc, thanh nien, phu nii, cuu chien binh, ngudi cao tudi, cac nha doanh nghiep, cac dan tdc thieu sd, ddng bao cac tdn giao, cpng ding ngudi Viet Nam d nudc ngoai^. Nhu the, dan chu trong cdng tac luu trii la su tham gia cua cac thanh phan xa hpi nay vao cdng tac luu trii vdi vai trd chii the. O day, cdng tac lim trii tiieo nghia la "tat ca nhiing van de tii li luSn, phap che d8n thuc tien"^ va vai trd chu th8 bao gdm cac van de ve: chu the nghien ciiu li thuyet, chu the tham gia xay dung luSt phap hay quan li nha nudc, chii the quan li va sir dung tai li8u luu trii. Cho nen, khuynh hudng dSn chu trong phap luat luu trd giai doan 1982 - 2012'' se quan tam tdi vai trd chii the cua nhan dan trong cac ndi dung dupc dl cap a nhiing van ban cd gia tri phap li cao.
Xet tu 24 khai niem duac de cap trong LuSt Luu trii, bao gdm nhiing khai niem dupc dinh nghla hay khdng dupe dinh nghta trong su so sanh vdi Phap lenh Bao ve tai lieu luu trii nam 1982 va Phap lenh Luu trii Qudc gia nam 2001, miic dp tham gia ciia nhan dan trong cdng tac luu tru tang len dang ke.
Su tham gia ngay cang nhieu ciia nhan dan dua tren su cdng nhan, cho phep va khuyen Van thu - l u u t r u Vi^t Mam so 12/3015
N g h i e n c m i - T r a o d o i
SiiC thay doi mice dg tham gia cua nguoi ddn trong ngi dung ede khdi niem qua cdc Phdp l$nh, Lugt giai dogn 1982 - 2012^
Phap l$nh Bao v$ tai Phap l^nh Lmi trO' QuAc li$u lira trG' gia
LultUnitfO'
khich cua cac ca quan cd tham quyln vl cac van de ca ban, bao gdm:
- Nhan dan la chii thS sang tao va sd hiiu tai lieu: Tii Phap lenh Bao v6 tai lieu luu trii nam 1982, van de sd hiiu tai lieu da dupc dl cap vdi quy dinh ring "tai liSu luu trii qudc gia thudc sd hiiu toan dSn do Nhd nudc quan li theo nguySn tic t|p trung, th6ng nhit"^. Cac tai li6u riSng ciia ca nhan, gia dinh, ddng hp, cAc tap thi Cling dugc Phap lenh nay khuyen khich ki gdi, hi6n tang, nhung chi dupc ban cho Nhd nudc. Din Phap lenh Luu trii Qudc gia, quy dmh vl sd huu tai lieu khdng duac nhac lai nhu mdt ham y su phu nhan quy dinh cua Phap lenh Bao v$ tai lieu luu tru. Viec thiia nhan quyln sd huu tai lieu luu trii va nguyen tac thda thu^n trong suu tdm tai lieu luu trir ca nhan d Luat Luu trii la budc tien quan trpng v6 khang dinh vai trd chii the sang tao va chu the dinh doat cua ngudi lam ra hoac luu giii tai lieu ddi vdi so phan ciia chiing.
- Nhan d3n cd kha nang trd thanh chu the diu tu va thuc hi?n boat dong luu tru: Mac du quan diem ddi mdi da dugc tuyen bd trong
Nghi quyet Dai hdi toan qudc lan thii VI cua Dang Cong san Viet Nam nam 1986, song li luan va quan dilm thuc tien vl cai each hanh chinh de dap iing nhu can ddi mdi nay chi thuc su hinh thanh dn dinh tir nhiing nam 90 ciia th§ ky XX tai Viet Nam va co ban van chi phdi cac hoat ddng quan li nha nudc. Nhiing quan diem cai each dd, du khing dinh tam quan trpng cua nen kinh te thi trudng nhung van khang dinh vai trd cua Nha nudc trong viec nam giu nhung nganh kinh te quan trpng ma "chi cd Nha nudc lam dugc"'. Trong bdi canh dd, Luat Luu tru Viet Nam thua nhan va khuyen khich nang luc cua nhan dan ddi vdi vigc thuc hien mpt sd ndi dung cua cdng tac luu trii la mpt quan diem tien bd, phu hpp vdi thuc tien. Nhiing quy dinh vl thuc hien dich vu luu tru khdng chi cho phep huy dpng ngudn luc tii ngudi dan, diy manh xa hdi hda cdng tac luu trii, ma cdn the hien sy cdng bang trong danh gia nang lyc thyc hien cdng tac luu tru ciia cac ca quan, td chiic, ca nhan khdng thupc he thdng td chiic luu tru nha nudc. Npi dung cac dich vu luu tru ma nhan dan dugc tham gia Viin thu - Luu t r u Vi^t Nam so 12^015 21
N^iien coo - Trao d6i
thuc hipn Idia da dang, tii nghien ciiu khoa hgc, chuyen giao cdng nghe tdi bao quan cung vdi chinh sach khuyin khich diu tu, tai trg da tao diSu kien de cac thanh phin khac nhau trong nhan dan dugc tham gia thyc hien dich vu luu trii. Cd the ndi, day la quan diem ddi mdi cd tinh budc ngoat so vdi nhung Phap lenh trudc day, lam thay ddi vi tri dpc quyen ciia cac luu tru nha nudc va tao ca sd de hinh thanh nhung mdi quan he mdi trong cdng tac luu tru.
- Nhan dan la chu the sii dung tai lieu lim trit: Trong tit ca cac van ban phap luat ve cdng tac luu tru, quyen dugc sir dung tai lieu luu tru de phue vu cdng tac, hpc tap, nghien ciiu ludn dugc khang dinh. Nhung viec sii dung tai lieu luu tiu de phue vu giai quyet cac nhu cau chinh dang cua ca nhan chi dugc 0u nhan tii Phap lenh Luu trii Qudc gia nam 2001 va dugc ke thua trong Luat Luu tru. Dieu nay da gdp phan quan trgng trong viec thyc hien va cung cd cac quyen va lgi ich cua cdng dan.
Bdi le, trong qua trinh thyc hien chiic nang quan H nha nudc, nhieu loai tai lieu luu trii dugc hinh thanh de xac nhan quyln va lgi ich nay trudc Nha nudc va trudc ngudi khac nhung ban than cdng dan khdng thi ty luu giii dugc de chiing minh. Khdng chi cd vay, mdi ngudi sinh ra deu cd nhiing quyen ca ban nhu quyen dugc cd qudc tich, cd cha me, dugc hpc tap, dugc cu tru,... Cac giay td do ca quan nha nudc ban hanh giup dam bao nhung quyln nay. Cho nen, cdng nhan quyen dugc sii dung tai lieu cho muc dich chinh dang ciia ca nhan khdng chi biSu hien tinh nhan van ciia cdng tac luu trii va ciia co quan xay dyng, ban hanh luat phap, ma cdn thi hien tinh thin dan chii ciia Nha nudc trong quan he vdi cdng dan.
2. Nhirng thach thuc moi hinh thanh
Tuy da dat dugc nhieu tien b$ trong quan diem ve dan chii, nhung dieu dd ddng nghia vdi viec dat quan li nha nudc cdng tac luu trii trudc nhieu thach thiic mdi. Thach thiic diu tien xuat hien trong sy phiic t ^ cua cac mli quan he mdi phat sinh. Cang khang dinh quyln thdng tm ciia nhan dan trong sii dung tai li6u luu tru thi cac ca che kem theo cang phai dam bao thyc thi hieu qua quyen nay ma khdng gay tdn hai den lgi ich qudc gia. Mdt mat, cac co quan luu tru phai tang cudng nang lyc phue vu, ddng thdi ca quan quan ti phai xay dyng co sd phap H va cac san pham luu trii cy thi nhu danh muc tai heu mat, danh muc han che tiep can, ... de can bp luu trii cd can cii thuc hien nhiem vy. Dieu dd ddi hdi sy diu tu khdng nh6 ve cac ngudn lyc va chuydn mdn. Mat khac, day la liic nguydn tic dao diic cua can bd luu trii cang nen dugc chii trgng. Ben canh hang loat nhiing quy dinh ve thii tyc, quy trinh su dung tai liSu luu trii, traeh nhiem vk dao diic ciia ngudi lam luu trii nen dugc quy dinh ro va thyc hien nghiem tuc. Tu nhiing nam 80 ciia thi ky XX, Hdi ddng Luu trii Qudc tl (ICA) da cdng bd Nguyen tic dao dure ciia luu trii vi6n (Code of Efliics for Archivists). Din nam 2014, Nhiing nguyen tic ca ban vl vai trd ciia lira tiu vien trong hd tig nhan quyln (Basic princi- ples on the role of archivsts in support humang rights) dugc ICA dy thao va liy y kiln dong gdp cua cac chuyen gia cung cdng ddng tren ca sd nhung nguyen tic dao diic trudc dd. Con d \^et Nam, tuy Luat Luu trii da danh rieng Dieu 7 de quy dinh vl ngudi lam luu trii nhimg van chua cd quy dinh vl thyc thi dao diic nghe nghiep cua luu trii vien.
Trong luc cin thyc hien nhieu nhiem vu de dam bao quyen su dung tai lieu ciia cdng dan thi viec cho phep nhan dan thyc hien cac Viin thu - Lun t r u Vi^t Nam s6 12/2015
IVghien c i n i - T r a o doi
dich vu luu tru dat cac co quan quan li trudc hai lua chpn dS iing xir vdi cac mdi quan he mdi phat sinh. Neu trudc day vdi tinh thin cua Phap lenh Bao ve tai lieu Luu tru va Phap lenh Luu trii Qudc gia, viec quan li nha nudc vl cdng tac luu trii dugc thyc hien tiieo mdi quan he hanh chinh giiia Nha nudc vdi cdng ddn va cac ca quan nha nudc vdi nhau thi din Luat Luu trii, mdi quan h | nay da cd nhiing thay ddi can ban. Nguyen tac thda thuan tiong suu tam tai lieu ca nhan, vai trd chu thi cua nhan dan tiong thyc hien dich vu luu trii, diu tu, tai tig, nghien cim khoa hpc da din tdi mdi quan he cd tinh chat dan sy, trong dd cac ca quan nha nudc chi la mot ben tiong cac giao dich dan sy thay cho tinh chit quyln lyc - phyc timg. Mdi quan he nay dat cac co quan nha nudc, bao gdm ca cac luu trii lich sir va CO quan quan li trd nen bmh ding vdi cdng dan trudc phap luat va trudc nhiing thda thuan da cam ket trong hgp dong. Do vdy, khdng nhiing phap lu$t luu tru phai bd sung rat nhieu cac van bdn khac de cu the hda nhiing quy dinh dam bao dieu tiet mdi quan he mdi nay, ma ban than cac co quan luu trii cung phai san sang de ddi mat vdi nhiing tinh hudng radi nhu viec cd the bi kien neu cdng dan nhan thiy cac dilu kien trong hgp ddng khdng dupc thyc hien nghiem tiic. Trong khi dd, quan he hanh chinh van phai dupc duy tri dS quan li chat lugng dich vy luu trii va dieu chinh mdi quan h6 giiia cac ca quan, to chirc, ca nhan trong qua trinh thyc hien dich vu. Ddng thdi, cac van de mdi binh thanh tiong thyc hien dich vu khdng chi Hen quan tdi chuyen mdn vl luu trii ma cdn la nhiing ndi dung ve quan li kinh tl, tham chi quan li thi trudng ciia dich vu luu trii, nhung ndi dung vl sd hiiu tri tue, bao tdn di san,... se lam npi dung quan li md
rdng tinh liSn nganh, ddi hdi ca quan quan li nha nudc vl luu trtr phai thyc hiSn hgp tac vdi cac nganh quan li khac. Ai qudn li, quan li nhu thi nao, cdng cu nao se dugc su dung, myc tieu nao cin dugc thyc thi la nhiing cau hdi phiic tap ma cac ca quan qudn li phai tiep tuc tra Idi bang nhiing van ban va hanh ddng cy the. Cho nen, hai lua chpn ciia cac lanh dao vd ca quan cd thim quyln tdp trung vao vi$c tia ldi nhiing can hdi: Phat triln dich vu de da dang hda hoat ddng lira tru hay dl bao tdn di sdn? Xa hdi hda boat ddng luu tru de huy dgng ngudn lyc hay de binh quyln? Tir do, quan he hanh chinh hay quan he dan sy nen dupc dp dung phd bien han de giai quyet cac van de mdi?
Nhu da trinh bay d tien, tinh ddn chu trong mdt linh vyc khdng chi the hien d viec nhan dan dugc phep tham gia ma cdn the hien d cac dieu kien de nhan dan tham gia mdt each thuan lgi va day du cung vdi co che phan phdi lpi ich rd rang va minh bach. Lu^t Luu tru da xac dinh nhung dilu kien ban diu dl ngudi dan thyc hi$n dich vu luu trii ciing nhu cac quyen va nghia vu cua cdc ben khi sir dung tai lieu, ki gui, hien tang tdi lieu. Manh nha tir he thdng van ban quy pham phdp luat dugc ban hdnh trong thdi ki thuc hien Phap lenh Luu trii Qudc gia, viec dieu chinh cdc ndi dung ciia cdng tdc luu trii theo hudng ngay cdng cu tiiS hda tidch nhiem song song vdi quyln lpi cua cac b6n, tir can bd luu trii den cdc ca quan cd tham quyen va cdng dan la mdt each tiep can phii hgp cd ve phuang dien qudn Ii va phap Ii. Tuy nhien, nhiing quy dinh ndy mdi chi la khdi dau cho nhiing hanh dgng cin thyc hien tilp theo. Trong liic cac lim tiii qudc gia ciia Canada, Hoa Ki, Austialia bien soan sach hudng din ki giii, hiln tang, bdn tdi lieu va xuat ban cdng khai de cdng dan va cac luu Van thu - Luu t r u Viet Nam so 12i'2015
IVghien c u u - T r a o d o i
trii cd can cii thyc hien thi thii tuc, trinh tu vd nhiing dieu khoan can thda thuan giua cac ben tiong cac giao dich tren d Yiet Nam van chua dugc lam rd. Song, viec cu the hda chung lai phy thupc vao nhan thiic va quan diem cua nhan dan cung nhu hieu biet cua co quan qudn li ve quan diem va nhu cau cua nhan dan. Khi dd, mdt cudc khao sat quy md nhu De an suu tim tai heu quy hilm da dupc phe duyet cd y nghia hit siic quan tipng trong viec xdc dinh tilm nang tai heu tiong nhan dan, nhung mpt cupc khao sat quy md khac ve quan diem va nguyen vpng cua cdng dan ddi vdi viec quan li va hd trg bao quan ciia Nha nudc ciing rat cd y nghia. Cudc tiiam dd y kien gan day cua tdc gid vdi tien 20 nhan vat la nghe si, nha bao, nhd khoa hgc cho thay nhiing yeu cau pbuc tap cua hp ddi vdi CO quan luu trii*. Hg khdng chi can tai heu dupc nang niu, tidn tipng, ma cdn xuat hien nhiing mong dpi khac ve lpi ich tai chinh, hd tip su nghiep,... Han the niia, vdi nhiing ca nhSn cd kha nang tai trp tai chinh hoac tham gia dich vy luu trii thi van de lpi ich, bat ke la lgi nhuan hay phi lpi nhuan deu can dugc xac dinh rd rang. Cho nen, dieu kien de nhan dan sin sang chia se vd ddng hdnh cung cac ca quan lini tru se can dugc lam ro va cdng khai.
Mac du da cho phep nhan dan tham gia da sd cac ndi dung khde nhau cua cdng tdc luu trii thdng qua dich vu luu trii, song xet tu quan diem dan chu, cac ndi dung nay dudng nhu vdn chua dii. Mgt tiong nhung npi dung quan tipng nhat cua cdng tac luu tru la qudn li nha nudc va duang nhien, chung thugc vl chuc nang cua nhiing co quan nha nudc cd thim quyen. Tuy vay, sy tham gia cua nhan dan vao boat ddng nay chua dugc thi hien rd. Trong tat cd van ban cd gia tri phap li cao ciia ngdnh luu trii, din nay khdng cd dilu khoan ndo vl
hinh thiic dy thinh hoac tham gia tiido luan, gdp y kien vao cdc dy an luat, phap lenh ciia cdng dan nhu tinh than cua Nghi quylt Hoi nghi lin thii ba Ban Chap hanh Trung uong Ddng (khda VHI)^. Dieu dd cd nghla la tiong luat phdp luu trii \^et Nam khdng nhiing thilu cac dilu khodn quy dinh ve phan phli lgi ich giua Nha nudc va cdng dan khi khu vyc tu tham gia dich vu luu trii, ma cdn thieu ca chinh sdch cho phep khu vyc tu dugc tiiao luan, de xuat vdi ca quan qudn li nha nudc vl ca chl phan phdi nay. Dieu dd khien cho vdn de lgi ich cua ngudi dan khi tham gia dich vu luu trii cd nguy ca bi dp dat bdi quan dilm cua CO quan qudn li nhd nudc. Cach tiep can ndy cd the lam ban che sy nhiet tinh tham gia cua cdc chli doanh nghiep, nhd dau tu, nha tdi trg, chu sd hiiu tdi lieu khi hg ddi hdi nhiing CO che boat ddng phu hgp vdi lgi ich cac ben.
Tuy tiong thyc tien, cac ca quan quan li nha nudc da thyc hien ISy y kien gdp y ciia cac chuyen gia, nhd qudn li ve dy thao Ludt Liru trii va mpt sd van bdn quan tipng khac, nhung khi md rdng sy tham gia cua nhan dan vao cdng tdc luu trii thi ddng thdi, ca che de ho tham gia vao hoaeh dinh chinh sach, xdy dyng phap luat se ddm bdo tdt han tinh kha thi ciia nhung quy dinh tiong Ludt. Dieu dd se t?o dyng he thdng thdng tin hai chi§u tryc tiep giua co quan qudn li vdi cdng dan, co quan, td chiic tuong ty nhu mdt kieu quan he k6t hgp giua hanh chinh - phue tung vdi phuang thdc thda thuan dl co quan cd tham quyen ban hanh va Ihyc hien nhung quyet dinh quan li phu hpp hon vdi thyc tiln va mong dgi ciia doanh nghiep, cd nhan tham gia dich vu luu trir. Thach thiic nay dudng nhu la khd khan nhit ddi vdi cdc lanh dao nganh, bdi le de hai hda giua cdc Igi ich nhdm'" trong nhdn dan 24 Van thu - Lun t r u Vifet Nam so 12/2015
IVghien e i h i - T r a o d o i
vdi lgi ich ciia Qudc gia, Dan tdc va Nha nudc Id bai toan ma nhi6u qudc gia phat trien da va vin dang phdi ddi mat.
3. Mdt s6 ggri y
Phdt trien ben viing la mong mudn va myc tieu cua ca nhan loai, nhimg phdt trien thi ndo vd lam the ndo de phat trien ludn la can hdi khd cho mgi ca quan qudn li, cdc lanh dao va nha nghien ctiu. Trong ban 30 nam qua, nganh Luu trii Viet Nam da cd nhung budc phat triln ndi bat ve phuang dien phdp li. Quan dilm vd tu tudng tham tiong nhung quy dinh cua phdp luat luu trii da td rd sy thich dng, sang tao vd giau tinh nhan van cua cdc co quan xay dyng va ban hanh luat. Tuy nhien, tii phat triln din phat trien ben viing ddi hdi nhilu cdng viec khdng kem phan gian nan. He thdng van ban quy pham phap luat da nhieu, da phu kin hau het cac van de cua cdng tac luu trii nhung chac chan cdn chua du. Nhiing cdi tien tiong Ludt Luu trir so vdi cdc Phdp lenh trudc, vira md ra hudng di mdi, vira dat cd nganh Luu trii vao nhiing thdch thiic mdi. Song, chung ta khdng don ddc, bdi le d nhieu ipidc gia cd nen luu trii phat trien nhu Hoa Ki, Canada vd Australia vdi the che chinh tri va nin tang van hda khac nhau cung da xdy ra tinh trang tuang ty. Kinh nghiem cua hg la tang cudng ddi thoai thay cho menh lenh, chia se quyen lgi va tiach nhiem hon Id canh tranh va kilm soat. Vdi dac thu vl chinh tri, quan li vd van hda nhu Viet Nam, khdng phdi giai phap nao cua nudc ban ciing cd the dp dung dugc.
Vi thi, trong khudn khd bai viet nay, nhiing ggi y sau day xuat phdt tir nguyen vgng tim kiem su phat triln bin viing chung cho toan nganh, vi lgi ich trudc hSt cua Qudc gia - Ddn tdc vd nhan dan:
- Trudc het, myc tieu tdng quat va cac bien
phap cua ngdnh Luu trii can dugc tuyen bd vdi nhung uu tien nhit dinh cho sy tham gia cua nhan dan: Mac du Quy hoaeh nganh Van thu - Luu tiii din 2020, tim nhin 2030 da xac dinh cy thi cac myc tiSu va gidi phap, nhung nhiing tu tudng vl sy tham gia cua nhan dan da dugc khang dinh tiong Luat Luu trii chua dugc bdc Id vd khang dinh lai.
- Thii hai, tang cudng ddi thoai: Tuc nhiing nam 70 ciia thi ky XX, nhilu cudc ddi thoai cdng khai cua ca quan quan li nganh Luu trir vdi cdc nha van, cdc nghe sT, tri thirc da dugc thyc hien vd rihd dd, khdng it tdi lieu ca nhan da dugc suu tdm va bao quan an todn. Trong bdi canh hien nay, nhan thiic ciia nhdn dan ve quyen vd lgi ich da thay ddi so vdi trudc. Thanh phan nhan dan la chu sd hiiu tdi lieu cung da dang han trudc. Dilu kien phdp li de nhan dan tham gia vdo rdiieu ndi dung cua cdng tac luu trii da xuat hien. Cho nen, nhiing tpa ddm vd trao ddi thang than, than tinh va cdng khai v6 nhieu van de, bao gdm cd nguySn vgng cua hp se giiip ich nhieu ban dl tim kiem giai phap chung cho bao tdn di san. Ddng thdi, cac nha nghien cuu nen dugc tao co hpi chia se quan diem, y kien d% cung ca quan luu trii, co quan qudn li cdi tao hien thuc. Tdng ket cdc cdng trinh nghien ciiu khoa hpc ve tai lieu luu trii nhan dan va qudn li nha nudc cdng tac lira tru thdi gian qua" cho thay rang bdn than cac nha nghien ciiu ciing cd trdch nhiem khdng nhd trong viec cham ddi mdi ciia ngdnh Luu trii d nhiing giai doan nhdt dinh. Ddy Id thdi dilm cac nhd qudn li, nhd luu trii vd nhd nghien ciiu can xich Iai gan nhau han nua, cimg ddi mat va chung tay gidi quyet nhung thach thiic.
Van thu - Lun t r u Viet Nam so 12/2015
IVghien c a n - T r a o doi
- Thii ba, cdng bang va cdng khai: Cac gia tri dan chii se khdng till thuc hien neu thieu su minh bach tiong quan li. Khi phap luat da cho phep nhan dan tham gia ngay cdng sau rpng vdo cdng tac luu trii thi mpi vSn de lien quan tdi viec qudn li va tao dilu kien cho boat dgng cua hg nen dugc thyc hien cdng khai va cdng bang giiia cac nhdm. Mudn the, sy cdng tam cua cac cap lanh dao Id ylu to tien quyet den sy Ihanh cdng cua yeu td nay.
Nhin chung, neu 30 nam ddi mdi dat nudc ghi dau nhieu thdnh tyu phat trien kinh te - xa hdi thi 30 nam cua ngdnh luu trii cung phan dnh sy thay ddi ngdy cdng tiln bd vd van minh.
Thdnh tuu ay, du mudn, vdn rit ddng ty hdo va cin tiep tuc dugc thiic day thyc hien. Se cdn khdng it cdng viec can lam tiong thdi gian tdi, nhung sy cdng tam cua lanh dao ciing vdi sy tham gia tich cyc cua cdc ca quan, td chirc, cd nhan se tao nen siic manh de thdnh cdng han, ben viing han D
* Bai viSt \k mpt phan ket qua nghiSn ciiu cua D6 tai khoa hgc cSp Tnrdng co ten: "Quan dilm quan H nhS nuoc v8 cong tdcliru tm giai doan 1986-2012" do Pham Thi Dieu Linh chli tri nam 2015.
1. David Held, Cac mo hinh quan 1^ nha nuoc hien dai (Pham Nguyen Trong djch), Nxb Tri thiic. Ha N3i, 2013, trang 24
2. Nglii quygt Hgi ngh) lan thii bay Ban chip hanh Trung uong Dang C6ng sin "^^$1 Nam khoa K
3 D ^ Xuan Chuc, Nguyen Van Ham, Vuong Dinh QuySn, Nguyen Van Tham, L^ lu§n va th\rc tiin cong tac luu tm, NXB Giao due (H)ai hpc, H^ Ngi, 1990, trang 15
4. Nghi6n ciiru t^p trung vao giai d o ^ 1986-2012, song tli 1982-2000, nganh lim trii Vi^t Nam vln thuc hien theo tinh than cua Phap lenh BSo v? tai li|u Luu tru nam 1982 nen nhung quan dilm dugc hinh thanh hi 1982-1986 khong thay doi ve CO ban
5. Bieu do va so li8u la ket qua nghien cihi cua dl tai
"Quan di6m quan ly nha nudc vl c6ng tac lmi nii giai doan 1986-2012". Theo do, mli tii, cym tii chi vai tro chii thi cua
nh&n dan trong sang tao, sd hiru, thuc hien lim giii tai li^,.. '^
se dugc quy uoc thanh 1 ki hi?u cung loai. s l 1^ xuSt hi^n b' hi?u n^y trong van ban la mot diu hieu chi mijtc d§ dl cjp din sy; tham gia ciia nguin dSn. Phuong phdp thdng kS djnli lugng ng6n ngu nhu vay kSt hpp voi phan tich n^i dung ngon ngii trong van ban la b3ng chirng cy thi ve quan dilm dSn chii trong phip luat luu trii Viet Nam.
6. Dieu 2, Phap l|nh Bdo v | tai lieu luu trii do Hgi ddng BO trucmg ban hanh ngay 30/11/1982
7. GS TS. Nguyen Duy Gia, Cai each nen hanh chinh quIc gia d nu6c ta, Nxb Chinh tri QuIc gia, Hk Ngi, 1995
8. Khio sSt tiln kha thi nam 2014 cho Luan an Tiln sT
"Chinh sich quan ly tiii lieu lmi trii nhan dan d Vi^t Nam".
Hien nay quy mfl khao sit dang md r$ng t6i 500 cong dSn co trinh dg hgc van tii dai hoc tro len dang cu tni trSn dja hkn Ha N$i. D6 li§u khao sit sau xii li se the hien trong kit qua ciia luan in.
9. Myc nhihig vi^c chinh can lam, Nghi quyet HOi nghj lan thii ba Ban Chap hinh Tnmg uong Gang (khoi Vm) ghi ro: "Co cic hinh thiic dS nhan dan co the du thinh hoac theo doi true ti6p qua cic phuong tien thong tm dai chflng cac kJ"
hgp cua co quan dan cii. Cii tiSn each thiic de nhan dan Iham gia Ihio luHn va gop y kiln vao cac du in luat, cic dy thao nghj quyet quan trgng cila dang vi Nhi nuctc that sy thilt thyc va c6 hieu qui; trinh lim hmh thiic, trin lan, ton kem."
10. Khai niem "Igd ich nhom" co nguon glc tii tmyeo thflng lobby chinh trj va quylt dinh theo si dong 6 Hoa Ki va mgt sg qu6c gia Tay An. Trong do, "lgi ich nhom" khoog nen hieu theo nghia tieu ci^c la "Igi ich cua s6 it ngucri", mi vl ban chat, lii ci cic thanh phin trong xa hoi deu c6 lgi Ich ciia rieng nh6m do, chang han lgi ich ciia nong dan khong hoan toin giong voi Igfi ich cua doanh nghiSp hay nhi khoa hgc.
Bin than "lgi ich nhom" la mgt d6ng lyc ciia su phit triln, d?ic bi^t trong quin 11 nhi nude theo dan chii, bdi le "lgi ich nhdmjf'-^
cing m^nh cing doi hoi nang luc cao ciia nhi quin.li ih ton trgng vi hai hfla dugc lgi ich ciia sfl dong cac nhdm. Theo Le Van Danh, "Chmh sich cflng. ciia Hoa Ky", Nxb Thing KS, Hi Noi, 2001.
11 Ket luin tii Tflng quan nghien ciiu "Chinh sich quan ly tai lieu luu HTI nhan dan 6 Viet Nam" do Pham Thj Di^u Linh thyc hi^n, Hi Noi, thing 8.2015
Van thv - Lmi tpw Viet Nam so 12/S015
