Tgp chi Khoa hgc Truong Dgi hgc Cdn Tha Phdn C- Khoa hgc Xa hgi, Nhdn vdn vd Gido due: 26 (2013) • 22-29
Tap chi Khoa hpc TrL/cJng Dai hoc Can Thd website: sj.ctu.edu.vn
DANH GIA CUA DU KHACH Vt DU LICH SINH THAI
Of KHU DU LJCH GAO GIONG, HUYEN CAO LANH, TINH DONG THAP Nguyin Trgng Nhan'
' Khoa Khoa hgc Xd hgi vd Nhdn vdn, Trudng Bgi hgc Cdn Tha
Tkdng tin chung:
Ngdy nhgn: 20/12/2012 Ngdy chdp nhgn. 19/06/2013
Tide:
Tourists' opinions ofecolourism at Gao Giong tourist site, Cao Lanh District, Dong Thap Province
TOrklida:
Du Ifch sinh thdi, Dong Thdp Mudi, Gdo Giong, hi sinh thdi ddt ngdp nuac noi dia
Keywords:
Ecotourism, Dong Thap Muoi, Gao Giong, ecosystem of inland wetland
ABSTRACT
Gao Giong is one of tvi'o sites that has a lot of advantages for ecotourism development in Dong Thap Province. Therefore, from 2000, Vietnam Institute for Tourism Development Research has defined that Gao Giong tourist site has high potential for tourism development for the whole nation as well as for the Mekong Delta.
However, for the last few years, this tourist site still has not obtained proper investment. This leads to some problems such as difficulty for
access; less diversification in tourism services and /ow tourism services quality; law workers' lore; not supplying all requests of ecotourism. etc. By using questionnaires to survey tourists' opinions and combining with the secondary data, this research paper aims to clarifying the current situation as well as tourists' opinions of ecotourism at Gao Giong tourist site. Furthermore, based on the findings, this research also points out some solutions to boost
ecotourism development at survey area in the future.
TOM TAT
Gdo Giong Id mot trong hai dia bdn co nhiiu l(/i thi vi phat triin du lich sinh thdi d tinh Dong Thdp. Vi vay, tie nam 2000, Vien Nghiin cuu Phdf trien Du Ifch da xdc dinh KJm du lich Gdo Giong co y nghia quoc gia vd viing. Tuy nhien, thdi gian qua, fOm du lich vdn chua dugc ddu tu diing muc: kha ndn^ tiep can cdn kho khan; cdc dich vu cung ung chua da dgng vd chat lugng con hgn chi; trinh do cua dgi ngii nhdn viin con thdp; chua dam bdo mot so yiu cdu trong du lich sinh thai.... Bdng phuang plidp dieu tra du khdch thong qua bdng cdu hoi kit hgp vdi da lieu thu cdp,^ nghien cuu phdn dnh thuc trgng cung nhu ddnh gid cua du khdch vi du lich sinh thdi d Khu du lich Gdo Giong thdi gian qua. Tren ca sd do, nghien cuu di xudt mgt so gidi phdp nham gop phdn thuc day phat triin du lich sinh thai d dia bdn khao sat trong thdi gian tdi.
1 DAT VAN B E
Trong phan djnh hudng cua Bh an Phat triln du Heh dong bing sdng Ciiu Long din nam 2020, du Hch sinh thai duge xem la mgt
yong nhiing san pham du lich dac thii ciia vimg (Vien Nghien cuu Phat y i l n Du lich, 2010, y . 56). Mgt trong nhOng he sinh tliai co gia y i khai thac du lich sinh thai ndi ydi la he sinh thai dat ngap nude npi dja Ddng Thap
Tgp chi Khoa hgc Trudng Dgt hoc Cdn Tho Phdn C: Khoa hoe Xa hgi. Nhdn i- aGidodue-26(2013).!
Mudi (Vien Nghien ciru Phat trien Du Hch, 2010, y . 56). Trong khi do, ngoai Tram Chim, Gao Gidng lai la viing dit tieu bieu cho kieu he sinh thai nay.
Riing tram Gao Gidng cd dien tich 1.657 ha thudc xa Gao Gidng, huyen Cao Lanh, tinh Ddng Thap. Gao Giong khdng chi la noi thuan lgi cho cac loai chim nude tni ngu, kiem an, sinh san ma cdn la mdi trudng ly tudng de cac loai thiiy sinh tdn tai va phat trien. Sy da dang sinh hgc; canh quan thien nhien dep, hoang so;
khi hau trong lanh, mat me,... la nhiing lgi the de Gao Gidng cd the phat yien loai hinh du lich sinh thai. Danh gia dugc gia yi canh quan, sinh thai cua Gao Gidng yong phat trien du lich, nam 2003, loai hinh du Hch sinh thai dugc dua vao khai thac d day. Theo Vien Nghien ciiu Phat yiln Du Ijch (2000, y . 55), Khu du lich Gao Gidng la mgt trong cac diem du lich d tinh Ddng Thap cd y nghTa qudc gia va vimg.
Phat triln du Hch ndi chung va du Hch sinh thai ndi rieng khdng nim ngoai muc dich thoa man nhieu nhu eau ciia du khach va theo do la cac lgi I'ch vl kinh tl-xa hpi d dia ban co co hpi phat trien. Do do, 6.h du Ijeh sinh thai d Gao Giong eo thi phat Uien nhanh va ben vQ-ng nhim dam bao ca hai muc tieu tren thi nhiing cai thien vl ca sd ha ting, ca sd vat chat ky thuat, nguon nhan lye, bao ve mdi trudng-sinh thai, xay dyng cac hoat ddng du lich, mang lai lgi ich cho ngudi dan dia phuong,... tren co sd danh gia, de xuit cua du khach dugc xem la quan ygng va cd y nghTa thyc tien.
Tren co sd dir lieu sa cap tu phdng vin du khach thdng qua bang eau hoi ciing dit Heu thii cap. nghien ciiu phan anh mpt sd van de ve:
tinh hinh khai thac du lich sinh thai d Khu du lich Gao Gidng; danh gia ciia du khach v l du lich sinh thai d Khu du lich Gao Giong thdi gian qua. Tii do, nghien ciiu dh xuit mgt s6 kien nghi nham khai thac eo hieu qua ban ddi vdi loai hinh du lich sinh thai d dia ban khao sat de Gao Gidng khdng nhung la diim din hap din hem ma cdn la noi duy tri duge he sinh thai dit ngap nude diln hinh viing Ddng Thap
Mudi, dong thdi mang lai nhieu lgi ich han cho ngudi dan dia phuomg yong tuang lai.
2 PHirOTNG PHAP NGHIEN c u t ; Kit qua nghiSn ciru ve danh gia ciia du khach ddi vdi du lich sinh thai d Khu du lich Gao Gidng chu yeu dya tren phuang phap dilu y a bing bang cau hoi ddi vdi 70 du khach npi dia din du lich tai Gao Gidng. Cach thiic lay mau phi xac suit theo kieu thuan tien. Thai gian chgn mau vao thang 11 va thang 12 nSm 2012. Phin mirn SPSS 13.0 for Windows dugc su dun^ d l phan tich dii lieu dilu Ua dudi dang: thdng ke md ta (tin s6, tin suat, gia tri trung binh); danh gia do tin cay eua thang do (he s6 a ciia Cronbach tir 0,8 den gin 1 thi thang do ludng la tdt, tii 0,7 din gin 0,8 la sii dung dugc) (Hoang Trgng va Chu Nguyen Mong Nggc, 2008. tc. 24); phan tich tuong quan Pearson va Speannan. Bang dilu tra sii dung thang do dinh danh va thang do thtr bSc (vdi 5 muc do, nhd nhit la I va cao nhit la 5, do Rennis Likert gidi thieu). Ddi vdi phan tich tuong quan Pearson va Spearman, hd s6 tuang quan (r) cd gia yi -1 <= r <= 1 diing dl \x(sz lugng hudng (thuan hoac nghich) va dd manh eiia mdi quan he giiia hai biln (tuong quan cap). 0 < r <= 1: tuong quan tuyIn tinh thuan (bien x tang thi bien y cung tang); -1 <= r < 0:
tuang quan tuyen tinh nghich (biln x tang thi bien y giam va ngugc lai); r = 0: hai biln khdng CO Hen he gi vdi nhau. Theo Cao Hao Thi, I r I < 0,4: mang quan ylu; | r I = 0,4-0,8:
tuong quan trung binh; I r 1 > 0,8: tuong quan manh (fita.hua.edu .vn/ tthieu/.../ Ly%20 thuyet%20Tuong%20quan~Hoi%20quyy.pdf).
Phuang phap nghien cuu tai li6u va so li?u thu cap diing de tdng thuat cac kit qua ve s6 lugt khach, doanh thu du lich, ngudn nhan luc, CO sd vat chit ky thuat phuc vu du lich, tuyen diem du lich,...
Cac ket qua v l sy tham gia ciia ngudi dan dia phuang vao boat ddng du lich, lgi ich ma ngudi dan dia phuang dugc hudng tir viec phit triln du lich d Gao Giong; dilu ki?n va hiSn trang phat triln du Hch sinh thai Gao Gidng,...
duge phan ti'ch yen co sd phdng vin true tiep nhan vien Cdng ty Trach nhiem hu'u han va
Tgp chi Khoa hgc Truong Dgi hgc Cdn Tha Phdn C: Khoa hoc Xa hgi, Nhdn vdn vd Gido due: 26 (2013): 22-29 Dich vu du lich Gao Gidng, ngudi dan dia cay Gao. Theo ngudi dan dia phuang, trudc phuong la nhiing cdng tac vien hudng din day viing dit Gao Gidng rat khic nghiet (mua du lich. kho thi dit dai mit ne, miia mua thi nude menh 3 K E T OUA NGHIEN ClTU mong, nhieu phen) nSn it ed loai cay nao cd t h i phat triln dugc ngoai trir cay Gao. Tir do, 3.1 Tinh hinh khai thac du lich sinh thai a Gao da y d thanh bilu tugng ciia su sdng trong K h u du lich Gao Giong dilu kien kho khan nen ngudi dan dja phuang Khu du hch Gao Gidng cd dien tich 350 ha ^^ ^^^ ^^" ' ° ^ ' ""^^ ^^ '^^^ "^"^ ^^^•
t h u d c r i m g y a m Gao Gidng(1.657 h a ) , d i p 6, Rirng yam Gao Gidng dugc ydng nam xa Gao Gidng, huyen Cao Lanh, tinh Ddng 1985 nhung din thang 7 nam 2003 loai hinh Thap. Gao la ten ciia mpt loai cay; Gidng la du lich sinh thai mdi dugc dua vao khai thac.
phan dat cao do thien nhien tao nen, chay dai Tir khi y d thanh khu du lich din nay, sd lugt (Huynh Cdng Tin, 2007, y . 563). Nhu vay, khach den Gao Gidng khdng ngimg gia tang Gao Giong la phan dit cao, chay dai, cd nhilu qua eac nam (Bang 1).
Bang 1: Sl lugt khach den Khu du lich Gio Giong so vol tinb Ddng Thap (2007-2011)
Ban vi: Iuat khdch
Khach n$i dia Khach qu6c t^
T6ng
% so vdi Tinh 2007 24.410 141 24.551 3,38
2008 26.068 152 26.220 2,65
2009 36.294 265 36.559 3,13
2010 38.094 353 38.447 3,14
2011 48.249 480 48.731 3,58
Toe d$ tang trung binh C/o/nim) 19,4 37,8 19,5
Nguon: Tong hgp tir so lieu cung cap cua Cong ty Trdch nhiem hiru han vd Dich vy du lich Gdo Gidng vd Sa Vdn hoa- The Thao-Du lich Dong Thdp. nam 2012
Nhin chung, khach du lich din Gao Gidng s u gia tang v l sd Iuat khach da keo theo chu ylu la khach ndi dia, khach quoc t l mac joanh thu du lich d Gao Giong cung khdng dii CO tdc do tang yudng yung binh hang nam ngimg gia tang va dat tdc do tang trudng trung cao n h p g ve sd lugt thi kem hon rat nhieu, binh 33,0%/nam (Bang 2).
chua bing 1/100 khach ndi dja.
Bang 2: Doanh thu 6* Khu du lich Gao Gidng so \in doanh thu du lich Ddng Thap (2007-2011) Ban vj- Trieu dong 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 Tdc dp tang frung binh (%/nam)
33,0
Ngudn: Tdng hgp tir sd lieu cung cap ciia Cong ty Trdch nhiem huu han vd Dich v\i du lich Gdo Giong vd Sd Van hoa- Thi Thao-Du lich Dong Thdp, 2012
Cac ngudn thu d Khu du lich Gao Gidng vien eo yinh do dai hgc (10%), 7 nhan vien cd chu y l u tir dich vu an udng, tham quan, ban trinh dp trung cip (23,3%), sd cdn lai ed trinh hang luu niem, dich vu giai yi (cau ca, dan ca do phd thdng duge dao tao tai chd hoac tap tai tii) va luu tni. huin nghiep vu ngin han (Cdng ty Trach , X . . . L J .- L . ^ ' nhiem huii han va Dich vu du lich Gao Gidng, Neuon nhan luc phuc vu du hch o Gao -,m"^, MU- U * > U .*~ • i.- •- ,
• ^ - -,« -• . i • . ^•. *x , 2012). Nhin chung, trinh do cua nhan vien a Gidne co 30 nguai, bao gom: 1 Giam doc, 1 ,,, , ,. , . ^^i , ^: , . „ , ,, , . .
„ , . , | . . jx \y^\'. -,». i, I. - on Khu du hch con thap, CO yen 65% la lao ddng T6ng doanh thu
% so vdi Tinh 1.529
2,41 2.147
3,20 3.049
3,85 3.409
2.81 4.697
2,82
Phd Giam ddc, 6 le tan, 2 thuyet minh vien, 20
ngudi phuc vu ban, bip. Trong sd do, 3 nhan phd thdng.
Tap chi Khoa hoc Trudng Dgi hgc Cdn Tha Phdn C" Khoa hgc Xa hgi. Nhdn vdn vd Gido due: 26 (2013): 22-29
Nhim phuc vu nhu cau tham quan ciia du khach, Khu du Hch co 21 xudng ba la, mdi xudng ed siie chua 4 khach ndi dia hoac 2 khach quoc tl. Vay ciing luc sd lugng xudng d Khu du lich cd t h i chuyen chd duge 84 khach ndi dja hoac 42 khach qudc te. Tuy nhien, hien chi cd 11 xudng dang duge sii dung, sd cdn lai dang dugc sua chiia. Do chiu sy tac ddng ciia tinh miia vu nen Khu du Hch ludn xay ra tinh trang thira phuong tien van chuyen vao miia thip diem va thieu phuang tien vao miia cao diim. Khu du lich cdn ed 10 xe dap ddi phuc vu nhu cau tham quan bing dudng bg cua du khach. Tuy nhien, phuang tien tham quan nay hien van chua h i p din duge nhieu du khach do quang dudn^ tham quan khdng di qua noi cd canh quan hap din.
Hien Khu du Hch eo 2 phong nghi vdi sue chua 4 khach/dem va mgt phong ngii tap the cd siic chda khoang 30 khach. Do nhu ciu luu yii ciia du Idiaeh chua nhieu cung vdi sy gian doan ve thdi gian luu tni yong nam nen Khu du Ijch chua that sy quan tam diu tu ve sd lugng, cai thien chat lugng ve loai hinh dich vu nay.
Khu du Ijch da tao dilu kien cho ngudi dan dja phuang dugc tham gia vao boat dgng du Hch. Hien cd khoang 10-15 nhan vien bai xuong dua khach tham quan la nhimg co gai sinh song gin Khu du Hch. Thu nhap ciia hg phu thupc vao sd lin chd khach tham quan trong ngay.
Nham phuc vu nhu ciu an udng ciia du khach, Khu du Hch ed 5 khu nha an cd siie chira khoang 200 khach. Khu nha an duge xay dyng yen hd sen, vat lieu xay dyng chu ylu bang cay la nen phii hgp vdi phong canh va kha mat me.
Qk khai thac du lich d Gao Gidng, tinh Ddng Thap da xay dung mpt so tuyIn du lich nhu: Lang Cu Phd bang Nguyen Sinh Sic-Khu Du lich Gao Gidng; Khu di tich Xeo Quyt- Lang Cu Pho bang Nguyen Sinh Sic-Khu du ijch Gao Giong; Sa Dec-Khu di y'ch Xeo Quyt- Lang Cu Phd bang Nguyen Sinh Sie-Khu du lich Gao Gidng; Sa Dec-Khu di tich Xeo Quyt-
Lang Cu Phd bang Nguyen Sinh Sie-Vudn qudc gia Tram Chim-Khu du lich Gao Giong.
Cac tour du lich chii yeu tu 1 den 2 ngay.
Hoat ddng tuyen truyin giao due bao v?
mdi trudng cho du khach chu yeu thdng qua bang ndi quy. Ben canh dd, de nang cao y thiic eiia ngudi dan dia phuang yong v i | c bdo vf tai nguyen-mdi trudng, Ban quan ly rirng yam da phdi hgp vdi chinh quyen dja phuang cic xa Phong My, Tan NghTa. Gao Gidng thdng tin cho ngudi dan dia phuang v l cip dp nguy hilm cua chay rung, tuyen truyin Iuat bao ve nin^, bao ve tai nguyen dgng vat hoang da va ngudn lgi thuy san.
3.2 Danh gia ciia du khach ve du lich sinh thai d Khu du lich Gao Giong Mau khao sat gom 70 du khach, yong do nam chiem 57,1%, nii chiem 42,9%. Dp tuoi dudi 25 chilm da sd (52,9%), tir 25-34 (38,6%), tir 35-44 (5,7%) va tir 45-54 (1,4%).
Danh gia eua hg v l du lich sinh thai d Khu du iich Gao Gidng nhu sau:
Ve da dang sinh hge, su da dang eac loai thuc vat dugc du khach danh gia cao han so vdi eac loai ddng vat, tuang ling 3,56 va 3,47.
Nhin chun^, du khach danh gia d miic trung binh kha ddi vdi chi tieu nay.
Dilu kien ca sd ha ting phuc vu phat yiln du lich d Khu du lich cdn chua tdt, dac bift la dudng giao thdng duge du khach danh gia d muc 3,01; cac yeu td khac (noi dd xe; dien, nude sinh hoat; thdng rin lien lac) cung chi d mire tmng binh kha din kha tdt (3,41; 3,50;
3,55).
Ngudn nhan lyc du Ijch d Gao Giong dugc du khach danh gia kha tdt (Bang 3), dac bift la thai do don tilp va phuc vu ciia nhan vi^n.
Co sd vat chit ky thuEit phuc vu du Ijch d Gao Gidng dxigc du khach danh gia d muc kha tdt ddi vdi khu nha an (3,63), phuang tien van chuyin tham quan (3,51), dai quan sat (3,58);
trong khi do, cac nhan to hang luu niem (3,24), boat dgng vui choi giai Wi (3,24), nha vS sinh (3,46) chi dugc danh gia d mire trung binh kha (Cronbaeh's Alpha = 0,8, thang do ludng tdt).
Tgp chi Khoa hgc Truong Dgi hgc Cdn Tha Phdn C- Khoa hoc Xd hgi, Nhdn van vd Gido due 26 (2013) • 22-29
Bang 3: Danh gia cua du khach ve nguon nhan lyc Khu du lich sinh thai Gao Giong Gia tri Gia tii
nhd nhit Idn nhat
Tiea chi GiS tri trung binh Dp Ifch chuan
Thai dp don tiSp va phuc vu ciia nhan vien
Trinh dp chuyen mon va nghiep vu ciia hudng din vien
Sy nhiSt tinh va kip thdi cua nhan vi6n
1 1 2
5 5 5
3,79 3,54 3,66
0,72016 0,73923 0,67857 Nguon: Dieu tra true tiip tu du khdch, 2012
Chu thich: Do tin cay cua thang do: Cronbach's Alpha = 0,86 Co sd vat chat IQ' thuat phuc vu du Ijch d Gao Gidng dugc du khach danh gia d muc kha tdt ddi vdi khu nha an (3,63), phuang tien van chuyin tham quan (3,51), dai quan sat (3,58);
yong khi dd, cac nhan td hang luu niem (3,24), hoat dgng vui choi giai tri (3,24), nha ve sinh (3,46) chi dugc danh gia d miic trung binh kha Bang 4: Danh gia ciia du khach ve mpt sd vin dl lien
> 0,8, ihang do ludng tot
(Cronbaeh's Alpha = 0,8, thang do ludng tdt).
Van d l an ninh trat tu, an toan d Khu du Hch dugc du khach danh gia kha tot; rieng ddi vdi su da dang cac boat ddng du lich, thiSt ke tuyen tham quan, boat ddng tuyen truyen quang ba du lich chi dugc danh gia d muc trung binh kha (Bang 4).
quan den du lich sinh thai d Gao Giong
Tieu chi Gia tri
nhd nhat Gia tri Idn nhit
Gia trj Do I|cb trung binh chnSn An ninh yat ty, an toan
Sy da d^ng cac hog-t dong du lich Thiet ke tuyen tham quan
Hoat dpng tuyen truyen, quang ba du lich
1 2 1 2
5 5 5 5
3,80 3,26 3,32 3,30
0,73426 0,78451 0,75718 0,75351 Ngudn: Dieu tra true tiip tir du khdch, 2012
Chii thich. Dg tin c^ cua thang do: Cronbach's Alpha v l gia ca dich vu, du khach danh gia rat hgp ly ddi vdi dich vu mua sam (4,51), kha hgp ly ddi vdi dich vu tham quan (3,71), giai tri (3,62); gia ca cac dich vu luu tni va an udng ehi dugc danh gia d miic trung binh kha, tuong irng 3,38 va 3,42 (Cronbaeh's Alpha = 0,88 >
0,8, thang do ludng tot).
Bang 5: Danh gia cua du khach vl cdng tac bao tdn sinh vat va bao vf mdi trirdng 0.81 > 0.8. Ihang do tu&ng lot
Ddi vdi cdng tac bao tdn, giao due bao ve mdi trudng, du khach danh gia d miic kha tot ddi vdi viec bao ve cac loai ddng thyc vat; duy chi cac van de ve giao due, bao ve mdi trudng d Khu du Hch chi dugc du khach danh gia d muc yung binh kha.
Tieu chi Gia tri
nhd nhat Gia trj Idn nhat
Gia tri trung binh
Do lech chuan Bao v$ cac loai ddng vat
BSo ve cac loai thyc vat
Hogt dpng dien giai, giao due bao ve mdi trudng Thilt bj chiia dung rac
Cdng tac thu gom va xii ly rac thai
3,64 3,62 3,22 3,44 3,38
0,89065 0,84194 0,83159 0,81739 0,81092 Ngudn • Dieu tra iryce tiep ti/ du khdch. 2012
Chii Ihich. Do tin cgy cua ihang do- Cronbach's Alpha = 0,73, thang d ludng su dung duac
Tcqj chi Khoa hoc Trudng Dgi hgc Cdn Tho Hien cd mgt so ngudi dan dia phuong dugc Phdn C: Khoa hoc Xd hgi, Nhdn vdn vd Gido due: 26 (2013):
I
tham gia vao boat ddng du lich va cd lgi ich.
Tuy nhien, sy tham ^ia ciia cdng ddng yong du lich vin cdn ban che va lgi ich ma cdng ddng dugc hudng eon khiem ton. Dieu nay duge du khach danh gia d muc 3,21 va 3,12, tuc muc trung binh kha (Cronbaeh's Alpha = 0,81 >
0,8, thang do ludng tdt).
Phin Idn du khach cam thiy hai long sau chuyin di Gao Gidng (55,7%); tuy nhien, cdn mgt ty le dang kl du khach cam thiy binh thudng (40%); sd du khach cam thiy khdng hai long va rit hai long chilm ty le rit nhd 1,4% va 2,9%, tuong ung. Muc 6^ hai long cua du khach cd tuang quan den nhieu yeu td:
d miic y nghia a = 0,01, do tin cay 99%, kilm dinh Pearson (hai dudi), miic do hai long ciia du khach tuong quan thuan vdi: cac loai ddng vat dugc bao ve tdt (r = 0,34, Sig. = 0,004), thai do don tiep va phuc vu cua nhan vien (r = 0,420, Sig. = 0,000), su nhiet tinh va kjp thdi ciia nhan vien (r = 0,39, Sig. = 0,001), sy da d?ng cac hoat ddng du lich (r = 0,44, Sig. 0,000), hang luu niem
Bang 6: Tiro'ng quan giita mirc dp hai long va &\x dinh gidi thiSu d€n du kh^ch tilm nang (r = 0,31, Sig. = 0,010), thiet ke tuyen diam quan (r = 0,37, Sig. = 0,002), hoat ddng tuyen truyin quang ba du lich (r = 0,36, Sig. = 0,003), gia ca an udng (r 0,41, Sig. ^ 0,001). gia ca luu yii (r = 0,43, Sig. = 0,002), gia ca tham quan (r = 0,33, Sig. = 0,007).
6 miic y nghTa a = 0,05, do tin cay 95%, kilm djnh Pearson (hai dudi), miic dp hai Idng cua du khach cd tuong quan thuan vdi: da dang cac loai thuc vat (r = 0,26, Sig. = 0,032), thilt bi chiia dyng rac nhi^u va phii hgp (r - 0,30, Sig. = 0,015), cdng tac thu gom va xu ly rac thai (r = 0,31, Sig. = 0,010), ngudi dan dia phuang dugc tham gia vao hoat ddng du lich (r = 0,25, Sig. •• 0,039), hinh dp chuyen mon va nghiep vu cua hudng din vien (r = 0,29, Sig. = 0,0 i 4), ichu nha an (r - 0,24, Sig. = 0,049).
Dy dinh gidi thieu ve du Hch Gao Gidng den ngudi than va ban be tir phia du khach cd tuong quan thuan vdi miic dd hai Idng ciia ho.
Do do, Ban quan ly Khu du Heh Gao Gidng can phai het sdc luu y den van de nay.
Mfrc dd hai long Gidi thif u d£n ngu-oi tbSn vh ban be Miic dp hai long 1< ^
Gidi thieu den ngudi than va ban be r = 0 , 3 7 "
Sig. = 0,002
1 , , ; ; -
:i
Nguon: Dieu tra true tiep tit du khdch. 2012
Cha thich: ' * Tuang quan Spearman) d muc y nghia a = l%,dd tin cgy 99% (Idim djnh 2 dudi). r=0.3 7 (tuong quanyiu) Du djnh cd the quay yd lai Gao Giong cua
du khach chiem ty le Idn nhit (74,3%), chic chin y d lai (21,4%), klidng y d lai (2,9%) va chae chin khdng y d Isii (1,4%).
3.3 Giai ph^p phat trien du lich sinh thai Khu du lich Gao Giong
Dl du Ijch sinh thai d Khu du lich Gao Gidng cd the phat trien hon trong tuong lai cin thyc hien cac giai phap sau:
Md rgng va nang cip tuyIn dudng bp ndi liln qudc Id 30 vdi Khu du lich d l thuan tien cho viec di lai eiia du khach, ddng thdi nit ngan duge thdi gian di chuyin.
Gidi thieu cho du khach mgt each toan dien
ve lich su, da dang sinh hgc ciia Gao Gidng, nhiing thach thiic ma Gao Gidng da va dang phai ddi mat de du khach hidu hon v l Khu du lich; ddng thai ciing nhic nhd du khach bao ve cac loai ddng thyc vat, giii gin va bao ve mdi trudng thdng qua chieu phim tu lieu d trung tam tap trung khach.
Tilp tuc duy tri sy tham gia cua ngudi dan dja phuang vao boat ddng du lich; tuy nhien, can dao tao de nang cao nang lyc thuylt minh ciia hg.
Co the xay dung them mgt sd tuyIn tham quan dudng dai ven bd bao ciia rirng yam de du khach cd cai nhin toan canh va biet
Tgp chi Khoa hoc Trudng Dgi hgc Cdn Tha Phdn C: Khoa hgc Xa hgi. Nhdn vdn vd Gido due: 26 (2013): 22-29
dugc hinh thiic muu sinh ciia cu dam quanh Khu du lich.
Can quy hoach mgt khu dat rgng d phan khu hanh chinh va dich vu du Hch dl cd khong gian cho boat ddng cim trai, td chirc teambuilding.
Bao ve mdi trudng nude ao sen yong sach, tranh xa nude thai ban, cd miii xudng vi khu nha an xay cit yen ao sen.
Tang cudng bd yi sot rac tai cac khu nha an ik tien cho du khach dong thdi yanh dugc tinh trang rac thai roi xudng ao sen.
Dich vu an udng can da dang ban, dac biet cd nhung thuc don phii hgp vdi kha nang tai chinh ciia ddi tugng la khach le, khach la hgc sinh, sinh vien.
Diu tu them dich vu luu tni nhung cin quan tam den van de ve sinh va bao ve sue khde cho du khach.
Can da dang han cac boat ddng du lich; xay dung khu vui choi giai tri cho ye em.
Lam mai che nang mua d bai dd xe; bd tri nhan vi£n ydng giir xe nhim yanh tinh yang ydm cap ed the xay ra.
Khu nudi nhdt dgng vat can giii gin ve sinh, bd sung them sd lugng loai ddng vat cho du khach tham quan.
Bao ve va ydng th8m sen yong ao nham tao canh quan khu an udng, tham quan.
Bd tri them dai quan sat, dac biet la d nhiing vi yi thuan tien cho viec quan sat cac loai chim nude nhung yanh tinh yang lam anh hudng din hoat ddng kiem an, sinh san, tni ngu ciia chiing.
Lien kit vdi cac diem du lich khac d tinh Ddng Thap quang ba hinh anh du Heh Gao Gidng; ben canh do, can lam hai long du khach de ho tham gia gidi thieu du lich Gao Gidng din khach hang tilm nang.
cin tim hieu khau vi am thye eua du khach (nhit la nhiing doan khach din tu cac viing khae) dl phuc vu dugc tdt ban; thinh thoang
phat philu tham dd lay y kien cua du khach nhim cai thien nhiing han che.
4 KET LUAN
Qua qua yinh nghien cuu, cd the nit ra mgt sd nhan dinh vl du lich sinh thai d Gao Gidng nhu sau:
Khu du lich Gao Giong la mpt yong hai diem din du lich sinh thai co gia yi nhat tinh Ddng Thap (ben canh Tram Chim).
Nhd vao cac dilu kien: khi hau trong lanh, mat me (70%); khung canh thien nhien dep, hoang so (62,9%); co nhieu mon an dac san ddng que (51,4%) ma Gao Gidng dugc du khach chgn lam diem den yong chuyen di du lich eua minh.
Du khach bilt din du lich sinh thai Gao Gidng chu ylu thdng qua ngudi than va ban be gidi thieu (80%).
Thdi gian luu lai eua du khach d Gao Gidng cdn ngin, phan Idn yong ngay (97,1%).
Dilu nay do thdi gian tham quan d Khu du lich ngan va chua ed du co sd luu tni dat chat lugng theo yeu eau ciia du khach (dac biet la khach den tir eac viing khac).
Dieu kien co sd ha tang, ea sd vat chat ky thuat, nguon nhan luc, cdng tac bao tdn tai nguyen, bao ve mdi trudng, gia ea dich vu, thiet ke tuyen diem, boat ddng du lich, su tham gia ciia ngudi dan dia phuang, cdng tac giao due mdi trudng, an ninh trat tu va an toan, hang luu niem, boat ddng tuyen truyin quang ba du Hch,... dugc du khach danh gia tir muc trung binh kha den kha tdt.
Phin Idn du khach cam thay hai Idng ve chuyen du lich den Gao Gidng (55,7%).
Dy dinh gidi thieu du lich Gao Gidng den ngudi than va ban be cd tuong quan thuan vdi muc do hai long cua du khach.
Rat nhieu du khach dy dinh se quay ird lai Gao Gidng du Hch it nhat mgt lin niia (74,3%).
De du lich sinh thai Gao Gidng phat yiln cin sy quan tam cua Uy Ban nhan dan huyen Cao Lanh, Cdng ty Trach nhiem huu ban va
Tgp chi Khoa hoc Trudng Dgi hgc Cdn Tha Phdn C: Khoa hoc Xa hoi, Nhdn vdn vd Gido due 26 (2013): 22-29 Dich vu du lich Gao Giong yong viec dau tu
nang cao chit lugng cac ngudn lyc du lich.
TAI UpJ THAM KHAO
1. Bernard H. R., 2009. Cac phuong phap nghien ciiu yong nhan hpc-Tiep can dinh tinh va dinh lupng. Nha xuat ban Dai hpc Qudc gia Thanh phd Hd Chi Minh. 561 trang.
2. Cao Hao Thi. Tuong quan va hoi quy tuyen tinh. fita.hua.edu.vn/tthieu/.../Ly%20thuyet
%20Tuong%20quan-Hoi%2aquyy.pdf. 9 trang. Truy cap ngay 2/11/2012.
3. Huynh Cong Tin, 2007. Tir diln Tir ngu Nam bp. Nxb Khoa hpc Xa hoi. 1392 yang.
Hoang Trong, Chu Nguyen Mong Ngpc, 2008.
Phan tich dQ lidu nghien ciiu vdi SPSS (t|p 1), Nha xuit ban Hong Diic. 295 trang.
Hoang Trpng, Chu Nguyin Mong Ngpc, 2008^ ll"
Phan n'ch du' lieu nghien ciiu vdi SPSS (tap 2), Nha xudt ban Hong Diic. 179 Uang.
Vien Nghien ciiu Phat triln Du lich, 2010. Dg an phat trien du lich ddng bing song Ciiu Long din 2020. Ha Ndi. 94 Uang.
Vien Nghien cim Phat trien du lich, 2000. Quy hoach tong the phat trien du lich tinh Ddng Thap thdi ky 200I-20I0 va dinh hudng din nam 2020. HaNoi. 92 yang.
