IAP CHi CONG IHIflfNC
TU CHU DAI HOC:
KINH NGHIEM QUOC TE, BOI CANH TRONG NlJ6C VA BAI HOC CHO VIET NAM
' NGUYEN DONG ANH XUAN
TOM TAT:
Tff chu dai hpc la dieu kien can thid't d^ thffc hien phffdng thffc quan tri dai hoc tidn lie'n nham cai tid'n va nang cao cha't Iffdng dao tao. Tif chii dai hoc d Vidt Nam da dffdc dat ra each day gan 30 nam, ke' tff khi thanh lap hai dai hgc qudc gia vao giffa thap nien 1990, nhffng dd'n nay van dang trong giai doan thi diem va cdn nhilu ba't cap. Tai cac quoc gia cd nen giao due phai trien nhff Hoa Ky hay Nhat Ban, thi Iff chu dai hpc dffdc thffc hien each dSy nhieu thap ky va da trd thanh cac qud'c gia die'n hinh cho nIn giao due md, cd chat Iffdng tren the gidi.
Hien nay, tff chu dai hpc dffdc cho la giai phap chu dao de phat trien va hdi nhap giao due dai hgc Viet Nam vdi the gidi, ndn rat can hgc hdi kinh nghidm qud'c te' ve van d l nay. Bai vid't lap trung nghidn cffu va khai quat ndi dung ve Iff chii dai hgc, tdng ke'lkinhnghidm tff chu dai hgc ciia mdt sd qud'c gia trdn the gidi va tff dd rut ra nhffng dac die'm lam bai hoc kinh nghidm cho Viet Nam.
Tiif khda: Giao due dai hpc (GDDH), tff chu dai hpc (TCDH), quan tri dai hgc (QTDH).
1. Tff chu dai hoc va xu the' pbat trien tren thd'gidi
1.1. Ttfchudaihgc
Trdn the' gidi, khai nidm Iff chii dai hgc (TCDH) phat sinh cung vdi sff ra ddi ciia giao due dai hpc GDDH, phan iinh md'i quan hd giffa Nha nffdc vdi cac cd sd GDDH theo xu hffdng giam dan sff kiem soat trffc tid'p ciia Nha nffdc dd'i vdi cd sd GDDH. Thffc tidn cho tha'y cd nhilu each hid'u khac nhau ve khai nidm TCDH luy thudc vao trinh do phat trid'n va nhan thffc ciia mdi qud'c gia ve vai trd cua giiio due ndi chung va GDDH ndi ridng.
Theo Berdahl, Graham va Piper (1971), "TCDH la quyen lffc ciia nha trffdng dffdc iff dieu khien viec van hanh ciia minh ma khdng bi kiem soat tif ben ngoai". Anderson and Johnson (1998),
"TCDH la sff Iff do cua mgt cd sd GDDH trong vide dilu hanh cac cdng vide ciia nd ma khdng cd sff chi dao hoac tac ddng iff ba't cff ca'p chinh quyin nao" Hiep hdi Qud'c te' cac trudng dai hoc (lAU) trong luyen bove iff do hoc thuat, TCDH va trach nhidm xa hgi (1998), cho rang: "TCDH dffdc bieu la mffc dd ddc lap can thid't dd'i vdi sff can thiep bdn ngoai ma trffdng dai hpc can cd irong to chffc va quan tn ndi bd, trong phan bo ndi bd cac
QUAN IR!-QUAN IV
ngudn lffc tai chinh va huy ddng thu nhap tff cac ngudn ngoai ngan sach, trong tuyen dung giang vidn, trong quy dinh cac dieu kidn hpc tap va cud'i ciing trong viec tff do giang day va nghien cffu".
Theo GS. Pham Phu (2006), "TCDH phan anh md'i quan he giffa trffdng dai hpc va Chinh phu, mffc dp can thiep cua Chinh phu vao nhffng va'n de khac nhau ciia trffdng dai hpc".
Nhff vay, TCDH the hien kha nang chii ddng ciia cac cd s6 GDDH trong viec xay dffng va thffc hien chid'n Iffdc cua minh ma khdng bi trdi budc bdi nhffng quy dinh va quan ly hanh chinh ciia Nha nffdc nhhm dal hieu qua cao hdn trong hoat ddngva bao gdm cac thanh to'sau:
- Tu chu hgc thudt: La gia tri cd't Idi cua TCDH, cac cd sd GDDH Iff quyd't dinh cac boat dgng hgc thuat va phffdng phap giang day, kie'm tra danh gia kd't qua hgc tap ciia ngffdi hpc, ndi dung chffdng trinh va giao trinh; cac chuan mffc hoc thuat, lieu chuan van bang, kiem dinh cha't Iffdng va nghien cffu khoa hpc, chuye'n giao cdng nghd.
- Tu chu tdi chinh: Cd sd GDDH tff quyel djnh va chii ddng khai thdc, tim kid'm, sff dung cac ngudn tai chinh, tai san hien cd; can dd'i thu chi tai chinh, minh bach he ihdng tai chinh.
- Tu cha td chtfc vd qudn ty: Cd sd GDDH tff quyd't dinh va chu dgng xay dffng, phat trien bd may, nhan sff; tuye'n dung, bd nhidm va che' do chinh sach dd'i vdi ngffdi lao ddng.
1.2. Xu the ttf chd dai hoc tren the'gidi TCDH la xu hffdng phat trid'n ta't ye'u dd'i vdi cac cd sd GDDH tren thd' gidi, cac nghien cffu TCDH trdn thd' gidi Ihffdng tap trung vao md'i quan he giffa Nha nffdc va cac cd sd GDDH cho tha'y mffc do iff chu - the' hidn d mffc dd kid'm soat cua Nha nffdc dd'i vdi cac cd sd GDDH. Bao cao tdng quan xu thd' QTDH tren the' gidi cua World Bank 2008 da khai quat 4 md hinh QTDH vdi cac mffc dd tff chii khac nhau, tff md hinh Nha nffdc kid'm soat hoan loan (state control) nhff d Malaysia, de'n cac md hlnh ban tff chii (semi-autonomous) nhff d Phiip va New Zealand, md hinh ban ddc lap (semi-mdependent) d Singapore va md hinh dgc lap (independent) d My, Anb, Uc.
Ddi vdi md hinh Nha nffdc kiem soat ihl cac cd
sd GDDH van dffdc hffdng mffc dd Iff chii nhat dinh vl nhffng ly do tai chinh va thffc tidn, Nha nffdc khdng the' kie'm soat dffdc ta't ca cac hoat ddng ciia cd sd GDDH. Ngffdc lai, md hinh dgc lap van cd nhffng mac dinh vl quyin quan ly ciia Nha nffdc thdng qua cac cdng cu gian tie'p nhff quy hoach mang Iffdi cac trffdng dai hgc, ban hanh chinh sach, chie'n Iffdc yeu cau cac cd sd GDDH cd trach nhidm minh bach thdng tm va tbffc hidn trach nhidm giai trinb theo quy dinh.
Thffc tidn cho tha'y, TCDH giiip cho cac cd sd GDDH van hanh td't hdn, hoat ddng hieu qua hdn ne'u hg dffdc nSm van menh cua chinh minh, ddng thdi cung lain lang tinh canh tranh giffa cac cd sd GDDH, tao dilu kien de' da dang hoa cac boat dpng GDDH. VI vSy, xu hffdng chung tren the'gidi la chuyen dich tff md hlnh Nha nffdc kie'm soat sang cac md hlnh cd mffc dd tff chu cao hdn, Iff md hinh Nha nffdc kie'm soal (state control) sang md hinh Nha nffdc giam sal (state supervison).
2. Kinh nghidm cua mdt so'quo'c gia trdn thd' gidi ve tff chu dai hpc
Nhat Ban la qud'c gia cd qua trinh cai each va thffc thi TCDH sdm va hieu qua nha't d chau A, trong khi Hoa Ky la qud'c gia cd nen giao due md va tidn tid'n nha'l trdn thd' gidi. Kinb nghidm cua Nhat Ban, Hoa Ky dffdi day se cho chung ta them bai hpc trong qua irinh thffc hidn iff chii dai hpc d VielNam.
2. /. Kinh nghiem cua Nhdt Bdn
Lich sff GDDH hidn dai cua Nhat Ban dffdc hinh thanh iff cud'i the' ky 19 theo md hlnh dai hpc ciia Dffc vdi he ihd'ng quan Iy hanh chinh tap trung. Tuy nhidn, sau chie'n tranh the'gidi thff 2, he thd'ng GDDH cua Nhat Ban Ihay ddi theo md hinh dai hgc ciia Hoa Ky. Dac bidt, tff thang 4/2004 vdi vide thffc thi Chinh sach lidn ke't (Corporatization Policy) va Luat lien kd'l cac trffdng dai hpc cdng lap (National University Corporation Act) thi tat ca cac dai hpc qud'c gia (dai hpc do Chinh phu Nhat Ban thanh lap) dffdc tai td chffc de dilu hanh, quan ly bdi cac Tap doan dai hpc Qud'c gia (National University Corporation) nham muc dich tang cffdng tff chu va tff chiu trach nhiem cho cac dai hoc qudc gia, ap dung md hlnh quan tri doanh nghidp irong QTDH.
So 13-Thang 7/2019 87
TAP CHi CONG THIfdNG
Thffc hien TCDH dNhat Ban, cac dai hoc qud'c gia dffdc toan quyin phan phd'i va sff dung cac ngudn thu tff cac boat ddng ciia nha trffdng va tff quyd't dinh mffc hpc phi. Tuy nhidn, Chinh phu Nhat Ban vSn cap kinh phi chi Ihffdng xuydn cho cac dai hpc, nhffng hang nam cat giam 1%. Vide phan bd ngan sacb nha nffdc dffdc ap dung theo phffdng thffc iron gdi dffa tren ke't qua danh gia ciia Uy ban danh gia Tap doan dai hoc Qud'c gia (trffc thudc MEXT).
Ve quan ly ndi bd, cac Tap doan dai hgc Qudc gia thanh lap cac Hdi ddng: Hdi ddng quan trj cd quyin lffc cao nha't do Chu tich quan trj dffng dau;
Hdi ddng quan ly/dieu hanh cd trach nhiem quye't dinb cac va'n d l vl hanh chinh, dieu hanh boat ddng ciia dai hpc; Hgi ddng giao due va nghidn cffu thffc hidn nhffng nhiem vu lien quan de'n dao tao va nghidn cffu. Trong dd, chii tjcb hpi ddng quan tri la ngffdi cd quyin lffc cao nha't do mdt liy ban bau chpn, bao gdm ca cac chuyen gia ngoai dai hgc tham gia. Ngoai ra, Nhat Ban bai bd che' do cdng chffc nha nffdc dd'i vdi gidng vidn, nham cho phep cac dai hpc qud'c gia ap dung chd' dp tuye'n dung, bd nhidm, thuyen chuyd'n giang vien va xay dffng hd thd'ng thang bang Iffdng hnh boat.
Quan Iy cba't Iffdng dao tao dai hpc la mgt trong nhffng ydu cau quan trpng trong quan tn dai hpc hien dai d Nhal ban. Uy ban danh gia Tap doan dai bpc Qud'c gia se danh gia kd't qua boat ddng cua mdi tap doan dffa vao ke't qua ciia mdi nam hpc va vide hoan thanh cac kd' hoach trung ban do Tap doan dai hpc Qud'c gia de ra. Uy ban thffc hien boat ddng danh gia thdng qua boat ddng Iff danh gia va tff giam sat ciia mdi dai hoe.
Nhff vay, sau hdn nffa thd' ky tai ca'u triic he thd'ng GDDH va dac biel Iff thang 4/2004 vdi viec tai id chffc cac dai hpc qud'c gia de dieu hanh, quan Iy bdi cac T§p doan dai hpc Qudc gia, Nhat Ban da xay dffng hd thd'ng GDDH chat Iffdng hang dauthe'gidi.
2.2. Kinh nghidm cua Hoa Ky
He Ihd'ng GDDH Hoa Ky chiu nhieu anh hffdng cua giao due chau Au, dac bidt la Anh va Dffc.
Tuy nhidn, GDDH cua Hoa Ky khdng bi rang budc bdi cac khudn phep theo kid'u chau Au cu ma Iffa chpn md hinh TCDH tuyet dd'i. Khac vdi hau
he't eac nffdc trdn ihd' gidi, Hoa Ky khdng cd he thd'ng quan ly giao due qud'c gia (trff cae hgc vidn quan sff va cac trffdng danh cho ngffdi My ban dia), cac cd sd GDDH khdng chiu sff quan ly cua cac cd quan trung ffdng, trach nhiem quan ly chu yd'u thudc cac bang thdng qua dau iff mdt khoan kinh phi va cff dai didn tham gia Hdi ddng quan tri, cdn Bg Giao due Hoa Ky chiu quan ly boat dgng kie'm dinh eha'l Iffdng giiio due mdt each gian lie'p thdng qua viec cdng nhan cac cd quan, hidp hgi kid'm dinb chat Iffdng giao due va cung ca'p hgc bdng, tin dung cho smh vien ciia cac cd sd GDDH dffdc cdng nhan kid'm dmh chat Iffdng.
He thd'ng GDDH cua Hoa Ky dffde xem la tdi nha't thd' gidi, dilu nay cd dffdc khdng chi do ngudn lffc tai ehinh ddi dao ma cdn bdi quyin tff chii ra't cao eiia eac cd sd GDDH tao ra sff hnh boat trong boat ddng giang day va nghidn cffu khoa hpc do khdng bi chi phd'i bdi cac thu tuc hanh chinh nang ne, cac cd quan quan ly Nha nffdc cdng kinh.
Ngudn tai chinh ciia cac cd sd GDDH Hoa Ky chu ye'u tff nghidn cffu, hpc phi va hie'n tang cua cac td ebffc va cffu sinh vidn, trong dd quy hie'n tang la ngudn tai chinh quan trpng de dau tff cd sd vat chat, nghien cffu khoa hgc, cap hpc bdng eho sinh vien. Cac cd sd GDDH chi chiu quan ly, kiem soat ctia chinh quyen bang dd'i vdi phan nhd tai chinh tff ngan sach nha nffdc cap. Vide dffdc chu ddng sff dung, phan phd'i cac ngudn tai chinh ngoai ngan sach nha nffdc, khdng chiu quan ly, kid'm soat tff phia chinh quyen bang dffdc thffc hien ra't hidu qua la do vai trd ra't quan trong cua Hdi ddng quan in trong viec thid't lap cd ehd', chinh saeh tai cbinh dd' bao dam cac ngudn tai chinh dffdc sffdung hieu qua, dung mue dich.
Md hinh TCDH tuyet ddi ciia Hoa Ky gan ke't chat che va bin vffng vdi cdng ddng, quan he mat thie't vdi nen kinh td', bam sat nhu cau ciia thi trffdng lao dpng. Mac dii, quy lual thi trffdng trong GDDH Hoa Ky dffdc coi irpng va khai thac nhffng khdng phd mac cho thi trffdng ma van dung, khai thac cac quy lual cua thi trffdng trong quan ly, dilu hanh.
Nhff vay, kd't qua dat dffdc iff vide lUa chpn md hinh TCDH tuyet ddi da giiip cho Hoa Ky trd
QUAN 1R| - QUAN IV
thanh qudc gia cd nen giao due dai hgc chat Iffdng va danh tie'ng hang dau thd'gidi.
3. Bd'i eanh thifc hien tif chii dai hgc d Vidt Nam
Tff chu trong GDDH d Viel Nam da cd nhieu chuye'n bid'n dch cffc, tff he thd'ng GDDH hoat ddng Iheo menh lenh va chiu sff quan ly chat che cua Nha nffdc, cac cd sd GDDH dffdc md rdng quyen Iff chii thdng qua ban hanh va thffc thi cac chii trffdng, cbinh sach cua Dang, phap lual ciia Nha nffdc, cu the nhff sau:
Tai Dieu 14 ciia Luat Gido due ban hanh ngay 14/06/2005 quy dinh quan ly nha nffdc ve giao due
"... thffc hidn phan cdng, phan cap quan Iy giao due, lang cffdng quyen tff chii, Iff chiu trach nhidm cua cd sd giao due" va Nghi quyd't so' I4/2005/NQ-CP ngay 02/11/2005 eua Chinh phii vl ddi mdi cd ban va loan dien GDDH Viel Nam giai doan 2006-2020 da xac dmh muc tieu "Hoan thien chinh sach phat trid'n GDDH tbeo hffdng bao dam quyen Iff chu va trach nhidm xa hdi ciia cd sd GDDH, sff quan Iy ciia Nha nffdc vh vai trd giam sal, danh gia cua xa hgi dd'i vdi GDDH".
Tid'p theo do, Dieu 32 ciia Lual Giao due dai hoc ban hanh ngay 18/06/2012 quy dinh ve quyen tff chii cua ed sd GDDH "Cd sd GDDH tff chii trong cac boat ddng chii ye'u Ihugc cac Hnh vffc lo chffc va nhan sff, tai chinh va tai san, dao tao, khoa hgc va cdng nghe, hdp t^c qud'e le', bao dam chat Iffdng GDDH. Cd sd GDDH thffc hidn quyen tff chii d mffc dp cao hdn phii hdp vdi nang lffc, kd't qua xd'p hang va ke'l qua kiem dinh chat Iffdng giao due". Nghi quyd't sd 29-NQ/TW ngay 04/11/2013 ciia BCH Trung ffdng Dang khda XI ve ddi mdi can ban va loan dien giao due va dao tao, dap ffng yeu cau cdng nghidp hda, hidn dai hda da't nffdc trong dieu kidn kmh te" thi trffdng dinh hffdng XHCN va hdi nhap qud'c td' cung vdi Nghi quyel sd 77/NQ-CP ban hanh ngay 24/10/2014 cua Chinh phu vl thi die'm doi mdi ed che' boat ddng dd'i vdi cac cd sd GDDH cdng lip giai doan 2014-2017 va Nghi dinh sd I6/20I5/ND-CP ngay 14/02/2015 cua Chinh phu quy dinh cd che Iff chu cua ddn vi sff nghidp cong.
Dac bidt, Lual sffa ddi, bd sung mdt sd' dieu ciia Luat Giao due dai hgc ban hanh ngay 03/12/2018
se tao cd sd phap ly quan trong thiic da'y thffc hien TCDH d Viet Nam trong thdi gian ldi.
Thffc tidn cho tha'y, thffc hidn TCDH d Vidt Nam bffdc dau dat dffdc mdt so' ke'l qua lich cffc, cac cd sd GDDH ngay cang chu ddng, linh hoat trong to chffc tbffc hien cdc hoat ddng hieu qua hdn, cd che' thffc hien Ihi diem Iff chii bffdc dau dffdc danh gia tich cffc. Ben canh nhffng ke'l qua dal dffdc, TCDH d nffdc la hidn nay van cdn mdt sd' ban che', ba't cSp nhff quyin Iff chii chffa thffc sff trd thdnh ddng lffc giup cac cd sd GDDH phat buy kha nang chii dgng, sang lao, ndng cao hidu qua boat ddng, tang cffdng canh tranh va da dang hda GDDH; cdn thie'u ddng bd, Ihd'ng nhd't vd khd thi trong he Ihd'ng cac van ban phdp quy, cd chd', chinh sach ve tbffc hien TCDH; vide giao quyin tff chii mdi chi thffc hien trong pham vi thi diim, chffa trd thanh ydu cau cap thie't dd'i vdi cdc cd sdGDDH.
4. Mot so'bai hpc kinb nghidm cho Viet Nam Qua nghidn cffu, phan lieh kinh nghidm ciia Hoa Ky, Nhat Bdn vl TCDH va bdi cdnh d Viel Nam hien nay, bdi vid't dl xua't mgt sd' bdi hoc kinh nghiem cd thd' van dung vao Viet Nam, nhff sau:
Thd nhdi, thffc lidn iff Hoa Ky, Nhat Bdn va nhilu qud'c gia khac iren the'gidi cho tha'y, TCDH phai gan Hen vdi sff ihay doi vl dia vi phdp Iy eua cd sd GDDH, tdch bach quan Iy nhd nffdc vdi quyin quan tn cua cd sd GDDH; vai trd quan ly nhd nffdc ehi thffc hien gian tid'p thdng qua cdc van dl Idn nhff xay dffng chid'n Iffdc, quy hoach, ke' hoach phat trie'n GDDH nham thffc hien hidu qua hdn Iff chu dai hpc.
Thtf hai. de thffc hien TCDH hidu qua Ihl phai xay dffng hdi ddng quan iri thffc chat, dung nghia va trao day du quyen Iffc cho hdi ddng qudn tri la dieu can Ihie'l. Kinh nghiem ciia Hoa Ky va Nhat Ban dd chffng minh tinb chd't hieu qua eua Hgi ddng quan tn, la do da tdch bach quan tri ra khdi qudn ly; Hdi ddng quan tn la cd quan quydn Iffe id'i cao, cd cd ca'u, thanh phan phil hdp la rat quan trgng. Do vay, vide thanh Idp va trao day du quyen Iffc cho hot ddng quan Iri/hdi ddng Irffdng Id dieu cin thid't d Viet Nam trong qud trinh thffc hien TCDH.
TAPCUiCONtlHIIdNG
Thiiba. md rdng quyin iff ehii dd'i vdi cdc cdsd GDDH phai di ddi vdi vide tang trach nhidm giai trinh Ihdng qua cdcbe giam satciia Chinh phii, xa hpi va trffc lie'p la Hdi ddng quan tri bang cac lieu chi cu thd' va minh bach; phat trie'n hieu qua he thd'ng kiem dinh eha'l Iffdng giao due theo qud'c Id' de bao dam ldi ich ciia ngffdi hgc, xa hdi.
Thtfiu. thu hut ngudn lai chinh ngodi ngdn sach nha nffdc de phdt trid'n GDDH la giai phap dffdc sff dung thanh cdng d nhilu qud'c gia trdn the' gidi, gdp phan giam ganh nang cho ngan sach nhd nffdc vd gidi quye't bdi lodn iai chinh de' ndng cao chat Iffdng GDDH, dien hlnh la Hoa Ky va Nhat Ban.
Bdn canh do, can tach bach ngan sach nha nffdc cd'p va lai ehinh tff cac boat ddng ciia cd sd GDDH de quy dinh vl pham vi sff dung va each thffc qudn ly; cae ed sd GDDH chi chiu quan ly, kie'm soat tai ehinh tff ngdn sach nha nffde ea'p; eac cd sd GDDH cd trach nhiem thie't lap ed ehe', chinh sach tai chinh de bao dam cdc ngudn tai chinh dffdc sff dung hieu qua, diing muc dieh.
Thtf ndm. eae ed sd GDDH khdng cdn trffc thudc Bd chuyen nganh quan ly, bdi bd chd'dp cdng ehffc ddi vdi giang vidn, ddi mdi md hlnh quan tri theo md hmh lap doan hay doanh nghiep va dd eao bach nhiem ciia ngffdi dffng dau ed sd GDDH.
5. Kd't luan
Hien nay, TCDH dffdc cho la giai phap chii dao de phat trien GDDH Viet Nam. Song dd'n nay, qua trinh thffc bien TCDH tid'n trien cham va cdn nhilu bat cap. Bai hgc kinh nghidm tff cdc qud'c gia tren thd' gidi ed chi so tff chu eao eho tha'y rang cdng it sff kie'm soal eua Nha nffdc dd'i vdi cac cd sd GDDH, cang cd nhieu cd hdi phat huy nang lffc sang tao. ddng thdi lam tang tinh canh tranh giffa cdc cd sd GDDH, lao dieu kidn de' da dang hda cac hoat ddng giao due. Ve vd'n dl nay, bai hgc iff Hoa Ky hay Nhat Ban cho tha'y, quan ly nhd nffdc ndn chuye'n Iff kiem sodt trffc tie'p sang kien tao, gidm sdt; cd sd GDDH nen la mdt phdp nhan dgc lap vd cbi chiu quan Iy vl mat dinh hffdng giao due Iff Nhd nffdc •
TAI LIEU THAM KHAO:
/. Fielden. J. (2008). Global Trends in University Governance. Educalion Working Paper Series, number 9.
Washington. D. c. World Bank.
2. Hodng Tin Xudn Hoa (2012). "Tu chii dai hoc - Xu thi phdt inin", Tap chi Dgi hoc Qudc gia Hd Noi. .so 253 (03/2012)
J. Kiyoshy YAMAMOTO. Corporatization of National Universities in Japan: An analysis the impact on governance and finance.
4 Ldm Quang Thiep, D.Bruce Johnslone. Phillip G Albach (2006), Gido due dgi hoc Hoa Ky. NXB Gido due. Do Thi Dieu Nggc dich.
5. Pham Thi Ly (2008), Xdy di/ng mot he thdng qudn tri dgi hgc hieu qua: Kinh nghiem cua Hoa Ky vd khd ndng vdn dung lai Viet Nam (Ddng Irong sdch "Doi mdi gido due dai hoc Viet Nam - Hai thdi khdc dau theky ". trang 211-241. NXB Vdn hoa Saigon, 2009}
6. Vien Nghien cdu lap phdp (Uy ban Thudng vu Qudc hoi). Thong lin chuyen di "Tu chu dgi hoc: Kinh nghiem qudc leva bdi hgc cho VielNam". Tai lieu phuc vu Ky hop thtf ndm. Qudc hgi khoa XIV. thdng 05/2018
Ngay nhSn bai: 10/6/2019
Ngay phan bidn danh gia va su'a chffa: 20/6/2019 Ngay cha'p nhan dang bai: 30/6/2019
qUANTRI-QOANLY
Thdng tin tdc gid:
ThS. NGUYEN DONG ANH XUAN Trtfcfng Dai hoc Cong nghidp Ha Ndi
UNIVERSITY AUTONOMY:
INTERNATIONAL EXPERIENCE, DOMESTIC SITUATIONS AND LESSONS FOR VIETNAM
• Master. NGUYEN DONG ANH XUAN Hanoi University of Industry ABSTRACT:
Universily autonomy is a necessary condition to implement advanced universily managemenl methods to improve the quality of educalion & training. The universily autonomy pohcy m Vietnam was introduced nearly 30 years ago since the establishment of two national universities in the mid-1990s. However, this policy is still in the pilot period and has many shortcomings. In advanced countries like die United Slates and Japan, the university autonomy has been implemented decades ago and these countries have open and high quality education systems in the world. Cunently, the university autonomy is considered as the key solution to improve the quality of Vietnam's higher edualion system and help the country's higher eduation system integrate into the world. Hence, it is necessary for Vietnam to gain international experience of this issue. The paper is to research and generalize the content of university autonomy, summarize the experience of university autonomy from some countries, thereby drawing lessons for Vietnam.
Keywords: Higher education, university autonomy, university managemenl.
