ij gja ly vi Tii nguySn Mdi trirdng Thiia Thien Hui _ ^ Hoi Oja ly Viet Nam
fjghien CLFU, xac lap khong gian phat trien b§n vCrng nong, lam nghiep huyen Song Ma, tinh So'n La tren ca so* danh gia canh quan
Pham Anh Tuin' 1. M6DAU
Sdng Mi la huy?n mien mii ed tiem nang dat dai, khi hau, tii nguyen phong phu, cd nhieu dieu kien phat trien loan di?n cic nganh kinh te dgc biet la ndng, lim nghiep. Tuy nhien, viec quan tam diu tir di khai thic cic ngudn lyc cua huyen phuc vu myc tieu phat trien kinh te hien nay cdn chua tuong xiing. Cdng tic khai thic, sd dung cd hieu qui cic ngudn luc dd cdn thieu tinh lau dii vi ddng bd tren toan khu vyc, thieu nhirng co so khoa hpc. Vi viy, dinh gii cinh quan phuc vy muc dich phit trien bin vifng ndng, lim nghiep la rat can thiet. Tren co sd do chiing ta cd dugc biic tranh tdng the vi chi tiit ve cic muc dd thuin lgi hay khdng thuin lgi cita tirng logi cinh quan cho muc dich phit trien timg nganh: ndng nghiep hay lam nghiep. Day se la ca sd khoa hpc quan trpng cho dja phuang lip quy hoach su dyng dat vi quy hogch phit trien tdng the kinh te - xa hdi trong nhiing nam tiep theo, ddng then trong cdng tac dao tao sinh vien chuyen nganh su phgm Dia ly tgi trudng Dai hoc Tiy Bac kit qui va phuang phip nghien ciiu ciia de tii se giiip sinh vien cd the danh gii thich nghi sinh thai ciia cic cay, con khac tr6n nhii'ng lanh thd khic.
2. NQI DUNG
- Xay dung h£ thdng phan logi canh quan huyen Sdng Ma tinh Son La
• Thanh lap bin dd canh quan huy?n Sdng Ma tinh Son La
- Thanh lap bin dd danh gia canh quan huyen Sdng Ma phyc vu muc dich phat trien ndng nghi?p -Thanh lap bin dd dinh gia cinh quan huyen Sdng Ma phue vu muc dich phat trien lam nghiep -Thanh lap bin dd kien nghj khdng gian san xuat ndng, lam nghiep huyen Sdng Ma.
3. KET QUA
S.l.Xay dung h^ thong phSn loai canh quan va ban do canh quan huyen Song Ma Khi xem xet nhiing h? thdng phan loai cinh quan ma cac tac gia trong va ngoai nudc dua ra chiing tdi thiy: cd su khic bi|t ciia cac he thong phan loai, cac cip bie, eie chi tieu phin cip. Vi the, khong phii bat ciir lue nao ten gpi mpt canh quan d cic he thdng phan loai khac nhau ciing cd the ddng nhat vdi nhau. Sau khi tham khao, kl thira cac each phan loai neu tren, ddng thdi can cir vao dgc diem ISnh tho nghien ciiru, myc dich nghien ciru. Chiing tdi da dua ra dugc he thdng phin loai canh quan huyen Sdng Ma nhu sau:
Dya vao h? thdng phin logi canh quan neu tren chiing tdi da tiln hinh thinh lap bin dd canh quan va bang chu giii bin dd canh quan huy?n Sdng Ma vdi 86 logi eanh quan.
Trwang Dai hoc Tdy Bdc
DIA LV TU'NHlfiN, TAI NGUYEN THIEN NHIEN VA MOI TRUQNG
Hoi Dia 1} \ a Tai nguyen Moi truong Thiia Thien H u i Hoi Dja ly_yiet ff^^
Bang L Hi ihdng phdn loai cdnh quan huyin Sdng Md STT
1
2
3
4 Cap phan vi
Ldp canh quan Phu Idp
canh quan Kl6Li canh quan Loai canh quan
Dau hicu phan chia
Dac Uung hinh thai phat sinh dai dia hinh cita lanh thd nhu nut va dong bang, quyel dinh qua trinh thanh tao va thinh phin vat chat mang linh chat phi dia ddi Su phan tang theo do cao ciia nin, ddi. The hien inh hudng ciia quy luat dat cao qua can bang vat chal gtCra cac dac trung hinh Ihai dia hinh, dac diem khi hau va dac trung quan the
NhiJng dac diem smh khi hau chung quyet djnh su thanh tao cac kilu iham ihuc vat, tinh chat thich img ciia dac dilm phat sinh quan ihe ihirc vat theo bien done can bSng nhiet am.
D3c Irung bdi mdi quan he tu'ong hd giua cac quan xa thuc vat va loai dat
Ten ggi - Ldp canh quan nin - Ldp canh quan dong bang - Phti ldp canh quan niii iluip - Phu Idp canh quan dangdfii - Phu ldp canh quan ddni' bSng - Kicu canh quan rirng ram nhiei ddi thudng xanh mua miia
VD' Loai cinh quan rtniL'. nguj^en sinh Iren dal Feralil mun phatlri^n tren da set ihudc khu vuc tiiil ihap 3.2.Xac lap khdng gian phit trien ben viing ndng, Iam nghiep huyen Sdng Ma tinh >(in La
tren CO so danh gia canh quan 3,2.1. Doi vdi san xuat nong nghiep
Tir cic ket qui phan tich die tinh sinh Ihii ciia cic ioai canh quan vi kel qui phan cip chi tieu danh gia Jdi vdi hoat dong ndng nghiep, ddng thdi Iham khao cac y kien cac chuyen gia -'i kinh nghiem trong viec phan cap mirc dp thich nghi ciia liing dang canh quan ddi vdi cic loai hinh sir dyng, chitng tdi da xiy dung dugc bang chuan dinh gii rieng ciia canh quan cho hoat ddng sin xuiii nong nghiep nhu sau:
Bdng 2. Bdng chudn ddnh gid ning cdc cdnh quan ddi vdi ."idn xudt ndng nghiep
STT
1 2 1 4
'
• '
Loai chi tieu
Loai dat Dd ddc Dia hinh Luonii mua Nhicl do Hien trang (ham thyc vai Thuy van {kha nang cdp thdal nudc)
Bac trong so
3 2 2 1 1 1
1
Ratlhuanlai (3 diim) Nhdm dat phii sa, dat ddc tu
3"
Ddng bang
> 2 000 mm T T O „ I „ - 2 0 - 2 5 " C Liia, hoa man, cay CN ngan ngay, dai ngay, cay an qua.
Cd sdng, sudt, kenh rach chay qua
Mii'c dO t h u i n lgi Thuin !pi trung binh (2 diem) Nhom dat feralil cd lang diy ldn
3 " - 8 "
Ddi
1.500-2.000 mm T-ranJra^ 13-20'*C Nuong ray
Gan sdng, sudi, kenh rach va he thdng thuy Ipi
it ihuan loi (/ diem) Nhdm dal feralil rt ting day moiii; ,
i'-iS^^'^
Nili thip
< 1,500 mm TTl),«,r<l3"CvaiTB , ^ > 2 5 ' ' C , Trang cdci'iy byi va Uang CO cay byi c6 cay go rai li^
Xa sdng, suoi, ke"'' rach Viec dinh gia dugc ihuc hicn theo phuong phap chim diem dua vio kha nang thich nghi • cac dang cinh quan ddi vdi boat dpng sin xuat ndng nghiep. Thang diem dugc chia thinh 4 cap
Hot nghi Khoa hoc Dia ly Todn qudc Idn thir 6, Thdnh pho Hui, 9/201
[,gjpia ]> \a Tai nguyfn Moi IruongThira Thicn Hu' Hoi Oja ly Viyl Nam Rai thich nghi (SI): 3 diem
Kha ihich nghi (S2): 2 diem Thich nghi trung binh (S3) 1 diem Khdng thich nghi (S4) 0 dicm
Cinh quan khdng thich nghi cho sin xuat ndng nghiep li nhirng cinh quan hicn dang cd ldp phii ' thyc vat li rimg, nhirng cinh quan a d d ddc tren 150. Dd ii canh quan: 1, 2, 4. 5. 6, 7. 8. 9 10 11 12 13,14,17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23. 27, 34, 37, 41, 44, 48. 52, 60, 67, Cic loai canh quan nay khdng dua vao danh gii va dupe xep vio muc khdng thich nghi (S4),
_ Do da loai bd nhirng logi canh quan cd di§m danh gia bing 0 (khdng thich nghi) nen didm danh gia tdng hgp miic dp thuin lgi ciia tirng dang cinh quan ddi vdi ndng nghiep dugc linh theo cdng thirc irung binh cdng (I)-
D" ^-foiKi i\)
n I Trong dd; DA: dicm danh gia chung cho loai canh quan A Ui: diem dinh gii cho chi lieu thu i
Ki: trpng sd ciia chi tieu thii i n: sdchi tieu danh gia i- i: chi lieu danh gii, i = 1,2,...,ji
Bdng 3 Kit qud ddnh gid long hgp cdc chi lieu cho phdt triin ndng nghiip si
CQ 24 25 26 28 29 30 31 32 33 35 __36 38 39 40
-^
_ _ 4 3 _ . 1 5 - ' ' 6Chi ticu danh gia Loai dat
Tr9^ng so
3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3
Di£in DC
2 2 2 2 2 2 3 I 1 1 1 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Do doc Trgng
so 2 2 2 2 2 1 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
DiSm DG
1 3 2 2 2 1 3 1 3 1 2 I 2 1 2 2 2 2
Dia hinh Trgng
so 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 1 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Diem OG 2 2 2 2 2 3 3 2 2 2 2 2 2 1 2 2 2 2
Lugng mua
2 1 2 2 1 2 T 3 3 1 1 3 1 I 2 2 2 2
Nhicl do
3 2 3 3 2 3 3 2 2 2 2 2 I 1 3 3 3 3
Hicn trang tham thuc vat 1 1 1 2 3 3 3 1 1 2 3 1 1 1 2 3 1 1
Thuy van
2 1 1 3 3 3 3
2 2 2 1
Dicm danh gia
2,9 3,0 3,0 3,4 3,3 3,6 4,6 2,3 2,9 2,1 2,6 2,7 2,6 2,0 3,3 3,4 3,1 3,0 B|A LY Tl/NHIEN, TAI NGUYEN THIEN NHIEN VA MOI TRLTONG
Hoi Dia ly va Ta i nguven Moi Iruong Thiia Thicn Hue Hgi Dia ly V ilNan
~~
47 49 50 51 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 61 62 63 64 65 66 68 69 70 71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 8!
82 83 84 85 86
3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3
":
3 3 3 3 3
2 2 1 3 2 2 2 2 2 2 3 2 2 2 2 2 2 3 3 J 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3
2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
1 3 3 3 2 1 I 3 3 3 3 2 2 1 2 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3
:
3 3 3 3 3 3 3 32 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
2 3 3 3 3 2 I 2 3 3 3 2 2 2 2 3 3 3 3 3 , 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3
1 2 2 3 2 3 3 I 2 2 3 I 2 3 2 3 3 3 2 2 2 3 3 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
1 3 3 3 3 2 2 3 3 3 3 1 2 I 3 1 3 2 2 2 2 2 2 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3
1 3 3 3 I 1 1 2 3 3 3 1 2 I 2 3 3 1 I I 2 3 3 1 3 3 3 I 1 3 1 I 2 3 3
1 3 3 3 2 1 1 I 3 3 3 I 2 I 2 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3
—Si —iu
_J|7 '
3,r
2,7
~2T"
-JiZ
4,1—iL —il-
2,6 3,1: 2,6 3,3 4,0
Ji_
4,3 4,1 4,1 4,3 4,6 4,6 4,3 4,6 4,6 4,6 4J 3 1 4,3 3 4,6 3 ! 4,6 3 3 3 3 34,3 4,3 4,4 4,6 4,6 + Phan hang muc dp thich nghi cic cinh quan cho phit trien ndng nghiep
Khoang cich diem giiia cac mirc dp thich nghi dupe tinh theo cdng thuc (II):
Z) m a x - D m i n
£)- M (II)
Trong dd: Dma^: diem danh gii tdng hgp cao nhit Dmm: diem dinh gii tdng hop thap nhat M: sd cip dinh gia
De phan hang mtic dp thich nghi cua cic loai canh quan ddi vdi boat ddng sin xuil n6ng_
nghiep, chung toi da lua chgn chia thinh 3 cip dinh gii, Sd dilm cao nhit dat 4,7 didm {cdnh quan so 51 vd 59), so dietn thip nhat li 2,0 {cdnh quan sd 40). Khoang didm giira cac hgng la 0,9 vdi cic miic sau:
H61 nghi Khoa hoc Dia ly Todn qudc Idn ihic 6, Thdnh pho Hui '> 20H
pja ly va Tii nguyen Moi truong Thira Thien Hue Hoi Dja ly Viyl Nam f Bac N| - Rat thich nghi cd khoang diem tir: 4,7 - 4,0
Bgc N2 - Kha thich nghi cd khoang diem tir: 3,9 - 3,0 Bac N3 - Thich nghi trung binh cd khoang diem tir: 2,9 - 2,0
Bgc N4 - Khdng thich nghi (dd dugc logi trir trudc khi tiin hanh cho diim cdc chi tiiu) + Canh quan thich nghi nhit cho phit triin ndng nghiep li logi cinh quan: 31, 49, 50, 51, 57, '58,59, 65, 66, 68, 69, 70, 71, 72, 73, 74, 75, 76, 77, 78, 79, 80, 81, 82, 83, 84, 85, 86. Vdi tdng dien
Hch 10.540 ha.
+ Canh quan khi thich nghi cho phit tridn ndng nghiep li loai cinh quan: 25, 26, 28, 29, 30,42, 43,45, 46, 53, 56, 62, 64. Vdi tong dien tich 57.777 ha.
+ Cinh quan thich nghi trung binh cho phit trien ndng nghiep li loai cinh quan: 24, 32, 33, 35, 36,38,39,40, 47, 54, 55, 61, 63. Vdi tdng dien lich 30.274 ha.
+ Canh quan khdng thich nghi cho phit trien ndng nghiep Ii loai canh quan: 1,2,3,4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9,10,11,12, 13,14,15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 37, 67. Vdi tdng dien tich 64.112 ha,
\3Jf2. Doi vdi san xuat lam nghiep
f Tir cic ket qui phan tich dac diem cua cic Ioai canh quan vi kit qui phan cap chi tieu danh gia r=ehohojt ddng sin xuat lim nghiep, ddng thdi tham khio y kidn cac chuyen gia cd kinh nghiem trong viec phan cap miic dp thich nghi ciia tirng loai cinh quan ddi vdi cac loat hinh sir dung, da xay dyng fftlrgtc bing chuan dinh gii rieng ciia canh quan cho boat ddng sin xuat lam nghiep (Bing 4).
Bdng 4. Tdng hap ddnh gid ning cdc logi cdnh quan dot vdi sdn xudl ldm nghiip stt
1 2 3 4
Loai chi tiSu Hien trang Idp phu DO doc Lugng mua Loai dal
B i c trpng so
3 7
1 1
Muc Aq thuan lgi R^t thich nghi
(3 diSm) Rimg tu nhien, rung trong
15"-25"
2:2.000 mm Dit feralit c6 ting dat diy ldn
Kha thich nghi (2 diem) Rung ihit sinh va trang cay bui xen cay go rai rac
2 5 ^ 3 5 ^ 1.500-2.000 mm Dat feralit cd tang dat diy mdng
Thich nghi trung binh (1 diem) Trang cd cay bui, nuong riy va dat ndng nghiep
> 3 5 "
<1.500mm Dit hoang hoa c^c loai dat phii sa Viee danh gii duge thuc hien theo phuang phip cham diem dua vio khi nang thfch nghi cua cic dang canh quan ddi vdi hoat dpng sin xuit Iim nghiep. Thang diem dugc chia thinh 4 cap;
Ratthichnghi(Sl): 3 di6m Khi thich nghi (S2): 2 Diim I Thich nghi trung binh (S3): 1 Diem
Khdng thich nghi (S4): 0 Di6m
; Nhimg logi cinh quan dugc dinh gii la rat thich nghi cho phit tridn ndng nghi?p se uu tien cho
•phat triin ndng nghiep, khdng dua vao dinh gia cho sin xuat lam nghiep. Dd la nhiing canh quan sd:
.31,49,50,51,57,58,59,65,66,68,69,70,71,72,73,74,75,76,77,78,79,80.81,82,83,84,85, M. Cac Ioai canh quan nay khdng dua vio danh gii vi dupe xep vao muc khdng thich nghi (L4).
Diem danh gia tdng hgp cic Ioai cinh quan cho phat trien Iam nghiep duoc tinh theo cdng thCrc 0)
OIA LY Tl/NHIEN, TAI NGUYEN THIEN NHIEN VA MOI T R U 6 N G
Hgi Dia ly vi Tii nguyen Moi truong Thiia Thicn Hu^ H5i Dja ly \\^^^^
SSliiiu CQ
I 2 3 4 5 6 8 9 10 II 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47
Bang 5. K4t qua dmh gia long flap cat c/r/ /iew cho phdi Irien ldm nghiep Chi lieu danh gia
Hien Irang iop pliit Bac Irong
so 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3
Diim DG 3 3 3 3 3 2 3 3 3 3 2 2 3 3 1 3 3 3 2 3 3 3 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 1 1 2 3 2 2 1 3 1 3 2 1 2 2 2 2
Oo rfoc Sac Irgng
so 1 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 T 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Diim DG 2 2 2 3 2 3 2 2 2 3 3 3 3 2 2 2 3 3 3 3 2 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 2 3 3 3 2 2 3 2 2 1 3 1 2 3 2 2 2
i i r p - r t g /Mirfl
3 3 3 3 2 3 2 3 2 2 3 3 2 2 2 2 2 2 3 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 1 3 I 3 2 3 2 1 3 3 3 1 1
Loai dal 2 2 2 3 3 3 3 3 3 2 2 3 3 2 2 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 J 2 2 2 3 3 3 3 1 3 2 3 2 I 3 2 2 3 3 1 1 I
^ ^
litem
JST"
Il4jr~j
4,50 5,25 4,50 4,50 4,50 4.75 4,50 (.75 4.2S 4,50 5.00 4,25 2.70 1.50
•..llO 5.110 4.50 5.00 4.50 5,00 4,25 4.00 4,00 3,75 4,00 4,25 3,75 3,50 3,50 3,50 4,75 3,25 _ _ 4 , 5 0 _ _ ^ , 7 S _ 3,50 2 , 7 S _
iJ5_
_jm~-
znSJ
4,503 ^ — 3i!!L_
i)*^ HOi nghi Khoa hoc Dia ly Todn quoc ldn thu 6; Thdnh pho Hue. 9/2012
a Tai ngi]>cn Moi truong Thira Thicn Hue Hoi Dia ly ViEt Nam trjg^"
KSHJ few
r^i ' r S ^''a~~
13—
^TT 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 33 3 2 1 1 1 1 3
2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
3 3 3 3 2 2 2 3
2 2 3 2 3 3 3 2
2 2 3 1 1 1 1 2
4,75 4,75 4,50 3,00 2,75 2,75 2,75 4,75 -I- Phin hgng mirc dp thich nghi cic cinh quan cho phii trien lam nghiep
De phan hang mirc do thich nghi cita cic loai cinh quan ddi vdi hoal ddng sin xuil lam nghiep, chfingtdi cung lua chpn chia Ihanh 3 cap danh gii. Sd diem cao nhat dat 5,25 diem {cdnh quan so 4), so diem thap nhat la 2,5 {cdnh quan sd 16. 38, 40). Khoang diem giira cic hang dugc linh iheo cdng thiic (II) ii 0,9 vdi cic mirc sau:
Bac L, - Rat thich nghi. lir 5,2 - 4.5 Bac L2-Kha thich nghi: tir 4,4 -3,6 Bac Lj - Thich nghi trung binh: tii' 3,5 - 2,7
Bac L^ - Khdng thich ngbi {dugc loai hd Irudc khi cdng diim)
, -f- Cinh quan rat thi'ch ngbi cho pliat Irien lam nghiep la loai cinh quan sd: 1, 2, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10,11,12, 13, 14, 17, 18, 19,20,21. 22,23,27,34,37,41,44,48, 52,60,67 Vdi long dicn lich la 63.525 ha
+ Canh quan khi thich nghi cho phit trien lim nghiep la loai canh quan sd; 15, 16, 24, 25, 26, 27,28, 29. 30. Vdi long dicn lich li' 29.21 8 ha
l + Canh quan thich nghi trung binh cho phat trien lam nghiep la loai cinh quan sd; 32, 33, 35, I 36,38, 39, 40, 42, 43, 45, 46, 47, 61, 62, 63. Vdi tdng dien tich li 45.127 ha
+ Cinh quan khdng thich nght cho phal iricn lam nghiep li cae loai cinh quan sd: 31, 49, 50, 51,57,58, 59,65,66,68,69, 70, 71,72,73, 74,75,76, 77,78, 79,80, 8 1, 82, 83, 84,85, 86. Vdi tong dien ti'ch li 24,600 ha.
3.3.Kicn nghi sir dung khong gian lanh thd cho phat trien ben vu'ng ndng, Iam nghiep Trong qui trinh xay dung bin dd kien nghi khdng gian sin xuit ndng, lam nghiep huyen Sdng Ms, chitng tdi da dua vao nhung cin cu sau diy;
+ Cin Cli vio ket qua danh gia muc dp thich nghi ciia cic loai cinh quan ircn dja ban huyen cho tung hogt dpng sin xuit ndng, lam nghiep,
+ Can CUT vio quy hoach su dung dat huyen Sdng Ma giai doan 2010 - 2020.
+ Can cti vao quv hoach tdng the phit tridn kinh te xa hdi huyen Sdng Mi giai doan 2010 - 2020.
* + Can Cli vao hien trang phal Iricn ndng, lam nghiep tren dia bin huyen.
+ Can Cli vio y kien cita lanh dao huyen vi ngudi dan dia phuang,
+ Can Cli vio nhirng hieu bict thuc te cua hpc vien vc dta phuong, chiing tdi manh dan de xuil
•npt so hudng sir dung hap ly khdng gian lanh thd cho 2 loai hinh san xuat niy nhu sau:
E>!A LY TUNHIEN, TAI NGUYEN THIEN NHIEN VA MOI TRU'CJNG
Hpi Dja ly vi Tai nguyen Moi truong Thira ThiEn Hue H$i Dja ly Vigt Na,.
- Cinh quan uu tien cho phat tridn ndng nghi?p la logi cinh quan sd: 31, 49, 50, 51, 57,58 59 65, 66, 68, 69, 70, 71, 72, 73, 74, 75, 76, 77, 78, 79, 80, 81, 82, 83, 84, 85, 86. Vdi tdng di^n'tidj' 10.528 ha.
- Cinh quan phat trien ndng, Iam ket hgp la loai canh quan so: 25,26, 28, 29, 30,42,43,45,45 53, 56, 62, 64, 24, 32, 33, 35, 36, 38, 39, 40, 47, 54, 55, 61, 63. Vdi tdng dien tich 89.061 ha. ' '
-Cinh quan uu tien cho phit trien lam nghiep la logi canh quan sd: 1,2,3,4, 5, 6,7, 8, 9, 10,11,12 13,14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 37,67. Vdi long dien tich 64.411 ha. ' ' KET LUAN
Tir cic ket qua nghien cuu, danh gii cinh quan huyen Sdng Ma, tinh Son La phuc vu muc dich phit tridn bdn viing ndng, lim nghiep chiing tdi cd mot sd ket luin sau day;
1. Huyen Sdng Ma cd dien tich Idn ciia tinh San La, tren dja bin huyen cd tuyin dudng giao thdng quan trpng, dudng tinh Id 4G ndi lidn vdi dudng qudc lp 6, thdng sang Dien Bien Ddng, c6 cih khiu qudc le Chieng Khuong, cd ddng sdng Mi chay qua, cd dipn lieh niii da rat it. Nen noi dayc6 nhiiu diiu kien thuan lgi de phat trien ndng, lim nghiep, giao luu phit trien kinh te, van hda xa hpi.
2. Tren co sd nghien cii'u dac diem dieu kien tu nhien, tii nguyei thien nhien va cac hoat dgng sin xuat (cdc nhdn td thdnh tao canh quan), chimg tdi da dua ra he thdng phan loai cinh quan cho khu vuc nghien ciiu gdm 4 cip phin vj: Idp, phu ldp, kieu, vi ioai; da xiy dung bin dd cinh quan liuyen Sdng Ma ty le 1/50,000, trong dd, da phin chia ra 3 ldp cinh quan, 2 phu Idp canh quan, I kicu canh quan vi 86 logi canh quan. Ddng thdi thdng qua ban dd cinh quan, da phan tich lam ro dgc diem vi cac quy luat phin hda cinh quan tren dia ban huyen.
3. Tir cac kit qua phan tich ciu true, chiic nang va danh gii canh quan tren dja ban huyen, ; chtjng tdi da tien hanh dinh gia mii'c dp thuin loi ciia 54 logi canh quan cho hoat ddng phit trien nong • nghiep. Trong dd: 28 logi canh quan dugc dinh gia la thuan Igi nhit; 14 logi cinh quan dugc dinh gia li thuin Igi trung binh va 12 loai einh quan dugc dinh gia li it thuan lgi, cdn Igi li khdng thuan li?i.
Ddi vdi hogt dpng sin xuat tim nghiep chiing tdi da tien hanh danh gia 58 logi cinh quan. Trong do:
32 logi cinh quan dugc dinh gia la thuan loi nhat; 9 log! cinh quan dugc dinh gii la thuin lgi trung binh va 17 dang canh quan duge dinh gii ia it thuan Igi, cdn Igi la khong thuan lgi. Ddng thdi, chung tdi da thinh lap bin dd danh gii cinh quan cho mue dich phit trien ndng nghiep vi ban do dinh gii canh quan cho muc dich phit trien lam nghi?p tren dja ban huyen; thdng ke chi tiit dien tich cua cac mirc dp thich nghi theo don vj xa.
4. Tir kit qua danh gia mirc dp thuan Igi ciia cac dang canh quan cho phat triin ndng, lam nghiep, chimg tdi de xuat uu tien bd tri nganh san xuat nong, Iam nghiep cu the do la:
Cinh quan uu tien cho phit trien ndng nghiep li loai cinh quan sd: 31, 49, 50, 51, 57, 58,59, 65, 66, 68, 69, 70, 71, 72, 73, 74, 75, 76, 77, 78, 79, 80, 81, 82, 83, 84, 85, 86. Vdi tdng dien tich 10.528 ha.
Canh quan phat triin ndng, lim kit hgp li Ioai einh quan sd: 25, 26, 28, 29, 30, 42,43, 45,46, 53, 56, 62, 64, 24, 32, 33, 35, 36, 38, 39, 40,47, 54, 55, 61, 63. Vdi tdng dien tich 89.061 ha.
Canh quan uu tien cho phat triin Iam nghipp la loai eanh quan sd; 1,2,3,4, 5, 6, 7, 8,9,10,11, '2, 13,14,15,16,17,18,19,37,67. Vdi tdngdien tich 64.411 ha.
Hot nghi Khoa hgc Dja ly Todn qudc ldn thu 6; Thdnh phd Hue, 9/2012
Lajpja Iy va Tai nguyen Moi truo'ng Thua Thien Hue Hoi Dia ly Viet Nam Dong thdi, chiing tdi da thinh lap dupe bin dd dinh hudng sir dung khdng gian linh thd cita
• buy?" '^ho muc dich phat trien ben vung ndng, lam nghiep vi cung thdng ke chi liet dien tich cho iirng ioai hinh sin xuat theo don vi xa.
5. Ket qua nghien cuu cita de tit li co sd khoa hoc quan trpng giiip dia phuong lap quy hogch sir Jung dit va quy hogch tdng the phit trien kinh te xi hdi giat doan 2010 - 2020.
XAI LIEU THAM KHAO
[1], Nguyen Kim Chuong, 2005, Phuang phdp todn trong nghien ciru dia ly, nhi xuit bin Dai hpc Su pham
[2], Phgm Hoing Hai, (2000), ^^Phdn vimg cdnh quan Viil Nam - nguyin tdc vd he thong cdc dan vl. Tuyen tilp cac cdng trinh khoa hgc Hdi nghi Dja ly - Dia chinh ". Hi Ndi, trang 40-46.
[3], Nguyen Cao Huan, (2005), "Ddnh gid cdnh quan theo liip cdn kinh ti stnh thdi", NXB Dgi hpc Qudc gia Hi Ndi.
[4]. Nguyen Thinh Long, "Nghiin cim xdy dung bdn do cdnh quan cdc ly le trin lanh thd Viet Nam "
[5]. Dang Vu Khac, Dd Van Thanh, 2008, Gido trinh Mapmfor, Trung tam Dia ly irng dyng, trudng Dai hpc Su Phgm HaNpi, tai lieu danh miy.
[6]. Uy ban nhan dan huyen Sdng Ma, Quy hoach tdng the phdt tnin kinh le xd hdi giai doan 2000 — 2010.
[1]. Uy ban nhan dan huyen Sdng Mi, Quy hogch long lhi phdt trien kinh li xd hoi giai doan 2010 - 2020.
BlA LY TU'NHIEN, TAI NGUYEN THIEN NHIEN VA MOI TRUCJNG
