TAHUKAH ANDA?
KLUSTER: ALAM SEKITAR DAN KELESTARIAN TAJUK 3: HARI BUMI
yang perlu diketahui ramai bagi mengamalkan gaya hidup mesra alam termasuk mengelakkan pembakaran terbuka, mengurangkan penggunaan kenderaan yang banyak mengeluarkan gas karbon dioksida yang mampu menipiskan lapisan ozon bumi. Oleh itu, langkah-langkah yang terbaik yang boleh dilakukan perlu difikirkan dalam usaha menangani permasalahan alam sekitar agar kesihatan dan kualiti persekitaran kita akan menjadi lebih baik untuk penggunaan generasi kini dan generasi akan datang.
NOTA PEMBELAJARAN Pengenalan
Kandungan
Hari Bumi ini mula disambut sejak 45 tahun lalu bertujuan untuk menyedarkan penduduk planet ini berkenaan betapa pentingnya untuk menjaga dan memulihara dengan lebih serius.Tahun ini, Hari Bumi disambut dengan tema ‗It‘s Our Turn To Lead‘ yang mana memberi cabaran besar berhubung perubahan iklim yang dialami di peringkat global. (sumber dari Alamendah‘s Blog)
Fenomena perubahan iklim ini adalah fenomena sejagat yang mana perlu difahami sedang berlaku dan ianya memerlukan komitmen semua bagi tujuan memulihara keadaan bumi.
Perubahan iklim dunia kan memberikan impak yang besar terhadap kehidupan manusia yang mana punca kepada berlakunya perubahan tersebut bukanlah secara alami sahja malah turut terjejas ekoran perbuatan manusia.Oleh yang demikian, sambutan Hari Bumi 2015 kali ini diharap dapat memupuk kesedaran kepada semua rakyat dalam memastikan bumi kekal selamat untuk didiami oleh manusia.
Susulan itu, semua diseru untuk mengamalkan gaya hidup cara mesra alam dengan mengurangkan pelepasan gas-gas rumah hijau secara signifikan. Banyak cara yang perlu diketahui ramai bagi mengamalkan gaya hidup mesra alam termasuk mengelakkan pembakaran terbuka, mengurangkan penggunaan kenderaan yang banyak mengeluarkan gas karbon dioksida yang mampu menipiskan lapisan ozon bumi.
Justeru itu, kita harus memikirkan langkah-langkah yang terbaik yang boleh dilakukan dalam menangani permasalahan alam sekitar agar kesihatan dan kualiti persekitaran kita akan menjadi lebih baik untuk penggunaan generasi kini dan generasi akan datang.
Islam juga menyuruh umatnya menjaga alam ini dengan baik. Allah melantik manusia sebagai khalifah di bumi dan memerintah manusia agar mentadbir dan menguruskannya sebaik-baiknya dari sebarang kerosakan. Malangnya akibat
Hari Bumi merupakan nama bagi dua sambutan yang berbeza, kedua-duanya diadakan setiap tahun ketika musim bunga di hemisfera utara, dan musim luruh di hemisfera selatan. Hari ini diadakan untuk meningkatkan kesedaran dan penghargaan kepada alam sekitar. Pertubuhan Bangsa-Bangsa Bersatu juga meraikan Hari Bumi, yang dimulakan oleh John McConnell pada 1969, setiap tahun ketika ekuinoks, iaitu pencerapan global yang diasaskan oleh Gaylord Nelson sebagai pengajar alam sekitar, dan sejak Januari 1970, ia juga dikenali sebagai Hari Bumi, yang diraikan di kebanyakan negara setiap tahun pada 22 April. Setiap tahun, Hari Bumi 22 April menandakan ulang tahun kelahiran bagi gerakan alam sekitar moden pada 1970. Pada tahun 1990, peringatan Hari Bumi mulai berkembang secara global. Sekitar 200 juta orang dari 141 negara di dunia tergerak untuk mengangkat isu Bumi dalam skala global. Hingga tahun ini, 2015, Hari Bumi telah dilaksanakan untuk yang ke-45 kalinya.(sumber dari www.durex.co.id)
kerakusan dan ketamakan sebilangan manusia, nama kemajuan dan pembangunan dihebahkan dan dijaja bagi mengaburi erti sebenar tanggungjawab manusia ke atas alam.
Akibatnya, bumi dilanda dengan pelbagai kejadian luar biasa. Fenomena pemanasan global menjadi isu besar ketika dengan musin kemarau yang melampau dan kadar kecairan ais yang mendadak di benua Utara. Selain itu, penurunan hujan yang tidak menentu mengakibat banjir yang teruk di sesetengah kawasan. Di Malaysia, kejadian banjir yang teruk telah berlaku di Pantai Timur baru-baru ini antara bukti ketidakpedulian manusia terhadap alam. Ini dapat dilihat daripada firman Allah Taala dalam surah Al-Rum, ayat 41 yang bermaksud:
“Telah timbul berbagai kerosakan dan bala bencana di darat dan di laut dengan sebab apa yang telah dilakukan oleh tangan manusia; (timbulnya yang demikian) kerana Allah hendak merasakan mereka sebahagian dari balasan perbuatan- perbuatan buruk yang mereka telah lakukan, supaya mereka kembali (insaf dan bertaubat)‖.
LAMPIRAN
How to Celebrate Earth Day
Five Methods:Getting EngagedCaring for Trees, Plants and AnimalsEating Earth- Friendly FoodReducing WasteSaving Energy and Water
The celebration of Earth Day is on April 22nd and it began 1970. It has grown into a global event recognized by over 192 countries. Devoting special a day to helping for the earth is a way to demonstrate how much we care about the future of our planet.
No matter what you like to do best, there's a way to get involved in Earth Day. You could plant a tree, make a meal with locally-grown vegetables, educate a family member, clean up trash in your neighborhood, set up a bird feeder or save power — the possibilities are endless. Remember, you don't have to wait for Earth Day to show your love for the planet we call home.
Method 1 of 5: Getting Engaged
1. Learn more about the environment.
Earth Day is a good time to make a commitment to learning more about the environment and how you can help to protect it. Read articles to get up to date on the current issues affecting the environment, like pollution, water shortages, and climate change. Or, learn about a region you've never considered before, like the Arctic, the deserts, or the rain forests. Not sure where to start? Check out your local news sources for information about environmental issues in your own backyard.
i. Understand how climate change works, and what you can do about it.
ii. If you live in a city, look into urban environmental issues like contaminated drinking water and energy conservation.
iii. If you live near a body of water, do research to find out whether it's healthy or in need of help.
iv. Learn more about fracking, which is affecting many communities in the United States.
v. Find out which species native to your area are under threat of extinction.
2. Join an environmental group.
Think about the issues that concern you the most and if you haven't done so already, join a local group that undertakes activities to help protect the environment in your area. Earth Day is a great day to start getting involved. In almost any community, you'll find local groups that do the following:
i. Host clean-ups of local bodies of water and their shores ii. Fight air and water pollution
iii. Plant trees and install community gardens
iv. Protect habitats under threat of getting developed v. Can't find a group? Consider starting your own.
3. Spread the word.
Everyone has environmental knowledge they can share with others. Just talking about the environment with people who may not think about it that much is a good way to celebrate Earth Day. Talk to your parents, friends, teachers, siblings, and anyone else you'd like about the issues you care about most. Here are a few ways to educate others about the earth:
i. Give a speech at your local library on how to compost with worms
ii. Take a group of children down to the recycling center to show them how things are recycled
iii. Recite nature poems in the park
iv. Offer to teach your office colleagues how to make environmentally-friendly choices at work during lunch hour
v. Encourage people to respond and if they have no opinions or they seem to not know much, help them learn some more by imparting your environmental knowledge in a friendly and helpful manner.
vi. Get a group of friends to wear green and brown. When people ask you why you're dressed like a tree, take the opportunity to talk about Earth Day.
4. Go to an Earth Day fair.
Maybe your school, your street, or your local neighborhood is holding an environmental fair. If your community doesn't have one planned, consider starting one yourself. It's the perfect day to get together for a fun and educational celebration of the earth. Money raised can go towards a local environmental restoration project or to an environmental group agreed upon by all the participants running the fair.
These offerings are common at Earth Day fairs:
i. Demonstrations of environmentally-friendly products ii. Children's earth-themed artwork
iii. Healthy/locally grown foods to eat
iv. Animal care demonstrations (including wildlife rescue) v. Games for the children made of recycled products
vi. Musicians and actors performing environmental music and skits vii. Stalls for recycling unwanted treasures and books
viii. Local environmental organizations presenting their issues and wares.
5. Enjoy Earth Day entertainment.
There are many Earth Day song lyrics available on the Internet. Most follow well- known tunes so people can easily sing along. These make a fantastic classroom activity and help younger children to become interested in environmental topics.
iTunes has many songs about the Earth for downloading: try searching for words such as "planet", "Earth", "endangered", "pollution" etc.
6. Cook a special Earth Day meal.
Invite friends and family over for a meal, and plan a menu that uses locally produced foods, is healthy and has minimal impact on the environment. Favor vegetables, fruit and other produce, as these uses less resources to grow than mass-farmed meat. If you still would like meat, look for locally produced, organic meat. Try to have organic foodcompletely.
i. To decorate for the meal, use recycled decorations made by you and your friends instead of buying brand-new decorations.
ii. When you wash up after the meal, use the low-water dishwashing method.
Teach those who are helping how to use it, too.
7. Remember that every day is Earth Day.
Anything to help our environment is a perfect thing to do on Earth Day and every day.
Don't restrict yourself to just one day a year; learn about how you can make a difference to environmental protection all the time. It's going to take a lot of work to
heal our planet. Leading by example will help others remember that the earth is important every day of the year.
Method 2 of 5: Caring for Trees, Plants and Animals 1. Plant trees.
As the date of Earth Day roughly coincides with U.S. Arbor Day, planting trees is a popular Earth Day activity. Trees helps to reduce greenhouse gas emissions, clean pollution, secure soil in place to prevent erosion, and provide homes for many birds, insects and other animals. There's almost no more important, long-lasting act you can do to celebrate Earth Day.
i. Pick a tree that you know can survive in your climate. It's best to find a species native to where you live. If you're unsure about what that might be, ask an employee at your local garden shop, or inside the garden department of a big-box store.
ii. To ensure that the tree grows tall and strong, make sure you plant it correctly.
Choose the correct planting spot to meet its needs, dig a properly-sized hole, and water the tree well to give it a good start.
2. Plant wildflowers.
Choose flowers that are native to your area and plant them in your garden or on nature strips where plants are usually grown. Restoring the local plant life will help attract native bird life, pollinators and local mammals. Here are a few examples of common flowers that will draw wildlife:
i. If you want to attract Monarch butterflies, plant milkweed, pansies or goldenrod.
ii. If you want to attract bees, plant bee balm, lavender or sage.
iii. If you want to attract hummingbirds, plant foxglove, petunias or lilies.
3. Welcome animals into your yard.
You can do a lot for the creatures of the earth starting in your own yard or neighborhood. In their quest for the perfect lawn, many people drive out the insects, rodents, birds and reptiles that need a place to call home just as much as we do.
Starting on Earth Day, why not welcome these nonhuman neighbors into your yard?
Here's how to do it.
i. Instead of mowing the entire yard, leave a few sections unmowed. Bees, butterflies, and many other insects will find this inviting. If you're worried about them coming inside, have the unmowed area in the back of the yard instead of right next to the house.
ii. Install a bird feeder, bat feeder, squirrel feeder, hummingbird feeder, or any other type of feeder to attract more wild animals.
iii. Provide a source of water, like a bird bath or a small pond.
iv. Don't try to get rid of snakes, lizards, frogs, moles, squirrels, and the other creatures who want to hang out in your yard. Many of these animals are beneficial; they aerate your yard, eat mosquitoes and improve biodiversity in the area. Live and let live. Tell your neighbors to do the same!
4. Talk to your neighbors about going organic.
Pesticides and herbicides can harm wild animals, native plants, trees, pets, and even humans. Make Earth Day the day you stop using chemicals in your yard and try
organic methods of weed and pest removal instead. Consider talking to your neighbors about making the whole neighborhood organic.
i. Getting rid of pests the old-fashioned way can actually be more effective than using pesticides. Try planting native plants to control the insect population.
Use water to spray common insects like aphids off of your vegetable plants.
ii. When it comes to weeds, pulling them out by hand works better than any other method.
5. Commit to protecting local wild places.
Whether you live near an ocean, river, forest, mountain, swamp or lake, wild areas like these need protection. They are home to many plants and animals who rely on them for food and shelter. On Earth Day, commit to protecting the wild places in your community by doing the following:
i. Join a group working to protect these areas from pollution and developments.
ii. Encourage people to respect wild spaces by not damaging animal habitats, littering, and dumping in the water.
6. Clean up litter in your community.
Many groups use the weekend of Earth Day to clear roadways, highways and neighborhood streets of litter that has accumulated since the last clean-up day.Many companies donate gloves and bags for clean-up groups and villages organize bag pick ups. Once the group has collected the trash and placed the recycled bags along the road, get the village public works department to pick the bags up. It's a wonderful community project that you can do as an individual or with a group.
Method 3 of 5: Eating Earth-Friendly Food 1. Eat food from local sources.
Eating food that was grown or raised as close to your home as possible is important for a variety of reasons. Locally-grown food doesn't require as much gas to arrive in your town and end up on the shelves in your grocery store. The closer to your home it was grown, the more environmentally friendly it is.
i. Farmer's markets are a great place to find local foods. Most foods available in farmer's markets were grown within a 50-mile vicinity.
ii. Some grocery stores have a section devoted to locally-grown foods. Look for foods that were produced in your state, or better yet, within 50 miles of your town.
iii. Look for foods that were produced on small farms, rather than manufactured at factories.
2. Plant a vegetable garden.
When it comes to eating local, you can't get much closer to home than your own yard.
You can grow a lot of different vegetables in a relatively small space. Earth Day falls during the perfect time of year to plant a garden. Try clearing a bit of grass away and planting a few different varieties to try out during the summer.
i. Squash is a great choice, since one plant produces enough to feed a small family for several weeks.
ii. Tomatoes are popular among novice gardeners.
iii. Beans are relatively low-maintenance.
iv. Herbs take up very little room, and can be grown in pots.
v. Don't have space for a garden? See if there's a community garden in your area where you can start using a plot.
3. Consider a vegetarian or vegan diet.
Most meat is manufactured in an industrial setting under conditions that pollute the environment and are cruel to the animals.Mass-produced meat is normally pumped full of hormones, making it unhealthy for humans to consume. Eliminating meat from your diet is considered a great way to do your part to help the environment. Why not make April 22 your first meatless day?
i. A vegetarian diet is free of meat and fish, while a vegan diet is free of all animal products (including eggs, honey and dairy products). Choose the diet that works best for your health needs.
ii. If you don't want to give up meat entirely, consider buying your meat products only from local farms where you know how the animals were treated. Look for farms that allow animals space to roam and feed them healthy food.
4. Cook from scratch.
Pre-made, processed foods require preservatives and a lot of packaging to keep them from going bad before you eat them. Check out the list of ingredients on items like frozen dinners, packaged snack foods and other common grocery store items. They likely contain extra sugars, chemical flavorings and other ingredients that aren't good for the environment or our bodies. The solution is to buy foods in their natural form and cook from scratch.
i. Even if a product is labeled "natural," check the ingredients. If you see words you can't pronounce, you probably don't need to eat it.
ii. Not sure you know how to cook from scratch? Start with easy dishes like omelets, casseroles, smoothies, or steamed vegetables. Once you learn some basic techniques, you'll be able to cook more and more dishes from scratch.
Method 4 of 5: Reducing Waste 1. Reduce, reuse and recycle.
Buy as little as possible and avoid items that come in lots of packaging. Start good habits on Earth Day and carry them through all year long. Here are a few ways you can reduce, reuse and recycle:
i. Support local growers and producers of food and products. These don't have to travel as far and so reduce greenhouse gas emissions.
ii. Take your drink container with you, and don't use any disposable plates or cutlery. Recycle all the things you do use for the day or find other uses for things that you no longer use.
iii. Carry a cloth bag for carrying things in and recycle your plastic bags.
2. Buy or make Earth-friendly cleaning products.
Try making up a simple vinegar-and-water counter cleaner, or swapping out your bleach cleaner for a less-toxic orange-based one. Making your own cleaning products saves money and packaging. Homemade cleaning products also often work just as well as industrial-strength chemicals.
i. A solution of half vinegar, half water can be used to clean floors, bathrooms, cabinets, counters, and just about anything else in your home.
ii. To remove stains from carpeting, clothing or other fabrics, make a paste with baking soda and water. Let it sit on the stain for a few minutes, then scrub it away with a toothbrush.
3. Entertain kids with homemade crafts and toys.
3. Entertain kids with homemade crafts and toys.