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T CONTENTS
E G A P E L T I
T ... i
E G A P L A V O R P P
A ... ii
E G A P E C N A T P E C C
A ... i ii
E G A P O T T O
M ... i v
S T N E M E G D E L W O N K C
A ... v
LEMBAR PERNYATAAN PERSETUJUAN PUBLIKASI... vi
Y T I L A N I G I R O F O T N E M E T A T
S ... vii
S T N E T N O C F O E L B A
T ... v ii i
T C A R T S B
A ... ix ..
K A R T S B
A ... x
N O I T C U D O R T N I : I R E T P A H
C ... 1 .
A Backgroundoft heStudy ... 1 .
B ProblemFormulaiton ... 6 .. .
C Objecitveoft heStudy ... 6 .
D De ifniitono fTerm ... 6
E R O E H T : I I R E T P A H
C TICALREVIEW ... 7 .
A Reviewo fRelatedStudies ... 7 .
B Reviewo fRelatedTheo ires ... 8 .
1 Theo ire so fCharacte randCharacte irzaiton ... 8 .
2 Theo ire so fParenitng ... 11 .
3 Theo ire so fParentalI n lfuence s... 15 .
C Theoreitca lFramework ... 19
Y G O L O D O H T E M : I I I R E T P A H
C ... 1 9 .
A Objec toft heStudy ... 1 9 .
B Approachoft heStudy ... 20 .
C Methodoft heStudy ... 21 ....
S I S Y L A N A : V I R E T P A H
C ... 23 .
A TheCharacte irsitc soft heMainCharacter ,Ami r... 23 .
B Baba’ sParenitngStylet owardt heMainCharacter ,Ami r ... 32 .
C Amri’ sCharacte irsitcsast heE ffects o fBaba’ sParenitngStyle .. 42
N O I S U L C N O C : V R E T P A H
C ... .. 5 7
Y H P A R G O I L B I
B ... 61
X I D N E P P
A ... 63 .. y
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1 I R E T P A H C
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A Backgroundoft heStudy
, s t c e p s a f o s d n i k y n a m h ti w s l a e d t i e s u a c e b x e l p m o c y r e v s i e fi l s ’ n a m u H
f o s e it i x e l p m o c e h T . h t a e d d n a n o it a p u c c o , e m ir c , h tl a e w , e g a ir r a m , h tr i b s a h c u s
e ti l e s u a c e b e r u t a r e ti l n i n e e s e b n a c e fi l s ’ n a m u
h raturei sr elatedt ot heaspect sofl fie ,
s t n e m e t a t s e h T . s e r u tl u c d n a s m r o n , s e u l a v l a i c o s , e g d e l w o n k , n o it o m e s ’ n a m u h
n i e r u t a r e ti l o t n o it i n if e d s ’ n o s d u H o t m ri f n o c e v o b
a An I ntroduciton t o t he Study o f
e r u t a r e ti
L .Hesayst hatl tieraturei savtialr ecordo fwha tmenhaveseeni nl fie ,wha t
t i f o s t c e p s a e s o h t t u o b a t l e f d n a t h g u o h t e v a h y e h t t a h w , ti f o d e c n e ir e p x e e v a h y e h t
e b n a c t i , e r o f e r e h T . s u f o l l a f o t s e r e t n i g n ir u d n e d n a e t a i d e m m i t s o m e h t e v a h h c i h w
e r p x e n a y ll a c i s a b s i e r u t a r e ti l t a h t n e e
s ssionof l fiet hrought he mediumof l anguage
. ) 0 1 : 8 5 9 1 (
n a s i l e v o N . e fi l s ’ n a m u h h ti w s l a e d t a h t s k r o w y r a r e ti l e h t f o e n o s i l e v o N
. t s i x e s m e l b o r p n a m u h y n a m h c i h w n i e fi l l a i c o s e h t s s e r p x e o t a i d e m e t a ir p o r p p a
a r a h c e h t ,l e v o n a n i t a h t y a s o t s i t a h
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b Understanding nove lthrough the presentaiton o f
s l e v o n t a h t w o n k e w e s u a c e b , e fi l f o e c n e ir e p x e r u o h c ir n e o t d e d n e t n i s i s r e t c a r a h c
u l a v y n a m e r a e r e h T . e fi l l a e r f o t i a rt r o p e r
a e stha tare presented through the
. h c a o r p p a e t a ir p o r p p a e h t g n i y l p p a y b r e h tr u f m e h t e z y l a n a n a c e w d n a , s r e t c a r a h c
. s g n i e b n a m u h s a m e h t e e s d l u o h s c it ir c e h t ,s r e t c a r a h c e h t d n a t s r e d n u o t y h w s i t a h T
h g u o h t , g n il e e f e h t r e d i s n o c o s l a y e h t ,s d r o w r e h t o n
I tand atttiudet ha tmoitvate t he
. h c a o r p p a l a c i g o l o h c y s p e h t g n i s u y b e n o d e b n a c s i h T . s n o it c a e h t o d o t s r e t c a r a h c
l li w s c it ir c e h t t a h t d e t c e p x e s i s i h t , h c a o r p p a s i s y l a n a o h c y s p e h t g n i y l p p a y b , s e d i s e B
d n a s m e l b o r p l a c i g o l o h c y s p y n a m r o f r e p o t e l b a e
b the soluiton soft he character sso
i e h t e v l o s o t w o h n r a e l n a c m s i c it ir c e h t f o s r e d a e r e h t t a h
t rdaliy psychologica l
.s m e l b o r p
e r e h
T i s some consideraiton why the relaitonship between parent s and
. t n u o c c a o t n i n e k a t s i n e r d li h
c Being parents i sno taneasyt hing t o do .They play a
g n ir a e b f o r e tt a m a y l e r e m t o n s i tI . n e r d li h c r i e h t f o s e v il e h t n i e l o r t n a tr o p m i y r e v
d n a c i s a b e h t s i s i h T . r e p e e d t u b , l o o h c s o t m e h t g n i d n e s d n a g n i d e e f , n e r d li h c
h c a e o t h t m r a w d n a e v o l , n o it n e tt a g n i v i g f o m e l b o r p y r a m ir
p membe rinside the
k o o b e h t n I . y li m a
f HumanDevelopment ,Pikunass tates:
d n a p i h s n i k y b r e h t e g o t d n u o b s i n e r d li h c h ti w y li m a f e h t , p u o r g y r a m ir p a s A
l a u t u m s a l l e w s a , tr o p p u s d n a n o it c e ff a , e r a c y b d e k r a m s n o it a l e r e t a m it n i
e it i v it c a s u o ir a v n i g n ir a h
s sand concerns .Husband and wfie ,o rfathe rand d e r e d i s n o c s i y li m a f e h t d n a y li m a f e h t f o r e b m e m l a i c u r c e r a , r e h t o m
0 6 : 6 7 9 1 ( t n e s b a s i r e h ti e n e h w ” n e k o r b “ r o e t e l p m o c n
i -6 1 .)
y l n i a m s i tI . y li m a f e h t f o e r u li a f e h t d n i h e b g n i y a l p s r o t c a f y n a m e r a e r e h T
theproblemabout t heparents ’paren itngstylei n t herif am liyl fie .Fori nstance ,mos t
. n e r d li h c r i e h t r o f e m it ’ s t n e r a p f o k c a l e h t m o r f e m o c s e s a
c Parent sare m ore
h ti w d e n r e c n o
c hi swork than giving atteniton ot thei rchlidren .T nhis c a make the
e r d li h
3
n o it n e tt a ’ s t n e r a p r i e h
t .Chlidren nc a lookf oratteniton ot othe rpeopleoutside fo thei r
s t n e r a
p ,such as colleague sof thei rfamliy , da n the worst thing si t hat they feel t ha t
theyhavenoparent sa tall.
n I . e l o r ’ s r e h t a f y ll a i c e p s e t n a tr o p m i y r e v s i e l o r ’ s t n e r a p , y li m a f n
I Chlid
y g o l o h c y s
P ,Vasta states t ha tfather splay a majo rpa tr i n mos tfamliy and ce trainly
a f , y l g n it s e r e t n I . n e r d li h c r i e h t r o f s e r u g if t n a tr o p m i e r o m e r
a ther saregenerallyspen t
t i , e m o h t a r e h t o m o n s i e r e h t n e v E . o d s r e h t o m n a h t n e r d li h c r i e h t h ti w e m it s s e l
r i e h t o t s r e v i g e r a c d o o g e b o t y ti li b a e h t e v a h t o n o d s r e h t a f t a h t n a e m t o n s e o d
.) 9 7 4 : 5 9 9 1 ( n e r d li h
c O fcourse,f athers’r oles ea r di fferent f rom wha tmothers ’have .
n a c s i h T . e d u ti tt a m ri f a g n i v a h d n a e n il p i c s i d t u o b a e r o m n e r d li h c r i e h t h c a e t s r e h t a F
l it n u w o n e fi l ri e h t n i e c a f d n a o d d l u o h s y e h t t a h w t u o b a n r a e l n e r d li h c e h t e k a m
’ s a n u k i P n i d e t a t s s A . n e r d li h c n w o r i e h t e v a h y e h t n e h w r e t a
l HumanDevelopment :
s a n o it a rt i b r a d n a e n il p i c s i d f o t r a p r o j a m a s r e d l u o h s y ll a u s u r e h t a f e h T
y ti l a e r r i e h t s e t a l u m it s e h e n il p i c s i d d n a , y ti r o h t u a s i h y B . w o r g n e r d li h c
y ti l a e r s ’ d li h c e h t o t h c u m s d d a r e h t a f e v it c a d n a g n it a p i c it r a p A . n o it a t n e ir o
t n e ir
o aiton by i mposing t ask sand chore son each membe rof t he famliy .He .
) 2 6 : 6 7 9 1 ( y ll a c it s il a e r e fi l h ti w l a e d o t n e r d li h c s e h c a e t
n o s d n a r e h t a f n e e w t e b p i h s n o it a l e r e h t s e c n e u lf n i o s l a e v o b a t n e m e t a t s e h T
o t r e n tr a p d o o g e r a s n o s d n a s r e h t a F . y li m a f e h t n
i makeaharmoniousr elaitonshipi n
t a h t n o it i d n o
c they are both male . They create some good communicaitons ,
p i h s n o it a l e r n i s u o i n o m r a
h andi n lfuenceoff irendship sandpa trnerships .Whenson s
e h t a f r i e h t t a h w e c it c a r p d n a n r a e l y e h t , s r e h t a f r i e h t e z il o d
i r staugh tthem .Mos t
. s g n i h t e v it a g e n r o d a b e h t d i o v a d n a s g n i h t d o o g o d o t n e r d li h c e h t h c a e t ll i w s t n e r a p
k o o b s i h n i o k t a k u
B ChlidandAdolescenceDevelopmen talsosaidt ha tsons whoare
h ti w p u g n i w o r
g theri fathers wli lbe good in academic achievement ,gender-role
. n o i s s e r g g a f o l o rt n o c d n a t n e m p o l e v e
d Son sassim liate t he characte irsitcs ,atttiude s
r o i v a h e b d n
a s a sthei remoitona lnature to which son sare growing wtih .On the
r o f l e d o m r o e r u g if y ti t n e d i n a e v a h t o n d i d s r e h t a f t u o h ti w s n o s , y r a rt n o
c approp irate
, e v it i n g o c n i s ti c if e d d e r e ff u s s u h t d n a , r o i v a h e b t n e t e p m o c y ll a t n e m u rt s n i , e n il u c s a m
s e l b m e s e r g n ir e h t a f d o o g , s d r o w r e h t o n I . ) 4 5 3 : 8 0 0 2 ( s n i a m o d l a n o it o m e d n a l a i c o s
r e s o h t ll if o h w s t n e r a p o w t g n i v a h y b e v ir h t ll i w s n o s d n a , g n ir e h t o m d o o
g oles ,even
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t jus toneparen.t
g n i h t e m o s s i e v o b a s n o s d n a s r e h t a f n e e w t e b p i h s n o it a l e r e h t t u o b a y r o t s e h T
d e l a h K , n a h g f A e h t y b n e tt ir w s i t a h t l e v o n e h t n i r e ti r w e h t y b d e h c r a e s e r e b l li w t a h t
d e lt it n e , i n i e s s o
H The Ktie Runner . The nove l i s narrated in 1975 in Kabul ,
y b n o it a n i m ir c s i d e h t t u o b a g n il l e t s i l e v o n e h T . n a t s i n a h g f
A Pashtun toHazara .Bu t
. n o it a n i m ir c s i d h c u s f o y r o t s e h t f o e d i s r e h t o e h t s e n i m a x e r e ti r w e h t ,s i s e h t s i h t n i
i p i h s n o it a l e r e h t t u o b a y r o t s e h t n i d e t s e r e t n i s i r o h t u a e h
T n Pashtun sfamliy tha t
r i m A r o f t n e r a p e l g n i s a s i a b a B . ri m A , n o s s i h d n a , a b a B , d e m a n r e h t a f a e r a e r e h t
o t h tr i b e v a g e h s n e h w d e i d e fi w s i h r e tf
a Ami.rSo ,Ami rgetst he parents’r oles only
n e v E . r e h t a f s i h m o r
f though they are fathe rand son ,they have conrtadictory
. e v a h d l u o h s n e m t a h w s a s c it s ir e t c a r a h
c Baba feels t ha tAmi rdoe sno tac t ilke t he
s i h e k il e v a r b g n i e b r o , t h g if , ll a b t o o f g n i y a l p , e l p m a x e r o F . n e m y r a n i d r o r e h t o
e r s i t a h t g n i h t e m o s s e k il r i m A , d a e t s n I . e g a s ’ ri m A n i s a w e h n e h w r e h t a
5
e m it s i h s d n e p s e H . e r u t a r e ti
l alone a tthe house reading novel sand w iritng some
a b a B e k a m s g n i h t e s e h T . s e ir o t
s i sno tproud o fhi sown son .Then Baba pay smore
e h t h ti w r i a ff a s i h m o r f y o b a o t n o it n e tt
a Hazara woman ,Hassan ,who i s l awfully
o
n thi sson .Then Ami rbertay sHassan ,who i salso hi sbes tf irend ,jus tto seize
. n o it n e tt a s ’ a b a
B Baba ha shi sown styles i n parenitng t ha tmay no tmatch t oAmri .
e h t a h w t u o b a g n i h t e m o s t h g u a t s i ri m A , r e h t a f s i h h ti
W should doa sa man ilke hi s
o d r e h t a
f e s .
e m o s s i e v o b a e k il p i h s n o it a l e r e h
T thing tha tcan be explained as worse
s l e e f n o S . r e h t o h c a e d n a t s r e d n u t o n n a c n o s d n a r e h t a F . y li m a f e h t n i p i h s n o it a l e r
n o s s i h t a h t s k n i h t r e h t a F , e li h w n a e M . m i h d n a t s r e d n u o t t n a w t o n s e o d r e h t a f s i h t a h t
t o n n a
c understand the adul’t sproblems .Son doe sno talway shave to be ilke hi s
n o s d n e p e d d e p a h s e b n a c y ti l a n o s r e p d n a r e t c a r a h c n w o s i h h ti w n o s e s u a c e b , r e h t a f
b d i a s s i t a h w e k i L . s e v il e h e r e h w g n i d n u o r r u s s i
h yBaba’ scolleague ,Rahim Khan
c t a h
t hlidren are tn o coloirng books which can be llif de wtih you rfavortie color s
.) 1 2 : 3 0 0 2 (
e r a y t e i c o s d n a y li m a f n i s n o s d n a s r e h t a f n e e w t e b p i h s n o it a l e r e h t ,r e v o e r o M
y t e i c o s e h t d n a y li m a f e h T . y ti l a n o s r e p r i e h t r o f t l u s e r d o o g a g n i v a h s y a w l a t o n
m e h t e k a m o t t h g u
.
B ProblemFormula iton
s ’i n i e s s o H d e l a h K g n i y d u t s n
I The Ktie Runner , three problem s are
: s w o ll o f s a d e t a l u m r o f
.
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.
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.
C Objecitve soft heStudy
e h t t u o d n if o t s i e v it c e j b o t s ri f e h T . y d u t s e h t f o s e v it c e j b o e e r h t e r a e r e h T
p t a h w y fi t n e d i o t s i e v it c e j b o d n o c e s e h T . l e v o n e h t n i ri m A f o c it s ir e t c a r a h
c aren itng
w o h y fi t n e d i o t s i e v it c e j b o t s a l e h T . ri m A , n o s s i h s d r a w o t a b a B d e s u s i t a h t e l y t s
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.
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A Psychology i nAcitonbyHu ffman ,parenitngstylearet heways
7 I I R E T P A H C
W E I V E R L A C I T E R O E H T
.
A Reviewo fRelatedStudies
t a l e r e m o
S ed studie soft hework o fKhaled Hossein ihavebeendiscussed
s i t a h t t e n r e t n i e h t m o r f s e l c it r a e h t f o e n O . s i s e h t e t a u d a r g r e d n u d n a t e n r e t n i n i
s ’i n i e s s o H t u o b a d e s s u c s i
d The K tie Runner i spubilshed by Phiilp Sprie sin
t a h t s r e d i s n o c e H . m o c . e l z z u
b T he Ktie Runner by Khaled Hossein i ha s
e h t s t u p i n i e s s o H . e v e i h c a o t y rt s r e ti r w y ll u f s s e c c u s n u y n a m d e h s il p m o c c a
l a i c o s d n a s n o it u l o v e r , s r a w s a h c u s y r o t s e h t n i n e p p a h e r a t a h t s t n e v e l a r u t a n
y g o l o e d i d n a s e l g g u rt s e n i c e n r e t n i , li o m r u t f o d o ir e p , s l a v a e h p
u confilcts .Hi s
, s n o it c a e h t o t d e v l o v n i d n a l e e f n a c s r e d a e r e h t s e k a m y r o t s e h t l l e t o t e l y t s
.t i n o . c t e d n a t li u g , s e ir o m e m
d n a g n i g a g n e y l s u o e n a tl u m i s a n i s d e e c c u s i n i e s s o H d e l a h K e r e h W
H . t x e t n o c s ti h ti w a m a r d s i h f o g n i d n e l b e h t s i y a w e v it a m r o f n
i i s
fl e s f o y e n r u o j a n o r e d a e r e h t s e k a t e v it a r r a
n -discovery ,where acitons ,
e r e h w y e n r u o j a o s l a t u b , d n a h t s ri f t a d e c n e ir e p x e e r a t li u g , s e ir o m e m
s t c u rt s n i y l e r e m r e v e n , s e d u l c n i t a h t y a w a n i s d l o f n u y r o t s i h
e h t/ s e l c it r a / m o c . e l z z u b . w w w // : p tt h
( - ek - nti ru n - yerb -khaled-hossein.ihtml.)
, s r e tt e L h s il g n E f o t n e m tr a p e D m o r f h i s a i n r u K a ti N h t e b a z il E , e li h w n a e M
s i s e h t e h t n i w e i v e r r e h s e t a t s , a tr a k a y g o Y , y ti s r e v i n U a m r a h D a t a n a
S itlted The
fl e S s i h n o p u g n il e e F y tl i u G s ’ ri m A f o e c n e u lf n
I -Concep tin Khaled Hossein’i s
r e n n u R e ti K e h
T .Theresul to fthi sstudy show stha thi sguitly feeilng happen s
d e t s e l o m g n i e b s i o h w , n a s s a H , d n e ir f t s e b s i h p l e h o t t n a w t o n s e o d e h e s u a c e b
t e g o t r e d r o n i f e s s A y
f s i
h ather’ shear tby bertaying hi sbes tfirend become sthe feeilng o fguli ttha t
. g n i h t d a b a s i e n o d n e e b d a h e h t a h w
fl e s c i s a b s i h s e g a m a d t li u g f o g n il e e f s i h s i t l u s e r e h
T -concept .Hi s
fl e s y r o ti s n a rt e v it i s o
p -concep t“ I am wo trh to be proud of” i s only ”
n o s r e p d a b a m a I “ s a f l e s m i h s e e s n e h t e h , y r a t n e m o
m (2009:ix).
t u o b a e v o b a s n o i s s u c s i d o w t e h t h ti w t n e r e ff i
D TheKtieRunner ,heret he
n o s a s a r i m A , r e t c a r a h c r o j a m e h t f o c it s ir e t c a r a h c e h t m o r f e e s o t g n i o g s i r e ti r w
m e l b o r p r e h t o e h T . l e v o n e h t n
i to be discussed i sabou tthe parenitng style o f
ri m A w o h e z y l a n a l li w r e ti r w e h t , t s a l e h t d n A . a b a B , r e h t a f s ’ ri m
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s c it s ir e t c a r a h
c ea r in lfuencedbyBaba’ sparenitngs tyle.
.
B Reviewo fRelatedTheories
e h t e r a s i s y l a n a e h t n i d e il p p a e b l li w s e ir o e h t e h
T theo ire so fcharacte r
.s e c n e u lf n i l a t n e r a p f o s e ir o e h t d n a g n it n e r a p f o s e ir o e h t , n o it a z ir e t c a r a h c d n a
.
1 CharacterandCharacteriza iton
, k o o b s i h n i s m a r b A o t g n i d r o c c a r e t c a r a h
C AGlossaryt oL tieraryTerms ,
e , k r o w e v it a r r a n r o c it a m a r d n i , n o s r e p e h t s
i ndowedwtih mora ldisposiitonand
y a s y e h t t a h w n i d e s s e r p x e e r a s e it il a u q e h T . s e it il a u q l a n o it o m
e -dialogue and
o d y e h
t -theaciton(1985:21).
e b n a c ) 0 2 : 5 8 9 1 , s m a r b A ( y r o t s a n i e c n a tr o p m i ri e h t n o d e s a b s r e t c a r a h C
9
t s ri f e h
T category i smain o rmajo rcharacter .A main o rmajo rcharacte r
e h t g n o m a t n a tr o p m i t s o m e h t s i n o it i s o p r e h r o s i h h c i h w n i r e t c a r a h c a o t s r e f e r
. y r o t s e h t f o d n e e h t o t g n i n n i g e b e h t m o r f s r e t c a r a h c r e h t o
n i n i a g a d e d i v i d l li t s s i r e t c a r a h c r o j a m r o n i a
M to t wo kinds ,protagonis t
t s e r e t n i r u o h c i h w n i , k r o w f o r e t c a r a h c f e i h c a s i t s i n o g a t o r P . t s i n o g a t n a d n a
e h t f o d n e e h t r o g n i n n i g e b o t r e t c a r a h c t n e n o p p o e h t s i t s i n o g a t n a s a e r e h w , r e t n e c
. y r o t s
s i r e t c a r a h c r o n i M . r e t c a r a h c r o n i m s i y r o g e t a c d n o c e s e h
T the suppo tre r
. t n e v e r o g n it t e s n i a tr e c a n i s r a e p p a e h s r o e H . r e t c a r a h c n i a m e h t f o n o it c a e h t f o
. r e t c a r a h c r o j a m e h t s a t n a tr o p m i t o n s i r e t c a r a h c r o n i m e h t f o e l o r e h T
, k o o b s i h n i e n ir r e
P Ltierature :Structure ,Sound and Sense ,(1974:69 )
t a h t s e t a t
s therearet hreer elated p irnciplesi ncharacteirzaiton .Fris,tt hecharacte r
e n o n o y a w e n o e v a h e b t o n t s u m y e h t t a h t r o i v a h e b r i e h t n i t n e t s i s n o c e b t s u m
e h t r o f n o s a e r t n e i c if f u s a s i e r e h t s s e l n u r e h t o n a n o y a w t n e r e ff i d a d n a n o i s a c c o
. e g n a h c
, d n o c e
S the characte rmus tbe moitvated i n whatever t hey do ,especially
n o s a e r e h t d n a t s r e d n u o t e l b a e b t s u m e W . r o i v a h e b r i e h t n i e g n a h c a s i e r e h t n e h w
e h t , d ri h T . y r o t s e h t f o n i e h t r o g n i n n i g e b e h t n i d n u o f e b n a c t I . o d y e h t t a h w f o
i s u a l p e b t s u m r e t c a r a h
c ble o rlfie ilke .I tmean stha tthey are no tparagon so r
s ti a rt y r o t c i d a rt n o c f o n o it a n i b m o c e l b i s s o p m i r o l i v e f o r e t s n o m r o e u tr i v
.) 9 6 : 4 7 9 1 (
, k o o b s i h n i y h p r u M . J.
M Understanding Unseen :an Introduciton in
s a e s r e v O r o f l e v o N h s il g n E d n a y r t e o P h s il g n
E Student (1974:161 )exemp ilife s
e h t e k a m o t s t p m e tt a r o h t u a e h T . s r e t c a r a h c e h t g n it n e s e r p e r n i s y a w e m o s
: y b s r e d a e r e h t r o f e k il e fi l d n a e l b a t s r e d n u s r e t c a r a h c
.
a Persona ldescirpiton
. s r e t c a r a h c e h t f o e c n a r a e p p a l a c i s y h p e h t s n i a l p x e r o h t u a e h T
s e m it e m o
S the physica l appearance can also relfec t the character’ s
. n o it i d n o c l a c i g o l o h c y s p
.
b Character sass eenbyanother
m i h s e b ir c s e d r o h t u a e h t , y lt c e ri d r e t c a r a h c f o g n i b ir c s e d f o d a e t s n I
v i g l li w s r e t c a r a h c r e h t O . r e h t o n a f o n o i n i p o d n a s e y e e h t h g u o r h t r e h r
o e
e h t t u o b a t h g u o h t s ’ r e h t O . e k il s i r e t c a r a h c e h t t a h w t u o b a n o it a n a l p x e
t a h t f o g n i d n a t s r e d n u n a d li u b o t r o t c a f t n a c if i n g i s e b n a c r e t c a r a h c n i a tr e c
.r e t c a r a h c
.
c Speech
e h t f o e n o f o c it s ir e t c a r a h c e h t o t n i t h g i s n i s u e v i g n a c r o h t u a e h T
h t n i r e t c a r a h
c e book through wha t the characte r says .Wheneve r a
r o s i h o t e u l c e m o s s r e d a e r e h t g n i v i g s i e h s r o e h , g n i k a e p s s i r e t c a r a h c
. c it s ir e t c a r a h c r e h
.
d Pastl fie
r e d a e r e h t e v i g n a c r o h t u a e h t , e fi l r e t c a r a h c e h t t u o b a g n i n r a e l y B
e p a h s o t d e p l e h s a h t a h t e u l c
a acharacter’ scharacteirsitca sheo rshei s
, r o h t u a e h t y b t n e m m o c t c e ri d y b e n o d e b n a c t i y ll a u s U . t n e s e r p t a w o n
r o , n o it a s r e v n o c n o s r e p e h t h g u o r h t ,r e t c a r a h c e h t f o t h g u o h t e h t h g u o r h t
1 1
.
e Conversaitono fothers
e h t t u o b a y a s y e h t s g n i h t e h t d n a s r e t c a r a h c r e h t o f o n o it a s r e v n o C
. r e t c a r a h c
.f Reacitons
o t s n o it c a e r r e h r o s i h m o r f r e t c a r a h c s i h s w o h s r e t c a r a h c e h T
.s t n e v e d n a s n o it a u ti s s u o ir a v
.
g Driec tcomment
n o it p ir c s e d d r a w r o ft h g i a rt s a r e d a e r e h t s e v i g r o h t u a e h
T abou t
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.
h Thought
s i r e t c a r a h c e h t t a h w f o e g d e l w o n k t c e ri d s u e v i g n a c r o h t u a e h T
e h t f o d n i m e h t f o e fi l r e n n i e h t w o ll o f n a c n e h t e W . t u o b a g n i k n i h t
. d n i m s ’ r e t c a r a h c e h t e d i s n i t h g u o h t e h t s l a e v e r h c i h w , r e t c a r a h c
.i Manneirsm
a e h
T utho r may descirbe a character’ s manneirsm , hab tis , o r
.r e t c a r a h c s ’ n o s r e p e h t t n e s e r p e r o s l a y a m t a h t s e i s a r c n y s o i d i
.
2 Theorie so fParen itng
d n a h ti a H , a t s a V y b g n it n e r a p f o s n o i s n e m i d o w t e r a e r e h t , ll a f o t s ri F
n i r e ll i
M Chlid Psychology .They are parenting warmth and paren itng conrtol .
h t m r a w g n it n e r a P . y li m a f a n i y ll a u q e d e il p p a t s e b e b d l u o h s s n o i s n e m i d h t o B
r i e h t o t s t n e r a p e h t m o r f t n e m e g a r u o c n e , e r a c , e v o l , n o it c e ff a , tr o p p u s s e d u l c n i
n e m i d g n it n e r a p f o e d i s r e h t o e h t s i l o rt n o c g n it n e r a P . n e r d li h
c sion swhich
3
e r a y e h t t a h w n o s s e n l u f s s e c c u s r i e h t t e g o t d r a h m e h t e k a m l li w t a h T . y ti li b a
. g n i o d
t s t s a l e h
T yleo fparenitngi spermissivewho arewarm and l oving. They e m o c e b n e r d li h c , tl u s e r e h t s A ” .t n a w u o y r e v e t a h w o d “ y a s y ll a u s u
t n e m e v e i h c a r o n t n e d n e p e d n i r e h ti e
n -o irented( 2010:90 .)
m t c e p x e r o l o rt n o c o t li a f l li w y e h t , e l y t s g n it n e r a p f o d n i k s i h t n
I ature
. n e r d li h c r i e h t m o r f r o i v a h e b
n i p p i K d n a r e ff a h S , n e d l o H o t r a li m i s t s o m l
A Developmenta l
e c n e c s e l o d A d n a d o o h d li h C : y g o l o h c y s
P also divided Baum irnd’ sresearch into
r e d n u n e r d li h c e r a y e h t , e l y t s g n it n e r a p e h t m o r f n e r d li h c e h t f o s t c e ff e e e r h t
u
A thortiaitve parents ,Authortiairan parent sand Permissive parents .Chlidren
l a i c o s , l u f r e e h c , ll e w r e h t a r g n i p o l e v e d e r a s t n e r a p e v it a ti r o h t u A e h t r e d n u
fl e s , e l b i s n o p s e
r -reilant ,achievement-o irented ,cooperaitve wtih adul tand peers .
A e h t f o s tl u s e r e h
T uthortiairan parent sare chlidren who areno tdoing so well .
y li s a e , e m it e h t f o h c u m y p p a h n u s m e e s , r e n o l , y d o o m e b o t d e d n e t y e h T
t n i a f , y l d n e ir f n u , d e y o n n
a -heatred , relaitve aimles s and generally no t very
s i m r e p s i e l y t s d ri h t e h T . d n u o r a e b o t t n a s a e l
p siveparent swhohavechlidrent ha t
fl e s , y s s o b , e v i s s e r g g a , e v i s l u p m i n e tf
o -centered and lacking in sefl-conrto land
.) 2 1 6 : 0 1 0 2 ( t n e m e v e i h c a d n a e c n e d n e p e d n i n i w o l e ti u q
e v it a ti r o h t u A e h t t a h t d e d u l c n o c e b n a c t i , s e l y t s g n it n e r a p e h t l l a m o r F
g n it n e r a
p i s the bes t one , a s stated by Bukato and Daehle r in Kasschau’ s
y g o l o h c y s P g n i d n a t s r e d n
U :
s m e e s s i h T . tl u s e r t s e b e h t d l e i y g n it n e r a p e v it a ti r o h t u a t a h t r a e l c s m e e s t I
s e r u t a e f o w t m o r f e m o c o
t – the estabilshmen to f ilmti son t hechlid and g
n i d n o p s e
5 1
.
3 Theorie so fParentalI n lfuences
, y li m a f y b d e c n e u lf n i e r a t n e m p o l e v e d d n a y ti l a n o s r e p s ’ n e r d li h C
e h t f o e fi l y lr a e e h t e c n i s t n a tr o p m i y r e v s i y li m a f t a h t d i a s s i tI . s t n e r a p y ll a i c e p s e
s k c o lr u H s A . n e r d li h
c tates:
y li m a f f o b m o w e h t n i h ti w e c n a t s n i t s ri f e h t n i d e m r o f s i y ti l a n o s r e P
.) 1 2 : 6 5 9 1 ( p i h s n o it a l e r
e h t h g u o r h T . n e r d li h c r i e h t r o f e l p m a x e d o o g e h t e b d l u o h s s t n e r a p o S
s e u l a v , s e d u ti tt a , y ti l a n o s r e p , s r e t c a r a h c e t a ti m i n e r d li h c e h t , s e c n e u lf n i l a t n e r a p
o s l a s i t n e m p o l e v e d y ti l a n o s r e p s ’ n e r d li h C . r o i v a h e b l a i c o s f o s n r e tt a p d n a
d n a n it r a M y b d e t a t s s A . n e r d li h c d n a s t n e r a p n e e w t e b x e s e m a s e h t y b d e tr o p p u s
s ’ r e l d n e t
S ChlidDevelopmen :tt heProces so fGrowingupi nSociety:
w g n i v il , y li m a f n i n e r d li h c r o
F tih t heparen toft hesamesex seemst o be r
e h t a f n i t n e m t s u j d a r e tt e b e k a m s y o B . e g a t n a v d a e h
t -custodyhome swhlie
r e h t o m n i g n i e b m o r f ti f e n e b s lr i
g -custodyhomes( 1953:501) .
s ’ n a g a K d n a r e g n o C , n e s s u
M Reading s in Chlid’ s Developmen t and
y ti l a n o s r e
P sal o said tha t the good in lfuence s fo r chlidren’ s personaltiy
d e z ir a m m u s y e h T . s t n e r a p r i e h t h ti w x e s n i e m a s r i e h t n o d n e p e d t n e m p o l e v e d
x e s e h t h g u o r h t t n e m p o l e v e d y ti l a n o s r e p e t a ir p o r p p a s ’ n e r d li h c f o s d n i k e e r h
t -role
t n e r a P : s e c n e r e f e r
p -chlid relaitonship , parenta l personaltiy characteirsitc s and
x e s f o t n e m e g a r u o c n e l a t n e r a
p -typedbehavior( 1965:227) .
t n e r a P n
I -chlidr elaitonship ,mother-daughterr elaitonship swereevaluated , d n a y a l p l l o d e v it c e j o r p f o s n a e m y b , w e i v f o t n i o p s ’ d li h c e h t m o r f t s ri f
o c e
s ndly, f rom t hei nteraciton so rgiven i n r esponsei n i nterviewquesiton r
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n e v
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b proud t o Hassanbecauset heyhavemoresimlia rcharacterst han
e k a m o t n a s s a H y a rt e b o t t c il f n o c a e k a m o t s tr a t s r i m A , d n e e h t t a n e h T . ri m A
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h looks db a inf ron tofBabainorde rtogett heatteniton da n p irde.
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. n a t s i n a h g f A g n i p l e h e r a t a h t s n o it a z i n a g r o
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S cet het hesisf ocuse sont hemain character ’characteirsitc sand t her ole
. h c a o r p p a l a c i g o l o h c y s p s i y l p p a o t h c a o r p p a e t a ir p o r p p a t s o m e h t , s t n e r a p f o
n i y r a e L s i w e
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.) 7 5 : 6 7 9 1 ( k r o w t a h t e t o r w o h w n o s r e p
k o o b s i h n i r e g r e b r h o
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s i h c i h w g n it n e r a p f o n r e tt a p g n ir r u c e r a s i e r e h t , l e v o n e h t n i n e e s e b d l u o c
e h T . ) 6 6 : 1 7 9 1 ( y g o l o h c y s p f o y r o e h t a g n i s u d e v r e s b o y l e t a ir p o r p p a
1 2
l o h c y s
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m h c r a e s e r y r a r b il e h t d e s u y d u t s e h t f o s i s y l a n a e h
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o The Ktie Runne,r w irtten by Khaled Hosseini .The
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.s e ir o e h t
t d a e r r e ti r w e h t ,t s ri F . p e t s e m o s n o d e s a b d e t c u d n o c s a w s i s y l a n a e h
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g n il a e d s n o it a t o u q e m o s d e k r a m d n a s e t o n e m o s e d a m , s e m it l a r e v e s r o f l e v o n
d a e r r e ti r w e h t ,s n o it a l u m r o f m e l b o r p e h t g n ir e w s n a n I . g n it n e r a p f o c i p o t e h t h ti w
f o s e ir o e h t e r e w s e ir o e h t e h T . g n i d n a t s r e d n u c i s a b e h t s a s e ir o e h t d e t a l e r e h t
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n e e s n U g n i d n a t s r e d n
U in orde r to ifnd ou t the characteirsitc s o f the main
r e t c a r a h c f o y r o e h t e h t n i r e t c a r a h c e h t f o g n i n a e m e h t t a g n i k o o L . ri m A , r e t c a r a h c
e h t f o s c it s ir e t c a r a h c e h T . n o it a l u m r o f m e l b o r p t s ri f e h t r e w s n a o t r e ti r w e h t d e l
t g n i y l p p a m o r f d e v r e s b o s a w r e t c a r a h c n i a
m he theory o fcharacteirzaiton by
, r e h t o n a y b n e e s s a r e t c a r a h c , n o it p ir c s e d l a n o s r e p n o d e s u c o f h c i h w y h p r u M
e h t n i s t h g u o h t d n a t n e m m o c t c e ri d , s n o it c a e r , s r e h t o f o n o it a s r e v n o c , h c e e p s
.l e v o n
a g a K d n a r e g n o C , n e s s u M y b s e c n e u lf n i l a t n e r a p f o s e ir o e h t e h
T n’ s
y ti l a n o s r e P d n a t n e m p o l e v e D s ’ d li h C n i s g n i d a e
R , Coon and Mittere r in
r o i v a h e B d n a d n i M o t s y a w e t a G : y g o l o h c y s P o t n o it c u d o r t n
I and Hu lrock’ s
t n e m p o l e v e D d n a y ti l a n o s r e
P were used in thi sstudy in orde rto suppor tthe
B y b e l y t s g n it n e r a p n o n o i s s u c s i
d abat oward hi sson ,Amri ,ast heanswe roft he
a n a i D y b e l y t s g n it n e r a p f o y r o e h t e h t , e r e H . n o it a l u m r o f m e l b o r p d n o c e s
s ’ a t s a V n i d n ir m u a
B Ch lid Psychology , Holden’ s Parenitng : a Dynamic
e v it c e p s r e
P and Holden ,and Shaffe rand Kipp’ sDevelopmenta lPsychology :
e c n e c s e l o d A d n a d o o h d li h
C wereusedt ounderstandt heparenitngstylet ha tBaba
d e s u s i t a h t e l y t s g n it n e r a p f o d n i k t a h w e e s o t d e t n a w r e ti r w e h T . ri m A o t d e t p a d a
.r i m A , n o s s i h o t a b a B y b
s a s e c n e u lf n i l a t n e r a p f o s e ir o e h t e h t d e s u r e ti r w e h t , n e h
T thesuppo trt o
s ’ ri m A w o h e e s o t d e t n a w r e ti r w e h t , e r e H . n o it a l u m r o f m e l b o r p d ri h t e h t r e w s n a
s a w r e t c a r a h
c affectedbyt heparen itngs tylet ha tBabaha .s
n o i s u l c n o c y ll a n i
3 2
V I R E T P A H C
S I S Y L A N A
if , d l u o w r e t p a h c s i h
T rst , answe r the problem formulaiton o f the
t a h w r e w s n a o t s i d n o c e s e h T . ri m A , r e t c a r a h c n i a m e h t f o s c it s ir e t c a r a h c
o t s i t s a l e h T . ri m A , n o s s i h d r a w o t a b a B y b d e s u s i t a h t e l y t s g n it n e r a p
d n a t s r e d n
u howParenitngs tyleo fBabacani n lfuencet hecharacter so fAmi.r
.
A T Che haracterisitc soft heMa Cin haracter ,Amir
e h t n i t n e m e l e t n a tr o p m i t s o m e h t e b o t d e m u s s a n e tf o e r a s r e t c a r a h c e h T
e z y l a n a o t s y a w e n i n e r a e r e h t ,r e t c a r a h c f o y r o e h t s ’ y h p r u M o t g n i d r o c c A . l e v o n
r e t c a r a h
c :based on persona ldesc irpiton, character sa sseen by another ,thei r
t h g u o h t , t n e m m o c t c e ri d , s n o it c a e r , s r e h t o h ti w s n o it a s r e v n o c , e fi l t s a p , h c e e p s
.) 1 6 1 : 4 7 9 1 ( m s ir e n n a m d n a
.
1 Loner
n e e s e b n a c r e t c a r a h c , n o it a z ir e t c a r a h c f o y r o e h t s ’ y h p r u M n o d e s a B
f o t r a p a s i h c i h w t i b a h e h t h g u o r h
t manneirsm (1974:161) .Ami rreally l ovest o
n a c e H . e r u t a r e ti l f o s k o o b e h t y ll a i c e p s e , s k o o b e m o s d a e
r spend many itme s
m o r
f ti .Thi shobbymake sAmi r ilkest obealonet han playingwtihhisf irend .s I t
s e k a
m h ima sahab tii naccoun to fhealway sdoe shi shobbyalone .Theevidence
s e s o l c r i m A e s u o h e h t t a e n o l a r i m A s e v a e l s y a w l a a b a B n e h w s w o h s w o l e b
. ti b a h s i h s e o d d n a m o o r s i h n i fl e s m i h
t u o s a w a b a B n e h w t u
B −and he wa sou ta lot− Iclosed my sel fin my s
e t o r w , s y a d f o e l p u o c y r e v e k o o b a d a e r I . m o o
r to ire ,s l earned t o draw
. ) 2 8 : 4 0 0 2 ( s e s r o h
. e n o l a r o f e m it s i h d n e p s y l n o t o n s e o d r i m A , y ll a u t c
A Hewli laskHassan
m i h h ti w y a l p o
t i f he want s to play outside .Ami r neve r play s wtih hi s
g n i y a l p e r a y e h t t a h w e s u a c e b s y o b d o o h r o b h g i e
n doesno tmatchwtihAmi,rs uch
. r e c c o s g n i y a l p s
a Hemosltyspend shi s itmeby reading somesto iresf o rHassan
s a e d i s t u o s y a l p r i m A n e h w n e v
e simlia ra swha thealway sdoesi nsidet hehouse.
. k o o b s ’ r e h t o m d a e d y m n i ,s s e n f o o l a s ’ r e h t a f y m d e p a c s e I w o h s a w t a h T
d n a t a h
T Hassan ,o fcourse( 2004:19 .)
t a h w m o r f n e e s e b n a c r e t c a r a h c , n o it a z ir e t c a r a h c f o y r o e h t s ’ y h p r u M n I
s ’ ri m A n o d e s a b s i e v o b a e c n e d i v e e h T . ) 1 6 1 : 4 7 9 1 ( g n i k n i h t s i r e t c a r a h c e h t
h ti w e n o l a e m it s i h g n i d n e p s s e d i s e b , ri m A o t e m it o n s a h a b a B n e h W . t h g u o h
t hi s
. n a s s a H h ti w s y a l p o s l a e h , s k o o b
g n i o d s y a w l a s i ri m A t a h w t a h t s l e e f a b a B , e v o b a e k il t i b a h s ’ ri m A m o r F
e h t , n o it a z ir e t c a r a h c f o y r o e h t s ’ y h p r u M o t g n i d r o c c A . d e t n i o p p a s i d a b a B s e k a m
h t m o r f d e w o h s s i r e n o l s i h c i h w r e t c a r a h c s ’ ri m A f o e c n e d i v e d ri h
t e
s r e h t o n e e w t e b s n o it a s r e v n o
c (2004:21) .Amri’ scharacte rwhich alway sspend s
s i e n o l a e m it s i
h shown between Baba and Rahim Khan’ sconversaiton .Baba
. d n u o r a g n il ff u h s r o s k o o b s i h h ti w e m o h t a s y a t s s y a w l a o h w r i m A s e h c t a w n e tf o
h t u B . w o n k I , w o n k I
“ e’ salway sbu iredi nt hosebook sors huffilngaround )
1 2 : 4 0 0 2 ( ” . m a e r d e m o s n i t s o l s ’ e h e k il e s u o h e h t
3 1 s ’ ri m A n
O th bitrhday , Baba invtie s hi s f irend s and co lleague s to
n e r d li h c ’ s d n e ir f s i h s e ti v n i o s l a a b a B . e s u o h s i h n i y tr a p y a d h tr i b e h t e t a r b e l e c
5
7 2
a B . l u ft n e s e r r i m A e k a m s g n i h
t sed on Murphy’ stheory o fcharacteirzaiton ,the
.r i m A , r e t c a r a h c n i a m e h t f o t h g u o h t e h t m o r f s i w o l e b e c n e d i v e
t I . y h t a p m y s s ’ a b a B t e g e b d l u o w t a h t r a c s f o d n i k e m o s d a h o o t I d e h s i w I
d e e h ; n o it c e ff a a b a B n r a e o t g n i h t y n a e n o d t ’ n d a h n a s s a H . ri a f t’ n s a
w jus t
. ) 3 4 : 4 0 0 2 ( p il e r a h d i p u t s t a h t h ti w n r o b n e e b
y h w s l e e f e H . m i h o t h t m r a w w o l s t c a a b a B n e h w l u ft n e s e r s e m o c e b r i m A
s ’ ri m A o s l a s i o h w e fi w d e v o l e b s ’ a b a B s ll i k e h e s u a c e b s i m i h s e t a h a b a B
h c i h w t h g u o h t s ’ ri m A n o d e s a b s i w o l e b e c n e d i v e e h T . r e h t o
m i spar to fMurphy’ s
. n o it a z ir e t c a r a h c f o y r o e h t
d n A . e lt ti l a e m d e t a h a b a B e k il t l e f s y a w l a I , s a w t i f o h t u rt e h t e s u a c e B
I l l a r e tf A ? t o n y h
w hadkilledhi sbelovedwfie ,hi sbeautfiu lp irnces s . . . )
8 1 : 4 0 0 2 (
p n e e b s a h , i m a r h k A a if o S , r e h t o m s ’ ri m
A assed away when shego tbitrh
s e v i g a b a B t a h t s l e e f ri m A n e h W . g n i o g s ’ a if o S f o t s o l s l e e f y ll a e r a b a B . ri m A o t
s a h e h e s u a c e b m i h s e t a h a b a B t a h t l u ft n e s e r s i e h , m i h o t e d u ti tt a h t m r a w w o l
. e fi w d e v o l e b s ’ a b a B d e ll i k
.
3 Troublemaker
k o o b e h t n
I Understanding Unseen which i sw irtten by Murphy ,i ti s
r o , s ti b a h , m s ir e n n a m s ’ r e t c a r a h c a e b ir c s e d y a m r o h t u a e h t t a h t d e n i a l p x e
s i h t n I . ) 1 6 1 : 4 7 9 1 ( r e t c a r a h c s ’ n o s r e p e h t t n e s e r p e r o s l a y a m t a h t s e i s a r c n y s o i d i
, e s a
c a sthe autho ro fThe K tie Runner ,Khaled Hossein idescirbe sthe main
s a m i h s e b ir c s e d m s ir e n n a m s ’ ri m A . m s ir e n n a m e h t h g u o r h t l e v o n e h t n i r e t c a r a h c
a b oy who o tfen creaitng problems , from wtihou t any seirou s purpose to
l a m i n a r o e n o e m o s e s a e t o t s e v o l ri m A . e fi l s ’ ri m A s t c e ff a t i li t n u g i b g n i h t e m o s
9 2
e m o c e
b s wors tinstead .Ami rbertay sHassan by accusing him tha the steal s
r i e h t m o r f t i u q e r a i l A d n a n a s s a H n e h t d n a s k r o w t a h T . t n e s e r p y a d h tr i b s ’ ri m A
. e s u o h e h t e v a e l o t m e h t t n a w t o n s e o d a b a B e s u a c e b t a h t o d y e h T . s t n a v r e s s a b o j
m o r f n e e s e b n a c r e t c a r a h c e h t , n o it a z ir e t c a r a h c n o y r o e h t s ’ y h p r u M n o d e s a B
h t s i e h t a h
w inking (1974:161) .From the evidence below ,Amri’ scharacte ro f
.t h g u o h t s i h m o r f n e e s s i r e k a m e l b u o rt
y m d n a s tf i g f o e li p e h t m o r f h s a c f o s e p o l e v n e e h t f o e l p u o c a k o o t I n e h T
d e r e t n e d n a , d r a y e h t s s o r c , s ri a t s n w o d t n e w I . . . t u o d e o t p it d n a , h c t a w
Al iand Hassan’ s ilving quatrer sby the loqua t rtee . I il tfed Hassan’ s r e d n u s ll i b i n a h g f A f o l u f d n a h a d n a h c t a w w e n y m d e t n a l p d n a s s e rt t a m
, n i a g a e c n o e m g n i u c s e r s a w e h t e y d n a m i h d e y a rt e b d a h I w e n k e H . . . ti
7 9 : 4 0 0 2 ( e m it t s a l e h t r o f e b y a
m -98) .
.
4 Coward
s i s u o u c i p s n o c s i h c i h w r e t c a r a h c s ’ ri m
A coward .According t o Murphy ,
n e e w t e b s n o it a s r e v n o c e h t h g u o r h t n e e s e b n a c r e t c a r a h c e h t f o n o it a z ir e t c a r a h c
s ’ ri m A , e s a c s i h t n I . ) 1 6 1 : 4 7 9 1 ( s r e h t
o cowardice i sseen in the conversaiton
h a R d n a a b a B n e e w t e
b imKhan .Someday, Babaseest heneighborhoodboyst ease
. ri m
A Ami ri sonlydroppinghi sheadand alsodoe sno t ifgh tbackwhent heyt ake
. s y o t s i h
t e e rt s e h t n o g n i y a l p m i h e e s I d n a w o d n i w s i h t t u o k o o l I s e m it e m o S “
w o h e e s I .s y o b d o o h r o b h g i e n e h t h ti
w theypushhimaround,t akehist oy s
r e v e n e h , w o n k u o y , d n A . e r e h t k c a h w a , e r e h e v o h s a m i h e v i g , m i h m o r f
) 1 2 : 4 0 0 2 ( ” . . . d n a d a e h s i h s p o r d . . . t s u j e H . r e v e N . k c a b s t h g if
m i h a R d n a a b a B n e e w t e b n o it a s r e v n o c n i n e e s o s l a s i e c n e d i v e r e h t O
r i m A . n a h
K doe sno thave sel fdefense and ti i sHassan who always t ake sove r
s i h h ti w l e g n a n a i d r a u g s ’ ri m A e k il s m e e s n a s s a H . m e l b o r p a s a h r i m A n e h w
t n i a f s ’ ri m A . t o h s g n il
s -heatred i s proved when he ile s abou t the scrape on
. e c a f s ’ n a s s a H
fl e S
“ -defense ha snothing to do wtih meanness .You know wha talway s d n a n i s p e t s n a s s a H ? m i h e s a e t s y o b d o o h r o b h g i e n e h t n e h w s n e p p a h
, e m o h e m o c y e h t n e h w d n A . s e y e n w o y m h ti w t i n e e s e v ’I . ff o m e h t s d n e f
, s y a s e h d n A ’ ? e c a f s i h n o e p a r c s t a h t t e g n a s s a H d i d w o H ’ , m i h o t y a s I H
‘ ef el ldown. ’ ’Imt elilngyou ,Rahim,t herei ssomethingmissing i nt ha t )
1 2 : 4 0 0 2 ( ” . y o b
a b a B f i d i a r f a s i e h e s u a c e b g n i y l s i ri m A t a h t s w o h s e v o b a n o it a t o u q e h T
s w o n
k tha tAmri i sno tbrave t o ifght back .Whereas ,wtih hi s ile ,Amri i sseen
w o c a s a e r o
m ard person because Baba arleady know swha tactually happens .
e s u a c e b s i ti y ll a u t c a t u b n w o d s ll a f n a s s a H e s u a c e b s i e p a r c s e h t t a h t s e il r i m A
. m i h e s a e t o h w s y o b d o o h r o b h g i e n e h t m o r f m i h s p l e h n a s s a H
r f o w t s i h d n a f e s s A y b d e s a e t s i n a s s a H , e m it s i h t t
A iends ,Wal iand
t a s p e e p t s u j ri m A . f o d i a r f a e r a n a s s a H d n a r i m A o h w n o s r e p a s i f e s s A . l a m a K
s p l e h e h f i e s u a c e b d i a r f a s i ri m A . n a s s a H o t g n i o d e r a s d n e ir f s i h d n a f e s s A t a h w
a s i e h e k il s l e e f r i m A n e h T . tr u h e b l li w o h w r i m A e b y a m , e m it t a h t t a n a s s a H
t n i a f s i h c i h w r e t c a r a h c s ’ ri m A f i s e v o r p w o l e b n o it a t o u q e h T . n o s r e p d r a w o
c
f o y r o e h t y h p r u M n o d e s a b s i h c i h w r e t c a r a h c n i a m e h t f o t h g u o h t m o r f s i d e tr a e h
. n o it a z ir e t c a r a h c
o d d l u o w e h t a h w d n a f e s s A f o d i a r f a s a w I . d r a w o c a s a w I e s u a c e b n a r I
. e m o
t Iwa safraido fgetitnghu tr .Tha’t swhatI t oldmysel fasI t urnedmy 2
7 : 4 0 0 2 ( n a s s a H o t , y e ll a e h t o t k c a
b -7 3 .)
s ’ ri m
A cowardicei salso seen when Amri i sarleady mature . tI i sno tal l
e m a h s l e e f o t d i a r f a s i e h t u b , tr u h e b o t r o t h g if f o d i a r f a t u o b
a toconfes so fwha t
