iii
ABSTRAK
Latar Belakang : Karsinoma nasofaring (KNF) merupakan keganasan di daerah kepala dan leher yang selalu berada dalam kedudukan lima besar diantara keganasan bagian tubuh lain bersama dengan kanker serviks , kanker payudara, tumor ganas getah bening dan kanker kulit. Angka kejadian karsinoma nasofaring paling tinggi ditemukan di Asia dan jarang ditemukan di Amerika dan Eropa. Akan tetapi angka insiden cukup tinggi di sebagian di Eropa dan dipercaya faktor genetik dan lingkungan pencetus karsinoma nasofaring.
Metode : Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif, dimana pengumpulan data dilakukan satu kali secara total sampling berdasarkan pengamatan rekam medis pasien karsinoma nasofaring di RSUP Haji Adam Malik pada Tahun 2015.
Hasil : Hasil penelitian yang diperoleh adalah penderita karsinoma nasofaring yang paling sering ditemukan adalah dari kelompok usia 46-60 sebanyak 28 pasien (40,0%). Jenis kelamin yang paling banyak menderita karsinoma nasofaring adalah laki-laki sebanyak 49 orang (70,0%). Frekuensi penderita karsinoma nasofaring tinggi terdapat pada berpendidikan lain-lain sebanyak 49 orang (70,0%). Frekuensi keluhan utama tertinggi penderita karsinoma nasofaring adalah benjolan di leher sebanyak 45 orang (64,3%) diikuti dengan sakit kepala sebanyak 12 orang (17,1%). Tipe histopatologi yang tertinggi pada penderita karsinoma nasofaring adalah histopatologi karsinoma sel skuamosa berkeratinisasi dengan jumlah 54 orang (77,1%). Berdasarkan jenis terapi, penderita karsinoma nasofaring paling banyak mendapatkan terapi kemoterapi sebanyak 52 orang (74,3%). Stadium karsinoma pada penderita karsinoma nasofaring kebanyakan dijumpai pada stadium III sebanyak 44 orang (62,9%).
Kesimpulan : Dari hasil penelitian menunjukan bahawa pasien yang datang pada Rumah Sakit Umum Haji Adam Malik yang sering mengalami karsinoma nasofaring dari kelompok usia 46-60 tahun dengan jenis kelamin laki-laki,berpendidikan SLTA dan SLTP,keluhan utama benjolan dileher, tipe histopatologi karsinoma sel skuamosa berkeratinisasi dengan stadium 3 diberikan terapi kemoterapi.
Kata kunci : Karsinoma nasofaring, Usia, Keluhan utama, Pendidikan
iv
ABSTRACT
Background : Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is a malignancy in the head and neck are always in the position of the top five malignancies among other body parts along with cervical cancer, breast cancer, malignant tumors of the lymph and skin cancer. The incidence of nasopharyngeal carcinoma was highest in Asia and is rarely found in the United States and Europe. But the incidence rate is quite high in most of Europe and is believed to genetic and environmental factors originator of nasopharyngeal carcinoma.
Methode : This research is descriptive, where data collection is done one time in total sampling design is based on the observation of medical records of patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma in Haji Adam Malik General Centre Hospital, Medan in the year of 2015.
Results : The results obtained are patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma is the most common of the 46-60 age group 28 patients (40.0%). Gender that suffered most nasopharyngeal carcinoma is the man as much as 49 people (70.0%). Nasopharyngeal carcinoma patients with high frequency contained in the other educated as much as 49 people (70.0%). The main complaint highest frequency of nasopharyngeal carcinoma patients is a lump in the neck as many as 45 people (64.3%) followed by a bunch of headaches as many as 12 people (17.1%). Histopathological types were highest in patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma is histopathology keratinizing with a total of 54 people (77.1%). Based on the type of therapy, most patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma getting chemotherapy as many as 52 people (74.3%). Stadium carcinoma in patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma stage III were mostly found in as many as 44 people (62.9%).
Conclusion :From the results of research show that patients who came to the General Hospital Haji Adam Malik, who often suffer from nasopharyngeal carcinoma of the age group 46-60 years with male gender, and junior high school education, the main complaint bump the neck,carcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma is histopathology keratinizing with stage 3 are given chemotherapy.
Keywords : Nasopharyngeal carcinoma, Age, Main complaint, Education
