Development a Millennial Generations Based on Budi's Intellect)
2. RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
This research is library research, by using the philosophy approach. This means that this writing seeks to uncover the fundamental relationship between man, the world and God, and all three are inseparable parts of the discourse on Philosophy of Education. The references written in this study is Metodologi Penelitian Filsafat in The form of Factual Historical Research on the Text of the Manuscript.5The object of the research is the book Antologi Puisi Guru, Tentang Sebuah Buku dan Rahasia Ilmu, Gerakan Akbar 1000 Guru Asean Menulis Puisi. The book was investigated as a philosophical text. So it is not seen from literary value, or according to political or cultural meaning, but merely as far as expressing about the nature of man, the world, God, and all at once.
The first step begins by gathering literature, and then,in accordance with the object of this research, general philosophical methods are determined: Interpretation, Internal Coherence, and Holistica.Interpretation, the contents of the text are explored to capture the meanings and nuances that are intended specifically.Internal Coherence, all words and concepts, seen according to the harmony of one another. Holistica, all terms are seen in terms of the overall vision of the manuscript and the overall view and development of the mind of the author concerning humans, the world and God.To complete the analysis and obtain a philosophical message from a poetic work, the author added Edmund Husserl's phenomenological approach.
3.A. THE PHILOSOPHY OF EDUCATION VIEW ON THE GREAT MOVEMENT OF 1000 ASEAN POETRY WRITING TEACHERS
John Dewey, one of the education experts and philosophers formulating education in a pragmatic way is "education to promote growth" and in line with the views of other philosophers, Whitehead who said,‖there is only one subject for education, and that is life in all its manifestation.‖
The similarity between John Dewey and Whitehead can be upheld again when he says, "education is the acquisition of art, of the utilization of knowledge."6Mastery of science, thus it is not intended to master it or be possessed verbally, but rather emphasized how it is used for life.
For a religious expert like Jacques Maritain argues that an understanding of the nature of human beings will give birth to an understanding of the purpose of education. And then the educational goals will direct the abilities within students that must be developed.7
But we realize that the formulation of experts such as Dewey, Whitehead, and Maritain, still sees humans from one particular dimension, not seeing humans as multidimensional beings, hen we are faced with the need to be able to see humans more fully. From here, as in the view of H.A.R. Tilaar, then a view was born that wanted to formulate education as an activity for complete human development. One of the philosophy of education experts, Peters, in his book The Philosophy of Education, provide a careful view of the formula. Admittedly the whole concept of human development appears to balance the concept of education which leads to narrow specialization. A narrow specialist does not see his expertise in a comprehensive pattern of life.
Therefore, a specialist is not necessarily an educated person. According to Peters, as quoted in H.A.R. Tilaar, an educated person is a "knowledgeable" person.
To produce the quality of an educated and "knowledgeable" human as Peters intended, requires the skills of a teacherwho is able to give orientation to the values of goodness and virtue to his students.Law of the Republic of Indonesia Number 14 of 2005 concerning Teachers and Lecturers, suggests that teachers are professional educators with the main task is to educate, teach, guide, direct, train, assess and evaluate students in early childhood education in formal education, basic education.
5 Anton Bakker, Achmad Charris Zubair, Metode Penelitian Filsafat, (Yogyakarta, Kanisius, 1990) p. 72.
6 H.A.R. Tilaar, Pendidikan, Kebudayaan, dan Masyarakat Madani Indonesia,Strategi Reformasi Pendidikan Nasional, (Bandung, Rosda, 2002) p. 130.
7 H.A.R. Tilaar, Pendidikan, Kebudayaan, dan Masyarakat Madani Indonesia, p. 131
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Teachers are education staff whose main jobs are teaching who are not only oriented to skills that have the dimensions of the copyright domain, but also have a dimension of taste and intention. As a teacher, one must have the knowledge to be taught. Because it is impossible to give something to someone else if he does not own it himself. In other words, what will be taught must be mastered by the educator first, then taught to others. This condition is shared in the science of education with the personification of the personification of the teacher, and is a principal component of education.8The next domain of the learning process is students who, through the personification of the teacher, learn values and absorb them so that their lives experience significant changes towards better conditions.Cronbach give one definition: ―learning is show by a change I behavior as result of experience‖. Harold Spears give limits: ―learning is shown by observe, to read, to imitate, to try something themselves, to listen, to follow direction.‖ Geogh said:
―Learning is a change in performance as a result of practice.‖9 Of these two patterns of teacher student relations, the teaching and learning process must bring change to behavior through observing, reading, imitating, and so on.
We realize the position of the teacher who has a very significant role in the teaching and learning process. Therefore, in the framework of the breeding of the teacher's position, the author gave appreciation for what was done by AsnurThe Art House to hold a Great Movement of 1000 Asean Poetry Writing Teachers.Of course, to collect 1000 Aseanpoetry writing teachers, needed hard work extra and tireless struggle. From the philosophy of education view, this great movement, related to the meaning of the nature of education itself. The essence of education is a process of fostering the existence of students in the community, cultured, in a system of life that has local, national and global dimensions.10 Through the philosophy of education, it is recognized that the need to make people / students aware of having a strong will and directing the will that is oriented to virtue and upholding good values is recognized. Through the central role of literary teachers, the Great Movement of 1000 Asean Poetry Writing Teachers, being a nursery field made this happen for students in various schools.
The Great Movement 1000 Asean Poetry Writing Teachers, has provided open spaces for teachers 1000 in Asean to write poetry. This great movement was attended by 1000 teachers from three ASEAN countries: Indonesia, Malaysia and Brunei Darussalam.He poets were none other than teachers and lecturers from the three countries mentioned. For Asnur Art HousesAssociation, efforts to move the spirit of writing poetry among teachers have become their priority program.
Because if the teacher has the attention and ability to write poetry, not only does it contribute to stimulating the literature of the Nusantara, adding to the repertoire of poetry, especially from that it can create a climate of literature in schools so as to increase student appreciation for poetry. Thus there will be more literary programs entering the school so that it gives space for poets to introduce themselves and their work.11 Making teachers as the main mouthpiece for the teaching and learning process of literature in schools can position educators, such as those written by JamaliSahrodi, to care about the ethical and aesthetic aspects of their experiences interacting with students in addition to aspects of knowledge.12Likewise for students, when interacting with teachers who have a concern for literature, even those who are poets themselves, they will not only get knowledge about literature. But also to get good moral ideas, as well as aesthetic experiences in the learning process they lead.
What is meant by Greek philosophers is that the essence of education is that a process of
"humanizing human beings" will not be achieved if in the learning process, students are only
8Kompri, Motivasi Pembelajaran, Perspektif Guru dan Siswa, (Bandung, Rosda, 2015), p.30.
9Kompri, Motivasi Pembelajaran, Perspektif Guru dan Siswa, p. 208
10 H.A.R. Tilaar, Pendidikan, Kebudayaan, dan Masyarakat Madani Indonesia, p. 28.
11Asnur, and brothers, Antologi Puisi Guru, Tentang Sebuah Buku dan Rahasia Ilmu, Gerakan Akbar 1000 Guru Asean Menulis Puisi, (Depok, Perkumpulan Rumah Seni Asnur, 2018), p. v.
12Jamali Sahrodi, Filsafat Pendidikan Islam, p. 61.
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developed on the cognitive aspects alone. Given that humans are multidimensional beings, encompassing inner and outer dimensions, education must also be directed at developing affective dimensions by touching aspects of creativity and feeling, so that the will to give birth to a whole person, is educated and knowledgeable as Peters intended.The author thought, trough The Great Movement 1000 Asean Poetry Writing Teachers, Asnur Art House Association have opened for the inclusion of creative dimensions through the teachers to provide lessons that touch the affective aspects of students through literary learning in various schools.Asnur Art House Associationhave concern for students to transmit the creative dimension through literary activities in school.
3.B. THE BACKGROUND OF MOVEMENT
Regarding of the movement background, of course we ask first, who exactly is the originator of The Great Movement 1000 Asean Poetry Writing Teachers? Asrizal Nur, starting as Declamator, Riau Province Champion (1990), Sumatra Champion (1993) HB Jassin Cup National Champion (1996). In 2009 until now he have been begining his poetry reading with spectacular and colossal, at Graha Bhakti Budaya Taman Ismail Mazuki Jakarta, Collaboration on poetry reading with multimedia: Dance, Theater, Music, Audiovisual, with the name Asrisal Nur Multimedia Poetry Concert. His poetry was published in various national and regional media. 2 books have been published: In Kotak Debu (Sebuah Kumpulan Puisi untuk Kaum Buruh, 1998), Perlawanan Kotak Kotak Debu (Kumpulan Puisi, 2005).
From The Great Movement of 1000 Asean Poetry Writing Teachers2018, the author gave an appreciation of the high cost of an idea, like the brilliant ideas of Asrizal Nur, which if consistently embodied, also worked on by a strong team that worked professionally, would produce spectacular achievements. AsrizalNur as the leader of the Asnur Art House Association said, the idea of creating or inviting teachers in the movement of 1000 poetry writing teachers is a strategy so that poetry can also be enjoyed by the community. One of them is school. The school gate is a teacher. Teachers who have good poetry, will have students who have a high appreciation for literature.13The effort to move spirit to write poetry among teachers has been manifested for the first time by publishing the Asean Teacher Poetry Anthology Book: Musafir Ilmu, which was attended by 97teachers and lecturers Southeast Asia.14
Teacher enthusiasm to participate in the publication of the book Poetry of Anthology Anthology is extraordinary, so many teachers who have not had time or too late to send their poems because it is too late to get information about the publication of the teacher's anthology poetry book. To facilitate the enthusiastic teachers, the original plan to publish the second edition of the Teacher's Poetry Anthology book facilitated a number of 50-100 teachers. However, through committee discussions with several teachers, it developed not only 100 teachers, but it was opened wide even for 1.000 teachers.15
Thanks to the grace of Almighty God and the support of the curators, among others: Ms.
RiniIntama, Mr. Eddy Pramduane, Ms. Lily Siti Multatuliana, Srikandi Indung Sarerea, and Mr.
Firdaus HN, curator from Brunei Darussalam and support from Asean teachers, totaling more than 800 writers, the anthology of the Teacher's Poetry was published, entitled About a Book and the Secret of Science taken from the title of the poem by Mr. Badaruddin Amir, one of the authors of this book. And thank God, Poetry Anthology published in the Grand Movement of 1000 Asean Teachers Writing Poetry, in the context of 2018 Indonesian Poetry Day, succeeded in recording the MURI Record as a poetry anthology book with the most teacher writers.16
In the process of collecting poetry from the teachers, the note that the author is the author of is also a part of the movement, is the use of social media such as FB and WA that are used
13https://www.haripuisi.info/2018/09/asrizal-nur-murid-adalah-ujung-tombak.html
14Asnur, and Brothers, Antologi Puisi Guru, p. v.
15Asnur, and Brothers, Antologi Puisi Guru, p. v.
16 Asnur, and Brothers, Antologi Puisi Guru, h. v.
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massively and positively which greatly helps the smoothness of each stage, provided information through the FB account of the Asnur House of Arts Association connects the committee with the teachers, becoming better coordinated, where every new development that occurs on the committee and the teachers, can be informed reciprocally between the two parties.
We are now in a situation of massive changes, which occur because, (1)Process of democratization. After the cold war symbolically marked by the collapse of the Berlin wall and the integration of the USSR country, throughout the world there was a democratization wave that succeeded in raising increasing awareness of human rights and its responsibility to build its own community, (2) Progress in communication technology and an open world. The progress of the world of communication has cut the boundaries that isolate humans. Open society was born where there was a free flow of information, human beings, trade, and other forms of global life activities that united mankind. In the process of course there is a cultural contact. Emerging so- called global culture which in addition has positive values, also contains latent dangers. This situation certainly requires humans who are not thrown from their cultural roots. Humans must remain in a real life, in the midst of a society that has its own culture. In other words, humans in modern life need to have a strong identity. All of this requires a form of education that is appropriate and can prepare humans as citizens whose identities in an open world.17
The Great Movement of 1000 Asean Poetry Writing Teachers, who worked for 3 months (from June to September 2018),which was worked on for 3 months (from June to September 2018), clearly occurred in the community setting towards a system of life that respects the vast demands of upholding human rights, besides of course being in a situation of highly open technology society. In the midst of respect for the basic essence of human life and the construction of open society, the meaning of this movement becomes very significant to place the teacher in a very important position and role as a transformer for the lives of students to have a strong identity.
The teacher must have a broader role, not only as a teacher in a class,in the middle of a number of paradoxes. The demand for a democratic society in Indonesia has strengthened and has led to the form of an open society with high mastery and use of science and technology. However, on the other hand, they are still faced with the problem of poverty and the backwardness of society. In fact, don't get me wrong, movement figures, writers, educated people, and pioneers of independence, most of them work as teachers. Those teachers really made the Indonesian people have independence awareness.Related to this, someone who gave an introduction to the Poetry Anthology of the Teacher, Maman S. Mahayana wrote:
Even so, among the teachers themselves, awareness emerged, that their role must be more than just a teacher. Determined to become a teacher plus, teachers who also have other roles, conscious teachers to develop their potential. That awareness brings many teachers to develop their careers outside their profession dealing with students who stand in the classroom. There is awareness to provide enlightenment to the wider community.
Only in that way, a teacher who inspires his own people, and at the same time as an affirmation, that this nation must get out of adversity, ignorance, and poverty.18
Movement leaders, writers, and pioneers of Indonesian independence, half are teachers.
They develop themselves, reach a higher career, and "promote" themselves through their work and progress in the community. Maman S. Mahayana gave the example of SutanTakdirAlisyahbana who wrote his first novel, Tak Putus Dirundung Malang (1929), followed by his second novel, Dian yang Tak Kunjung Padam (1932), when he became a Junior High Schoolteacher in Palembang.
After that he moved to Jakarta, and worked at Balai Pustaka.Brothers, Sanusi and Armijn Pane, previously also been teachers, while attending school and becoming writers. The writers of
17 H.A.R. Tilaar, H.A.R. Tilaar, Pendidikan, Kebudayaan, dan Masyarakat Madani Indonesia, p. 145-146
18 Asnur, and Brothers Antologi Puisi Guru, p. viii.
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BalaiPustaka, before their names were famous as writers, in large part, worked and worked as teachers. Becoming a teacher is like a call of conscience when seeing a nation need teaching and education. Whereas being a writer is a cultural call to give enlightenment to the people of his nation.19
3.C. PHILOSOPHICAL MESSAGE
To capture the philosophical message of a poem, the author expanded the analysis using a phenomenological approach.Literature has been called a symbolic art, it derives its distinctive mediumistic character from the fact that all are elements are words, and words are not mere noises or pen marks, but noises with meaning that have to be known before the poem can be understood or appreciated.20But the meaning of the literary works sought in this paper, not from the weight of the work as a literary text. But as a philosophical text as the analysis used in this paper, which uses a philosophical approach.
Philosophy has a special place and position. Philosophy is not only limited to one field or layer of reality, but covers all fields and all dimensions studied by other sciences without conviction become the direct object of his research. Other sciences are still "special" or "regional", but philosophy is total. For example there are natural philosophy, divine philosophy, and philosophy of science.21 And for writers, of course including the philosophy of art.the existence of total characteristics in philosophy and not specialized in one field of scientific work, making philosophy wide open, the author thinks, for the discussion of philosophy of art, especially related to the art of poetry which is the focus of discussion in this paper, especially for the field of poetry dissected thoroughly, as far as the relationship between humans, the world, and God is concerned.
To capture the philosophical message of a poetry work, the poetry work must be seen from one continuity in one totality, and the overall view can also be called totalization. Whitehead uses the organic mind word, for this word totalization. Husserl talks about Aussenhorizont: phenomena must be seen in their horizons, essence or eidos, according to Husserl, not only includes the core and the essential qualities, but also all transcendental relations with others.The transcendental I do not translate this poem into English and keep it in Indonesianrelationship between humans, the world, and God, which I then sought, in one of the poems from the Great Movement of 1000 AseanPoetry Writing Teachers and became the title of a book published later. The full title of the book is: Antologi Puisi Guru, Tentang Sebuah Buku dan Rahasia Ilmu, Gerakan Akbar 1000 Guru Asean Menulis Puisi.His poem is one of the 800 poems that exist, and the title is part of the title of his own book. His poetry was the work of Badaruddin Amir, a poet from Sulawesi, and was born in Barru, May 4, 1962. The title of his poem, Tentang Sebuah Buku dan Rahasia Ilmu.I do not translate this poem into English and keep it in Indonesian language.
TENTANG SEBUAH BUKU DAN RAHASIA ILMU bagaimana kau
membaca sebuah buku hingga selesai jika pada awal halaman telah bertikai antara vocal dan konsonan sengau yang membuatmu galau
kau mengkaji buku tapi tak selasai-selesai
bahkan sebuah titikpun tak lagi berarti
19 Asnur, and Brothers, Antologi Puisi Guru, p. ix.
20 John Hospers, Philosophy of The Art, in Paul Edward, The Encyclopedia of Philosophy, Vol. 1 and 2 (London-Newyork, Macmillan Publising Co and Free Press & Collier Macmillan), p. 41.
21 Bakker, Zubair, Metodologi Penelitian Filsafat, p. 35