ﻩﺭﻭﺩ ،ﻥﺍﺮﻳﺍ ﻲﺣﺍﺮﺟ ﻪﻳﺮﺸﻧ ۱۶
ﻩﺭﺎﻤﺷ ، ۲ ﻝﺎﺳ ، ۱۳۸۷
* ﺝ
دﺎـﺘﺳا ﻲﺣاﺮﺟ هوﺮﮔ ﻲﻣﻮﻤﻋ
هﺎﮕﺸﻧاد ، نﺎﻬﻔﺻا ﻲﻜﺷﺰﭘ مﻮـﻠﻋ ،
ﻲﻣﻮﻤﻋ ﻲﺣاﺮﺟ ﺶﺨﺑ ،نﺎﻬﻔﺻا ءاﺮﻫﺰﻟا نﺎﺘﺳرﺎﻤﻴﺑ ﻮـﮕﺨﺳﺎﭘ ةﺪﻨﺴﻳﻮﻧ
: ﺮﺘﻛد ﻬﻣ ـ دادﺮ ﻦﻴﺴﺣ رﻮﭘ
رﺎﻳدﺎـﺘﺳا**
ﻲﺣاﺮﺟ هوﺮﮔ ﻲﻣﻮﻤﻋ
هﺎﮕﺸﻧاد ، ﻲﻜﺷﺰﭘ مﻮـﻠﻋ ﺎﺷﺎﻛ
ن ، ،ﻲﺘﺸﻬﺑ ﺪﻴﻬﺷ نﺎﺘﺳرﺎﻤﻴﺑ ﺶﺨﺑ
ﻲﻣﻮﻤﻋ ﻲﺣاﺮﺟ ﻦﻔﻠﺗ
: 5550026 - 0361
لﻮﺻو ﺦﻳرﺎﺗ : 14 / 07 / 1386 Email: meh_hosseinpour @Yahoo.com
شﺮﻳﺬﭘ ﺦﻳرﺎﺗ :
20 / 05 / 1387
درﻮﻣ هد نﺎﻣرد ﺞﻳﺎﺘﻧ و ﻲﻨﻴﻟﺎﺑ يﺎﻤﻴﺳ رد ﻚﻴﺗﺎﻣوﺮﺗ ﻲﺴﻜﻴﻔﺳآ
نﺎﺘﺳرﺎﻤﻴﺑ نﺎﻬﻔﺻا ﻲﺷزﻮﻣآ يﺎﻫ
ﺮﺘﻛد داﺪﻬﺑ ﺮﺒﻛا ﺮﺘﻛد ،
*ﻬﻣ ـ ﺴﺣ ﺩﺍﺩﺮ ﻴ
ﻦ
**
ﺭﻮﭘ
ﻭ ﻩﮊﺍ ﻱﺪﻴﻠﻛ ﻱﺎﻫ :
ﻲﻨﻴﻟﺎﺑ ﻢﺋﻼﻋ ،ﻲﺴﮑﻴﻔﺳﺁ ،ﺎﻣﻭﺮﺗ
ﻨﻴﻣز ﻪ فﺪﻫ و
ﻲﺴﻜﻴﻔﺳآ ﺗ
ـ
ـﺳ رد رﺎـﺑ ﻦﻴـﻟوا ياﺮـﺑ ﻚﻴﺗﺎﻣوﺮ ـ
لﺎ 1837
ﺳﻮﺗ ـ Ollivier ﻂ ﻴﺻﻮﺗ
ـ ﮔ ﻒ ـ ﺪﻳدﺮ
1. ـﺳا ترﺎﺒﻋ مرﺪﻨﺳ ﻦﻳا ـ
ﺖ
ﻤﺠﻣ زا ـ ﻪﻋﻮ ﺒﻧد ﻪﺑ ﻪﻛ ﻲﻨﻴﻟﺎﺑ ﻢﺋﻼﻋ زا يا ـ
ـﺸﻓ ثداﻮﺣ لﺎ ـ
هﺪﻧرﺎ
ﻓﺎﻧ ﺮﻴﻏ ـ ﻴﺣﺎﻧ رد ﺬ ـ
ﺴﻔﻗ ﻪ ﺔ و ﻪﻨﻴـﺳ
ـﻠﮔ رﻮـﻀﺣ رد ﻢﻜـﺷ ـ
تﻮ
ﺠﻳا ﻪﺘﺴﺑ ـ ﻲﻣ دﺎ ﺷ ـ ﺪﻧﻮ
2.
و
ﺐـﺴﺣ ﺮـﺑ ﻚـﻴﺗﺎﻣوﺮﺗ ﻲـﺴﻜﻴﻔﺳآ3
ﺷ ـ ﺛدﺎﺣ تﺪ ـ ﻲﻣ ﻪ ﺗ ـ ـﻴﺳآ ﺎﺑ ﺪﻧاﻮ ـ
ﺐ
ـﻤﻫ يﺎـﻫ ـ
ـﻴﻟوا هاﺮ ـ ﺎـﻳ ﻪ
ــﻳد ـ سرﺮ ﺪــﺷﺎﺑ هاﺮــﻤﻫ
4. ﺖﺧﺎﻨــﺷ تروﺮــﺿ ﻪــﺑ ﻪــﺟﻮﺗ ﺎــﺑ
نارﺎـﻜﻤﻫ ﻂـﺳﻮﺗ نآ تاﺮﻄﺧ و مرﺪﻨﺳ ﻦﻳا يژﻮﻟﻮﻳﺰﻴﻓﻮﺗﺎﭘ
5، رد
ﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣ ﺔ ﺮﺿﺎﺣ هد راﺮـﻗ ﻲـﺳرﺮﺑ درﻮـﻣ مرﺪﻨﺳ ﻦﻳا ﻪﺑ ﻼﺘﺒﻣ رﺎﻤﻴﺑ
ﺪﻨﺘﻓﺮﮔ .
ﻩﺪﻴﻜﭼ :
ﺯ ﻣ ﻨﻴ ﻪ ﻑﺪﻫ ﻭ : ﺮﺿﺎﺣ ﺔﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣ ﺭﺩ ﻩﺩ
ﺭﺎﻤﻴﺑ ﻣ ﮏﻴﺗﺎﻣﻭﺮﺗ ﻲﺴﮑﻴﻔﺳﺁ ﻡﺭﺪﻨﺳ ﻪﺑ ﻼﺘﺒﻣ ـ
ﻗ ﻲﺳﺭﺮﺑ ﺩﺭﻮ ـ
ﺭﺩﺎﻧ ﻡﺭﺪﻨﺳ ﻦﻳﺍ ﺪﻣﺎﻴﭘ ﻭ ﻞﻠﻋ ،ﻲﻨﻴﻟﺎﺑ ﺕﺎﻴﺻﻮﺼﺧ ﻭ ﻪﺘﻓﺮﮔ ﺭﺍﺮ
ﺖﺳﺍ ﻩﺪﺷ ﻪﺋﺍﺭﺍ .
ﺵﻭﺭ ﻭ ﺩﺍﻮﻣ ﺎﻫ
: ﺑ ﻦﻳﺍ ﺭﺩ ـ ﻲﺳﺭﺮ
، ﻤﻴﺑ ﻩﺩ ـ ﻋ ﻪﺑ ﻼﺘﺒﻣ ﺭﺎ ـ
ﺴﮑﻴﻔﺳﺁ ﻢﺋﻼ ـ
ﺗ ﻲ ـ ﻴﺗﺎﻣﻭﺮ ـ ﺑ ﮏ ـ ﺷ ﻲﺳﺭﺮ ـ ﺪﻧﺪ . ﻤﺟ ﺕﺎﻋﻼﻃﺍ ـ
ﻊ ﻣﺎﺷ ﻩﺪﺷ ﻱﺭﻭﺁ ـ
ﺴﻴﻧﺎﮑﻣ ،ﻦﺳ ،ﺲﻨﺟ ﻞ ـ
ﻢ
ﺣ ـﺎ ﻋ ،ﻪﺛﺩ ـ ﻨﻴﻟﺎﺑ ﻢﺋﻼ ـ ﻴﺳﺁ ،ﻲ ـ ﺐ ﻤﻫ ﻱﺎﻫ ـ
،ﻩﺍﺮ ﻣﺭﺩ ﻉﻮﻧ ـ ﺠﻧﺍ ﻥﺎ ـ ﺷ ﻡﺎ ـ ﻣ ،ﻩﺪ ـ ﺘﺴﺑ ﺕﺪ ـ ﻣﺎﻴﭘ ﻭ ﻱﺮ ـ ﺩﻮﺑ ﻡﺭﺪﻨﺳ ﺪ .
ﻪﺘﻓﺎﻳ ﺎﻫ : ﺴﻨﺟ ﻅﺎﺤﻟ ﺯﺍ ﻲ
، ﺑ ﺖﺸﻫ ﻴ ﻭ ﺮﮐﺬﻣ ﺭﺎﻤ ﺑ ﻭﺩ
ﻴ ﻣ ﺭﺎﻤ ـ ﺆ ﺪﻧﺩﻮﺑ ﺚﻧ . ﻨﻣﺍﺩ ﺔ ﻨﺳ ﻲ ﺑﻴ ﻤ ـ ﺯﺍ ﻥﺍﺭﺎ ۴ ﺎﺗ ۵۶ ﻐﺘﻣ ﻝﺎﺳ ﻴ ﺩﻮﺑ ﺮ . ﻧﺎﮑﻣ ﻴ ﺳﺁ ﻢﺴ ﻴ ﺭﺩ ﺐ ﻳ ﻭ ﻪﻟﺰﻟﺯ ﺩﺭﻮﻣ ﮏ ﺭﺍﺮﻗ
ﺯ ﻦﺘﻓﺮﮔ ﻳ ،ﺭﺍﻭﺁ ﺮ ﺭﺩ ﻳ ﮔ ﺩﺭﻮﻣ ﮏ ﻴ
ﮐ ﺮ ـ ﺯ ﺭﺩ ﻥﺩﺮ ﻳ ﺒﻣﻮﺗﺍ ﺮ ﻴ
،ﻞ ﻣ ﺞﻨﭘ ﺭﺩ ـ ﺒﻣﻮﺗﺍ ﺎﺑ ﻑﺩﺎﺼﺗ ﺩﺭﻮ ﻴ
ﮕﻨﺳ ﻢﺴﺟ ﺖﺑﺎﺻﺍ ﺩﺭﻮﻣ ﻭﺩ ﺭﺩ ،ﻞ ﻴ
ﺭﺩ ﻭ ﻥﺪﺑ ﻪﺑ ﻦ ﻳ
ﻧ ﺮﻔﻧ ﮏ ﻴ ﺭﺍﺮﻗ ﺰ
ﺯ ﻦﺘﻓﺮﮔ ﻳ ﺩﻮﺑ ﺭﺍﻭﺁ ﺮ . ﻤﺗ ﺭﺩ ـ ﺑ ﻡﺎ ﻴ ﺗﺎﻤﻫ ﻥﺍﺭﺎﻤ ـ
،ﻪﻤﺤﺘﻠﻣ ﻡﻮ ﻡﺩﺍ
، ﺸﺘﭘ ﻲ ﺍﺭﻮﭘﺭﻮﭘ ﻭ ﻱ ﺖﺷﺍﺩ ﺩﻮﺟﻭ ﻥﺩﺮﮔ ﻭ ﺮﺳ .
ﺑ ﻭﺩ ﺭﺩ ﻴ ﺳﺁ ﺭﺎﻤ ﻴ ﮕﺘﺴﮑﺷ ﺩﺭﻮﻣ ﻪﺳ ،ﺪﺒﮐ ﺐ ﻲ
ﺩ
،ﻩﺪﻧ ﻭﺩ
ﻣ ـ ﮔﺭﺎﭘ ﺩﺭﻮ ﻲ ﺩ ﻳ ﻭ ﻢﮔﺍﺮﻓﺎ ﻳ ﮔﺪﺷﺍﺪﺟ ﺩﺭﻮﻣ ﮏ ﻲ
ﺑﻮﭘ ﻴ ﺖﺷﺍﺩ ﺩﻮﺟﻭ ﺲ .
ﻣ ـ ﺘﺴﺑ ﺕﺪ ـ ﺮ ﻱ ﺑﻴ ﻤ ـ ﺯﺍ ﻥﺍﺭﺎ ۴ ﺎﺗ ۲۷ ﻐﺘﻣ ﺯﻭﺭ ﻴ ﺩﻮﺑ ﺮ . ﻫ ﻴ ﭻ ﻳ ﺑ ﺯﺍ ﮏ ﻴ ﻤ ـ ﻥﺍﺭﻭﺩ ﺭﺩ ﻪﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣ ﺩﺭﻮﻣ ﻥﺍﺭﺎ
ﺮﺘﺴﺑ ﻱ ﺑ ﺭﺩ ﻴ ﺪﻧﺩﺮﮑﻧ ﺕﻮﻓ ﻥﺎﺘﺳﺭﺎﻤ .
ﻪﺠﻴﺘﻧ ﻴﮔ ـ ﻱﺮ : ﻔﺳﺁ ﻡﺭﺪﻨﺳ ﻴ ﺴﮑ ﻲ ﺗﺎﻣﻭﺮﺗ ﻴ ﮏ ﻳ ﻟﻭ ﺭﺩﺎﻧ ﻡﺭﺪﻨﺳ ﮏ ﻲ
ﺑ ﻪﮐ ﻩﺩﻮﺑ ﻢﻬﻣ ﻪ
ﻝﺎﺒﻧﺩ ﺎﻣﻭﺮﺗ ﻱ ﻏ ﻴـ ﺴﻔﻗ ﺬﻓﺎﻧ ﺮ ﺔ ﺳ ﻴ ﻭ ﻪﻨ ﮑﺷ ـ ﺍ ﻢ ﻳ ﻣ ﺩﺎﺠ ﻲ ﺎﺑ ﻭ ﺩﻮﺷ ﻳ ﺨﺸﺗ ﻪﺑ ﺪ ﻴ ﺺ
ﻟﻭﺍ ﻴ ﻭ ﻪ ﺖﺷﺍﺩ ﻪﺟﻮﺗ ﻥﺁ ﻥﺎﻣﺭﺩ .
ﺍﻳ ﻣ ﻡﺭﺪﻨﺳ ﻦ ﻲ ﺑ ﺪﻧﺍﻮﺗ ﺎ ﺳﺁ ﻴ ﺎﺳ ﺐ ﻳ ﻥﺎﮔﺭﺍ ﺮ ﻤﻫ ﺎﻫ ـ ﺪﺷﺎﺑ ﻩﺍﺮ .
ﺮﺘﻛﺩ ﻬﺑ ﺮﺒﮐﺍ ـ ﺩﺍﺪ ـ ﺩﺭﻮﻣ ﻩﺩ ﻥﺎﻣﺭﺩ ﺞﻳﺎﺘﻧ ﻭ ﻲﻨﻴﻟﺎﺑ ﺎﻤﻴﺳ ...
ﻣ ـ شور و داﻮ ﺎﻫ
ﻪﺘﺷﺬﮔ ﻲﺳرﺮﺑ ﻦﻳا رد هﺪﻧوﺮﭘ ﻪﻴﻠﻛ ﺮﮕﻧ
ﻦـﻳا ﻪـﺑ طﻮﺑﺮﻣ يﺎﻫ
نﺎﺘﺳرﺎﻤﻴﺑ زا مرﺪﻨﺳ ﻪﺘﺴﺑاو ﻲﺷزﻮﻣآ يﺎﻫ
مﻮـﻠﻋ هﺎﮕـﺸﻧاد ﻪـﺑ
ﺖـﻓﺮﮔ راﺮـﻗ ﻲـﺳرﺮﺑ درﻮﻣ نﺎﻬﻔﺻا ﻲﻜﺷﺰﭘ .
ﺺﻴﺨـﺸﺗ دراﻮـﻣ
هﺪﻧوﺮﭘ ندﻮﺑ ﻞﻣﺎﻛﺎﻧ ﺎﻳ و كﻮﻜﺸﻣ
ﺪـﻧﺪﻳدﺮﮔ جرﺎـﺧ ﻪﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣ زا ﺎﻫ .
سﺎﺳا ﺮﺑ ﻲﻌﻄﻗ ﺺﻴﺨﺸﺗ كﻼﻣ و رﺎـﻤﻴﺑ ﺮﻫﺎﻇ ﻒﻴﺻﻮﺗ
تﺎـﻨﻳﺎﻌﻣ
دﻮﺑ ﻲﻨﻴﻟﺎﺑ .
ﻧوﺮﭘ ﺮﻫ زا ﺪ
ﺲﻨﺟ ﻞﻣﺎﺷ تﺎﻋﻼﻃا ه
، ﻦـﺳ
، ﻢـﺴﻴﻧﺎﻜﻣ
ﻪﺛدﺎﺣ
، ﻲﻨﻴﻟﺎﺑ ﻢﺋﻼﻋ
، ﺐﻴﺳآ يﺎـﻫ هاﺮـﻤﻫ
،
نﺎـﻣرد عﻮـﻧ
، تﺪـﻣ
ﺪﻳدﺮﮔ ﺺﺨﺸﻣ مرﺪﻨﺳ ﺪﻣﺎﻴﭘ و يﺮﺘﺴﺑ .
ﻪﺘﻓﺎﻳ ﺎﻫ
ﻣ رد هد ،ﺮﺿﺎﺣ ﺔﻌﻟﺎﻄ ﻲـﺴﻜﻴﻔﺳآ ﻲـﻌﻄﻗ ﺺﻴﺨـﺸﺗ ﺎﺑ رﺎﻤﻴﺑ
ﺪﻧﺪﺷ ﻲﺳرﺮﺑ ﻚﻴﺗﺎﻣوﺮﺗ .
ود و ﺮﻛﺬﻣ رﺎﻤﻴﺑ ﺖﺸﻫ ﻲﺴﻨﺟ ظﺎﺤﻟ زا
ﻣ رﺎﻤﻴﺑ ﺆ ﺪﻧدﻮﺑ ﺚﻧ .
ﻨﻣاد ﺔ زا نارﺎﻤﻴﺑ ﻲﻨﺳ 4
ﺎﺗ 56 دﻮﺑ ﺮﻴﻐﺘﻣ لﺎﺳ
ﺮﻳز ﺎﻬﻧآ زا ﺮﻔﻧ ﺞﻨﭘ و 30
ـﺳ لﺎـﺳ ﺪﻨﺘـﺷاد ﻦ
. ﻲﻨـﺳ ﻦﻴﮕﻧﺎـﻴﻣ
نارﺎﻤﻴﺑ 16 دﻮﺑ لﺎﺳ . و ﻪﻟﺰﻟز درﻮﻣ ﻚﻳ رد ﺐﻴﺳآ ﻢﺴﻴﻧﺎﻜﻣ راﺮـﻗ
،ﻞﻴﺒﻣﻮﺗا ﺮﻳز رد ندﺮﻛ ﺮﻴﮔ درﻮﻣ ﻚﻳ رد ،راوآ ﺮﻳز ﻦﺘﻓﺮﮔ ﺞﻨﭘ رد
ﻪـﺑ ﻦﻴﮕﻨـﺳ ﻢـﺴﺟ ﺖﺑﺎﺻا درﻮﻣ ود رد ،ﻞﻴﺒﻣﻮﺗا ﺎﺑ فدﺎﺼﺗ درﻮﻣ دﻮﺑ راوآ ﺮﻳز ﻦﺘﻓﺮﮔ راﺮﻗ ﺰﻴﻧ ﺮﻔﻧ ﻚﻳ رد و نﺪﺑ .
نارﺎـﻤﻴﺑ مﺎﻤﺗ رد
ﺗﺎﻤﻫ دﻮـﺟو ندﺮـﮔ و ﺮـﺳ يارﻮـﭘرﻮﭘ و ﻲﺸﺘﭘ و ﻪﻤﺤﺘﻠﻣ ﺮﻳز مﻮ
ﺖﺷاد . ارﻮـﭘرﻮﭘ و ﻲـﺸﺘﭘ ﻞﻣﺎﺷ نارﺎﻤﻴﺑ رد دﻮﺟﻮﻣ ﻲﻨﻴﻟﺎﺑ ﻢﺋﻼﻋ
) 6 ﺮﻔﻧ ( ترﻮﺻ و ﺮﺳ مدا ، )
3 ﺮـﻔﻧ ( ﻪـﻤﺤﺘﻠﻣ مﻮﺗﺎـﻤﻫ ، )
5 ﺮـﻔﻧ ( ،
ﺖﻴﺑروا فاﺮﻃا مﻮﺗﺎﻤﻫ )
3 ﺮﻔﻧ ( سﻮﻤﻟﺎﺘﻓوﺰﮔا ، )
1 ﺮـﻔﻧ ( ﻚـﻣدﺮﻣ ،
سﻮﻛرﺎﻣ نﺎﮔ ) 1 ﺮﻔﻧ ( يرﺎﻴﺷﻮﻫ ﺢﻄﺳ لﻼﺘﺧا ، )
4 ﺮﻔﻧ ( ﻲـﺷﻮﻬﻴﺑ ،
) 1 ﺮﻔﻧ ( ﺖﺳار يﺎﭘ ﺞﻠﻓ و )
1 ﺮﻔﻧ ( دﻮﺑ .
دﻮـﺑ ﻪﺘﻓﺮﮔ مﺎﺠﻧا ﻲﺘﻳﺎﻤﺣ ترﻮﺻ ﻪﺑ نﺎﻣرد ،رﺎﻤﻴﺑ ﺖﻔﻫ رد
،
ﺖﺒﻗاﺮﻣ ﺶﺨﺑ ﻪﺑ زﺎﻴﻧ رﺎﻤﻴﺑ درﻮﻣ ﻚﻳ رد هﮋﻳو يﺎﻫ
و دﺮـﻛ اﺪﻴﭘ ود
ﻤﻴﺑ ـ نﺎﮔرا ﺐﻴﺳآ ﺖﻠﻋ ﻪﺑ ﺰﻴﻧ رﺎ ﻲﻣﻮﺗورﺎـﭘﻻ ﻢﻜـﺷ ﻞـﺧاد يﺎﻫ
ﺪﻧدﻮﺑ هﺪﺷ .
قﻮﻓ رﺎﻤﻴﺑ ود ﺮﻫ رد د ﻲﮔرﺎـﭘ ﺮﻛﺬﻟا
بﻮـﻟ و ﻢﮔاﺮﻓﺎـﻳ
دﻮـﺑ هﺪـﻳدﺮﮔ ﻢﻴﻣﺮﺗ ﻪﻛ ﻪﺘﺷاد دﻮﺟو ﺪﺒﻛ ﭗﭼ .
يﺮﺘـﺴﺑ تﺪـﻣ
زا نارﺎﻤﻴﺑ 4
ﺎﺗ 27 دﻮـﺑ ﺮﻴﻐﺘﻣ زور .
تﺪـﻣ رﺎـﻤﻴﺑ ﻚـﻳ رد ﺎـﻬﻨﺗ
يﺮﺘﺴﺑ 27 دﻮﺑ زور .
ـﺑ رﺎـﻤﻴﺑ ﻦـﻳا ﻪ
رﺎـﭼد ﻲﻣﻮﺗورﺎـﭘﻻ لﺎـﺒﻧد
ﺪﻳدﺮﮔ ﺲﻛارﻮﺗﻮﻣﻮﻨﭘ ﻪﻨﭘ ﻲﻛﺎﺗ ﺖﻠﻋ ﻪﺑ و
و يو ياﺮـﺑ ﻪـﻨﭘ ﺲﻳد
ﺴﻔﻗ ﻪﻟﻮﻟ ﺔ ﺪـﺷ ﻪﺘﺷاﺬﮔ يرﺪﺻ .
ﺑ ﻦـﻳا يراﺪـﻳﺎﭘ زا ﺲـﭘ رﺎـﻤﻴ
هﺮﻬﻣ ﻲﮕﺘﺴﻜﺷ ﺖﻠﻋ ﻪﺑ ﻲﻨﻴﻟﺎﺑ ﺖﻴﻌﺿو ﻞـﻤﻋ ﺖـﺤﺗ يﺮﻤﻛ يﺎﻫ
زا ﺲﭘ ﺖﻳﺎﻬﻧ رد و ﻪﺘﻓﺮﮔ ﻲﺣاﺮﺟ 27
زا بﻮﺧ ﻲﻣﻮﻤﻋ لﺎﺣ ﺎﺑ زور دﻮﺑ هﺪﺷ ﺺﻴﺧﺮﺗ نﺎﺘﺳرﺎﻤﻴﺑ
. ﺐﻴﺳآ ﻞﻣﺎﺷ نارﺎﻤﻴﺑ رد هاﺮﻤﻫ يﺎﻫ
ﮕﺘﺴﻜﺷ ـ هﺪﻧد ﻲ ) 3 ﺮﻔﻧ ( ﺪﺒﻛ ﻲﮔرﺎﭘ ، )
2 ﺮﻔﻧ ( ﻢﮔاﺮﻓﺎـﻳد ﻲﮔرﺎﭘ ،
) 2 ﺮﻔﻧ ( ﻳﻼﻓ ﻲﮕﺘﺴﻜﺷ ، ﻞ
) 1 ﺮﻔﻧ ( كﻮﺷ و ) 1 ﺮﻔﻧ ( دﻮﺑ .
ﭻﻴﻫ رد يﺮﺘـﺴﺑ نارود رد ﻪـﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣ درﻮـﻣ نارﺎـﻤﻴﺑ زا ﻚﻳ
زا بﻮـﺧ ﻲﻣﻮـﻤﻋ لﺎـﺣ ﺎـﺑ ﺎـﻬﻧآ مﺎﻤﺗ و هدﺮﻜﻧ تﻮﻓ نﺎﺘﺳرﺎﻤﻴﺑ ﺪﻧدﻮﺑ هﺪﺷ ﺺﻴﺧﺮﺗ نﺎﺘﺳرﺎﻤﻴﺑ .
ﺚﺤﺑ ﻪﺠﻴﺘﻧ و يﺮـﻴﮔ
ﻪـﻋﻮﻤﺠﻣ زا ﺖـﺳا ترﺎـﺒﻋ ﻚـﻴﺗﺎﻣوﺮﺗ ﻲﺴﻜﻴﻔﺳآ مرﺪﻨﺳ ﺑ ﻪﻛ ﻲﻤﺋﻼﻋ ﻪ
ـﺴﻔﻗ ﺬﻓﺎﻧ ﺮﻴﻏ يﺎﻣوﺮﺗ لﺎﺒﻧد ﺔ
رد ﻢﻜـﺷو ﻪﻨﻴـﺳ
ﻲﻣ دﺎﺠﻳا ﻪﺘﺴﺑ تﻮﻠﮔ رﻮﻀﺣ دﻮﺷ
6. ﺖـﻠﻋ ﻪﺑ مرﺪﻨﺳ ﻦﻳا ﻲﻃ رد
ﺴﻔﻗ رد دﻮﺟﻮﻣ رﺎﺸﻓ ﺔ
ﻖـﻳﺮﻃ زا نﻮـﺧ ﺪﻳﺮﮔوﺮﺗر نﺎﻳﺮﺟ يرﺪﺻ
ﻪﭽﻳرد نوﺪﺑ يﺎﻫﺪﻳرو
7 و
و ﻲـﺸﺘﭘ ،مرﻮـﺗ ﺚﻋﺎﺑ ندﺮﮔ و ﺮﺳ رد8
ﻲﻣ ندﺮﮔ و ترﻮﺻ نﺪﺷ ﻚﻴﺗﻮﻧﺎﻴﺳ دﻮﺷ
. ﻂـﺧ ﺖـﻟﺎﺣ ﻦـﻳا رد
ﺗﻮﻧﺎﻴـﺳ ﺮـﻴﻏ و ﻚﻴﺗﻮﻧﺎﻴـﺳ ﻪـﻴﺣﺎﻧ ﻦﻴـﺑ ﻲﺤﺿاو دﻮﻬـﺸﻣ ﻚﻴ
ﻲﻣ ددﺮﮔ
9. ﺖـﺷاد دﻮﺟو ﻢﺋﻼﻋ ﻦﻳا ﻪﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣ درﻮﻣ نارﺎﻤﻴﺑ مﺎﻤﺗ رد
ًﺎﺒﻳﺮﻘﺗ ﻪﻛ ﻲﻣ مرﺪﻨﺳ ﺺﻴﺨﺸﺗ ﺖﻬﺟ ﻲﺑﻮﺧ ﻪﻧﺎﺸﻧ
ﺪـﺷﺎﺑ . ﻢـﺋﻼﻋ
،اﺮﻠﻜﺳا و ﻪﻤﺤﺘﻠﻣ ﻲﻧﻮﺧﺮﭘ ﻞﻣﺎﺷ مرﺪﻨﺳ ﻲﻤﺸﭼ
،سﻮﻤﻟﺎﺘﻓوﺰﮔا
ﻲﻣ ﺪﻳد لﻼﺘﺧا و ﺖﻴﺑروا فاﺮﻃا مدا ﺪﺷﺎﺑ
10. درﻮـﻣ نارﺎـﻤﻴﺑ مﺎﻤﺗ
ﻴﻘﺤﺗ ﻦﻳا ﻪﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣ ـ
ﻳﺮﻧﻮﺧ ،ﻖ
،ﺪﻨﺘﺷاد ﻪﻤﺤﺘﻠﻣ يﺰ ﻚـﻳ ﺎـﻬﻨﺗ ﻲﻟو
ﮔا رﺎﭼد ﺮﻔﻧ ـ
دﻮﺑ هﺪﻳدﺮﮔ ﻲﻤﻟﺎﺘﻓوﺰ .
ﻞﻣﺎـﺷ مرﺪﻨﺳ ﻲﺒﺼﻋ ﻢﺋﻼﻋ
ﻪﻜﺒـﺷ ﺞـﻠﻓ و ﻲﻋﺎـﺨﻧ بﺎـﻨﻃ مرﺪﻨﺳ ،يرﺎﻴﺷﻮﻫ ﺖﻗﻮﻣ ﺶﻫﺎﻛ لﺎﻴﻛاﺮﺑ ﻲﻣ11
ﺪﺷﺎﺑ . ﻲـﺷﻮﻬﻴﺑ رﺎﭼد رﺎﻤﻴﺑ ﻚﻳ ﺎﻬﻨﺗ ﻲﺳرﺮﺑ ﻦﻳا رد
ﺖﺳا هدﻮﺑ دورو وﺪﺑ رد .
ﺐﻴﺳآ
ًﺎﺗﺪـﻤﻋ ﺰـﻴﻧ مرﺪﻨﺳ ﺎﺑ هاﺮﻤﻫ يﺎﻫ
ﺘﺴﻜﺷ ﻞﻣﺎــﺷ ــﮕ
ـ هﺪــﻧد ﻲ
، ﻪــﻳر نﻮــﻳزﻮﺘﻨﻛ و ﺲﻛارﻮــﺗﻮﻣﻮﻨﭘ
ﻲﻣ ﺪﺷﺎﺑ . ﺘﺸﻴﺑ ـ ﻳﺮ ﻦ ﻊﺑﺎـﻨﻣ ﻲﺳرﺮﺑ رد مرﺪﻨﺳ ﻦﻳا ﻪﺑ طﻮﺑﺮﻣ رﺎﻣآ
ﻚﻧﺎﺑ رد دﻮﺟﻮﻣ
درﺎـﻴﺑ ﻪـﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣ ﻪـﺑ طﻮـﺑﺮﻣ ﻲﺗﺎـﻋﻼﻃا يﺎـﻫ و12
ﻧارﺎﻜﻤﻫ
،ﺶ لﺎﺳ رد 2006 ﻲـﻣ ـﺷﺎﺑ ـ ﺪ . رد آ ﻚـﻳ رد ﻪـﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣ ن
ﻪﺘﺷﺬﮔ ﻲﺳرﺮﺑ ﺮﮕﻧ
25 ﻪﻟﺎﺳ
، ﻌﺗ ـ داﺪ 79 مرﺪﻨـﺳ ﻦـﻳا زا درﻮـﻣ
ﺎﺳﺎﻨﺷ ﺖﺳا هﺪﺷ ﻲﻳ .
ﻦـﻳا ﺖـﻠﻋ ﻦﻳﺮﺘﻌﻳﺎـﺷ ﺰـﻴﻧ ﻪﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣ ﻦﻳا رد
ﻣ ﻪﻴﻠﻘﻧ ﻞﻳﺎﺳو ثداﻮﺣ مرﺪﻨﺳ ـ
و ﺖـﺳا هدﻮـﺑ يرﻮﺗﻮ ﺎـﺘﻧ
ﻳ نآ ﺞ
ﻲﻣ ﺮﺿﺎﺣ ﻪﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣ ﻪﺑﺎﺸﻣ ﺪﺷﺎﺑ
.
ﻲﻣ ﺮﻈﻧ ﻪﺑ عﻮﻤﺠﻣ رد ﻲـﺴﻜﻴﻔﺳآ مرﺪﻨﺳ دراﻮﻣ رد ﻪﻛ ﺪﺳر
ﻪﺘﻓﺎﻳ ﻢﻏﺮﻴﻠﻋ ﻚﻴﺗﺎﻣوﺮﺗ ﻪـﺋارا ترﻮـﺻ رد ﺪﻳﺪـﺷ ﻲﻨﻴﻟﺎـﺑ يﺎﻫ
ﻊﻗﻮﻣ ﻪﺑ و ﺢﻴﺤﺻ ﺖﺒﻗاﺮﻣ و نﺎﻣرد
، رﺎـﻈﺘﻧا ناﻮﺘﺑ ار ﻲﺑﻮﺧ ﺪﻣﺎﻴﭘ
ﺖﺷاد .
ﻩﺭﻭﺩ ،ﻥﺍﺮﻳﺍ ﻲﺣﺍﺮﺟ ﻪﻳﺮﺸﻧ ۱۶
ﻩﺭﺎﻤﺷ ، ۲ ﻝﺎﺳ ، ۱۳۸۷
Abstract:
Clinical Appearance and Results of the Treatment of Ten Cases of Traumatic Asphyxia in Isfahan Educational Hospitals
Behdad A. MD*, Hoseinpour M. MD**
Introduction & Objective: Traumatic asphyxia is a commonly used designation of a rare syndrome related to severe compressive trauma to the thorax. In this study we report ten cases of this syndrome.
Materials & Methods: In evaluation ten patients were seen exhibiting the stigmata of traumatic asphyxia. Data consisting of sex, age, mechanism of injury, clinical finding, associated injuries, length of hospitalization and outcome were studied.
Results: There were 8 male and 2 female patients ranging in age from 4 to 56 years. Mechanism of injury was crush due to earthquake in one patient, entrapment beneath a vehicle in one, entrapment beneath a heavy stone in one, crushing with heavy objects in two and car accidents in five victims. Subconjunctival hemorrhage, craniofacial edema and petechiae developed in all patients. Most of the patients suffered some associated injuries including 2 liver injuries, 2 rib fractures, 2 diaphragmatic injuries and one diastasis of pubis. Length of hospitalization ranged from4 to 27 days. There was no mortality.
Conclusions: Traumatic asphyxia is a rare but important syndrome after thoracoabdominal blunt trauma that should be kept in mind for early diagnosis and management. It can be associated with other organs injuries.
Key Words: Trauma, Asphyxia, Clinical Symptoms
*Professor of General Surgery, Esfahan University of Medical Sciences and Health Services, Al-Zahra Hospital, Esfahan, Iran
**Assistant Professor of General Surgery, Kashan University of Medical Sciences and Health Services, Shahid Beheshti Hospital, Kashan, Iran
ﺮﺘﻛﺩ ﻬﺑ ﺮﺒﮐﺍ ـ ﺩﺍﺪ ـ ﺩﺭﻮﻣ ﻩﺩ ﻥﺎﻣﺭﺩ ﺞﻳﺎﺘﻧ ﻭ ﻲﻨﻴﻟﺎﺑ ﺎﻤﻴﺳ ...
References:
1. Hopkins RL, Frieberg EM, Bonis SL. Traumatic asphyxia, Curious cause and consequence. Am J Emerg Med. 1994; 12(3): 384-5.
2. Jumbelic MI. Traumatic asphyxia in weight lifters.J Forensic Sci. 2007; 52(3): 702-5.
3. Hitchcock A, Start RD. Fatal traumatic asphyxia in a middle-aged man in association with entrapment associated hypoxyphilia. J Clin Forensic Med. 2005;
12(6): 320-5.
4. Madzimbamuto F, Madamombe T. Traumatic asphyxia during stadium stampede. Cent Afr J Med.
2004; 50(7-8): 69-72.
5. Nunn CR, Bass JG, Nastanski F, Morris JA.
Traumatic asphyxia syndrome. Tenn Med. 1997;
90(4): 144-6.
6. Lupascu C, Lupascu C ,Beldiman D. Mechanical asphyxia by three different mechanisms. Legal Medicine. 2003; 5(2): 110-111.
7. Plewa MC,Peitzman AB, Stewart RD.Benign cervical prevertebral soft tissue swelling in traumatic asphyxia. J Trauma. 1995; 38(6): 937-40.
8. Sarihan H, Abes M, Akayazici R, et al. Traumatic asphyxia in children.J Cardivasc Surg Torino. 1997;
38: 93-5.
9. Dunne JR, shaked G, Golocovsky M.Traumatic asphyxia:an indicator of potentially severe injury in trauma. Injury 1996. 27(10): 746-9.
10. Amberg R, Pollak S. Postmortem endoscopy of the ocular fundus: A valuable tool in forensic postmortem practice.Forensic Sci Int. 2001; 124( 2-3): 157-162.
11. Jongewaard RW, Cogbill TH, Landercasper J.
Neurological consequences of traumatic asphyxia.J Trauma. 1992; 32(1): 28-31.
12. Byard RW, Wick R, Simpson E, Gilbert ED. The pathological features and circumstances of death of lethal crush/traumatic asphyxia in adults, A 25-year study. Forensic Sci Int. 2006; 159(2-3): 200-205.
