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(36) 12 ؛1388 ﺖﻣﻼﺳ ﺖﻳﺮﻳﺪﻣ

ﻲﺷﺯﻮﻣﺁ ﻱﺎﻫ ﻥﺎﺘﺳﺭﺎﻤﻴﺑ ﺭﺩ ﺎﻫ ﻪﻣﺎﻨﺘﻳﺎﺿﺭ ﻪﺑ ﻁﻮﺑﺮﻣ 1387 ؛ﻲﺘﺸﻬﺑﺪﻴﻬﺷ ﻲﻜﺷﺰﭘ ﻡﻮﻠﻋ ﻩﺎﮕﺸﻧﺍﺩ

3ﻱﻮﺳﻮﻣ ﺯﺎﻨﻬﻣ / ²ﻡﺎﮕﺷﻮﺧ ﻪﻣﻮﺼﻌﻣ / ¹ﻱﻮﺟﺎﺣ ﺭﺫﺎﺑﺍ

ﻩﺪﻴﻜﭼ

ﻩﺪﺷ ﺝﺭﺩ ﺵﺮﻳﺬﭘ گﺮﺑ ﺖﺸﭘ ﺭﺩ ﻪﻣﺎﻨﺘﻳﺎﺿﺭ ﻡﺮﻓ .ﺖﺳ ﻲﻧﻮﻧﺎﻗ ﻡﺍﺰﻟﺍ ﻚﻳ ﻲﻜﺷﺰﭘ ﻱﺎﻫ ﺖﺒﻗﺍﺮﻣ ﺖﻬﺟ ﺭﺎﻤﻴﺑ ﺯﺍ ﺖﻳﺎﺿﺭ ﺐﺴﻛ :ﻪﻣﺪﻘﻣ ﺕﺎﻣﺍﺪﻗﺍ ﻡﺎﺠﻧﺍ ﺖﻬﺟ ،ﻭﺍ ﻚﻳﺩﺰﻧ ﻥﺎﮕﺘﺴﺑ ﺎﻳ ﺭﺎﻤﻴﺑ ﺯﺍ ،ﻥﺎﺘﺳﺭﺎﻤﻴﺑ ﻭ ﻩﺪﻨﻨﻛ ﺍﻭﺍﺪﻣ ﻚﺷﺰﭘ ﻱﻮﺳ ﺯﺍ ﻲﮔﺪﻨﻳﺎﻤﻧ ﻪﺑ ﺪﻳﺎﺑ ﺵﺮﻳﺬﭘ ﻥﻻﻮﺌﺴﻣ .ﺖﺳﺍ ﻪﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣ ﻦﻳﺍ ﻑﺪﻫ .ﺪﻨﺷﺎﺑ ﻩﺎﮔﺁ ﺩﺭﻮﻣ ﻦﻳﺍ ﺭﺩ ﺶﻳﻮﺧ ﻝﺎﻤﻋﺍ ﺐﻗﺍﻮﻋ ﻪﺑ ﻲﻗﻼﺧﺍ ﻭ ﻲﻧﻮﻧﺎﻗ ﺮﻈﻧ ﺯﺍ ﻭ ﺪﻨﻨﻛ ﺬﺧﺍ ﺍﺭ ﺐﺳﺎﻨﻣ ﻱﺎﻫﺯﻮﺠﻣ ﻲﻧﺎﻣﺭﺩ ﻲﻜﺷﺰﭘ ﻡﻮﻠﻋ ﻩﺎﮕﺸﻧﺍﺩ ﻲﺷﺯﻮﻣﺁ ﻱﺎﻫ ﻥﺎﺘﺳﺭﺎﻤﻴﺑ ﺭﺩ ﺎﻫ ﻪﻣﺎﻨﺘﻳﺎﺿﺭ ﻪﺑ ﻁﻮﺑﺮﻣ ﻲﻧﻮﻧﺎﻗ ﻱﺎﻫ ﻪﺒﻨﺟ ﺖﻳﺎﻋﺭ ﻭ ﻲﻫﺎﮔﺁ ﻥﺍﺰﻴﻣ ﻦﻴﺑ ﻁﺎﺒﺗﺭﺍ ﻦﻴﻴﻌﺗ .ﺩﻮﺑ ﻲﺘﺸﻬﺑ ﺪﻴﻬﺷ ﺮﻔﻧ 11 ﻞﻣﺎﺷ ﺶﻫﻭﮋﭘ ﻱ ﻪﻌﻣﺎﺟ .ﺖﺳﺍ ﻩﺪﺷ ﻡﺎﺠﻧﺍ 1387 ﻝﺎﺳ ﺭﺩ ﻪﻛ ﺖﺳﺍ ﻲﻠﻴﻠﺤﺗ - ﻲﻔﻴﺻﻮﺗ ﻪﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣ ﻚﻳ ﺶﻫﻭﮋﭘ ﻦﻳﺍ :ﻲﺳﺭﺮﺑ ﺵﻭﺭ ﻲﻜﺷﺰﭘ ﻡﻮﻠﻋ ﻩﺎﮕﺸﻧﺍﺩ ﻲﺷﺯﻮﻣﺁ ﻱﺎﻫ ﻥﺎﺘﺳﺭﺎﻤﻴﺑ ﺭﺩ ﺵﺮﻳﺬﭘ ﻱﺎﻫﺪﺣﺍﻭ ﻥﺎﻨﻛﺭﺎﻛ ﺯﺍ ﺮﻔﻧ 43 ﻭ ﻲﻜﺷﺰﭘ ﻙﺭﺍﺪﻣ ﻱﺎﻫ ﺶﺨﺑ ﻥﻻﻮﺌﺴﻣ ﺯﺍ ﺕﺎﻋﻼﻃﺍ .ﺖﻓﺮﮔ ﺭﺍﺮﻗ ﺪﻴﻳﺄﺗ ﺩﺭﻮﻣ ﻥﺁ ﻲﻳﺎﻳﺎﭘ ﻭ ﻲﻳﺍﻭﺭ ﻪﻛ ،ﺖﺳﺍ ﺖﺴﻴﻟ ﻚﭼ ﻭ ﻪﻣﺎﻨﺸﺳﺮﭘ ،ﺎﻫ ﻩﺩﺍﺩ ﻱﺭﻭﺁﺩﺮﮔ ﺭﺍﺰﺑﺍ .ﺖﺳﺍ ﻲﺘﺸﻬﺑﺪﻴﻬﺷ .ﺪﺷ ﻞﻴﻠﺤﺗ ﻥﻮﺳﺮﻴﭘ ﻱﺭﺎﻣﺁ ﻥﻮﻣﺯﺁ ﺯﺍ ﻩﺩﺎﻔﺘﺳﺍ ﺎﺑ ﻭ SPSS ﺭﺍﺰﻓﺍ ﻡﺮﻧ ﻂﺳﻮﺗ 68/6 ﺎﻫ ﻥﺁ ﺖﻳﺎﻋﺭ ﻥﺍﺰﻴﻣ ﻭ ،ﺪﺻﺭﺩ 72/7 ﺎﻫ ﻪﻣﺎﻨﺘﻳﺎﺿﺭ ﻪﺑ ﻁﻮﺑﺮﻣ ﻲﻧﻮﻧﺎﻗ ﻱﺎﻫ ﻪﺒﻨﺟ ﺯﺍ ﻲﻜﺷﺰﭘ ﻙﺭﺍﺪﻣ ﻥﻻﻮﺌﺴﻣ ﻲﻫﺎﮔﺁ ﻥﺍﺰﻴﻣ :ﺎﻫ ﻪﺘﻓﺎﻳ ﺪﺻﺭﺩ 62/9 ﺎﻫ ﻥﺁ ﺖﻳﺎﻋﺭ ﻥﺍﺰﻴﻣ ﻭ ،ﺪﺻﺭﺩ 66/3 ﺵﺮﻳﺬﭘ ﻥﺎﻨﻛﺭﺎﻛ ﻲﻫﺎﮔﺁ ﻥﺍﺰﻴﻣ .ﺪﺷﺎﺑ ﻲﻣ0/683 ﺎﻫ ﻦﻳﺍ ﻦﻴﺑ ﻲﮕﺘﺴﺒﻤﻫ ﻭ ﺪﺷﺎﺑ ﻲﻣ ﺪﺻﺭﺩ .ﺩﺭﺍﺩ ﺩﻮﺟﻭ ﻥﺁ ﺖﻳﺎﻋﺭ ﻭ ﻲﻫﺎﮔﺁ ﻦﻴﺑ ﻱﻮﻗ ﻭ ﺖﺒﺜﻣ ﻱﺍ ﻪﻄﺑﺍﺭ ؛ ﺪﺷﺎﺑ ﻲﻣ0/558 ﺎﻫ ﻦﻳﺍ ﻦﻴﺑ ﻲﮕﺘﺴﺒﻤﻫ ﻭ ﺪﺷﺎﺑ ﻲﻣ ﺵﺮﻳﺬﭘ ﻥﺎﻨﻛﺭﺎﻛ ﻭ ﻲﻜﺷﺰﭘ ﻙﺭﺍﺪﻣ ﻦﻴﻟﻮﺌﺴﻣ ﻦﻴﺑ ﺭﺩ ﺎﻫ ﻪﻣﺎﻨﺘﻳﺎﺿﺭ ﻪﺑ ﻁﻮﺑﺮﻣ ﻲﻧﻮﻧﺎﻗ ﻱﺎﻫ ﻪﺒﻨﺟ ﺖﻳﺎﻋﺭ ﻭ ﻲﻫﺎﮔﺁ ﻥﺍﺰﻴﻣ ﻦﻴﺑ :ﻱﺮﻴﮔ ﻪﺠﻴﺘﻧ ﺭﻮﺸﻛ ﺭﺩ ﺩﻮﺟﻮﻣ ﻱﺎﻫ ﻞﻤﻌﻟﺍﺭﻮﺘﺳﺩ ﻭ ﻦﻴﻧﺍﻮﻗ ﺯﺍ ﻥﺎﻧﺁ ﻲﻫﺎﮔﺁ ﻱﺎﻘﺗﺭﺍ .((p<0.000) ﻭ (p<0.011) ﺐﻴﺗﺮﺗ ﻪﺑ) ﺖﺷﺍﺩ ﺩﻮﺟﻭ ﺖﺒﺜﻣ ﻲﮕﺘﺴﺒﻤﻫ .ﺪﺷ ﺪﻫﺍﻮﺧ ﻥﺁ ﺐﻗﺎﻌﺘﻣ ﻲﻧﻮﻧﺎﻗ ﺕﻼﻜﺸﻣ ﺯﺍ ﻱﺮﻴﮕﺸﻴﭘ ﻭ ﻦﻴﻧﺍﻮﻗ ﻦﻳﺍ ﺖﻳﺎﻋﺭ ﻥﺍﺰﻴﻣ ﺶﻳﺍﺰﻓﺍ ﺐﺟﻮﻣ ﺖﻳﺎﻋﺭ ،ﻲﻫﺎﮔﺁ ،ﺎﻫ ﻪﻣﺎﻨﺘﻳﺎﺿﺭ ،ﻲﻜﺷﺰﭘ ﻙﺭﺍﺪﻣ ،ﻲﻧﻮﻧﺎﻗ ﻱﺎﻫ ﻪﺒﻨﺟ:ﺎﻫ ﻩژﺍﻭ ﺪﻴﻠﻛ 88/5/6 :ﻲﻳﺎﻬﻧ ﺵﺮﻳﺬﭘ • 88/3/26 :ﻲﻳﺎﻬﻧ ﺡﻼﺻﺍ • 87/12/5 :ﻪﻟﺎﻘﻣ ﻝﻮﺻﻭ •

ﻥﺍﺮﻳﺍ ﻲﻜﺷﺰﭘ ﻡﻮﻠﻋ ﻩﺎﮕﺸﻧﺍﺩ ،ﻲﻜﺷﺰﭘ ﻲﻧﺎﺳﺭ ﻉﻼﻃﺍ ﻭ ﺖﻳﺮﻳﺪﻣ ﻩﺪﻜﺸﻧﺍﺩ ،ﻲﻜﺷﺰﭘ ﻙﺭﺍﺪﻣ ﻩﻭﺮﮔ ﻲﺑﺮﻣ 1 .

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(2)

(36) 12 ؛1388 ﺖﻣﻼﺳ ﺖﻳﺮﻳﺪﻣ

ﻪﻣﺪﻘﻣ ﻪﺘﺨﻴﻣﺁ ﻢﻬﺑ ﻦﻴﻧﺍﻮﻗ ﻭ ﺕﺍﺭﺮﻘﻣ ﺯﺍ ﻱﺍ ﻪﻋﻮﻤﺠﻣ ﺎﺑ ﻱﺍ ﻪﻓﺮﺣ ﻲﮔﺪﻧﺯ ﻖﻴﻓﻮﺗ ﻲﻋﺎﻤﺘﺟﺍ ﻩﺪﺷ ﻪﺘﻓﺮﻳﺬﭘ ﻞﻏﺎــﺸﻣ ﺯﺍ ﻚﻳ ﺮﻫ ﺭﺩ ،ﺖــﺳﺍ ﻭ ﻦﻴﻧﺍﻮﻗ ﺮﺑ ﻱﺮﺘﺸﻴﺑ ﻲﻫﺎﮔﺁ ﻭ ﻢﻠﻋ ﻪﻛ ﺩﻮﺷ ﻲﻣ ﻲﻧﺎﺴﻛ ﺐﻴﺼﻧ ﺭﺩ ﻭ ﺪﻧﺭﺍﺩ ﺩﻮﺧ ﺺﺼﺨﺗ ﻭ ﻪﻓﺮﺣ ﻭ ﻞﻐــﺷ ﺮﺑ ﻢﻛﺎﺣ ﺕﺍﺭﺮﻘﻣ ﻲﻠﻐﺷ ﻂﻴﺤﻣ ﺭﺩ ﻩﺪﺷ ﺡﺮﻃ ﻞﺋﺎﺴﻣ ﺎﺑ ﺪﻨﻧﺍﻮﺗ ﻲﻣ ﻲﻫﺎﮔﺁ ﻦﻳﺍ ﻮﺗﺮﭘ ﻝﺪﺒﻣ ﻲﻋﺎﻤﺘﺟﺍ ﻪﺑ ﺎﻣ ﻩﺯﻭﺮﻣﺍ .ﺪﻨﻨﻛ ﺩﺭﻮﺧﺮﺑ ﺖﺳﺭﺩ ﻲﻋﺎﻤﺘﺟﺍ ﻭ ﺮﻣﺍ ﻦﻳﺍ ،ﺖﺳﺍ ﺮﺘﺸﻴﺑ ﻥﺁ ﺭﺩ ﻱﻮﻋﺩ ﻪﻣﺎﻗﺍ ﻝﺎﻤﺘﺣﺍ ﻪﻛ ﻢﻳﺍ ﻪﺘــﺸﮔ ﻞﺳﻮﺗ ﻥﺎﻜﻣﺍ ﻥﺎﮔﺪﻳﺩ ﺐﻴﺳﺁ ﻪﺑ ﻪﻛ ﺍﺮﭼ ﺖﺴﻴﻧ ﺪﺑ ﻲﻠﻛ ﺭﻮﻃ ﻪﺑ ﺚﻋﺎﺑ ﻭ ﺪﻫﺩ ﻲﻣ ﺕﺭﺎﺴﺧ ﻦﺘﻓﺮﮔ ﻱ ﺍﺮﺑ ﺍﺭ ﺖﻟﺍﺪﻋ ﻩﺎﮕﺘــﺳﺩ ﻪﺑ ﻪﻛ ﻲﻧﺎﺴﻛ ﻕﻮﻘﺣ ﻪﺑ ﻩﺎﮔﺁ ﻭ ﺐﻗﺍﺮﻣ ﻲﻧﺎﻣﺭﺩ ﻥﺎﻨﻛﺭﺎﻛ ﻪﻛ ﺩﻮﺷ ﻲﻣ ﺪﻨﻣﺭﺎﻛ ﻚﻳ ﻩﺯﻭﺮﻣﺍ ﻝﺎﺣ ﺮﻫ ﻪﺑ .ﺪﻨﺷﺎﺑ ،ﺪﻨﻨﻛ ﻲﻣ ﻚﻤﻛ ﺎﻫ ﻥﺁ ﻪﺑ [1].ﺪﻧﺍﺪﺑ ﻕﻮﻘﺣ ﻱﺩﻭﺪﺣ ﺎﺗ ﻭ ﺪــﺷﺎﺑ ﻩﺎﮔﺁ ﺪﻳﺎﺑ ﻲﻧﺎﻣﺭﺩ ﺭﻮــﻣﺍ ﻦﻴﻠﻏﺎﺷ ،ﻲﻜﺷﺰﭘ ﻙﺭﺍﺪﻣ ﻪﺑ ﻁﻮﺑﺮﻣ ﺕﺍﺭﺮﻘﻣ ﻭ ﻦﻴﻧﺍﻮﻗ ﺯﺍ ﻲﻫﺎﮔﺁ ﻩﺩﻮﻤﻧ ﻱﺭﺎﻳ ﻲﻜﺷﺰﭘ ﻙﺭﺍﺪﻣ ﻑﺍﺪﻫﺍ ﻪﺑ ﻥﺪﻴﺳﺭ ﺭﺩ ﺍﺭ ﻪﻓﺮﺣ ﻦﻳﺍ ﺖﻬﺟ ﻲﻳﺎﺸﮕﻫﺍﺭ ﺪﻧﺍﻮﺗ ﻲﻣ ﻦﻴﻧﺍﻮﻗ ﻦﻳﺍ ﺯﺍ ﻱﺍ ﻪﻋﻮﻤﺠﻣ ﻆﻔﺣ ﻭ ﻪﺘﺷﺭ ﻦﻳﺍ ﻱﺍﺮﺑ ﺐــﺳﺎﻨﻣ ﻲﻫﺎﮕﻳﺎﺟ ﺩﺎﺠﻳﺍ ﻭ ﻥﺎــﺴﻜﻳ ﺩﺮﻜﻠﻤﻋ ﻪﻌﻣﺎﺟ ﻲﺳﺎﺳﺍ ﺚﺣﺎﺒﻣ ﺯﺍ ﻲﻜﻳ ﺭﺎﻤﻴﺑ ﺖﻳﺎﺿﺭ ﺬﺧﺍ [2].ﺪــﺷﺎﺑ ﻲﻧﻮﻧﺎﻗ ﺮﻈﻧ ﺯﺍ ﻪﻛ ﺖﻔﮔ ﻥﺍﻮﺗ ﻲﻣ ﻊﻗﺍﻭ ﺭﺩ [3]ﺖــﺳﺍ ﻲﻜــﺷﺰﭘ ﻩﺩﻮﺑ ﻚﺴﻳﺭ ﺖﻳﺮﻳﺪﻣ ﺭﺍﺰﺑﺍ ﻚﻳ ،ﻥﺎﻣﺭﺩ ﻱﺍﺮﺑ ﻪﻧﺎﻫﺎﮔﺁ ﺖﻳﺎﺿﺭ ﺖﻴﻤﻫﺍ ﺖﻬﺟ ﻪﺑ [4].ﺪــﺷﺎﺑ ﻲﻣ ﻝﻮﺌﺴﻣ ﺩﺮﻓ ﻩﺪﻨﻫﺩ ﻥﺎــﺸﻧ ﻪﻛ گﺮﺑ ﺖﺸﭘ ﺭﺩ ﻪﻣﺎﻨﺘﻳﺎﺿﺭ ﻡﺮﻓ ﻲﻗﻮﻘﺣ ﻞﺋﺎﺴﻣ ﺭﺩ ﺭﺎﻤﻴﺑ ﺖﻳﺎﺿﺭ ﺖﻤﺴﻗ ﺭﺩ ﺪﻳﺎﺑ ﻪﻣﺎﻨﺘﻳﺎﺿﺭ ﻡﺮﻓ [3].ﺖﺳﺍ ﻩﺪﻳﺩﺮﮔ ﺝﺭﺩ ﺵﺮﻳﺬﭘ ﺵﺮﻳﺬﭘ ﻦﻴﻟﻮﺌﺴﻣ .ﺩﻮﺷ ﺮﭘ ﺭﺎﻤﻴﺑ ﻲﻟﻭ ﺎﻳ ﺭﺎﻤﻴﺑ ﻂــﺳﻮﺗ ﺵﺮﻳﺬﭘ ،ﻥﺎﺘﺳﺭﺎﻤﻴﺑ ﻭ ﻩﺪﻨﻨﻛ ﺍﻭﺍﺪﻣ ﻚﺷﺰﭘ ﻱﻮــﺳ ﺯﺍ ﻲﮔﺪﻨﻳﺎﻤﻧ ﻪﺑ ﺪﻳﺎﺑ ﻲﻧﺎﻣﺭﺩ ﺕﺎﻣﺍﺪﻗﺍ ﻡﺎﺠﻧﺍ ﺖﻬﺟ ،ﻭﺍ ﻚﻳﺩﺰﻧ ﻥﺎﮕﺘﺴﺑ ﺎﻳ ﺾﻳﺮﻣ ﺯﺍ ﻂــﺳﻮﺗ ﻡﺮﻓ ﻦﻳﺍ ﻪﻛ ﻲﻧﺎﻣﺯ .ﺪﻨﻳﺎﻤﻧ ﺬﺧﺍ ﺍﺭ ﺐــﺳﺎﻨﻣ ﻱﺎﻫﺯﻮﺠﻣ ﻲﻛﺭﺪﻣ ،ﺩﻮــﺷ ﻲﻣ ﺎﻀﻣﺍ ﺵﺮﻳﺬﭘ ﻥﺎﻣﺯ ﺭﺩ ﻱﻭ ﻩﺪﻨﻳﺎﻤﻧ ﺎﻳ ﺭﺎﻤﻴﺑ ﻲﻧﺎﻣﺭﺩ ﺕﺎﻣﺍﺪﻗﺍ ﻭ ﺕﺎﻣﺪﺧ ﺖﻓﺎﻳﺭﺩ ﻱﺍﺮــﺑ ﺭﺎﻤﻴﺑ ﺖــﻳﺎﺿﺭ ﺯﺍ ﻲﻜﺷﺰﭘ ﻙﺭﺍﺪﻣ ﻥﻻﻮﺌــﺴﻣ ﻲﻫﺎﮔﺁ ﻦﻳﺍﺮﺑﺎﻨﺑ [5].ﺪﻨﻛ ﻲﻣ ﻢﻫﺍﺮﻓ ﺭﺎﻤﻴﺑ ﺩﻭﺭﻭ ﻭﺪﺑ ﺭﺩ ﻪﻛ ﻪﻣﺎﻨﺘﻳﺎﺿﺭ ﻲﻧﻮﻧﺎﻗ ﻱﺎﻫ ﻪﺒﻨﺟ ﻭ ﻦﻴﻧﺍﻮﻗ ﺯﺍ ﺖﺳﺍ ﻱﺭﻭﺮﺿ ﺭﺎﻴﺴﺑ ﺪﻧﺮﻴﮔ ﻲﻣ ﺖﻳﺎﺿﺭ ﻭﺍ ﺯﺍ ﻲﻧﺎﻣﺭﺩ ﺰﻛﺍﺮﻣ ﻪﺑ ﻲﻔﻴﻠﻜﺗ ﻼﺑ ﺯﺍ ﻪﻨﻴﻣﺯ ﻦﻳﺍ ﺭﺩ ﺩﻮﺟﻮﻣ ﻦﻴﻧﺍﻮﻗ ﺯﺍ ﺎــﻫ ﻥﺁ ﻲــﻫﺎﮔﺁ ﻭ ﻱﻭﺎﻋﺩ ﻞﺑﺎﻘﻣ ﺭﺩ ﺍﺭ ﺎﻫ ﻥﺁ ﻭ ﺪﻫﺎﻛ ﻲﻣ ﺎﻫ ﺖﻴﻌﻗﻮﻣ ﻲﺧﺮﺑ ﺭﺩ ﺎﻫ ﻥﺁ [6].ﺪﻨﻛ ﻲﻣ ﻆﻔﺣ ﻲﻧﻮﻧﺎﻗ ﻲﻫﺎﮔﺁ ﻪﻛ ﺪﻫﺩ ﻲﻣ ﻥﺎــﺸﻧ (Denute) ﺕﻮﻧﺩ ﻪﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣ ﺞﻳﺎﺘﻧ

ﺯﺍ ﻞﺒﻗ ﻪــﻧﺎﻫﺎﮔﺁ ﺖﻳﺎﺿﺭ ﻱﺍﺮــﺑ ﺭﺎــﻤﻴﺑ ﻖــﺣ ﺯﺍ ﻥﺎــﻣﺭﺩ ﺭﺩﺎﻛ ﺮﻓ ﻱﺪﻫﺍﺯ [7].ﺖﺳﺍ ﻩﺩﻮﺑ ﻂﺳﻮﺘﻣ ﺢﻄــﺳ ﺭﺩ ﻲﻧﺎﻣﺭﺩ ﺕﺎﻣﺍﺪﻗﺍ ﺖﺒــﺴﻧ ﺭﺎﻤﻴﺑ ﻕﻮﻘﺣ ﺖﻳﺎﻋﺭ ﻥﺍﺰــﻴﻣ ،ﻲــﺸﻫﻭﮋﭘ ﺭﺩ (1382) ﺪﺻﺭﺩ 52/73 ﻥﺍﺭﺎــﻤﻴﺑ ﺯﺍ ﻒﻠﺘﺨﻣ ﻱﺎﻫ ﻪﻣﺎﻨﺘﻳﺎﺿﺭ ﺬــﺧﺍ ﻪــﺑ ﻂــﺳﻮﺗ ﻪﻛ ﻱﺮﮕﻳﺩ ﺶﻫﻭﮋﭘ ﺭﺩ [8].ﺖــﺳﺍ ﻩﺩﺭﻭﺁ ﺖــﺳﺩ ﻪﺑ ﻥﺍﺰﻴﻣ ﻪﻛ ﺪــﻳﺩﺮﮔ ﺺﺨــﺸﻣ ،ﺪــﺷ ﻡﺎﺠﻧﺍ (1376) ﻲﻤﻴﻫﺍﺮﺑﺍ ﺶﺨﺑ ﺭﺩ ﺕﺍﺭﺮﻘﻣ ﻭ ﻦﻴﻧﺍﻮﻗ ﻪﺑ ﻁﻮﺑﺮﻣ ﻱﺎﻫﺩﺭﺍﺪﻧﺎﺘــﺳﺍ ﺖﻳﺎﻋﺭ ﻪﺴﻳﺎﻘﻣ ﺭﺩ ،ﺶﻫﻭﮋﭘ ﺩﺭﻮﻣ ﻱﺎﻫ ﻥﺎﺘــﺳﺭﺎﻤﻴﺑ ﻲﻜــﺷﺰﭘ ﻙﺭﺍﺪﻣ 17/1 ﻥﺍﺰﻴﻣ ﻪﺑ ،ﺎﻜﻳﺮﻣﺁ ﻲﻜــﺷﺰﭘ ﻙﺭﺍﺪﻣ ﻦﻤﺠﻧﺍ ﻱﺎﻫ ﻙﻼﻣ ﺎﺑ [2].ﺖﺳﺍ ﺪﺻﺭﺩ ﻲــﺸﻫﻭﮋﭘ ﺡﺮﻃ ﻚﻳ ﺭﺩ (1382) ﺶﻧﺍﺭﺎﻜﻤﻫ ﻭ ﻱﻮﺟﺎﺣ ﻦﺘﺷﺍﺪﻧ ﻢﻏﺭ ﻲﻠﻋ ﻥﺍﺭﺎﻤﻴﺑ ﺎﻫ ﻪﻣﺎﻨﺘﻳﺎﺿﺭ ﺪﺻﺭﺩ 2/4ﻪﻛ ﺪﻨﺘﻓﺎﻳﺭﺩ ﻱﺩﺍﺮﻓﺍ ﻂﺳﻮﺗ ﺪﺻﺭﺩ 3/6 ﺭﺩ ﻭ ﺪﻧﺩﻮﺑ ﻩﺩﺍﺩ ﺖﻳﺎﺿﺭ ﻲﻧﻮﻧﺎﻗ ﻦﺳ ﺪﺻﺭﺩ 5/9ﺭﺩ .ﺪﻧﺩﻮﺑ ﻩﺪﺷ ﺪﻴﻳﺄﺗ ﻲﺒﺴﻧ ﻭ ﻲﺒﺒﺳ ﻥﺎﮕﺘﺴﺑ ﺯﺍ ﺮﻴﻏ ﺯﺍ ﺮﻴﻏ ﻪﺑ ﻱﺩﺍﺮﻓﺍ ﺯﺍ ،ﻝﺎــﺳ 18 ﻱﻻﺎﺑ ﻥﺍﺭﺎﻤﻴﺑ ﻱﺎــﻫ ﻪﻣﺎﻨﺘﻳﺎﺿﺭ ﺪﻧﺪﻴــﺳﺭ ﻪﺠﻴﺘﻧ ﻦﻳﺍ ﻪﺑ ﺖﻳﺎﻬﻧ ﺭﺩ .ﺩﻮﺑ ﻩﺪــﺷ ﺬﺧﺍ ﺭﺎﻤﻴﺑ ﺩﻮﺧ ﻭ ﺭﺎﻤﻴﺑ ﻱﺍﺮﺑ ﻢــﻫ ﻪﻣﺎﻨﺘﻳﺎﺿﺭ ﻱﺎﻫ ﻡﺮﻓ ﺖﻴﻤﻫﺍ ﻢــﻏﺭ ﻲﻠﻋ ﻪــﻛ ﻞﻴﻤﻜﺗ ﺖﻴﻤﻫﺍ ﺯﺍ ﺵﺮﻳﺬﭘ ﻥﺎﻨﻛﺭﺎﻛ ،ﻲﻧﺎﻣﺭﺩ ﺰــﻛﺍﺮﻣ ﻱﺍﺮﺑ ﻢﻫ ﺮﻣﺍ ﻦﻳﺍ ﻞﻴﻟﺩ ﺪــﺳﺭ ﻲﻣ ﺮﻈﻧ ﻪﺑ ﻭ ﻩﺩﻮﺒﻧ ﻒﻗﺍﻭ ﺎﻫ ﻡﺮﻓ ﻦﻳﺍ ﻖﻴﻗﺩ ﺭﺩ ﻉﻮﺿﻮﻣ ﻦﻳﺍ ﻥﻮــﻣﺍﺮﻴﭘ ﻱﺎﻫﺪﻳﺎﺒﻧ ﻭ ﺎﻫﺪﻳﺎﺑ ﻪــﺑ ﻪﺟﻮﺗ ﻡﺪــﻋ ﻲﻜﺷﺰﭘ ﻙﺭﺍﺪﻣ ﻞﻨﺳﺮﭘ ﻪﺑ ﻥﺁ ﻝﺎﻘﺘﻧﺍ ﻡﺪﻋ ًﺎﺘﺠﻴﺘﻧ ﻭ ﺮﺗﻻﺎﺑ ﺡﻮﻄﺳ ﻒﻳﺎﻇﻭ ﺯﺍ ﻪﻣﺎﻨﺘﻳﺎﺿﺭ ﻡﺮﻓ ﻞﻴﻤﻜﺗ ﻪﻜﻨﻳﺍ ﻪﺑ ﻪﺟﻮﺗ ﺎﺑ ﺪــﺷﺎﺑ ﻲﻣ ﺎﻫ ﻡﺮﻓ ﻦﻳﺍ ﺖﻴﻤﻫﺍ ﻪﺑ ﻪﺟﻮﺗ ﺎﺑ ﻭ ﺖﺳﺍ ﺵﺮﻳﺬﭘ ﺶﺨﺑ ﻥﺎﻨﻛﺭﺎﻛ ﻪﺑ ﻥﺩﺍﺩ ﻲﻫﺎﮔﺁ ﺍﺬﻟ ،ﻲﻧﺎﻣﺭﺩ ﺰﻛﺍﺮﻣ ﻱﺍﺮﺑ ﻢﻫ ﻭ ﺭﺎﻤﻴﺑ ﻱﺍﺮــﺑ ﻢــﻫ ﻥﺎﺘﺳﺭﺎﻤﻴﺑ ﺮﻳﺪﻣ ﻭ ﺶﺨﺑ ﻝﻮﺌﺴﻣ ﻲﻠﺻﺍ ﻒﻳﺎﻇﻭ ﺯﺍ ﻞﻨﺳﺮﭘ ﻦﻳﺍ [9].ﺪﺷﺎﺑ ﻲﻣ ﻪﺑ ﻁﻮﺑﺮﻣ ﻲــﻧﻮﻧﺎﻗ ﻱﺎــﻫ ﻪﺒﻨﺟ ﺖﻴﻤﻫﺍ ﻪــﺑ ﻪﺟﻮﺗ ﺎــﺑ ﺍﺬــﻟ ﻦﺷﻭﺭ ﺎﺑ ﻪﻛ ﺖﺳﺍ ﻦﻳﺍ ﺮﺿﺎﺣ ﺶﻫﻭﮋﭘ ﺯﺍ ﻑﺪﻫ ،ﺎﻫ ﻪﻣﺎﻨﺘﻳﺎﺿﺭ ،ﺎﻫ ﻪﻣﺎﻨﺘﻳﺎﺿﺭ ﻲﻧﻮﻧﺎﻗ ﻱﺎﻫ ﻪﺒﻨﺟ ﺖﻳﺎﻋﺭ ﻭ ﻲﻫﺎﮔﺁ ﻥﺍﺰﻴﻣ ﻥﺪﺷ ﻩﺎﮕﺸﻧﺍﺩ ﻲﺷﺯﻮﻣﺁ ﻱﺎﻫ ﻥﺎﺘﺳﺭﺎﻤﻴﺑﺭﺩ ﺎﻫ ﻥﺁ ﻲﮕﺘﺴﺒﻤﻫ ﻥﺍﺰﻴﻣ ﻭ ،ﻲﺘــﺸﻬﺑﺪﻴﻬﺷ ﻲﻧﺎﻣﺭﺩ ﻲﺘــﺷﺍﺪﻬﺑ ﺕﺎﻣﺪﺧ ﻭ ﻲﻜــﺷﺰﭘ ﻡﻮﻠﻋ ﺭﺩ ﻲﻣﺎﮔﻭ ﻪﺋﺍﺭﺍ ﺩﻮﺟﻮﻣ ﻱﺎﻫ ﻲﺘﺳﺎﻛ ﻭ ﺎﻫ ﺖﻴﻌﻗﺍﻭ ﺯﺍ ﻱﺮﻳﻮﺼﺗ ﻪﻨﻴﻣﺯ ﻦﻳﺍ ﺭﺩ ﻥﻭﺪﻣ ﺕﺍﺭﺮﻘﻣ ﻭ ﻦﻴﻧﺍﻮﻗ ﻪﻌــﺳﻮﺗ ﻭ ءﺎﻘﺗﺭﺍ ﺖﻬﺟ .ﺩﻮﺷ ﻪﺘﺷﺍﺩﺮﺑ

(3)

(36) 12 ؛1388 ﺖﻣﻼﺳ ﺖﻳﺮﻳﺪﻣ

ﻲﺳﺭﺮﺑ ﺵﻭﺭ ﺵﻭﺭ ﻪﺑ ﻪﻛ ﺖــﺳﺍ ﻲﻠﻴﻠﺤﺗ ﻲﻔﻴﺻﻮﺗ ﻪﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣ ﻚﻳ ﺶﻫﻭﮋﭘ ﻦﻳﺍ ﺭﺩ ﺶﻫﻭﮋﭘ ﻪﻌﻣﺎﺟ .ﺖﺳﺍ ﻩﺪﺷ ﻡﺎﺠﻧﺍ 1387 ﻝﺎــﺳ ﺭﺩ ﻲﻌﻄﻘﻣ 52،ﻲﻜﺷﺰﭘ ﻙﺭﺍﺪﻣ ﺶﺨﺑ ﻝﻮﺌﺴﻣ ﺮﻔﻧ 11 ﻞﻣﺎﺷ ﺶﻫﻭﮋﭘ ﻦﻳﺍ ﻱﺎﻫ ﻥﺎﺘﺳﺭﺎﻤﻴﺑ ﻲﻧﺎﮕﻳﺎﺑ ﻥﺎﻨﻛﺭﺎﻛ ﺮﻔﻧ 39 ،ﺵﺮﻳﺬﭘ ﻥﺎﻨﻛﺭﺎﻛ ﺮﻔﻧ ﻲﺘﺷﺍﺪﻬﺑ ﺕﺎﻣﺪﺧ ﻭ ﻲﻜﺷﺰﭘ ﻡﻮﻠﻋ ﻩﺎﮕﺸﻧﺍﺩ ﻲﻣﻮﻤﻋ ﻲﺷﺯﻮﻣﺁ ﻥﺩﻮﺑ ﺩﻭﺪﺤﻣ ﻅﺎــﺤﻟ ﻪﺑ ﻪﻛ ﺪــﺷﺎﺑ ﻲﻣ ﻲﺘــﺸﻬﺑﺪﻴﻬﺷ ﻲﻧﺎﻣﺭﺩ ﻪﻤﻫ ،ﺎﻫ ﻥﺁ ﻥﺎﻴﻣ ﺯﺍ ﺎﻣﺍ ،ﺪﺸﻧ ﻡﺎﺠﻧﺍ ﻱﺮﻴﮔ ﻪﻧﻮﻤﻧ ﺶﻫﻭﮋﭘ ﻪﻌﻣﺎﺟ ﻭ ﺵﺮﻳﺬﭘ ﻥﺎﻨﻛﺭﺎﻛ ﺯﺍ ﺮﻔﻧ 43 ،ﻲﻜﺷﺰﭘ ﻙﺭﺍﺪﻣ ﺶﺨﺑ ﻦﻴﻟﻮﺌﺴﻣ .ﺪﻧﺩﻮﺑ ﻱﺭﺎﻜﻤﻫ ﻪﺑ ﺮﺿﺎﺣ ﻲﻧﺎﮕﻳﺎﺑ ﻥﺎﻨﻛﺭﺎﻛ ﺯﺍ ﺮﻔﻧ 32 ﻭﺩ ﺖــﺴﻴﻟ ﻚﭼ ﻭ ﻪﻣﺎﻨــﺸﺳﺮﭘ ،ﺎﻫ ﻩﺩﺍﺩ ﻱﺭﻭﺁﺩﺮﮔ ﺭﺍﺰــﺑﺍ ﻝﻭﺍ ﺖﻤﺴﻗ ﻪﻛ،ﺩﻮﺑ ﺖﻳﺎﻋﺭ ﻭ ﻲﻫﺎﮔﺁ ﻥﺍﺰﻴﻣ ﻦﻴﻴﻌﺗ ﻱﺍﺮﺑ ﻲﺘﻤﺴﻗ ﺖﻤﺴﻗ ﻭ ﻚﻴﻓﺍﺮﮔﻮﻣﺩ ﺕﺎﺼﺨﺸﻣ ﻪﺑ ﻁﻮﺑﺮﻣ ﺕﻻﺍﺆــﺳ ﺎﻫ ﻥﺁ ﺎﻫ ﻪﻣﺎﻨﺘﻳﺎﺿﺭ ﻲﻧﻮﻧﺎﻗ ﻱﺎﻫ ﻪﺒﻨﺟ ﻪﺑ ﻁﻮﺑﺮﻣ ﺕﻻﺍﺆﺳ ﻞﻣﺎﺷ ﻡﻭﺩ ﻱﺎﻫ ﻞﻤﻌﻟﺍﺭﻮﺘﺳﺩ ﻭ ﺎﻫ ﻪﻣﺎﻨﺸﺨﺑ ﻱﻭﺭ ﺯﺍ ﺕﻻﺍﻮﺌﺳ ﻦﻳﺍ ﻪﻛ ﺩﻮﺑ .ﺪﺷ ﻪﻴﻬﺗ (ﻞﻤﻌﻟﺍﺭﻮﺘﺳﺩ 16) ﺭﻮﺸﻛ ﺭﺩ ﺩﻮﺟﻮﻣ ﺮﻴﺧﺍ ﻝﺎــﺳ ﻩﺩ ﺮﻔﻧ 9 ﻱﺍﺮﺑ ﺭﻮﻛﺬﻣ ﺖﺴﻴﻟ ﻚﭼ ﻭ ﻪﻣﺎﻨﺸﺳﺮﭘ ،ﺭﺎﺒﺘﻋﺍ ﻦﻴﻴﻌﺗ ﺖﻬﺟ ﺭﺍﺮﻗ ﻩﺩﺎﻔﺘﺳﺍ ﺩﺭﻮﻣ ﻥﺎﺸﻳﺍ ﺪﻴﻳﺄﺗ ﺯﺍ ﺲﭘ ﻭ ﺪﺷ ﻝﺎﺳﺭﺍ ﻦﻓ ﺪﻴﺗﺎﺳﺍ ﺯﺍ ﺖﺴﻴﻟ ﻚﭼ ﻭ ﻪﻣﺎﻨــﺸﺳﺮﭘ ﺕﺎﺒﺛ ﻦﻴﻴﻌﺗ ﻱﺍﺮﺑ ﻦﻴﻨﭽﻤﻫ .ﺖﻓﺮﮔ ﻱﺎﻫ ﻥﺎﺘــﺳﺭﺎﻤﻴﺑ ﺯﺍ ﻥﺎﺘــﺳﺭﺎﻤﻴﺑ ﻭﺩ ﺭﺩ ﺩﺪﺠﻣ ﻥﻮﻣﺯﺁ ﺵﻭﺭ ﺯﺍ ﻲﮕﺘﺴﺒﻤﻫ ﺐﻳﺮﺿ .ﺪﺷ ﻩﺩﺎﻔﺘﺳﺍ ﻥﺍﺮﻳﺍ ﻲﻜﺷﺰﭘ ﻡﻮﻠﻋ ﻩﺎﮕﺸﻧﺍﺩ .ﺩﺍﺩ ﺭﺍﺮﻗ ﺪﻴﻳﺄﺗ ﺩﺭﻮﻣ ﺍﺭ ﺎﻫ ﻩﺩﺍﺩ ﻱﺭﻭﺁﺩﺮﮔ ﺭﺍﺰﺑﺍ ﺕﺎــﺒﺛ r=0.95

ﺲﭘ ،ﻝﻭﺍ ﻪﻠﺣﺮﻣ ﺭﺩ ،ﺪﺷ ﻡﺎﺠﻧﺍ ﻪﻠﺣﺮﻣ ﻭﺩ ﺭﺩ ﺎﻫ ﻩﺩﺍﺩ ﻱﺭﻭﺁﺩﺮﮔ ﻩﺎﮕــﺸﻧﺍﺩ ﻲــﺸﻫﻭﮋﭘ ﺖﻧﻭﺎﻌﻣ ﺯﺍ ﻡﺯﻻ ﻱﺎﻫ ﻪﻣﺎﻧ ﻲﻓﺮﻌﻣ ﻪﺋﺍﺭﺍ ﺯﺍ ﻪﻌﺑﺎﺗ ﻱﺎﻫ ﻥﺎﺘــﺳﺭﺎﻤﻴﺑ ﺖﻬﺟ ﻲﺘــﺸﻬﺑﺪﻴﻬﺷ ﻲﻜــﺷﺰﭘ ﻡﻮﻠﻋ ﻦﻴﻴﻌﺗ ﻪﺑ ﻁﻮﺑﺮﻣ ﻱﺍ ﻪــﻨﻳﺰﮔ ﺭﺎﻬﭼ ﻪﻣﺎﻨــﺸﺳﺮﭘ ،ﺶﻫﻭﮋﭘ ﺩﺭﻮﻣ ﺯﺍ ﺲﭘ ﻭ ﺪﻳﺩﺮﮔ ﻊﻳﺯﻮﺗ ﺶﻫﻭﮋﭘ ﻪﻌﻣﺎﺟ ﻦﻴﺑ ﺭﺩ،ﻲﻫﺎﮔﺁ ﻥﺍﺰــﻴﻣ ﻪﻌﺟﺍﺮﻣ ﺎﺑ ﺯﻭﺭ 14ﺯﺍ ﺪﻌﺑ ،ﻱﺪﻌﺑ ﻪﻠﺣﺮﻣ ﺭﺩ ،ﺎﻫ ﻩﺩﺍﺩ ﻱﺭﻭﺁ ﻊﻤﺟ ﻭ ﻩﺪﻫﺎﺸﻣ ﺵﻭﺭ ﺯﺍ ﻩﺩﺎﻔﺘﺳﺍ ﺎﺑ ﻭ ﺎﻫ ﻥﺎﺘــﺳﺭﺎﻤﻴﺑ ﻪﺑ ﺮﮕــﺸﻫﻭﮋﭘ ﺖﻳﺎﻋﺭ ﻥﺍﺰﻴﻣ ﻦﻴﻴﻌﺗ ﻪﺑ ﻁﻮﺑﺮﻣ ﺖﺴﻴﻟ ﻚﭼ ﻢﻴﻘﺘــﺴﻣ ﻪﺒﺣﺎﺼﻣ ﻪﺘﺒﻟﺍ ،ﺪﻳﺩﺮﮔ ﻞﻴﻤﻜﺗﺎﻫ ﻪﻣﺎﻨﺘﻳﺎﺿﺭ ﻪﺑ ﻁﻮﺑﺮﻣ ﻲﻧﻮﻧﺎﻗ ﻱﺎــﻫ ﻪﺒﻨﺟ ﻥﻭﺪﺑ ﺎﻫ ﻥﺁ ﺕﺎﻳﺮﻈﻧ ﻪﻛ ،ﺪﺷ ﻩﺩﺍﺩ ﻥﺎﻨﻴﻤﻃﺍ ﺶﺨﺑ ﻦﻴﻟﻮﺌــﺴﻣ ﻪﺑ ﺪﻫﺍﻮﺧ ﻲﻘﻠﺗ ﻪﻧﺎﻣﺮﺤﻣ ًﻼﻣﺎﻛ ﻭ ﺪــﺷ ﺪﻫﺍﻮﺧ ﺵﺭﺍﺰﮔ ﺖﻟﺎﺧﺩ ﻥﻮﻣﺯﺁ ﺯﺍ ﻩﺩﺎﻔﺘﺳﺍ ﺎﺑ ﻭ SPSS ﺭﺍﺰﻓﺍ ﻡﺮﻧ ﻂــﺳﻮﺗ ﺕﺎﻋﻼﻃﺍ .ﺪــﺷ .ﺪﺷ ﻞﻴﻠﺤﺗ ﻥﻮﺳﺮﻴﭘ ﻱﺭﺎﻣﺁ ﺎﻫ ﻪﺘﻓﺎﻳ

ﻦﻴﻟﻮﺌــﺴﻣ ﻲﻫﺎﮔﺁ ﻥﺍﺰﻴﻣ ﻪﻛ ﺩﺍﺩ ﻥﺎــﺸﻧ ﻩﺪﻣﺁ ﺖــﺳﺩ ﻪﺑ ﺞﻳﺎﺘﻧ ﺎﻫ ﻪﻣﺎﻨﺘﻳﺎﺿﺭ ﻪﺑ ﻁﻮﺑﺮﻣ ﻲﻧﻮﻧﺎﻗ ﻱﺎﻫ ﻪﺒﻨﺟ ﺯﺍ ﻲﻜــﺷﺰﭘ ﻙﺭﺍﺪﻣ ﻭ ﺪــﺷﺎﺑ ﻲﻣ ﺪﺻﺭﺩ 68/6 ﺎﻫ ﻥﺁ ﺖﻳﺎﻋﺭ ﻥﺍﺰﻴﻣ ﻭ ،ﺪﺻﺭﺩ 72/7 ﻥﺎﻨﻛﺭﺎﻛ ﻲﻫﺎﮔﺁ ﻥﺍﺰﻴﻣ .ﺪﺷﺎﺑ ﻲﻣ0/683 ﺎﻫ ﻦﻳﺍ ﻦﻴﺑ ﻲﮕﺘﺴﺒﻤﻫ ﺪﺻﺭﺩ 62/9 ﺎﻫ ﻥﺁ ﺖــﻳﺎﻋﺭ ﻥﺍﺰﻴﻣ ﻭ ،ﺪﺻﺭﺩ 66/3 ﺵﺮــﻳﺬﭘ ﻥﺎﺸﻧ ﺞﻳﺎﺘﻧ .ﺪﺷﺎﺑ ﻲﻣ 0/558 ﺎﻫ ﻦﻳﺍ ﻦﻴﺑ ﻲﮕﺘﺴﺒﻤﻫ ﻭ ﺪﺷﺎﺑ ﻲﻣ ﻪﺑ ﻁﻮﺑﺮﻣ ﻲﻧﻮﻧﺎﻗ ﻱﺎﻫ ﻪﺒﻨﺟ ﺖﻳﺎﻋﺭ ﻭ ﻲﻫﺎﮔﺁ ﻥﺍﺰﻴﻣ ﻪﻛ ﺪﻫﺩ ﻲﻣ ﻥﺎﻨﻛﺭﺎﻛ ﺯﺍ ﺮﺘﺸﻴﺑ ﻲﻜﺷﺰﭘ ﻙﺭﺍﺪﻣ ﻦﻴﻟﻮﺌﺴﻣ ﻦﻴﺑ ﺭﺩ ﺎﻫ ﻪﻣﺎﻨﺘﻳﺎﺿﺭ ﺪﻫﺩ ﻲﻣ ﻥﺎﺸﻧ ﺎﻫ ﻦﻳﺍ ﻦﻴﺑ ﻲﮕﺘﺴﺒﻤﻫ ﻥﺍﺰﻴﻣ ﻭ ﺪﺷﺎﺑ ﻲﻣ ﺵﺮﻳﺬﭘ ﻦﻴﻟﻮﺌــﺴﻣ ﺖﻳﺎﻋﺭ ﻭ ﻲﻫﺎﮔﺁ ﻥﺍﺰﻴﻣ ﻦﻴﺑ ﻱﻮﻗ ﻭ ﺖﺒﺜﻣ ﻪﻄﺑﺍﺭ ﻪﻛ ﺩﺭﻮﻣ ﻱﺎﻫ ﻥﺎﺘﺳﺭﺎﻤﻴﺑ ﺭﺩ ﺵﺮﻳﺬﭘ ﻥﺎﻨﻛﺭﺎﻛ ﻭ ﻲﻜــﺷﺰﭘ ﻙﺭﺍﺪﻣ .ﺩﺭﺍﺩ ﺩﻮﺟﻭ ﻪﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣ

ﻁﻮﺑﺮﻣ ﻲﻧﻮﻧﺎﻗ ﻱﺎﻫ ﻪﺒﻨﺟ ﺖﻳﺎﻋﺭ ﻭ ﻲﻫﺎﮔﺁ ﻥﺍﺰﻴﻣ :1ﺭﺍﺩﻮﻤﻧ ﻥﺎﻨﻛﺭﺎﻛ ﻭ ﻲﻜﺷﺰﭘ ﻙﺭﺍﺪﻣ ﻦﻴﻟﻮﺌﺴﻣ ﺭﺩ ﺎﻫ ﻪﻣﺎﻨﺘﻳﺎﺿﺭ ﻪﺑ

ﻲﺘﺸﻬﺑ ﺪﻴﻬﺷ ﻲﺷﺯﻮﻣﺁ ﻱﺎﻫ ﻥﺎﺘﺳﺭﺎﻤﻴﺑ ﺭﺩ ﺵﺮﻳﺬﭘ ﻱﺮﻴﮔ ﻪﺠﻴﺘﻧ ﻭ ﺚﺤﺑ ﻲﺸﻫﻭﮋﭘ ﻥﻮﻨﻛﺎﺗ ،ﺶﻫﻭﮋﭘ ﻦﻳﺍ ﻥﺍﺮﮕﺸﻫﻭﮋﭘ ﺵﻭﺎﻛ ﺱﺎﺳﺍ ﺮﺑ ﻲﻧﻮﻧﺎﻗ ﻱﺎــﻫ ﻪﺒﻨﺟ ﺖﻳﺎﻋﺭ ﻭ ﻲــﻫﺎﮔﺁ ﻦﻴﺑ ﻁﺎــﺒﺗﺭﺍ ﻪــﻨﻴﻣﺯ ﺭﺩ ﻱﺎﻫ ﻞﻤﻌﻟﺍﺭﻮﺘــﺳﺩ ﻭ ﺎﻫ ﻪﻣﺎﻨــﺸﺨﺑ ﺱﺎــﺳﺍ ﺮﺑ ﺎﻫ ﻪﻣﺎﻨﺘﻳﺎﺿﺭ ﺯﺍ ﻲﻜﻳ ﻂﻘﻓ ﺩﻮﺟﻮﻣ ﻱﺎﻫ ﺶﻫﻭﮋﭘ .ﺖﺳﺍ ﻩﺪﺸﻧ ﻡﺎﺠﻧﺍ ﺩﻮﺟﻮﻣ ﺭﺎﻤﻴﺑ ﻕﻮﻘﺣ ﺭﻮﺸﻨﻣ ﺎﻳ ﻭ ﺎﻫﺩﺭﺍﺪﻧﺎﺘﺳﺍ ﺱﺎﺳﺍ ﺮﺑ ﺍﺭ ﻪﺒﻨﺟ ﻭﺩ ﻦﻳﺍ .ﺖﺳﺍ ﻩﺩﺍﺩ ﺭﺍﺮﻗ ﻲﺳﺭﺮﺑ ﺩﺭﻮﻣ ﻲﻫﺎﮔﺁ ﻥﺍﺰﻴﻣ ﻪﻛ ﺪــﻨﺘﻓﺎﻳﺭﺩ ﻲــﺸﻫﻭﮋﭘ ﺭﺩ ﻲﻋﺭﺍﺯ ﻭ ﺏﺮﻋ [6].ﺩﻮﺑ ﻂﺳﻮﺘﻣ ﻪﻧﺎﻫﺎﮔﺁ ﺖﻳﺎﺿﺭ ﻱﺍﺮﺑ ﺭﺎﻤﻴﺑ ﻕﻮﻘﺣ ﺯﺍ ﻥﺍﺮﻳﺪﻣ

(4)

(36) 12 ؛1388 ﺖﻣﻼﺳ ﺖﻳﺮﻳﺪﻣ

ﺭﺩﺎﻛ ﻲﻫﺎﮔﺁ ﻪﻛ ﺪﻫﺩ ﻲﻣ ﻥﺎﺸﻧ (Denute) ﺕﻮﻧﺩ ﻪﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣ ﺞﻳﺎﺘﻧ ﺕﺎﻣﺍﺪﻗﺍ ﺯﺍ ﻞﺒﻗ ﻪﻧﺎﻫﺎﮔﺁ ﺖــﻳﺎﺿﺭ ﻱﺍﺮﺑ ﺭﺎﻤﻴﺑ ﻖﺣ ﺯﺍ ﻥﺎــﻣﺭﺩ ﻲﺸﻫﻭﮋﭘ ﺭﺩ ﻲﻧﺎﻄﻠﺳ [7].ﺖﺳﺍ ﻩﺩﻮﺑ ﻂﺳﻮﺘﻣ ﺢﻄﺳ ﺭﺩ ﻲﻧﺎﻣﺭﺩ ﻭ ﻲﻜﺷﺰﭘ ﻙﺭﺍﺪﻣ ﺯﺍ ﺎﻫ ﺶﺨﺑ ﻥﺎﻴﺸﻨﻣ ﻲﻫﺎﮔﺁ ﻥﺍﺰﻴﻣ ﻪﻛ ﺖﻓﺎﻳﺭﺩ ﺶﻫﻭﮋﭘ ﻦﻳﺍ ﺭﺩ [10].ﺩﻮﺑ ﻂﺳﻮﺘﻣ ﺪﺣ ﺭﺩ ﻥﺁ ﻲﻧﻮﻧﺎﻗ ﻱﺎﻫ ﻪﺒﻨﺟ ﻲﻧﻮﻧﺎﻗ ﻱﺎﻫ ﻪﺒﻨﺟ ﺯﺍ ﻲﻜﺷﺰﭘ ﻙﺭﺍﺪﻣ ﻦﻴﻟﻮﺌــﺴﻣ ﻲﻫﺎﮔﺁ ﻥﺍﺰﻴﻣ ﻥﺎﻨﻛﺭﺎﻛ ﻲﻫﺎﮔﺁ ﻥﺍﺰﻴﻣ ﺪﺻﺭﺩ 72/7 ﺎــﻫ ﻪﻣﺎﻨﺘﻳﺎﺿﺭ ﻪﺑ ﻁﻮــﺑﺮﻣ ﺭﺩ ﺕﻭﺎﻔﺗ ﻦﻳﺍ .ﺖــﺳﺍ ﻩﺪﻣﺁ ﺖــﺳﺩ ﻪﺑ ﺪﺻﺭﺩ 66/3 ﺵﺮﻳﺬﭘ ﺪﺷﺎﺑ ﺮﻃﺎﺧ ﻦﻳﺍ ﻪﺑ ﺪﻧﺍﻮﺗ ﻲﻣ ﻥﺎﻨﻛﺭﺎﻛﻭ ﻦﻴﻟﻮﺌﺴﻣ ﻲﻫﺎﮔﺁ ﻥﺍﺰﻴﻣ ﺍﺭ ﻥﺁ ﻦﻴﻟﻮﺌﺴﻣ ،ﺩﺩﺮﮔ ﻲﻣ ﻍﻼﺑﺍ ﺰﻛﺍﺮﻣ ﻪﺑ ﺎﻫ ﻪﻣﺎﻨــﺸﺨﺑ ﻲﺘﻗﻭ ﻪﻛ ﺮﺼﻋ ﺖﻔﻴــﺷ ﺹﻮﺼﺧ ﻪﺑ) ﺵﺮﻳﺬﭘ ﻥﺎﻨﻛﺭﺎﻛ ﻲﻣﺎﻤﺗ ﻉﻼﻃﺍ ﻪﺑ .ﺪﻨﻧﺎﺳﺭ ﻲﻤﻧ (ﺐﺷ ﻭ ﻪﻛ ﺪﻴــﺳﺭ ﻪﺠﻴﺘﻧ ﻦﻳﺍ ﻪــﺑ ﺩﻮــﺧ ﺶــﻫﻭﮋﭘ ﺭﺩ ﻲــﻤﻴﻫﺍﺮﺑﺍ ﻙﺭﺍﺪﻣ ﺶﺨﺑ ﺭﺩ ﺕﺍﺭﺮﻘﻣ ﻭ ﻦﻴﻧﺍﻮﻗ ﻪﺑ ﻁﻮﺑﺮﻣ ﻱﺎﻫﺩﺭﺍﺪﻧﺎﺘــﺳﺍ ﻲﻜــﺷﺰﭘ ﻙﺭﺍﺪﻣ ﻦﻤﺠﻧﺍ ﻱﺎﻫ ﻙﻼﻣ ﺎﺑ ﻪــﺴﻳﺎﻘﻣ ﺭﺩ ﻲﻜــﺷﺰﭘ ﺯﺍ ﻲﻜﻳ [2].ﺖﺳﺍ ﻩﺪﺷ ﺖﻳﺎﻋﺭ ﺪﺻ ﺭﺩ 17/1 ﻥﺍﺰﻴﻣ ﻪﺑ ،ﺎﻜﻳﺮﻣﺁ ﻙﺭﺍﺪﻣ ﺕﺍﺭﺮﻘﻣ ﻭ ﻦﻴﻧﺍﻮﻗ ﻪﺑ ﻁﻮﺑﺮﻣ ﻱﺎﻫﺩﺭﺍﺪﻧﺎﺘﺳﺍ ﻱﺎﻫ ﻙﻼﻣ ،ﺪﺷﺎﺑ ﻲﻣ ﻥﺎﻨﻛﺭﺎﻛ ﻪﺑ ﺕﺍﺭﺮﻘﻣ ﻭ ﻦﻴﻧﺍﻮﻗ ﻲﻧﺎﺳﺭ ﻉﻼﻃﺍ ،ﻲﻜﺷﺰﭘ .ﺪﻨﻛ ﻲﻣ ﺪﻴﻳﺄﺗ ﺍﺭ ﺎﻣ ﻞﻴﻟﺩ ﻦﻳﺍ ﻲﻤﻴﻫﺍﺮﺑﺍ ﺶﻫﻭﮋﭘ ﺞﻳﺎﺘﻧ ﻦﻳﺍﺮﺑﺎﻨﺑ ﻪﺑ ،ﻲــﺸﻫﻭﮋﭘ ﺡﺮﻃ ﻚﻳ ﺭﺩ (1382) ﺶﻧﺍﺭﺎﻜﻤﻫ ﻭ ﻱﻮــﺟﺎﺣ ﻱﺎﻫ ﻡﺮﻓ ﻞﻴﻤﻜﺗ ﺖــﻴﻤﻫﺍ ﻪﺑ ﻪﺟﻮﺗ ﺎﺑ ﻪﻛ ﺪﻧﺪﻴــﺳﺭ ﻪﺠﻴﺘﻧ ﻦــﻳﺍ ﻲﻫﺎﮔﺁ ،ﻲﻧﺎﻣﺭﺩ ﺰــﻛﺍﺮﻣ ﻱﺍﺮﺑ ﻢﻫ ﻭ ﺭﺎﻤﻴﺑ ﻱﺍﺮﺑ ﻢــﻫ ﺖــﻳﺎﺿﺭ ﻭ ﺶﺨﺑ ﻝﻮﺌﺴﻣ ﻲﻠﺻﺍ ﻒﻳﺎﻇﻭ ﺯﺍ ﺵﺮﻳﺬﭘ ﻞﻨﺳﺮﭘ ﻦﻳﺍ ﻪﺑ ﻥﺩﺍﺩ ﻱﺍ ﻪﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣ ﺭﺩ ﻲﻬﻟﺍﺪﺒﻋ ﻭ ﻱﺭﺩﺎﻗ [9].ﺪﺷﺎﺑ ﻲﻣ ﻥﺎﺘﺳﺭﺎﻤﻴﺑ ﺮﻳﺪﻣ ﺯﺍ ﻲﻜﺷﺰﭘ ﻙﺭﺍﺪﻣ ﻥﻻﻮﺌﺴﻣ ﻲﻫﺎﮔﺁ ﻪﻛ ﺪﻧﺪﻴــﺳﺭ ﻪﺠﻴﺘﻧ ﻦﻳﺍ ﻪﺑ ﺭﺎﻤﻴﺑ ﺩﻭﺭﻭ ﻭﺪﺑ ﺭﺩ ﻪﻛ ﻪﻣﺎﻨﺘﻳﺎﺿﺭ ﻲﻧﻮﻧﺎﻗ ﻱﺎﻫ ﻪﺒﻨﺟ ﻭ ﻦــﻴﻧﺍﻮﻗ ﺖﺳﺍ ﻱﺭﻭﺮﺿ ﺭﺎﻴﺴﺑ ﺪﻧﺮﻴﮔ ﻲﻣ ﺖﻳﺎﺿﺭ ﻭﺍ ﺯﺍ ﻲﻧﺎﻣﺭﺩ ﺰﻛﺍﺮﻣ ﻪﺑ ﻲﻔﻴﻠﻜﺗ ﻼﺑ ﺯﺍ ﻪﻨﻴﻣﺯ ﻦﻳﺍ ﺭﺩ ﺩﻮﺟﻮﻣ ﻦﻴﻧﺍﻮﻗ ﺯﺍ ﺎــﻫ ﻥﺁ ﻲــﻫﺎﮔﺁ ﻭ ﻱﻭﺎﻋﺩ ﻞﺑﺎﻘﻣ ﺭﺩ ﺍﺭ ﺎﻫ ﻥﺁ ﻭ ﺪﻫﺎﻛ ﻲﻣ ﺎﻫ ﺖﻴﻌﻗﻮﻣ ﻲﺧﺮﺑ ﺭﺩ ﺎﻫ ﻥﺁ ﺞﻳﺎﺘﻧ ﺎﺑ ًﺎﻘﻴﻗﺩ ﻥﺎﺸﻳﺍ ﺶﻫﻭﮋﭘ ﺞﻳﺎﺘﻧ [11].ﺪﻨﻛ ﻲﻣ ﻆﻔﺣ ﻲﻧﻮﻧﺎﻗ .ﺖﺳﺍ ﺭﺎﮔﺯﺎﺳ ﺶﻫﻭﮋﭘ ﻦﻳﺍ ﻲــﺸﻫﻭﮋﭘ ﺡﺮــﻃ ﺭﺩ(1382) ﺶــﻧﺍﺭﺎﻜﻤﻫ ﻭ ﻱﻮــﺟﺎﺣ ﻦــﺳ ﻦﺘــﺷﺍﺪﻧ ﻢﻏﺭ ﻲﻠﻋ ﻥﺍﺭﺎﻤﻴﺑ ﺪﺻﺭﺩ 2/4 ﻪــﻛ ﺪــﻨﺘﻓﺎﻳﺭﺩ ﺖﻳﺎﺿﺭ ﺩﺮﻓ ﺖﺒــﺴﻧ ﺪﺻﺭﺩ 3/6 ﺭﺩ ﻭ ﻩﺩﺍﺩ ﺖــﻳﺎﺿﺭ ﻲــﻧﻮﻧﺎﻗ ﻪﻧﻮﮔﺮﻫ ﺪﻗﺎﻓ ﺎﻫ ﻪﻣﺎﻨﺘﻳﺎﺿﺭ ﺪﺻﺭﺩ 1/2 ﻭ ﺩﻮﺒﻧ ﺺﺨﺸﻣ ﻩﺪﻨﻫﺩ [9].ﺪﻧﺍ ﻩﺩﻮﺑ ﺖــﺸﮕﻧﺍ ﺮﺛﺍ ﺎﻳ ءﺎﻀﻣﺍ ﻖﻳﺮﻃ ﺯﺍ ﻪﭼ ﺖﻳﺎﺿﺭ ﺪﻴﻳﺄﺗ

ﺪﻴــﺳﺭ ﻪﺠﻴﺘﻧ ﻦﻳﺍ ﻪﺑ ﻲــﺸﻫﻭﮋﭘ ﺭﺩ (1387) ﻲﻨﻴﻏﺎﺑ ﻲﻋﺎﺠــﺷ ﻱﺎﻫ ﻪﻣﺎﻨﺘﻳﺎﺿﺭ ﺖﻳﺎﻋﺭ ﻥﺍﺰﻴﻣ ﺮﺗﻮﻴﭙﻣﺎﻛ ﻥﺍﺮﺑﺭﺎﻛ ﻩﺎﮔﺪﻳﺩ ﺯﺍ ﻪــﻛ [12].ﺖﺳﺍ ﺏﻮﻠﻄﻣ ًﺎﺘﺒﺴﻧ ﺪﺣ ﺭﺩ (ﺪﺻﺭﺩ 54/5) ﻪﻧﺎﻫﺎﮔﺁ ﻕﻮﻘﺣ ﺖﻳﺎﻋﺭ ﻥﺍﺰﻴﻣ ،ﺩﻮﺧ ﻖﻴﻘﺤﺗ ﺭﺩ (1381) ﺮﻓ ﻱﺪﻫﺍﺯ 52/73 ﻥﺍﺭﺎﻤﻴﺑ ﺯﺍ ﻒﻠﺘﺨﻣ ﻱﺎﻫ ﻪﻣﺎﻨﺘﻳﺎﺿﺭ ﺬﺧﺍ ﻪﺑ ﺖﺒﺴﻧ ﺭﺎﻤﻴﺑ ﻥﺍﺰﻴﻣ ﺶﻫﻭﮋﭘ ﻦﻳﺍ ﺱﺎﺳﺍ ﺮﺑ [8].ﺖﺳﺍ ﻩﺪﻣﺁ ﺖــﺳﺩ ﻪﺑ ﺪﺻﺭﺩ ﻂــﺳﻮﺗ ﺎﻫ ﻪﻣﺎﻨﺘﻳﺎﺿﺭ ﻪﺑ ﻁﻮﺑﺮﻣ ﻲــﻧﻮﻧﺎﻗ ﻱﺎﻫ ﻪﺒﻨﺟ ﺖــﻳﺎﻋﺭ ﺪﺻﺭﺩ 62/9 ﺵﺮﻳﺬﭘ ﻥﺎﻨﻛﺭﺎﻛ ﻂﺳﻮﺗ ﻭ ﺪﺻﺭﺩ 68/6ﻦﻴﻟﻮﺌﺴﻣ ﺮﻓ ﻱﺪﻫﺍﺯ ﻱﺎﻫ ﻪﺘﻓﺎﻳ ﺞﻳﺎﺘﻧ ﺭﺩ ﺕﻭﺎﻔﺗ ﻞﻴﻟﺩ ﺪﻳﺎــﺷ .ﺪــﺷﺎﺑ ﻲﻣ ﻦﻳﺍ ﻱﺭﻭﺁﺩﺮﮔ ﺭﺍﺰــﺑﺍ ﻥﻮﭼ ﻪﻛ ﺪــﺷﺎﺑ ﻦﻳﺍ ،ﺮﺿﺎﺣ ﺶــﻫﻭﮋﭘ ﻭ ﺭﻮﺸﻛ ﺭﺩ ﺩﻮﺟﻮﻣ ﻱﺎﻫ ﻪﻣﺎﻨﺸﺨﺑ ﻭ ﻦﻴﻧﺍﻮﻗ ﺱﺎــﺳﺍ ﺮﺑ ﺶﻫﻭﮋﭘ ﺭﻮﺸﻨﻣ ﺱﺎﺳﺍ ﺮﺑ ﺮﻓ ﻱﺪﻫﺍﺯ ﺖﺴﻴﻟ ﻚﭼ ﻪﻛ ﻲﻟﺎﺣ ﺭﺩ ﻩﺪﺷ ﻢﻴﻈﻨﺗ ﻚﻳ ﺕﺭﻮﺻ ﻪﺑ ﺎﻫ ﻪﻣﺎﻨﺸﺨﺑ ﻭ ﻦﻴﻧﺍﻮﻗ ﺖﻳﺎﻋﺭ ﻭ ﺩﻮﺑ ﺭﺎﻤﻴﺑ ﻕﻮﻘﺣ ﻁﻮﺑﺮﻣ ﻦﻴﻧﺍﻮﻗ ﻪﻛ ﺖــﺳﺍ ﺮﺘﻬﺑ ﻦﻳﺍ ﺮﺑﺎﻨﺑ .ﺪــﺷﺎﺑ ﻲﻣ ﻲﻧﻮﻧﺎﻗ ﻡﺍﺰﻟﺍ ﻪﻧﺎﻫﺎﮔﺁ ﺖﻳﺎﺿﺭ ﻭ ﺎــﻫ ﻪﻣﺎﻨﺘﻳﺎﺿﺭ ﻪﻨﻴﻣﺯ ﺭﺩ ﺭﺎــﻤﻴﺑ ﻕﻮﻘﺣ ﻪــﺑ ﻥﺍﺰﻴﻣ ﺎﺗ ﺩﺩﺮﮔ ﻍﻼﺑﺍ ﺰﻛﺍﺮﻣ ﻪــﺑ ﻪﻣﺎﻨــﺸﺨﺑ ﻭ ﻦﻴﻧﺍﻮﻗ ﺕﺭﻮﺻ ﻪﺑ ﻦﻳﺍ ﻪﻛ ﺖﺴﻴﻧ ﺎﻨﻌﻣ ﻦﻳﺍ ﻪﺑ ﻦﻳﺍ ﺎﻣﺍ .ﺩﻮﺷ ﺮﺘﺸﻴﺑ ﻢﻫ ﺎﻫ ﻥﺁ ﺖﻳﺎﻋﺭ .ﺪﺷﺎﺑ ﻲﻣ ﻞﻣﺎﻛ ﻭ ﻊﻣﺎﺟ ﺎﻫ ﻪﻣﺎﻨﻨﺸﺨﺑ ﻭ ﻦﻴﻧﺍﻮﻗ ﺪﻴﺳﺭ ﻪﺠﻴﺘﻧ ﻦﻳﺍ ﻪﺑ ،ﺩﻮﺧ ﺶﻫﻭﮋﭘ ﺭﺩ (1375) ﻲﻬﻟﺍ ﺖﻤﻌﻧ ﻪﻋﻮﻤﺠﻣ ﻥﺍﻮﻨﻋ ﺖﺤﺗ ﻲﻤﺠﺴﻨﻣ ﻪﻋﻮﻤﺠﻣ ﻥﺍﺮﻳﺍ ﻦﻴﻧﺍﻮﻗ ﺭﺩ ﻪﻛ ﻒﻠﺘﺨﻣ ﻱﺎﻫ ﺖﻤــﺴﻗ ﺭﺩ ﻲﻟﻭ ﺩﺭﺍﺪﻧ ﺩﻮﺟﻭ ﻥﺍﺭﺎﻤﻴﺑ ﻕﻮــﻘﺣ ﻲﻜﺷﺰﭘ ﺵﺯﻮﻣﺁ ﻭ ﻥﺎﻣﺭﺩ ﻭ ﺖﺷﺍﺪﻬﺑ ﺕﺭﺍﺯﻭ ﺕﺍﺭﺮﻘﻣ ،ﻦﻴﻧﺍﻮﻗ ﻪﻧﺎﻫﺎﮔﺁ ﺖﻳﺎﺿﺭ ،ﺖﺳﺍ ﻩﺪــﺷ ﻊﺿﻭ ﺖﻳﺎﺿﺭ ﺩﺭﻮﻣ ﺭﺩ ﻲﻨﻴﻧﺍﻮﻗ (1385) ﺭﻮﭘﺪﻤﺤﻣ ﺶﻫﻭﮋﭘ ﻱﺎﻫ ﻪﺘﻓﺎﻳ[13].ﺩﺮﻴﮔ ﻲﻤﻧ ﺮﺑ ﺭﺩ ﺍﺭ ﺖﻳﺎﺿﺭ ﻪﻨﻴﻣﺯ ﺭﺩ ﻥﺍﺮﻳﺍ ﺖــﺷﺍﺪﻬﺑ ﺕﺭﺍﺯﻭ ﻪﻛ ﺪﻫﺩ ﻲﻣ ﻥﺎــﺸﻧ ﻦﻴﻨﭽﻤﻫ .ﺖــﺳﺍ ﻩﺩﺮﻜﻧ ﻦﻳﻭﺪﺗ ﻱﺩﺭﺍﺪﻧﺎﺘــﺳﺍ ًﺎﺒﻳﺮﻘﺗ ﻪﻧﺎﻫﺎﮔﺁ ﻦﻳﻭﺪﺗ ﺭﺩ ﻲﻜــﺷﺰﭘ ﺵﺯﻮــﻣﺁ ﻭ ﻥﺎــﻣﺭﺩ ،ﺖــﺷﺍﺪﻬﺑ ﺕﺭﺍﺯﻭ ﻪﻠﻤﺟ ﺯﺍ ﻢﻬﻣ ﺩﺭﺍﻮﻣ ﺯﺍ ﻱﺭﺎﻴﺴﺑ ﻪﺑ ﻲﻧﺎﺘﺳﺭﺎﻤﻴﺑ ﻱﺎﻫﺩﺭﺍﺪﻧﺎﺘــﺳﺍ [14].ﺖــﺳﺍ ﻩﺩﺮﻜﻧ ﻪﺟﻮﺗ ﻪﻧﺎﻫﺎﮔﺁ ﺖﻳﺎﺿﺭ ﻭ ﺭﺎــﻤﻴﺑ ﻕﻮــﻘﺣ ﺮﮕﺸﻫﻭﮋﭘ ﻪﻛ ﻲﻳﺎﻫ ﻪﺒﺣﺎﺼﻣ ﻭ ﺕﺍﺪﻫﺎﺸﻣ ﺱﺎــﺳﺍ ﺮﺑ ﻦﻴﻨﭽﻤﻫ ﻲﻜﺷﺰﭘ ﻙﺭﺍﺪﻣ ﻦﻴﻟﻮﺌﺴﻣ ﺎﺑ ،ﺖﺴﻴﻟ ﻚﭼ ﻥﺩﺮﻛ ﻞﻴﻤﻜﺗ ﻡﺎﮕﻨﻫ ﻱﺍﺭﺍﺩ ﻦﻴﻧﺍﻮﻗ ﻦﻳﺍ ﻪﻛ ﺪﺷ ﺺﺨﺸﻣ ،ﻪﺘﺷﺍﺩ ﺵﺮﻳﺬﭘ ﻥﺎﻨﻛﺭﺎﻛ ﻭ ﺪﺷ ﺺﺨﺸﻣ ﺭﻮﻃ ﻦﻴﻤﻫ ﻭ .ﺪﺷﺎﺑ ﻲﻣ ﻲﻳﺎﻫ ﻲﺘــﺳﺎﻛ ﻭ ﺎﻫ ﺺﻘﻧ ﻭ ﻱﺪﻨﺑ ﻪﺘﺳﺩ ﺎﺟ ﻚﻳ ﺕﺭﻮﺻ ﻪﺑ ﺰﻛﺍﺮﻣ ﺭﺩ ﺎﻫ ﻪﻣﺎﻨــﺸﺨﺑ ﻦﻳﺍ ﻪﻛ

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(36) 12 ؛1388 ﺖﻣﻼﺳ ﺖﻳﺮﻳﺪﻣ

ﺭﺩ ﺩﻮﺧ ﻪﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣ ﺭﺩ (Malone) ﻥﻮﻟﺎﻣ .ﺖﺳﺍ ﻩﺪــﺸﻧ ﻱﺭﺍﺪﻬﮕﻧ ﺪﻴﺳﺭ ﻪﺠﻴﺘﻧ ﻦﻳﺍ ﻪﺑ ﺎﻫ ﻥﺎﺘﺳﺭﺎﻤﻴﺑ ﺭﺩ ﻲﻜﺷﺰﭘ ﻙﺭﺍﺪﻣ ﻱﺎﻫ ﺶﺨﺑ ﺍﺭ ﻩﺮﻣﺯﻭﺭ ﻱﺎﻫﺭﺎﻛ ﻡﺎﺠﻧﺍ ﻱﺍﺮﺑ ﺯﺎﻴﻧ ﺩﺭﻮﻣ ﺕﺎﻋﻼﻃﺍ ﻥﺎﻨﻛﺭﺎﻛ ﻪﻛ ﺏﻮﺘﻜﻣ ﻒﻳﺭﺎﻌﺗ ﻪﻋﻮﻤﺠﻣ .ﺪﻨﻨﻛ ﻲﻣ ﺐﺴﻛ ﻥﻮﮔﺎﻧﻮﮔ ﻊﺑﺎﻨﻣ ﺯﺍ ﭻﻴﻫ ًﺎﺒﻳﺮﻘﺗ ﻭ ﺩﺭﺍﺩ ﺩﻮــﺟﻭ ﺎﻫ ﻥﺁ ﺭﺩ ﺾﻗﺎﻨﺗ ﻭ ﻩﺩﻮــﺒﻧ ﻥﺎــﺴﻜﻳ ﻥﺍﺭﺎﻤﻴﺑ ﺖﺧﺍﺩﺮﭘﺯﺎﺑ ﺪﻳﺪﺟ ﻱﺎﻫ ﻪﻣﺎﻧ ﻦﻴﻳﺁ ﻭ ﻦﻴﻧﺍﻮﻗ ﺯﺍ ﻱﺩﺮــﻓ ﺭﺎﻬﻇﺍ (Huffman) ﻦﻤﻓﺎﻫ [15].ﺩﺭﺍﺪﻧ ﻲﻫﺎﮔﺁ ﻩﺪــﺷ ﺺﺧﺮﻣ ﻥﺍﻮﺗ ﻲﻣ ﻪﻛ ﻲﻠﺤﻣ ﺎﺑ ﺪﻳﺎﺑ ﻲﺘﺷﺍﺪﻬﺑ ﺕﺎﻋﻼﻃﺍ ﻥﺎﻨﻛﺭﺎﻛ ﺩﺭﺍﺩ ﻲﻣ ﺩﺭﻮﻣ ﻱﺎﻫ ﺖﺷﺍﺩﺩﺎﻳ ﻡﻮﻬﻔﻣ ﺰﻴﻧ ﻭ ﺖﻓﺎﻳ ﺍﺭ ﺎﻫ ﻪﻣﺎﻧ ﻦﻴﺋﺁ ﻭ ﻦﻴﻧﺍﻮﻗ ﻦﻳﺮﺧﺁ ﺯﺍ ﻪﺨﺴﻧ ﻚﻳ ﻭ ﺪﻨﺷﺎﺑ ﻪﺘﺷﺍﺩ ﻲﻳﺎﻨﺷﺁ ﺎﻫ ﻥﺁ ﺭﺩ ﻩﺩﺎﻔﺘــﺳﺍ ﻢﻫﺍﺮﻓ ﻊﺟﺮﻣ ﻪﻧﺎﺨﺑﺎﺘﻛ ﻚﻳ ﻭ ﻪﻴﻬﺗ ﺍﺭ ﻱﺭﺍﺬﮔ ﻥﻮﻧﺎﻗ ﺕﺎــﺑﻮﺼﻣ ﺩﻮﺟﻮﻣ ﻦﻴﻧﺍﻮﻗ ﻪﻛ ﺪﻫﺩ ﻲﻣ ﻩﺯﺎــﺟﺍ ﺎﻫ ﻱﺪﻨﺑ ﻪﺘــﺳﺩ ﻦﻳﺍ .ﺪﻨﻳﺎﻤﻧ ﻭ ﻲﻨﻴﺑﺯﺎﺑ ﻪﺑ ﺯﺎــﻴﻧ ﻥﻭﺪﺑ ﻩﺩﺎﻔﺘــﺳﺍ ﻞﺑﺎﻗ ﻭ ﺮﺼﺘﺨﻣ ﺕﺭﻮﺻ ﻪــﺑ .ﺩﺮﻴﮕﺑ ﺭﺍﺮﻗ ﻥﺎﮔﺪﻨﻨﻛ ﻩﺩﺎﻔﺘــﺳﺍ ﺭﺎﻴﺘﺧﺍ ﺭﺩ ،ﻒﻠﺘﺨﻣ ﺐﺘﻛ ﺭﻭﺮﻣ ﻦﻳﺮﺘﻬﺑ ﻪﻨﻴﻣﺯ ﻦﻳﺍ ﺭﺩ ﻦﻤﻓﺎﻫ ﺕﺍﺩﺎﻬﻨﺸﻴﭘ ﺪﺳﺭ ﻲﻣ ﺮﻈﻧ ﻪﺑ [16]

ﻲﻬﺑﺎﺸﻣ ﺶﻫﻭﮋﭘ ﻲﮕﺘﺴﺒﻤﻫ ﻥﺍﺰﻴﻣ ﺎﺑ ﻪﻄﺑﺍﺭ ﺭﺩ .ﺪــﺷﺎﺑ ﻞﺣ ﻩﺍﺭ ﻦﻴﺑ ﻲﮕﺘــﺴﺒﻤﻫ ﻥﺍﺰﻴﻣ ﻪﻜﻨﻳﺍ ﻪﺑ ﻪﺟﻮﺗ ﺎﺑ .ﺖــﺳﺍ ﻩﺪــﺸﻧ ﻡﺎﺠﻧﺍ ﻦﻴﺑ ﺭﺩ ﺎﻫ ﻪﻣﺎﻨﺘﻳﺎﺿﺭ ﻲﻧﻮﻧﺎﻗ ﻱﺎﻫ ﻪﺒﻨﺟ ﺖﻳﺎﻋﺭ ﻭ ﻲﻫﺎﮔﺁ ﻥﺍﺰﻴﻣ ﺵﺮﻳﺬﭘ ﻥﺎﻨﻛﺭﺎﻛ ﻦﻴﺑ ﺭﺩ ﻭ 0/683 ﻲﻜﺷﺰﭘ ﻙﺭﺍﺪﻣ ﻦﻴﻟﻮﺌــﺴﻣ ﻱﻮﻗ ﻭ ﺖﺒﺜﻣ ﻪﻄﺑﺍﺭ ﺮﮕﻧﺎﺸﻧ ﻦﻳﺍ ﻭ ﺖﺳﺍ ﻩﺪﻣﺁ ﺖﺳﺩ ﻪﺑ 0/558 ءﺎﻘﺗﺭﺍ ﻦﻳﺍﺮﺑﺎﻨﺑ ،ﺪــﺷﺎﺑ ﻲﻣ ﺎﻫ ﻥﺁ ﺖﻳﺎﻋﺭ ﻭ ﻲﻫﺎﮔﺁ ﻥﺍﺰــﻴﻣ ﻦﻴﺑ ﺭﻮﺸﻛ ﺭﺩ ﺩﻮﺟﻮﻣ ﻱﺎﻫ ﻞﻤﻌﻟﺍﺭﻮﺘــﺳﺩ ﻭ ﻦﻴﻧﺍﻮﻗ ﺯﺍ ﻥﺎﻧﺁ ﻲﻫﺎﮔﺁ ﺯﺍ ﻱﺮﻴﮕــﺸﻴﭘ ﻭ ﻦﻴﻧﺍﻮﻗ ﻦﻳﺍ ﺖﻳﺎﻋﺭ ﻥﺍﺰــﻴﻣ ﺶﻳﺍﺰﻓﺍ ﺐــﺟﻮﻣ .ﺪﻳﺩﺮﮔ ﺪﻫﺍﻮﺧ ﻥﺁ ﺐﻗﺎﻌﺘﻣ ﻲﻧﻮﻧﺎﻗ ﺕﻼﻜﺸﻣ

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Hajavi A.¹ / Khoshgam M.² / Moosavi M.³

Abstract

Introduction: Obtaining the consent for medical care is a legal force; consent forms are written behind the admission forms. Admission personal should obtain suitable warrant from patients or their families for doing procedures. So they should be aware of the consequences of their actions. This study was aimed to determine relationship between the knowledge and considering of legal aspects of consents in the teaching hospitals of Shahid Beheshti University of medical sciences.

Methods: This is a descriptive- cross-sectional study carried out in 2008. Subjects include 11person and 43 people of admission personal in the teaching hospital of Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences. Data were collected by questionnaire and checklist; and analyzed by SPSS, and Pierson.

Results: Our findings showed that the rate of knowledge of administrators of medical record's departments from legal aspects of consents was %72/7; and the rate of consideration was %68/6, and the rate of relationship was 0/683. The rate of knowledge of admission personal was %66/3, and the rate of consideration of them were %62/9 and the rate of relationship between them was 0/558; so there is a strong positive relationship between them.

Conclusion: There is relationship between the knowledge and consideration of legal aspects about consents in administrators of medical record's departments and admission personal (P<0.011) and (P<0.000) respectively. The more the medical records personnel are well aware of the law, the more they abide by the law of country and thereby preventing the law problems.

Keywords:Legal Cases, Medical Record, Consents, Knowledge, Consideration

Instructor of Medical Records Department , School of Management and Medical Information Science, Iran University of Medical Sciences 1.