ﻱﻭﺮﻫ ّﷲ ﻒﻄﻟ ۀﺭﺎﺑﺭﺩ
ﻱﺯﺍﺭ ﺮﺨﻓ ﺖﺳﺍﺮﻓ ﮥﻟﺎﺳﺭ ﻢﺟﺮﺘﻣ
ﻲﻟﺎﻨﻳﺯ ﻥﺍﺭﻮﭘ
(ﻕ606ـ544) ﻱﺯﺍﺭ ﺮﺨﻓ ﻡﺎﻣﺍ ﺯﺍ ﻩﺪﻧﺎﻣﺯﺎﺑ ﺭﺎﺛﺁ ﻥﺎﻴﻣ ﺭﺩ ﺩﻭﺪﻌﻣ ﻭﺰﺟ ﻪﻛ ﺖﺳﺍ ﺩﻮﺟﻮﻣ «ﺖﺳﺍﺮﻓ» ﻢﻠﻋ ۀﺭﺎﺑﺭﺩ ﻱﺍ ﻪﻟﺎﺳﺭ .ﺪﻳﺁ ﻲﻣ ﺭﺎﻤﺷ ﻪﺑ ﺶﻧﺍﺩ ﻦﻳﺍ ۀﺭﺎﺑﺭﺩ ﻞﻘﺘﺴﻣ ﻱﺎﻫ ﻪﻟﺎﺳﺭ :ﺖﺳﺍ ﻩﺪﺷ ﻪﺘﺧﺎﻨﺷ ﻪﻤﺟﺮﺗ ﻪﺳ ﻥﻮﻨﻛﺎﺗ ﻪﻟﺎﺳﺭ ﻦﻳﺍ ﺯﺍ ﻥﺎﻬﺑﺯﻭﺭ ﻦﺑ ﻦﺴﺣ ﻼﻣ ﺯﺍ ﻥﺎﺴﻧﻻﺍ ﺕﺁﺮﻣ ﻥﺍﻮﻨﻋ ﺎﺑ ﻲﻜﻳ ﻱﺍ ﻪﺨﺴﻧ ﺎﻳﻮﮔ ﻪﻛ (ﻕ924 ﻝﺎﺳ ﻪﺑ ﻩﺪﺷ ﻪﻤﺟﺮﺗ) ﻱﺯﺍﺮﻴﺷ ،ﺵﺮﮕﻳﺩ ﺮﺛﺍ ﺯﺎﻏﺁ ﺭﺩ ﻩﺪﻨﺴﻳﻮﻧ ﺎﻣﺍ ؛ﺖﺴﻴﻧ ﺖﺳﺩ ﺭﺩ ﻥﺁ ﺯﺍ :ﻚﻧ) ﺖﺳﺍ ﻩﺩﺮﻛ ﺩﺎﻳ ﺩﻮﺧ ﮥﻤﺟﺮﺗ ﻦﻳﺍ ﺯﺍ ،ﻲﺴﻤﺷ ﻕﻼﺧﺍ ،4 ﺝ ،ﻥﺎﺘﺴﻛﺎﭘ ﻲﺳﺭﺎﻓ ﻲﻄﺧ ﻱﺎﻫ ﻪﺨﺴﻧ ﻙﺮﺘﺸﻣ ﺖﺳﺮﻬﻓ ﺖﺳﺍ ﻱﺯﺍﺮﻴﺷ ﻲﺸﻨﻣ ﻞﻀﻔﻟﺍﻮﺑﺍ ﺯﺍ ﺮﮕﻳﺩ ﮥﻤﺟﺮﺗ .(2219 ﺹ ﻱﺎﻫ ﻪﺨﺴﻧ ﺖﺳﺮﻬﻓ :ﻚﻧ) ﺩﺭﺍﺩ ﺩﻮﺟﻭ ﻥﺁ ﺯﺍ ﻪﺨﺴﻧ ﻭﺩ ﻪﻛ ﺩﺭﻮﻣ ﻪﻛ ــ ﺮﮕﻳﺩ ﮥﻤﺟﺮﺗ .(454 ﺹ ،1 ﺝ ،ﻲﺳﺭﺎﻓ ﻲﻄﺧ ﻱﻭﺮﻫ ﺰﻳﺰﻋ ﷲ ﻒﻄﻟ ﻡﺎﻧ ﻪﺑ ﻲﺼﺨﺷ ﻂﺳﻮﺗ ــ ﺖﺳﺎﻣ ﺮﻈﻧ .ﺖﺳﺍ ﻩﺪﺷ ﻡﺎﺠﻧﺍ ﻲﮔﺪﻧﺯ ۀﺭﻭﺩ ۀﺭﺎﺑﺭﺩ ،ﺮﺻﺎﻌﻣ ﻱﺎﻬﺸﻫﻭﮋﭘ ﺯﺍ ﻱﺩﺍﺪﻌﺗ ﺭﺩ ﻩﺪﻳﺩ ﻲﺗﺎﺤﻣﺎﺴﺗ ﺎﻬﻧﺁ ﺭﺩ ﻪﻛ ﺪﻧﺍ ﻪﺘﺷﻮﻧ ﻲﺒﻟﺎﻄﻣ ﷲ ﻒﻄﻟ ﻊﺑﺎﻨﻣ .ﺖﺳﻭﺍ ﻲﮔﺪﻧﺯ ۀﺭﻭﺩ ﺢﻳﺮﺸﺗ ﺭﺩ ﻪﺘﺷﻮﻧ ﻦﻳﺍ ؛ﺩﻮﺷ ﻲﻣ ﻩﺪﻳﺩ ﻩﺭﺎﺑ ﻦﻳﺍ ﺭﺩ ﺮﺻﺎﻌﻣ ﻱﺎﻬﺸﻫﻭﮋﭘ ﺭﺩ ﻪﻛ ﻲﺗﺎﻋﻼﻃﺍ ﻭ :ﺖﺳﺍ ﺭﺍﺮﻗ ﻦﻳﺪﺑ ،ﺩﻮﺷ ﻲﻣ ﮥﻧﺎﺨﺑﺎﺘﻛ ﺖﺳﺮﻬﻓ ﺭﺩ ﻲﺴﻴﻔﻧ ﺪﻴﻌﺳ ﻡﻮﺣﺮﻣ ﺭﺎﺑ ﻦﻴﺘﺴﺨﻧ
ﺩﺮﻓ ﻪﺑ ﺮﺼﺤﻨﻣ ﮥﺨﺴﻧ ﻥﺪﻧﺎﺳﺎﻨﺷ ﻪﺑ (83 ﺹ ،6 ﺝ) ﺲﻠﺠﻣ ﻪﻤﺟﺮﺗ ...» :ﺖﺳﺍ ﻪﺘﺷﻮﻧ ﻩﺭﺎﺑ ﻦﻳﺍ ﺭﺩ ﻭ ﻪﺘﺧﺍﺩﺮﭘ ﻪﻤﺟﺮﺗ ﻦﻳﺍ ﺍﺭ ﻥﺁ ﻭ ﻪﺘﺴﻳﺯ ﻲﻣ ﻢﻬﻧ ﻥﺮﻗ ﻞﻳﺍﻭﺍ ﺭﺩ ﻪﻛ ﻱﻭﺮﻫ ﷲ ﻒﻄﻟ ﺯﺍ
«.ﻩﺩﺮﻛ ﻪﻤﺟﺮﺗ ﺍﺭﺯﻭ ﺯﺍ ﻲﻣﺎﻧ ﻦﻳﺪﻟﺍ ﻦﻴﻌﻣ ﻱﺍﺮﺑ ﻪﻤﺟﺮﺗ ﻦﻳﺍ ۀﺭﺎﺑﺭﺩ ﻪﻌﻳﺭّﺬﻟﺍ ﺬﺧﺄﻣ ﻲﺴﻴﻔﻧ ﻡﻮﺣﺮﻣ ﮥﺘﺷﻮﻧ ﻞﻳﺫ ،153 ﺹ ،16 ﺝ) ﻊﺒﻨﻣ ﻦﻳﺍ ﺭﺩ .ﺖﺳﺍ ﻪﺘﻓﺮﮔ ﺭﺍﺮﻗ ﻩﺪﺷ ﻪﺘﺴﻧﺍﺩ ﻢﻬﻧ ۀﺪﺳ ﺯﺍ ﺮﺛﺍ ﮥﻤﺟﺮﺗ («ﺔﺳﺍﺮﻔﻟﺍ ﺔﻟﺎﺳﺭ»
ﺵ) ﻢﻠﻋ ﺦﻳﺭﺎﺗ ﮥﻠﺠﻣ ﺭﺩ ﻪﻤﺟﺮﺗ ﻦﻳﺍ ﻦﺘﻣ ،ﺮﮕﻳﺩ ﺭﺎﺑ.ﺖﺳﺍ ﺰﻴﻧ ﻦﺘﻣ ﺯﺍ ﺶﻴﭘ .ﺖﺳﺍ ﻩﺪﺷ ﺮﺸﺘﻨﻣ (200ـ139 ﺺﺻ ،4 ﺮﺸﺘﻨﻣ «ﻲﻣﻼﺳﺍ ﻊﺑﺎﻨﻣ ﺭﺩ ﺖﺳﺍﺮﻓ ﻢﻠﻋ» ﻥﺍﻮﻨﻋ ﺎﺑ ﻱﺍ ﻪﻟﺎﻘﻣ ﺭﺩ .ﺩﻮﺷ ﯽﻣ ﺏﻮﺴﺤﻣ ﻦﺘﻣ ﺮﺑ ﻱﺍ ﻪﻣﺪﻘﻣ ﻊﻗﺍﻭ ﺭﺩ ﻪﻛ ﻩﺪﺷ ۀﺪﺳ» ﻢﺟﺮﺘﻣ ﻲﮔﺪﻧﺯ ۀﺭﻭﺩ (125 ﺹ) ﻩﺪﺷ ﺩﺎﻳ ﮥﻟﺎﻘﻣ .ﺖﺳﺍ ﻩﺪﺷ ﺮﻛﺫ «ﻢﺘﻔﻫ ﺐﻘﻟ ﺎﺑ ﻲﺼﺨﺷ ﻪﺑ ﻪﻤﺟﺮﺗ ﻢﻳﺪﻘﺗ ۀﺭﺎﺑﺭﺩ ﻲﺴﻴﻔﻧ ۀﺭﺎﺷﺍ ﺩﻮﺷ ﻲﻤﻧ ﻩﺪﻳﺩ ﻪﺨﺴﻧ ﻭ ﻦﺘﻣ ﺯﺍ ﺎﺠﻛ ﭻﻴﻫ ﺭﺩ ،ﻦﻳﺪﻟﺍ ﻦﻴﻌﻣ ﻪﻛ ﻢﻫ ﻦﻳﺍ ﻭ ﺖﺴﻴﻧ ﺺﺨﺸﻣ ﺩﺭﻮﻣ ﻦﻳﺍ ﺭﺩ ﻭﺍ ﺬﺧﺄﻣ ﻭ ،ﺪﻨﻛ ﻲﻣ ﺮﻛﺫ ﻢﻬﻧ ۀﺪﺳ ﻞﻳﺍﻭﺍ ﺍﺭ ﻢﺟﺮﺘﻣ ﻲﮔﺪﻧﺯ ۀﺭﻭﺩ ﺕﺭﻮﺻ ﻪﺑ ﻪﺨﺴﻧ ﺭﺩ ﻪﻴﻟﺍ یﺪﻬﻣ ﻡﺎﻧ .ﺖﺴﻴﻧ ﻖﻴﻗﺩ ﻥﺍﺪﻨﭼ ﺯﺍ ﺭﻮﻈﻨﻣ ﻪﻛ ﻩﺪﺷ ﻂﺒﺿ «ﻦﻳﺪﻟﺍ ﻭ ﺎﻴﻧﺪﻟﺍ ﻭ ﻖﺤﻟﺍ ﺰﻌﻣ»
ﻦﻳﺪﻟﺍﺰﻌﻣ ﻪﺑ ﺐﻘﻠﻣ ﻝﻭﺍ ﻦﻳﺪﻟﺍ ﺙﺎﻴﻏ ﻦﺑ ﻆﻓﺎﺣ» ًﺍﺮﻫﺎﻇ یﻭ ﺖﻴﺑ ﻦﻳﺍ ﻭ «ﺖﺳﺍ ﺕﺮﻛ ﻝﺁ ﻥﺎﻫﺎﺷﺩﺎﭘ ﺯﺍ (791ـ730ـﻜﺣ) ﻪﻟﺎﺳﺭ ﮥﻤﺟﺮﺗ ﮥﻣﺪﻘﻣ ﺭﺩ ﻪﻴﻟﺍ یﺪﻬﻣ ﯽﻓﺮﻌﻣ ﻝﻼﺧ ﺭﺩ ﻪﻛ ــ ﺕﺮﻛ ﻝﺁ ﻥﺎﻫﺎﺷﺩﺎﭘ ﺯﺍ یﻭ ﻪﻛ ﺩﺭﺍﺩ ﺢﻳﺮﺼﺗ ــ ﻩﺪﺷ ﻞﻘﻧ :ﺖﺳﺍ ﻩﺩﻮﺑ ﺕﺮﻛ ﻝﺁ ﺔﻣﻭﺭﺍ ﻦﻣ ﻚﻴﻠﻣ»
«ﺩﺎـﻋ ﻭ ﻡﺭﺍ ﻩﺰـﻌﺑ ﺖﻨﻳ ﺪﻳ
ﮥﻟﺎﺳﺭ ﮥﻤﺟﺮﺗ ﷲ ﻒﻄﻟ ﻪﻛ ﯽﻨﻳﺪﻟﺍﺰﻌﻣ ﺮﮔﺍ ﻦﻳﺍﺮﺑﺎﻨﺑ ﻝﺁ ﻦﻳﺪﻟﺍﺰﻌﻣ ﻦﻴﻤﻫ ﺖﺳﺍ ﻩﺩﺮﻛ ﻢﻳﺪﻘﺗ ﻭﺍ ﻪﺑ ﺍﺭ ﺖﺳﺍﺮﻓ ﺶﻴﭘ ﻪﺑ ﻁﻮﺑﺮﻣ ﻪﻤﺟﺮﺗ ﻦﻳﺍ ﻪﻛ ﺖﻔﮔ ﻥﺍﻮﺗ ﯽﻣ ﺪﺷﺎﺑ ﺕﺮﻛ .ﺖﺳﺍ ﻕ791 ﺯﺍ ،ﺪﺷ ﺩﺎﻳ ﻦﻳﺍ ﺯﺍ ﺶﻴﭘ ﻪﻛ ،ﺮﺻﺎﻌﻣ ﻱﺎﻬﺸﻫﻭﮋﭘ ﺮﺑ ﻩﻭﻼﻋ ﺩﺮﻛﺩﺎﻳ .ﺖﺳﺍ ﻩﺪﺷ ﺩﺎﻳ ﷲ ﻒﻄﻟ ﺯﺍ ﺰﻴﻧ ﺮﺗ ﻦﻬﻛ ﻊﺑﺎﻨﻣ ﺭﺩ ﺭﺩ ﻱﻭ ﻪﻛ ﺩﺭﺍﺩ ﻦﻳﺍ ﺯﺍ ﻥﺎﺸﻧ ،ﻦﻬﻛ ﻊﺒﻨﻣ ﻦﻳﺪﻨﭼ ﺭﺩ ﻱﻭ ﯽﻧﻮﺘﻣ ﻦﻳﺮﺗ ﻦﻬﻛ ﺯﺍ .ﺖﺳﺍ ﻩﺩﻮﺑ ﺭﻭﺁ ﻡﺎﻧ ﻲﺼﺨﺷ ﺩﻮﺧ ۀﺭﻭﺩ
ﻦﻳﺍ ﺭﺩ .ﺖﺳﺍ ﯽﺛﺎﻴﻏ ﺪﺋﺍﺮﻓ ﻩﺪﺷ ﻩﺭﺎﺷﺍ یﻭ ﻪﺑ ﻥﺁ ﺭﺩ ﻪﻛ ــ (ﻕ783 ﺕﻮﻓ) ﯽﻣﺎﺟ ﺪﻤﺤﻣ ﻦﻳﺪﻟﺍ ﻦﻴﻌﻣ ﺯﺍ ﯽﻳﺎﺸﻧﺍ ﻦﺘﻣ ﻥﺁ ﻪﻛ ﺩﺭﺍﺩ ﺩﻮﺟﻭ ــ ﻞﻴﭘ ﻩﺪﻧژ ﻡﺎﺟ ﺪﻤﺣﺍ ﺦﻴﺷ ﺩﺎﻔﺣﺍ ﺯﺍ ﺭﺩ ﻭ ﺖﺳﺍ ﻪﺘﺷﻮﻧ یﻭ ۀﺪﻳﺮﺟ ﺮﺑ ﷲ ﻒﻄﻟ ﺖﺳﺍﻮﺧ ﺮﺑﺎﻨﺑ ﺍﺭ ﺩﺎﻳ «ﺪﻨﺴﭘ ﻝﺩ ﺪﻨﻣﺮﻨﻫ ﺪﻨﻤﺟﺭﺍ ﺪﻧﺯﺮﻓ» ﻥﺍﻮﻨﻋ ﺎﺑ یﻭ ﺯﺍ ﻥﺁ ﺭﺩ ﻪﻛ ﺪﻳﺁ ﯽﻣﺮﺑ ﻦﻳﺪﻟﺍ ﻦﻴﻌﻣ ﻡﻼﻛ یﺍﻮﺤﻓ ﺯﺍ .ﺖﺳﺍ ﻩﺩﺮﻛ ﻥﻭﺰﻓﺍ .ﺖﺳﺍ ﻩﺪﻧﺍﺭﺬﮔ ﯽﻣ ﺍﺭ ﺩﻮﺧ یﺮﻴﭘ ﻦﻴﻨﺳ ﻥﺎﻣﺯ ﻦﻳﺍ ﻱﻭﺮﻫ ﺰﻳﺰﻋ ﷲ ﻒﻄﻟ ۀﺭﺎﺑﺭﺩ ﻉﻼﻃﺍ ﻦﻳﺮﺗ ﻞﻣﺎﻛ ﻦﺘﻣ ﻦﻳﺍ ﺮﺑ :ﺩﻮﺷ ﻲﻣ ﻩﺪﻳﺩ (75ـ74 ﺺﺻ) ﻪﻴﻧﺎﻄﻠﺳ ﻝﺎﺒﻗﻻﺍﺪﺼﻘﻣ ﺭﺩ ﻞﺿﺎﻓﺍ ﺯﺍ ﺰﻳﺰﻋ ﻦﺑ ﷲ ﻒﻄﻟ ﻪﺟﺍﻮﺧ ﺰﻴﻤﺗ ﻭ ﻢﻠﻋ ﺎﺑ ﻆﻋﺍﻭ»
ﺞﺣ ﻭ .ﺮﻴﺴﻔﺗ ﻦﻓ ﺭﺩ ﺮﻫﺎﻣ ﺭﺎﻴﺴﺑ ﻭ ﻥﺍﺭﻭﺩ ﺪﺟﺎﻣﺍ ﻭ ﻥﺎﻣﺯ ﺕﺍﺮﻫ ﻊﻣﺎﺟ ﺪﺠﺴﻣ ﺭﺩ ﺪﻳﺪﻣ ﻱﺎﻬﺗﺪﻣ ﻭ .ﺩﻮﺑ ﻩﺩﺭﺍﺬﮔ ﻡﻼﺳﺍ ﻝﺎﺳ ﺭﺩ ﺶﺗﺎﻓﻭ .ﺩﻮﻤﻧ ﻲﻣ ﻡﺎﻴﻗ ﻥﺎﻧﺎﻤﻠﺴﻣ ﺖﺤﻴﺼﻧ ﻪﺑ ﺕﺍﺮﻫ ﻥﺎﺑﺎﻴﺧ ﺭﺩ ﺶﻨﻓﺪﻣ .ﻱﺮﺠﻫ ﻪﺳ ﻭ ﺖﺴﻴﺑ ﻭ ﺪﺼﺘﺸﻫ ﺯﺎﺘﻤﻣ ﺪﺒﻨﮔ ﻭ ﻩﺮﻴﻈﺣ .ﻱﺯﺍﺭ ﻦﻳﺪﻟﺍ ﺮﺨﻓ ﻡﺎﻣﺍ ۀﺮﺒﻘﻣ ﺭﺍﻮﺟ ﺭﺩ
«.ﻩﺩﻮﺑ ﺭﺎﮔﺯﻭﺭ ﺭﺩﺍﻮﻧ ﺯﺍ ﻭ ﺩﺭﺍﺩ ﺯﺍ ﻲﻫﺎﮔﺁ ﺰﻴﻧ (1095 ﺹ ،3 ﺝ) ﻲﺤﻴﺼﻓ ﻞﻤﺠﻣ ﺭﺩ ﻩﻭﻼﻋ .ﺖﺳﺍ ﻩﺪﺷ ﺮﻛﺫ ﻕ823 ﻝﺎﺳ ﻊﻳﺎﻗﻭ ﻞﻳﺫ ﻭﺍ ﺖﺷﺬﮔﺭﺩ ﺰﻴﻧ (5 ﺹ ،4 ﺝ) ﺮﻴﺴﻟﺍ ﺐﻴﺒﺣ ﺭﺩ ﻱﻭ ﺩﺮﻛﺩﺎﻳ ﺎﻬﻨﻳﺍ ﺮﺑ ﻝﺎﺒﻗﻻﺍﺪﺼﻘﻣ ﺮﺑ ﻥﻭﺰﻓﺍ ﻱﺰﻴﭼ ﻊﺒﻨﻣ ﻭﺩ ﻦﻳﺍ .ﺩﻮﺷ ﻲﻣ ﻩﺪﻳﺩ .ﺪﻧﺭﺍﺪﻧ ﻦﻴﻃﻼﺳ ﺖﺨﺘﻳﺎﭘ ﻩﺭﻭﺩ ﻦﻳﺍ ﺭﺩ ﺕﺍﺮﻫ ﺮﻬﺷ ﻪﻛ ﺎﺠﻧﺁ ﺯﺍ ﺖﻴﻤﻫﺍ ﺕﺍﺮﻫ ﻊﻣﺎﺟ ﺪﺠﺴﻣ ﻲﻈﻋﺍﻭ ﻡﺎﻘﻣ ،ﻩﺩﻮﺑ ﻱﺭﻮﻤﻴﺗ ﺖﺴﻳﺎﺑ ﻲﻣ ﻲﺼﺨﺷ ﻦﻴﻨﭼ ﻱﻭﺭ ﻦﻳﺍ ﺯﺍ ؛ﺖﺳﺍ ﻪﺘﺷﺍﺩ ﻱﺭﺎﻴﺴﺑ .ﺪﺷﺎﺑ ﻩﺩﻮﺑ ﺭﺍﺩﺭﻮﺧﺮﺑ ﻲﻓﺎﻛ ﻲﻤﻠﻋ ﻭ ﻲﻨﻳﺩ ﮥﺟﺭﺩ ﺯﺍ ﺯﺍ ﺶﻴﭘ ﻪﻛ ــ ﯽﻣﺎﺟ ﻦﻳﺪﻟﺍ ﻦﻴﻌﻣ یﺎﺸﻧﺍ ﻪﺑ ﻪﺟﻮﺗ ﺎﺑ ﺵﺭﺎﮕﻧ ﻥﺎﻣﺯ ﺭﺩ ﻭ ــ ﺖﺳﺍ ﻪﺘﺷﺎﮕﻧ ﻭﺍ یﺍﺮﺑ ﻕ783 ﻝﺎﺳ ﻦﻴﻘﻳ ﻥﺍﻮﺗ ﯽﻣ ،ﻩﺩﻮﺑ ﻪﻟﺎﺳ ﺖﺴﻴﺑ ﻞﻗﺍﺪﺣ ﷲ ﻒﻄﻟ ءﺎﺸﻧﺍ ﻥﺁ ﺮﺧﺍﻭﺍ ﺭﺩ ﺍﺭ ﺩﻮﺧ ﺮﻤﻋ ﺯﺍ ﻪﻫﺩ ﺭﺎﻬﭼ ﻢﻛ ﺖﺳﺩ یﻭ ﻪﻛ ﺩﺮﻛ ﻪﺑ ﻪﺟﻮﺗ ﺎﺑ ﺮﮕﻳﺩ یﻮﺳ ﺯﺍ .ﺖﺳﺍ ﻩﺩﺮﻛ یﺮﭙﺳ ﺖﺸﻫ ﻥﺮﻗ ﻪﺠﻴﺘﻧ ﻥﺍﻮﺗ ﯽﻣ ﻕ823 ﯽﻨﻌﻳ ﷲ ﻒﻄﻟ ﺖﺷﺬﮔﺭﺩ ﻝﺎﺳ ﺭﺩ ﺎﻬﻨﺗ ﷲ ﻒﻄﻟ ،ﻪﺘﻔﮔ ﯽﺴﻴﻔﻧ ﻡﻮﺣﺮﻣ ﻪﻛ ﻪﻧﻮﮕﻧﺁ ﺖﻓﺮﮔ ﺭﺩ ﺍﺭ ﺵﺮﻤﻋ ﺯﺍ ﻪﻫﺩ ﻭﺩ ﺎﻬﻨﺗ ﺪﻳﺎﺷ ﻭ ﻪﺘﺴﻳﺯ ﯽﻤﻧ ﻢﻬﻧ ﻥﺮﻗ .ﺖﺳﺍ ﻩﺪﻧﺍﺭﺬﮔ ﻢﻬﻧ ﻥﺮﻗ ﻦﻓﺪﻣ ﺭﺎﻨﻛ ﺭﺩ ﻱﻭﺮﻫ ﷲ ﻒﻄﻟ ﻪﻜﻨﻳﺍ ﻪﺟﻮﺗ ﺐﻟﺎﺟ ﮥﺘﻜﻧ ﺯﺍ ﯽﻧﺎﺸﻧ ﺪﻳﺎﺷ ﻦﻳﺍ ﻭ ﺖﺳﺍ ﻩﺪﺷ ﻩﺩﺮﭙﺳ ﻙﺎﺧ ﻪﺑ ﻱﺯﺍﺭ ﺮﺨﻓ .ﺪﺷﺎﺑ ﻩﺩﻮﺑ ﻱﻭ ﯽﻋﺎﻤﺘﺟﺍ ﻩﺎﮕﻳﺎﭘ
ﻪﺘﺷﺍﺩ ﺰﻴﻧ ﺮﻌﺷ ﻊﺒﻃ ﷲﻒﻄﻟ ﺎﻳﻮﮔ ،ﺩﺭﺍﻮﻣ ﻦﻳﺍ ﺮﺑ ﻥﻭﺰﻓﺍ :ﺖﺳﺍ ﻩﺩﺭﻭﺁ ﻦﺘﻣ ﺭﺩ ﺍﺭ ﺮﻳﺯ ﻲﺑﺮﻋ ﺖﻴﺑ ﻪﻛ ﺍﺮﭼ ،ﺖﺳﺍ
ﺎﻫﺭﺍﺮـﺳﺃ ﻭ ﺎـﻬﻔﻛ ﻲـﻟﺍ ﺮـﻈﻧﺎﻓ ﺮـﺋﺎﺿ ﻲـﻨﺗﺪﻋﻭﺍ ﻥﺇ ﺖﻧﺍ ﻞـﻫ
ﺖﻴﺑ ﻚﻳ ﺐﻟﺎﻗ ﺭﺩ ﺍﺭ ﻥﺁ «ﻪﻟﺎﺳﺭ ﻢﺟﺮﺘﻤﻟ» ﺕﺭﺎﺒﻋ ﺮﻛﺫ ﺎﺑ ﻭ :ﺖﺳﺍ ﻩﺩﺮﻛ ﻪﻤﺟﺮﺗ ﻢﻔﻛ ﻂﺧ ﻱﻮﺳ ﻪﺑ ﻦﻛ ﻱﺮﻈﻧ ﺭﺮﺿ ﺖﺴﻴﻧ ﻮﺗ ﺯﺍ ﻪﻛ ﻲﻧﺍﺪﺑ ﺎﺗ
ﻊﺑﺎﻨﻣ ﻦﻴﺴﺣ ﺪﻴﺳ ،«ﻱﺯﺍﺭ ﺮﺨﻓ ﺖﺳﺍﺮﻓ ﮥﻟﺎﺳﺭ ﺯﺍ ﻦﻬﻛ ﻱﺍ ﻪﻤﺟﺮﺗ»
ﺵ ،ﻢﻠﻋ ﺦﻳﺭﺎﺗ ﮥﻠﺠﻣ ،ﻩﺩﺍﺯ ﻢﻟﺎﻋ ﻱﺩﺎﻫ ﻭ ﻲﻌﻗﺮﺑ ﻱﻮﺿﺭ .200ـ139 ﺺﺻ ،1384 ﻥﺎﺘﺴﻣﺯ ﻭ ﺰﻴﻳﺎﭘ ،4 گﺭﺰﺑ ﺎﻗﺁ ﺦﻴﺸﻟﺍ ﻪﻣﻼﻌﻟﺍ ،ﻪﻌﻴﺸﻟﺍ ﻒﻴﻧﺎﺼﺗ ﻲﻟﺍ ﻪﻌﻳﺭﺬﻟﺍ
.[ﺎﺗ ﻲﺑ] ،ءﺍﻮﺿﻻﺍﺭﺍﺩ ،ﺕﻭﺮﻴﺑ ،ﻲﻧﺍﺮﻬﻄﻟﺍ ﻲﻨﻴﺴﺤﻟﺍ ﻡﺎﻤﻫ ﻦﺑ ﻦﻳﺪﻟﺍ ﺙﺎﻴﻏ ،4 ﺝ ،ﺮﻴﺴﻟﺍ ﺐﻴﺒﺣ ،ﻡﺎﻴﺧ ،ﻥﺍﺮﻬﺗ ،ﻲﻗﺎﻴﺳﺮﻴﺑﺩ ﺪﻤﺤﻣ ﺮﻈﻧ ﺮﻳﺯ ،(ﺮﻴﻣﺪﻧﺍﻮﺧ)
.ﺵ1362 ﻢﻳﺮﻣ ﻭ ﻩﺩﺍﺯ ﻢﻟﺎﻋ ﻱﺩﺎﻫ ،«ﻲﻣﻼﺳﺍ ﻊﺑﺎﻨﻣ ﺭﺩ ﺖﺳﺍﺮﻓ ﻢﻠﻋ»
،1384 ﻥﺎﺘﺴﻣﺯ ﻭ ﺰﻴﻳﺎﭘ ،4 ﺵ ،ﻢﻠﻋ ﺦﻳﺭﺎﺗ ،ﺎﻴﻧ ﻲﻨﻴﻌﻣ .137ـ125 ﺺﺻ ﺶﺷﻮﻛ ﻪﺑ ،ﻞﻫﺍ ﻒﺳﻮﻳ ﻦﻳﺪﻟﺍ ﻝﻼﺟ ،2 ﺝ ،ﯽﺛﺎﻴﻏ ﺪﺋﺍﺮﻓ
.ﺵ1358 ،ﻥﺍﺮﻳﺍ ﮓﻨﻫﺮﻓ ﺩﺎﻴﻨﺑ ،ﻥﺍﺮﻬﺗ ،ﺪّﻳﺆﻣ ﺖﻤﺸﺣ ،ﻥﺍﺮﻬﺗ ،ﻲﺴﻴﻔﻧ ﺪﻴﻌﺳ ،6 ﺝ ،ﺲﻠﺠﻣ ﮥﻧﺎﺨﺑﺎﺘﻛ ﺖﺳﺮﻬﻓ
.ﺵ1344 ،ﺲﻠﺠﻣ ﮥﻧﺎﺨﭘﺎﭼ ،4 ﺝ ،ﻥﺎﺘﺴﻛﺎﭘ ﻲﺳﺭﺎﻓ ﻲﻄﺧ ﻱﺎﻫ ﻪﺨﺴﻧ ﻙﺮﺘﺸﻣ ﺖﺳﺮﻬﻓ ﻥﺍﺮﻳﺍ ﻲﺳﺭﺎﻓ ﺕﺎﻘﻴﻘﺤﺗ ﺰﻛﺮﻣ ،ﺩﺎﺑﺁ ﻡﻼﺳﺍ ،ﻱﻭﺰﻨﻣ ﺪﻤﺣﺍ
.ﺵ1364 ،ﻥﺎﺘﺴﻛﺎﭘ ﻭ ،ﻱﻭﺰﻨﻣ ﺪﻤﺣﺍ ،1 ﺝ ،ﻲﺳﺭﺎﻓ ﻲﻄﺧ ﻱﺎﻫ ﻪﺨﺴﻧ ﺖﺳﺮﻬﻓ
.ﺵ1349 ،ﻱﺍ ﻪﻘﻄﻨﻣ ﻲﮕﻨﻫﺮﻓ ﮥﺴﺳﺆﻣ ،ﻥﺍﺮﻬﺗ ﻲﺟﺎﻧ ﻦﺴﺤﻣ ﺪﻴﺳ ﺢﻴﺤﺼﺗ ،ﻲﻓﺍﻮﺧ ﺢﻴﺼﻓ ،ﻲﺤﻴﺼﻓ ﻞﻤﺠﻣ
.ﺵ1386 ،ﺮﻴﻃﺎﺳﺍ ،ﻥﺍﺮﻬﺗ ،ﻱﺩﺎﺑﺁﺮﺼﻧ ﺪﻴﺳ ،ﻪﻴﻧﺎﻗﺎﺧ ﻝﺎﻣﻻﺍﺪﺻﺮﻣ ﻭ ﻪﻴﻧﺎﻄﻠﺳ ﻝﺎﺒﻗﻻﺍﺪﺼﻘﻣ ،ﻱﻭﺮﻫ ﻞﻳﺎﻣ ﺶﺷﻮﻛ ﻪﺑ ،ﻆﻋﺍﻭ ﷲ ﺪﺒﻋ ﻦﻳﺪﻟﺍ ﻞﻴﺻﺍ
.ﺵ1351 ،ﻥﺍﺮﻳﺍ ﮓﻨﻫﺮﻓ ﺩﺎﻴﻨﺑ ،ﻥﺍﺮﻬﺗ
ﻞﺻﻮﻣ ﻥﺎﻜﺑﺎﺗﺍ ﺭﺎﺑﺭﺩ ﺭﺩ ﻲﺳﺭﺎﻓ ﻥﺎﺑﺯ
ﻪﻌﻠﻗ ﻕﺁ ﻱﺮﻔﺻ ﻲﻠﻋ
ﻱﺎﻫ ﻪﻨﻴﻣﺯ ﺯﺍ ﻥﺍﺮﻳﺍ ﺭﻭﺎﺠﻣ ﻱﺎﻬﻨﻴﻣﺯﺮﺳ ﺭﺩ ﻲﺳﺭﺎﻓ ﻥﺎﺑﺯ ﺝﺍﻭﺭ ﺪﻨﭼ ﻥﻮﻨﻛﺎﺗ .ﺖﺳﺍ ﻲﺳﺭﺎﻓ ﺏﺩﺍ ﺦﻳﺭﺎﺗ ﺭﺩ ﺶﻫﻭﮋﭘ ﻢﻬﻣ ﺭﺩ ﻲﺳﺭﺎﻓ ﻥﺎﺑﺯ ۀﺭﺎﺑﺭﺩ ﻩﮋﻳﻭ ﻪﺑ ــ ﻪﻨﻴﻣﺯ ﻦﻳﺍ ﺭﺩ ﺶﻫﻭﮋﭘ ﺭﺩ ﻲﺳﺭﺎﻓ ﻥﺎﺑﺯ ﺝﺍﻭﺭ ۀﺭﺎﺑﺭﺩ ﺎﻣﺍ ؛ﺖﺳﺍ ﻩﺪﺷ ﻡﺎﺠﻧﺍ ــ ﻲﻟﻮﻃﺎﻧﺁ ،ﺪﻨﻫﺩ ﻲﻣ ﻞﻴﻜﺸﺗ ﺍﺭ ﻕﺍﺮﻋ ﻦﻳﺯﻭﺮﻣﺍ ﺭﻮﺸﻛ ﻪﻛ ﻲﻳﺎﻬﻨﻴﻣﺯﺮﺳ ﻦﻳﺍ ﺭﺩ .ﺖﺳﺍ ﻩﺪﻴﺳﺮﻧ ﻡﺎﺠﻧﺍ ﻪﺑ ﻱﺮﻴﮕﻤﺸﭼ ﺶﻫﻭﮋﭘ ﺯﻮﻨﻫ ﻲﺳﺭﺎﻓ ﻥﺎﺑﺯ» ﻲﻨﻌﻳ ﻂﺑﺍﻭﺭ ﻦﻳﺍ ﺯﺍ ﻲﻜﭼﻮﻛ ﺶﺨﺑ ﻪﺑ ﻪﺘﺷﻮﻧ .ﻢﻳﺍ ﻪﺘﺧﺍﺩﺮﭘ «ﻞﺻﻮﻣ ﻥﺎﻜﺑﺎﺗﺍ ﺭﺎﺑﺭﺩ ﺭﺩ ﻥﺎﻜﺑﺎﺗﺍ ﮥﻠﺴﻠﺳ ﺯﺍ ﻲﻠﺻﺍ ﮥﺧﺎﺷ «ﻞﺻﻮﻣ ﻥﺎﻜﺑﺎﺗﺍ»
ﺭﺩ ﻕ631 ﺎﺗ 521 ﺩﻭﺪﺣ ﺭﺩ ﻪﻛ ﺪﻨﺷﺎﺑ ﻲﻣ 1ﻱﺮﻘﻨﺴﻗﺁ ﺯﺎﻏﺁ ﺭﺩ ﻥﺎﻨﻳﺍ .ﺪﻨﺘﺷﺍﺩ ﺖﻣﻮﻜﺣ ﻡﺎﺷ ﻭ ﻩﺮﻳﺰﺟ ﺯﺍ ﻲﻳﺎﻬﺸﺨﺑ ﻢﻫ ﻪﺑ ﻲﺗﺭﺪﻗ ﺎﻫﺪﻌﺑ ﺎﻣﺍ ،ﺪﻧﺩﻮﺑ ﻥﺎﻴﻗﻮﺠﻠﺳ ۀﺪﻧﺎﺸﻧ ﺖﺳﺩ ﺭﺎﻛ ﻱﺮﺠﻫ ﻢﺸﺷ ۀﺪﺳ ﺭﺩ ﺭﺍﺬﮔﺮﻴﺛﺄﺗ ﻲﺘﻣﻮﻜﺣ ﻪﺑ ﻭ ﻩﺪﻧﺎﺳﺭ ﻪﻠﺴﻠﺳ ﻦﻳﺍ ﻥﺍﺮﻤﻜﺣ ﻦﻴﺘﺴﺨﻧ .ﺪﻧﺪﺷ ﻝﺪﺑ ﻲﺣﺍﻮﻧ ﻥﺁ ﺭﺩ ﺭﺩ (ﻕ541 ـ 521 ـﻜﺣ) ﺮﻘﻨﺴﻗﺁ ﻦﺑ ﻲﮕﻧﺯ ﻦﻳﺪﻟﺍﺩﺎﻤﻋ ﻩﺎﺸﻜﻠﻣ ﻦﺑﺪﻤﺤﻣ ﻦﺑﺩﻮﻤﺤﻣ ﻥﺎﻄﻠﺳ ﻱﻮﺳ ﺯﺍ ﻕ521 ﻝﺎﺳ ﻩﺪﻳﺰﮔﺮﺑ ﻞﺻﻮﻣ ﺖﻣﻮﻜﺣ ﻪﺑ (ﻕ525 ـ 511 ـﻜﺣ) ﻲﻗﻮﺠﻠﺳ ﺪﺷ ﻩﺩﺮﭙﺳ ﻱﻭ ﻪﺑ ﺩﻮﻤﺤﻣ ﻥﺎﻄﻠﺳ ِﺮﺴﭘ ﻭﺩ ِﻲﻜﺑﺎﺗﺍ ﻭ ﺖﺸﮔ .(368 ﺹ ،ﺪﻳﺪﺟ ﻲﻣﻼﺳﺍ ﻱﺎﻫ ﻪﻠﺴﻠﺳ :ﻚﻧ) ،ﻞﺻﻮﻣ ﺖﻣﻮﻜﺣ ﺮﺑ ﺭﺍﺮﻘﺘﺳﺍ ﻡﺎﮕﻨﻫ ﺮﻘﻨﺴﻗﺁ ﻦﺑ ﻲﮕﻧﺯ ﻲﻧﺎﻬﻔﺻﺍ ﺭﻮﺼﻨﻣ ﻮﺑﺍ ﻦﺑ ﻲﻠﻋ ﻦﺑﺪﻤﺤﻣ ﻦﻳﺪﻟﺍ ﻝﺎﻤﺟ ﻪﻜﻧﺎﻨﭼ ﻭ ﺪﻳﺰﮔﺮﺑ ﺩﻮﺧ ﺕﺭﺍﺯﻭ ﻪﺑ ﺍﺭ 2(ﻲﻠﺻﻮﻣ ﻦﻳﺪﻟﺍ ﻝﺎﻤﺟ) ﻲﺳﺭﺎﻓ ﻥﺎﺑﺯ ﻥﺎﻧﺎﺒﻴﺘﺸﭘ ﻦﻳﺮﺗ ﻢﻬﻣ ﺯﺍ ﺮﻳﺯﻭ ﻦﻳﺍ ،ﺪﻳﺩ ﻢﻴﻫﺍﻮﺧ ،ﺮﻘﻨﺴﻗﺁ ﻦﺑ ﻲﮕﻧﺯ ﻥﺪﺷ ﻪﺘﺸﻛ ﺯﺍ ﺲﭘ .ﺩﻮﺑ ﻪﻴﺣﺎﻧ ﻥﺁ ﺭﺩ ﺮﺑ (ﻕ554 ـ 541 ـﻜﺣ) ﻲﮕﻧﺯ ﻦﺑ ﻱﺯﺎﻏ ﻦﻳﺪﻟﺍ ﻒﻴﺳ ﺵﺮﺴﭘ ﺩﻮﺧ ﺕﺭﺍﺯﻭ ﺮﺑ ﺍﺭ ﻲﻠﺻﻮﻣ ﻦﻳﺪﻟﺍ ﻝﺎﻤﺟ ﺰﻴﻧ ﻭﺍ ﻭ ﺪﻣﺁ ﺭﺎﻛ ﺮﺳ ﻦﻳﺪﻟﺍ ﺐﻄﻗ ﺵﺭﺩﺍﺮﺑ ،ﻱﺯﺎﻏ ﻦﻳﺪﻟﺍ ﻒﻴﺳ ﺯﺍ ﺲﭘ .ﺖﺷﺍﺩ ﺭﺮﻘﻣ ﻱﻭ ﻭ ﺪﺷ ﻥﺍﺮﻤﻜﺣ (ﻕ565 ـ 554 ـﻜﺣ) ﻲﮕﻧﺯ ﻦﺑ ﺩﻭﺩﻮﻣ ﺩﺮﻛ ﻝﻮﺤﻣ ﻦﻳﺪﻟﺍ ﻝﺎﻤﺟ ﻪﺑ ﻲﻟﺎﺳ ﺪﻨﭼ ﺍﺭ ﺩﻮﺧ ﺕﺭﺍﺯﻭ ﺰﻴﻧ ﻚﻳ ﻪﻛ ﺩﺮﻛ ﺱﻮﺒﺤﻣ ﺍﺭ ﻦﻳﺪﻟﺍ ﻝﺎﻤﺟ ﻕ 558 ﻝﺎﺳ ﺭﺩ ﺎﻣﺍ ﻪﻧﻮﮔ ﻥﺁ .ﺖﺷﺬﮔﺭﺩ ﻥﺍﺪﻧﺯ ﺭﺩ ﻕ559 ِﻥﺎﺒﻌﺷ ﺭﺩ ﺪﻌﺑ ﻝﺎﺳ ﺮﻳﺯﻭ ﻭ ﻥﺍﺮﻤﻜﺣ ﻪﺳ ﻦﻳﺍ ۀﺭﻭﺩ ﺭﺩ ،ﺪﻳﺁ ﻲﻣﺮﺑ ﺪﻫﺍﻮﺷ ﺯﺍ ﻪﻛ ﺍﺬﻟ ﻭ ﺖﺳﺍ ﻪﺘﺷﺍﺩ ﺝﺍﻭﺭ ﻞﺻﻮﻣ ﺭﺎﺑﺭﺩ ﺭﺩ ﻲﺳﺭﺎﻓ ﻥﺎﺑﺯ ﻥﺎﻧﺁ ﻲﺨﻳﺭﺎﺗ ﺐﻴﺗﺮﺗ ﻪﺑ ﻢﻳﺭﺍﺩ ﺖﺳﺩ ﺭﺩ ﻪﻛ ﺍﺭ ﻱﺪﻫﺍﻮﺷ ﺎﺠﻨﻳﺍ ﺭﺩ .ﻢﻳﺮﻤﺷ ﻲﻣﺮﺑ ﺭﺎﺑﺭﺩ ﺭﺩ ﻲﺳﺭﺎﻓ ﻥﺎﺑﺯ ﺝﺍﻭﺭ ﺪﻫﺍﻮﺷ ﻦﻳﺮﺗ ﻦﻬﻛ ﺯﺍ ﻲﻜﻳ
ﮥﻣﻮﻈﻨﻣ ﻱﻭ .ﺪﺷﺎﺑ ﻲﻣ ﻲﻧﺍﻭﺮﺷ ﻲﻧﺎﻗﺎﺧ ﻪﺑ ﻁﻮﺑﺮﻣ ﻞﺻﻮﻣ ﻦﻳﺪﻟﺍ ﻝﺎﻤﺟ ﻪﺑ ﻕ551 ﻝﺎﺳ ﻪﺑ ﺍﺭ ﻦﻴﻗﺍﺮﻌﻟﺍﺔﻔﺤﺗ ﺩﻮﺧ ﺍﺭ ﻭﺍ ﺭﺎﺑ ﻦﻳﺪﻨﭼ ،ﻥﺁ ﻝﻼﺧ ﺭﺩ ﻭ ﻩﺩﺮﻛ ﺶﻜﺸﻴﭘ ﻲﻠﺻﻮﻣ ﺯﺍ ﺩﻮﺧ پﺎﭼ ﮥﻣﺪﻘﻣ ﺭﺩ ﺎﻫﺮﻄﺳ ﻦﻳﺍ ۀﺪﻧﺭﺎﮕﻧ .ﺖﺳﺍ ﻩﺩﻮﺘﺳ ﻝﺎﻤﺘﺣﺍ ﻪﺑ ﻪﻛ ﺪﺷ ﺭﻭﺁﺩﺎﻳ («ﻭﺩ ﻭ ﻲﺳ» ﺹ) ﻦﻴﻗﺍﺮﻌﻟﺍﺔﻔﺤﺗ ﻲﻳﺎﻬﻳﺭﺍﻮﺷﺩ ﺭﺎﭼﺩ ﺞﺣ ﺮﻔﺳ ﺭﺩ ﻲﻧﺎﻗﺎﺧ ﻪﻛ ﻲﻣﺎﮕﻨﻫ ﺭﺎﻴﺴﺑ ﺍﺬﻟ ﻭ ﻩﺪﻧﺎﺳﺭ ﻱﺭﺎﻳ ﺍﺭ ﻭﺍ ﻲﻠﺻﻮﻣ ﻦﻳﺪﻟﺍ ﻝﺎﻤﺟ ،ﺩﻮﺑ ﻩﺪﺷ .ﺖﺳﺍ ﻩﺩﺮﻛ ﺶﻜﺸﻴﭘ ﻭﺪﺑ ﺍﺭ ﺵﺮﺛﺍ ﻲﻧﺎﻗﺎﺧ ﺍﺭ ﻲﻠﺻﻮﻣ ﻝﺎﻤﺟ ﺭﺎﺑ ﺪﻨﭼ ﺰﻴﻧ ﺩﻮﺧ ﻥﺍﻮﻳﺩ ﺭﺩ ﻲﻧﺎﻗﺎﺧ ﻥﺍﻮﻳﺩ) ﻥﺎﻬﻔﺻﺍ ﺶﻳﺎﺘﺳ ۀﺪﻴﺼﻗ ﺭﺩ ﻪﻠﻤﺟ ﺯﺍ .ﺖﺳﺍ ﻩﺩﻮﺘﺳ ﺭﺩ ﻱﻭ ﻱﺎﻄﻋ ﺭﺎﻨﻳﺩ ﺭﺍﺰﻫ ﻪﺑ (356 ـ 355 ﺺﺻ ،ﻲﻧﺎﻗﺎﺧ :ﺖﺳﺍ ﻩﺩﺮﻛ ﻩﺭﺎﺷﺍ ﺩﻮﺧ ﻖﺣ ﻞﺻﻮﻣ ﺕﺮﻀﺣ ﻪﺑ ﻒﻟﺍ ﻥﻮﻧ ﺎﺛ ﻪﻨﺳ ﺭﺩ ﻥﺎﻫﺎﻔﺻ ﻱﺍﺰﺳ ﻒﻟﺍ ﻥﻮـﻧ ﺎﺛ ﻡﺪـﻧﺍﺭ
ﺪـﻤﺤﻣ ﻝﺎـﻤﺟ ،ﻡﺩ ﻞـﻳﺮـﺒﺟ ﺐـﺣﺎﺻ ﻥﺎﻫﺎﻔﺻ ﻱﺎﻔﻄﺻﺍ ﻡﺭﺍﺩ ﺶﻣﺮﻛ ﺰﻛ
ﺪـﻴﺷﺭﻮـﺧ ﮥـﺠـﻴﺘﻧ ﻡﺮـﺘﺧﺍ ﺭﺍﺰـﻫ ﺩﺍﺩ ﻥﺎﻫﺎﻔﺻ ﻱﺎﻤﺳ ﻱﺮﻌﺷ ﺮﻬﮔ ﻪﺑ ﻥﺁ
ﺭﺩ ﯽﻠﺻﻮﻣ ﻝﺎﻤﺟ ﻡﺎﻧ ﻱﻭﺭ ﺯﺍ ﻥﺍﻮﺗ ﻲﻣ ﺍﺭ ﺮﮕﻳﺩ ﺩﺭﺍﻮﻣ ﺩﺮﻛﺩﺎﻳ ﻪﺑ ﻱﺯﺎﻴﻧ ﺎﺠﻨﻳﺍ ﺭﺩ ﻭ ﺩﺮﻛ ﻮﺠﺘﺴﺟ ﻲﻧﺎﻗﺎﺧ ﻥﺍﻮﻳﺩ
.ﺖﺴﻴﻧ ﺎﻬﻧﺁ ﮥﻤﻫ ﻥﺎﻜﺑﺎﺗﺍ ﺭﺎﺑﺭﺩ ﺭﺩ ﻲﺳﺭﺎﻓ ﺝﺍﻭﺭ ﺪﻫﺍﻮﺷ ﺯﺍ ﺮﮕﻳﺩ ﻲﻜﻳ :ﻥﺍﻮﻨﻋ ﺎﺑ ﻩﺪﺷ پﺎﭼ) ﻪﻨﻣﺩ ﻭ ﻪﻠﻴﻠﻛ ﻲﺳﺭﺎﻓ ﮥﻤﺟﺮﺗ ،ﻞﺻﻮﻣ ﻥﺎﻤﻫ ﺖﻣﻮﻜﺣ ۀﺭﻭﺩ ﺭﺩ ﻪﻛ ﺖﺳﺍ (ﻱﺎﭘﺪﻴﺑ ﻱﺎﻬﻧﺎﺘﺳﺍﺩ
ّﷲﺪﺒﻋ ﻦﺑ ﺪﻤﺤﻣ ﺖﺳﺩ ﺮﺑ ﻲﮕﻧﺯ ﻦﺑ ﻱﺯﺎﻏ ﻦﻳﺪﻟﺍ ﻒﻴﺳ ﺏﺎﺘﻛ ﮥﺟﺎﺒﻳﺩ ﺭﺩ ﻱﺭﺎﺨﺑ .ﺖﺳﺍ ﻩﺪﻴﺳﺭ ﻡﺎﺠﻧﺍ ﻪﺑ ﻱﺭﺎﺨﺒﻟﺍ ﻩﺩﺮﻛ ﻩﺭﺎﺷﺍ ﻪﻧﻮﮔ ﻦﻳﺪﺑ ﻢﻛﺎﺣ ﻦﻳﺍ ﺏﺎﻘﻟﺍ ﻭ ﻡﺎﻧ ﻪﺑ (36 ﺹ) ءﺍﺮﻣﺍ ﻚﻠﻣ ،ﻦﻴﻗﺍﺮﻌﻟﺍﺮﻴﻣﺍ ،ﻦﻴﻤﻠﺴﻤﻟﺍ ﺭﻮﻐﺛ ﻲﻣﺎﺣ ...» :ﺖﺳﺍ ﻩﺎﺸﻧﺎﻫﺎﺷ ،ﻥﺍﺭﻮﺗ ﺭﺎﻳﺮﻬﺷ ،ﻥﺍﺮﻳﺍ ﻭﺮﺴﺧ ،ﺏﺮﻐﻟﺍ ﻭ ﻕﺮﺸﻟﺍ
ﻪﻛ ﺪﻧﺍ ﻩﺪﻧﺍﻮﺧ «ﻲﮕﻧﺯ ﻥﺎﻜﺑﺎﺗﺍ» ﻡﺎﻧ ﺎﺑ ﻊﺑﺎﻨﻣ ﻲﺧﺮﺑ ﺭﺩ ﺍﺭ ﻪﻠﺴﻠﺳ ﻦﻳﺍ .1 ﻕﻼﻃﺍ ﺍﺬﻟ ﻭ ﺩﻮﺷ ﻲﻣ (ﻥﺎﻳﺮﻐﻠﺳ) ﺱﺭﺎﻓ ﻥﺎﻜﺑﺎﺗﺍ ﺎﺑ ﻩﺎﺒﺘﺷﺍ ﺐﺟﻮﻣ
.ﺪﻳﺎﻤﻧ ﻲﻣ ﺮﺗ ﺐﺳﺎﻨﻣ ﻱﺮﻘﻨﺴﻗﺁ ﻝﺎﻤﺟ» ﻭ «ﻲﻠﺻﻮﻣ ﻝﺎﻤﺟ» ﻡﺎﻧ ﺎﺑ ﻱﻭ ﺯﺍ ﻩﺭﻭﺩ ﻥﺎﻤﻫ ﻥﻮﺘﻣ ﺭﺩ .2 ﺹ ،2 ﺝ ،ﻱﺭﻮﻧﺍ ﻥﺍﻮﻳﺩ ؛579 ﺹ ،ﺾﻘﻧ :ًﻼﺜﻣ) ﻩﺪﺷ ﺩﺎﻳ «ﻞﺻﻮﻣ ﻪﺘﺷﻮﻧ ﻦﻳﺍ ﺭﺩ ﺍﺬﻟ ﻭ (139 ﺹ ،ﻞﺋﺎﺳﺮﻟﺍ ﻦﻣ ﺕﺍﺭﺎﺘﺨﻤﻟﺍ ؛734 ﻱﺎﻴﻧ ــ ﺭﻮﺼﻨﻣ ﻲﺑﺍ ﻪﻜﻨﻳﺍ ﻲﻨﺘﻔﮔ .ﻢﻳﺩﺮﻛ ﻩﺩﺎﻔﺘﺳﺍ ﻡﺎﻧ ﻦﻴﻤﻫ ﺯﺍ ﻲﻠﻋ ﺵﺭﺪﭘ ﻭ ﻲﻗﻮﺠﻠﺳ ﻩﺎﺸﻜﻠﻣ ﻥﺎﻄﻠﺳ ﻥﺎﺑﺯﻮﻳ ــ ﻲﻠﺻﻮﻣ ﻝﺎﻤﺟ .ﺖﺳﺍ ﻩﺩﻮﺑ ﻩﺭﻭﺩ ﻥﺁ ﻥﺍﺮﻋﺎﺷ ﺯﺍ
ﻎﻠﺘﻗ ﺞﻧﺎﻨﻳﺍ ﻱﺯﺎﻏ ﺐﻟﺍ ﻥﻼﺳﺭﺍ ﺝﺍ ،ﻥﺎﻬﺟ ﻥﺍﻮﻠﻬﭘ ،ﻡﺎﺸﻟﺍ ﺮﻘﻨﺳ ﻕﺍ ﻦﺑ ﻲﮕﻧﺯ ﻦﺑ ﻱﺯﺎﻏ ﺮﻔﻈﻤﻟﺍﻮﺑﺍ ﻚﺑﺎﺗﺍ ﻦﻴﮕﺘﻟﺮﻐﻃ
«...ﻦﻴﻨﻣﺆﻤﻟﺍﺮﻴﻣﺍ ﺮﻴﺼﻧ ﻥﺎﻣﺮﻓ ﻪﺑ ﻪﻤﺟﺮﺗ ﻪﻛ ﺖﺳﺍ ﻦﻳﺍ ﺮﺛﺍ ۀﺭﺎﺑﺭﺩ ﻢﻬﻣ ﮥﺘﻜﻧ ﺏﺎﺘﻛ ﮥﺟﺎﺒﻳﺩ ﺭﺩ ﻢﺟﺮﺘﻣ ﻪﻜﻧﺎﻨﭼ ،ﻩﺪﺷ ﻡﺎﺠﻧﺍ ﻩﺎﺷﺩﺎﭘ ﻦﻴﻤﻫ ﻭ ...ﺪﻧﺍﻮﺧ ﻦﺘﺸﻳﻮﺧ ﺶﻴﭘ ﺍﺭ ﻡﺩﺎﺧ» :ﺪﺴﻳﻮﻧ ﻲﻣ (38 ﺹ) ﻥﺎﺸﻓﺍﺭﺩ ﻥﺎﺑﺯ ﻭ ﺪﻧﺎﺸﻨﺑ ــ ﷲ ﻩﻼﻋﺍ ــ ﻲﻟﺎﻋ ﺖﺨﺗ ﺶﻴﭘ ﻲﺠﻨﮔ ﻪﻨﻣﺩ ﻭ ﻪﻠﻴﻠﻛ ﺏﺎﺘﻛ ﻦﻳﺍ” :ﻪﻛ ﺖﻔﮔ ﻭ ﺩﺎﺸﮔﺮﺑ ﺍﺭ ﺎﻣ ﺲﻠﺠﻣ ﻥﺎﮕﺘﺳﻮﻴﭘ ﺯﺍ ﻲﻀﻌﺑ ...ﻆﻋﺍﻮﻣ ﻭ ﻢﻜﺣ ﺮُﭘ ﺖﺳﺍ ﻲﺳﺭﺎﭘ ﻥﺎﺑﺯ ﻪﺑ ﻱﺯﺎﺗ ﻥﺎﺑﺯ ﺯﺍ ﺏﺎﺘﻛ ﻦﻳﺍ ﻪﻛ ﺪﻧﺍ ﻩﺩﺮﻛ ﻭﺯﺭﺁ
ﻮﺗ ِﺕﺭﺎﺒﻋ ﺎﺑ ﺎﻣ ِﺖﻌﺒﺗ ﻭ ﺕﺮﻀﺣ ِﻥﺎﻜﻳﺩﺰﻧﻭ .ﺩﻮﺷ ﻩﺩﺮﻛ ﻞﻘﻧ ﻪﻛ ﺎﻧﺎﻤﻫ ﻱﺭﻭﺁ ﺭﺎﻛ ﻦﻳﺍ ﻪﺑ ﻱﻭﺭ ﺪﻨﭼ ﻱﺯﻭﺭ ﺮﮔﺍ ،ﺪﻧﺍ ﻩﺩﺮﻛ ﻮﺧ
«.“ﺪﺷﺎﺑ ﺮﺗ ﻞﻣﺎﺷ ﻊﻔﻧ ﺍﺭ ﺏﺎﺘﻛ ﻦﻳﺍ ِﺖﻤﻜﺣ ﻭ ﺪﻨﭘ ﺖﻴﻤﻫﺍ ﺎﻣ ﻱﻮﮕﺘﻔﮔ ﺩﺭﻮﻣ ﻉﻮﺿﻮﻣ ۀﺭﺎﺑﺭﺩ ﺕﺍﺭﺎﺒﻋ ﻦﻳﺍ ﻥﺎﺑﺯ ﻞﺻﻮﻣ ﺭﺎﺑﺭﺩ ﺭﺩ ﺪﻨﻛ ﻲﻣ ﺖﺑﺎﺛ ﻪﻛ ﺍﺮﭼ ،ﺩﺭﺍﺩ ﻱﺍ ﻩﮋﻳﻭ
.ﺖﺳﺍ ﻪﺘﺷﺍﺩ ﺝﺍﻭﺭ ﻱﺯﺎﺗ ﺯﺍ ﺶﻴﺑ ﻲﺳﺭﺎﻓ ﻦﻳﺪﻟﺍ ﺐﻄﻗ ﻪﻠﺴﻠﺳ ﻦﻳﺍ ﻱﺪﻌﺑ ﻢﻛﺎﺣ ،ﺪﺷ ﺩﺎﻳ ﻪﻜﻧﺎﻨﭼ ۀﺭﻭﺩ ﻱﺎﻫ ﺩﺍﺪﻳﻭﺭ ﻦﻳﺮﺗ ﻢﻬﻣ ﺯﺍ ﻲﻜﻳ .ﺖﺳﺍ ﻲﮕﻧﺯ ﻦﺑﺩﻭﺩﻮﻣ .ﺪﺷﺎﺑ ﻲﻣ (ﻕ 555) ﻭﺍ ﺖﻨﻄﻠﺳ ﺯﺍ ﻝﺎﺳ ﻦﻴﻣﻭﺩ ﻪﺑ ﻁﻮﺑﺮﻣ ﻱﻭ ﺪﻤﺤﻣ ﻥﺎﻄﻠﺳ ﺖﺷﺬﮔﺭﺩ ﺯﺍ ﺲﭘ ﻪﻛ ﺖﺳﺍ ﺭﺍﺮﻗ ﻦﻳﺍ ﺯﺍ ﺍﺮﺟﺎﻣ ،ﺭﻭﺪﺼﻟﺍﺔﺣﺍﺭ :ﻚﻧ) ﻕ 554 ﻝﺎﺳ ﻪﺑ ﻲﻗﻮﺠﻠﺳ ﺩﻮﻤﺤﻣ ﻦﺑ .ﺪﻣﺁ ﺶﻴﭘ ﺮﻈﻧ ﻑﻼﺘﺧﺍ ﻭﺍ ﻲﻨﻴﺸﻧﺎﺟ ﺮﺳ ﺮﺑ (270 ﺹ ﻪﻛ ﺪﻨﺘﻓﺮﮔ ﻢﻴﻤﺼﺗ ﻲﻗﻮﺠﻠﺳ ﻱﺍﺮﻣﺍ ﺯﺍ ﻱﺭﺎﻤﺷ ﻡﺎﺠﻧﺍﺮﺳ .ﺪﻨﻧﺎﺸﻨﺑ ﺖﻨﻄﻠﺳ ﺖﺨﺗ ﻪﺑ ﺍﺭ ﻩﺎﺸﻜﻠﻣ ﻦﺑ ﺪﻤﺤﻣ ﻦﺑ ﻥﺎﻤﻴﻠﺳ ﻥﺎﺠﻳﺎﺑﺭﺫﺁ ﺭﺩ ﺩﻮﻤﺤﻣ ﻦﺑﺪﻤﺤﻣ ﺯﺍ ،ﻥﺁ ﺯﺍ ﺶﻴﭘ ﻱﺪﻨﭼ ﻱﻭ ﻡﺎﺷ ﻥﺎﻳﺮﻜﺸﻟ ﺖﺳﺩ ﻪﺑ ﻞﺻﻮﻣ ﻩﺍﺭ ﺭﺩ ﻭ ﻩﺩﺭﻮﺧ ﺖﺴﻜﺷ ﺹ ،ءﺍﺭﺯﻮﻟﺍ ﺦﻳﺭﺎﺗ :ﻚﻧ) ﺩﻮﺑ ﺪﻨﺑﺮﻬﺷ ﻞﺻﻮﻣ ﺭﺩ ﻭ ﻩﺪﺷ ﺮﻴﺳﺍ ﺩﻭﺩﻮﻣ ﻦﻳﺪﻟﺍ ﺐﻄﻗ ﺯﺍ ﺍﺬﻟ ﻭ (266 ﺹ ،ﺭﻭﺪﺼﻟﺍﺔﺣﺍﺭ ؛176 گﺭﺰﺑ ِﻥﺎﻴﻗﻮﺠﻠﺳ ﺖﺨﺘﻳﺎﭘ ــ ﻥﺍﺪﻤﻫ ﻪﺑ ﺍﺭ ﻭﺍ ﻪﻛ ﺪﻨﺘﺳﺍﻮﺧ ﻲﻫﺍﺭ ﺭﺎﻴﺴﺑ گﺮﺑ ﻭ ﺯﺎﺳ ﺎﺑ ﺍﺭ ﻭﺍ ﻦﻳﺪﻟﺍ ﺐﻄﻗ .ﺪﻨﻛ ﻲﻫﺍﺭ ــ ﻩﺪﻴﺳﺭ ﺮﻬﺷ ﻥﺁ ﻪﺑ ﻕ 555 ﻝﺎﺳ ﺭﺩ ﺪﻤﺤﻣ ﻦﺑ ﻥﺎﻤﻴﻠﺳ ﻭ ﺩﺮﻛ ﺭﺩ (275 ﺹ) ﺭﻭﺪﺼﻟﺍﺔﺣﺍﺭ ﺭﺩ .ﺖﺴﺸﻧ ﺖﻨﻄﻠﺳ ﺖﺨﺗ ﻪﺑ ﻭ .ﺖﻓﺮﮔ ﺭﺍﺮﻗ ﻦﻤﻴﻠﺳ ﻥﺎﻄﻠﺳ ﺮﺑ ﻱﺍﺭ ...» :ﺖﺳﺍ ﻩﺪﻣﺁ ﻩﺭﺎﺑ ﻦﻳﺍ ﺩﻭﺩﻮﻣ ﻦﻳﺪﻟﺍ ﺐﻄﻗ ﻚﺑﺎﺗﺍ .ﺖﻓﺭ ﻞﺻﻮﻣ ﻪﺑ ﻭﺍ ِﻥﺪﻧﺍﻮﺧ ﻪﺑ ﺲﻛ
«...ﺩﺮﻛ ﻞﻴﺴﮔ ﻡﺎﻤﺗ ﻱﺯﺎﺳ ﻭ ﻲﺘﺒـْﻫﺍ ﺎﺑ ﺍﺭ ﻭﺍ ﺯﺍ ﮓﻧﺭﺩ ﻲﺑ ،ﺩﺍﺪﻳﻭﺭ ﻦﻳﺍ ﺩﺮﻛﺩﺎﻳ ﺯﺍ ﺲﭘ ﻱﺪﻧﻭﺍﺭ ﺭﺩ (ﻑﺮﺷﺍ) ﻱﻮﻧﺰﻏ ﻦﺴﺣ ﺪﻴﺳ ﻪﻛ ﺪﻨﻛ ﻲﻣ ﺩﺎﻳ ﻱﺍ ﻩﺪﻴﺼﻗ .ﺖﺳﺍ ﻩﺪﻧﺍﻮﺧ ﻭﺍ ﺭﻮﻀﺣ ﺭﺩ ﻭ ﻩﺩﻭﺮﺳ ﻭﺍ ﺖﻨﻄﻠﺳ ﺖﻴﻨﻬﺗ ﻩﺩﺮﺑ ﻲﻣ ﺮﺳ ﻪﺑ ﻥﺍﺪﻤﻫ ﺭﺩ ﻥﺎﻣﺯ ﻥﺁ ﺭﺩ ﻦﺴﺣ ﺪﻴﺳ ﻦﻳﺍﺮﺑﺎﻨﺑ
ﻱﺍ ﻩﺪﻴﺼﻗ (9 ـ 7 ﺺﺻ) ﻱﻮﻧﺰﻏ ﻦﺴﺣﺪﻴﺳ ﻥﺍﻮﻳﺩ ﺭﺩ .ﺖﺳﺍ ﺭﺩ ﻪﻛ ﺖﺳﺍ ﻩﺪﺷ ﺝﺭﺩ ﻲﻠﺻﻮﻣ ﻦﻳﺪﻟﺍ ﻝﺎﻤﺟ ﺶﻳﺎﺘﺳ ﺭﺩ :ﺖﺳﺍ ﻩﺪﺷ ﻩﺭﺎﺷﺍ ﻦﻴﻨﭼ ﺡﻭﺪﻤﻣ ﻡﺎﻧ ﻭ ﺐﻘﻟ ﻪﺑ ﺎﺠﻧﺁ
ﻢﺸﭼ ﮥﻟﺎﺒﻧﺩ ﺯﺍ ﺵﺩﺮﻛ ﺕﺩﺎﻌﺳ ... ﺕﺭﺎﺷﺍ ﻦﻳﺪﻟﺍ ﻝﺎﻤﺟ ﺎﻧﻻﻮﻣ ﻪﺑ
ﺪـﻤﺤﻣ ﻲـﻧﺎﺛ ﻢـﺗﺎﺣ ﻪـﺘﺴﺠﺧ ﺕﺭﺎﻏ ﺩﺮﻛ ﺎﻬﻧﺎﻛ ﻚﻠﻣ ﺵﺩﻮﺟ ﻪﻛ
ﻩﺪﺷ ﺩﻮﺧ ﺞﺣ ﺮﻔﺳ ﺭﻭﺁﺩﺎﻳ ﻩﺪﻴﺼﻗ ﻥﺎﻤﻫ ﺭﺩ ﻦﺴﺣﺪﻴﺳ ﺮﺑ ﻥﺎﺸﻳﺍ ﮥﺿﻭﺭ ﺮﻴﻤﻌﺗ ﻪﺑ «ﺹ» ﺮﺒﻣﺎﻴﭘ ﺕﺮﻀﺣ ﻝﻮﻗ ﺯﺍ ﻭ
:ﺪﻨﻛ ﻲﻣ ﻩﺭﺎﺷﺍ ﻲﻠﺻﻮﻣ ﻝﺎﻤﺟ ﺖﺳﺩ ﻪﻨﻳﺪﻣ ﻱﻮﺳ ﻡﺪـﺷ ﻪـﻜﻣ ﺯﺍ ﻮﭼ ﺕﺭﺎـﻳﺯ ﻖــﻴـﻓﻮﺗ ﺩﺍﺩ ﻢـﻳﺍﺪـﺧ
ﺏﻮﺧ ﻲﻔﻄﺼﻣ ﻡّﺪﺟ ﺩﺍﺩ ﻲﻣﺎﻴﭘ ... ﺖﻟﺎﺳﺭ ﻡﺪﻴﻧﺎﺳﺭ ﻱﺭﻮﺘﺳﺩ ﻪﺑ
ﻞﺒﻘﻣ ﻝﻮﺒﻘﻣ ﮥﺟﺍﻮﺧ ﻱﺎﻛ ﻮـﮕﺑ ﺕﺭﺎــﻣﺍ ﺭﺍﻭﺍﺰـﺳ ﺖـﻧﺎــﻣﻼــﻏ
ﺍﺩﺎــﺑ ﺭﻮــﻤﻌﻣ ﻮـﺗ ﺮـﻤﻋ ﻱﺎـﻨﺑ ﺕﺭﺎـﻤﻋ ﺍﺭ ﺎﻣ ﮥﺿﻭﺭ ﻱﺩﺮـﻛ ﻪﻛ
ﻦﺴﺣ ﺪﻴﺳ ﻥﺍﻮﻳﺩ ﮥﻣﺪﻘﻣ ﺭﺩ ﻱﻮﺿﺭ ﺱﺭﺪﻣ ﺩﺎﻳ ﻩﺪﻧﺯ ﺞﺣ ﺮﻔﺳ ﺪﻳﺎﺷ ﻪﻛ ﻩﺩﺮﻛ ﻩﺭﺎﺷﺍ (379 ﺹ) ﻱﻮﻧﺰﻏ ﺮﻔﺳ ﻪﻛ ﺩﻭﺭ ﻲﻣ ﻥﺎﻤﮔ ﺎﻣﺍ ﻩﺩﻮﺑ ﻕ545 ﻝﺎﺳ ﺭﺩ ﻦﺴﺣﺪﻴﺳ ﻪﻛ ﺍﺮﭼ ؛ﺪﺷﺎﺑ ﻩﺩﺎﺘﻓﺍ ﻕﺎﻔﺗﺍ ﻕ555 ﻝﺎﺳ ﻦﻴﻤﻫ ﺭﺩ ﻱﻭ ﺞﺣ ﺯﺍ ،ﺪﻧﺪﺷ ﻲﻣ ﺞﺣ ﺮﻔﺳ ﻲﻫﺍﺭ ﻥﺍﺮﻳﺍ ﺯﺍ ﻪﻛ ﻲﻳﺎﻬﻧﺍﻭﺭﺎﻛ ًﻻﻮﺻﺍ ﻪﻨﻳﺪﻣ ﻭ ﻪﻜﻣ ﻲﻫﺍﺭ ﺎﺠﻧﺁ ﺯﺍ ﻭ ﺪﻨﺘﻓﺭ ﯽﻣ ﺩﺍﺪﻐﺑ ﻪﺑ ﻥﺍﺪﻤﻫ ﻩﺍﺭ ﻭ ﻢﻳﻮﺷ ﻉﻮﺿﻮﻣ ﻥﺁ ﺩﺭﺍﻭ ﻢﻴﻫﺍﻮﺧ ﻲﻤﻧ ﺎﺠﻨﻳﺍ ﺭﺩ .ﺪﻧﺪﺷ ﻲﻣ ﺲﭘ ﻦﺴﺣ ﺪﻴﺳ ﻪﻛ ﺖﺳﺍ ﻪﺘﻜﻧ ﻦﻳﺍ ﺩﺮﻛﺩﺎﻳ ﻥﺎﻣﺪﺼﻗ ﺮﺘﺸﻴﺑ ﻩﺩﻮﺑ ﻕ 555 ﻝﺎﺳ ﻪﺑ ًﻻﺎﻤﺘﺣﺍ ﻪﻛ ــ ﺞﺣ ﺮﻔﺳ ﺯﺍ ﺖﺸﮔﺯﺎﺑ ﺯﺍ .ﺖﺳﺍ ﻩﺩﻭﺮﺳ ﻲﻠﺻﻮﻣ ﻝﺎﻤﺟ ﺶﻳﺎﺘﺳ ﺭﺩ ﻱﺍ ﻩﺪﻴﺼﻗ ــ ﻱﺍ ﻩﺪﻴﺼﻗ ،ﻞﺻﻮﻣ ﺭﺩ ﻲﺳﺭﺎﻓ ﻥﺎﺑﺯ ﺝﺍﻭﺭ ﺯﺍ ﺮﮕﻳﺩ ﮥﻧﻮﻤﻧ ﻦﺑ ﻲﮕﻧﺯ ﻦﺑﺩﻭﺩﻮﻣ ﻦﻳﺪﻟﺍ ﺐﻄﻗ ﻥﺁ ﺭﺩ ﻪﻛ ﺖﺳﺍ ﻱﺭﻮﻧﺍ ﺯﺍ ﺪﻨﻠﺑ 44 ﺹ ،1 ﺝ ،ﻱﺭﻮﻧﺍ ﻥﺍﻮﻳﺩ :ﻚﻧ) ﺖﺳﺍ ﻩﺩﻮﺘﺳ ﺍﺭ ﺮﻘﻨﺴﻗﺁ ـ 213 ﺺﺻ ،1 ﺝ) ﻱﺭﻮﻧﺍ ﻥﺍﻮﻳﺩ ﺭﺩ ﻩﺪﻴﺼﻗ ﻦﻳﺍ .(ﻪﻣﺪﻘﻣ ﻪﻛ ﻩﺎﺗﻮﻛ ﻱﺍ ﻪﻣﺎﻧﺪﻨﮔﻮﺳ ﺭﺩ ﻱﺭﻮﻧﺍ .ﺖﺳﺍ ﻩﺪﺷ ﺝﺭﺩ (219 ﺹ) ﻩﺩﺮﻛ ﺝﺭﺩ ﻩﺪﻴﺼﻗ ﮥﻧﺎﻴﻣ ﺭﺩ ﺩﻮﺧ ﻞﻳﺎﻀﻓ ﺭﺎﻬﻇﺍ ﻱﺍﺮﺑ :ﺖﺳﺍ ﻩﺩﻮﻤﻧ ﻩﺭﺎﺷﺍ ﻦﻴﻨﭼ ﺡﻭﺪﻤﻣ ﺐﻘﻟ ﻪﺑ (217
ﻦﻳﺪﻟﺍ ﺐﻄﻗ ﺭﺎﻳﺮﻬﺷ ﻥﺎﻬﺟ ﻱﺎﭘ ﻙﺎﺧ ﻪﺑ ﺮﺴﻜﻳ ﺎﻫ ﻪﻣﺎﻧﺪﻨﮔﻮﺳ ﺮﺨﻔﻣ ﺖﺴﻫ ﻪﻛ
ﻭ ﻡﺎﻧ ﻪﺑ (218 ﺹ ،ﻥﺎﻤﻫ) ﺮﮕﻳﺩ ﻱﺎﺟ ﺭﺩ ﻦﻴﻨﭽﻤﻫ :ﺪﻨﻛ ﻲﻣ ﻩﺭﺎﺷﺍ ﺡﻭﺪﻤﻣ ﺐﺴﻧ ﻲـﮕـﻧﺯ ﻦﺑ ﻩﺎـﺷﺩﻭﺩﻮـﻣ ﺖﻟﻭﺩ ﻡﺎﻧ ﻪﺑ ﺭﻭﺁ ﻱﺎﺠﺑ ﻲﺘﺳﻭﺩ ﻭ ﻲﻣﺩﺮﻣ ﻭ ﺭﺎـﻴﺑ
ﺮﻫ ﻪﻛ ــ ﻱﻭ ﺪﻧﺯﺮﻓ ﻭﺩ ﺯﺍ (219 ﺹ ،ﻥﺎﻤﻫ) ﻪﻟﺎﺒﻧﺩ ﺭﺩ ﻭ :ﺪﻨﻛ ﻲﻣ ﺩﺎﻳ ﻪﻧﻮﮔ ﻦﻳﺪﺑ ــ ﺪﻨﺘﺴﺸﻧ ﺖﺨﺗ ﺮﺑ ﺭﺪﭘ ﺯﺍ ﺲﭘ ﻭﺩ
ﺎﺨﺳ ﺖﺧﺭﺩ ﻦﻳﺯﺍ ﺪﻨﺘﺴﻫ ﻪﻛ ﻩﺩﺍﺰﻫﺎﺷ ﻭﺩ ﺭﻭﺁ ﻡﺎــﻧ ﻭ ﻥﺍﺮـﻣﺎﻛ ﻱﺮــﻨﻫ ﻭ ﻙﺭﺎـﺒﻣ
ﻑﺮـﺷ ﻭ ﻚﻠﻣ ﺭﺎـﻴﺘﺧﺍ ﻦﻳﺪﻟﺍ ﻒﻴﺳ ﻩﺪﻳﺰﮔ ﺮﻨﻫ ﻭ ﺮﺨﻓ ﺭﺎـﺨﺘﻓﺍ 1ﻦـﻳﺪﻟﺍﺰـﻋ ﻩﺩﻮﺘﺳ
ﻩﺩﺮﻛ ﺯﺎﻏﺁ ﻪﻠﺟﺩ ﻭ ﺩﺍﺪﻐﺑ ﻒﻴﺻﻮﺗ ﺎﺑ ﺍﺭ ﻩﺪﻴﺼﻗ ﻦﻳﺍ ﻱﺭﻮﻧﺍ ﻩﺩﻮﻤﻧ ﻩﺭﺎﺷﺍ ﻲﮕﻧﺯ ﻦﺑ ﺩﻭﺩﻮﻣ ﺎﺑ ﺶﺗﺎﻗﻼﻣ ﻪﺑ ﻥﺁ ﻝﻼﺧ ﺭﺩ ﻭ ﻭﺍ ﻡﺎﻧ ﻪﺑ ﻪﻛ ﻩﺪﻧﺍﺭ ﻦﺨﺳ ﻱﺮﺘﻓﺩ ﺯﺍ ﻭ (216 ﺹ ،ﻥﺎﻤﻫ) :ﺖﺳﺍ ﻩﺩﻮﺑ ﻱﻭ ﻩﺎﮔﺭﺩ ﻪﺑ ﻝﺎﺼﺗﺍ ﺭﺍﻭﺪﻴﻣﺍ ﻪﻜﻨﻳﺍ ﻭ ﻪﺘﺷﺎﮕﻧ
ﺩﻮـﻣﺮﻓ ﻲﺑّﺮﻘﺗ ﻲـﻟﺎﻋ ﺕﺮـﻀﺣ ﻪﺑ ﺍﺮـﻣ ﺮـﺘﻓﺩ ﻲـﻜﻳ ﻢـﺘﺧﺍﺩﺮـﭙﺑ ﻩﺎـﺷ ﻡﺎـﻧ ﻪـﺑ
ﺶﻜﻟﺩ ﻪﻤﻫ ﺎﻬﻈـﻔﻟ ﻭﺭﺩ ﻞـﺼﻓ ﺭﺍﺰـﻫ ﺮـﺒﻟﺩ ﻪــﻤﻫ ﺎﻬـَﺘﻜﻧ ﻭﺭﺩ ﺪــﻘﻋ ﺭﺍﺰــﻫ
ﻡﺪﻫﺩ ﻑﺮﺷ ﻥﺎﻬﺟ ﻩﺎﺷ ﻪﻛ ﺪﻴﻣﺍ ﻥﺍﺪﺑ ﺮﺘﺧﺍ ﻚﻴﻧ ﻭ ﺖﺨﺑ ﻚﻴﻧ ﻭﺍ ﺖﻟﻭﺩ ﻪﺑ ﻡﻮﺷ
ﻲـﻔﻴﻨﺼﺗ ﻢﻠﻋ ﺯ ﻡﺯﺎﺴﺑ ﻝﺎﺳ ﻭﺩ ﺮﻫ ﻪﺑ ﺭﺪـﻔﺻ ﻭﺮــﺴﺧ ﺭﻮـﺼﻨﻣ ﺖـﻟﻭﺩ ﻱﺍﺮـﺑ
ﻪﺘﺷﺍﺩ ﺵﺍ ﻪﻗﻮﺸﻌﻣ ﺎﺑ ﺏﺍﻮﺧ ﺭﺩ ﻪﻛ ﻲﻳﻮﮕﺘﻔﮔ ﺭﺩ ﺲﭙﺳ ﻞﻴﻟﺩ ﻪﺑ ﺩﻭﺩﻮﻣ ﻪﻛ ﺩﻮﺷ ﻲﻣ ﺭﻭﺁﺩﺎﻳ (218 ﺹ ،ﻥﺎﻤﻫ)
:ﺖﺳﺍ ﻩﺩﺮﻜﻧ ﻭﺪﺑ ﻲﻬﺟﻮﺗ ،ﺩﻼﺑ ﺢﺘﻓ ﻪﺑ ﻝﺎﻐﺘﺷﺍ ﺖﺳﺍ ﻝﻮﻐﺸﻣ ﺩﻼﺑ ﺢﺘﻓ ﻪﺑ ﻩﺎﺷ ﻚﻴﻟﻭ ﺮﻈﻧ ﺶﻳﻮﺧ ﻥﺎﮔﺪﻨﺘﺳﺮﭘ ﻪﺑ ﺪﻨﻛ ﻲﻤﻧ
ﺯﺍ ﻱﺭﻮﺨﻟﺩ ﺎﺑ (219 ﺹ ،ﻥﺎﻤﻫ) ﺰﻴﻧ ﻩﺪﻴﺼﻗ ﻥﺎﻳﺎﭘ ﺭﺩ :ﺩﺩﺮﮔﺯﺎﺑ ﺶﻳﻮﺧ ﺮﻬﺷ ﻪﺑ ﺎﺗ ﺪﻫﺍﻮﺧ ﻲﻣ ﻱﺭﻮﺘﺳﺩ ﻩﺎﺷﺩﺎﭘ
ﻲـﻤﻫ ﻩﺪـﻨﺑ ﺖﺷﺍﺩ ﺪـﻴﻣﺍ ﺎﻧﺎـﮕـﻳﺍﺪﺧ ﺭﻭﺮﺳ ﺩﻮﺷ ﻥﺍﺭﻭﺮﺳ ﺮﺑ ﻮﺗ ﻱﺎـﻨﺛ ﺭﺩ ﻪﻛ
ﻱﺭﻮﺘﺳﺩ ﺭﺎـﻳﺮﻬﺷ ﺪـﻫﺩ ﻪـﻜﻧﺎﻨﭼ ﺮﮔﺍ ﺭﺩ ﮥـﻧﺎـﺘﺳﺁ ﻪـﺳﻮـﺑ ﺪـــﻫﺩ ﺭﺍﻭ ﻡﻼــﻏ
ﺎﻨﺛ ﻭ ﺮﻜﺷ ﻥﺎﺑﺯ ﺪﻳﺍﺮـﮔ ﻪﻧﺎﺧ ﻱﻮﺳ ﻪﺑ ﺮﺗ ﻢﻳﺍﺩ ﻩﺩﺮـﻛ ﺪـﻧﻭﺍﺪـﺧ ﻚـﻠﻣ ﺩﺎـﻳ ﻪﺑ
ﻪﺘﺧﺎﺳ ﺩﻭﺩﻮﻣ ﻡﺎﻧ ﻪﺑ ﻱﺭﻮﻧﺍ ﻪﻛ ﻱﺮﺘﻓﺩ ﻢﻴﻧﺍﺩ ﻲﻤﻧ ًﺎﺘﻟﺎﺠﻋ ﻥﺎﻤﻫ ﺰﺟ ﺰﻴﻧ ﻭﺍ ﻥﺍﻮﻳﺩ ﺭﺩ .ﺖﺳﺍ ﻩﺩﻮﺑ ﻱﺮﺛﺍ ﻪﻧﻮﮕﭼ ﺩﻮﺑ ﻥﺍﺪﻧﺎﺧ ﻥﺁ ﺩﺍﺮﻓﺍ ﺶﻳﺎﺘﺳ ﺭﺩ ﻱﺮﮕﻳﺩ ﺮﺛﺍ ﻪﺘﻔﮔ ﺶﻴﭘ ۀﺪﻴﺼﻗ ﺰﺟ ﻱﺭﻮﻧﺍ ﻪﻛ ﺖﻔﮔ ﻥﺍﻮﺗ ﻲﻣ ﻂﻘﻓ ﻦﻳﺍﺮﺑﺎﻨﺑ ؛ﺩﻮﺷ ﻲﻤﻧ ﻩﺪﻳﺩ
ﻪﺘﺧﺍﺩﺮﭘ ﺩﻭﺩﻮﻣ ﺶﻳﺎﺘﺳ ﺭﺩ ﺰﻴﻧ ﻱﺮﮕﻳﺩ ﺮﺛﺍ ،ﻩﺪﻴﺼﻗ ﻦﻳﺍ ﺖﻔﮕﺷ .ﻢﻳﺭﺍﺪﻧ ﻲﻫﺎﮔﺁ ﻥﺁ ﻲﮕﻧﻮﮕﭼ ﺯﺍ ﻥﻮﻨﻛﺍ ﻪﻛ ﺖﺳﺍ ﺭﺩ ،ﻲﺘﺳﺩ ﻩﺩﺎﺸﮔ ﻪﺑ ﻲﻠﺻﻮﻣ ﻝﺎﻤﺟ ﺖﻴﻓﻭﺮﻌﻣ ﺩﻮﺟﻭ ﺎﺑ ﻪﻜﻧﺁ ﺩﻮﺷ ﻲﻤﻧ ﻩﺪﻳﺩ ﻭﺍ ﺶﻳﺎﺘﺳ ﺭﺩ ﻱﺍ ﻩﺪﻴﺼﻗ ﭻﻴﻫ ﻱﺭﻮﻧﺍ ﻥﺍﻮﻳﺩ
ِﺐﺣﺎﺻ ﺶﻳﺎﺘﺳ ﺭﺩ ﻱﺭﻮﻧﺍ ﻪﻛ ﻱﺍ ﻪﻌﻄﻗ ﺭﺩ ،ﺲﻜﻌﻟﺎﺑ ﻲﺘﺣ ﻭ ﻲﻠﺻﻮﻣ ﻝﺎﻤﺟ ﺯﺍ (734 ﺹ ،2 ﺝ ،ﻱﺭﻮﻧﺍ ﻥﺍﻮﻳﺩ) ﻪﺘﻔﮔ ﺪﻣﺮﺗ ﻩﺩﺮﻛ ﺩﺎﻳ ــ ﻢﻴﻘﺘﺴﻣﺎﻧ ﻪﺘﺒﻟﺍ ﻭ ــ ﻪﻧﺎﻣﺮﺘﺤﻣﺎﻧ ﻱﺮﻴﺒﻌﺗ ﺎﺑ :ﺖﺳﺍ ﻲﻠﺻﻮﻣ ﻝﺎﻤﺟ ﺪﺷﺎﺑ ﺶﻛ ﻩﻮﻴﻣ ﺍﺭ ﺶﺴﻠﺠﻣ ﻲﺨﺒﻄﻣ ﺮﻴﺛﺍ ﺩﺩﺮﮔ ﻮﺷ ﮓﻳﺩ ﺍﺭ ﺶﺨﺒﻄﻣ
ﻱﺍ ﻪﻣﺎﻧ ،ﻞﺻﻮﻣ ﺭﺎﺑﺭﺩ ﺭﺩ ﻲﻳﻮﮔ ﻲﺳﺭﺎﻓ ﺯﺍ ﺮﮕﻳﺩ ﺪﻫﺎﺷ ﺕﺍﺭﺎﺘﺨﻤﻟﺍ ﺮﻴﻈﻧ ﻢﻛ ﮥﻋﻮﻤﺠﻣ ﺭﺩ ﻪﻛ ﺖﺳﺍ ﻲﺳﺭﺎﻓ ﻥﺎﺑﺯ ﻪﺑ ﺯﺍ ﻪﻣﺎﻧ ﻦﻳﺍ .ﺖﺳﺍ ﻩﺪﺷ ﺝﺭﺩ (75 ـ 68 ﺺﺻ) ﻞﺋﺎﺳﺮﻟﺍ ﻦﻣ ﺖﻣﺪﺧ ﻪﺑ ﻕ 558 ﻝﺎﺳ ﺭﺩ ﻡﺎﺴﻘﻟﺍ ﺩﻮﻌﺴﻣ ﻦﺑﺪﻤﺤﻣ ﻱﻮﺳ ﺯﺍ ﻲﻌﺿﻮﻣ ﺭﺩ 2.ﺖﺳﺍ ﻩﺪﺷ ﻩﺩﺎﺘﺳﺮﻓ ﻲﻠﺻﻮﻣ ﻦﻳﺪﻟﺍ ﻝﺎﻤﺟ ﻪﻛ ﻥﺎﻬﻔﺻﺍ ﺮﻬﺷ ﻥﺎﻳﻮﮔﺎﻋﺩ ﻪﻛ ﺖﺳﺍ ﻦﻳﺍ ﺯﺍ ...» :ﻩﺪﻣﺁ ﻪﻣﺎﻧ ــ ﻪﻠﻇ ﻡﺍﺩ ــ ﺪﻧﺍﺎﻧﻻﻮﻣ ﺖﻣﺪﺧ ﻭ ﺖﻤﻌﻧ ۀﺩﺭﻭﺁﺮﺑ ﻭ ﻩﺩﺭﻭﺮﭘ ﻥﺎﻣﺩﺎﺧ ﺮﮔﺍ ... ﺪﻧﺍ ﻩﺩﺎﻬﻧ ﻱﻮﻟﻮﻣ ِﻱﺯﺎﺑﺮﻬﻣ ِﺮﻬُﻣ ﻝﺩ ﻭ ﻥﺎﺟ ﺮﺑ ﺖﻌﻠﻃ ﮥﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣ ﺯﺍ ﻭ ﺪﻧﺩﺎﺘﻓﺍ ﺭﻮﺠﻬﻣ ﻭ ﺭﻭﺩ ﺕﺮﻀﺣ ﺯﺍ ﺎﻋﺩ
«...ﺪﻧﺍ ﺐﻳﺎﻏ ﺖﻣﺪﺧ ﺯﺍ ﻥﺎﺸﻳﺍ ﻪﻧ ،ﺪﻧﺪﺷ ﻩﺮﻬﺑ ﻲﺑ ﻪﻴﻠﻋ ﻦﻳﺪﻟﺍ ﻝﺎﻤﺟ ﻁﺎﺒﺗﺭﺍ ﮥﺘﺷﺭ ﻪﻛ ﺪﻫﺩ ﻲﻣ ﻥﺎﺸﻧ ﻪﻣﺎﻧ ﻦﻳﺍ ﻭ ﻭﺍ ﻥﺎﻴﻣ ﻭ ﻩﺪﺸﻧ ﻪﺘﺨﻴﺴﮔ ﺶﻧﺎﻳﺮﻬﺸﻤﻫ ﺎﺑ ﻲﻧﺎﻬﻔﺻﺍ
.ﺖﺳﺍ ﻩﺩﻮﺑ ﻥﺎﻳﺮﺟ ﺭﺩ ﻱﺭﺎﮕﻧ ﻪﻣﺎﻧ ﻥﺎﻬﻔﺻﺍ ﻥﺍﺪﻨﻤﺸﻧﺍﺩ ﻦﻳﺪﻟﺍﺭﺪﺻ ﺯﺍ ﻲﺳﺭﺎﻓ ﻱﺍ ﻪﻣﺎﻧ (139 ﺹ) ﻦﺘﻣ ﻥﺎﻤﻫ ﺭﺩ ﻪﻛ ﺖﺳﺍ ﻩﺪﺷ ﺝﺭﺩ ﻱﺪﻨﺠﺨﻟﺍ ﺪﻤﺤﻣ ﻦﺑ ﻒﻴﻄﻠﻟﺍﺪﺒﻋ ﻦﻳﺪﻟﺍﺮﻴﻬﻇ ﻲﺿﺎﻗ ﺯﺍ ﻱﺮﺛﺍ ﺯﺎﻏﺁ ﺭﺩ ﻱﺍ ﻪﻓﺮﻌﺗ ﻥﺍﻮﻨﻋ ﻪﺑ ﻭ ﻪﺘﺷﺎﮕﻧ ﺔﻳﺎﻜﺸﻟﺍ ﻭ ﺮﻜﺸﻟﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺔﻳﺎﻜﺤﻟﺍ ﻡﺎﻧ ﻪﺑ ﻲﻣﺎﻄﺴﺑ ﺭﺩ ﻪﻣﺎﻧ ﻦﻳﺍ ﺯﺎﻏﺁ ﺭﺩ .ﺩﻮﺑ ﻩﺩﺎﺘﺳﺮﻓ ﻲﻠﺻﻮﻣ ﻝﺎﻤﺟ ﺖﻣﺪﺧ ﻲﻣﺎﻄﺴﺑ ﻦﻳﺪﻟﺍﺮﻴﻬﻇ ﻲﺿﺎﻗ ﻥﻮﭼ» :ﻩﺪﻣﺁ ﺍﺮﺟﺎﻣ ﻒﻴﺻﻮﺗ ﻭ ﺖﺧﺍﺩﺮﭘ ﻪﻤﻴﻧ ﻚﻳ ﺔﻳﺎﻜﺸﻟﺍ ﻭ ﺮﻜﺸﻟﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺔﻳﺎﻜﺤﻟﺍ ﺏﺎﺘﻛ ،ﺩﺮﺑ ﻞﺻﻮﻣ ﻦﻳﺪﻟﺍ ﻝﺎﻤﺟ ﺶﻴﭘ ﻪﻔﺤﺗ ﻞﻴﺒﺳ ﺮﺑ ﻪﻛ ﺖﺳﺍﻮﺧ ﻦﻳﺪﻟﺍﺭﺪﺻ ﻡﺎﻣﺍ ﻪﺟﺍﻮﺧ ﺶﻴﭘ ﻭ [ﺩﺮﻛ] ﻞﻃﺎﺑ ﻡﺰﻋ ﺭﺎﺑﺮﮕﻳﺩ
.ﻥﺁ + :چ .1 ﮥﻨﻳﺮﻗ ﻪﺑ ــ ﻩﺪﺷ ﻩﺩﺎﺘﺳﺮﻓ ﻲﻠﺻﻮﻣ ﻝﺎﻤﺟ ﻱﺍﺮﺑ ﺰﻴﻧ ﻥﺁ ﺯﺍ ﺲﭘ ﮥﻣﺎﻧ .2 ﻝﻼﺧ ﺭﺩ ﻭ ﻩﺩﺮﻛ ﺶﻳﺎﺘﺳ ﺍﺭ ﻝﺎﻤﺟ ﻥﺁ ﺭﺩ ﻪﻛ ﻥﺎﻳﺎﭘ ﺭﺩ ﻱﺮﻌﺷ ﻩﺎﺒﺘﺷﺍ ﻪﺨﺴﻧ ﺭﺩ ﻪﻣﺎﻧ ﻥﺁ ِﻥﺍﻮﻨﻋ ﺎﻣﺍ ــ ﻩﺩﺮﻛ ﺩﺎﻳ ﻞﺻﻮﻣ ﺯﺍ ﺰﻴﻧ ﻪﻣﺎﻧ .ﺖﺳﺍ ﻩﺪﺷ ﺝﺭﺩ
ﺮﺑ ﻒﻳﺮﺷ ﻂﺧ ﻪﺑ ﻞﺼﻓ ﻦﻳﺍ [ﻦﻳﺪﻟﺍﺭﺪﺻ] ...ﺩﺮﺑ ﻱﺪﻨﺠﺧ ﻪﺟﺍﻮﺧ ﻪﺑ ﻭ ﺖﺷﻮﻧ ﺔﻳﺎﻜﺸﻟﺍ ﻭ ﺮﻜﺸﻟﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺔﻳﺎﻜﺤﻟﺍ ﺏﺎﺘﻛ ﺮﻬﻇ
«...ﺩﺎﺘﺳﺮﻓ ﻦﻳﺪﻟﺍ ﻝﺎﻤﺟ ﺔﻳﺎﻜﺤﻟﺍ ﺏﺎﺘﻛ ﻦﻳﺍ ﺯﺍ ﻱﺮﺛﺍ ،ﻢﻳﺩﺮﻛ ﻮﺠﺘﺴﺟ ﻪﻛ ﺎﺠﻧﺁ ﺎﺗ ﻩﺪﻳﺩ ﻲﻄﺧ ﻱﺎﻫ ﻪﺨﺴﻧ ﻱﺎﻬﺘﺳﺮﻬﻓ ﺭﺩ ﺔﻳﺎﻜﺸﻟﺍ ﻭ ﺮﻜﺸﻟﺍ ﻲﻓ ًﻻﺎﻤﺘﺣﺍ ــ ﻱﺍ ﻩﺪﺸﻤﮔ ﺭﺎﺛﺁ ﺯﺍ ﺍﺭ ﻥﺁ ﺪﻳﺎﺑ ﺍﺬﻟ ﻭ ﺩﻮﺷ ﻲﻤﻧ ﻪﻠﺴﻠﺳ ﻦﻳﺍ ﺩﺍﺮﻓﺍ ﻱﺍﺮﺑ ﻪﻛ ﺖﺴﻧﺍﺩ ــ ﻲﺳﺭﺎﻓ ﻥﺎﺑﺯ ﻪﺑ ﺝﺍﻭﺭ ﺮﮕﻧﺎﺸﻧ ﺎﻫ ﻪﻣﺎﻧ ﻦﻴﻤﻫ ،ﺩﻮﺟﻭ ﻦﻳﺍ ﺎﺑ ﺖﺳﺍ ﻩﺪﺷ ﻪﺘﺷﻮﻧ ﻥﺎﻜﺑﺎﺗﺍ ﺭﺎﺑﺭﺩ ﺎﺑ ﻥﺎﻬﻔﺻﺍ ﻥﺎﮔﺭﺰﺑ ﻥﺎﻴﻣ ﻲﺳﺭﺎﻓ ﻱﺭﺎﮕﻧ ﻪﻣﺎﻧ .ﺖﺳﺍ ﻞﺻﻮﻣ ،ﻞﺻﻮﻣ ﻥﺎﻳﺭﺎﺑﺭﺩ ﺮﺑ ﻩﻭﻼﻋ ﻲﺳﺭﺎﻓ ﻥﺎﺑﺯ ﺝﺍﻭﺭ ۀﺭﺎﺑﺭﺩ .ﺖﺳﺍ ﺖﺳﺩ ﺭﺩ ﻱﺪﻫﺍﻮﺷ ﺰﻴﻧ ﺮﻬﺷ ﻥﺁ ﻥﺎﻣﺩﺮﻣ ﻥﺎﻴﻣ ﺭﺩ ﻪﻛ ﺖﺳﺍ ﻲﺘﻳﺎﻜﺣ ﻪﺑ ﻁﻮﺑﺮﻣ ﺎﻬﺷﺭﺍﺰﮔ ﻦﻳﺮﺗ ﻢﻬﻣ ﺯﺍ ﻲﻜﻳ 126ـ122 ﺺﺻ) ﻪﻴﺋﻼﻌﻟﺍ ﺭﻮﻣﻻﺍ ﻲﻓ ﻪﻴﺋﻼﻌﻟﺍ ﺮﻣﺍﻭﻻﺍ ﺭﺩ
ِﺮﺘﺧﺩ ﻂﺳﻮﺗ ﻱﺮﻌﺷ ﻝﺎﺳﺭﺍ ۀﺭﺎﺑﺭﺩ (ﻥﺍﺩﺮﮔﺮﺑ ﻪﺨﺴﻧ ﻦﻳﺪﻟﺍﺰﻋ ﻥﺎﻄﻠﺳ ﻱﺍﺮﺑ ﻞﺻﻮﻣ ﺮﻬﺷ ﺯﺍ ﺭﻻﺎﺳ ﻦﻳﺪﻟﺍ ﻡﺎﺴﺣ ﻩﺪﺷ ﻞﻘﻧ (ﻕ 616ـ 608 ـﻜﺣ) ﻡﻭﺭ ﻥﺎﻴﻗﻮﺠﻠﺳ ﺯﺍ ﺱﻭﺎﻜﻴﻛ ﺾﻳﺍﺮﻓ ﺰﻳﺍﻮﺟ ﺭﺎﺜﻛﺍ [ﺱﻭﺎﻜﻴﻛ ﻦﻳﺪﻟﺍﺰﻋ ﻥﺎﻄﻠﺳ] ...» :ﺖﺳﺍ ﺕﺎﻳﺎﻐﻟﺍ ﻲﺼﻗﺍ ﻪﺑ ﺍﺮﻌﺷ ﺕﻼﺻ ﺭﺩ ﻭ ﻱﺩﺮﻤﺷ ﺾﻳﺍﺮﻓ ﺯﺍ ﻦﻳﺪﻟﺍ ﻡﺎﺴﺣ ﺮﺘﺧﺩ .ﻲﺘﺴﻧﺍﺩ ﺮﺻﺎﻗ ﻥﺍﺭﺩ ﺍﺭ ﺩﻮﺧ ﻭ ﻲﺘﺳﻮﻴﭘ ﺖﻓﺎﻄﻟ ﺭﺩ ﺭﺎﻬﺑﻮﻧ ﻢﻴﺴﻧ ﺯﺍ ﻪﻛ ﺍﺭ ﻩﺪﻴﺼﻗ ﻦﻳﺍ ﻞﺻﻮﻣ ﺯﺍ ﺭﻻﺎﺳ :[ﺩﺎﺘﺳﺮﻓ] ﺖﺳﺍ ﻩﺩﻮﻤﻧ ﺯﻭﺎﺠﺗ ﺖﺳﻼﺳ ﺭﺩ ﺮﺛﻮﻛ ﻝﻻﺯ ﺯﺍ ﻭ
ﺪﻣﺍﺮﺑ ﺭﺍﺮﻃ ۀﺮﻃ ﻥﺍ ۀﺮﻃ ﺎﺗ
«...ﺪﻣﺍﺮﺑ ﺭﺍﻮﺨﻤﻏ ﮥﻨﻴﺳ ﻦﻳﺰﻛ ﻩﺁ ﺲﺑ
ﺭﺩ ﻲﺳﺭﺎﻓ ﺏﺩﺍ ﻭ ﻥﺎﺑﺯ ﺏﺎﺘﻛ ﺭﺩ ﻲﺣﺎﻳﺭ ﺮﺘﻛﺩ ﺩﺎﻳ ﻩﺪﻧﺯ ﺬﺧﺄﻣ ﻥﺎﻤﻫ ﻪﺑ ﻩﺭﺎﺷﺍ ﺎﺑ (56ـ49 ﺺﺻ) ﻲﻧﺎﻤﺜﻋ ﻭﺮﻤﻠﻗ ﺹ) ﻪﻣﺍﺩﺍ ﺭﺩ ﻭ ﻪﺘﺧﺍﺩﺮﭘ ﺪﻨﺑ ﻊﻴﺟﺮﺗ ﻥﺁ ﻲﻣﺎﻤﺗ ﺝﺭﺩ ﻪﺑ ﺯﺍ ﺭﻻﺎﺳ ﺮﺘﺧﺩ [ﺍﺬﻛ] ﺪﻨﺑ ﺐﻴﻛﺮﺗ» :ﺖﺳﺍ ﻩﺪﺷ ﺭﻭﺁﺩﺎﻳ (56 ﻪﻛ ﺖﺳﺍ ﻲﻳﺎﻫﺮﻌﺷ ﻦﻳﺮﺘﻬﺑ ﮥﻳﺎﭙﻤﻫ ﻥﻮﻤﻀﻣ ﻭ ﻲﻨﻌﻣ ﺮﻈﻧ ﻪﻛ ﺖﺳﺎﺠﻨﻳﺍ ﺯﺍ ... ﺪﻧﺍ ﻩﺩﻭﺮﺳ ﻢﺸﺷ ﻥﺮﻗ ﺭﺩ ﻥﺍﺮﻳﺍ ﻥﺍﺮﻋﺎﺷ ﺮﺘﺧﺩ ﻲﮔﺩﺍﻮﻧﺎﺧ ﮓﻨﻫﺮﻓ ﻭ ﻥﺎﺑﺯ ﻪﻛ ﺖﻓﺮﮔ ﻪﺠﻴﺘﻧ ﻥﺍﻮﺗ ﻲﻣ ﻥﺍﺮﻳﺍ ﺯﺍ ﻭﺍ ۀﺩﺍﻮﻧﺎﺧ ﺮﮔﺍ ﻭ ﻩﺩﻮﺑ ﻲﻧﺍﺮﻳﺍ ﮓﻨﻫﺮﻓ ﻭ ﻥﺎﺑﺯ ،ﺭﻻﺎﺳ ﻞﺻﻮﻣ ﻡﺩﺮﻣ ﻪﻛ ﺩﻮﺷ ﻲﻣ ﻡﻮﻠﻌﻣ ،ﺪﻨﺷﺎﺑ ﻪﺘﻓﺮﻧ ﻞﺻﻮﻣ ﻪﺑ ﻦﺨﺳ ﻥﺎﺑﺯ ﻦﻳﺍ ﻪﺑ ﻭ ﺪﻧﺍ ﻩﺩﻮﺑ ﻥﺎﺑﺯ ﻲﺳﺭﺎﻓ ﻢﺸﺷ ﻥﺮﻗ ﺭﺩ ﻢﺸﺷ ۀﺪﺳ ﻪﺑ ﻥﺎﺸﻳﺍ ۀﺭﺎﺷﺍ «.ﺪﻧﺩﻭﺮﺳ ﻲﻣ ﺮﻌﺷ ﻭ ﺪﻨﺘﻔﮔ ﻲﻣ ﻦﻳﺯﺎﻏﺁ ﻱﺎﻬﻟﺎﺳ ﺭﺩ ﺮﻌﺷ ﻦﻳﺍ ﻪﻛ ﺍﺮﭼ ،ﺖﺳﺍ ﺖﺳﺭﺩ ًﻼﻣﺎﻛ ﺰﻴﻧ ﻢﻛ ﺖﺳﺩ ﺖﺴﻳﺎﺑ ﻲﻣ ﻥﺁ ۀﺪﻨﻳﺍﺮﺳ ﻭ ﻩﺪﺷ ﻩﺩﻭﺮﺳ ﻢﺘﻔﻫ ۀﺪﺳ .ﺪﺷﺎﺑ ﻩﺪﺷ ﻩﺩﺍﺯ ﻢﺸﺷ ۀﺪﺳ ﻲﻧﺎﻳﺎﭘ ﻱﺎﻬﻟﺎﺳ ﺭﺩ
ﺭﺩ ﻲﺳﺭﺎﻓ ﻥﺎﺑﺯ ﺝﺍﻭﺭ ﺯﺍ ﻲﻳﺎﻫ ﻪﻧﺎﺸﻧ ،ﻢﻳﺩﺮﻛ ﺩﺎﻳ ﻪﭽﻧﺁ ﺮﻬﺷ ﻥﺁ ﻥﺎﻣﺩﺮﻣ ﻥﺎﻴﻣ ﺭﺩ ﻪﺘﺒﻟﺍ ﻭ ــ ﻞﺻﻮﻣ ﻥﺎﻜﺑﺎﺗﺍ ﺭﺎﺑﺭﺩ ﻭ ﻲﻧﺎﻣﺯ ﻚﭼﻮﻛ ۀﺩﻭﺪﺤﻣ ﻚﻳ ۀﺭﺎﺑﺭﺩ ﺩﺭﺍﻮﻣ ﻦﻳﺍ .ﺖﺳﺍ ــ ﻪﺑ ﺩﻮﺑ ﻩﺪﻧﺭﺎﮕﻧ ﺱﺮﺘﺳﺩ ﺭﺩ ﻪﻛ ﯽﻌﺑﺎﻨﻣ ﻪﺑ ﻪﺟﻮﺗ ﺎﺑ ﻭ ﻲﻧﺎﻜﻣ ﺪﻫﺍﻮﺷ ﻪﻛ ﺩﻮﺑ ﺪﻫﺍﻮﺨﻧ ﺭﺎﻈﺘﻧﺍ ﺯﺍ ﺭﻭﺩ ﺍﺬﻟ ﻭ ﺖﺳﺍ ﻩﺪﻣﺁ ﺖﺳﺩ ﻦﻳﺍ ﻪﻛ ﻢﻳﺭﺍﻭﺪﻴﻣﺍ .ﺪﻳﺁ ﺖﺳﺩ ﻪﺑ ﻉﻮﺿﻮﻣ ﻦﻳﺍ ﺯﺍ ﻱﺮﺘﺸﻴﺑ ﺮﮕﻳﺩ ﻦﻴﻨﭽﻤﻫ ﻭ ﻪﻴﺣﺎﻧ ﻥﺁ یﺎﻫﺮﻬﺷ ﺮﮕﻳﺩ ۀﺭﺎﺑﺭﺩ ﺎﻬﻴﺳﺭﺮﺑ ﺕﺎﻴﺑﺩﺍ ﺦﻳﺭﺎﺗ ۀﺭﺎﺑﺭﺩ ﻱﺮﺗ ﻩﺩﺮﺘﺴﮔ ﺪﻳﺩ ﺎﺗ ﺩﻮﺷ ﻡﺎﺠﻧﺍ ﺰﻴﻧ ﺭﺍﻭﺩﺍ .ﺩﻮﺷ ﻞﺻﺎﺣ ﻥﺍﺮﻳﺍ ﮥﻳﺎﺴﻤﻫ ﻱﺎﻬﻨﻴﻣﺯﺮﺳ ﺭﺩ ﻲﺳﺭﺎﻓ
ﻪﻣﺎﻨﺑﺎﺘﻛ ،[ﻥﺍﺩﺮﮔﺮﺑ ﻪﺨﺴﻧ پﺎﭼ] ﻪﻴﺋﻼﻌﻟﺍ ﺭﻮﻣﻻﺍ ﻲﻓ ﻪﻴﺋﻼﻌﻟﺍ ﺮﻣﺍﻭﻻﺍ
.ﻡ1956 ،ﻙﺮﺗ ﺦﻳﺭﺎﺗ ﻦﻤﺠﻧﺍ ،ﺍﺭﺎﻜﻧﺁ ،ﻲﺑ ﻲﺑ ﻦﺑﺍ ﻱﺮﻔﺻ ﻲﻠﻋ ﺶﺷﻮﻛ ﻪﺑ ،ﻲﻧﺍﻭﺮﺷ ﻲﻧﺎﻗﺎﺧ ،ﻦﻴﻗﺍﺮﻌﻟﺍﺔﻔﺤﺗ ،ﺏﻮﺘﻜﻣ ﺙﺍﺮﻴﻣ ﻲﺸﻫﻭﮋﭘ ﺰﻛﺮﻣ ،ﻥﺍﺮﻬﺗ ،ﻪﻌﻠﻗ ﻕﺁ
.ﺵ1387 ﺢﻴﺤﺼﺗ ،ﻱﺭﺎﺨﺑ ﷲﺪﺒﻋ ﻦﺑﺪﻤﺤﻣ ،ﻱﺎﭘﺪﻴﺑ ﻱﺎﻬﻧﺎﺘﺳﺍﺩ ،ﻲﻣﺯﺭﺍﻮﺧ ،ﻥﺍﺮﻬﺗ ،ﻱﺮﻠﻧﺎﺧ ﻞﺗﺎﻧ ﺰﻳﻭﺮﭘ ﻭ ﻦﺷﻭﺭ ﺪﻤﺤﻣ
.ﺵ1361 ﺱﺭﺪﻣ ﻲﻘﺗﺪﻤﺤﻣ ﺪﻴﺳ ﺶﺷﻮﻛ ﻪﺑ ،[ﺝ2] ﻱﺭﻮﻧﺍ ﻥﺍﻮﻳﺩ
.ﺵ1364 ،ﻲﮕﻨﻫﺮﻓ ﻭ ﻲﻤﻠﻋ ،ﻥﺍﺮﻬﺗ ،ﻱﻮﺿﺭ ،ﻥﺍﺮﻬﺗ ،ﻱﺩﺎﺠﺳ ﻦﻳﺪﻟﺍءﺎﻴﺿ ﺪﻴﺳ ﺢﻴﺤﺼﺗ ،ﻲﻧﺎﻗﺎﺧ ﻥﺍﻮﻳﺩ
.ﺵ1338 ،ﺭﺍّﻭﺯ ﺪﻴﺳ ﺶﺷﻮﻛ ﻪﺑ ،(ﻑﺮﺷﺍ) ﻱﻮﻧﺰﻏ ﻦﺴﺣﺪﻴﺳ ﻥﺍﻮﻳﺩ
.ﺵ1362 ،ﺮﻴﻃﺎﺳﺍ ،ﻥﺍﺮﻬﺗ ،ﻱﻮﺿﺭ ﺱﺭﺪﻣ ﻲﻘﺗﺪﻤﺤﻣ ﻥﺎﻤﻴﻠﺳ ﻦﺑ ﻲﻠﻋ ﻦﺑﺪﻤﺤﻣ ،ﺭﻭﺮﺴﻟﺍﺔﻳﺁ ﻭ ﺭﻭﺪﺼﻟﺍﺔﺣﺍﺭ ،ﻲﻤﻠﻋ ،ﻥﺍﺮﻬﺗ ،ﻝﺎﺒﻗﺍ ﺪﻤﺤﻣ ﺢﻴﺤﺼﺗ ،ﻱﺪﻧﻭﺍﺮﻟﺍ
.[ﻥﺪﻴﻟ 1921 پﺎﭼ ﺖﺴﻓﺍ] ﺵ1363 ،ﻲﺣﺎﻳﺭ ﻦﻴﻣﺍﺪﻤﺤﻣ ،ﻲﻧﺎﻤﺜﻋ ﻭﺮﻤﻠﻗ ﺭﺩ ﻲﺳﺭﺎﻓ ﺏﺩﺍ ﻭ ﻥﺎﺑﺯ
.ﺵ1369 ،ﮓﻧژﺎﭘ ،ﻥﺍﺮﻬﺗ ،ﺙﺭﻮﺳﺎﺑ ﺩﺭﻮﻔﻴﻠﻛ ﺪﻧﻮﻣﺩﺍ ،ﺪﻳﺪﺟ ﻲﻣﻼﺳﺍ ﻱﺎﻫ ﻪﻠﺴﻠﺳ ﻡﻼﺳﺍ ﻲﺳﺎﻨﺷﺯﺎﺑ ﺰﻛﺮﻣ ،ﻥﺍﺮﻬﺗ ،ﻱﺍ ﻩﺭﺪﺑ ﻥﻭﺪﻳﺮﻓ ﮥﻤﺟﺮﺗ
.ﺵ1381 ،ﻥﺍﺮﻳﺍ ﻭ ﻭ ﺮﻫﺎﻃ ﺎﺿﺮﻣﻼﻏ ﻭ ﺭﺎﺸﻓﺍ ﺝﺮﻳﺍ ،ﻞﺋﺎﺳﺮﻟﺍ ﻦﻣ ﺕﺍﺭﺎﺘﺨﻤﻟﺍ ﺩﻮﻤﺤﻣ ﺮﺘﻛﺩ ﺕﺎﻓﻮﻗﻮﻣ ﺩﺎﻴﻨﺑ ،ﻥﺍﺮﻬﺗ ،ﻲﺴﻤﺷﺮﻴﻣ ﻢﻳﺮﻣ
.ﺵ1378 ،ﺭﺎﺸﻓﺍ
