٨٩
ﺖﻓﺎﻳرد : 23 / 10 / 1393 شﺮﻳﺬﭘ ، : 20 / 3 / 1394 .
هﺮﺸﺣ ﻦﻤﺠﻧا ﻪﻣﺎﻧ ناﺮﻳا ﻲﺳﺎﻨﺷ
91 - 89 ):
2 ( 35 - 1394
ﻪﻟﺎﻘﻣ ﻲﻤﻠﻋ هﺎﺗﻮﻛ
ﺦــﻠﻣ شراﺰــﮔ ﻦﻴﺘــﺴﺨﻧ
Polysarcus denticauda (Tettigoniidae: Phaneropterinae)
زا و ناﺮــﻳا
ﻲﮔﮋﻳو يﺎﻫ ﻲﻜﻴﺘﺳﻮﻛاﻮﻴﺑ نآ
يﺮﻔﻌﺟ ﻢﻨﺒﺷ
1 و
ﻲﻤﻇﺎﻛ ﻦﻴﺴﺣﺪﻤﺤﻣ ،*
ﻲﻋﺎﺠﺷ دﻮﻤﺤﻣ ،2
ﻲﻠﻌﻔﻄﻟ ﻦﻴﺴﺣ ،3 4هداز
ﻚﻧﺎﺘﺴﻴﻧ يﺪﻴﻔﻣ ﻦﺴﺤﻣ و 5
1 - هﺎﻴﮔ هوﺮﮔ اﺮﻬﺗ تﺎﻘﻴﻘﺤﺗ و مﻮﻠﻋ ﺪﺣاو ،ﻲﻜﺷﺰﭘ ،ناﺮﻳا ،ناﺮﻬﺗ ،ﻲﻣﻼﺳا دازآ هﺎﮕﺸﻧاد ،ن
2 - هﺎﻴﮔ هوﺮﮔ ،ناﺮﻳا ،ﺰﻳﺮﺒﺗ ،ﻲﻣﻼﺳا دازآ هﺎﮕﺸﻧاد ،ﺰﻳﺮﺒﺗ ﺪﺣاو ،ﻲﻜﺷﺰﭘ 3
- هﺎﻴﮔ هوﺮﮔ ،ﻲﻜـﺷﺰﭘ
،ناﺮﻳا ،ناﺮﻬﺗ ،ﻲﻣﻼﺳا دازآ هﺎﮕﺸﻧاد ،ناﺮﻬﺗ تﺎﻘﻴﻘﺤﺗ و مﻮﻠﻋ ﺪﺣاو 4
- هﺎﻴﮔ تﺎﻘﻴﻘﺤﺗ ﺶﺨﺑ آ نﺎﺘـﺳا ﻲـﻌﻴﺒﻃ ﻊﺑﺎـﻨﻣ و يزروﺎـﺸﻛ تﺎﻘﻴﻘﺤﺗ ﺰﻛﺮﻣ ،ﻲﻜﺷﺰﭘ
،ﻲﻗﺮـﺷ نﺎـﺠﻳﺎﺑرذ 5
- ﺶـﺨﺑ
هدر تﺎﻘﻴﻘﺤﺗ هﺎﻴﮔ تﺎﻘﻴﻘﺤﺗ ﻪﺴﺳﺆﻣ ،تاﺮﺸﺣ يﺪﻨﺑ رﻮﺸﻛ ﻲﻜﺷﺰﭘ
.
ﻲﻜﻴﻧوﺮﺘﻜﻟا ﺖﺴﭘ ،تﺎﺒﺗﺎﻜﻣ لﻮﺌﺴﻣ* :
First report of Polysarcus denticauda (Tettigoniidae: Phaneropterinae) from Iran and its bioacoustic characteristics
Sh. Jafari1&*, M. H. Kazemi2, M. Shojaei3, H. Lotfalizadeh4 and M. Mofidi-Neyestanak5
1. Department of Plant Protection, Tehran Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran, 2. Department of Plant Protection, Tabriz branch, Islamic Azad University, Tabriz, Iran, 3. Department of Plant Protection, Tehran Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran, 4. Department of Plant Protection, Agricultural and Natural Resources Research Center of East Azarbaijan, Tabriz, Iran, 5. Insect Taxonomy Research Department & Hayk Mirzayans Insect Museum (HMIM), Iranian Research Institute of Plant Protection, Tehran, Iran.
*Corresponding author, E-mail: [email protected]
Abstract
In 2013, during a bioacoustic investigation upon bushcrickets (Orthoptera, Ensifera) in Azarbaijan-e Sharghi, north-west of Iran, some ensiferans were collected in Azarshahr and identified as Polysarcus denticauda (Charpentier, 1825) (Tettigoniidae: Phaneropterinae). This is the first record of the species from Iran. Herewith, several diagnostic morphological and bioacoustic remarks are given.
ﻲﺳرﺮﺑ رد مﺎﺠﻧا يﺎﻫ
لﺎﺳ رد ﻪﺘﻓﺎﻳ 1392
ﻪﺑ رﻮـﻈﻨﻣ
لﺎﻨﮕﻴــﺳ شزادﺮــﭘ ﺑ يﺎــﻫ
ﺖــﺳار ﻲﻜﻴﺘــﺳﻮﻛاﻮﻴ زا ﻲﻧﻻﺎــﺑ
ﻳز ﺮ ﻪﺘﺳار
Ensifera
ﻪـﻧﻮﮔ ،ﻲﻗﺮـﺷ نﺎـﺠﻳﺎﺑرذآ نﺎﺘـﺳا رد
(Charpentier, 1825) Polysarcus denticauda
زا
ﻊﻤﺟ ﺮﻬﺷرذآ نﺎﺘﺳﺮﻬﺷ ﺪﺷ يروآ
. ﻪﻧﻮﻤﻧ ،ﻪـﻟﺎﺗا زا ﺲﭘ ﺎﻫ
هﺎﻴﮔ تﺎﻘﻴﻘﺤﺗ ﻪﺴﺳﺆﻣ ﻪﺑ ﺪﻴﻳﺄﺗ و ﺺﻴﺨﺸﺗ ﺖﻬﺟ ﻲﻜﺷﺰﭘ
ﺮﮔ ﻲﻳﺎﺳﺎﻨﺷ ﻢﺠﻨﭘ هﺪﻧرﺎﮕﻧ ﻂﺳﻮﺗ و لﺎﺳرا رﻮﺸﻛ ﺪـﻧﺪﻳد
.
ﻪـﻛ هﺪـﺷ شراﺰﮔ ﺎﻴﻧد رد ﻪﻧﻮﮔ ﺞﻨﭘ نﻮﻨﻛﺎﺗ ﺲﻨﺟ ﻦﻳا زا ﺦــﻠﻣ ناﺮــﻳا زا هﺪــﺷ شراﺰــﮔ ﻪــﻧﻮﮔ ﺎــﻬﻨﺗ
Polysarcus
elbursianus (Uvarov, 1930)
ﻲﻣﻮـﺑ ﻪـﻧﻮﮔ ﻚـﻳ ﻪﻛ ﺖﺳا
ﻪﺑ ناﺮﻳا ﻲـﻣ رﺎﻤـﺷ دور
(Alexandrov, 1947; Bei-Bienko,
1954, 1958, 1964, 1967; Čejchan, 1969, 1974;
Mirzayans, 1951, 1959; Eades et al., 2015)
.
ﻲﮔﮋﻳو ﻞﻜﺷ يﺎﻫ ﻲﺳﺎﻨﺷ
- ﺦﻠﻣ ﻎﻟﺎﺑ تاﺮﺸﺣ يﺎﻫ
ﻪﺜﺟ ﺖﺷرد يا
) 3 / 48 - 2 / 31 ﻲﻠﻴﻣ ﺮﺘﻣ ( ﻲﻧﺪـﺑ ﻪـﻛ ﺪﻨﺘﺴﻫ
ﺪﻧراد گرﺰﺑ و ﻢﻴﺠﺣ .
ﻪﺑ نﺪﺑ هﻮـﻬﻗ ﺎـﻳ ﺰﺒـﺳ ﮓﻧر ﺎـﺑ يا
ﺖﺳا ﻦﺷور و هﺮﻴﺗ شﻮﻘﻧ .
لﺎـﺑ ﻲﻳﻮـﻠﺟ يﺎـﻫ )
ﺎـﻨﻴﻤﮕﺗ ( هﺎﮕﺘﺳد ﻪﺑ ﺰﻬﺠﻣ و ﻢﻜﺷ مود ﺪﻨﺑ ﺎﺗ ﺮﺜﻛاﺪﺣ ،هﺎﺗﻮﻛ
ﺪﻴﻟﻮﺗ
لﺎﺑ و هدﻮﺑ تﻮﺻ ﻞﻴﻠﺤﺗ ﻲﺒﻘﻋ يﺎﻫ
ترﺪـﻗ ﺪـﻗﺎﻓ و ﻪـﺘﻓر
زاوﺮﭘ ﺪﻧ ) ﻞﻜﺷ .(1A
ﻢـﺨﺗ ﺪـﻨﻠﺑ هدﺎـﻣ ﺰـﻳر )
3 / 22 - 6 / 19
ﻲﻠﻴﻣ ﺮﺘﻣ ( هﺪﻋﺎﻗ ﺶﺨﺑ رد ، ﺖﻤـﺳ ﻪﺑ ﺎﻬﺘﻧا رد و ﺖﺳار يا
ﻪــﻧاﺪﻧد و هﺪــﻴﻤﺧ ﻻﺎــﺑ ﺖــﺳا راد
. ﻪﺤﻔــﺻ ﺮــﻧ داﺮــﻓا رد
ﺮﻳز ﺪـﻨﻠﺑ ﻲـﺳﺮﺳ ود نﺎـﻴﻣ زا و ﻪـﺘﻓﺎﻳ شﺮﺘـﺴﮔ ﻲـﺴﻨﺟ
) 1 / 7 - 2 / 5 ﻲﻠﻴﻣ ﺮﺘﻣ ( ﻪﺑ ﺖـﺳا هﺪﺷ ﻢﺧ ﻻﺎﺑ ﺖﻤﺳ )
ﻞﻜـﺷ
.(1B
سﻮﻛﺮﺳ ﻪﺑ ﺎﻫ ﺎـﻬﺘﻧا رد و هﺪـﺷ ﻢـﺧ ﻞـﺧاد ﺖﻤـﺳ
هﺎﻴﺳ ﻲﻠﺧاد ﻪﻧاﺪﻧد ياراد
ﻲﻣ ﮓﻧر ﺪﻨﺷﺎﺑ . ياراد ﺮـﻧ داﺮﻓا
ﻞﻴﮔز هﺪﻏ ﻚﻳ
هﻮﻬﻗ ﺪﻨﻧﺎﻣ ﻢﻜـﺷ ﻲﺘـﺸﭘ مود ﺪـﻨﺑ رد يا
ﺪﻨﺘﺴﻫ ﻲﮔﮋﻳو ﺮﮕﻳد زا.
ﻞﻜﺷ يﺎﻫ ود ،ﻪـﻧﻮﮔ ﻦـﻳا ﻲﺳﺎﻨﺷ
ﺮﺑاﺮﺑ ﻪﺳ ﺎﺗ
ﻴﺘﺳﺎﻓ هزاﺪﻧا ندﻮﺑ ﺪـﻨﺑ ﻦﻴـﻟوا ﻪـﺑ ﺖﺒﺴﻧ مﻮﻳﮋ
هﺎﺗﻮﻛ و ﻚﺧﺎﺷ ﺮﺗ
ﺖﺒـﺴﻧ ﻲﻳﻮـﻠﺟ يﺎﻫﺎﭘ نار لﻮﻃ ندﻮﺑ
ﺶﻴﭘ لﻮﻃ ﻪﺑ ﺖﺳا هدﺮﮔ
. راﻮﻧ دﺪﻋ ود ياراد داﺮﻓا ﻲﺧﺮﺑ
ﺪﻨﺘـﺴﻫ نﺪﺑ ﺖﺸﭘ رد ﻦﺷور ﻲﻟﻮﻃ
Bienko, 1964, -
(Bei
., 2015; Iorgu & Iorgu, 2008; Kanuch et al
1967; Eades
& Krištín, 2009)
. ﻢﺨﺗ ﻞﻜﺷ و هزاﺪﻧا ر
ﻪﻴﻤـﺴﺗ ﻪـﺟو ﺰـﻳ
٩٠
ﻲﻤﻠﻋ هﺎﺗﻮﻛ ﻪﻟﺎﻘﻣ
مد ﺦﻠﻣ ﻪﺑ ﻪﻧﻮﮔ ﻦﻳا داﺮﻓا هرا
؛ﺖﺳا يا
» «Dent
ﻪـﺑ مﻮـﻬﻔﻣ
و ﻪﻧاﺪﻧد
»
Cauda
« ﻢﺨﺗ ﻪﺑ هرﺎﺷا ﻪﻛ ﺖﺳا مد ﻲﻨﻌﻣ ﻪﺑ ﺰﻳر
ﻪـــﻧاﺪﻧد و ﺪـــﻨﻠﺑ دراد هدﺎـــﻣ هﺮـــﺸﺣ راد
. تاﺮـــﺸﺣ
ﻊﻤﺟ يروآ ﻪـﻜﻟ ياراد ﻪـﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣ درﻮﻣ ﻖﻃﺎﻨﻣ رد هﺪﺷ يﺎـﻫ
نﺪﺑ ﺮﺳاﺮﺳ رد هﺮﻴﺗ )
ﻚﺧﺎﺷ ﻲﺘﺣ ﺎﻫ
( ﻲﻣ ﺪﻨﺷﺎﺑ . ﺮﻫ قﺎﺳ
هﺮﻴﺗ و گرﺰﺑ يﺎﻫرﺎﺧ ياراد ،ﺎﭘ ﺖﻔﺟ ﻪﺳ
و هدﻮـﺑ ﮓﻧر
يﻮﻀﻴﺑ ﻲﻳاﻮﻨﺷ ءﺎﻀﻋا
هﺮﻴﺗ ﻞﻜﺷ يﺎـﻫﺎﭘ قﺎـﺳ رد ﮓﻧر
ﺪﻨﺘﺴﻫ زﺎﺑ عﻮﻧ زا ﻪﻛ ﻪﺘﻓﺮﮔ راﺮﻗ ﻲﻳﻮﻠﺟ
.
ﻲﮔﮋﻳو ﻲﻜﻴﺘﺳﻮﻛاﻮﻴﺑ يﺎﻫ ﺮﻧ تاﺮﺸﺣ-
بﺬﺟ ﺖﻬﺟ
هدﺎﻣ داﺮﻓا رد ﺐﻠﻏا و زور لﻮﻃ رد
تﺎﻋﺎﺳ ماﺪـﻗا ﻲﺑﺎﺘﻓآ
ﻲﻧاﻮﺧاﺮﻓ زاوآ ﺪﻴﻟﻮﺗ ﻪﺑ ﻲﻣ
ﻨﻳﺎﻤﻧ ﺪ . رد ﺮﻧ تاﺮﺸﺣ ياﺪﺻ
ﻲﻟﺎﺘﻴﺠﻳد ﻂﺒﺿ هﺎﮕﺘﺳد ﻂﺳﻮﺗ ﺖﻌﻴﺒﻃ
(Canon PC1192)
ﻪﻠﺻﺎﻓ زا و 5
1 - 10 ﻲﺘﻧﺎﺳ و ﺖﺒﺛ اﺪﺻ ﺪﻟﻮﻣ هﺮﺸﺣ يﺮﺘﻣ
مﺮﻧ رد راﺰﻓا
MATLAB
ﺪﻳدﺮﮔ شزادﺮﭘ .
ياﺪـﺻ ﻒﻴﺻﻮﺗ
يﺎــﻣد رد ﻲﻧاﻮــﺧاﺮﻓ 26
ﻳﺪــﺑ سﻮﻴــﺴﻠﺳ ﻪــﺟرد ﻦ
حﺮــﺷ
ﺖﺳا : ﻢﮔا ﺮﻫ ﻞﺑﻼﻴﺳ زا ﻞﻜﺸﺘﻣ و ﻢﻈﻨـﻣ ،ﻪﺘـﺳﻮﻴﭘ يﺎـﻫ
ا ﻲﻧاواﺮﻓ ﻪﺑ ﻪﻛ ﺖﺳ ﻲﻣ لﻮﻃ ﻪﻘﻴﻗد ود ﻂﺳﻮﺘﻣ رﻮﻃ
ﺪـﺸﻛ .
ﻞﺑﻼﻴﺳ داﺪﻌﺗ ﻪﻘﻴﻗد ﺮﻫ رد ﺎﻫ
46 / 0 31± ) 33 - 29 ( دﺪﻋ ﻞﺑﻼﻴﺳ ﻦﻴﺑ ﻪﻔﻗو و هدﻮﺑ
ﺎﻫ 02 / 1 3± ﻲـﻠﻴﻣ ﻪـﻴﻧﺎﺛ ) 5 - 0 (
ﺪﻳدﺮﮔ دروآﺮﺑ .
ـﺑ ﻞﺑﻼﻴﺳ عﻮﻧ ود ،ﻢﮔا ﺮﻫ لﻮﻃ رد ﻪ
رﻮـﻃ
ﻲﻣ راﺮﻜﺗ بوﺎﻨﺘﻣ ياﺮـﺑ مزﻻ نﺎـﻣز ﻦﻴﮕﻧﺎـﻴﻣ ﻪـﻛ ﺪﻧدﺮﮔ
لوا عﻮﻧ ﻞﺑﻼﻴﺳ 9
2 / 2 32± ﻲﻠﻴﻣ ﻪﻴﻧﺎﺛ ) 50 - 20 ( و هدﻮـﺑ
مود عﻮــﻧ ﻞﺑﻼﻴــﺳ نﺎــﻣز ﻦﻴﮕﻧﺎــﻴﻣ ﺮــﺑاﺮﺑ ود 78
/ 1 16±
ﻲــﻠﻴﻣ ﻪــﻴﻧﺎﺛ ) 25 - 10 ( ﻲــﻣ ﺪــﺷﺎﺑ . اﺪــﺻ ﺐــﻟﺎﻏ ﺲﻧﺎــﻛﺮﻓ
ﺮﺑ ترﺪﻗ ﻒﻴﻃ ﻲﻟﺎﮕﭼ و ﻪﻳرﻮﻓ ﻞﻳﺪﺒﺗ يﺎﻫرادﻮﻤﻧ سﺎﺳا
38 / 15 ﺪﺷ ﻪﺒﺳﺎﺤﻣ ﺰﺗﺮﻫﻮﻠﻴﻛ )
ﻞﻜﺷ 2 .(
ﻲﮔﮋﻳو ﺖـﺴﻳز يﺎـﻫ ﻲـﺳﺎﻨﺷ
- ﻢـﺨﺗ ﻂـﺳﻮﺗ ﺎـﻫ
ﻢﺨﺗ هرا ﺰﻳر يا ﻪﺘـﺷاﺬﮔ كﺎـﺧ رد هدﺎﻣ داﺮﻓا ﺪﻨﻠﺑ و ﻞﻜﺷ
ﻪﺑ نﺎﺘﺴﻣز و هﺪﺷ ﻲﻣ يﺮﭙﺳ ﻢﺨﺗ ترﻮﺻ
ددﺮﮔ . ﻢﻫ نﺎـﻣز
مﺮﮔ ﺎﺑ ﺪﻨﻔـﺳا ﺮـﺧاوا زا اﻮﻫ نﺪﺷ ﻢـﺨﺗ هﺎـﻣ
ﺦﻳﺮـﻔﺗ ﺎـﻫ
ﻲﻣ ﺪﻧﻮﺷ . ﺸﺣ رﻮﻬﻇ ﺮ
دادﺮـﺧ زا ﻞﻣﺎﻛ تا
ﻞـﻳاوا ﺎـﺗ هﺎـﻣ
ﻲﻣ ﺰﻴﻳﺎﭘ ﺪﺷﺎﺑ
(Iorgu & Iorgu, 2008)
.
ﻪﻧﻮﻤﻧ زا ﻲﺳرﺮﺑ يﺎﻫ
ﺖﻔﺟ ﻚﻳ ،هﺪﺷ ـﻧ هﺮﺸﺣ
و ﺮ
ﻪــﺴﺳﺆﻣ ﺲﻧﺎــﻳازﺮﻴﻣ ﻚــﻳﺎﻫ تاﺮــﺸﺣ هزﻮــﻣ رد هدﺎــﻣ هﺎﻴﮔ تﺎﻘﻴﻘﺤﺗ ﻲﻣ ﻲﻤﻳاد يراﺪﻬﮕﻧ رﻮﺸﻛ ﻲﻜﺷﺰﭘ
ﺪـﻧدﺮﮔ .
ﻞﻜﺷ 1 - ﻪﻧﻮﮔ
Polysarcus denticauda
: ﺮﻧ ﻞﻣﺎﻛ هﺮﺸﺣ(A)
، ﺮﻳز ﻪﺤﻔﺻ(B)
ﺮﻧ ﻲﺴﻨﺟ سﻮﻛﺮﺳ(a)
)(b)
ﻲﻠﺻا .(
Fig. 1. Polysarcus denticauda: (A) Male, (B) subgenital plate ♂ (a) cercus (b) (original).
هﺮﺸﺣ ﻦﻤﺠﻧا ﻪﻣﺎﻧ ،ناﺮﻳا ﻲﺳﺎﻨﺷ
35 ) : 2 ( ، 1394
٩١
ﻞﻜـﺷ 2 -
(A)
ﻲﻧاﻮـﺧاﺮﻓ زاوآ
Polysarcus denticauda
رد 2 ،ﻪـﻴﻧﺎﺛ ﻞﺑﻼﻴـﺳ ﻲﻟاﻮـﺗ(B)
رد ﺎـﻫ 300 ﻲـﻠﻴﻣ ،ﻪـﻴﻧﺎﺛ ﻲﻟاﻮـﺗ(C)
ﻞﺑﻼﻴﺳ رد ﺎﻫ 70 ﻲﻠﻴﻣ
،ﻪﻴﻧﺎﺛ ،ﻪﻳرﻮﻓ ﻞﻳﺪﺒﺗ(D)
ترﺪﻗ ﻒﻴﻃ ﻲﻟﺎﮕﭼ(E)
) ﻲﻠﺻا .(
Fig. 2. (A) Calling song of Polysarcus denticauda at 2 s, (B) Syllable sequence at 300 ms, (C) Syllable sequence at 70 ms, (D) Fast Fourier Transform, (E) Power Spectral Density (original).
ﻊﺑﺎﻨﻣ
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