[PDF] Top 20 Directory UMM :Data Elmu:jurnal:E:Ecological Economics:Vol30.Issue2.Aug1999:

... Economic evolution continues over time as more system diversity leads to increased effi- ciency and less entropy generated at the margin, and so on as the energy flow-diversity building cycle continues. This may be an ... Lihat dokumen lengkap

... The paper discusses an economically efficient and internationally equitable provision of a specific public good. The good in question, the Baltic Sea, satisfies a number of needs, but economic values implied may be ... Lihat dokumen lengkap

... primary data sources used to create each layer, as well as an assessment of data quality, is presented in Sweitzer and Langaas (1994), Folke and Langaas (1995), and Sweitzer et ... Lihat dokumen lengkap

... have been made in order to estimate the develop- ment in input and output flows. Biological fixa- tion at the end of the 1980s is estimated at 30 000 tonnes N/year (Ministry of Agriculture, 1991). The amount of nitrogen ... Lihat dokumen lengkap

... This section discusses a MADM model that describes how a property manager selects the most preferred LWRMS for a property. The ba- sic premise underlying MADM is that a prop- erty manager selects LWRMS for a property ... Lihat dokumen lengkap

... Common property not open access regimes community development quotas — CDQs, private property regimes individual transferable quotas — ITQs and Pigouvian taxes can produce the optimal am[r] ... Lihat dokumen lengkap

... Levins (1969, 1970) introduced the metapopula- tion concept in ecological science. For simplicity, Levins ignored local (or conventional) dynamics and assumed that any local population is either at zero or at its ... Lihat dokumen lengkap

... The emission coefficients are calibrated to base- year data on emissions by source and industry relative to the relevant emission carrier. Exoge- nous abatement reduces the emission coefficients over time. The ... Lihat dokumen lengkap

... In short, with regard to the four questions above as applied to water: 1 it is an essential resource; 2 it is being used unsustainably and becoming scarce in many areas; 3 relevant know[r] ... Lihat dokumen lengkap

... an ecological – economic approach to the manage- ment problem; moreover, both papers explicitly analyze the role of uncertainty in the ecosystem management ... Lihat dokumen lengkap

... money shocks did not affect output growth, and negative shocks had a highly significant effect in reducing output (at least for the period 1951:I–1987:IV). The results of Cover (1992), however, hold in an equation (which ... Lihat dokumen lengkap

... Excised antennules were fixed in 2% glutaraldehyde in 0.1 M sodium cacodylate buffer, pH 7.2, for 3 h to several days. The specimens were post-fixed in osmium tetroxide, washed in cacodylate buffer, and dehydrated in an ... Lihat dokumen lengkap

... providing laboratory space and Gaetan Daigle (Departement de mathematiques et statistique) for aid with statistical treatments. Special thanks are due to Diane Blanchard and Daniel Larocque for their help with panel ... Lihat dokumen lengkap

... higher survival rates and better growth rates than those infected with heterologous zooxanthellae (Fig. 1b). Comparable preliminary results were obtained in big raceways, where T. gigas infected with homologous CZ or FIZ ... Lihat dokumen lengkap

... Therefore, excessive sea urchin grazing of kelp may partially explain the cause of the decline of kelp forests, yet does not explain why kelp communities do not recover despite the few number of sea urchins in the coast ... Lihat dokumen lengkap

... Aggregative models typically are top-down approaches which attempt to infer the total risk (i.e., the sum of credit, market, and operating risks) of a broadly-defined business or product line from the capital ratios of ... Lihat dokumen lengkap

... The thick cost frontier approach decomposes the composite error and isolates the inefficiency component, m, by comparing the average efficiency of large subsamples of the available data. The complete sample is ... Lihat dokumen lengkap

... Heterocapsa circularisquama Horiguchi is a novel red tide causing species of which occurrences have been increasing in embayments of west Japan. This species has caused significant damage to shellfish aquaculture by ... Lihat dokumen lengkap

... Time series graphs also indicate a discontinuity in mean. Unit root tests are biased in favor of the unit root null hypothesis if there is a structural break in the series. We used the Perron (1990) test statistic, which ... Lihat dokumen lengkap

... Dealing with a limited number of coupons per customer is a form of multipart pricing which has received attention in the economics and business literature [see, for example, Alchian and Allen (1977); Hirshleifer ... Lihat dokumen lengkap