TRUdNG DAI HOC D 6 N G THAP Tap chi Khoa hoc SO 28 (10-:
MOT SO H^N CHE VA CAC GIAI PHAP NANG CAO HIEU QUA HOAT D(
CUA MO HINH NUOI CA BE KET HOP VOFL DU LICH TAI L A N G B E N U O I C A T H A N H PHO M Y T H O , TINH TIEN GIANG
• Nguyln Cdng Ti Tom tat
Ben canh nhimg lai ich to ldn dat duac, mo hinh nuoi cd be ket hop vai du lieh tgi My Tho gap phai mot so hgn che nhdt dinh. Kit qud nghien cieu eho thdy, nhirng hgn che chuyeu eiia mi Id ed nuoi chdm ldn (96,77%), gia tang su 6 nhiim nguon nuac (12,9%) vd mdt trom tdi sdn (9, Nhimg ho nuoi cd cUng de xudt mot so gidi phdp gop phdn khdc phuc cdc mdt ton tai vd ndng ea qua hogt dong cita mo hinh trong thai gian t&i nhu can thiep frp thudt vdo quy trinh nuoi cd, th phuang thire hogt dong eua cdc dich vu vd ndng cao y thite cua du khdch Ddy la nghien cieu da ve mo hinh nuoi ed be kit hap vdi du lich tgi Tien Giang.
Tie khoa: Cd be, du lieh. My Tho, nuoi ed.
1. Bat van de
Trong thy:c tien va nhieu nghien cuu cho thay su kit hpp giua du lich vdi hogt ddng san xuat da dem lai hieu qud cao ve nhieu mat [2], [3], [9]. Nd gdp phan quang ba hinh dnh dat nude, gidi tiueu vdi du khdch nhung lang nghi truyen thong, nhimg thdng cdnh vd cdc md hinh sdn xuat ndng nghiep tten tien. Sif ket hpp nay khong nhiing mang ve Ipi nhugn cho cdc cdng ty du lich ma cdn gdp phan tdng th§m nguon thu nhdp cho ngudi dan, nhat la nhimg ngudi sdn xudt ndng nghiep vd nhing ngudi boat dpng tgi cac ldng nghe truyen thong [1], [7], [8]. Tgi Tiln Giang, da cd nhieu hinh thuc du lich kit hop vdi sdn xudt mang lai hi^u qua rd ret frong thdi gian qua. Mdt so md hinh tieu bieu Id: du lich tham quan vudn cdy dn ttdi d Cai Lay va Cai Be;
md hinh kit hpp vdi sdn xuat hang t h i cdng my nghe, thuc pham tai cdc Idng nghe nhu det chieu d Long Dmh - Chau Thanh, ddng t i thd d Tdn Trung - thi xd Gd Cdng, sdn xuat bdnh phong sua d Cai Be, say ca khd d Vam Lang - Gd Cdng Ddng, sdn xuat h i tieu d My Phong - My Tho, san xuat ndn Bang Budng d Thdn Ciu Nghia - Chau Thanh [6].
La trung tam cia tinh Tien Giang, My Tho khdng chi day mgnh phat trien cdng nghiep, thuong mai ma cdn quan tdm phdt ttien kinh te ndng nghiep nhu nudi cd long be Md hinh nudi cd be d My Tho thdi gian qua da gdp phan tao ra vi§c lam cho ngudi dan, tang them thu nhdp, cdi thiSn kinh t l ro ret cho nhilu ndng hp. Ben canh nghe nudi cd.
*' Tnrcmg Dai hpc Tien Giang
du lich cung la mdt thi mgnh cua My Tho, h nhieu cdng ty dang khai thac dich vu tgi dd Cdng ty Du ljch Mekong, Cdng ty Du licl Giang, Cdng ty Du lich Ben Tre, Cdng ty D Chuong Duong.. Hoat ddng du lich sinh t]
mang lai nguon thu nhgp on dinh cho nguo doanh nghiep, gdp phan qudng bdhinh dnh ^4 vdi du khdch ttong vd ngodi nude [4]. Du hch Tho chi yeu la ket hpp vdi nuoi cd long be (j Id "md hinh"). Thdi gian qua, boat ddng c i hinh" nay da mang Igi loi nhugn cho cac cdnj lich, ndng cao thu nhdp vd cdi thien kinh te gi cho nhilu ndng hd nudi cd. "Md hinh" da cui cho du khdch nhihig giay phut tiiu gian sau i gid ldm viec met nhoc, nhiing thu vui tao nt cau ca giai tri, cheo thuyen tten sdng, thudn;
cdc mdn an ngon t i ca, dan ca tai t i tten be ( Tuy nhien, ben canh cdc lpi ich to ldn dgt tin "md hinh" ndy cing dang gap phdi mdt i khan nhat dinh va chua thi nhdn rdng, ma n nhdn chu yeu thi chua dupc xac dinh mpt c rdng; vi the vi?c khao sat y kien cia ngudi n ve nhung hgn che cia "md hinh" de phan tich gid la &eu can thiet. Ket qua nghien cuu si sd du lieu quan ttpng, giip cac ca quan chii dl ra nhiing gidi phdp phu hop, gdp phan nSi hieu qua hogt ddng vd nhdn rdng md hinh nud kit hpp vdi du lich ttong thdi gian tdi tai M
2. Phirong phap nghien cuu Bdi vilt nay s i dung so lipu thu thdp tu 3 - 9/2016, tiidng qua cdc cupc dieu tta true nhdm hd nudi cd be (nhdm hd nudi cd chua k
TR0CJNG DAI HQC DONG THAP T a p chi Khoa hoc so 28 (10-2017) vdi du lich vd nhdm hd nudi ca da kit hpp vdi du
lich) bdng bdng cdu hdi soan sdn. Tong cpng cd 62 ho (14 hp nudi cd be da kit hop vdi du Iich, 48 hd nuoi ca chua ket hop vdi du hch) tham gia phdng van va dupc chpn mpt cdch ngdu nhien. Dia ban ngjiien ciu Id xa Thdi Son va phudng Tdn Long cua thanh pho My Tho. Cdc cdu hdi tap trung vdo y kiln chi quan cia ngudi nuoi ca v l nhiing ton tai cua "md hinh", ciing nhu cdc y kien de xuat cua cac ndng hd de gdp phan nang cao hieu qud hoat dpng cia "md hinh" ttong tuong lai. Mic dp ciia cdc hgn che ttong "md hinh" dupc ngudi dan danh gid bdng each cho diem tu 1 den 3 (tdng theo chieu tdng dan cia chiing) theo hilu bilt cd nhdn cua hp ve cac van de cd Uen quan. Nhdm nghien ciu ciing s i dung them phuong phap true quan dl hem ching thdng tin vd bd sung dii lieu. So lieu thu ibap dupc mdhda, phan tich bang phan mem Excel 2010 vd SPSS 16.0; trong dd s i dyng cac tiiong ke md ta, xep hgng vd phdn tich ANOVA 1 yeu to
3. Ket qua va thao luan 3.1. Nhihig h ^ che cua ''mo hinh"
3.1.1. Y kiin chung ve nhirng han ehi eua
"mo hinh "
Ben cgnh nhiing Ipi ich to Idn md "md hinh"
da mang lgi cho cdc hp ddn nhu ca nudi ban dupc gia cao hon, tdng thu nhdp tu cac hoat dpng dich vu, cd tiln tu su chi frd cia cdc cdng ty du lich, giao Imi van hda, tiiu gian va qudng bd nghi nghiep thi
"mo hinh" ciing dang gap phai mpt so khd khan Qign che) nhat dinh. Kit qua dilu fra cho thay, "md hinh" dang g^ phai mdt so han chl nhu ca nudi bi cham ldn, ldm gia tang d nhiem nguon nude, mat ttpm tdi sdn tai be nudi cia chi hp va phdt sinh cdc van dl vl an ninh frat tu xahpi (Bdng 1)
Bang 1. Nhiing han che cua "md hmh' NhuDg h^n ch^ cua
"mo hinh"
Ca nuoi chim Ion Tang SII 6 nhiem nuc^c Mat tiom tai san Phat sinh cac van de ve an ninh trattti
Han che kh^c
So ho kh6ng bilt mo hinh c6 h^Qche
S^h6 chon 60
8 6 4 2 2
T y l e 96,77
(%)
12,9 9,68 6,45 3,22 3,22
Bdng 1 cho thay, da so cdc hd tham gia phdng van deu nhdn thay duoc nhung han che cia "md hinh" Viec cac tau thuyen chd du khdch den tham quan be ca, chay vdi toe dp cao; du khdch len be vdi tan so Idn se lam dnh hudng din mdi trudng sinh song cia cd, ldm chung sfress, gidm dn, trd nen chdm Idn. Day la han che dupc cdc hp nudi chpn nhilu nhat (96,77%).
Khdng chl cd nudi bi dnh hudng ma mdi trudng nude ciing bi dnh hudng, khi cdc tdu thuyin van chuyen du khdch gap su co ve may mdc, ttong qua trinh sua chua xa thai dau nhdt ra mdi trudng.
Ngoai ra, y thic cia du khdch ddi lic cung cdn thdp, xd rdc b i a bai xuong sdng lam d nhiem nguon nude. Ben canh dd, khdng chi du khdch ma cac hd nudi cd ket hpp vai du hch do gia (finh tir to chic ciing chua y thic dupc tac hgi cia viec xd rac xuong sdng bua bdi cd till ldm dnh hudng din mdi trudng xung quanh Nhdm han che ndy cd ly Ie chpn la 12,9% (Bang 1).
Mat ttpm tdi sdn Id ban chl thi ba dupc 9,68%
cac hd tham giaphdng van nhdn thay. Ddi khi su lo la, khdng de phdng cia chu hd hay du khdch ciing Id mdt moi nguy mat mac cho nhiing tdi sdn cd gid tri nhu dien thoai di dpng, laptop mini hogc nhung tdi sdn cd gia tri khac.
An ninh ttat tu, cung la mdt van dl dupc cdc hd nudi cd quan tdm ddnh gia. Nhirng hp tham gia kit hpp vdi du lich thudng td chic nau an hay dich vu cung cap nude u6ng phyc vu cho du khdch tai be ciing gdy on ao, dnh hudng den cac hp xung quanh. Nhiing van de phat sinh khi an nhau cia du khdch nhu ttanh cai, gdy go se lam anh hudng den hp khac vd lam mat an ninh ttat tu. Han che nay cd ty le chpn la 6,45% (Bdng 1).
Ben canh nhirng han che ndi tten, Bdng 1 cdn cho thay, cd mpt nhdm "hgn che khac" dupc cdc hd chon vdi ty Ie nhd (3,22%), hp cho bilt mdi lan khach len tham quan be ddng, nen qud trinh ttep khach thudng ton nhilu thdi gian, chi hd bi m^t mdi vd dnh hudng den thdi gian chdm sdc dan cd nudi.
Ngoai ra, cdn cd mpt ty le vdi 3,22% so hd phdng van khdng biet "md hinh" cd han che hay khdng vd nhiing hd nay Id nhiing hd nudi ca chua kit hop vdi du hch (Bdng 1).
3.1.2. tkien vi han ehi cua "mo hinh" theo timg nhdm hd nuoi cd
So heu dilu tta dupc tdch rieng thanh 2 nhdm 9 1
TRUCfNG DAI HOC DONG THAP Tap chi Khoa hpc s d 28 (10-:
hd (da ket hpp vdi du ljch va chua kit hpp vdi du dpng cia "md hinh" ttong tuong lai. Mic d lich) de phdn tich sau hon ve nhung han che cia hudng cia nhiing han che ttong "md hinh"
"md hinh", tu dd dl tim ra cdc gidi phdp dl gdp phdn ndng cao hieu qua hogt ddng cia "md hinh"
frong thdi gian tdi.
Kit qud dilu fra cho thay, phan ldn cdc hd cua 2 nhdm diu nhdn thay khd tot nhinig han chl cu the cua md hinh. Ddi vdi han che "cd nudi chdm ldn" thi 2 nhdm hp deu danh gja day Id 1 ban che ldn c i a md hinh, vi the md so hp chpn rat cao (100% doi vdi hd da kit hpp vdi du ljch vd 95,8%
doi vdi hp chua ket hpp vdi du lich) vd su ddnh gia nay khac biet khdng cd y nghia (p>0,05) giua 2 nhdm hd (Bdng 2). Dilu nay ching td "cd nudi chdm Idn" Id 1 han chl Idn can phai quan tam tim gldi phap dl khac phuc khi dp dpng hodc nhan rpng "md hinh"
Bang 2. Nhung h^n che cua "mo hinh" qua y kien cua 2 nhdm h6 nuoi cd
cdc hd nudi ddnh gia thdng qua phuong p h ^ diem, ^ e m so duoc cdc hd danh gia t i 1-3 vd nd ty 1Q thudn vdi muc dp dnh hudng (Bdj Bang 3. Mic dp dnh huong cua nhung han chl
"mfi hinh"
STT
1 2 3 4 5
Han c h l cua "m6 hinh"
Ca nuoi chdm l i n Mat tFQm tai s ^ Tang sir 6 nhifim nuoc An ninh trgt tir p h i c tgp Han chl khdc
fiiem danli (DiSm cang thi mifc dp hirdng cang 2,64 ± 0 , 2,28 ± 0 , 1,00 ± 0 , 1,00 ± 0 , 1,00 ± 0 , Ghi chu: So lieu trong bdng I gid tn trung binh
Han che cua "mo hinh"
Hd da kit hop H8 chua kit hpp vdi du lich vdi du lich Tan so Tyle Tan so Tvie
(hd) {%) (ho) (%) Ca nuoi cham Ion
Gia t ^ g sti 6 nhiim nuoc Mat tiom t ^ s ^ Phat s i n h v ^ d e v £ a n nuih triit tu Han che kh^c
14 4 3 2
1 100 28,6 21,4 14,3
7,1 46
4 3 2
1 95,8
8,3 6,2 4,2
2,1 Hinh 1. Bilu do the hi^n mic do anh hu^
J A i nhirng han che trong "mo hinh"
Bdng 2 cdn cho tiiay, y kien ve "gia tang sy Ghichu:AmT:annir,ht^ttv.
6 nhiem nude" giua 2 nhdm hp Id khdc bi$t cd y jjan chl "cd nuoi cham Idn" duoc cac h^
nghia (p<0,05). Midm hp da ket hpp vdi du hch gj^ ^^ ^^^ ^p anh hudng Idn (s6 hp chpn 3 nhgn thay hgn che nay nhieu ban nhdm hd chua chiem 64,3% (Hinh I) vd trung binh 2,64 kit hpp (28,6% so vdi 8,3%), bdi vi cac hd dd kit (Bdng 3)), bdi vi tiieo hp thi viec tdu tiiuylr hpp vdi du lich tiii nhung boat ddng Idm gia tdng vdi toe dp cao khi ghe be hogc du khdch di Igi d nhiem nude thudng gdn lien vdi cupc song tgi
be cd cua hp, nen hp de dang nhgn thay hon so vdi nhiing hp chua kit hpp.
3.1.3. Miec do dnh huong ciia nhUng hgn ehi trong "mo hinh "
Nghien ciu ciong tien hdnh phdn tich sau hon frong sir ddnh gia cua hp nudi ca v l muc dp anh hudng cia nhiing han che d "md hinh", qua dd xac dinh nhung hgn che nao cd anh hudng ldn, han che ndo cd mic dd tdc ddng nhd, nhdm dl xuat cdc gidi phap thich hpp gdp phan ndng cao hipu qud boat
due fren be se ldm cd nudi nhit nhat, gidm an chdm Idn, thdi gian nudi keo ddi hon so vd thudng, dllu nay gay anh hudng tieu cue dei qud kinh t l cua hd nudi.
Tuong tu nhu ban chl "ca nudi chdm thi "mat ttpm tai sdn" cung Id hgn che dm hd danh gid cd mic dp dnh hudng rat ldn ( chon 3 dilm chilm 78,6% (Hinh 1) vd truni 2,28 dilm (Bdng 3)) va hp cho biet, chi mp Io Id tin chu hp cd thi bj mat nhieu tdi sdn cd nhu &en thogi di dpng, laptop mini va cdc 1
TRUCflSfG DAI HOC D 6 N G T H A P T a p chi Khoa hpc so 28 (10-2017)
CO gia tn khdc. Do dd, d l "md hinh" tilp tuc phat trien, thi ngudi nudi cd, cdng ty to chic du lich vd cac ben cd lien quan can tim ra cdc giai phdp tdi im de khac phuc cac hgn che nay,
Ngupc Igi vdi 2 han chl da neu, thi cac han che nhu "tdng su d nhiem nude", "an ninh ttat tu phic tap" vd "han che khdc" dupc cdc hd ddn ddnh gia cd mic do dnh hudng 1 h ^ (so hd ddnh gid 1 i i m chiem 100%), bdi vi hp cho rang cdc ban chl n ^ rat it xay ra, hoac neu cd xdy ra thi mic dp dnh hudng ciing khdng ldn.
3.2. Mgt so giai phap de khac phuc nhung h^n che ciia "mo hinh"
3.2 1. Cdc gidi phdp khac phuc nhirng hgn chi cua "mo hinh "
Nghien ciu da ghi nhdn mpt so y kiln md hp nuoi ca M de xudt nham khac phuc nhung han che cua "mo hinh", khi tiep tuc ^ dung "md hinh" hodc nhan rgng "md hinh" ttong thdi gian tdi
Ddi vdi ban che "cd nudi chdm ldn" thi cac hp nudi dd de xudt mdt sd gidi phap de khdc phuc nhu cho cd an tiiem vitamm C, gjdm tdc dp tau khi ghe be, nen chd khach len be mpt each tap trung va du khach khi di tham quan be nen tudn theo su hudng ddn cia chu be (Hinh 2).
T y l | h § c h g n C % )
TronUiem T»i giam t6cd§ Cho khach len be K M c b ^ b e Vilamin C khi gh£ be ca nen cbd ( ^ tnmg nSn Iheo sv
hudng dim ciia ( M b e
Hinh 2. Bilu do the hien nhung giai phap de khic phuc han che "ca nuoi cham ldn"
Hinh2 cho thay, gidi p h ^ frdn them vitamin C cho ca an dl gidm sfress, hd frp s i c khde dupc cdc hp nudi d l xuat nhieu nhdt vdi 78,57%, dilu nay cho thay cdc hd nudi rat quan tdm din sue khde cd vi cd nudi chdm ldn se keo ddi thdi gian nudi lam
^ hudng xau din loi nhudn c i a ho. Mdt ngi^en nhan nua Idm cd bi sfress Id viec cdc tau tiii^ln ghe be vdi toe dp cao, vi vgy cdc hd nudi da dl nghi CM:
tau tinmen khi chd khdch du lich ghe tham quan
be canen chgy vdi toe dp 1h%) (chilm 14,28%) dl ttanh lam dnh hudng den ca. Giai phdp chd khdch len be nen chd tap trung va du khdch khi ghe tham quan be nen tuan Iheo su hudng dan cua chu be, cd cing mdt ty Ie hd dl xuat Id 21,42%, cac hp nay cho biet neu khach Ien be chia ra nhieu nhdm nhd vdi tan so ghe thdm Idn vd khdng tudn theo su hudng dan cia chu be thi se anh hudng den ca nudi cua hp cho nen hp cd d l xuat nhu tten dc hogt dpng tham quan cia du khdch it tdc dpng nhat din dan cd nudi frong be.
Ngodi ra, ket qua dieu fra cdn cho bilt, doi vdi han che "gia tang su d nhiem nude" cia md hinh, thi y kien du khach phai nang cao y thic giu ve sinh mdi trudng, khdng v i t rac xuong sdng dupc 100% cdc hp de xuat Hp cho bilt neu du khach giu duoc y thuc tot vd khdng xa rac xuong sdng thi mdi trudng se it bi 6 nhiem, Han che "mat from tai sdn" cung dupc 100% cdc hp nudi de xuat y kien de khdc phuc, cdc de xuat do Id chu be nen giu gin nhihig tdi sdn cd gia tn can than hon, khdng mang xuong be cd hoac de trong t i cd khda can tiidn nham ttanh xdy ra mdt mac.
• Eh^ch Ithftng nhan quji U l l ^
• Du kfaacb plim Ae hiSn tinh Hch su sau kin an l i ^
Hinh 3. Bieu dl tbi hien y kien de xu^t cua nhung hd nudi ca dl khac phuc ban cbe "ao ninh tr|t ty
pbuc tap"
Rieng hgn chl "an ninh ttat tu phic tap" titi cd 50% cdc hd nudi kiln nghi du khdch khdng dn nhau qua khuya dl ttanh lam mat an ninh ttat tu cia khu vuc; ben canh do cd 50% cdc hd nudi d l xuat du khdch phdi the hien tinh lich syi khi dn tiec tai be nhu khdng ttanh cai, gay gd lam on ao, dnh hudng den nhiing hp nudi cd xung quanh, de nghi ndy chi yiu xuat phat t i nhdm hd kit hop vdi du lich bang hinh thic gia ^ n h tu to chuc, bdi vi hgn chl nay gan liln vdi hogt dpng, dich vu hang ngay cia hp nen ho de ddng nhan thay vd dl xuat duoc cdc gldi phi() cu the (Hinh 3).
93
TRUCJNG DAI HOC DONG THAP T a p chl Khoa hoc so 28 (10-:
3.2 2 Nhom gidi phdp doi vai cdc cong ty du lieh
Nghien ciu dd tien hdnh khao sat y kiln cia cdc hp nudi ca chua ket hpp vdi du lich, ve sy chao mdi tham gia "md hinh" cia cdc cdng ty du lich doi vdi hp, qua dd nham ddnh gia nhung mong muon, cung nhu khd nang chdo mdi tham gia "md hinh"
de md rpng dja &em tham quan cho cac cdng ty du hch va nhu cau tham quan cia du khach (Hinh 4).
Hinh 4 cho thay, cd 27,1% so hp nudi ca cho biet, hp dupc cdc cdng ty du lich ghe mdi hp tham gia "md hinh" bdi vi cac cdng ty cing muon thi^et phpc hp tham gia md hinh dl ddi ben cing cd lpi.
Ben cgnh dd, cd 72,9% so hd nudi khdng duoc cdc cdng ty du lich ghe chdo mdi tham gia md hinh, ma theo ho thi nguyen nhdn cd the la do be nudi cia hp cdn so khai chua ddm bdo an todn cho du khdch nen chua dupc cdc cdng ty quan tdm chdo mdi
• Cd • Khong
Hinb 4. Bilu dl thi hidn sir chao mii cac h$ nudi cd tham gia "md hinh" cua cac cdng ty du licb Vdi muc dich cung nhau phdt trien, ddi ben cung cd lpi, gdp phan ndng cao hieu qud va tang tinh thu hit nhieu ndng hd nudi ca tham gia nhan rdng "md hinh" ttong thdi gian tdi, cac hp nudi cd da ket hpp vdi du lich ciing da de xuat mpt so gidi p h ^ doi vdi cdc cdng \y du lich. Nhung kiln nghi nay dupc the h i ^ d Hinh 5.
50
I 1 J L l 21,4 214
Tang Ihon Lom Kbosg co y kicD T i i ^ tbtei a c i lA XU^ khac du t|di clu M
Hinh 5. Bilu do the hi|n dexu^t cuangudi nudi cd doi vdi cac cong tv du licb de ndng cao hieu qua cua "md binb"
Hmh 5 cho tiiay, y kiln tdng tiiem tour d dupc su quan tdm cao cia cac hp nudi vdi 5(
hp dl xuat, bdi vi cdc hd nudi ca dd ket hpp i lich ludn muon cd them tour du lich dl tar nhgp cho gia dinh, vi lpi ich t i md hinh doi i la rat Idn. Ben cgnh dd, cd 21,4% hd nudi xuat cdc cdng ^ du lich nen tang so tien chi ti ho khi cd du khdch den tham quan be, nhii cd de nghi ndy Id nhung hd muon cd them ti ttang ttdi cho cupc song gia ^nh va so tien i nhgn dupc trudc day khdng nhilu so vdi q i gian md hp bd ra de tilp khach.
Cung ty Ie 21,4% vdi de xuat "tang thei chi trd" la cdc gidi phdp "khdc" (Hinh 5) nhi doan khdch thdnh nhieu nhdm nhd de ti$n It cac cdng ty du lich can tang cudng quang ba mdi du khach; hudng ddn vien can tu van c khach tot hem v l cac ky nang khi tilp xic vi cd nudi. Nhiing hp dua ra dl xuat ndy Id nhu cho rdng, thdi gian qua cd rdt nhieu doan I tham quan khu vuc long be, nhung hp chi thuyen tham quan ddng song, chup dnh cdc be, chi khdng frep xuc vdi be cd; va khi du I len be thi su hudng dan cia cac hudng dai chua thgt chu dao, dl du khach tap trung ( gde be, gde be bi ngdp nude, lam cd nudi c thodt ra ngodi.
Ngodi ra cd 28,6% (Hinh 5) cdc hd nudi 1 cd de xuat doi vdi cdc cdng ty du lich de nan hieu qud cua "md hinh", bdi vi thu nhdp ti kit hpp vdi du lich mang lai cho hp khdng i Phan Idn nhung hd khdng cd dl xuat la nhu mdi kit hpp vdi du Hch t i 1 -2 ndm hoac chi h vdi cac cdng ty du lich dudi mot hinh thuc 1 du khdch Ien tham quan be ca dl nhdn tien tl tu cdc cdng ty du lich vd so tien ma hp thu di cdc cdng ty du lich, du khdch ciing khong da 3.2 3. Nhom gidi phdp doi v&i edc co nhd nu&c
Myc dich cia viec khdo sdt nay nham gid mic dp quan tdm, khuyen khich va chin) hd fro cia co qudn Iy ve hoat dpng du lich d
"mo huih" ndy tgi dia phuang. Qua khao sdt;
cua cdc hd nudi cd dd ket hpp vdi du lich du hien d Hinh 6, nhin chung thi cac hp nudi ng y kiln vdi cdc CO quan nha nude, cd 57.1% i nudi khdng cd y kien. Tuy nhien, cung cd
imUCflSIG DAI HOC DONG THAP Tap chi Khoa hpc sd 28 (10-2017) ho nudi rdt tdm quylt vdi "md hinh" ndy va hp
da de xuat mpt so gidi p h ^ nhu "hd frp vay von"
(chilm 28,6%) va mpt so giai phdp "khdc" nhu tiii diem ddnh gia hi$u qud cia "md hinh" d mdt vdi hp de nhdn rpng ra cdc hd xung quanh, hd ttp thi tuc vd hudng ddn q i ^ trinh de thpc hien "md hinh"
(chilm 14,3%).
• Khong CO y iden • Ho Irovay von
• Khac
57,1%
Hinh 6. Bieu do the hien de suat cua ngirM dan doi vdi c^c CO quan nha nird'c de nang cao hieu qua cua
"md binh"
Cd 28,6% cdc hd khao sat dl nghj duoc ho ttp vay von vdi chinh sach uu dai nhu lai suat thap hay
hieu qud cua "mo hinh" d mdt vai hp tieu bieu, dl thay ro hon ve tinh hipu qua, dl ddng nhdn rdng ra cac hp xung quanh, tu dd tao dupc syr lien kit, gdp phan nang cao hieu qud cia "md hinh" tgi khu vuc nudi cd long be cua tiidnh pho My Tho. Gidi phdp nhd nude phai "hd ttp cdc t h i tuc hdnh chinh mdt cdch thugn loi", "cd quy hoach chi tiet" va "hudng ddn quy trinh thuc hien mpt each cu thi" Id y kiln de xuat cia nhieu hd nudi ndm frong nhdm gidi phdp "khdc", vdi mong muon "md hinh" dupc nhan rpng dl ddng va khi dp dung tiii se dgt duoc hi^u qud cao nhat, v i a mang lai lpi nhugn, v i a tao dupc my quan dd thi, dong thdi bdo v? duoc mdi trudng vd he smh thai tgi dia phuong
4. Ket luan
Md hinh nudi ca be ket hop vdi du lich tai My Tho dang gap phai mpt sd han chl nhat dinh, cd 96,78% cdc hp khdo sdt da thay duoc nhung khd khdn cua md hinh, frong do chiylu Idcdnudi chdm Idn (96,77%), gia tang sir d nhilm nguon nude khong can phai tiie chap tdi sdn. Trong bit ky hoat (12,9%) vd mat ttpm tai sdn (cd^9,65%), dpng sdn xuat kinh doanh ndo ciing deu can cd mdt
nguon von nhat dinh, dac biet vdi md hinh nudi cd be ket hpp vdi du lich thi can cd mpt lupng von rat Idn de dau tu mua sam cdc trang thiet bi phuc vu cho viec nudi cd, xdy dung cac be nudi duoc kien CO hon vd mua sam cac vat dung khdc (can cdu, ban ghi...) phuc vu cho boat ddng du lich. Vi vay ngudi nudi ca thudng tiiieu von san xuat, gidi phap cua hp thudng la di vay von, cho nen de xuat ndy diroc ngudi ddn de nghi cao nhdt.
Ben canh dd, cd 14,3% cac hd nudi dua ra cac gidi phap "khac" (Hinh 6) nhu thi diem ddnh gia
Nhiing hp nuoi cd ciing de xuat mpt so gidi phdp gdp phan khdc phuc cac mat ton tgi va nang cao bieu qud hoat ddng cia "md hinh" ttong thdi gian tdi, nhu can thiep ky thudt vdo quy trinh nudi cd, thay doi phucmg thic hoat ddng cua cdc dich vu vd ndng cao y thuc cua du khdch. Tuy nhien, ve phia cdc nhd khoa hpc vd cdc co quan chic ndng tai dia phuong can cd nhung nghiSn ciu sdu hon nua ve mdt so gidi phdp, de khac phuc nhiing mat han che hien nay cua "md hinh", de md hinh nudi ca be ket hpp vdi du lich that su la mdt md hinh kinh t l mang lgi hi$u qud cao, dua tten nhiing tiem ndng san cd cua thanh pho My Tho./.
Tai lieu tham khao
[1 ]. Ngi^ln Thi Be Ba vd cdng tdc vien (2013), "Tilm nang va dinh hudng phdt triln du lich huyen Chau Thanh tinh Bin Tre", Tgp ehi khoa hoc - Truong Dgi hoe Su phgm Thanh phd Hd Chi Minh, (so 49), tt. 180-186.
[2]. Nguyen Thi Huong Lan (2016), "Du lich Idng nghi - Tilm nang vd dinh hudng phdt triln", Tgp chi Gido due nghe thudt Truong Dai hoc Suphgm Nghi thudt Trung uong, (so 2), tt. 7-14.
[3]. MMO (Marine Management Organisation) (2013), Social impacts of fisheries, aquaculture, recreation, tourism and marine protected areas (MPAs) in marine plan areas in England, A report produced for tiie Marine Management Organisatton, p. 192, MMO Project No 1035,ISBN: 978-1-909452-19-0.
[4]. Duong Thi Ngpt (2016), Khdo sdt nhdn thuc cua nguai nuoi cd ve su ket hap giira nuoi cd be v&i du lich tgi khu vuc ldng be nuoi cd thdnh phd My Tho tinh Tiin Giang, Lugn van tot nghiep Dai hpc, Trudng Dai hpc Tiln Giang, Tiln Gnang.
95
TRUCflsTG DAI HOC DONG THAP Tap chJ Khoa hpc so 28 (10-:
[5]. Huynh Phi, Tran Anh Thu (2009), Du lieh sinh thdi vd bdo tdn moi tnrong Ddng bdng Cuu Long, Sd Van hda - Thi thao va Du ljch An Giang.
[6]. Dodn Van Re (2016), "Bdo ton vd phdt tnen lang nghi t h i cdng truyin thong d tinh Giang", Ky yiu hoi thdo khoa hoc Nghien cuu vdn hoa ddn gian tgi tinh Tiin Giang, Trudng Da Tiln Giang, fr. 165-177
[7]. Pham Quoc S i (2007), Phdt trien du lich ldng nghi - Nghien cuu truong hop tinh Hd NXB Dai hpc quoc gia Ha Ndi.
[8] Huynh Cdng Tin, Hoang Thi Anh Tuylt (2014), "Lang nghe truyin thong Dong bdng sdnj Long frong qud trinh hien dai hda", Ky yiu hoi thdo khoa hoc qude ti Ldng nghi truyen thdng vd trien du lich 2014, Trudng Dai hpc Khoa hpc Xd hdi vd Nhdn vdn Thanh pho Ho Chi Minh
[9] Vu Thi Kieu Trinh (2012), Dinh hu&ng phdt triin du lich tai ldng nghi cdy cdnh xdNam huyin Nghia Hung tinh Nam Dinh, Ludn vdn tot nghipp Dai hpc, Trudng Dgi hoc Van hda Ha Ndi, HE
PROBLEMS AND SOLUTIONS TO FISH CAGE-CULTURE W r m COMBINED TOURISM MODEL IN MY THO CITY, TIEN GUNG PROVINC
Summary
In addition to major benefits, the fish cage-culture with combined tourism model in My Tho is f problems The research results showed that major problems include slow-growtii fish (96.77%),' resource pollution increase (12.9%) and properties stolen (9.65%). Fish fanners suggested solu to help the model improve in the future such as technical intervention in the fish-farming proce service format changes and tourists' awamess increase This study is the first on the fish cage-ci with combined tourism model in Tien Giang.
Keywords: Fish cage, tourism. My Tho, fish farming.
Ngdy nhdn bdi: 17/3/2017; Ngdy nhdn lgi: 24/5/2017, Ngdy duyet ddng: 15/8/2017.
