QUANTR!-QUAN IV
TO CHtfC QUAN LY TRONG TRiJOiNG DAI HOC TRlJCfC YEU CAU
DOI MCfl QUAN TRI DAI HOC VA KHdl NGHIEP DOI MCfl SANG TAO
• DINH VAN TOAN
TOM T A T :
CuOc Cdch mang cdng nghiep 4.0 ma chu dao la kd't nd'i va cdng nghe so' tao mdi irffdng lioc tdp md dang ddt ra yeu cau cdc tn/dng dai hge dieomd hinh truyen thd'ng - qudn ly va dieu hanh mang tinh hdnh chinh nhff cdc trffdng dai hpc edng lap hidn nay phai Uiay ddi. Trffdng khdng chl ddng khung trong cdc bffc tffdng cua giang di/dng, ldp hoe hay phdng thi nghiem, md phSi md rdng ket nd'i vdi doanh nghiep, vdi xa hgi de trd thanh mgt he smh thdi gido due, nghien effu vd ddi mdi sdng lao, ddp dng dffdc yeu cau ciia cdc ben cd ldi ich lien quan. Bai Viet idm rd sff thay doi cda quan trj dai hgc trong bdi cdnh mdi, tff dd dffa ra nhffng de xua't eho cdc trffdng dai hpc d Viet Nam ve ddi mdi md hinh td chffc bd may.
Tiif khda: Cdch mang eong nghiep 4.0, quan tri dai hge, mo hinh td chffc dai hgc.
1. Quan trj dgi hgc
Quan tried tam quan trgng va dUde coi la nhan i6qu\ci dmh lao nen thanh edng eiia to chffc. Qudn irj lo't ta tao ra mpt he thd'ng cdc thie't che', nguyen l^e quan tri td't cho td chffc, trong dd cd ed eau bp miy \a phdi hdp cdc ngudn life khde nhau de dat ilifcic cdc mue tidu chie'n tffdc phdt trien ciia td chffc. Dieu nay cang ird ndn rd rang hdn vd dae bicl quan trgng dd'i vdi trffdng dai hoc. ndi ngudn
^on ddc irffng la con ngffdi vdi ty trong nhan life ch3^t Iffdng cao ldn hdn mffc trung binh chung cua xa hpi,cung \di cdc san pham quan trgng nhat la in Ihffc va cong nghd mdi,
Quan tri trffdng dai hgc (gpi chung Id quan tri
*lai hoc) !a mdt he thdng dffde thie't lap va thffc hi^n trong cac trffdng dai hpc phu hdp vdi sff phdt wn kinh te' - xd hpi dffdng dai. Quan tri dai hpc
dffa \ao nhdng nguyen ty va thdng le hu'dng den vide tri/dng dai hpc thffc hien dffdc sd mdnh cua minh vd ihffc hien cai tid'n lidn tuc eae mdl hoal dong de ddp dng lot nhd't ydu cau ciia cdc ben lien quan. Cdc nguydn tv qudn tri nay cd thd' theo quy trinh hay difa tren ke't qua dau ra vdi cdc tidu chi cu the de eae ben tidn quan cd the gidm sat ede boat dpng ciia trffdng dai hpc.
Mat khde. quan tri dai hpc eung can tuan thu edc nguyen ldc mang linh bat bugc dffdc cac cd quan qudn ty nha nu'dc hay cd quan chu sd hffu ban hdnh nham dam bao sff minh bach va edng bdng trong quan ty va hoat ddng (Dinh Van Toan.
2019c. tr,52). Do vd\'. mgt Irong nhffng vd'n dd quan trpng anh hffdng dd'n mdc dp cua quan Iri dai hoe d Vidl Nam hidn nay la lim ra mdt mo hinh td chdc bp mdy phii hdp.
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Mpl he thdng quan tri dai hgc tdt >e khdi day va khuye'n khich cdi tdt phat trien, tao ra ngudn vdn tri lue - ehinh la bi quyd'l ha\ ldi the' canh tranh ciia mgt dai hpc trong the' gidi ngdv na\.
Trdi Iai. nd se lam bang hoai cdc gia tri cua dai hgc va huv hoai mdi trffdng dai hgc, Theo nhieu hgc gia. ngodi edehoat ddng trung tdm (nhif giang day. hpc tap. chu'dng trinh ddo iao, thdnh qua hpc tap. kidm tra va danh gia. ,1. cdc nhan td bd trd nhffng gdp phan quye't dinh de'n thdnh cdng cua trffdng dai hoc chinh td: lanh dao vd quan tri dai hpe (Ngd Tuyd't Mai. 2012). Thffc lien boat dgng ciia cdc irffdng dai hpc trdn the'gidi eiJng nhffmdt sd tdng kd't cua cdc nhd nghien effu eho thd'y.
nhffng dae diem chung nha't cua mpt trffdng dai hpc thdnh edngd tam ed qudc td'Id: chu trpng vao nang tffc; ngudn Iffe phong phu va sff quan tri thuan ldi. Cd the khdng dinh vai trd ciia quan tri dai hge c6 tinh chat quye't dmh dd'i vdi van mdnh ciia mgt iru'dng dai hpc.
2. Quan trj tien tie'n va md hinh dai hgc ddi nidi sang tao - dai hpc 4.0
Ve md hlnh. nhieu tdng kd'l tff cdc nghien cffu eht ra .1 xu hddng chii yd'u trong td chde qudn Iy ede trffdng dai hpc trdn the'gidi qua edc giai doan (cung cd the coi Id cac md hlnh td chffc \a qudn tri), Cdc md hlnh dd Id: To chffc mang tinh hanh ehinh: Td ehffe edng ddng hpc gia vd md hinh td chffc kieu "dai hoe doanh nghidp", Mdi md hinh gan vdi cde ddc die'm kbdc nhau d khia eanh td ehde \a phong each quan ly cua trffdng dai hgc (Dmh Van Todn. 20I9e. tr.57-58).
Md hinh trffdng dai hgc nhff mdt td ehffe hanh ehinh (bureaucracv) gdn lien vdi vj tri ciia trffdng dai hgc la mdt ddn vi sd nghiep nha nffdc. Trong md hinh nay. dai hgc thffdng do Nha nu'dc dau ti/
thdnh tap va quan l< gidm sdt nha trffdng nhffmdt cdquan sffnghiep. Md hinh dai hge nhff mgt cgng ddng hpc gid (collegium) Id hinh thffc id chdc sdm nbd't eila Irddng dai hgc ra ddi ciing vdi eae tn/dng dai hoc thdi trung c6. Theo dd. ede trffdng dai hge hoat dgng theo ngu\en ta'c phffdng hgi \a "ti/
quan", Mdi trffdng lam viec cdban cua edng ddng hoc gid Id tinh tif chu chuydn mdn. qu>en tffc gdn vdl sff u\ dn thdm ve kid'n thffc vd rat it sff dung he thdng cap bde quan tri vd khdng cd edc nguyen tde kiem sodl mgt each cffng nhdc.
Md hinh dai hgc doanh nghiep (corporate university) ra ddi cung vdi phong trao quan Iy cdng mdi iien quan de'n mot cude cai each ve qudn Iy trong khu vffc cong dffdc khdi xffdng tff cdc nffde Tay Au trong Uidp nien 80 cua the k\ XX. Theo md hinh nay. quan niem \ e ddi mdi td chffc vd phffdng thdc quan ly tai cdc trffdng dai hgc can dffa vdo viec tang cffdng ti'nh hidu qua hoat dgng, danh gid theo san pham dau ra vd dp dung cdc cdng cu qudn ly theo md hlnh cua cde doanh nghiep.
Ngay nay. theo dudi muc tieu quan trj dai hgc ddn tid'n ydu cau phai co nhffng thay doi can bdn.
toan dien dffng tren quan niem ve trdch nhieni va vai trd 3 bdn: Nha nffdc. trffdng dai hpc va cdng ddng doanh nghiep. Bd'i canh tren the' gidi hi?n nay cho thd'y, cic irffdng dai hoc da chuydn sang md hlnh "dai hoc ddi mdi sang tao", vdi eac ddc trdng chii ye'u nha't la: md hlnh dai hpc khdi nghidp gan vdi tinh than khdi nghiep sdng lao (Dinh Van Toan, 2019b) hoat dpng vdi ban cha't ty ehu. O day can hieu Iff ehu dai hpc bao gdm ti/ ehu vd hgc thuat ddi vdi cae nha khoa hgc, iff chu vd td chffc nhan sff, tff chu ve tai ehinh va he ihd'ng khung khd phdp ly de boat dpng eiia trffdng dai hpc gdn vdi ddi mdi, tie'n tdi day manh khdi nghiep. Dac biet, hoal dgng cua cdc dai hge can hffdng den ddp ffng td't yeu cau cua cdc ben lidn quan (trong dd bao gdm phue vu cdng ddng), khdng chi la cdc boat dpng dao tao vd nghien cdu khoa hpc.
Do vdy, vai Ird trung tam ddi mdi sang tao vd chuyen giao tri thdc ddi vdi xa hgi cang trd nen quan trong va cd the coi Id cac nhiem vu chu yd'u cua eac tru'dng dai hgc ngay nay. Sff mdnh, nhiem vu cua edc trffdng dai hpc da cd nhffng thay ddi trong hdn mdt the' ky qua: Cae tnfdng dai hoe trffdc thap nien 80 eiia the' ky trffdc vdi nhiem vu ehiJ yd'u la giao due mang tinh ddn nganh nham tao ra nhffng ngffdi lao ddng tdnh nghd (Dai hgc 1.0);
Trdde nhffng ndm 1990 da dao tao lidn ngdnh nhifng muc lieu chii ye'u vdn la nhffng iao dgng cd tri thffc, cd cha't tffdng cao ve chuyen mdn (Dai hpc 2.0); Sau nhffng nam 1990 eho tdi nhffng ndm dau the ky XXI, eac trffdng dai hpc khong chl la cd sd giao due vd nghien cffu khoa hoc, ma trd thanh cde trung tdm dao tao tri thffe mdi. dao tao nhffng ngffdi ed kid'n thffc da nganh cd the tao ra kie'n thffc mdi (Da I hoe 3.0). Ke' tff sau nhffng nam 2000 va trong
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giai doan ciia Cdch mang Cdng nghiep lan thff 4.
(Jii hoc cd sff menh ddi mdi va tao ra cdc gid tri mdi nhd khdng gian ddi mdi sang tao, lien ke't va n
\jL \u)en nganh va hpc tap mpi ndi. San pham Jai hpc taora Iuc nay cdn Id nhdng doanh nhan vd nhil khdi nghiep gdn vdi doi mdi sdng tao - dai hoc 4.0(Nguyen Hffu Dffe va cdng sd. 2018).
3, T6' chffc bO may trtfcfng dai hpc, quan tri d^i hpc tidn tid'n va khoTi nghidp
Qudn trj dai hgc tidn tid'n ludn gan vdi cdc ydu ciu hoat dpng hieu qua eua dai hpe nhffng phai dim bdo khdng ngffng nang cao cha't Iffdng gido duc, hoal ddng nghien cffu khoa hpc vd chuyen giao de phue vu cgng ddng. Do vay, ve ngi dung quin trj dai hpc cung gan vdi cdc hoat ddng dam bao chat Iffdng gido due dd'i vdi tru'dng dai hpe nhSm ddp ffng cdc yeu eau mdi trong ihdi ky cua giio dye dai hgc 4,0 (the hien tai Hop).
tn/dng dai hgc khdi nghidp ma d dd eae boat ddng tudn gan vdi tinh than khdi nghiep. ddi mdi sdng tao(Gibb, 2012:Dalmarco\a Hulsink. 2018). Tai cdc trffdng dai hpc cdng lap. ke't qua cua cde hoat dpng va su chuye'n djch nay ldm lang tinh tff chu.
tff chiu trdch nhiem eua nhd trffdng. Do vdy. eac qudc gia thi/dng ed nhffng ehinh .sach hd trd. thue da'y chuyen giao cdng nghe vd phdt trien tinh than khdi nghiep. Nhifng quan trgng hdn, ehinh phii ludn tao khung khd phap ly. cd ehd'cho mdt mdi trffdng khuye'n khich ddi mdi, tif ehii trong ed ea'u td chffc vd quan 1\ dieu hdnh trong npi bp ede trffdng dai hpc.
Sau trdn 20 ndm chuye'n ddi. kinh nghiem trdn die'gidi cho iha'\ he iho'ng cdc trffdng dai hpccd sff lien ke't mang tinh mang li/di vdi xd hdi, ddc btel Id md hinh lien ke't sodn 3 ben "Triple Helix"
(Etzkowilz va Leydesdorff. 2000). Theo md hinh
C6c yeu cau vd nguyen ldc chu yeu cua qudn trj dgi hpc tien tien 1. Quan tri dgi hpc gin vdi dam bao chat lupng trudng dai hpc.
2. Quan tr| dgi tipc nh^m dap dng nhu cau va su hai Idng cua cac ben lien quan, 3. Cac nOi dung gin vdi dam bao chat lupng bao gom:
- Quan tr| chiS'n lupc (tim nhin, sd mgng, van hda, he thdng quan ly cac nguon lyc);
- Quan Iri cac hg thong (dam bao chat (upng, tu danh gia va nang cao chat lupng);
• Quan tri chdc nang (dao tao, nghien ctiu khoa hpc, phyc vy cpng dong);
- Quan tri cac ket qua dau ra (ket qua dao tgo, nghien cdu khoa hpc, phyc vu cdng dong, tai chinh va kdt ndi th| tn/dng).
Ngudn: Dinh Vdn Toan. 2019, Ir. 58 Ttieo \(i hffdng chung trdn the'gidi, cdc trffdng
dai hpc ngay nay dd chuye'n sang md hinh "dai hpc iloimdi sdng tao" gan lien vdi quan tri dai hpc tien lien. Dieu ndy dat ra ydu cau phai ddi mdi id chde hoai dpng cua nha tnfdng gdn vdi iff chu vd phu I10P nen kinh td' - xa hpi phdt trie'n hien dai nhff nioi h^ sinh thdi thuc da'y khdi nghiep. ddi mdi s^ng tao. Lue nay, ddc trffng chu ye'u nha't cua in/dng dai hpe Id: Ddp ffng edc ydu eau eua quan Ti dai hoc tidn tid'n neu tren nhffng la mdt trung tam khdi nghiep gan vdi ddi mdi sang tao vd dap lfng \cu cdu Clia cdc ben lien quan (Dinh Vdn Todn, 2019b),
"^-'liicu nghien cffu gan day cua edc hpc gia trdn the gidi da khing dinh xu hffdng eae trddng dai nocmo hinh trujen thd'ng ehuyen ddi thdnh cdc
ndy. Nha nffdc cd vai trd quan trpng trong thid't lap mdi trffdng, edehd eho sff lidn kd't hieu qud gida 3 ben: Trffdng dai hoe - Chinh phii - Doanh nghiep.
Dae bidt. mo hlnh id chdc va qudn ly dieu hdnh cua dai hpc cd sU thay ddi manh me: dai hoe trd ndn da dang ve phffdng Ihdc hoal dpng, ldng eifdng lidn ke't npi bd vd cac ben trong tdng the mgt he sinh thdi "Ididi nghiep ddi mdi sdng tao" de thuc day viec thffdng mai hda cdc san pha'm nghidn cffu khoa hpe (Hinh). Vdi md hinh vd dinh hffdng hoat dgng nhff vdv. quan tri dai hge tidn tid'n ydu eau sff thav ddi ve td chffc. quan ly va dieu hanh theo hu'dng phil hdp vdi mdi trffdng khdi nghidp ddi mdi sdng tao.
Trong md hinh. irffdng dai hoc can cd ndng Iffc nghidn cdu. Cdc phdng lhi nghiem. vien. irung iam
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Hinh: Md hinh tS chCtc trUdng dgi hoc trong he sinh thai khdi nghiep ddi mdi sang tgo
'. Tn/dng DH nghlSn cUu d6l mdi sang Igo \
I VPCS lOTT) Phal mmh, Sangche
Vien/
TT Nghien
: M6f tnrimg ben ngoai thue day
; Ifhai nghiep dai moi sang tgo
Thirone fnai hoa san pham NCKH
DN tru'c thuoc • Thi/cmg mai hoa san pham NCKH
Ni^iion: Dinh Vdn Todn, 2019c, tr. 60
nghien effu trong trffdng eho ra ddi ede y tddng kinh doanh. cdng nghe mdi vd cdc phdt minh. sang ehe hffu ich. Nhffng de cd the ihffdng mai hda dffdc cdc san pha'm nghien cffu khoa hgc nay, trffdng dai hgc can thdnh lap cae van phong ehuyen giao cdng nghd (OTT) va eae vffdn ffdm doanh nghiep dd' hd trd va thue day viec hlnh thdnh doanh nghidp diupc dai hpc. Trong dd. ede cong ty Spin-offs dgc lap (doanh nghidp hinh thanh tff edc nhdm nghidn effu, nhd khoa hoe) hodc hinh thdnh cae doanh nghidp khdi nghiep gan vdi ddi mdi sdng tao (Startups) cd vai trd quan trpng.
Ngodi vide cap phep chuyen giao edng nghd ra cde doanh nghiep ben ngodi. (thdng qua cdc OTT). cdc doanh nghidp tn/c thugc trddng dai hgc cung gdp phan thuc da> qua trinh thffcfng mai hda cde san phd'm khoa hgc edng nghe ciia minh. He sinh thai nhff \ ay ^e gdp phan tich cu'c vdo hoan thien md hinh quan in trffdng dai hgc lien tie'n theo hu'dng ti/ chii hpc thuat cho cdc nha khoa hpc va tff chli \ e tdi ehinh cho nha irifdng. ddng thdi ird ihdnh trffdng dai hgc ddi mdi sdng tao. Nhi/
vay. gido duc dai hge 4.0 dd thay ddi tffduy va cdch tie'p can \ e md hinh dai hge. Tn/dng dai hpc khdng chi la ndi ddo tao. nghien effu. md con Id irung tdm ddi mdi sang tao. giai quye't cdc va'n de ihifc tidn. mang lai gid tri cho xd hdi (Nguydn Hffu Ddc va cdng MJ. 2018). Trffdng khdng chi ddng
khung trong cdc bffc tffdng cua giang dffdng. Idp hoc. hay phong thi nghiem. ma phdi md rdng ke't hdp vdi cdc doanh nghidp. vdi thj trffdng lao dpng de trd thanh mdt hp sinh thdi gido due, ddp ffng d\icic yeu cau ciia cac ben cd Idi ich lien quan.
Mdl khde, cupc cdeh mang cdng nghiep 4.0 chii dao Id ke't nd'i vd cdng nghe sd'cdng vdi mdi trffdng hgc tdp md dang tac dpng ra't manh tdi cac trffdng dai hpc theo md hinh UTjyen thd'ng-quanly va dieu hanh mang tinh hanh chinh. Cdc nghidn cdu vd thffe tidn hoat ddng ciia cdc trffdng dai hoc tren the' gidi cho thd'y, cdc trffdng dai hgc van hanh theo md hinh truyen ihd'ng khd dap dng yeu cau eua lhi trffdng ndi ehung, ddc biet Id hoat dpng theo phffdng thffc dai hge khdi nghiep ndi ridng (Dinh Vdn Todn, 2019e, tr. 61). Trong bd'i cdnh nhff vdy, ve mat quan ly nha nffdc, cdc trffdng dai hoc can dffdc chuyen hddng sang iff chu irong td chffc vd boat dgng, ehii dgng tim kie'm cdc nguon ldc dau tdben ngoai, m5 rpng cdc hoat dpng dau tff lien danh, lidn ke't Irong vd ngodi nffde vd ddo tao, nghidn effu khoa hgc. Cdc cd quan qudn ty can gd bd edc rao can de hffdng sff dau IU Clia edc thanh phan kinh td' vao gido due dai hpc, ddp ffng ydu cau ve ngudn nhan tde phue vu phdt trien da't nu'dc, nhffng phai dam bdo tinh kha thi, hieu qua dau td tai chinh va cdc ngudn life trong trffdng dai hpc.
Vd td ehffe quan ty va dieu hdnh trong npi bd irffdng dai hgc. can sff thay doi ve quan diem va cdch thdc didu hanh theo md hinh dai hge khdi nghiep. Theo do. ldnh dao dai hgc cung can cd phong each tanh dao vdi "tinh than doanh nghiep":
khuye'n khich eae y tffdng mdi, ludn ddi mdi, sdng tao trong tffduy, ddm mao hie'm, quye't dodn trong eae quye'l dinh. Qudn tri theo cac rieu chi, lieu chuan theo thdng Id. dam bao tinh hieu qud va cdc san pham ddu ra thda man eac ben lien quan. Ddc bidt, phu'dng thffc quan ly. dieu hdnh can tao ddng
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itfcde thuc day dpi ngu quan ly, giang vien, ngffdi hoc trong moi trffdng boat dgng nang dgng, ddi mdi sing iao.
4. K^'l luSn va dl xufl't cho cac trffdng dai hgc rf \ i(d Nam
Hi^n nay d Viet Nam, edc trffdng dai hpc, dac bi?i I^ trffdng cdng lap, vdn chu yd'u dieu hanh mang linh hanh chinh. Chffc nang eua trffdng dai bijcv^ cdban van dffdc coi la ndi dao tao nhan lffc plmc vu mue ddu phat trien kinh td' - xd hpi eua dat nffdc va dja phffdng, bd nganh ehii quan. Do vly.quan nipm trffdng dai hpc Id ndi tu hpi cde tu' mdng hpc thudt dffdng nhu' mdi chi dffng d mde do mong mud'n ciia gidi hpc thuat, Nhu'ng mat khde, coi Irffdng dai hpc Id trung tdm doi mdi sang lao vS c6 chffc ndng thuc da'y chuyen giao, thffdng mai hda san pham nghien cffu khoa hoc vd cdng nghd nhif md hlnh "dai hoc khdi nghiep" trong bd'i canh
"dai hoc 4.0" cOng mdi dffdc nhac dd'n nhieu irong cic nghien cffu ciia gidi hge thuat, dffdc the' hien nhilu d mong mudn eiia lanh dao chinh phii vd cdc nh^ xay dffng chinh saeh.
Phi/dng thffc vd tff tffdng eiia md hinh edng ddng hoc gid hidn dien phan ndo d ede ddn vi nghien Clhl va hgc thuat trifc thugc dai hpc nhff khoa. bg mon, vidn nghien cffu. Trong khi do, trffdng dai hpc khdi nghiep hoat dpng dffa tren cdc nen tang: trffde hSllS'ysffthdamancdcben lien quan va hidu qua hoat dpng; theo dudi sang tao tri thdc mdi; va quan Upng hdn nffa la mot khung khd quan tri tidn tie'n JL' phdt huy hd't edc ngudn ldc cho ddi mdi sdng lao vd khdi nghidp. Nhd vay, khi ehifa xay dffng duWc mpt vdn hda hgc thuat dung ngliTa. chifa cd ed ca'u to" ehffe va qua niy phu hdp, thi khd cd the xay dtfng dffpc trffdng dai hgc van hdnh theo ed che'cua qudn trj dai hgc tidn tie'n gdn vdi khdi nghiep. ddi mdi sdng tao.
Thffe te' neu tren ddi hoi phai giam bdt cdc thii tuc quan ty n/dm rd. chi thich hdp cho giai doan duy tri sff dn dinh nhu^ cae trffdng dai hpe cd bp, cd quan chu quan nhff d Viet Nam hien nay. Thay vdo do. cdn hoan thien khung phdp ty dd' dam bao khudn khd quan tri dai hpc theo thdng td chung trdn the' gidi hidn na\ - dai hoc 4.0 gan vdi khdi nghiep doi mdi sdng lao.
Dd'i vdi eae trffdng dai hgc. can hlnh thdnh mgt cd ehe' quan ly dieu hanh vd ra quye't dinh linh dgng. ddp dng kip thdi nhu cdu cua doanh nghidp.
cdc bdn ed tdi ich tien quan va todn xd hpi; can phffdng thdc quan tri hieu qua, loai bd edch quan ly hanh chinh theo he thd'ng ca'p bdc va edc thii tuc tam ban che cdc lien kd't iheo ehuyen mon. it nhd'n manh vai tro eua dpi ngu hgc thuat, gidng vien vd ngffdi hpc, ma danh nhieu quyen life cho cdc bp phan quan N dieu hanh. Mud'n vay. md hlnh td chdc can chuyen ddi theo hffdng phdt huy tif chii.
tff ehiu trdeh nhiem etia nha trffdng ihdng qua tam rd chffc ndng, nghia vu ciia hpi ddng irffdng, hidu trffdng va hinh thanh cdc bg phan dgc lap de thffc hidn hidu qud ehffe ndng sang tao, ehuyen giao cdng nghe. thuc day thffdng mai hda sdn phd'm nghien cffu, phat trie'n doanh nghidp vd cdc boat dpng mang tinh kinh doanh.
Slf chuye'n ddi va cdc dieu kidn ndu trdn gdp phan dam bao giam bdt sff phu thudc ngdn sdch nhd ndde, giam phu thude ngudn thu tff ngffdi hge dd'i vdi tdi ehinh trddng dai hpe. Ddy la dieu kien quan trong cho iff ehii ve tai chinh vd iff chu dai hoe ndi chung. nhu'ng cdng la dieu kidn de ddi mdi quan tri dai hpe. xdy dffng van hda khdi nghidp ddi mdi sang tao va lang cffcfng lie'ng ndi cua can bg hoc thuat. ngddi hge cung nhd cdc bdn lien quan.
de'p can gan hdn vdi thong Id vd eae thffc hdnh td't trdn the'gidi •
TAI UEU THAiVI KHAO:
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2 Ngd Tuyet Mai, 2012, "Cdi cdch Irong qudn tri truitng dgi hpc cong lap nhdm ndng cao chd'l lUdng dew icio:
"b^g dicu Viet Nam cd the hoc hoi lU thUc lien tren the gidi". Tham ludn tai Hoi thdo Qudc te ve qudn tri dai hoc. Trung tdm SEAMEO - Viet Nam. TP. Ho Cbi Mmh. ngdy 28-29/6/2012.
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3. Dinh van Toin. 2019a. Pluil men doanh nghifp Imng Inlimg ilai hoc vo nliitng giiiy .Innh '"^* 'J'''"' """
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5. Dinh Vdn Todn. 2019c. Phdl iriin doanh nghiep Irong cdc ctt sdgido due dai hiic - Til kinh nshiem tiuoc le den lllltc lien Viel j\tim. Sdch chuyen khdo. -V\5 Dai Imc Qud'c gia Hd Ni)l.
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Ngay nhan bai: 28/12/2019
Ngay phan bi?n danh gia va su'a chifa: 4/1/2020 Ngay chap nhan dang bai: 8/1/2020
Tht'mg lin Idc gid:
TS. DINH VAN TOAN
Trilftng Dai hpc Kinh le, Dai hoc Quo'c gia Ha N(ii
THE CHANGE IN GOVERNANCE APPROACH OF UNIVERSITIES IN THE CONTEXT
OF INNOVATION START-UP
• PIl.D DINH VAN TOAN University of Economics and Business
Vietnam National University - Hanoi ABSTRACT:
Industry 4.0. which is doniinaled by connectivity and digital technology, creates an open learning environment. This open learning environment challenges traditional universities lilce public universities which are managed under administrative management approach to change their aovemance approach. Educational activities of universities not only happen in lecture halls, classrooms or laboratories, but also ha\e to connect with businesses and society to become an ecosystem of education, research and innovation in order to meet the requirements of stakeholders. This article clarifies the change of university governance in the new context, therebv making recommendations for universities in Vietnam on renovadng their organizational structure.
Keywords: Industry 4.0, uni\ ersit> go\ emanee, organizadonal structure of university.
212 So I -Thdng 1/2020
