QUAN HE
GILTABCfl SONG VAT CHAT VA DCn SONG TINH THAN
Ttr CACH TIEP CAN CUA TRIET HOC MAC - LENIN
G S , TS. TRAN VAN PHONG'*'
Tom tat: Theo triet hgc Mdc - Lenin, giira d&i song vdt chdt vd d&i sdng tinh thdn cua xd hpi CO quan he bipn chimg tdc dgng qua lgi ldn nhau, the hien & nhirng diem sau: d&i sdng tinh thdn phdn dnh dai song vdt chdt, chiu su quy dinh, chi phoi cua d&i sdng vdt chdt; d&i song tinh thdn bi quy dinh b&i d&i song vgt chdt, nhung no co tinh dpc lap tuang doi so v&i d&i sdng vdt chdt, tdc dpng tr& lgi d&i song vdt chdt; cdc yeu to cua d&i song tinh thdn lien hp, tdc dpng qua lgi ldn nhau vd cung tdc dpng tr& lgi dai song vdt chdt.
Tir khoa: d&i song vdt chdt; dai song tinh thdn; triet hgc Mdc - Lenin
T
rong triet hpc Mac - Lenin, xa hdi lodi ngudi cd ba linh vuc sdn xuat, ciing la ba ITnh vuc ddi sdng ca bdn. Dd la ddi sdng vgt chat, san xuat vat chat; ddi song tinh than, san xuat tinh thin vd ddi sdng san xuat ra sire san xuit, sinh con de edi'". Ba ITnh vue nay cd quan hf mat thidt vdi nhau, trong dd ddi sdng vat chat, sdn xuat vgt chdt, xet ddn cimg, dong vai trd quyet djnh ddi sdng tmh thin, sdn xuit tmh thin va ddi song san xuat ra siic sdn xuit, sinh con de cdi. Tuy nhidn, ddi sdng tinh than.<'* Hoc vifn Chinh trj qu6c gia H6 Chi Minh Khoa hpc chfnh tn - So 6/2020
san xuat tinh than va dm sdng sdn xudt ra siic sdn xuat, sinh con de cdi cimg cd tinh ddc lap tuong ddi va cd the tdc ddng trd lai ddi sdng vat chat, san xuat vat chat.
Ndi ddn ddi sdng tinh than cua xa hdi Id ndi den tat cd nhiing gi lidn quan den ITnh vye tinh than: tir san xudt tinh than, phan phdi tinh thdn, tieu diing gid tri tinh than ddn nhung quan he tinh than giira cdc ehu the, nhu trao ddi cac gid tri tinh than, giao tidp tinh than vd bdn than cac ydu td tinh than (tu tudng, chinh tri, khoa hgc, dao due, nghf thugt,...). Nhu vgy, tiong ddi sdng tinh than ciing cd hai ITnh vyc, hai mdng cua dai sdng: Tine nhdt, dd la mdng ban the, vat chat cua
ddi sdng tinh thin, bao gom qud trinh san xuat tinh than, quan hf giira cdc chu thd nnh than vdi nhau, nhu trao ddi cdc gia t4 tioh tiidn, giao tiep tinh tiiin, phan phoi cac gid tti tinh thdn; Thd hai, dd Id mdng tinh tiiin tu than, nhu y thiic dao due, y thiic chinh tri, tu tudng, y thirc nghf thugt,...
Didu dd cho tiiay, ddi sdng tinh than rgng hem y thirc tinh thin. Y thiic tinh than ndi Idn mat tinh thin vdi tu each Id su phdn dnh cua tdn tgi xa hdi, khdng cd mat ban the ciia y thirc, tinh flian. Khdi niem ddi sdng van hda tinh than cd quan he gdn vdi khdi nifm ddi sdng tinh thin. Tuy nhidn, khi ndi den ddi sdng van hda tinh than thi ngudi ta thudng ndi vd van hda tinh thdn ciia mdt dan tgc, gdn hen vdi bdn sac dan tgc va no hep hon ddi sdng tinh than. Khdng phdi ngdu nhien van hda dugc coi la cudn hd chidu cua mgt dan tgc. Noi tdi dai sdng tinh than khdng chi Id ndi den tinh than ciia dan tgc, md cdn bao gdm ca tinh than cua cdc qudc gia - dan tdc khdc, khdng chi cd ddi sdng van hda tinh than, md cdn Id ddi sdng tinh thdn dgo diic, ddi song tinh thin chinh tri,... Hon niia, khi diing khdi nidm ddi sdng van hda tinh thin thudng di kem vdi khdi niem ddi sdng van hda vat thd, khi dimg khai nifm ddi song tinh thdn thudng di kem vdi khai nifm ddi sdng vat chdt.
Ddi sdng tinh thdn bao gom cdc thanh td chu yeu: I) Chu the cua ddi sdng tinh than. Chii thd d day cd thd la mdt con ngudi, mdt giai cap, mgt ddn tgc, hoae cd nhan logi dang tham gia vdo san xuat tinh thdn, trao doi tinh than, quan he tinh than, tidu dimg tinh than; 2) Sdn pham cua qua trinh san xuat tinh than chinh Id cac ydu td tinh than, cdc gid tri tinh than, bieu hifn ra d tu tudng chinh tri, nguyen tie, gid tri dao dire, cac hinh tugng nghf thuat; cac gido Iy tdn gido,...
Ndi tdi ddi sdng vdt chat la ndi tdi ddi sdng san xuat ra ciia cdi vat chit, quan hf trao ddi sdn pham sdn xudt vdt chdt, quan he tieu diing sdn phdm vat chat. Do Id toan bd qua trinh sdn xuat vat chat cua xa hpi. Trong sdn xuat vat chat, con ngudi phai quan hf vdi thd gidi ty nhidn. Vi vay, ddi sdng vat chat xa hgi gan lien vdi dieu kidn ty nhien. hoan cdnh dja ly. Trong ddi sdng san
\ual vat chat, con nguoi eung lien quan true tidp
tdi sdn xuit ra sire sdn xuit, ndn lien quan chgt ehe vdi ddn sd, mat dp ddn cu. Ba yeu to nay lidn he, gdn bd chat che vdi nhau dd tgo_ra ton tgi xa hdi ti-ong moi giai dogn ljch sit nhat dinh cua lodi ngudi.
Theo tridt hgc Mdc - Ldnin, ddi sdng vgt chat vd ddi sdng tinh thin cua xa hgi cd quan hf bifn chiing tdc dgng qua lgi ldn nhau. Quan hf bidn chiing ndy dupe the hifn d nhiing diem cdn bdn sau:
Thu nhdt, ddi sdng tinh than xa hpi phdn dnh vd chju su quy djnh, chi phdi cua ddi sdng v§t chat xa hgi. Trong Ldi tya cua tdc pham Gop phdn phi phdn khoa kinh te chinh tri, C.Mdc da khing djnh: "Phuang tiiiie san xuat ddi sdng vat chat quyet djnh cdc qud tiinh sinh hogt xa hgi, ehinh tri vd tinh than ndi chung. Khdng phdi y thirc cua con ngudi quydt djnh tdn tgi ciia hg;
trdi lai, tdn tgi xa hdi ciia hg quyet djnh y thiic eua hg"*^'. Khi ddi sdng vat chat xa hgi thay doi thi sdm hay mudn, it hay nhidu, nhanh hay chgm se keo theo su thay ddi eua ddi sdng tinh than.
Ddi sdng vat chdt xa hpi quy djnh ddi sdng tinh than xa hdi, the hifn d nhiing didm sau:
- Quy djnh chu thd cua ddi sdng tinh thdn, qua dd quy dinh ddi sdng tinh thdn. Phuong thirc san xuat vat chat nhu the nao se quy dinh cdc chii the sdn xuat ddi sdng tinh than thye hifn cac phuang thiic sdn xudt tinh than nhu thd ay.
Trong tdc pham fie tu tu&ng Due, C.Mdc va Ph.Angghen da khang djnh: "Hoat ddng song cua hp nhu the nao thi hg la nhu the dy. Do dd hg Id nhu the nao, dieu dd an khdp vdi sdn xudt cua hp, vdi cdi ma hp sdn xudt ra ciing nhu vdi each hp san xuat. Do dd, nhiing ca nhan la nhu thd ndo, didu dd phy thudc vao nhiing dieu kifn vdt chit ciia sur san xuat cua hg"'^'. Khi ddi sdng sdn xudt vat ehat cdn thd so, gidn don, phu thudc vdo thien nhien thi cdc chii thd sdn xuit tinh thin cung vdy, gan bd, phu tiiudc nhidu vao thien nhidn, ca nggi thien nhien, ca nggi thin tiidnh,... Tuy nhidn, dai sdng tinh tiiin eiing cd tinh dpc lap nicmg doi so vdi ddi sdng vdt chit.
Ciing vdi vifc ca nggi tiiidn nhidn, ca nggi thin tiianh. Cling cd nhiing chu tiid sdn xuit tinh than ca nggi tinh ydu cua con ngucri. ca nggi chan -
Khoa hpc chinh trj - So 6/2020
15 tiiifn - my, siic manh, ldng dung cam cua con
ngudi trong chinh phyc ty nhidn,... Khi cdc chu tiie sdn xuit vgt chit edng tdch minh ra khdi thien nhidn, cang "chinh phyc" dupe tiiidn nhien till cdc chu thd san xuit tinh than edng it phy tiiupc vdo thidn nhidn hon. Cdc quan nifm chinh tii, tu tudng, dgo diic quay tid vd ca nggi siic mgnh ciia con ngudi trudc thien nhidn, ca ngoi dao diic con ngudi, ca nggi cdi dgp cua con ngudi nhidu hon ca nggi thidn nhidn, hon ca nggi thdnh thdn,...
- Ddi sdng vat chat, san xuat vat chit quy djnh ngi dung tinh than, thd hidn trong cac ydu td tinh thdn eiia ddi sdng tinh than. Ndu trong san xuit vat chit cdn cdc quan he bdc lot thi trong ddi sdng tinh than ve chinh tri, tu tudng se cdn su dau tranh giiia tu tudng chdng bdc lot, dp biic va tu tudng bao vd bdc lot, dp biic. Chinh cdc nha kinh didn Mdc - Ldnin da khang djnh, cudc diu tranh giai cap trong xa hdi bdc lot chi la bieu hifn xa hgi cua mdu thuan kinh te giiia lyc lugng sdn xuat tien bg va quan hf san xudt lac hau, bdo thil. Cy the, mdu thudn vd kinh td nay bdc lg ra thanh mdu thudn giQa giai cap tidn tidn dgi difn cho luc lupng sdn xuat tidn bg va giai cap phan tidn bg, dai didn cho quan hf sdn xuat bao thu, Igc hdu. Ndi cdeh khdc, mau thuan ve chinh tri la bidu hifn mau thuan vd kinh te trong san xudt vat chat. Ndu quan he trao ddi, tieu diing sdn pham vat chat cdng bang, binh dang thi nhiing tu tudng dao diic, van hpc nghe thuat,... ciing ca nggi, ddu tranh cho cdng bang, binh dang.
- Deri sdng vat chat xa hdi quy djnh khuynh hudng van dgng, phdt tridn cua ddi sdng tinh than.
Ddi sdng tinh thin cua xa hpi cy tiie ludn van ddng, bidn ddi, phdt tridn. Su van ddng, bidn doi, phdt tridn do phy thupc vdo nhieu yeu td trong nudc vd qudc te, trudc hdt la ddi sdng vat chat cua xa hgi. Ddi sdng vdt chat xa hgi quy dinh vifc ke thira nhiing ydu td nao trong ddi sdng tinh than cua thd hf tmdc, lgc bd va tidp thu nhung gi dd chuydn hda vao ddi sdng tinh than hien tgi va tucmg Iai. Chinh nhiing nhu cdu phdt tridn ciia ddi song vat chdt se quy dmh nhu cau phat ttien ciia ddi sdng tinh than, thdng qua dd, quy dinh khuynh hudng phdt trien eiia ddi song tinh than. Vi dy, hifn nay, ddi sdng
vat chat d Viet Nam dang ddi hdi va ea nggi phdt tiidn sdn xuat, ldm gidu cho bdn than, ngudi tiidn vd xa hdi,... thi ttong ddi sdng tinh tiiin, cdc gid tii dd se dupe ca nggi, tdn vinh, mydn Quydn,...
Thir hai, tridt hpc Mac - Lenin xem xet ddi sdng tinh than eua mgt xa hgi cu thd vdi tu cdch Id chinh the todn ven, thong nhit giiia chu thd (qud trinh sdn xuat, trao doi, giao tidp, tidu thu, ke thira, phat huy tinh than) vdi sdn phim eiia nd dang van dgng, bidn ddi khdng ngiing ttong mdi quan he vdi ddi sdng vat chdt, hodn canh dja ly, dan sd vd mat dp dan cu. Ndi cdch khdc, theo tndt hpc Mac - Ldnin, chii the cua ddi sdng tinh than dang tham gia vao san xuat tinh than, trao ddi tinh than, quan he tinh than, tieu dimg tinh than va san pham ciia qud trinh sdn xuat tinh than chinh Id cdc ydu td tinh thdn, gid tri tinh than, bidu hien d tu tirdng ehinh tri, nguyen tie, gia tri dgo dire, cdc hinh tugng nghf thudt, cdc giao ly tdn giao,... cd quan he, tdc dgng qua lai lin nhau. NghTa la, ngay ttong cdu tnic ndi tgi cua ddi sdng tinh than thi hoat dgng sdn xudt tinh thdn, quan hf san xuat tinh than, ttao ddi tinh than quydt djnh cac quan hf tinh than khac, nhu tidu dung tinh than, hudng thu tinh than, tinh chat ciia cdc ydu td tmh than. Bdn egnh dd, quan he tieu dimg, hudng thy tinh than,... eung tac ddng trd lgi hoat dgng sdn xuat tinh than, quan he sdn xuat tinh than, trao ddi tinh than.
Thie ba, triet hgc Mdc - Lenin ciing chi ra rang, xet ddn cimg, mac dii ddi sdng tinh than bj quy djnh bdi ddi song vat chit, nhung nd ciing cd tinh dgc lap Urong doi so vdi ddi sdng vdt chat xa hdi. Tinh dgc lap tuong ddi ndy vira tiie hifn trong vide phan dnh ddi sdng vat chat, vira thd hifn ttong ban than cac hoat ddng san xudt tinh than vd cdc quan he tinh than,... Ddi sdng tmh thin ton tai va phdt tridn theo quy luat ngi tgi mdt each tuang ddi dde lap. Ddi sdng tinh than phy thupc tryc tiep vao nhu cau. lgi ich ciia cdc chu thd sdn xuit tinh thin. Ngugc lai, cdc chii the sdn xuit tinh thin, tiidng qua nhu cdu, Ipi ich, cd the tac dpng d miic dp nhat dinh, lam cho ddi sdng tinh than van ddng theo nhiing each thirc ridng eiia minh. Bdn tiidn ddi sdng tinh thin chiu sy
Khoa hpc chinh tn - So 6/2020
16
quy dinh cua cdc quy lugt sdn xuat vat chit, nhu:
quy lugt quan hf sdn xuat phii hpp vdi trinh dp phdt tridn ciia lyc lugng sdn xuat; quy lugt co sdr hg ting quydt djnh kidn true thugng ting; quy luat tdn tgi xa hgi quydt dinh y thirc xa hgi,... Mac du vay, ddi sdng tinh thdn cung chiu sy quy djnh ciia nhung quy ludt ridng vdn cd cua ddi sdng tinh thdn. Chang hgn, ttong moi thdi dgi deu cd mgt hinh thai y thire xa hpi ndi ttdi, mang tinh chi phdi cdc hinh thdi y thiic xa hgi khac ttong ddi sdng tinh than. Vi du, d Hy Lap thdi ky cd dgi, hinh thai y thirc tridt hge noi ttdi, chi phdi, "bao tnim" hmh thai y thiic khoa hgc vd tdn gido. Ci chau Au thdi ky trung cd, hinh thai y thiie tdn gido ndi ttgi, "ehi phdi" cdc hinh thdi y thiic triet hgc va khoa hgc; thdi ky can dgi, hinh thdi y thiic khoa hgc ndi ttgi, "chi phdi"; thdi hifn dai, hinh thdi y tiiiie chinh ttj ddng vai ttd quydt djnh. Hay ttong xa hOi cd giai cap, cac hinh thdi y thirc xa hdi ttong ddi song tinh than it nhidu, true tidp hay gian tiep ddu mang tinh giai cap. Quy ludt kd thua nhung ydu td hpp ly phii hgp didu kifn mdi cua ddi sdng vat chit, lgc bd nhiing yeu td khdng cdn phu hgp thuc tidn trong mat tinh than ciia ddi sdng tinh than cua xa hgi,...
Tinh dgc lap tucmg ddi cua ddi song tinh than so vdi ddi sdng vat chat cdn thd hifn d chd: 1) Ddi sdng tinh than ed the phdn dnh vuot trade ddi sdng vat chat. Khi dy, dcri sdng tinh than ddng vai ttd "den pha" soi rpi, din ddt, djnh hudng cho ddi sdng vat chat van ddng, bidn ddi. Ciing cd nhiing tinh hudng ddi sdng tinh than phdn dnh vugt trudc ddi sdng vat chat khdng diing, khdng chinh xdc, dnh hudng tidu cue ddn sy van dgng ciia ddi sdng vat chdt; 2) Do nhiing nguydn nhdn khac nhau, ddi sdng tinh than cd the khdng phan dnh kjp ddi sdng vdt chat. Vi dy, cdc chu the san xudt tinh than vi nhu cau, lgi ich ciia minh, hay nhiing yeu td tinh than cii, lgc hgu ludn mudn kim ham ddi sdng tirih than. Hidn nay, mac du khdng cdn phuong thire sdn xuat vat chat ciia thdi ky phong kien, nhung rat nhidu ydu td tinh than ciia ddi sdng tinh thdn phong kien van tdn tgi hien hiru, nhu tu tudng trgng nam, kinh nir, coi thudng ldp tte, tu tuong gia tmdng,...
Thu tu, tridt hgc Mac - Ldnm chi ra ring, ngay ttong ciu tnic ngi tgi eiia ddi sdng tinh thdn cung cd sy lidn hf, sy tdc dgng qua lai giiia cdc thdnh phan, ITnh vuc, ydu td cua doi sdng tinh than xa hgi va cung nhau Udn hf, tde dgng trd lgi ddi sdng v§t chit. Ph.Angghen viet: "Sy phat trien ciia ehinh tti, phdp lugt, tiidt hge, tdn gido, van hge, nghd thuat, v.v.. ddu d\ra tren ca sd phat tridn kinh td. Nhung tit ca chiing ciing cd dnh hudng lan nhau vd dnh hudng den eg sd kinh td. Van de hoan toan khdng phdi Id chi cd hodn cdnh kinh te mdi la nguyen nhdn, chi cd nd la tich cue, edn tit ed nhiing eai edn lgi deu ehi la hgu qud thy ddng"''''. Mdi thanh td ttong ddi sdng tinh thin co phuang tiiiic tae dgng ridng tdi dai sdng vgt chat.
Chdng han, ddi sdng dao diie se tac dgng tdi ddi sdng vdt chat thdng qua nhdn thiic ve lucmg tam, ttdch nhidm, nghia vu, du luan xa hdi tdi cdc chu the sdn xudt vat chat. Ddi sdng chinh tri tdc dgng tdi doi sdng vgt chat thdng qua dudng ldi, chii traong, chinh sdch kinh td, nhu chinh sach thue, chinh sach tang tradng,... Ddi sdng nghd thuat tac dgng tdi ddi song vat chat thdng qua ca nggi nhiing tdm guang sdn xuat, kinh doanh gidi, mo hinh san xudt vat chdt tidn tidn,...
Dii phuong thiic tde ddng cua cdc thdnh td trong ddi sdng tinh than ddn ddi sdng vat chit cd su khac nhau do dgc thu phdn dnh cua chiing, nhung ddi sdng tinh than ndi chung tac ddng trd lgi den ddi sdng vat chat Iheo cdc hudng ca bdn sau:
- Tdc ddng tich cue den ddi sdng vat chdt, thiic day sdn xuit vat chat phdt tridn vi muc tidu phyc vu nhan dan, bdo vd mdi truang,... Ci Vift Nam hifn nay, chu truang cua Dang, Nhd nudc la phat tridn kinh td bdn vung, gin vdi bdo vf mdi tiudng.
Didu nay thuc diy kinh td xanh phat tridn, kinh te ciia nudc ta da ed tang trudng khd, dai song cua lihan dan dugc cdi thidn rd rf t, qua dd, ngudi dan tin tuang vdo dudng ldi ddi mdi. Nhd cd tu duy mdi vd dya vdo lgi ich ciia nhdn dan nen dudng ldi ddi mdi da gin chgt vdi tiiyc tien dit nudc, mang "hai tiid" cugc sdng. Bdng cdc chii ttirgng, chinh sdch vira ed tinh djnh hudng, vira cu the thidt tiiyc, dudng ldi ddi mcri ciia Dang da dj vdo cugc song, tgo tien de de gidi phdng sue san xuit
Khoa hoc chinh trj - So 6/2o20
xa hpi, phdt huy tinh tiidn sang tgo, tinh tieh cyc chinh tri cua nhan ddn.
- Ddi sdng tinh than tdc ddng tidu cyc den ddi song vat chit. NghTa la, nd kim ham, cdn ttd sdn xudt v|it chit phat tridn theo hudng ben viing, vi nhan dan phyc vu. Didu ndy thd hifn ro nhat ttong chu nghia tu ban. Dd phdt tiidn kinh tk, thu lgi nhuan tdi da, ddi sdng tinh thin chinh tn ciia ehu nghia tu bdn da tim mgi each va bdng mgi gid ung hg vifc khai thdc tdi nguydn thidn nhidn, img hg tinh than bdc lot cita gidi ehu ddi vdi ngudi lao dgng. Trong khi dd, ngudn tai nguyen thien nhien la cd hgn. Hon niia, ddi sdng tinh than cua ehu nghTa tu ban cdn ca nggi xa hdi tidu dimg, ca nggi tidu dimg. Cang tidu diing nhidu, chii nghla tu ban cang lam cho chat thdi tang ldn vd khdng dugc xir ly hgp ly. Tinh trung binh, mdi ngudi dan My tidu thy 2.614 kg diu/nam. Nhgt Ban sir dung hang nam 45% tdng lupng khai thac kim loai quy ciia tiid gidi; My - 36%; Tay Au - 19%<^'. Nhu vgy, ehii nghla tu bdn da Idm cho mdu thudn cua nd vdi ty nhidn vdn da ttam ttgng ngdy cang ttd ndn ttam ttgng hon'^'. Dd giai quyet mau thudn nay, cimg vdi phdt trien kinh td phdi tieh cyc bao ve mdi tmdng. Mudn vay, phdi giam bdt lgi nhuan cho bdo vd mdi trudng. Nhung, ban chat ciia nen sdn xudt tu bdn chu nghia vdi ddi sdng tinh thdn chinh tri cua nd khdng cho phep gidi quydt theo hudng dd. Mudn gidi quydt mau thuan nay phai thay ddi muc dich sdn xuat - khdng vi lgi nhuan tdi da cho sd it. NghTa la, phdi thay ddi phuang thirc sdn xuat tu ban chii nghTa bang phuong thirc sdn xuit xa hpi chii nghTa, gan phdt tridn kinh te vdi bdo vf mdi tradng va phat tridn xa hdi.
- Ddi sdng tinh thdn tac ddng tich cue ddn mat ndy ciia ddi sdng kinh te nhung lai tdc ddng tidu cue den mat kia ciia ddi sdng vdt chat. Chang han, ddi sdng tinh than ehinh tri cua mdt sd nudc Bac Au img hd nhd nudc phuc Ipi chung, dd bdo dam dai sdng cua ngudi lao ddng. NghTa Id, nd se khuydn khich ngudi lao dpng, bdo dam eho hp cd cupc song tdi tiiieu. Tuy nhien, tiiue td cho tiiiy, md hinh nay dang bpc Ip nhiing han chd. Chang hgn, nha nudc phuc Igi xa hdi cimg he thong tiiud, nhit la thud tiiu nhap liiy tien, cd liic gay tinh d^ang
Khoa hpc chinh tri - So 6/2020
"ddng bang san xuat" vd ndy sinh su y lgi, lam dyng an sinh xa hgi. Nhung ngdnh nghe lao dgng chan tay nang nhpc can thidt cho xa hgi se khdng cd hogc rat it ngudi muon tham gia. Gidi ttd tim vifc d thanh tM va d cdc nudc phdt tridn khdc, chi cdn lgi ngudi cao mdi d que nha,...
Tat nhien, mire dp, hifu qua, xu hudng tdc dgng ddn ddi sdng vat chit ciia ddi song tinh thin phy thugc vdo nhidu yeu td. Chdng han, nhung gid tri ttong ddi sdng tinh tiiin ed phdn dnh dugc quy lugt van ddng khdeh quan ciia ddi sdng xd hgi ciia nhan loai khdng? Chu thd ciia ddi sdng tinh than cd lgi ich, nhu cdu phu hgp vdi lgi ich, nhu cdu ciia cdc chu thd ddi song vat chat va toan xa hdi khdng?...
Nhu vay, giua ddi sdng vdt chdt vd ddi sdng tinh thdn cd mdi quan hf bidn chiing vdi nhau.
Xet ddn cung, ddi sdng vat chdt quy djnh ddi sdng tinh than. Ddi sdng tinh thdn thdng qua cac chu the cd the tdc dpng ttd lgi ddi song vgt chdt.
Hieu dugc ban chit quan he nay, ttong didu kifn phdt tridn kinh td thi tmdng dinh hudng xa hpi chii nghTa d Viet Nam hifn nay, phdi chii dgng phdt tridn ca ddi sdng vat chat vd ddi sdng tinh thin cua nhdn dan. Dieu do dugc the hifn ro d muc tieu, djnh hudng phat tridn dat nudc ttong Van kien Dai hgi lin thii XII cua Dang "Nang cao ddi sdng vat chdt va tinh than ciia nhdn dan"''* va Du thao Van kifn Dai hgi lan thii XIII cua Ddng: "Khdng ngimg cai thidn toan didn ddi sdng vat chdt vd tinh than ciia nhan dan"'*Q
(ii.4(3)Xem: C.Mac va Ph.Angghen Todn tap, t.3,Nxb Chmh tri qu6c gia, Ha N6i,1995, tr.39-41 va 30
*=i CMac va PhJjigghen Twin wp, L13,5a/, tr.l5.
'•" C.Mac va Ph.Angghen Todn tap, t.39, Sdd. tr.271 '*' A. Shendric, Tuang lai cua chu nghia cpng sdn.
dang trong Thong tin Chu nghia xa hpi - ly luan va thye tien s6 7/2005 ciia Vien Chii nghia xa hoi khoa hoc, HQC vien Chinh tri qu6c gia Ho Chi Minh, tr.4 '*' Xem them: Vu Van Hoa. Thuyet chinh tr( xanh vi xung dot qudc ti. Tap chi Ly luan chinh tri, so 4/2003.
''' Dang Cong san Viet Nam, Vdn kien Dai hpi dai bieu todn quoc ldn thu XII, Van phong Trung irong Dang, HaNpi, 2016, tr.76
"" Dang Cpng san Vift Nam, Du thdo cdc vdn kipi trinh Dai hoi XIII cua Ddng, luu hanh npi bp. Ha Npi.
thang 4/2020, tr.30
