'«^. DIEN BAN {
MOT SO VAN D £ VE XAY DlTNG TIEU CHI DANH GIA HOAT DONG CIJA DAI BIEU QUOC HOI
d Nl/6fC TA HIEN NAY
Nguyen Thi Hoan *
Tom tat: Xdy dimg tiiu chi ddnh gid hogt dpng cua dgi bieu qudc hdi (DBQH) Id viic Idm khd khdn nhung cdn thiet trong xem xet, ddnh gid kit qud hogt dpng cua DBQH ndi rieng vd cua Qudc hdi ndi chung. Xdy dung tiiu chi ddnh gid hogt ddng DBQH, cung nhu cdng tdc ddnh gid hogt dpng cda DBQH, niu duac triin khai thuc hiin tdt se gdp phdn hudng tdi tdng cudng ndng luc DBQH, tdng cudng thuc hdnh ddn chu xa hpi chu nghia trong hogt dpng cda ca quan ddn cu cung nhu gdp phdn xdy dung mot nin qudn tri hiin dgi d nude ta.
Tir khoa: tieu chi ddnh gid, hogt dpng cua dgi biiu Qudc hdi
Abstract: Developing criteria to evaluate the activities ofthe National Assembly deputies is difficult but necessary in considering and evaluating the performance ofthe National Assembly in particular and the National Assembly in general Develop criteria to assess the activities ofthe National Assembly deputies, as well as the assessment ofthe operation ofthe National Assembly deputies, if well implemented, will contribute to strengthening the capacity ofthe National Assembly deputies, strengthening the socialist democracy practice in the activities of elected bodies as well as contribute to building a modern governance in our country.
Keywords: Evaluation criteria, activities of National Assembly deputies
Ngdy nhdn bdi: 02/01/2019 Ngdy sua bdi: 09/01/2019 Ngdy duyet ddng: 15/01/2019
1. Nhan thuc ve tieu chi danh gia hoat minh.
dpng ciia Dai bieu Quoe hpi Vdn de ddnh gid hogt dpng cua DBQH Thuc hien chu truong ndng cao chat lupng, hi?n nay dupe the hien dudi cde khia canh hi$u lyc, hieu qud hogt dpng cila Qudc hdi, ndi dung sau day: (i) Hogt dpng tu ddnh gia nghien cdu ve cac tieu chi danh gid boat ddng cua DBQH; (ii) Viec ddnh gia boat ddng cua cua DBQH cd y nghia gpi md, dinh hudng DBQH dudi gde nhin ciia cdc chu thi khde ttong hogt ddng cua DBQH, gdp phdn de boat (co quan, td chuc cd thdm quyln; cd tri, ngudi dpng cua Qudc hdi hudng tdi myc tieu ddn dan, v.v...); hay cosy dan xen ciia ca hai hinh gidu, nude mgnh, dan chu, cdng bang, van thuc ndy, qua viec dgi bilu tii danh gia boat
* ThS. Truong Bifi hpc Npi vu Hd Npi. Bdi viit sir dung tu li^u tic kit qud nghien cim De tdi khoa hpc cip bp.
"Xdy dung tieu chi ddnh gid hoat dpng cua B^i bieu Qudc hpi trong etieu kien xdy dung Nhd nu&c phdp quyin XHCN Vi$i Nam ca sd ly ludn vd thifc tien ", Vien Nghien cuu ldp phdp, Hd Npi, 2017.
DliNDAN jar
ddng cua minh tiirdc cu tii, qua dd, cu tri cd them thdng tin danh gid viec thyc hipn nhiem vy, quyln ban cua DBQH. 6 khia canh thd nhit, hogt ddng ty ddnh gid cua DBQH cd thi duoc thi hien thdng qua viec trinh bdy bdo cdo ty ddnh gid ve thuc hien chuong trinh hdnh ddng vd thyc hien nhiera vy cua ngudi dgi bilu nhan dan...Cl khia cgnh thd hai, mdt sd ndi dung mang tinh ddnh gid hoat d0ng cua DBQH dudi gde nhin cua ca quan, td chuc cd tham quyln (Qudc hdi, cdc ca quan cua Qudc hpi, thudng Id hang nam, cudi nhipra ky ttong cac van bdn ve tdng k6t, ddnh gia hogt ddng cua minh cd the cd npi dung ve ddnh gid hogt ddng cua DBQH). Ddnh gia hogt ddng cua DBQH dudi gde nhin cua cd tn thucmg cd the quan sdt dupe thdng qua nhung cudc tilp xuc cu tri hang nam, td sy phdn dnh cua cdc phuang tien thdng tin dgi chung. Thdng thudng, do cd the Id viec cdc cu tri ddnh gia cao viec thye hien nhi^m vy cua cac dgi bieu, vdi nhirng ddng gdp quan ttpng tgi cac ky hpp ciing nhu giai quyet khieu nai cho cu tri, ddng thdi cd tri mong mudn nhieu ban d cac DBQH, nhat Id cd y kien ddi vdi cdc van de ldn ciia dat nude; hay cdn the hien qua goc nhin, ddnh gid, phdn dnh cua bdo chi...khi tdc nghiep, phan dnh ve boat dpng cua Qudc hdi ndi chung, DBQH ndi rieng.
Trong cdng tdc nhdn sy, ddnh gid cdn bd, nhit Id ddnh gia boat dpng cua ddi ngii can bd ddn cu la khau quan ttpng nhit, dong thdi Id mpt ttong nhiing khdu khd khan nhit. Nhin nhdn, danh gid diing Id tiln d l d l Idm tdt cdng tdc bd tri, su dyng, dao tao, bdi dudng...
can bd ciing nhu nhara giup can bd phdt huy nhimg im diem, khac phyc nhung hgn chi, hudng theo su phdt hiln tich eye hon ttong
qua trinh cdng tdc, phin diu cua ngudi cdn bd lanh dao, qudn ly ndi chung, ttong dd cd DBQH. Thdng qua hogt dpng danh gia ndi chung va danh gid ve nhimg ddng gdp ciia DBQH ttong tung ITnh vyc lap phap, gidm sat, quylt dinh cac van dd quan ttpng cua dat nude giup chi ra dupe nhiing uu, nhupc diem va nguyen nhan, bai hpc kinh nghidm de td dd cd bi?n phdp thich hpp phdt huy uu diem, hgn che nhirng diem cdn thieu sdt. Viec ddnh gia hogt dpng cua DBQH chi cd the bao dam dupe tinh khdch quan, khoa hpc, chinh xac vd cy the khi dupe dya tten nhiing tieu chi dupe xac djnh sdn, dupe kiem nghiem qua thyc tien va dupe ap dung thudng xuyen, lien tuc de so sdnh, tdng ket.
Xuat phat td vi tri, tinh chat cua Qudc hdi va tinh tat yeu ttong quy lugt ddi mdi ciia cac thiet thiet che dgi dipn, cung vdi vai ttd cua Uy ban thudng vy Qudc hpi, Hdi ddng dan tpc, cac Uy ban cua Qudc hpi, DBQH c6 vai ttd Id hgt nhan quan ttpng ttong todn bp boat dpng cua Qudc hpi. Theo dd, viec xdc djnh dung nhiing tieu chi phu hpp vdi mdi loai hinh, ddi tuong va yeu cau danh gid cd y nghTa bet sue quan ttpng d l dinh hudng cho boat ddng ddnh gid di diing vd tning, dat dupe muc tieu, yeu cdu cua hogt dpng ddnh gia. Cy thi:
- Hoat ddng cua Qudc hdi dgt dupe kit qud hay khdng va kit qua cu the nhu the nao phu thupc rit ldn vao kit qud boat ddng ciia Hdi ddng dan tpc, cac Uy ban cua Qudc hpi, cd nhan DBQH. Thdng qua danh gid kit qud boat dpng cua mmh, DBQH cd the nhm nhgn va chi ra dupe nhung uu, nhupc diem de tii dd cd bipn phdp thich hop d l phdt huy uu dilm, khie phyc nhiing ban chi ttong ITnh vyc hogt
80 I Tap chi Khoa hoc Noi vu
vx DIENDAN
ddng ndy. Ddnh gia boat dpng ciia DBQH gdp phin dua ra nhiing co sd thyc tiSn de ddi mdi td chde vd boat ddng cua ban thdn DBQH, cua Qudc hdi ndi chung vd gdp phin ndng cao hieu qua boat ddng eua ca bd rady Qudc hpi;
- DBQH hogt dpng ttong khudn khd Hiln phap va phdp lugt, theo rapt co chi nhit djnh song khdng cd nghia la ludn dien ra theo chieu hudng tich cue, khdng cd nhiing mat cdn cai tien, hoan thien. Viec xdc djnh cdc tieu chi danh gia giup dinh hudng cho cdc hoat dpng cua DBQH, la cdc "chi diu" giup DBQH tap trung vao nhiing muc tieu ttpng tdm ttong boat dpng ciia minh;
- Trong qua trinh xay dung nen ddn chu XHCN d nude ta hien nay, boat ddng cua cac CO quan dai dien (Qudc hpi, Hdi ddng nhdn dan...) do nhan bdu ra cang ngay cd vj tti vai trd quan ttpng. So vdi cac boat ddng khdc (nhu boat ddng cua cdng chuc, vien chde, kl ca boat ddng cua cac thu trudng cac ca quan td chuc, nhu bd trudng) thi hogt dpng cua DBQH rdt da dang, viec thyc hien chuc ndng, nhipm vy lien quan den nhieu ITnh vyc cua ddi sdng xa hdi. Bdi vi khdng co mpt chuyen mdn nganh nghe dao tao nao cd the dap ling dupe todn bd yeu cau cho hogt dpng cua ngudi dai bilu. Sy da dang cila hogt dpng cua ngudi dai bieu ciing la co sd cho su cdn thilt phdi cd nhiing tidu chi danh gia chat lupng cua boat ddng dai bilu. Sy da dang cua boat dpng cua ngudi dai bieu xuat phat tu vj tri, vai ttd, nhiem vy, quyen hgn, ca cau va cac phuang thuc boat dpng ciia ca quan dgi dien dan cd, ma cac dai bieu dupe nhdn ddn hiu ra Id cdc thdnh vien. Vi vay, cd the ndi chit lupng, hieu qua boat ddng cua cdc co
quan dai bieu dan cu ciing Id phdn anh chat lupng hi?u qua hogt ddng cua cdc thanh vien vd ngupc Igi. Tu khia canh nay, tieu chi ddnh gid boat dOng cua Qudc hdi cung cd nhiing net tuang ddng so vdi tieu chi ddnh gid boat ddng cua cac DBQH. Chinh sy da dgng vd phdc tap khdng thudn nhdt hogt dpng DBQH can cd tieu chi ddnh gia chdt lupng hogt dpng cua ngudi dai bieu ;
- Danh gid Id hogt dpng thudc phgm tni nhan thuc cua con ngudi. Nhu nhung boat ddng thudc ve nhan thdc khdc, boat ddng danh gia ciing khdng ttanh khdi bi chi phdi bdi lpi ich, nang lyc va yeu td tam ly cua chu the ddnh gid, Thyc te cho thdy, cd noi cd luc, thyc ttang ddnh gia mpt chilu, ddnh gid mang tinh "td hdng" hoac hinh thuc (theo khudn mau kieu "ba im hai khuyet, "uu diem la CO ban, nhupc diem la ca biet"...) da vd dang la tinh trang khd phd bien ttong xa hdi, ttong dd khdng logi trd viec ddnh gid boat dpng cita cdc co quan nha nude ndi chung va DBQH ndi rieng. Tu dd, van de dat ra la phdi danh gid theo nhiing ndi dung ndo de phdn anh dung, day du hogt ddng eua DBQH. Vi vay, vipc nghien cuu, minh djnh ro cdc tieu chi se gdp phan phuc vu ydu cau tgo ca sd de thuc day cdng tac danh gia ket qud hogt dpng cua DBQH theo hudng khach quan, todn di?n ban.
v l xudt phdt diem, cd the hinh dung tieu chi ddnh gid hogt ddng ciia DBQH dya theo nhung nguyen tac vd djnh hudng hogt dpng cua nhirng thiet che md DBQH Id thdnh vien - Qudc hdi. Chinh vi vay, vi?c xdc dinh cdc tieu chi danh gia boat ddng cua DBQH d nude ta hien nay cd y nghia dac biet quan ttpng:
nd khdng nhiing nham "tdng ket", "danh gia"
DliNDAN J^
hogt ddng cua DBQH ttong tdng the su van hdnh cua Qudc hdi md cdn cd y nghTa gop phdn xdc djnh nguyen Iy td chuc va van hdnh cua chinh cac co cdu ben ttong cua Qudc Hdi md DBQH la thanh vien.
Tuy nhien, du xem xet d bat cd goc dp ndo, thi hogt ddng cua ehinh Qudc hdi Id co sd quan ttpng cho vide xem xet, danh gia. Cd y kien cho rang, cd the cd trudng hpp, mac du Quoe hpi, cdc ca quan cua Qudc hdi hoat ddng chua that cd ket qud tdt, nhung khdng it DBQH boat dpng hieu qua. Thuc tien cd the xay ra nhu vdy, song cd the ndi ttong trudng hop ndy, phdp ludt quy djnh v l vj tri, vai ttd, nhiem vu, quyen ban cho DBQH la chua that phu hpp va cdn cai td tu chinh van de mang tinh gde re dd. De ddnh gid hogt ddng ciia mpt thilt chd nao dd, cin dua theo cdc tieu chi nhit dinh. Ndi rapt each de hieu, tieu chi danh gid Id mpt h§ thdng cac dau hieu, de dya vao do Idm can cd ddnh gid hieu qua hogt ddng. Vi du, sy tin nhiem cua cd tn ddi vdi cac iing cu vien DBQH can dya vdo tieu chi Id sd lupng phieu bau. Tieu chi cdng ro rang, cy the, su ddnh gid cdng minh bach va chinh xdc. Thuc te cung cho thdy, viec ddnh gid, do ludng ket qua boat dpng cua DBQH la viec khdng he don gian, dieu nay dupe ly gidi bdi vj tri, vai ttd cua DBQH ttong mdi quan he vdi viec thyc hien chde nang, nhiem vu, quyln hgn cua Qudc Hdi ndi chung. Mat khdc, do cdng vi§c cua Qudc hdi, cdc ca quan cua Qudc Hpi chu ylu tdc nghipp gin vdi linh vyc xdy dyng, hogch dinh chinh sdch ciing lam cho viec danh gia boat ddng cua DBQH ddi hdi phdi rit dac thii. Dd Id mdt thyc t l khdng thd phu nhdn vd bd qua ttong vi?c nghien cdu xay dung cdc tieu chi danh gid boat ddng cua
DBQH. Tuy nhien, dieu dd khdng cd nghTa la viec xay dyng cdc tieu chi ddnh gia boat dpng cua DBQH la khdng cin thilt.
Trong thdi gian vua qua, lien quan den ndi dung ddnh gid boat ddng cua DBQH, cac doan DBQH hien nay, khdng it y kien ciia cdc vj DBQH d l nghj can sdm xay dung va ban hanh bd tieu chi lam ca sd de nhgn xet, ddnh gid boat ddng cua DBQH. Khang dinh sy cdn thilt danh gid hogt ddng cua dgi bieu dan cd, rapt sd vj dgi bieu dang cdng tac d ca tnmg uang vd dia phuang cho rang, each danh gia neu khdng kheo cd the thien ve djnh tinh nhilu ban dinh luong ma mdt ttong nhiing ly do la cho den thdi diem danh gia, van chua cd cac tieu chi ddnh gid mdc dp hodn thanh nhiem vy cua DBQH ndi chung va dgi bieu chuyen ttdch ndi rieng. Dat ttong mdi tuang quan do, tu thyc te ndy, c6 the ndi, viec sdm nghien ciiu, lam sang td hem ve mat khai niem, npi ham cung nhu chimg td sy can thiet cua viec xay dyng cdc tieu chi ddnh gid hogt ddng cua DBQH la vdn de mang tinh khach quan va thuc sy can thilt.
Mac dil ed y nghTa, tam quan ttpng nhu vay, nhung hien nay d Viet Nam, chua co CO ehe vd bd tieu chi cy the de ddnh gia hogt dOng cua Qudc hdi vd DBQH. Vl mat thyc tiln, cdng tdc tdng ket, ddnh gid hogt ddng cua Qudc hdi da dupe thyc hien d cdc khia canh: (i) Tren phuong dien tu danh gid, Qudc hpi, cac CO quan cua Qudc hdi tu danh gid, tdng ket hogt dpng eua minh thudng ttong cac bao cao cdng tac cudi nam, bdo cao tdng ket, ddnh gia cudi nhiem ky v.v... (ii) Qudc hpi, Uy ban thudng vy Qudc hdi danh gia boat dpng cua cac co cau ben ttong cua Qudc hdi (Hdi ddng dan tdc, cdc Uy ban cua Qudc
82 I Tap chi Khoa hoc Noi vu
V&. DliNDAN i hpi, DBQH; cde Dodn DBQH, DBQH; v.v...
Tuy nhien, ttong cdc boat ddng ndy, viec su dyng cdc tieu chi de danh gid cdng chua dupe dinh hinh rapt each that ro net, chinh thuc vd thdng nhdt. CJ khia canh phap ly, da cd mdt sd quy dinh ve tieu chudn va ttach nhiem cua DBQH, nhung cdc quy djnh dd chua that ddy du, chua cy the, cdn thieu kha nhieu edc tieu chi can thidt. Sy thidu hut neu tten khien cho viec ddnh gid todn dien, khach quan ve hoat ddng cua Qudc hpi va DBQH d nude ta hien nay.
Mdt npi dung quan ttpng khdc lien quan den danh gid hogt ddng cua DBQH chinh la viec xera xet, danh gia boat dpng ndy nhu the ndo, dudi nhiing binh dien cy the gi. Thdng thudng, khi danh gia ket qua cua mpt boat ddng nao dd ta phai can cu vao myc dich da dupe xac dinh ban dau cua boat ddng. C) day, ket qua cua boat ddng chinh la viec dat dupe muc dich boat ddng. Tuy nhien, viec ddnh gia boat dpng cua DBQH la cd dgt dupe muc dich cua cac boat ddng nay hay khdng neu khdng cd nhiing co sd, can cu nen tang nhdt djnh de ddnh gid thi cung se la van de rat khd khan, khd bdo ddm khoa hpc va chinh xdc, nlu khdng mudn ndi la se mang nhieu yeu td chu quan. Vi vdy, viec xay dyng cac tieu chi d l cd thi su dyng ttong viec do ludng, ddnh gia boat ddng cua DBQH khdng chi dimg Iai d nhiing bieu hi?n ben ngodi ve mat djnh lupng md cdn can phai chu y cd yeu td ve npi dung (dinh tinh) ttong boat ddng cua DBQH la vin de cd y nghTa rdt quan ttpng.
2. Khai ni^m, phan loai va y nghia cua tiSu chi ddnh gid boat ddng cua dai bieu Qu6c hpi
Thu nhdt, ve khdi ni?m tiiu chi ddnh gid
hogt ddng cua dgi biiu Qudc hdi Theo quy djnh cua phap luat, DBQH cd ttach nhiem ttong viec thyc bi^n cac nhiem vy; lap Hien, lap phdp, quylt djnh cac vin d l quan ttpng cila dat nude vd gidra sat tdi cao ddi vdi hogt ddng cua bd may nha nude... Chudi hanh vi cua DBQH nhim thuc hien cdc chuc nang nay tao thanh boat ddng cua DBQH.
Nhu vdy, ddnh gid hogt ddng cua DBQH la viec tien hdnh nhgn xet (binh luan) ve chat lupng, ket qud mdi quan he tdc ddng qua lai giira DBQH vdi cd tri, vdi cdc co quan, td chuc ttong bd mdy nhd nude trong qud trinh thyc hien chuc nang, nhiem vu md phdp lugt quy dinh. Trudc hit, cd the quan niem "ddnh gid la nhan dinh gia tri" [4]. Ddnh gid boat dOng cua DBQH la nhan djnh gia ttj cudi ciing md hogt dpng cua cac chu the ndy dem lai, neu len dupe nhiing uu diem ciing nhu nhiing ban che ttong hogt dpng cua DBQH, lara ca sd xac djnh phuang hudng, nhiera vy va giai phap cu the de phat huy uu diera, khac phyc hgn che, nang cao chat lupng hogt ddng cua minh..
Quan niem ve tieu chi danh gid hogt ddng cua DBQH, cd y kien cho rdng tieu chi ddnh gid hogt dpng cua dgi bieu Id nhiing ydu cdu, nhihig ddi hdi ma ttong qud trinh hogt ddng lam nhiem vy dgi bieu ngudi dgi bidu phdi dap irng [2]. Nhung tten thuc te, cd nhiing tieu chi rat Idn, ddng thdi ciing cd nhirng tieu chi rat chi tiet cu the. Cd nhiing tieu chi danh gia cd qud trinh boat ddng cua dai bieu, nhung ciing cd nhiing tieu chi chi duoc dimg de ddnh gid mdt cdng dogn, mpt hdnh vi cua ngudi dai bieu, thdm chi cd ca nhiing tieu chi ddnh gid hanh vi cua ngudi dai bieu khdng cd dinh ddng gi den boat ddng dai bieu.
DliNDAN joy
Tu cdc phan tich tten, cd the quan niem budc dau ve tieu chi danh gid boat dpng cua DBQH nhu sau: tieu chi danh gid boat ddng cua DBQH la nhung tinh chat, nhung dau hieu dupe xac djnh va lay lam lam edn cd de nhan djnh, do ludng nhiing ket qud edng viec cy the, nhiing gid trj ma hogt dOng eua DBQH tao ra ttong qud trinh thyc hien chuc nang, nhiem vy cua minh.
Mpi sy phdn tich tieu chi ddnh gid hogt ddng cua ngudi dai bieu chi dupe dimg d mdc dp d nghia rdng, binh luan phan tich giai thich chung md khdng cd y nghTa chinh thdc.
0 nghTa chinh thdc va hep cda tieu chi ddnh gid phdi dupe gan vdi bdi cdnh cy the ;
Thu hai, phdn logi tieu chi ddnh gid hogt dpng cua dgi bieu Qudc hdi:
Cd the cd nhieu each phan loai tieu chi danh gid hogt dpng eiia DBQH, ttong dd, cd the xera xet d rapt sd khia canh chu yeu sau:
(i) Can cd vdo tinh chat, cd thi phdn loai cdc tieu chi gdm hai logi co bdn (cdc tieu chi djnh lupng va cdc tieu chi djnh tinh). Tieu chi djnh lupng Id nhung con sd cy thi v l khdi lupng cdng vi?c... Tieu chi dinh tinh la nhung ddnh gia, nhdn xet ve thai dp, phong each lam vi?c, the hien muc dp phuc tap cua cdng vi^c...(ii) Can cu vdo ket qua cua sy tdc ddng qua lai ttong mdi quan he giira DBQH vdi cu tri, vdi cdc ca quan, td chuc ttong bd may nha nude vd cd xa hdi, phdn loai cdc tieu chi thanh: cdc tieu chi danh gid ve tinh thin vd cdc tieu chi ddnh gid v l tiiyc tiln. Trong viec ddnh gid hogt dpng cua DBQH, cac tieu chi danh gid v l tinh tiiin can cd vao nhiing hanh vi tac ddng v l mat tinh thin ddi vdi xa hpi. Vi dy;
DBQH do dupe nhieu cu tri bilt din, cd tri dat nilm tm va DBQH cimg nhu Qudc hdi.
vi thi cua DBQH va Qudc hdi dupe ndng len so vdi trudc... Cac tieu chi danh gid ve thyc tien cdn cd vao ket qua thyc te hogt ddng ciia DBQH, vi du nhu: cdc boat ddng da din din sy thay ddi quylt djnh, chu truong, chmh sdch cua cdc CO quan nha nude; viec xu ly don thu khieu ngi, td cao cua cdng ddn...Song, hai each phdn loai nhu tten ciing chi mang tinh chit tuong ddi bdi cd nhung tieu chi rdt kho phdn dinh rach rdi.
Cac tieu chi danh gia tten cd quan he bi?n chdng, mat thiet vdi nhau, tgo thdnh rapt bd tieu chi thdng nhdt. Trong viec ddnh gia hogt ddng cua DBQH, mudn ddnh gid rapt cdch day du, todn chen boat dpng cua DBQH thi khdng the khdng su dyng nhiing tieu chi djnh tinh. Hai logi tieu chi nay c6 tinh chat bd ttp cho nhau. De danh gia dung thi cdch danh gid phai that sy khdch quan, todn dipn va cd tinh lich su, cy the, vda djnh lupng, vda dinh tinh, ddng thdi xem xet toan dipn, tdng hop tit ca cac yeu td ed the do dac, djnh lupng dupe de djnh tinh rd rdng, diy du, chinh xdc ;
Thu ba, ve y nghia, tdm quan trpng cua tieu chi ddnh gid hogt dpng cua DBQH
Trudc het, nhiing tieu chi ddnh gia hogt ddng cua cd nhan DBQH la can cd d l ddnh gid viec thyc hien vai ttd dai dien cua DBQH, xem xet cac dai biSu da the hien y chi, nguyen vpng cua cu tri nhu the nao thdng qua cac boat ddng d Qudc hpi. Qud trinh tira kilm va thu thap thdng tin du lieu phuc vu cho vi?c danh gid (chit vin, thao luan, bd philu, tham gia cdc cupc hpp uy ban, giii mdi lien he vdi cd tti...) giup lara tang su hieu biet cua cong chiing ve hoat ddng cua Qudc hpi ndi chung, ciing nhu nhiing cdng viec cy the cua DBQH ndi rieng. Kit qua danh gid cung cd the Idm
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DliNDANi
CO sd cho sy lya chpn cua cu tri ttong cdc cupc bau cu tiep theo nhim lua chpn diing ngudi dai di?n. Cac tieu chi nhu vgy ciing Id ngudn thdng tin tham khdo, giup cdc co quan c6 thara quydn, ttong dd cd cdc ca quan cua Qudc hdi, ddnh gid hogt ddng cua DBQH dupe sdt thyc hon.
Tren phuang dien khdc, ket qud danh gid cd the dupe sd dyng de xay dung, hodn thipn cdc chuang trinh nang cao nang lyc cua DBQH nhu cac khda tap huan, tdi lipu hudng ddn, ddng thdi, khi "soi vdo" cdc tieu chi ddnh gid dd, ban than cac dai bieu cd the tu minh dieu chinh cdc hanh dpng, hdnh vi cho phu hpp de hodn thdnh tdt h<m cdc nhiSm vy cua minh. Khdng nhiing the, cdc tieu chi danh gia DBQH cdn cd tac dyng gdp phan thuc day, nang cao chit lupng boat ddng cda toan the Qudc hpi ndi chung, cung cd hinh dnh rapt Qudc hdi cd nang lyc, ttach nhiem vd boat ddng ngay cang hieu qua, vi muc tieu dan giau, nude manh, dan chu, cdng bang, van minh.
Tieu chi ddnh gia boat ddng ngudi dai bieu Id mdt ttong nhiing co sd quan ttpng gdp phdn giup dgi bieu hoan thanh tdt nhiera vy khd khan vd phdc tap cua minh. Cd the ndi rang viec de ra cdc tieu chi cy the ttong timg linh vuc boat ddng cua DBQH cung la rapt yeu td cd the lara tang cudng tinh muc dich, tinh trpng tdra hon ttong hogt dpng thyc hien nhi^m vu, quyln ban cua DBQH.
Tieu chi ciing la nhiing yeu cdu, ca sd de chmh CO quan quyen lyc nha nude ddnh gid hogt ddng cua ngudi dgi bieu la thdnh vien cua minh. Ve phia ngudi ddn la cac cu tri cung cd the can cd vdo mdc dp hoan thdnh cac tieu chi de cdn nhac cho vi^c bd philu
cho dai bieu neu nhu dng cu khda tiep theo.
Nhung tieu chi nay cd the Id nhiing thudc do de cu tri, cung nhu chinh co quan ddn cd thyc hien quyln bai miln DBQH (nlu cd).
3. Mpt so gpi md trong vifc xay dung, ap dung tiSu chi danh gia boat d^ng cua Dai bieu Quoe hpi
(i) Viec xay dyng cac tieu chi ddnh gid boat ddng cua DBQH khdng cd tinh chit xIp hang DBQH, khdng ddt ra vipc chim diem td cac sd lieu cd dupe, md dl cho cdc ca quan cd lien quan cd them ngudn thdng tin trong viec giup CO quan cd thara quyen ddnh gia DBQH, ciing nhu cu tri, ngudi dan, ca quan, td chde, dan vi hiiu quan cd quan tara, tiep can de tim hieu, hd ttp dgi bieu ty ddnh gid boat ddng cua minh. Trong vi^c nghien cdu xdy dyng cdc tieu chi vd xac dinh cdc phuang phdp danh gia can bao dam tmh toan dien, phii hpp, hieu qud cua cac tieu chi va phuang phdp se dupe sd dung;
(ii) Cdn tap hpp, phdn tich vd tich hpp cdc tieu chudn ddnh gid da cd (cy the hoac ham y) ttong cdc vdn ban phdp ludt chuyen nganh vdo bd tieu chi ddnh gia se dupe xay dyng.
Dilu ndy Id de ttdnh xung dot giua bd tieu chi ddnh gid vdi cdc quy djnh phap luat hien hanh cd lien quan;
(iii) Co thi xdy dyng mdt bp tieu chi ddnh gia dp dyng chung hoac Idng ghep cdc tieu chi vao cdc van bdn phdp ludt chuyen ngdnh.
Tuy dieu kien hodn cdtih cu the md cd the sd dyng mdt ttong hai each tiep can nay, mien Id bdo dam tinh toan di$n, kha thi va hieu qud cua edc tieu chi vd hogt ddng danh gia;
(iv) Bd tieu chi cdn xdc dinh danh gid nhirng ndi dung boat ddng ndo cua DBQH.
Chang ban, neu ddnh gia "qua trinh boat
DIENDAN jyx
ddng cua DBQH" thi cac tieu chi ddnh gia se tap trung vao chat lupng cua ttanh luan, sy thudng xuyen tiep xuc ciia DBQH vdi cu tri, tan suat va chat lupng tham gia cdc phien hpp Uy ban,.. .Cdn neu theo cdc "dau ra chinh sdch" (ldp phdp, ngdn sdch, vd cdc chinh sach khdc ciia chinh pbu), thi tieu chi danh gia se tap trung vao anh hudng cua DBQH tdi cdng tdc lap phap vd xdy dung chinh sach, ddng gdp cua DBQH ttong viSc dat nhung myc tieu chinh sach cy the (gidm bdt ngheo ddi [5]. DT nhien, viec danh gia theo cac tieu chi
"dau ra" se khd khan hon rat nhieu, vi cdc
"dau ra" dd phu thudc vao nhieu yeu td, tdc nhdn dnh hudng khac nhau, khd co the xac djnh ddng gdp cua mdt DBQH cy thd ;
(v) Bd tieu chi ddnh gid hogt ddng cda DBQH cdn chii y den nhiing dilm sau day [3]:
tinh todn dien (kha nang ndm bdt hanh ddng, hieu suat vd ket qud); cd the so sdnh hogt ddng cua DBQH vdi cdc bien sd xa hdi khdc (tang trudng kinh tl, ddc thii cua he thdng ehinh tri);
kha ndng bieu thj dii lieu tten mdt dinh dgng don gidn cd the hiru ich cho cac co quan, td chuc, cd tri, cd nhan cdng dan tang cudng nhan thdc va hieu biet ve Qudc hdi ndi ehung vd DBQH ndi rieng; cd thi so sanh dupe theo thdi gian; dii lieu dang tm cdy va chudn xac; tang tinh khach quan, todn dien; dl sd dung; cdc ket qud diln giai sang rd (nhu bd di thdng tm ve cdc hoan canh cu thi d l gidi thich cdc muc dp hoat dpng khdc nhau); giup nim bit dupe hdu het cdc van de ndi bat ttong boat ddng cua DBQH; nhan dupe sy chia se, ddng thudn ciia nhieu chu the hiiu quan khac nhau;
Cudi cung, cin nhan thuc rang, bp tieu chi la mdt ttong nhirng co sd d l DBQH dua vdo dd thyc hien cdng tdc tii ddnh gid, nhung
day khdng the la can cu duy nhdt dd ddnh gia chat luong boat ddng cua DBQH, md cdn can dua tten nhiing cac ngudn thdng tin khac. Vdi y nghia dd, xay dyng tieu chi danh gia boat ddng cua DBQH va trien khai cdng tac tu danh gia boat ddng cua DBQH theo hudng nay la de gdp phdn tang cudng chit lupng hogt ddng cua DBQH, khuyen khich, ddng vien DBQH tich eye hogt d^ng, 1dm tdt nhiem vy dgi bieu cho y chi, nguyen vpng cua nhan ddn, vi myc tieu ddn gidu, nude manh, ddn chu, cdng bang, van minh./.
TAI LIEU THAM KHAO 1. Trin Van Thuan (2017), Vien Nghi&i ciru lap phap: Dk tai khoa hpc cap bo; "Xdy dung tieu chi ddnh gid hogt ddng cua Dai biiu Qudc hpi trong dieu kien xdy dung Nhd nude phdp quyen XHCN Viet Nam: ca sd ly ludn vd thuc tien". Ha Npi.
2. Nguyen Dang Dung, Ky ylu hpi thao "Tiiu chi ddnh gid hogt ddng cda dgi biiu Quoe hpi - mdt sd vdn de ly ludn vd thirc tien", Khoa Luat DHQG va Vien Nghien ciiu lap phap. Ha Npi, ngay 18/5/2017
3. Vii Cong Giao, Hoi thao '"Tieu chi ddnh gid hogt ddng cda dgi bieu Qudc hpi - mgt sd vdn di ly ludn vd thiec tiin", Khoa Luat DHQG va Vi?n Nghien cdu lap phap. Ha Npi, ngay 18/5/2017.
4. Vien ngon ngii hoc (2002), Tu diin Tieng Flit, Nxb Da Ndng, tt.287
5. Honorable John Bosley (2007), A Review of Parliamentary Scorecards in Africa, the African Capacity Building Foundation. Cap nhat tai:
http://eIibrary,acbfpact.org/acbf/collect/acbf/
index/assoc/HASHO 136.dir/doc.pdf, 15/9/2017.
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