Su

Su- thay d6i quyln quyet dinh trong gia dinh mau he (Nghien cmi trucmg hop nguoi Raglai is tinh Khanh Hoa)

Tru-ffng Van Cutmg'"*

Tom tat: Tren ca sa khdo sdt ve nguai Raglai a huyin Khdnh San, huyen Khdnh Vinh vd thanh pho Cam Ranh thuoc tinh Khdnh Hda, bdi viit buac ddu tim hieu ve quyen quyet dinh ciia phu nHvd nam giai trong gia dinh mdu hi duai tdc dgng cda qud trinh doi mai, giao luu vd hoi nhap. Kit qud khdo sdt cho thdy, vi tri, vai tro vd quyin luc ciia nguai va, nguai chong trong gia dinh da co su thay doi ddng ke, theo xu huang ddng khich le, do la su bdn bgc, se chia giiia haiva chong, huang tai subinh ddng giai trong xd hgi hiin dgi.

Tir khoa: Quyen quyet dinh, Gia dinh m l u he, Ngirai Raglai, Tinh Khanh Hoa Abstract: Using a case study of Raglai ethnic families in Khanh Son, Khanh Vinh districts and Cam Ranh City (Khanh Hoa province), the paper initially explores the decision- mgking authority in the matriarchal families under the effects of innovation, exchange and integration process. The survey result shows that the status, role and authority of wife and husband in these families have been changed in g cruciul and positive way.

Consequently, there is household decision making shared between wife and husbgnd on the basis of spousal agreement, which promotes progress towards gender equality in modern society.

Keywords: Decision-malting Authority, Matriarchal Families, Raglai Ethnic Group, Khanh Hoa Province.

1. MOT dau j j n h duoc nhin nhan duoi lang kinh cua Quyen quyet dinh xuit hien ciing dac trung nghd nghiep, thu nhap, trinh vol svr hinh thanh xa hpi loai nguoi va do hpc v i n va khu vuc cu tni. Day dupe ton tai theo su phat triSn cua xa hpi duoi xem la bdn nguyen nhan chinh tac dpng hmh thlic nay hay hinh thuc khac. 6 Viet dSn quy6n quyet dinh trong gia dinh. Mpt Nam hien nay, quyfc quy6t dinh trong gia s6 nghien cuu da nhin nhan kha da chiiu ve vin di quyen trong gia dinh. Trin Thi

" ThS., Vi?n Dan tpc hoc Vien Han lam Khoa hoc xa Thanh Loan {2016: 54-67) cho rang, phu hOi Vict Nam; Email: tiuongcuongl 983@gmail.com nu lam viec phi nong nghiep CO kha nang

Sir thay dot quyen qu^it d|nh.. 31 la ngudi quyet dinh chit yeu ve chi tieu gia

dinh so vdi phu nir thuan ndng, phu nir cd ddng gflp bang chflng cd nhieu khd nang dupe quyflt dinh chi tieu hon phu nfi cfl thu nhap thap hon chflng va phu nij thanh thi cfl kha ndng quyet dinh cde chi tieu gia dinh hon phu nii d ndng thdn, Theo Vu Thi Cue (2007: 41-52), nhiing nhom cu ddn CO trinh dp hpc vdn cao ciing cfl tac dpng quan trpng den quyen quyet dinh trong gia dinh. Dang Thanh Nhan (2015: 48-56) chi ra quyen quyet dinh van dfl gido due va chdm sdc eon cai chiu su chi phfli bdi trinh dp hpc van va thu nhdp. Tuy nhien, do anh huflng quan niem cua Nho giao, cac tac gid trong nude chu yeu nhin nhdn phu nir vdi su yeu the trong thiet ehe gia dinh phu he.

Vay quyen quyet dinh trong nhung cpng dflng mau he vdi quyen hanh nam trong tay phu nii (ddn ba Ion tufli) co sir thay dfli hay khflng trudc tae dflng ciia bdi canh hpi nhap? Di^a tren lang kinh ve gidi va su tac dflng ciia qua trinh hien dai hfla, bai viet gop phan lam ro hon mpt sfl van dfl vfl quyen quyflt djnh trong gia dinh mau he qua nghifln cdu ngudi Raglai d tinh Khanh Hfla d mpt sfl khia canh nhu: quyen quyflt dinh trong viec sinh con (sfl con), viec hpe hanh va hon nhdn ciia con cai, thu chi hang ngdy, san xudt va kinh doanh,...'*'.

'"> Bai viet sir dung tu lieu dieu tra xa h^i hpc tgc ngu6i ciia De tii "Hon nhan va gia dinh cua nguai Raglai 6 Klianh Hoa" do PGS.TS. Nguyen Ngoc Thanh lam chu nhipm, th\ic hi?n nam 2015-2016 tai linh Khanh Hoa. So lucjng mau khao sat gom 600 hp dan tai 6 xa (moi xa 100 mau); xa San Binh, xa Son Hiep (huyen Khanh San); xa Khanh Trung, xa Khanh Nam (huyen Khanh Vinh); xa Cam Phuac Dong, xa Cam Thinh Tay (thanh pho Cam Ranh).

D6ng thoi phong vin sau 30 h^.

2. Doi net vk tpc ngu'di nghien ciru Ngudi Raglai (hay con gpi la Ra-clay, Rai, Noang, La-oang, Orang Glai) la mpt trong 5 toe nguoi thupc nhflm ngon ngir Ma Lai - Da Ddo, co lieh sd cu tni lau ddi d mien nui cac tinh duyfln hai Nam Trung bfl Viet Nam vdi tflng so 122.245 ngudi (59.916 nam, 62.329 nii), trong do, tap trung chu yflu d tinh Ninh Thuan (58.911 ngudi) va Khdnh Hoa (45.915 ngudi) (Ban Chi dao Tflng diflu tra Dan sfl va Nhd d Trung uong, 2009). Tai Khanh Hfla, hp cu tni tai mpt sfl xa thupc huy?n Khanh Son, huyen Khanh VTnh, thanh phd Cam Ranh va ddy cung Id nhiing dia ban khdo sat ciia nghien cuu nay. Dac diem chii hfl dupe khdo sat nhu sau: dp tuoi trung binh 43,8 tufli, trong do ngudi nhd tudi nhdt Id 21 tudi, nguoi lflu tufli nhdt Id 94 tufli; vfl trinh dp hpc van, cfl 30,8% mu chir, 36,7% hpc het cap tieu hpc, 19,8% hpc het taimg hpe co sd, 10,8% hpc hflt trung hpc phfl thflng vd 1,8% eo trinh dp trung hpc chuyfln nghiep, cao dang, dai hpc; ve nghe nghiep, nflng nghiep chiem phan Idn vdi 84%, cdn bp co luong la 9%, di lam thue Id 2,7%, buon ban, dich vu Id 2,7%, khflng cd khd ndng Iao dpng la 2,2%;

vfl gidi cd 74,7% la nam, 25,3% la nir.

Trong xa hpi truyfln thflng, ngudi Raglai CO hinh thdi gia dinh mdu he, mfli dai gia dinh thuong cfl nhiflu cap vp chflng cung con cai sflng ehung trong mpt ngfli nha dai.

Mfli gia dinh te bao thudng la mpt don vi kinh tfl dpc lap (Vii Dinh Mudi, 2015: 40).

Diflu khien mpi cong viec ciia gia dinh tir sdn xudt, phdn phfli san pham, dn mac, giai quyflt xich mich npi bp, giao tiflp xa hfli, den tfln giao tin nguong,... dflu do ngudi dan bd ldn tufli (chu gia dinh), cd nhieu hiflu biet va cfl uy tin dam nhan. Tuy nhien.

32 Thong tin Khoa hpc xa hoi. so 10.2018 dudi tac dpng cua qua trinh hien dai hoa

va bifln dfli xa hfli, vi thfl ciia ngudi chdng, ngudi dan flng trong gia dinh mau he ciing ddn thay dfli. Hien nay, chi con 28,7% sd ngudi dan dupe hoi cho rang, ngudi dan ba Ion tufli CO quyfln uy nhat trong hp tflc.

3. Quyen quyet dinh trong gia dinh Kflt qua khdo sat tai dia ban nghien ciiu dupe the hien d bang 1. Cu the:

- Ve viec sinh con (so con) Xa hfli tmyfln thflng ngudi Raglai vdi thiflt chfl mlu he khflng eo tu tudng vfl ngudi nfli doi. Tuy nhifln, trong nhung nam qua, dudi tac dpng cua qua trinh hien dai hfla va chinh sach ke hoach hoa gia dinh cua Nhd nude, quan niem vfl sfl eon eua cdc cap vp chong ngudi Raglai ciing thay dfli. "Trudc kia, ngudi Raglai dfl nhieu eon, nha it 5-6 diia, nha nhiflu hon 10 diia.

Nhung hien gid khflng dfl nhiflu nhu trudc ddy nua, mfli nha chi cd 2 hoac 3 con"

(PVS. Mau Hflng Thai, sinh nam 1947, xa

Son Hipp, huyen Khanh Son). Sfl heu tai bang 1 cho thay, cd su bdn bac vd thdng nhdt giiia hai vp chflng vfl viec sinh con (sd con) Id 59,5%, do ngudi chflng quyet dinh la 10,3% va ngudi vp chi eon 22,9%.

Ngoai ra, nhiing thanh vifln khdc trong gia dinh (eha me, con cai) cung cfl tac dpng den viec sinh con (sfl con) voi ty le khiem tfln 7,3%; trong do dnh huong va tde dflng tii cha me la 5%, tir mong mufln cua con cdi la 1,7% vd 0,6% la tir nhiing ngudi xung quanh (hang xdm, tu van ciia hfli phy nu cdp thfln, xa).

- Ve hon nhdn cda con cdi Theo luat tuc cua ngudi Raglai, vdi chS dp mdu he, nhiing ngudi thude mpt hp hoac nhanh hp khflng dupe lay nhau. Ngudi cung huyflt thdng, tinh theo dong hp me du xa bao nhiflu ddi ciing khflng dupe phep ket hon vdi nhau. Viec trai gdi tim hieu nhau khflng bi ngan cam, tuy nhifln dfl tien tcri hfln nhdn, hp phai nhan dupe su dflng Bang 1. Quyen quyet dmh trong gia dinh ngu-M Raglai trong mpt so van de (%)

Neudiquy^l Neuftiquyei Ngudi quylt NguS, quy6t Nguo, quy^t Nguii quy^t Ngudi quy^l Nguii quySl dinh smh dinh hon nhan d,nh h^c hinh d,nh cac quan h? .linh cong v.^c djnh vay djnh chi lieu sinh dinh mua bin,

so (.on con cai ton tai gia dinh vi • f - dong hp kinh doanh

a c h 6 n g nva nCahai n C o n c i 3, me(6ng/ba) c K h a c

Nguon: Kk qua xit ly philu digu tra xa hpi hpc tpc nguai tai Khanh Hoa

au may doi quyen quyet oinh..

thuan cua ca hai bfln gia dinh. Cha me ciia dfli trai gai la ngudi dua ra quyet dinh cuoi cung. Cd 55,7% trudng hpp khao sat dupe eha me ciia dfli trai gai ban bac va cung di den thdng nhdt sau khi eon cdi tu tim hiflu trudc dd. Tuy nhifln, trong sd cdc trudng hpp khflng tim dupe su dflng thudn giiia eha vd mp, cfl 15,2% truotig hpp ngudi me tu quyflt so voi 8,7% quyflt dinh dupe dua ra tir nguoi cha. Ngoai ra, eon cai tu quyflt dinh 12,7%, tir flng bd ciia doi trai gdi Id 7%

va tii ngudi khac (gia lang, hp hang, ban be...) Id 0,7%. Trudc day, con cai sinh ra deu theo hp me nhung nay chi cdn 65,3%;

cfln lai 22,5% theo hp cha vd 12,2% theo ed hp cha va me.

- Ve hpc tap cda con cdi Tir xa xua, ngudi Raglai da coi trpng van de giao due gia dinh dfli voi con chau.

Tu nhfl, trfl em da dupe flng ba, cha me chi bao dao ly lam nguoi, tir loi an tieng nfli den hdnh vi iing xii thuflfng ngay trong gia dinh. Trong xa hpi mdi, hdu hflt trfl em nguoi Raglai d diaban nghifln ciiu dupe eha me eho hpc hflt cap trung hpc co sd. Viee tre em co dupe tiflp tuc theo hpc trung hpc phfl thflng hoac cac bac hpc eao hon nua hay khflng lai can cd su ban bac, quyflt dinh cua eha me.

Bdi viec theo hpc d cac cap cao hon khflng chi phat sinh them chi phi ma con ldm giam ngufln Iao dpng quan trpng cua gia dinh. Ket qua khao sat cho thdy, quyflt dinh viec hpe hdnh ciia con cai cd su thflng qua ban bae va thflng nhdt hi cha me la 54%, ngudi me la 20,7% vd 12,6% la hi quyflt dinh cua ngudi cha. Ngoai ra, cfl 7% dfln tu y mufln ciia con cdi vd 5,7% chiu tac ddng tu dng/ba.

- Ve sdn xudt vd kinh doanh Trudc day, hoat dflng sinh kfl truyen thflng cua ngudi Raglai la trflng trpt, chan

nufli va khai thac tu nhifln. Hien nay, dii mpt so boat dflng smh kfl moi da xuat hien (nhu lam thue, dich vu kmh doanh, chuyfln canh nflng nghiep hang hoa...) nhung nflng nghiep van la sinh kfl chu yflu. Viec phan cflng lao dpng, td chiie san xuat trong nhiing hoat ddng nay co su ban bac vd dflng thudn tir hai vp chflng, chiflm 42,5%, nguoi chong quyflt dinh la 28,7%, ngudi vp la 18,7% va quyen quyet dinh den tii cha me, con cai la 10,1%. Cd thfl noi, trong sdn xudt kinh doanh, vai tro ciia ngudi chflng ldn hon ngudi vp. Ly giai cho dieu nay la do cde hinh thiic sinh kfl mdi doi hoi siic khfle, su nang dpng, nhay ben trong cac moi quan he xa hfli nen phii hpp voi thfl manh cua ngudi chflng hon la ,ngudi vp. Mpt ngudi chong cho biet: "Nhd minh trong 50 cdy sdu riflng, cflng viec mua giflng, mua phan, vay tifln dau tu dupe hai vp chflng tfli ban bac nhung nhiflu khi tfli tu quyflt, vi vp it ra ngoai nfln khflng thao bang minh vd ciing lufln ung hp quyflt dinh cua minh trong van dfl nay" (PVS. Cao Xuan Ha, sinh nam 1977, xa Son Binh, huyen Khanh Son).

Trong bfli canh hien nay, nguoi Raglai da va dang tham gia sau rpng vdo nen kinh te thi trudng, budc dau lam quen vdi sdn xudt hang hoa va kinh doanh, dieh vu. Viec trflng cdc loai cay cflng nghiep, eay an qud nhu caphe, sau riflng, keo lai, md, tiflu... cdn vfln ddu tu lorn, trong khi kha ndng tdi chinh cua mfli gia dinh lai rat han che. Do do, dfl CO vdn lam an, mpt sfl gia dinh phai huy dflng tir nguoi than, con lai phdn Ion vay ngdn hdng vdi lai sudt thap thflng qua Hfli Nflng ddn, Hfli Phu nil,... 48,5% sfl gia dinh dupe khao sdt eho biflt, hp dang co nhimg khoan np tir ngan hdng. Muc dich su dung

34 rnong nn luioa noc xa noi. so \u.zuia khodn tien vay ciing kha hpp Iy: 76,8% sd

ngudi dupe hoi cho biflt tifln vay dupe dung de sdn xuit kinh doanh; 8% xdy, sua nha cua; 3,1% ddnh cho viee hpc hanh cua con cdi; 3,1% diing dfl chi tieu hang ngay; 1,4%

dfl chua benh; 1% dung cho mua sam dfl dung sinh boat nhu ti vi, tu lanh, xe may;

0,3% dfl tfl chiic tang ma, cufli xin; cdn lai vay chi tiflu cho cac muc dich khac la 7,3% (dao giflng, xdy bfl nude,...). Quyflt dinh vay vfln co sir dflng thudn gives, hai vp chong chiflm 46%, 25,3% do ngudi chong tu quyflt, 18% tir ngudi vp vd 10,7% quyflt dinh den tu cha me va con cai.

- Ve thu chi trong gia dinh Trudc ddy, kinh tfl ngudi Raglai la tu sdn tu tiflu thflng qua trflng trpt, chan nuoi va khai thac t\r nhien. Ngay nay, khi kinh tfl thi trudng dupe md rpng va phat trifln, viec tieu thu cac sdn phdm nong nghiep vd mua sam cho sinh hoat ngay cang thuan lpi hon trudc. Viec thu, ehi trong gia dinh chu yflu do ngudi vp quyflt dinh (50,4%), 31,3% den tu sir thoa thudn giua hai vp chong, con lai la do ngudi chflng quyflt dinh (10%). Ngodi ra, vai tro ciia cha me va con cdi trong viec dua ra nhimg quyflt dinh la 8,3%. Nhu v^y, ngudi dan flng khflng chi cfl vai tro ldn hem trong cac viec ldn cua gia dinh ma ngay ca viec chi tieu hang ngay, tieng noi cua hp cung ddn dupe coi trpng. Mot sfl phu nii dupe phflng vdn co chung quan diflm rang, viec chi tiflu hang ngay nhu mua thuc an, quan do, do dung it tien thuomg do hp tu quyflt, chi bdn bac vdi chong khi mua nhiing dfl cfl gid trj lan nhu ti vi, xe may, tu lanh,...

- Ve mua bdn vd xdy, sira nhd ciia Trudc kia, con cai thudng sflng chung vdi cha me trong ciing ngoi nha dai, vdi

5-10 hp CO quan he than thupc theo dong me; moi hp gom vp chdng va con cai chua lap gia dinh (Phan Xuan Bifln, 1998: 107).

Vdi xu hudng tach hp va gia dinh nhd hai thfl he ngay cang phfl bifln nhu hien nay, viec mua ban, dac biflt xay, sua nha ciia difln ra kha thuflfng xuyen. Day la viec trpng dai vdi chi phi lom, vi thfl cfl sir dong thudn giiia hai vp chflng chiem ty le 51,1 %, trong khi ngudi chflng tu quyflt la 22,8%, ngudi vp chi la 15,8% va tac dpng tir cha me, con cai la 10,3%. Mpt nam gidi cho cho biflt: "Minh lam giao vifln cdp mpt, vp d nha ldm ndng nghiep, nha co hai diia con.

Nhiing cdng viec trong gia dinh thuotig do minh quyflt dinh la chinh, nhu viee xay nha trudc ddy vd vay tifln ngdn hang dfl trong 3 ha keo nam vita roi ciing do minh quyflt hk, sau do moi noi vdi vp va nhdn dupe dong y, khflng hfl phan doi" (PVS. Cao Van Nhu, sinh nam 1983, xa Khdnh Trung, huyen Khanh VTnh).

- Ve quan he gia dinh vd hp hdng Theo truyfln thong, ngudi Raglai lufln cfl y thlic tao dung mfli quan he thuan hfla, kinh trfln nhuomg duoi giiia cac thanh vien, cdc the he trong mpt gia dinh. Trong quan he vdi dong toe va cpng ddng, chu nha co trach nhiem giii gin, vun dap va diflu hoa eae mfli quan he ndy sao cho bfln chat. Ngudi ehii nha dai dien gia dinh ldn ciia minh tham gia cac boat dpng hpi hpp; tuong trp cdc gia dinh khac trong hp, ngoai ldng khi cfl viec trpng dai hay liic gap khd khan. Dfln nay, viec doi npi, ddi ngoai cua gia dinh khflng chi do ngudi vp dam nhan ma ca hai vp chdng cdng ban bac thflng nhat, vdi ty le 49,8% d cdc cap vp chdng dupe khao sat.

Bfln canh su dflng thuan, ngudi vp chiem im thfl trong vipc tv quyet la 21,8% so vdi

Su thay ddi quy^n quyet dinh... 35 ngudi chflng la 16,9%. Ngoai ra, vai trd

ciia cha me, con cdi dnh huflmg dfln nhiing quyet dinh trfln Id 11,5%.

Nhu vay, quyen ra quyflt dinh trong gia dinh cua ngudi Raglai d dja ban nghifln cuu da CO su thay dfli dang kfl. So trudng hpp efl su ban bac, thao ludn giiia hai vp chflng va dua ra quyet dinh da chiflm ty le tuong doi cao nhu: trong viec sinh con (so con) - 59,5%, trong hfln nhdn con cai - 55,7%, hpc hdnh eiia con cai - 54%, hay viee sdn xuat va kinh doanh - 42,5%...

Nhiing cflng viec chi tiflu hang ngay, tudng chimg nhu chi phu n u dam nhan, nay ciing dupe nam gidi chia se vdi 31,3%. Cdn ghi nhan xu huomg tich cue Id, trong mpt sfl cflng viee Idn, tiflng nfli va quyflt dinh cua ngudi dan ong ngdy cang dupe coi trpng, thdm chi phdt huy dupe thfl manh ciia hp (sue khoe, giao tiflp xa hdi) nhu: trong sdn xuat kinh doanh la 28,7% (vp la 18,7%), vay vfln 2 5 , 3 % (vp Id 18%) va mua ban, xdy, sira nhd cira 22,8% (vp la 15,8%). Do dnh huomg ciia dac tnmg trong van hoa mau he lau ddi, trong nhirng truflmg hpp ngudi v p hoac ngudi chdng tu quyet thi tieng noi ciia ngudi v p van chiflm uu thfl hon so vdi ngudi chflng. Trong do, quyen quyet dinh cua ngudi v p tap trung chii yflu d mpt so khia canh nhu ehi tiflu gia dinh la 50,4%, (chflng la 10%), quyet dinh viec sinh con (sfl con) la 22,9% (chflng la 10,3%), hfln nhdn ciia con cdi la 15,2%

(chflng Id 8,7%), hpc hanh eua con cdi la 20,7% (chflng la 12,6%).

4. Mpt so yeu to tac dgng va xu hirdng Ciing nhu cac tpc ngudi khae trfln ca nude, dudi tac dpng ciia cdc chii trucmg, chinh sach ciia Dang vd Nha nude, cua nen kinh tfl thi truomg, cua su giao luu va

hpi nhap, ddi sdng kinh tfl - xa hfli cua ngudi Raglai cd nhiflu bifln doi sau sac.

Sau giai phflng (nam 1975), dac biflt sau Dfli mdi (nam 1986), ngudi dan dan dn dinh cupc sflng vd di len bdng su nd lire tu than ciing nhu su ho trp cua Nha nude thflng qua cac chuong trinh, chinh sdch hfl trp phdt trifln kinh tfl - xa hpi. Khi ha tang giao thflng ngay mot hodn thien, he thflng trudng ldp ciing dupe hinh thanh, vuom tdi tan cdc thfln bdn ciia ngudi Raglai. Vdi chinh sach ho trp kinh phi, ede trudng npi trii va ban trii cap huyen, tinh Cling duoc dau tu xdy dung. Tir sir ddu tu ve gido due, trinh dp nhan thiic, tu duy ciia ngudi dan, nhdt la thfl he trfl vfl phan cflng lao dpng, vfl gidi da cfl sir cai thien dang ke.

Thuc trang va xu huomg phdn tdch gia dinh lom, tir dai gia dinh mdu he thanh tiflu gia dinh mdu he la mpt nguyfln nhan khflng the bo qua. Theo ket qua khao sat, sfl gia dinh gom hai the he vdi sfl thanh vifln dudi 4 nguoi chiem 66% sfl hd, trong khi hfl cd sfl thanh vifln tir 5-10 ngudi la 33,5%, sfl hd CO 10 thanh vien la 0,33%, hp cfl 13 thdnh vifln la 0,16%. Trong sd hp diflu tra, co toi 74,7% hp nam gidi diing tfln chu hp, cfln Iai 25,3% ehu hfl la nu gidi. Chinh viec phdn tach tieu gia dinh da gflp phdn lam giam boi quyfln li;e ngudi dan ba Ion tufli trong gia dinh.

Su dnh hudng cua truyfln thflng (phdt dianh, truyfln hinh, bdo, mang Internet...), eua sir giao luu va tiep xiic van hfla giira ngudi Raglai vdi ngudi Kinh eung la mpt nguyfln nhan quan trpng tao nfln nhiing thay dfli tich cue trong phdn cflng lao dflng, trong quyet dinh cac cong viec lom giiia ngudi chong va ngudi v p trong gia dinh nguoi

Thdng Kn lUioa hpc xa hOi. so 10.2012 Raglai. Chfl dp mau he eiia hp dang dupe

giao thoa vdi tinh phu quyfln hong gia dinh ngudi Kinh, gdp phdn tao nen nhung sac mau mdi vd sir binh ddng tuong dfli trong mfli quan he vp - chflng d tpc ngufli nay.

Nhu vay, trinh dp hpc vdn, nhan thiic dupe ndng cao, co hfli nghfl nghiep dupe md rpng, su phdn tach thanh tiflu gia dinh,...

Id nhirng tifln dfl ddn dfln su thay dfli vai trd quyflt dinh trong gia dinh ciia ngudi Raglai.

Trong su thay dfli do, xu hudng binh dang gidi ngdy cang dupe khdng dinh. Thay vi quyfln quyet dinh hodn toan thupc vfl ngudi phu nii (ba chii nha) nhu trudc day, tiflng nfli cua ngudi ddn flng dang ngay cang dupe coi trpng.

5. Ket l u | n

Nguoi phu nir Raglai trudc day du dupe trpng vpng nhung do phai diing ddu trong mpt gia dinh ldn, hp phai ganh vac, lo toan, sap xep mpi cflng viec lom nhfl.

Nhin nhan tir mpt sfl chieu eanh cu thfl, kflt qud khdo sat cho thdy, dudi tac dpng ciia qua trinh giao luu vd hpi nhap, vi tri, vai tro, quyfln lire cua cac thanh vifln, nhat la ciia ngudi vp, ngudi chong trong gia dinh da CO su thay dfli dang kfl, theo xu huomg dang khich Ifl, dfl la su bdn bac, sfl chia giiia hai vp chflng, huomg tdi su binh ddng gidi cua xd hfli hien dai. Hoae ngudi vp hoac ngudi chflng tu ra quyflt djnh chiflm ty le khflng nhieu. Quyfln luc ciia phu nii Raglai khflng con dflc tfln nhu trudc day. Su "phdn cong lai" nay hoan toan mang tinh hop Iy va ciing la xu hudng tdt yflu cua xa hpi hien dai. Khi eo su chia se quyfln lue thi mdi cfl the hudng tdi dupe su binh ddng gidi, han che nhiing quyflt dinh thiflu sir ddn chii, khach quan va ciing Id co sd quan trpng dfl

mfli tfl bao trong xa hpi ngdy cang bfln chat, hanh phuc a

Tai lieu tham khao

1 Ban Chi dao Tong dieu tra Ddn sfl va Nha d Trung uong (2009), Tong Dieu tra Ddn so vd Nhd a Viet Nam ndm 2009: Ket qud todn bo, Nxb. Thflng ke, HaNoi.

2. Phan Xudn Bifln (ehii bien, 1998), Vdn hoa vd xd hpi nguai Raglai a Viet Nam, Nxb. Khoa hpc xa hpi. Ha Npi.

3. Vu Thi Ctic (2007), "Vdn dfl thu nhap vd quyen quyet dinh trong gia dinh nflng thfln hien nay". Tap chi Nghien cuu Gia dinh vd Giai, so 6, tr. 41-52.

4. Tran Thi Thanh Loan (2016), "Cdc yeu td tac dpng dfln quyen quyet dinh ciia phu nii trong chi tieu gia dinh", T?p chi Nghien cuu Gia dinh vd Giai, sfl 6, fr. 54-67.

5. Vii Dinh Mudi (2015), Bien doi kinh te - xd hpi cua ddn tpc Ra-glai 1980- 2014, Tu lieu thupc dfl tdi cdp co sfl (cap Vifln), Vifln Dan tpc hpc, Vien Han Idm Khoa hpc xa hpi Viet Nam.

6. Dang Thanh Nhan (2015), "Quyfln quyet dinh eiia ngudi vp trong vi?c giao due vd eham sdc con cai trong gia dinh". Tap ehi Nghien cuu Gia dinh va Giai, sd 6, tr. 48-56.

7. Nguyfln Thi Thanh Thiiy (2011), Sv tham gia vd quyen quyet dinh cua phu nit nong thon trong gia dinh vd xa hpi (Nghien cuu truang hpp phu nir dang tham gia trong he thong chinh trf casa tgi 4 xd cua tinh Thanh Hoa), Luan an tifln sT Xa hpi hpc, Hpc vien Khoa hpc xa hpi, Vien Khoa hpc xa hpi Viet Nam.