TAP CHi KHOA HOC VA C 6 N G NGHE - SO 4 - TRLfONG B A I HOC PHAM VAN B p N G
THIET KE HO SO BIEN T C VA CAC DU" AN TRONG DAY HOC VAN HQC ANH VA VAN HQC MY
Trdn Thi Mai Bao">
TOM TAT
Xudt phdt tic nhang uu diim cua phuang phdp day hpc theo du dn vd hd so diin tie (HSBT) chung tdi thiit ki HSBT di ddng tdi cdc du dn dqy hgc hpc phan Vdn hpc Anh vd Vdn hoc My (VHAM) cho sinh vien (SV) chuyin ngdnh tiing Anh tai Trudng Bai hoc Pham Vdn Ddng Su kit hop giiia viic thiit ki HSDT vd lap cdc ki hoach du dn gidp cho SV xdy dung ke hoach hpc tap ngay tie ddu khda, chit dpng thuc hien cdc hoat ddng hpc tap vd tu diiu chinh viic hpc cua bdn thdn thdng qua tif ddnh gid vd sif ddnh gid cua cdc SV khde trong lop vd cua GVve sdn phdm hpc tap cu thi.
l . M d D A U
Viec hpc la mot chu ttinh khep kin tir viee xac lap mue dich, qua qua ttinh thuc hien va co tinh den vai tro nhan xet cua nguoi day. Sau kiii dugc nhan xet nguoi hpc lai tao cho minh mpt hudng phan dSu mdi vdi nhung k6 hoach cy thS. Vdi chu ttinh hpc tap n4y H6 so dien tir (HSDT) gdp phan tich c\rc cho viec day hpc of bac dai hpc them hieu qua, dac biet ttong th^ ky 21.
2. TBltl KS HO SO DIEN TVi VA CAC D\J AN TRONG DAY HOC VAN HQC ANH VA VAN HQC MY 2.1. Ho sc dien tir va phuwng phap h^c theo du an
2.1.1. Ho sa di|n tu
HSDT (ePortfoIio) la Ioai h6 so su dyng cdng nghe dipn tii, cho phep nhiing nguoi xay dung hS so thu thap va 16 chiic cac san phdm dudi dang nhieu loai phuong ti$n truySn fliong (am thanh, video, dd hpa, van ban). Mot HSDT khdng phai la mpt bp suu t$p Ipn xOn cac san phim (vi dy mpt s6 Iiru niSm ky thuat sB hojc m^t bii thuyet
trinh da phuofng tien) ma la mpt eong cu phan anh su phat triin theo thoi gian [3].
HSDT da dupe trien khai ling dung trong liiih vuc giao due tai Viet Nam. Co thS k8 ddn la Trin Thanh Himg (BChoa Ngoai ngii, Dai hpe Da Lat), Duong Thi Minh Man (Khoa Ngoai ngu, Trucmg Dai hpc Quang Nam), TrSn Nii Mai Thy, (WOB Viet Nam).
HSDT ma chiing toi thilt kl la Ioai HSDT eho GV phue vu viec d^y hpc hpc phin VHAM. HSDT nay dupe thilt kl nham:
Gidi thieu nhiing ket qua nghien eiiu, nhirng tai lieu dupe tim toi, suu tam, lua chpn can thiSt cho qua trinh day hpc hpe phan VHAM;
- Gidi thipu ke hoach hpc tSp, san phim eiia SV lien quan den hpc phan VHAM;
- Tich cue hoa nguoi hpc thong qua viee gidfi thi^u eac du an hpc tap, cae nguon tai li|u tham khao phong phii, da dang, nguyen ban, ... ve hpc phan VHAM.
TAP CHi KHOA HOC VA C 6 N G NGHg - SO 4 - TRUCyNG OAI HOC PHAM VAN OpNG 2.1.2. Phuorng phap du- an
Dinh hudng day hpc theo phuong phap du an nhan manh vai trd ciia ngudi hpc, day "la mdt md hinh day hoc lay hpc sinh lam trung tam. Nd giiip phat triin kien thiic va cac ky nang lien quan thdng qua nhiing nhiem vu mang tinh md, khuySn khich hpc sinh tim tdi, hien thuc hoa nhiing kiSn thiic da hpc trong qua trinh thirc hipn va tao ra nhimg san pham cua chinh minh".
Day chinh la mdt trong nhung khai niem ve mdt phuang phap hpc cd ten gpi la Phuong phap du an (Project-based Learning).
Chuong trinh day hpc theo du an duoc xay dung dua tren nhiing cau hdi dinh hudng quan trpng, long ghep cac chuan ndi dung va tu duy b$c cao trong nhung bdi canh thuc t6.
Nguon:
http://educate, intel. com/vn/ProjectDesign/
Design/Project_Design.htm
Nhin chung, phuong phap du an cd ba dac diem cot loi la dinh hudng ngudi hpc, dinh hudng thuc tiin va djnh hudng san phim. Xu5t phat tu nhiing dac didm nay chung tdi tien hanh thiSt kS k6 hoach day hpc hpc phin VHAM.
2.2. Cac dijr an day hQC hpc phan Van hoc Anh va VSn hpc My
2.2.1. Gidi thieu ten Dy an Vi?c xay d\mg ndi dung Du an day hpc hpc phin VHAM tap trung chu ydu vao khSu lap kg hoach du an (gdm 04 budc).
Du an chiing tdi thigt kd cd ten gpi \k:
"Tim hiiu v^ van hpc Anh va v3n hpc My", gdm 2 du an thanh phin:
Du an 1: Van hpc Anh, gdm 12 tieu du an, mdi tieu dii an lien quan den mdt tac gia trong giao trinh English Literature [7].
Du an 2; Van hpc My^, gdm 15 tieu dy an, mdi tieu du an lien quan den mpt tac gia trong giao timk American Literature [6].
2.2.2. L^p ke hoach Du- an Budc 1. X^c dinh muc tiSu hpc tSp - Tim hieu ve VHAM qua cac giai doEin, nghia la phai xac dinh:
- Dac diem chinh ve hoan canh lich sir, chitlh tri, xa hpi, kinh te,...;
- Tieu su so lupc ciia timg tac gia (than the, su nghiep,...);
- Ten tac pham tieu bieu ciia vai tac gia tieu bieu thupc timg giai doem VH.
- Tim hieu gia tri npi dung va nghe thu^t cua mpt vai tac pham.
Muc tieu cua Du an "Tim hieu ve VHAM' cung chinh la muc tieu cua 02 d\i an: Du an 1 (Van hpc Anh) va Dy an 2 (Van hpc My).
Bu&c 1.1. Xdc dinh chudn kien thuc + Bidt thu th^p thdng tin khai quat vS tumg giai doan VHAM;
+ Cd kiln thuc vd than thd, s\r nghiep cua mpt so tac gia tieu hidu; cd thdng tin v^
npi dung, hoan canh ra ddi ciia mpt so tac phim ndi tidng thudc mot giai doan VH cy thd;
+ Biet giai thich anh hudng cua hoan canh lich sii d^i vdi tac phim, tac gia cy thd;
+ Biet phan tich cd phe phdn va th^
luan vg cdc van ban VH cii the;
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TAP CHi KHOA HOC VA C 6 N G NGHE - s O 4 - TRU-J^NG DAI HOC PHAM VAN B 6 N G
+ Viet dupe mdt bai phan tich ve ndi dung, chii dS, ngu dieu, hidu tupng, nhan vat, ... ciia truypn ngin, bai tha, trich doan van xudi, kich, bai tha,... cu t h i
Bu&c 1.2. Xdc dinh chudn ky ndng -*- Trinh bay san pham nghien ciiu trudc lap;
-I- Xay dung va lua chpn mot sd cau hdi, hoac mdt sd chu de lien quan den ndi dung vira trinh bay de ctmg thao luan tai Idp;
+ Tham gia thao luan ve cac vSn d6 lien quan den npi dung bai trinh bay;
+ Viet bao cao trinh bay nhung suy nghT ve cac doan trich, tac pham, doan phim,...da dpc, da xem;
+ Viit bai luSn phan tich ve mdt chii de lien quan den ndi dimg da hpc.
Budc 1.3. Xac dinh chuan thai dp + Hpc phai thdng qua thuc hanh.
+ Hpc chi dat hipu qua cao thdng qua tu kham pha.
+ Cd 3^ thiic van dung cac kien thiic da hpc vao thuc tien viec hpc tieng Anh.
Bydc 2. Thilt l^p Bd c^u hdi khung Mdi tiiu d\r an se tap trung tra loi nhiing cau hdi sau:
- Tiiu du an lien quan den tac gia nao?
- Tac gia nay thupc giai doan VH nao?
- Tdc gia nay cd nhiing dac diem ndi bat nao vl than thi, s\r nghiSp?
- Nhiing dSc diSm n^o ve hodn canh cua lich su, vl than the cd anh hudng den cupc ddi va s\r nghifp ciia tdc gid nay?
- Tac gid nay cd nhung tac phdm nao, tdc phim nao ndi tiing nhdt?
- Tai sao tac gia, tac pham nay nli tiing?
- Trinh bay nhiing nhan xet ve tac gid, tac pham dang de cap.
Tdc gia dang de cap cd tdc pham nao dupe dich sang tiing Viet?
Tdc gid dang de cap cd tdc phim ndo duac dung thanh phim? ...
Tuy nhien, mdt so tieu du dn cdn cd them nhiing yeu cau cin thuc hien khac.
Nhiing du an cd them mdt so yeu cau sau day duac xep vao Nhdm nhiSm vu 2 (Group 2). Nhung yeu cau bd sung ciia Nhdm nhiem vu 2 tap trung vao mot van ban VH trpn ven cu the (tha, truyen ngan, kich, tieu thuyet). Yeu cau ciia Nhdm nhiem vu 2 cd the la:
- Trinh bay nhiing dac diem ciia nhan vat chinh vd mdt sd nhan vat khac.
- Trinh bay nhung dac diem ve npi dung va nghe thuat ciia tdc pham.
- Tdm tit va ke lai npi dung ciia tac pham.
- Thuc hien cac bai t ^ nham ren luyen ky nang ngdn ngu.
- Trinh bay suy nghi ve mpt sd chu de ciia tac pham.
- Thao l u ^ vl mpt sd chii dl phu hpp.
Budc 3. L^p ke hoach danh gid Bu&c 3.1. Ddnh gid sinh vien qua cdc bdi tap duoc giao
SV phai thuc Men 03 loai bdi tap sau:
+ Bai tap 1: Bai trinh bay + Bdi tap 2: Bai kilm tra (dang viit, trie nghiem,...)
+ Bai tdp 3: Bai thu hoach cudi khoa.
Yeu cdu cu the;
TAP CHi KHOA HOC VA C 6 N G NGHE - S6 4 - TRU-QNG DAI HOC PHAM VAN D O N G + Bai tap 1: Thuyet trinh trudc lop vl
tac gia va tac pham da lira chpn cd su dung powerpoint vd cac thiet bi hd tro khde.
+ Bai tap 2: Bai viet ve cac chii de yeu ciu, bai kiem tra ve tieu sir, su nghiep sdng tac,...SV thuc hien va nop bai qua email cho GV theo thdi gian quy dinh.
+ Bai tap 3: Bp suu tap ve thdng tin lien quan den tac gia, cac tac phim, cdc bd phim lien quan vd bai viet ve tac gia hogc tdc pham yeu tiiich. Bg suu tap luu dudi dang file dien tir va nop vao cudi khoa.
Bu&c 3.2. Ddnh gid sinh viin qua cdc tiiu chudn khac
+ Thdi gian: Nop bai dung han.
+ Ndi dung: Theo yeu cau cua timg kieu bai tap.
+ Hinh thiic: Logic, khoa hpc, sang tao, biet img dung cac phan mim tin hpc...
Bu&c 3.3. Bdnh gid sinh viin theo qud trinh
+ Tao hop thu dien tir, forum hoac blog de trao ddi giua cdc SV cimg du an, cimg lap va giiia GV vd SV.
+ Thilt kl mdu phieu nhan xet, rubric ddi vdi mdi dang bai tap. Tieu chi nhan xet dupfc thSng bao trudc mdi khoa hpc. SV cd the nhdn xet lan nhau va nit kinh nghiem sau mdi phdn trinh bay.
+ Thiet ke nhiing bai trie nghiem danh cho SV sau khi nghe trinh bay xong mdt tieu du an.
+ SV dupe khuyin khich diiu khiin mdt budi thao luan ve tiiu du an cua bdn than: tir thilt kl ndi dung, hinh thiic cac
slide, tao hieu ling vl am thanh, hinh dnh den cdc philu hdi, can hdi trac nghiem, de tdi thao ludn, nhiing phin qua danh cho ngudi tham gia thdo luan, trd Idi cdu hdi,...
Bu&c 3.4. Ddnh gid dong ddng niu sinh viin ldm viic nhom
Danh gia ddng ding cdng vipc nhdm theo Cdng cu 1 (He sd ddnh gid ddng ding cdng viec nhdm) va Cdng cu 2 (Chia cho mdt sd) theo tai lieu tap huan Mo-dun Danh gid day hpc tich cue cua Td chiic WOB (NXB DH Qudc gia Ha Npi).
Birdc 4. Thiet ke cac hoat dpng Bu&c 4.1. Xdy dung tinh huong tgo nhiiu CO hpi hpc tap
+ Chuang trinh hpc tap toan khoa duac giri cho SV trudc khoa hpc. SV lira chpn tieu du an phu hpp de thuc Men hoac phdi hpp vdi SV khac de cimg thuc hien.
+ Tdi lieu hoc tap duac gidi thieu dudi nhieu hinh thiic: sach, tai lieu pho t6, dac biet la nhiing trang web cd thdng tin lien quMi.
Bu&c 4.2. Xdy dung cdc nhiem v^ hpc tap khde de trd led cdc cdu hoi khung, lien h$
duoc v&i cupc song ben ngoai Idp hpc vd giai quyit mpt so vdn di cua cupc song thuc
+ Thao luan ve nhimg tinh huong trong tac phim (cd lien he thuc tl).
+ Ddng kich.
+ Tap xur ly tinh hudng trong cdc tac pham dang nghiSn cuu.
2.3. Thilt ke H 6 sof difn tir
Npi dung vd myc dich thilt kl tiing HSDT tdp trung vao nhiing trang sau:
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TAP CHi KHOA HOC VA C O N G N G H E - S O 4 - TRU'Q'NG DAI HOC PHAM V A N B 6 N G
Announcement: Trang thdng bao ve ke hoach hpc tdp, nhiing thdng tin mdi can thilt cho khda hpc, cho SV.
About me: Trang gidi thieu ve ban than tdc gid.
Assignment: Trang gidi thieu cac bai tap lien quan din hpc phin VHAM da thuc hien cua cdc khda, cung nhu chia se nhung hudng din hoc tap, cac tdi lieu hd trp hpc t^p khac.
Library: Trang nay duac xem nhu mdt thu vien dien tii gdm cac sach, tai li$u tham khao, cac bai viet ve chii de lien quan den hpc phan.
My Articles: Trang luu tru nhung bai viit, bdi nghien ciiu, ....cua tdc gia lien quan den hpc phdn.
Students' Eportfolios: Trang ndy duac thilt kl nhdm kit ndi nhung HSDT cua SV cdc khda vdi nhau nhu la mdt
cdng ddng hpc tap noi SV co the trao ddi va chia se kinh nghiem hpc tap hpc phin nay cung nhu cdc hpc phdn khac trong khda dao tao.
Teaching Material: Day la trang quan trpng nhat duac thiet ke vdi nguon tai nguyen hpc tap phong phii theo tirng tieu du dn thudc hai hpc phan VHAM.
2.3.1. N$i dung cua H6 sa di^n tO-1 https://sites.google.com/site/maidao2410 HSDT sd 1 gidi thieu tdng quat ve tung tdc gia, cac tdc pham kem theo cac lien kit cin thiet den cdc trang ben ngoai.
Hd sa nay gom tai lieu day hpc, truy cap tai trang Teaching Material. Npi dung day hpc hpc phin VH Anh dupe trinh bay tai trang English Literature (hinhl). Ndi dung day hpc hpc phin VH My dupe trinh bdy tai trang American Literature (hinh2).
flinh 1. Trang English Literature Hinh 2. Trang American Literature
TAP CHi KHOA HQC VA C 6 N G N G H E - S 6 3 - TRU'ONG DAI HQC PHAM V A N D 6 N G
Trong trang English Literature gdm cd 12 trang thdnh phai duac dat tiieo ten ciia 12 tdc gia thudc nen VH Anh duac sap theo thli tu bang chir edi, duac xip d cudi trang. Mdi trang thanh phan trinh bay ve mdt tac gia trong du an (hinh3). Tuong tu,
trong trang American Literature gdm cd 15 trang thanh phdn dupe dat ten ciia 15 tac gid thudc nin VH My dupe sap theo thxt tu bdng chii cai. Mdi trang thdnh phdn trinh bay ve mot tac gid trong dy dn (hinh4)
Hinh 3. Tin trang thdnh phdn cua Du dn Vdn hoc Anh
Vdn hpc My
Trang cua mdi tdc gid dupe dang tdi nhiing npi dung cd dpng, can thilt cho qua trinh tim kiem thdng tin cua SV. Han nua, tai trang nay SV cd thi lien kit tdi cdc trang khde cd npi dung lien quan theo nhung lien kit gpi y. Ngoai ra, lien quan den tdc gid nay cdn cd nhung tai lieu khde duac dang tdi d cudi trang. Mot sd tdi lieu lien quan din timg tdc gia ciing cd thi tim thdy d HSDT so 2.
Ngoai ra, nhiing hudng din giiip SV hpc tdt hai hpc phin VHAM cung dupe dang trong HSDT sd 1 tai trang Study Guide, hoac trang Assignments.
23.2. Ndi dung cua HS so' dien tu so 2 https://sites.google.eom/a/pdu.edu.vn/trant himaidao/
Npi dung cua HSDT s6 2 gdm cac tai lieu hd tra hpc tap va giang day cac tieu du an nhu da trinh bay. Nhiing tdi lieu nay gdm cd cdc tdc phdm nguyen ban, cac video clip gidi thieu ve cdc phim duoc chuyin thi tir tac phim van hpc ndi tiing, cac hudng dan hpc t^p, cdc cdu hdi thao luan, cau hdi trac nghi$m, ...
Nhung tdi U?u ho trp nay ciing dupe tim thiy d trang Teaching Material duac bl tri theo tiing tdc gid, thudc Dy an 1 hoac 2.
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_ ^ J ^ C H i KHOA HOC VA C 6 N G NGHE - SO 3 - TRLf&NG DAI HOC PHAM VAN D O N G
2.3.3. Ho SOT dien tir so 3 https://sites.google.com/a/pdu.edu.vn/let-s- share/
San phjm tieu biSu ciia SV dupe gidi thieu theo Idioa hpe, cu thfc Khoa 2008 - 2012 ( % DTA08), khoa 2009 - 2013 (Idp DTA09).
Npi dung cac bai tap gdm 03 bai tap theo quy dinh: Bai trinh bay (dudi dang power pomt), Bp siru tap cac tai lieu ve tae gid, tac pham va Bai viet ve cam nhan ciia sinh vien doi vdi tac gia, nhan vat hoac tac phSm da hpc.
Cac san pham nay dupe dang d trang Assignments in Literature tiiy theo Du an va cae tieu du an ciing nhu theo khoa hpc.
3. KET LU4J>f
Vdi cong cu thife kS tren google sites, chiing toi thilt k6 HSDT trong day hpc hpc phin VHAM che SV chuyen nganh tiSng Anh tai Truong Dai hpc Pham Van Ddng.
NSi dung ciia cac hpc phin VHAM ciing da dupe xay dung thanh nhftng du an day hpc tren co so cua phucmg phap day hpc theo du an. Su kSt hpp giiia HSDT va phuong phap day hoc theo du an hy vpng giup cho SV each hpe tich cue va chii dpng, dinh hudng cho SV tao ra san pham cu the ciia timg bai hpc. HSDT nay eiing la noi luu tru, chia se eac tai heu hpc tap che SV trong qua ttinh hpc tap theo hpc ch6 tin ehi.
TAI LIEU THAM KHAO
[ I ] Bp Giap due va Dao t^o, Du an Viet Bi, Day vd hoc tich cue - Mdt sd phuong phdp vd ky thudt day hpc, NXB DH Su pham, (2010).
[2] Barrett, H. White Paper: Researching Electronic Portfolios and Learner Engagement (2003).
[3] Bairett, H. White Paper: Researching Electronic Portfolios and Learner Engagement - Produced for TaskStream, Inc as part of the REFLECT Initiative.
Available online httD://eIectronicDortfohos.org/reflect/whitenaner.ndf. (2005).
[4] Barrett, H. Using Electronic Portfolios for Classroom Assessment. Connected Newsletter. 13:2, pp. 4-7, (2006).
[5] Barrett, H. Researching Electi-onic Portfolios and Learner Engagement: The REFLECT Initiative. Electtonic Portfoho issue, Journal of Adolescent and Adult Literacy (Intemational Reading Association). 50:8, pp. 436-449, (2007).
[6] Dinh Thi Minh Hi6n, American Literatiere, NXB Giao d\ic, (2003).
[7] NguySn Chi Trung, English Literatiire, NXB Giao due, (2002).
TAP CHi KHOA HQC VA CONG N G H E - SO 3 - TRU'ONG DAI HOC PHAM V A N D O N G
DESIGNING ELECTRONIC PORTFOLIOS FOR TEACHING PROJECTS IN THE ENGLISH AND AMERICAN LITERATURE MODULES
Tran Thi Mai DaJ'^
ABSTRACT
Starting from the advantages of Project-Based Learning, and Electronic Portfolios (Eportfolios), we designed Eportfolios for teaching projects in the English Literature and American Literature modules for students of English at Pham Van Dong University. The combination of the Eportfolios and projects helps the students right from the beginning of their academic courses. They actively implement learning activities and self-regulate their own learning about specific learning products through self-assessment, evaluation fr-om the other students in the class, and from their teacher.
•^^'Phdng Quan ly khoa hoc vd Hap tac qudc te, Trudng Dai hpc Pham Van Ddng;
email: [email protected]
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