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PHATTRIEN C O N G T A C D A O T A O NGHE TRONG BOI CANH HOI NHAPQUOCTE
VO THj MINH THU
Nhdmg ndm qua, hi thong cdc cd sd dgy nghi, cdc trUdng cao ddng vd trung cdp chuyen nghiep dd (6 nhdng budc phdt triin viquy mo, tUng bU&c Sdp dng dUUcnha cdu cda thj trUdng lao Song. Tuy nhiin, Sdng trUdc mgt thj trUdng lao ddng thay Soi nhanh chdng tiong qud trinh phdt triin kinh tivd hdi nhdp quoc ti, chdtlugng nguon nhdn lUc vd he thong cdc casd gido due nghi nghiip van chua ddp Ung SUdc nhu edu xd hpi. Si khde phuc nhihig hgn ehi ndy, edn phdi cd gidi phdp todn dien vd Song bp cbo viec ddo tgo lUc lugng lao dpng chat lugng cao.
Titkhda: TrUdng dgy nghi, casd gido due, gido due nghi nghiip, thi trddng lao ddng, bdi nhdp quoc te
DEVELOPING VOCATIONALTHAINING IN THE CONTEXT OF INTERNATIONAL INTEGRATION Vu Thi Minh Thu
In recent years, the system of vocational training institutions, colleges and professional secondary schools has made great progress in terms of scale, gradually meeting the needs of the labor market and international integration. However, in the context of rapid labor market changes in the process of economic development and international integration, the quality of human resources and the system of vocational education institutions have not yet met social needs. To overcome these limitations, comprehensive and comprehensive solutions for high-Cjuality workforce training are needed.
Keywords: Motional school, edueotionalinstitution, intermediate, labor market, international integration
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Ngdy nhgn bdi: 18/5/2020 Ngdy hodn thiin bien tdp: 29/5/2020 Ngdy duyet dang: 10/6/2020 ThUc trang c o n g tdc d a o t a o n g h e trong b6i cdnh hdi nhap quoc t e
Kit qud viphdt triin itdo tgo nghi
N h u n g n a m qua, h e thong eae co sd dgy nghe, cac t n r d n g t r u n g cap ehuyen nghiep va cao d d n g d a cd nhirng b u d c phdt trien ve quy mo, timg b u d e d d p iing d u p c n h u cau ciia thj t n r d n g lao d p n g vd hpi n h g p quoe
te. So lieu thdng k i eho thay, cd n u d e hien ed 1.989 co sd gido dye nghe nghiep (GDNN); cac tinh, thanh pho tryc thupc Trung u o n g d e u da cd t r u d n g h u n g cap nghe, trung cap chuyen n g h i i p , cao dang va cao dang ngh^; da q u y hoach m a n g ludi t r u d n g chat lupng eao va cae nghe tipng dii'm quoc gia, khu vyc, quoc te theo timg CO sd GDNN, timg vimg, timg dja p h u o n g .
Chat l u p n g va hieu qua dao tgo nghe thdi gian qua ghi n h a n nhiing ehuyen bien ti'ch eye, vdi tren 75% so sinh vien tim d u p c viee lam hoae t y tgo viic lam ngay sau khi tot nghiep- So l u o n g t u y i n sinh tang hang nam.
N a m 2017, quy md t u y i n sinh tang gan gap hai lan so vdi n a m 2015. Tir n a m 2018, quy md tuyi'n sinh tang binh q u a n tir 10%-15%, Rieng cac chuong trinh dao tao chat lupng cao ludn cd k i t qua t u y i n sinh v u g t chi tiiu d u p e giao. N a m 2018, ket qua tuyi'n sinh la 176.741 sinh vien (tang 10% so vdi n a m 2017 va diiem 8% so vdi tong so tuyen sinh tren ca nudc).
Dac biet, theo d a n h gia ciia Tdng eye Giao dye n g h e nghiep, sau 5 n a m t n e n khai Quyet djnh so 761/
QD-TTg ngay 23/5/2014 p h i duyet De an "Phdt trien t r u d n g nghe chat lupng cao den n a m 2020" da mang lai dien mgo mdi cho he thong GDNN. Cdng tae quy hoach mgng ludi t r u d n g chat l u p n g eao, nghe tipng dii'm d u p c thye hien kjp thdi lam co sd cho viee chuah bj, to chuc dao tgo n h a n lyc tay nghe cao dap iing yeu cau a i a tiii trucmg tiong n u d c va quoc te,
N h i i n g chuyi'n bien tich cyc trong cdng tac d a o tgo n g h e da khdng djnh ehu trucmg phdt trien ddo tao n g h e eiia D a n g va N h a n u d c la rat diing dan, tao ra b u d c c h u y e n m a n h m e v e chat l u p n g va eo cau n g u p n n h a n lyc, d a p iing n g a y cang tot h o n n h u cau cua \ a hpi.
m
l\A6ts6kh6 khan, hgn chi
Bin eanh nhirng ket qud dgt dupe, viee trii'n khai hoat dpng GDNN, thdi gian qua, ding ggp khdng it khd khdn, hgn ehe nhu;
- Ty le lao dpng qua dao tgo nghe, nhat la lao dpng d ndng thdn cdn thap; co eaii dao tao nghe theo trinh dp va nghe dao tgo ehua dap iing dupe nhu cau xa hgi.
- Chua cd quy hpgch, dy bao nguon nhan lyc, bao gom ca nhan lye cd tay nghe cao sat vdi thj trudng lao dgng. Cac co che, ehinh sach cy the de thiic day doanh nghiip tham gia hogt dgng ddo tgo nhan lyc cd tay ngh'i cao chua hoan thien; ban than cac trudng thye hien viee trie'n khai ty chii chua ddng bg va manh me...
- Viec tuyen sinh GDNN tgi cdc trudng nghe ggp khdng it khd khan, dgc biet d nhiing ngdnh, nghe ngng nhgc dgc hai, nganh nghe nang khieu. Trien khai dao tao nghe chat lupng cao (phdt tri&i nghe tipng diem, trudng nghS chat lupng eao vd thi die'm ddo tao nghe cap dp quoc te, khu vyc theo chuong trinh chuyen giao tir nude ngoai..,) con chgm.
- Chuang tiinh, gido trinh ddo tgo nghe eon nhieu npi dung mang tinh hinh thiie, ehua dupc thudng xujen cap nhat, bd' sung eho phii hpp vdi yeu cau eua thj trudng lao dpng.
D6i mdi vd ndng cao ch^t lUdng gido due nghe nghiep trong boi cdnh hoi nhap quoc te
De khac phyc nhung ton tgi, tiep tyc dd'i mdi va nang cao chat lugng GDNN, tiong thdi gian tdi can ihye hien dong bp cac giai phap sau:
Thit nhat, tiep tyc hoan thien the ehe cho ddo tgo nghe phdt trien. Trong dd, tgp trung hoan thien dong bp he thdng vdn ban quy phgm phdp lugt ve ddo tap nghe va cac van ban quy pham phap luat khde cd lien quan; ban hanh co ehe ty chii doi vdi cae eo sd dao tao nghe cdng Igp, bdo dam tiaeh nhiem giai trinh ciia cac eo sd ddo tgo nghe.
Thie hai, dau tu cho cac eo sd dao tgo nghe chat lugng cao va eac ngdnh, nghe tipng die'm. Trong dd, ehii tipng ra sodt, sap xep eac co sd dao tgo nghe cdng lgp theo hudng nang cao hieu qua hoat dpng va gia tang ty le cdc chuong trinh dao tgo theo chuah qude te. Tang cudng cdng tdc dy bao, quy hoach va djnh hudng cdc co sd dao tgo nghe, tgp trung vdo cdc nganh, nghe ed nhu cau Idn tiong thdi gian tdi nhir cdng nghe thdng tin, du lieh va quan ly khach sgn...
TTiii' ba, ddi mdi cdng tdc quan ly GDNN. De thye hiin tdt npi dung nay, can day mgnh eai each thii tyc hdnh chinh tipng Enh vyc GDNN; phan dinh rd chirc
Smh viin tiiuehdnh mbot tai Tnfdng Coo dSngOrdOn Hd i
ndng, nhiem vy, quyen hgn, gan vdi tidch nhiem ciia CO quan qudn ly nhd nudc ve GDNN cac cap; phdn cap manh ehiic nang quan ly nhd nude cho cae bg, nganh, dia phuong.
TTiti- tif, chuah hda vd phat trii'n dpi ngu nhd gido vd can bp qudn ly GDNN. Theo dd, eae co sd GDNN can day mgnh dao tgo, boi dudng ky su, cir nhan, nghe nhan, ngudi ed ky nang ngh^ cao dd 1dm viec tgi doanh nghiep ve ky nang, nghiep vy su phgm trd thdnh nha gido GDNN.
Thu ndm, eae bp, nganh, dja phuong can thue hien ra soat, sap xep mgng ludi co sd GDNN tien co sd dy bao nhan lue theo linh vyc, dia ban quan ly theo hudng giam dau mdi, tang quy md, nang cao chat lugng vd hiiu qud dao tgo.
TTiii- sdu, eae eo sd GDNN can doi mdi ehuong trinh va cdng tac to chiic, quan ly dao tao tren co sd chuan ddu ra.
Thie bdy, phdt trien md rpng hi thong danh gia, cap chiing ehi ky ndng nghe quoc gia gan vdi eac co sd GDNN dao tao eae nghe tipng diem, eae doanh nghiep ldn. Da dang, Iinh hogt hinh thiic, cdch thiic de eo thi'
danh gia rpng rdi cae nghe. 9
Tdi lieu tham khdo:
1. Bd Chinh tri (2019), Nghi guyet sd52-NQ/TW ngdy 27/9/2019 cda Bd Chlnh tn ve mat so chd tnfong, dilnh sdch dm ddng tiiam gki eupe Cdch mgng cdng nghiip lan thdht;
2. Chinh phu (2014), Nghi quy&so 77MhCP ngdy 24/10/2014 dJaOiinb phu vf till diim dm mdi ca chi hogt ddng dS v^ a! sd gida difC dgi hgc Ong Idp gnu doan 2014-2017;
3. Thu hfdng Chinh phd (2014). Ouyit dinh sd761/IX>-TTg ngdy 23/5/^14 dia Thd hfdng Chlnh phd phi duyit De dn phdt tnin tnfdng nghe diSt luang a»
dai ndm 2020;
4. l£Qadn(2020),l}dotgonghieh6ttagngcooikipiingyiueduhdliMpvdCddi mang cdng nghiip 4.0, http://ifnMw.tapd}ia)ogsan.oig.vn/web/guest/mtiSa- story/-/assetjiublisher/V8bhp4dK3 IGf/axitetit/doo-tao-nghe-chat-luong- aK-dap-ung-yeu-cau-hm-nhi^Hia-cadHnanq-cong-n^atp-4-Q.
