١
ﭗﻴﺗﻮﻧژ ﻪﻧاددﺮﻜﻠﻤﻋيراﺪﻳﺎﭘ ونﺎﻧ مﺪﻨﮔﺐﺨﺘﻨﻣ يﺎﻫ
ﭗﻴﺗﻮﻧژ ﻞﺑﺎﻘﺘﻣﺮﺛا ﻲﺳرﺮﺑ و
ﻂﻴﺤﻣ
شور زا هدﺎﻔﺘﺳاﺎﺑ AMMI
ﻲﻧاﺮﻤﻋﺪﻴﻌﺳ
*
ﻲﺟﺎﻧﺪﻤﺤﻣﺮﻴﻣا،1
مﺪﻘﻣهدازﻞﻴﻋﺎﻤﺳاﻦﺴﺤﻣو2
3
و1 2
،ناﺮﻬﺗ،ﺪﻫﺎﺷهﺎﮕﺸﻧاد،تﺎﺗﺎﺒﻧحﻼﺻاوﺖﻋارزهوﺮﮔرﺎﻳدﺎﺘﺳاوﺪﺷراﻲﺳﺎﻨﺷرﺎﻛيﻮﺠﺸﻧادﺐﻴﺗﺮﺗﻪﺑ - اﺮﻳا
ن
3 ﺶﺨﺑﺶﻫوﮋﭘرﺎﻴﺸﻧاد- تﺎﻘﻴﻘﺤﺗ
ناﺮﻳا،جﺮﻛ،رﺬﺑولﺎﻬﻧﻪﻴﻬﺗوحﻼﺻاتﺎﻘﻴﻘﺤﺗﻪﺴﺳﻮﻣ،تﻼﻏ
هﺪﻴﻜﭼ
ﻪﺑ ﭗﻴﺗﻮﻧژلﺎﺒﻧدﻪﺑناﺮﮔداﮋﻧ ﻲﻳﺎﻫ
ﻂﻴﺤﻣﻪﻤﻫردهراﻮﻤﻫﻪﻛﺪﻨﺘﺴﻫ بﻮﺧدﺮﻜﻠﻤﻋيارادﺎﻫ
، ﺣﻼﻣﻞﺑﺎﻗ ﻪﻈ
ﺖﺑﺎﺛو .ﺪﻨﺷﺎﺑ ﺖﺧﺎﻨﺷ
ﻗد ﭗﻴﺗﻮﻧژﻞﺑﺎﻘﺘﻣﺮﺛاﻖﻴ ﻂﻴﺤﻣ×
، نﺎﻜﻣا ﺶﻨﻳﺰﮔ ﭗﻴﺗﻮﻧژ يﺎﻫ راﺪﻳﺎﭘولﻮﺼﺤﻣﺮﭘ ار
ﻲﻣﺮﺴﻴﻣ .دزﺎﺳ ﻪﺑ رﻮﻈﻨﻣ ﻲﺳرﺮﺑ يرﺎﮔزﺎﺳ
و يراﺪﻳﺎﭘ ﻪﻧاددﺮﻜﻠﻤﻋ ﻂﻴﺤﻣ ﺶﺷردنﺎﻧمﺪﻨﮔﭗﻴﺗﻮﻧژ ﻲﺳ
،ﺮﻬﺸﻧاﺮﻳا،لﻮﻓزد ،باراد،زاﻮﻫا ) ودﺎﺑآ مﺮﺧ
ﻞﺑاز لﺎﺳ ودرد(
لﺎﺳ زا ) ﻲﻋارز ﺎﺗ 1392
1394 راﺮﻜﺗ رﺎﻬﭼ ﺎﺑﺲﻴﺗﻻ ﺎﻔﻟآحﺮﻃ ﺐﻟﺎﻗ رد ( ﻪﺑ
شور ﺪﻨﺘﻓﺮﮔ راﺮﻗ هدﺎﻔﺘﺳا درﻮﻣ AMMI
ﺞﻳﺎﺘﻧ .
ﻪﻳﺰﺠﺗ زاﻞﺻﺎﺣ
،دادنﺎﺸﻧ AMMI
ﭗﻴﺗﻮﻧژ ﻞﺑﺎﻘﺘﻣﺮﺛا،ﻂﻴﺤﻣ ،ﭗﻴﺗﻮﻧژ ﻲﻠﺻاﺮﺛا ﺢﻄﺳ ردلوا ﻲﻠﺻاﻪﻔﻟﻮﻣ رﺎﻬﭼو ﻂﻴﺤﻣ ×
لﺎﻤﺘﺣا 1 ﺪﻨﺘﺴﻫ راد ﻲﻨﻌﻣ % يﺎﺑ .
ﭘ تﻼ طﻮﺑﺮﻣ ﻪﺑ ود ﻪﻔﻟﺆﻣ ﻲﻠﺻا لوا ﺮﺛا ﻞﺑﺎﻘﺘﻣ نﺎﺸﻧ داد
، ﭗﻴﺗﻮﻧژ هرﺎﻤﺷ يﺎﻫ
،17 و 20 31
وگرﺰﺑﻞﺑﺎﻘﺘﻣﺮﺛا ياراد راﺪﻳﺎﭘﺎﻧﻪﺠﻴﺘﻧ رد
ﻲﻣ ﺪﻨﺷﺎﺑ ﭗﻴﺗﻮﻧژ . هرﺎﻤﺷيﺎﻫ
،23
،21 و 8 و ﺖﺒﺜﻣ،گرﺰﺑﻞﺑﺎﻘﺘﻣﺮﺛا يارادﺰﻴﻧ25
راﺪﻳﺎﭘﺎﻧ .ﺪﻨﺘﺴﻫ ﭗﻴﺗﻮﻧژ يﺎﻫ
،2
،6
،7 و14 ﺮﺛا ﻦﻳﺮﺘﻤﻛزا28 ﺪﻧدﻮﺑرادرﻮﺧﺮﺑ ﻞﺑﺎﻘﺘﻣ
ﭗﻴﺗﻮﻧژﺎﻬﻧآﻦﻴﺑزاﻪﻛ يﺎﻫ
،2
،6 و7 14
ﭗﻴﺗﻮﻧژ ،ﻞﻛ ﻦﻴﮕﻧﺎﻴﻣ زا ﺮﺘﺸﻴﺑ دﺮﻜﻠﻤﻋ ﻦﻴﮕﻧﺎﻴﻣ ﻦﺘﺷاد ﺖﻠﻋ ﻪﺑ ﻲﻣﻮﻤﻋ يرﺎﮔزﺎﺳ ﺎﺑ ﻲﻳﺎﻫ
بﻮﺧ ﻲﻣ بﻮﺴﺤﻣ ﺪﻧﻮﺷ
ﻦﻳا رد .
يﺎﺑ ﻣ تﻼﭘ نﺎﻜ يﺎﻫ رد ﺮﻬﺸﻧاﺮﻳا و باراد ،لﻮﻓزد ﺪﻨﺘﻓﺮﮔ راﺮﻗ لوا ﺶﺨﺑ
ﭗﻴﺗﻮﻧژ ﻪﻛ هﺪﻳا
لآ نﺎﻜﻣ ﻦﻳا رد ﺎﻫ
هرﺎﻤﺷ ﭗﻴﺗﻮﻧژ
دﻮﺑ21 مودﺶﺨﺑرد . يﺎﺑ
ﭗﻴﺗﻮﻧژ تﻼﭘ ﭗﻴﺗﻮﻧژ 20
هﺪﻳا لآ نﺎﻜﻣياﺮﺑ مﺮﺧيﺎﻫ
ﻞﺑازوزاﻮﻫا ،دﺎﺑآ دﻮﺑ
ﭗﻴﺗﻮﻧژ . يﺎﻫ
،21 و 23
ﻲﺻﻮﺼﺧيرﺎﮔزﺎﺳياراد20 ﻻﺎﺑ
.ﺪﻧدﻮﺑ
:يﺪﻴﻠﻛتﺎﻤﻠﻛ ﭗﻴﺗﻮﻧژﻞﺑﺎﻘﺘﻣﺮﺛا
،يراﺪﻳﺎﭘ،ﻂﻴﺤﻣ× مﺪﻨﮔ،دﺮﻜﻠﻤﻋ
ﻪﻣﺪﻘﻣ
مﺪﻨﮔ نﺎﻧ
Triticum aestivum L.)
،( اﺬﻏ ي ﻲﻠﺻا مدﺮﻣ رد رﺎﻴﺴﺑ ي زا ﺎﻫرﻮﺸﻛ ي نﺎﻬﺟ ﻲﻣ ﺪﺷﺎﺑ و ﻚﻳﮋﺗاﺮﺘﺳالﻮﺼﺤﻣﻦﻳﺮﺘﻤﻬﻣ
نﺎﻬﺟ رد ﻲﻣ بﻮﺴﺤﻣ
دﻮﺷ صﺎﺼﺘﺧا دﻮﺧﻪﺑ ارﺖﺸﻛ ﺮﻳز ﺢﻄﺳ ﻦﻳﺮﺘﺸﻴﺑ ﻪﻛ ﺖﺳا هداد
لﻮﺼﺤﻣﻦﻳا ﺖﺸﻛ ﺮﻳزﺢﻄﺳ . 16
دوﺪﺣردﻲﻨﻌﻳﺪﺻرد ﻣﻴ218
ﻠﻴ ﻫنﻮ ﻜ ﺿارازارﺎﺘ ﻲ
ونﺎﻬﺟﺖﺸﻛﻞﺑﺎﻗ ﻟﻮﺗ
ﻴ ﺪ نآ دوﺪﺣ ﻣﻴ 600
ﻠﻴ ﻦﺗنﻮ هدﻮﺑ ﺳا ﺖ . ﺪﺻرد50
ﺿارازا ﻲ مﺪﻨﮔﺖﺸﻛﺮﻳز ﻪﺑ
ﻛ ﺎﻫرﻮﺸ ي ﻪﻌﺳﻮﺗلﺎﺣرد .درادصﺎﺼﺘﺧا
ﺮﺑﻎﻟﺎﺑناﺮﻳارد ﺪﺻرد30
زا ﺿارا ﻲ ) ﺖﺸﻛﻞﺑﺎﻗ 4
/ 6 -
رﺎﺘﻜﻫ نﻮﻴﻠﻴﻣ6 ﻪﺑ(
ﻪﻛدراد صﺎﺼﺘﺧامﺪﻨﮔ ﺎﺒﻳﺮﻘﺗ
دوﺪﺣو ﻲﺑآمﺪﻨﮔﻪﺑ نآﺪﺻرد35 ﻢﻳدمﺪﻨﮔ ﺖﺸﻛﻪﺑﺪﺻرد65
طﻮﺑﺮﻣ
ﻲﻣ ددﺮﮔ ) 3 ﻢﻬﻣﻞﺋﺎﺴﻣزا ﻲﻜﻳﻂﻴﺤﻣردﭗﻴﺗﻮﻧژﻞﺑﺎﻘﺘﻣﺮﺛا.(
هﺪﻴﭽﻴﭘو ﻪﺘﻳراوومﺎﻗرايزﺎﺳدازآﺖﻬﺟتﺎﺗﺎﺒﻧحﻼﺻارد
يﺎﻫ
ﻲﻣهﺪﺷ حﻼﺻا ﭗﻴﺗﻮﻧژ ﻞﺑﺎﻘﺘﻣﺮﺛا ﺖﻴﻫﺎﻣ زا ﻲﻫﺎﮔآ .ﺪﺷﺎﺑ
ﻪﺑ ياﺮﺑار نﺎﻜﻣاﻦﻳا ﻂﻴﺤﻣ × ﻢﻫاﺮﻓ تﺎﺗﺎﺒﻧحﻼﺻا مﻮﻠﻋ ناﺮﮔداﮋﻧ
ﻲﻣ ﭗﻴﺗﻮﻧژ ﺪﻨﻧاﻮﺘﺑ ﺎﺗ دزﺎﺳ ﺶﻴﺑﺖﻗد ﺎﺑارﺎﻫ
ﭗﻴﺗﻮﻧژ و هدﺮﻛ ﻲﺑﺎﻳزرايﺮﺗ بﺎﺨﺘﻧا ار ﻻﺎﺑ دﺮﻜﻠﻤﻋو يراﺪﻳﺎﭘ ﺮﻈﻧزا ﺮﺗﺮﺑ يﺎﻫ
) ﺪﻨﻳﺎﻤﻧ 2،6
،( ﭗﻴﺗﻮﻧژ دﺮﻜﻠﻤﻋ ،ﻂﻴﺤﻣ رد ﭗﻴﺗﻮﻧژ ﻞﺑﺎﻘﺘﻣ ﺮﺛا دﻮﺟو ﻞﻴﻟد ﻪﺑ ﻣ ﻪﻤﻫ رد ﺎﻫ
ﻂﻴﺤ .دﻮﺑ ﺪﻫاﻮﺨﻧ ﺖﺑﺎﺛ ﺎﻫ لﺪﻣ
ﻪﻔﻟﻮﻣ ﻪﺑ ﻪﻳﺰﺠﺗ و ﺲﻧﺎﻳراو ﻪﻳﺰﺠﺗ زاﻲﺒﻴﻛﺮﺗAMMI
ﻲﻣ ﻲﻠﺻا يﺎﻫ .ﺪﺷﺎﺑ
لﺪﻣ رد ﺲﻧﺎﻳراو ﻪﻳﺰﺠﺗ زاهدﺎﻔﺘﺳا ﺎﺑاﺪﺘﺑا AMMI
ﭗﻴﺗﻮﻧژﻲﻠﺻارﺎﺛآﻲﻟﻮﻤﻌﻣ ﻂﻴﺤﻣوﺎﻫ
ﻲﻣدروآﺮﺑﺎﻫ ﻪﻔﻟﻮﻣﻪﺑﻪﻳﺰﺠﺗزاهدﺎﻔﺘﺳاﺎﺑﺲﭙﺳودﻮﺷ
ﭗﻴﺗﻮﻧژ ﻦﻴﺑﻞﺑﺎﻘﺘﻣﺮﺛاﻲﻠﺻايﺎﻫ
و ﻲﻣراﺮﻗﻞﻴﻠﺤﺗوﻪﻳﺰﺠﺗدرﻮﻣﻂﻴﺤﻣ دﺮﻴﮔ
) 5 ( . ) تﺮﺒﻟا شورترذيﺎﻫﺪﻳﺮﺒﻴﻫردﻂﻴﺤﻣوﭗﻴﺗﻮﻧژﻞﺑﺎﻘﺘﻣﺮﺛاﻲﺳرﺮﺑرد،(1
٢
لﺪﻣﺖﻳﺎﻬﻧردﻲﻟودﺮﻛﻪﺴﻳﺎﻘﻣﻢﻫﺎﺑاريراﺪﻳﺎﭘﻪﻳﺰﺠﺗﻒﻠﺘﺨﻣيﺎﻫ ﺐﺳﺎﻨﻣارAMMI
ﻲﻓﺮﻌﻣيراﺪﻳﺎﭘﻪﻳﺰﺠﺗياﺮﺑشورﻦﻳﺮﺗ
.دﺮﻛ ) ﻲﻳﺎﺿر و داﮋﻧيﺪﻤﺤﻣ شورزا (7
يراﺪﻳﺎﭘ ﻦﻴﻴﻌﺗ رﻮﻈﻨﻣﻪﺑ AMMI
ﻪﻧ ردفﻻﻮﻳﭗﻴﺗﻮﻧژ ﺶﺷ
.ﺪﻧدﺮﻛ هدﺎﻔﺘﺳاﻂﻴﺤﻣ
ﻪﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣﻦﻳازاهﺪﻣآﺖﺳﺪﺑﺞﻳﺎﺘﻧﻖﺒﻃ 70
ﻪﻔﻟﻮﻣودﻂﺳﻮﺗتﺎﻌﺑﺮﻣعﻮﻤﺠﻣزا% ﺎﻜﺗﻮﺳوﺮﻓدﺎﺷﺮﻓ .ﺪﺷﻪﻴﺟﻮﺗلوا
) هدﺎﻔﺘﺳاﺎﺑ (4
شورزا يراﺪﻳﺎﭘAMMI
ﺎﺸﻧﺞﻳﺎﺘﻧ .ﺪﻧدﺮﻛﻲﺑﺎﻳزراناﺮﻳاردارمورودمﺪﻨﮔ ﭗﻴﺗﻮﻧژ22 ﻪﻛ داد ن
5 / هدادعﻮﻨﺗزاﺪﺻرد92 ﺎﻫ
لﺪﻣ ﻂﺳﻮﺗ
AMMI3
ﻲﻣ ﻪﻴﺟﻮﺗ ﻪﻛ دﻮﺷ
5 / 4 .دﻮﺑ ﻲﻄﺧ نﻮﻴﺳﺮﮔر ﻪﻳﺰﺠﺗ شور ﺮﺑاﺮﺑ ﻞﻴﻠﺤﺗ و ﻪﻳﺰﺠﺗ ﺶﻫوﮋﭘ ﻦﻳازا فﺪﻫ
ﭗﻴﺗﻮﻧژيراﺪﻳﺎﭘ لﺪﻣزاهدﺎﻔﺘﺳاﺎﺑنﺎﻧمﺪﻨﮔ ﺐﺨﺘﻨﻣيﺎﻫ
ﭗﻴﺗﻮﻧژﻦﺘﻓﺎﻳﺰﻴﻧ ويراﺪﻳﺎﭘمﻮﻬﻔﻣﺮﺘﻬﺑكرد رﻮﻈﻨﻣﻪﺑAMMI
يﺎﻫ
زارﺎﮔزﺎﺳوراﺪﻳﺎﭘ دﺮﻜﻠﻤﻋظﺎﺤﻟ
ﻪﻧاد .دﻮﺑ
شوروداﻮﻣ ﺎﻫ
ﭗﻴﺗﻮﻧژﻞﺑﺎﻘﺘﻣﺮﺛاﻲﺳرﺮﺑوﻪﻧاددﺮﻜﻠﻤﻋيراﺪﻳﺎﭘﻲﺳرﺮﺑرﻮﻈﻨﻣﻪﺑ ﻂﻴﺤﻣ ×
رد ﭗﻴﺗﻮﻧژ ﺐﺨﺘﻨﻣيﺎﻫ ﺎﻨﻣردنﺎﻧمﺪﻨﮔ
ومﺮﮔﻖﻃ
،ناﺮﻳاﻚﺸﺧ ﭗﻴﺗﻮﻧژ30
ناﺮﻤﭼ ﻢﻗر) ﺪﻫﺎﺷ ﻢﻗرودهاﺮﻤﻫﻪﺑمﺪﻨﮔ ناﺮﻤﭼو1
و راﺮﻜﺗرﺎﻬﭼ ردﺲﻴﺗﻻﺎﻔﻟآ حﺮﻃﺐﻟﺎﻗ رد (2
(ﻞﺑاز و دﺎﺑآمﺮﺧ ،ﺮﻬﺸﻧاﺮﻳا،لﻮﻓزد ،باراد،زاﻮﻫا) ﻲﺗﺎﻘﻴﻘﺤﺗ هﺎﮕﺘﺴﻳا ﺶﺷرد ﻲﻃ
) ﻲﻋارز لﺎﺳ ود 94
- ﻲﺳرﺮﺑ درﻮﻣ (1392
.ﺖﻓﺮﮔراﺮﻗ ﭗﻴﺗﻮﻧژتﺎﺼﺨﺸﻣوهﺮﺠﺷ
لوﺪﺟردنﺎﻧ مﺪﻨﮔﺐﺨﺘﻨﻣيﺎﻫ 1
.ﺖﺳاهﺪﺷﻪﺋارا ﻞﻣﺎﺷتﺮﻛ ﺮﻫ
ﻂﺧ6 و يﺮﺘﻣ6
ﻪﻠﺻﺎﻓ ﻪﺑ ﺘﻧﺎﺳ 20
ﻲ دﺎﻌﺑا .دﻮﺑ ﺮﺘﻣ ﻛ
تﺮ ﺖﺣﺎﺴﻣ و ﺖﺑﺎﺛ اﺮﺟا ﻖﻃﺎﻨﻣ مﺎﻤﺗ رد ﺎﻫ ﻛ
ﺖﺷﺎ 2 / 7
= 2 / 1
× ﺖﺷادﺮﺑ ﺖﺣﺎﺴﻣ و 6
6
= 2 / 1
× ﻪﻴﺷﺎﺣتاﺮﺛافﺬﺣرﻮﻈﻨﻣﻪﺑﻪﻛدﻮﺑﻊﺑﺮﻣﺮﺘﻣ5 .ﺪﺷفﺬﺣتﺮﻛﺮﻫيﺎﻬﺘﻧازاﺮﺘﻣﻢﻴﻧيا
سﺎﺳاﺮﺑﻲﻓﺮﺼﻣدﻮﻛناﺰﻴﻣ
زآ .ﺖﻓﺮﮔمﺎﺠﻧا كﺎﺧوبآتﺎﻘﻴﻘﺤﺗﺶﺨﺑﻂﺳﻮﺗهﺪﺷﻪﻴﺻﻮﺗيدﻮﻛلﻮﻣﺮﻓوكﺎﺧنﻮﻣ ﻣﻴ
،ﭗﻴﺗﻮﻧژﺮﻫ رﺬﺑناﺰ ردﻪﻧاد400
.ﺪﺷرﻮﻈﻨﻣﻊﺑﺮﻣﺮﺘﻣ رد
ﺎﭘﻳ نﺎ ﺮﻫ ﻋارزلﺎﺳ ﻲ و ﺲﭘ زا ﺳر ﻴ نﺪ
،لﻮﺼﺤﻣ ﻠﻤﻋ
ﻴ تﺎ ﺖﺷادﺮﺑ هدﺎﻔﺘﺳا ﺎﺑ زا
ﻛ ﺎﺒﻤ ﻳ ﻦ ﺎﻣزآ ﻳ ﺸ ﻲ مﺎﺠﻧا
ﺖﻓﺮﮔ ﻪﻳﺰﺠﺗﺖﻬﺟ. راﺰﻓامﺮﻧزايرﺎﻣآيﺎﻫ
وSAS Excel
.ﺪﺷهدﺎﻔﺘﺳا
ﺚﺤﺑوﺞﻳﺎﺘﻧ
ﭗﻴﺗﻮﻧژﻞﻛدﺮﻜﻠﻤﻋﻦﻴﮕﻧﺎﻴﻣ ﺎﻫ
مﺮﮔﻮﻠﻴﻛ5760 .دﻮﺑرﺎﺘﻜﻫرد ) لوﺪﺟ
لﺪﻣﺲﻧﺎﻳراوﻪﻳﺰﺠﺗﺞﻳﺎﺘﻧ (2 ﻪﻧاددﺮﻜﻠﻤﻋياﺮﺑAMMI
ﭗﻴﺗﻮﻧژ ﻲﻣنﺎﺸﻧارﻪﻘﻄﻨﻣﺶﺷردنﺎﻧمﺪﻨﮔﺐﺨﺘﻨﻣيﺎﻫ ﺖﺳانآزاﻲﻛﺎﺣﺞﻳﺎﺘﻧ .ﺪﻫد
ﻞﺑﺎﻘﺘﻣﺮﺛا،ﻂﻴﺤﻣ،ﭗﻴﺗﻮﻧژﻲﻠﺻاﺮﺛاﻪﻛ
ﭗﻴﺗﻮﻧژ لﺎﻤﺘﺣا ﺢﻄﺳ رد لوا ﻲﻠﺻا ﻪﻔﻟﻮﻣ رﺎﻬﭼ و ﻂﻴﺤﻣ ×
1 ﻲﻨﻌﻣ % دوﺪﺣ عﻮﻤﺠﻣ رد لوا ﻲﻠﺻا ﻪﻔﻟﻮﻣ رﺎﻬﭼ و ﺪﻨﺘﺴﻫ راد
5 / ﺶﻨﻜﻤﻫ ﺮﺑ تﺎﻌﺑﺮﻣعﻮﻤﺠﻣزاﺪﺻرد 94 ﻪﻴﺟﻮﺗ ارﺎﻫ
ﺪﻧدﻮﻤﻧ ﻲﻨﻌﻣ. ﭗﻴﺗﻮﻧژﻞﺑﺎﻘﺘﻣ ﺮﺛانﺪﺷ راد ﻂﻴﺤﻣ ×
ﻪﻳﺰﺠﺗ ﻪﺑ ﻪﺟﻮﺗﺎﺑ
يراﺪﻳﺎﭘشوريﺎﻨﺒﻣ ﺮﺑﻪﻧاد دﺮﻜﻠﻤﻋﺲﻧﺎﻳراو دﻮﺑ نآزاﻲﻛﺎﺣAMMI
ﭗﻴﺗﻮﻧژﻪﻛ ﻂﻴﺤﻣ ردﺎﻫ
ﻲﺗوﺎﻔﺘﻣ دﺮﻜﻠﻤﻋﻒﻠﺘﺨﻣيﺎﻫ
هدادنﺎﺸﻧ ار .ﺪﻧا
) لوﺪﺟ ﻪﺑﻪﺟﻮﺗ ﺎﺑ 2
ﻞﻣﺎﻋ ( ﭗﻴﺗﻮﻧژ
، 1 / وﻞﻛتﺎﻌﺑﺮﻣعﻮﻤﺠﻣ زاﺪﺻرد 12 ﻞﻣﺎﻋ
ﺰﻴﻧ ﻂﻴﺤﻣ 3
/ زاﺪﺻرد 77
ﺧﻪﺑارﻞﻛتﺎﻌﺑﺮﻣعﻮﻤﺠﻣ داد صﺎﺼﺘﺧادﻮ
ﺪﻧ ﭗﻴﺗﻮﻧژﻞﺑﺎﻘﺘﻣﺮﺛاﻪﻛﻲﻟﺎﺣرد ﻂﻴﺤﻣ×
، 3 / راﺪﻘﻣﻦﻳازاﺪﺻرد11 دﻮﺑ
ﻂﻴﺤﻣ .
ﭗﻴﺗﻮﻧژو لﺎﻤﺘﺣاﺢﻄﺳردﺎﻫ
ﻲﻨﻌﻣﺪﺻرد1 ﻲﻨﻌﻣفﻼﺘﺧا .ﺪﻧدﻮﺑراد
ﭗﻴﺗﻮﻧژﻦﻴﺑ ردراد لﺎﻤﺘﺣاﺢﻄﺳردﺎﻫ
زا نﺎﺸﻧ ﺪﺻرد1
ﭗﻴﺗﻮﻧژﻦﻴﺑفﻼﺘﺧادﻮﺟو ﻂﻴﺤﻣمﺎﻤﺗﻂﺳﻮﺘﻣردﺎﻫ
ﺶﻳﺎﻣزآيﺎﻫ .دﻮﺑ
ﻞﻜﺷ ﺎﺑ1 ي ﻪﻔﻟﻮﻣتﻼﭘ ﻞﺑﺎﻘﺘﻣﺮﺛامودولواﻲﻠﺻايﺎﻫ
ﭗﻴﺗﻮﻧژياﺮﺑار ﺎﻫ
ار ﻲﻣنﺎﺸﻧ يﺎﺑﻦﻳا .ﺪﻫد ﺎﻌﻤﺟتﻼﭘ
1 / 72 هدادرددﻮﺟﻮﻣتاﺮﻴﻴﻐﺗ% ﻪﻴﺟﻮﺗارﺎﻫ
دﻮﻤﻧ ﻪﻔﻟﻮﻣﻪﻛيرﻮﻃﻪﺑ .
) يﺮﺘﺸﻴﺑﻢﻬﺳ لواﻲﻠﺻا 1
/ 49
% ) مود ﻪﻔﻟﻮﻣزا ( 0
/ 23 اراد (% دﻮﺑ يﺎﺑرد . ﻞﻜﺷ) تﻼﭘ ﻧژ (1
ﭗﻴﺗﻮ هرﺎﻤﺷيﺎﻫ
،17 و20 31
ﭗﻴﺗﻮﻧژ .ﺪﻧدﻮﺑ يراﺪﻳﺎﭘﺎﻧ وگرﺰﺑ ﻞﺑﺎﻘﺘﻣ ﺮﺛا ياراد هرﺎﻤﺷيﺎﻫ
،23
،21 و 8 راﺪﻳﺎﭘﺎﻧ و ﺖﺒﺜﻣ ،گرﺰﺑﻞﺑﺎﻘﺘﻣﺮﺛا ياراد ﺰﻴﻧ 25
ﭗﻴﺗﻮﻧژوهدﻮﺑ يﺎﻫ
،2
،6
،7 و14 ﺪﻧدﻮﺑرادرﻮﺧﺮﺑﻞﺑﺎﻘﺘﻣﺮﺛا ﻦﻳﺮﺘﻤﻛزا28 ﭗﻴﺗﻮﻧژﺎﻬﻧآﻦﻴﺑزاﻪﻛ
يﺎﻫ
،2
،6 و 7 ﻋﻪﺑ14 ﺖﻠ
ﭗﻴﺗﻮﻧژ ،ﻞﻛ ﻦﻴﮕﻧﺎﻴﻣ زا ﺮﺘﺸﻴﺑ دﺮﻜﻠﻤﻋ ﻦﻴﮕﻧﺎﻴﻣ ﻦﺘﺷاد يرﺎﮔزﺎﺳ ﻲﺳرﺮﺑ رد .ﺪﻧﺪﺷ ﻪﺘﺧﺎﻨﺷ بﻮﺧ ﻲﻣﻮﻤﻋ يرﺎﮔزﺎﺳ ﺎﺑ ﻲﻳﺎﻫ
ﺐﺳﺎﻨﻣ ﻦﻴﻴﻌﺗ وﻲﺻﻮﺼﺧ ﭗﻴﺗﻮﻧژ ﻦﻳﺮﺗ
نﺎﻜﻣ ياﺮﺑﺎﻫ يﺎﺑﻦﻳاﻪﺑ ﻪﺟﻮﺗ ﺎﺑﺶﻳﺎﻣزآ درﻮﻣيﺎﻫ
ﻞﻜﺷ) تﻼﭘ ﭗﻴﺗﻮﻧژ (1
يﺎﻫ
،17
٣
،20
،31
،23
،21 و8 ردﻦﺘﻓﺮﮔراﺮﻗﺎﺑ25 نﺎﻜﻣردﻲﻫدﺦﺳﺎﭘﻦﻳﺮﺘﺸﻴﺑيارادﻲﻌﻠﻇﺪﻨﭼسﻮﺋر
دﻮﺧﺐﺳﺎﻨﻣيﺎﻫ ﺪﻧدﻮﺑ
ردو
نﺎﻜﻣ ﺎﺑﻲﺻﺎﺼﺘﺧايرﺎﮔزﺎﺳﻦﻳﺮﺘﺸﻴﺑ ﻊﻗاو اد اردﻮﺧ ﺐﺳﺎﻨﻣ يﺎﻫ
ﺪﻨﺘﺷ ﺶﺨﺑ . ﻪﺑ عﻼﺿاﻦﻳا ﺮﺑ دﻮﻤﻋطﻮﻄﺧ ﻂﺳﻮﺗﻪﻛ ﻲﻳﺎﻫ
هﺪﻣآ دﻮﺟو ﭗﻴﺗﻮﻧژهﺪﻨﻫد نﺎﺸﻧﺪﻧا
نﺎﻜﻣو ﺎﻫ ﺐﺳﺎﻨﻣ يﺎﻫ
ﺪﻧدﻮﺑ ﭗﻴﺗﻮﻧژﻊﻗاورد . ﻪﻛﻲﻳﺎﻫ
ﻪﺘﻓﺮﮔراﺮﻗ ساررد ﭗﻴﺗﻮﻧژﺪﻧا
يﺎﻫ
نﺎﻜﻣﺎﻳ نﺎﻜﻣياﺮﺑﺐﺳﺎﻨﻣ ﻲﻣﻲﻳﺎﻫ
ادراﺮﻗﺶﺨﺑنآردﻪﻛﺪﻨﺷﺎﺑ ﺪﻨﺘﺷ
يﺎﺑﻦﻳارد . ﻞﺧاد ﺮﻬﺸﻧاﺮﻳاوباراد،لﻮﻓزد نﺎﻜﻣتﻼﭘ
هﺪﻧﺮﺑﭗﻴﺗﻮﻧژ ﻪﻛﺖﺳاﻪﺘﻓﺮﮔراﺮﻗ لوا ﺶﺨﺑ هﺪﻳا)
(لآ هرﺎﻤﺷﭗﻴﺗﻮﻧژ نﺎﻜﻣﻦﻳارد دﻮﺑ21
ﺘﻣﺮﺛا ﺶﻨﻛاوزا ﻲﺗرﺎﺒﻋ ﻪﺑو ﻞﺑﺎﻘ
رادرﻮﺧﺮﺑ نﺎﻜﻣ ﻪﺳﻦﻳا ﺎﺑﻪﺑﺎﺸﻣ دﻮﺑ
ﭗﻴﺗﻮﻧژ ﻦﻴﻨﭽﻤﻫ . نﺎﻜﻣ ﻦﻳا ياﺮﺑﺮﻬﺸﻧاﺮﻳا نﺎﻜﻣ ﺎﺑ ﻪﺑﺎﺸﻣ ﻞﺑﺎﻘﺘﻣﺮﺛا ﻪﺑ ﻪﺟﻮﺗ ﺎﺑ ﺰﻴﻧ 23
ﺐﺳﺎﻨﻣ دﻮﺑ يﺎﺑ ﻦﻳا مود ﺶﺨﺑ رد . ﭗﻴﺗﻮﻧژ تﻼﭘ
ﭗﻴﺗﻮﻧژ ﻪﻛ دراد راﺮﻗ ساررد 20 هﺪﻳا
(ﺮﺗﺮﺑ) لآ نﺎﻜﻣ ياﺮﺑ
مﺮﺧيﺎﻫ
،دﺎﺑآ
ﻞﺑاز وزاﻮﻫا ﺖﺳاهدﻮﺑ
رد . ﻲﻄﻴﺤﻣ يﺎﻫرادﺮﺑﻦﻴﺑﻪﻳوازﻪﺑﻪﺟﻮﺗ لوا ﻲﻠﺻاﻪﻔﻟﻮﻣوديﺎﻨﺒﻣ ﺮﺑﻲﭙﻴﺗﻮﻧژ ﺶﻨﻛاو يﻮﮕﻟاﻪﻳﺰﺠﺗ
ﺖﻬﺑﺎﺸﻣ ﺮﻴﺴﻔﺗ رد ﺪﻨﻣدﻮﺳ ﻲﻄﻴﺤﻣ يﺎﻫ
هدﻮﺑ و ﻂﻴﺤﻣ ود يﻻﺎﺑ ﻲﮕﺘﺴﺒﻤﻫ هﺪﻨﻨﻛ ﺺﺨﺸﻣ ﻲﻄﻴﺤﻣ رادﺮﺑ ودﻦﻴﺑ هدﺎﺣ ﻪﻳواز
.ﺖﺳا
لوﺪﺟ
- 1 هرﺎﻤﺷ
، هﺮﺠﺷ ﻦﻴﮕﻧﺎﻴﻣو ﺗﻮﻧژ
ﻴ ﭗ ﺎﻫ ي ﺐﺨﺘﻨﻣ ﺪﻨﮔ نﺎﻧم
هﺮﺠﺷ ﻦﻴﮕﻧﺎﻴﻣ
دﺮﻜﻠﻤﻋ هرﺎﻤﺷ
ﭗﻴﺗﻮﻧژ هﺮﺠﺷ
ﻦﻴﮕﻧﺎﻴﻣ دﺮﻜﻠﻤﻋ هرﺎﻤﺷ ﭗﻴﺗﻮﻧژ
Dez/SW891882 0183
/ G17 6 Chamran
6262 / G1 5
PBW154/Falat//SW891882 2260
/ G18 5 Pishtaz/Catbird
9784 / G2 5
Dez/SW891882 9480
/ G19 4 Pishtaz/Catbird
0474 / G3 6
Chamran//2*Vee/Nac 0397
/ G20 4 Pishtaz/3/Snb"s"//Emu"s"/Tjb84-1543
8121 / G4 5
Moghan1/Dez//Chamran 1897
/ G21 6 Pishtaz//Ald"s"/Snb"s
"
9417 / G5 5
Moghan1/Dez//Chamran 9921
/ G22 5 Pishtaz/3/Jup/Bjy"s"//Kauz"s
"
9830 / G6 5
MTRWA92.161/PRINIA/5/SERI*3//RL6010/4*YR/3/PAS TOR/4/BAV92
0173 / G23 6 Pishtaz//Falat/Barakat
8691 / G7 5
CHEN/AEGILOPS SQUARROSA (TAUS)//BCN/3/BAV92/4/BERKUT 9467
/ G24 5 Pishtaz//Falat/Barakat
9493 / G8 5
FILIN/IRENA/5/CNDO/R143//ENTE/MEXI_2/3/AEGIL OPS SQUARROSA (TAUS)/4/WEAVER /6/BERKUT 6718
/ G25 5 Bow"s"/Vee"s"//1-60-3/3/MV 17/4/Zagross 5057
/ G9 5
CHEN/AEGILOPS SQUARROSA (TAUS)//BCN/3/BAV92/4/BERKUT 8447
/ G26 5 TRCH*2/3/C80.1/3*QT4118//3*PASTOR
0745 / G10 6
VEE/MJI//2*TUI/3/PASTOR/4/PRL/2*PASTOR 9656
/ G27 5 SW89.5277/BORL95//SKAUZ/3/PRL/2*PAST
OR/4/HEILO
0947 / G11 6
FRET2//SKAUZ*2/FCT/3/FILIN/2*PASTOR 6520
/ G28 5 MELON//FILIN/MILAN/3/FILIN
6628 / G12 5
SOKOLL/EXCALIBUR 6433
/ G29 5 WHEAR//2*PRL/2*PASTOR
1826 / G13 6
ALTAR 84/AE.SQ//2*OPATA/3/ SLVS/PASTOR 7293
/ G30 5 ROLF07*2/KIRITATI
1135 / G14 6
SOKOLL//SUNCO/2*PASTOR 9241
/ G31 5 ATTILA*2/PBW65/6/PVN//CAR422/ANA/5/B
OW/CROW//BUC/PVN/3/YR/4/TRAP#1/7/A TTILA/2*PASTOR
7716
/ G15 5
Chamran 2 8496
/ G32 5 PBW343*2/KUKUNA/3/PASTOR//CHIL/PR
L/4/PBW343*2/KUKUNA
5012 / G16 5
۴
ﻞﻜﺷ 1 يﺎﺑ- تﻼﭘ مودولواﻲﻠﺻاﻪﻔﻟﻮﻣود ﺮﺑ
ﭗﻴﺗﻮﻧژيا ﻂﻴﺤﻣوﺎﻫ
ﺮﺑﻲﺳرﺮﺑدرﻮﻣيﺎﻫ لﺪﻣسﺎﺳا
AMMI
References
1- Albert, M.J.A. 2004. A comparison of statistical methods to describe genotype × environment interaction and yield stability in multi-location maize trials. M. Sc. Thesis. Department of plant science, The University of the Free State, Bloemfontein.
2- Cornelius, P. L., and Crossa, J. 1999. Prediction assessment of shrinkage estimators of multiplicative models for multi-environment cultivar trials. Crop Science, 39: 998-1009.
3- Faostat database. 2014. FAO, Rome, Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, Washington. http: // faostat3.fao.org/ site/ 291/ default. aspx.
4- Farshadfar, E., and Sutka, J. 2006. Biplot analysis of genotype - environment interaction in durum wheat using the AMMI model. Acta Agronomica Hungarica, 54(4):459-467.
5- Gauch, H.G. 1992. Statistical analysis of regional trials. AMMI analysis of factorial designs.
Elsevier pub. Amsterdam, Netherlands.
6- Lin, C.S., Binne, M.R., and Lefcovitch, L.P. 1986. Stability analysis: where do we stand? Crop Science, 26: 894-900.
7- Mohammadinejad, G., and Rezai, A.M. 2005. Analysis of genotype × environment interaction and study of oat(Avena sativa L.) genotypes pattern. Journal of Science and Technology of Agriculture and Natural Resources 9(2) :77-89. (In Farsi).
لوﺪﺟ
2 لﺪﻣﺲﻧﺎﻳراوﻪﻳﺰﺠﺗ- ﭗﻴﺗﻮﻧژﻪﻧاددﺮﻜﻠﻤﻋياﺮﺑAMMI
ﻂﻴﺤﻣردمﺪﻨﮔيﺎﻫ لﺎﺳردﻒﻠﺘﺨﻣيﺎﻫ
يﺎﻫ
ﻲﻋارز ) 1394 - 1392 (
ﻦﻴﮕﻧﺎﻴﻣ %SS عﻮﻤﺠﻣ ﻪﺟرد تاﺮﻴﻴﻐﺗﻊﺑﺎﻨﻣ
تﺎﻌﺑﺮﻣ (SS) تﺎﻌﺑﺮﻣ يدازآ
8 /
1292 767 ﻞﻛ
5/5** 1056 191 رﺎﻤﻴﺗ
4/1** 12/1 128/6 31 ﭗﻴﺗﻮﻧژ
172/3** 77/3 816/6 5 ﻂﻴﺤﻣ
0/7** 11/3 119/8 155 ﻂﻴﺤﻣ×ﭗﻴﺗﻮﻧژﻞﺑﺎﻘﺘﻣﺮﺛا
1/6** 47/2 56/6 35
IPCA1
0/8** 22/2 26/6 33
IPCA2
0/5** 13/0 15/6 31
IPCA3
0/3** 8/5 10/2 29
IPCA4
0/23ns 5/1 6/2 52 (ﺰﻳﻮﻧ) هﺪﻧﺎﻤﻴﻗﺎﺑ
4 /
182 876 هﺪﺷمﺎﻏدايﺎﻄﺧ
**
و :n.s لﺎﻤﺘﺣاﺢﻄﺳرديرادﻲﻨﻌﻣﺐﻴﺗﺮﺗﻪﺑ رادﻲﻨﻌﻣﺮﻴﻏوﺪﺻرد1
-1.0 -0.5 0.0 0.5 1.0
-1.0-0.50.00.51.0
1
10 11 12
13
14 15 16
17
18 19
20 2
21 22
23 24 25
26
27 28 29
3 30
31 32 4
5 6
7
8 9
ahv az darab
dez f ul
irans hahr
horam abad
z abol
۵
Grain yield stability of the selected bread wheat genotypes and investigating the genotype interaction in the environment using AMMI method
Saeed Omrani*a, Amir Mohammad Najib and Mohsen Esmaeil Zadehc a, b : Department of Plant Breeding, Shahed University, Tehran, Iran c: Cereal Research Department, Seed and Plant Improvement Institute, Karaj, Iran Abstract
Plant breeders are looking for the genotypes that always have good, considerable and steady yield in all environments. The exact identification of genotype × environment interaction allows for the selection of high-yielding and stable genotypes. To examine the consistency and stability of grain yield, thirty bread wheat genotypes were used in six environments (Ahvaz, Darab, Dezfoul, Iranshahr, Khorramabad and Zabol) and in two crop years (from 2013 to 2015) in the form of alpha lattice design with four replications and using AMMI method. The results obtained from AMMI analysis demonstrated that the main effect of genotype, environment, genotype × environment interaction and the first four principal components are significant at the probability level 1%. Biplot of the first two principal components showed interaction. Genotypes 17, 20 and 31 have a great and thus unstable interaction. Genotypes 23, 21, 8 and 25 also have a great, positive and unstable interaction. Genotypes 2, 6, 7, 14 and 28 enjoyed the least interaction, of which genotypes 2, 6, 7 and 14 are considered as genotypes with good compatibility due to having higher yield average than the overall mean. In this Biplot, locations of Dezfoul, Darab and Iranshahr were placed in the first part and the ideal genotype in these locations is genotype 21, which enjoys the interaction reaction similar to these three locations.
In the second part of Biplot, genotype 20 is at the top and is the ideal genotype for the locations of Khorramabad, Ahvaz and Zabol. In other words, Genotypes 21, 23 and 20 have high private compatibility for their mentioned areas.
Key words: genotype × environment interaction, stability, yield, wheat
