ﻳﺎﺩﮔﻴﺮﻱ ﻭ ﺣﺎﻓﻈﻪ ﺁﺯﻣﻮﻥ ﺍﺟﺘﻨﺎﺑﻲ ﻏﻴﺮ ﻓﻌﺎﻝ ﺩﺭ ﻣﻮﺷﻬﺎﻱ ﺻﺤﺮﺍ ﻳ ﻲ ﺩﻳﺎﺑﺘﻲ

(1)

ﺭﺫﺁ ﻭ ﻱﺩ :ﻪﻟﺎﻘﻣ ﺵﺮﻳﺬﭘ ﺦﻳﺭﺎﺗ 1391

30 / 10 / 1391

ﺗ ﺮﺛﺍ ﻴ ﻛﻮﻤ ﻴ ﻥﻮﻨ ﺎﻀﻓ ﻪﻈﻓﺎﺣ ﺮﺑ ﻳ

ﻩﺎﺗﻮﻛ ﻲ ﺕﺪﻣ

، ﻲﺑﺎﻨﺘﺟﺍ ﻥﻮﻣﺯﺁ ﻪﻈﻓﺎﺣ ﻭ ﻱﺮﻴﮔﺩﺎﻳ

ﺍﺮﺤﺻ ﻱﺎﻬﺷﻮﻣ ﺭﺩ ﻝﺎﻌﻓ ﺮﻴﻏ ﻳ

ﻲﺘﺑﺎﻳﺩ ﻲ ،

ﺳﺭﺮﺑ ﻭ ﻲ

ﺴﻛﺍ ﺱﺮﺘﺳﺍ ﺶﻘﻧ ﻴ

ﺗﺍﺪ ﻴ ﻮ

ﻫ ﺭﺩ ﻴ ﭗﻣﺎﻛﻮﭙ

ﻲﺤﻟﺎﺻ ﻦﻳﻭﺮﭘ

P

1

P ،

ﺮﺘﻛﺩ ﻱﺮﺼﻧ ﺎﻤﻴﺳ ،2

ﻲﻨﻏﻭﺭ ﺩﺍﺩﺮﻬﻣ ﺮﺘﻛﺩ

*

، 3

ﻩﺪﻨﻫﺩﺭﻮﭘ ﺱﻮﻧﺍﺭﻭﺍ

، 1

ﻮﺗ ﺮﺘﻛﺩ ﺩﺮﺠﻣ ﺩﺍﮋﻧ چﻮﻠﺑ ﺖﺧﺪﻧﺍﺭ

P

4

P

1.

ﺱﺎﻨﺷﺭﺎﻛ

،ﺪﺷﺭﺍ ﻲﺳﺎﻨﺷ ﺖﺴﻳﺯ ﻩﻭﺮﮔ

، ﺭﻮﻧ ﻡﺎﻴﭘ ﻩﺎﮕﺸﻧﺍﺩ ﻥﺍﺮﻬﺗ

2 ،ﺭﺎﻳﺩﺎﺘﺳﺍ . ﻲﺳﺎﻨﺷ ﺖﺴﻳﺯ ﻩﻭﺮﮔ

، ﺭﻮﻧ ﻡﺎﻴﭘ ﻩﺎﮕﺸﻧﺍﺩ ﻥﺍﺮﻬﺗ

3 .

،ﺩﺎﺘﺳﺍ ﻘﺤﺗ ﺰﻛﺮﻣ ﻴ ﺕﺎﻘ ﻓﻭﺭﻮﻧ ﻴﺰ ﻳ ژﻮﻟﻮ ﻱ

،

،ﻲﻜﺷﺰﭘ ﻩﺪﻜﺸﻧﺍﺩ ﺪﻫﺎﺷ ﻩﺎﮕﺸﻧﺍﺩ

4 . ،ﺩﺎﺘﺳﺍ ﻱژﻮﻟﻮﻳﺰﻴﻓ ﻩﻭﺮﮔ

،

،ﻲﻜﺷﺰﭘ ﻩﺪﻜﺸﻧﺍﺩ ﻥﺍﺮﻬﺗ ﻲﻜﺷﺰﭘ ﻡﻮﻠﻋ ﻩﺎﮕﺸﻧﺍﺩ

ﻩﺪﻴﻜﭼ

:ﻑﺪﻫ ﻭ ﻪﻘﺑﺎﺳ ﻩﺍﺮـﻤﻫ ﺖﺧﺎﻨـﺷ ﻭ ﻪـﻈﻓﺎﺣ ،ﻱﺮﻴﮔﺩﺎـﻳ ﺭﺩ ﻲـﺗﻻﻼﺘﺧﺍ ﺎـﺑ ﺕﺪﻣﺯﺍﺭﺩ ﺭﺩ ﻱﺪﻨﻗ ﺖﺑﺎﻳﺩ

ﺖـﺳﺍ ﻭ ﻲﺘﺑﺎـﻳﺩ ﺪـﺿ ﺮـﺛﺍ ﻪـﺑ ﻪـﺟﻮﺗ ﺎـﺑ .

ﻲﺘﻧﺁ ﺖﻓﺮﮔ ﺭﺍﺮﻗ ﻲﺳﺭﺮﺑ ﺩﺭﻮﻣ ﻲﺘﺑﺎﻳﺩ ﻲﻳﺍﺮﺤﺻ ﻱﺎﻬﺷﻮﻣ ﻪﻈﻓﺎﺣ ﻭ ﻱﺮﻴﮔﺩﺎﻳ ﺮﺑ ﻥﺁ ﺕﺪﻣﺯﺍﺭﺩ ﺰﻳﻮﺠﺗ ﺮﺛﺍ ﻲﺳﺭﺮﺑ ﻦﻳﺍ ﺭﺩ ،ﻥﻮﻨﻴﻛﻮﻤﻴﺗ ﻲﻧﺍﺪﻴﺴﻛﺍ .

:ﺎﻬﺷﻭﺭ ﻭ ﺩﺍﻮﻣ ،ﻲﺑﺮﺠﺗ ﻪﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣ ﻦﻳﺍ ﺭﺩ

ﻲﻳﺍﺮﺤﺻ ﻱﺎﻬﺷﻮﻣ ﺮﻧ

ﻪﺑ ﺞﻨﭘ ﺎﺑ ﺭﺎﻤﻴﺗ ﺖﺤﺗ ﻝﺮﺘﻨﻛ ،ﻝﺮﺘﻨﻛ ﻩﻭﺮﮔ ) ﻥﻮﻨﻴﻛﻮﻤﻴﺗ

mg/kg

5 ( ،ﻲﺘﺑﺎـﻳﺩ ،

ﻭ ﻩﻭﺮﮔ ﻭﺩ ﺎﺑ ﻥﺎﻣﺭﺩ ﺖﺤﺗ ﻲﺘﺑﺎﻳﺩ ﻥﻮﻨﻴﻛﻮﻤﻴﺗ

) 5/

2 ﻭ

mg/kg

5 ( .ﺪﻧﺪﺷ ﻢﻴﺴﻘﺗ ﻪﺑ ﻦﻴﺳﻮﺗﻭﺯﻮﺘﭘﺮﺘﺳﺍ ﻖﻳﺭﺰﺗ ﺯﺍ ﺲﭘ ﻪﺘﻔﻫ ﻚﻳ ﺯﺍ ﻥﻮﻨﻴﻛﻮﻤﻴﺗ

ﺕﺪﻣ 5 ﺳﺭﺮﺑ ﻱﺍﺮﺑ ،ﻥﺎﻳﺎﭘ ﺭﺩ .ﺪﺷ ﺰﻳﻮﺠﺗ (ﻲﻗﺎﻔﺻ ﻞﺧﺍﺩ) ﻪﺘﻔﻫ ﺭﺩ ﺭﻮـﺒﻋ ﻦﻴـﺣ ﺭﺩ ﺮﻴﺧﺄـﺗ ﻭ ﻪـﻴﻟﻭﺍ ﺮﻴﺧﺄـﺗ ،ﺕﺎـﻧﺍﻮﻴﺣ ﻪﻈﻓﺎﺣ ﻭ ﻱﺮﻴﮔﺩﺎﻳ ﻲ

ﺑ ﺏﻭﺎﻨﺗ ﺭﺎﺘﻓﺭ ﺪﺻﺭﺩ ﻭ ﻝﺎﻌﻓ ﺮﻴﻏ ﻲﺑﺎﻨﺘﺟﺍ ﻥﻮﻣﺯﺁ ﻪ

ﺎﻀﻓ ﻪﻈﻓﺎﺣ ﺺﺧﺎﺷ ﻥﺍﻮﻨﻋ ﻳ

ﺯﺎـﻣ ﺯﺍ ﻩﺩﺎﻔﺘـﺳﺍ ﺎﺑ ﻲ ـﺑ .ﺪـﻳﺩﺮﮔ ﻦﻴـﻴﻌﺗY

ﻪ ،ﻩﻭﻼـﻋ ﻣ ـﻴ ﻥﺍﺰ

ﻥﻮﻟﺎﻣ ﺩ ﻱ ﺪﻟﺁ ﻫﻴ ﺪ ﻫ ﺖﻓﺎﺑ ﻪﻧژﻮﻤﻫ ﻴ

ﭗﻣﺎﻛﻮﭙ ﻌﺗ ﻴﻴ ﻦ ﻭ ﻱﺮﺘﻣﺍﺭﺎﭘ ﻱﺎﻬﻧﻮﻣﺯﺁ ﺎﺑ ﻭ ﺪﻳﺩﺮﮔ ﺖﻓﺮﮔ ﺭﺍﺮﻗ ﺭﺎﻣﺁ ﺕﻭﺎﻀﻗ ﺩﺭﻮﻣ ﻱﺮﺘﻣﺍﺭﺎﭘﺎﻧ

.

ﻪﺘﻓﺎﻳ :ﺎﻫ ﻲﻨﻌﻣ ﺶﻫﺎﻛ ) ﻲﺘﺑﺎﻳﺩ ﻱﺎﻬﺷﻮﻣ ﺭﺩ ﺭﻮﺒﻋ ﻦﻴﺣ ﺭﺩ ﺮﻴﺧﺄﺗ ﺭﺍﺩ

01 /0

p<

) ﻥﻮﻨﻴﻛﻮﻤﻴﺗ ﺎﺑ ﺭﺎﻤﻴﺗ ﺖﺤﺗ ﻲﺘﺑﺎﻳﺩ ﻭ ( 005

/0

p<

ﺭﺎـﻛ ﻥﺎـﻳﺎﭘ ﺭﺩ (

ﺑ .ﺪﻴﺸﺨﺒﻧ ﺩﻮﺒﻬﺑ ﺍﺭ ﺮﺘﻣﺍﺭﺎﭘ ﻦﻳﺍ ،ﺎﻫﺯﻭﺩ ﺯﺍ ﻡﺍﺪﻛ ﭻﻴﻫ ﺭﺩ ﻥﻮﻨﻴﻛﻮﻤﻴﺗ ﺎﺑ ﺭﺎﻤﻴﺗ ﻭ ﺪﻳﺩﺮﮔ ﻩﺪﻫﺎﺸﻣ ﻪ

،ﻩﻭﻼﻋ ـﺑ ﻲﺘﺑﺎـﻳﺩ ﺕﺎـﻧﺍﻮﻴﺣ ﺭﺩ ﺏﻭﺎـﻨﺗ ﺪـﺻﺭﺩ ﻪ

ﻲﻨﻌﻣ ﺭﻮﻃ ﺭﺍﺩ

ﻱ ) ﺩﻮﺑ ﻝﺮﺘﻨﻛ ﻩﻭﺮﮔ ﺯﺍ ﺮﺘﻤﻛ 005

/0

p<

ـﺑ ﻥﻮـﻨﻴﻛﻮﻤﻴﺗ ﻱﻻﺎـﺑ ﺯﻭﺩ ﺎـﺑ ﺭﺎـﻤﻴﺗ ﺖـﺤﺗ ﻲﺘﺑﺎـﻳﺩ ﻱﺎﻬﻫﻭﺮﮔ ﺭﺩ ﺮﺘﻣﺍﺭﺎﭘ ﻦﻳﺍ ﻭ ( ﻪ

ﺭﻮـﻃ

ﻲﻨﻌﻣ ﺭﺍﺩ ﻱ ) ﺩﻮﺑ ﻲﺘﺑﺎﻳﺩ ﻩﻭﺮﮔ ﺯﺍ ﺮﺘﺸﻴﺑ 01

/0

p<

،ﻦﻴـﻨﭽﻤﻫ .(

ﺎﻬـﺷﻮﻣ ﻱ ﺩ ـﻳ ﺘﺑﺎ ﻲ ـﻳ ﻚ ﺍﺰـﻓﺍ ﻳ ﺶ ـﻨﻌﻣ ﻲ ﺘﻓﺎـﺑ ﺢﻄـﺳ ﺭﺩ ﺭﺍﺩ ﻲ

ﻥﻮﻟﺎـﻣ ﺩ ﻱ ﺪﻟﺁ ﻫ ـﻴ ﺪ

) 01 /0

<

ﺎﺑ ﻥﺎﻣﺭﺩ ﻭ ﺪﻧﺩﺍﺩ ﻥﺎﺸﻧ (p

ﻻﺎﺑ ﺯﻭﺩ ﺭﺩ ﻥﻮﻨﻴﻛﻮﻤﻴﺗ ﻣﻴ

ﻥﺍﺰ ﻥﻮﻟﺎﻣ ﺩ ﻱ ﺪﻟﺁ ﻫﻴ ﺪ ﻨﻌﻣ ﺕﺭﻮﺻ ﻪﺑ ﺍﺭ ﻲ

ﺭﺍﺩ ﻱ ) 05 /0

<

( p

ﺩﺍﺩ ﺶﻫﺎﻛ .

ﻪﺠﻴﺘﻧ ﻱﺮﻴﮔ : ﺭﺩ ﺎـﻬﻧﺁ ﻱﺭﻭﺁﺩﺎـﻳ ﻪـﺑ ﻭ ﻪـﻈﻓﺎﺣ ﺭﺎـﺒﻧﺍ ﺭﺩ ﺕﺎـﻋﻼﻃﺍ ﻱﺭﺍﺪـﻬﮕﻧ ﻲﻳﺎـﻧﺍﻮﺗ ﺮﺑ ﺪﻨﭼ ﺮﻫ ﻻﺎﺑ ﺯﻭﺩ ﺭﺩ ﻥﻮﻨﻴﻛﻮﻤﻴﺗ ﺕﺪﻣ ﺯﺍﺭﺩ ﺰﻳﻮﺠﺗ

ﺕﺎﻧﺍﻮﻴﺣ ﺗ ﻝﺎﻌﻓ ﺮﻴﻏ ﻲﺑﺎﻨﺘﺟﺍ ﻥﻮﻣﺯﺁ ﺭﺩ ﻲﺘﺑﺎﻳﺩ ﺄ

ﺩﺭﺍﺪﻧ ﺮﻴﺛ

، ﺎﻀﻓ ﻪﻈﻓﺎﺣ ﺩﻮﺒﻬﺑ ﺐﺟﻮﻣ ﻲﻟﻭ ﻳ

ﻩﺎﺗﻮﻛ ﻲ ﻲـﻣ ﻲﺘﺑﺎـﻳﺩ ﺕﺎـﻧﺍﻮﻴﺣ ﺭﺩ ﺕﺪـﻣ ﻭ ﺩﺩﺮـﮔ

ﺸﺨﺑ ﻲ ﺪﻨﻣﺩﻮﺳ ﺕﺍﺮﺛﺍ ﺯﺍ ﻩﺩﺎﻣ ﻦﻳﺍ

ﺮﻃ ﺯﺍ ﻳ ﻖ ﺴﻛﺍﺮﭘ ﺶﻫﺎﻛ ﻴ

ﺳﺍﺪ ﻴ ﻥﻮ ﻟﻴ ﭙﻴ ﺪ ﻱ ﻫ ﺖﻓﺎﺑ ﺭﺩ ﻴ

ﭗﻣﺎﻛﻮﭙ ﻣ ﻝﺎﻤﻋﺍ ﻲ ﺩﻮﺷ .

:ﻱﺪﻴﻠﻛ ﻥﺎﮔژﺍﻭ ﺗﻴ

ﻛﻮﻤ ﻴ

،ﻥﻮﻨ ﺩ ﻳ ﺖﺑﺎ ﺪﻨﻗ ﻱ

، ﺳﻮﺗﻭﺯﻮﺘﭘﺮﺘﺳﺍ ﻴ

،ﻦ ﻳ ﮔﺩﺎ ﻴﺮ ﻱ

، ﺴﻛﺍ ﺱﺮﺘﺳﺍ ،ﻪﻈﻓﺎﺣ ﻴ

ﺗﺍﺪ ﻴﻮ

:ﺪﻴﻳﺎﻤﻧ ﺩﺎﻨﺘﺳﺍ ﺮﻳﺯ ﺕﺭﻮﺻ ﻪﺑ ﻪﻟﺎﻘﻣ ﻦﻳﺍ ﻪﺑ ًﺎﻔﻄﻟ

Salehi P, Nasri S, Roghani M, Poordahandeh U, Baluchnejadmojarad T. The effect of thymoquinone on short-term spatial memory, passive avoidance learning and memory of diabetic rats and the involvement of hippocampal oxidative

stress. Pejouhandeh 2012;17(5):219-27.

ﻪﻣﺪﻘﻣ

P0F

1

ﻱﺪﻨﻗ ﺖﺑﺎﻳﺩ ﻱﺭﺎﻤﻴﺑ ﻳ

ﻚ ﻥﻭﺭﺩ ﻱﺭﺎﻤﻴﺑ ﻊﻳﺎـﺷ ﺰـﻳﺭ

ﺖـﺳﺍ ﻪـﻛ

ﮕﻤـﺸﭼ ﺶﻳﺍﺰﻓﺍ ﻩﺪﻨﻳﺁ ﺭﺩ ﻲﻧﺎﺴﻧﺍ ﻪﻌﻣﺎﺟ ﺭﺩ ﻥﺁ ﻉﻮﻴﺷ ﻴﺮ

ﺪـﻫﺍﻮﺧ

ﻩﺪﻨﺴﻳﻮﻧ*

ﺴﻣ ﺆ ﻭ :ﺕﺎﺒﺗﺎﻜﻣ ﻝ ،

ﻲـﻨﻏﻭﺭ ﺩﺍﺩﺮـﻬﻣ ﺮﺘﻛﺩ ؛

ﻥﺍﺮـﻬﺗ

، ،ﺯﺭﻭﺎـﺸﻛ ﺭﺍﻮـﻠﺑ

ﻙﻼـﭘ ،(ﻩﺪـﻜﻫﺩ) ﻩﺩﺍﺯ ﷲﺍﺪـﺒﻋ ﺪﻴﻬﺷ ﻥﺎﺑﺎﻴﺧ 31

، ﻩﻭﺮـﮔ ،ﺪﻫﺎـﺷ ﻲﻜـﺷﺰﭘ ﻩﺪﻜـﺸﻧﺍﺩ

:ﻲﺘـــﺴﭘ ﻕﻭﺪﻨـــﺻ ،ﻱژﻮـــﻟﻮﻳﺰﻴﻓ 7435

- 14155 :ﻲﺘـــﺴﭘ ﺪـــﻛ ، 7435

- 1415

؛

:ﻚﻴﻧﻭﺮﺘﻜﻟﺍ ﺖﺴﭘ [email protected]

) ﺖﻓﺎﻳ 1 ﺪﻨﻗ ﺖﺑﺎﻳﺩ .(

ﻱ ﺍﺮـﺑ ﻢـﻬﻣ ﺮـﻄﺧ ﻞـﻣﺍﻮﻋ ﺯﺍ ﻲﻜﻳ ﺩﻮﺧ ﻱ

ﺘﺧﺎﻨـﺷ ﻝﻼﺘـﺧﺍ ﻭ ﻞﻘﻋ ﻝﺍﻭﺯ ﺩﺎﺠﻳﺍ ﻲ

ﻨـﺳ ﺭﺩ ﻪـﻈﻓﺎﺣ ﻭ ﻴ

ﻦ ﻻﺎـﺑ

ﻲـﻣ ﺁ ﻱﺭﺎـﻤﻴﺑ ﺭﺩ ﻩﺪـﺷ ﺮﻫﺎـﻇ ﻢـﺋﻼﻋ ﻪﺑﺎـﺸﻣ ﻪـﻛ ﺪـﺷﺎﺑ ﺮــﻤﻳﺍﺰﻟ

ﻲﻣ ﺏﻮﺴﺤﻣ ) ﺩﻮﺷ

2 ﺭﺩ ﻱﺩﺎـﻳﺯ ﺕﺎـﻘﻴﻘﺤﺗ ﻥﻮﻨﻛﺎـﺗ ﺪـﻨﭼ ﺮﻫ .(

ﻡﺎـﺠﻧﺍ ﻪﺑ ﻲﻄﻴﺤﻣ ﻲﺗﺎﭘﻭﺭﻮﻧ ﻭ ﻱﺪﻨﻗ ﺖﺑﺎﻳﺩ ﻦﻴﺑ ﻁﺎﺒﺗﺭﺍ ﺹﻮﺼﺧ

(2)

ﺏﺎـﺼﻋﺍ ﻢﺘـﺴﻴﺳ ﺮـﺑ ﺖـﺑﺎﻳﺩ ﺕﺍﺮـﺛﺍ ﺩﺭﻮﻣ ﺭﺩ ﻲﻟﻭ ،ﺖﺳﺍ ﻩﺪﻴﺳﺭ ﺕﺍﺮـﻴﻴﻐﺗ) ﻱﺩﺮـﻜﻠﻤﻋ ﻭ ﻲﻧﺎﻤﺘﺧﺎـﺳ ﺮـﻈﻧ ﺯﺍ ﺰـﻐﻣ ﻩﮋﻳﻮﺑ ﻱﺰﻛﺮﻣ ﻞﻣﺎـﺷ ﻱﺭﺎﺘﻓﺭ ـﻳ

ﮔﺩﺎ ﻴﺮ ﻱ ﺮـﺘﻤﻛ ﺕﺎـﻋﻼﻃﺍ (ﻪـﻈﻓﺎﺣ ﻭ ﻱ

ﺖـﻓﺎﻳ

ﻲﻣ ) ﺩﻮﺷ 3 ﺭﺩ .(

ﻉﻮـﻧ ﻩﮋﻳﻮـﺑ ﻱﺪﻨﻗ ﺖﺑﺎﻳﺩ ،ﻪﻄﺑﺍﺭ ﻦﻳﺍ 1

ﺐـﺟﻮﻣ

ﺎﺑ ﻂﺒﺗﺮﻣ ﻱﺎﻫﺪﻧﻭﺭ ﺭﺩ ﻝﻼﺘﺧﺍ ﺯﻭﺮﺑ ﻳ

ﮔﺩﺎ ﻴﺮ ﻱ

، ﺖﺧﺎﻨـﺷ ﻭ ﻪﻈﻓﺎﺣ

ﻲﻣ ﻼﺘﺒﻣ ﺕﺎﻧﺍﻮﻴﺣ ﺭﺩ ﻮﺷ

ﺑ .ﺩ ﻪ ﻦﻴـﺑ ﮓﻨﺗﺎﮕﻨﺗ ﻁﺎﺒﺗﺭﺍ ﻚﻳ ،ﻩﻭﻼﻋ

ﺎـﻘﻧ ﺭﻮـﻬﻇ ﻭ ﻱﺪـﻨﻗ ﺖﺑﺎﻳﺩ ﺯﻭﺮﺑ ﻳ

ﺭﺩ ﻪـﻈﻓﺎﺣ ﻭ ﻱﺮﻴﮔﺩﺎـﻳ ﺭﺩ ﺺ

ﻲﻣ ﺖﻓﺎﻳ ﻲﻫﺎﮕﺸﻳﺎﻣﺯﺁ ﺕﺍﺩﻮﺟﻮﻣ ﻢـﺴﻴﻧﺎﻜﻣ ﻪـﺘﺒﻟﺍ ﻪﻛ ﺩﻮﺷ

ﻱﺎـﻫ

ﻣ ﺴ ﺆ ﺖـﺳﺍ ﻩﺪـﺸﻧ ﺺﺨـﺸﻣ ﻲﺑﻮـﺧ ﻪـﺑ ﺕﻻﻼﺘـﺧﺍ ﻦﻳﺍ ﺯﻭﺮﺑ ﻝﻭ

؛

ﻮﻴﺗﺍﺪﻴـﺴﻛﺍ ﺱﺮﺘـﺳﺍ ﻭ ﺭﻻﻮﻜـﺳﺍﻭﻭﺮﻜﻴﻣ ﻪﻴﺿﺮﻓ ﻭﺩ ﻱﺍﺮﺑ ﺪﻨﭼﺮﻫ ﺷﺎﻧ ﻲ ﺪـﺸﺗ ﺯﺍ ﻳﺪ ﻜـﺸﺗ ﻴ ﻞ ﺩﺍﺭ ﻳ ﻝﺎـﻜ ﺎـﻫ ﻱ ـﺴﻛﺍ ﺩﺍﺯﺁ ﻴ ﻥﮋ ﺪﻫﺍﻮـﺷ

ﻲﻣ ﺖﻓﺎﻳ ﻱﺩﺎﻳﺯ ) ﺩﺩﺮﮔ

4 ﻭ 5 ﺑ .(

ﻪ ﺩ ،ﻩﻭﻼﻋ ﻳ ﺖـﺑﺎ ﺪـﻨﻗ ﻱ ﺮـﻈﻧ ﺯﺍ

ﻧﺎﻤﺘﺧﺎﺳ ﻲ ﻲﻧﻭﺭﻮـﻧ ﻢﻛﺍﺮﺗ ﺯﺭﺎﺑ ﺶﻫﺎﻛ ﺐﺟﻮﻣ ﺭﺩ

ﺞﻨﻜـﺷ ﻪـﻴﺣﺎﻧ

ﻪــﻧﺍﺪﻧﺩ ﻭ ﻲﻳﺎــﻀﻓ ﻪــﻈﻓﺎﺣ ﻱﺎﻫﺪــﻧﻭﺭ ﺭﺩ ﻲــﻤﻬﻣ ﺶــﻘﻧ ﻪــﻛ ﺭﺍﺩ

ـﻣ ﺩﺭﺍﺩ ﻱﺮﻴﮔﺩﺎﻳ ﻲ

ﻮـﺷ ) ﺩ 2 ـﻨﭽﻤﻫ .(

ﻴ

،ﻦ ﺍ ـﻳ ﻦ ﺑﻴ ﺭﺎـﻤ ﻱ ﺐـﺟﻮﻣ

ﻚﻳﺮﺘﻴﻧ ﻢﻳﺰﻧﺁ ﻥﺎﻴﺑ ﺶﻫﺎﻛ ﻥﻭﺭﻮـﻧ ﺭﺩ ﺯﺎﺘﻨﺳ ﺪﻴﺴﻛﺍ

ﺎـﻫ ﻱ ﻪـﻴﺣﺎﻧ

ﻣ ﭗﻣﺎﻛﻮﭙﻴﻫ ﻲ

ـﻤﻫ .ﺩﺩﺮـﮔ ﻴ

ﻦ ﻬـﺴﺗ ﺭﺩ ﻝﻼﺘـﺧﺍ ﺐـﺟﻮﻣ ﺮـﻣﺍ ﻴ

ﻞ

ﺣ ﺭﺩ ﻪـﻈﻓﺎﺣ ﻭ ﻱﺮﻴﮔﺩﺎﻳ ﻱﺎﻫﺪﻧﻭﺭ ﻭ ﻲﺴﭘﺎﻨﻴﺳ ﻴ

ﺕﺎـﻧﺍﻮ ﺩ ـﻳ ﺘﺑﺎ ﻲ

ﻣ ﻲ ) ﺩﻮﺷ 6 ﻭ 7 .(

ﻦـﻳﺍ ﻪـﺘﻴﻧژﻭﺮﺘﻫ ﺩﺭﻮـﻣ ﺭﺩ ﻱﺮـﺸﺑ ﺶـﻧﺍﺩ ﺶﻳﺍﺰـﻓﺍ ﻪﺑ ﻪﺟﻮﺗ ﺎﺑ ﺮـﺘﻤﻛ ﻲﺒﻧﺎﺟ ﺽﺭﺍﻮﻋ ﺎﺑ ﺮﺛﺆﻣ ﺕﺎﺒﻴﻛﺮﺗ ﻦﺘﻓﺎﻳ ﻱﺍﺮﺑ ﺯﺎﻴﻧ ،ﻱﺭﺎﻤﻴﺑ

ﮔﻮﻠﺟ ﺭﺩ ﻴﺮ ﻱ ﻳﺎ ﺖﺑﺎﻳﺩ ﻥﺎﻣﺭﺩ ﻭ

ـﺷﺎﻧ ﺕﻼﻜـﺸﻣ ﻲ

ﺪـﺷ ﻥﺁ ﺯﺍ ﻳ

ًﺍﺪ

ﻲﻣ ﺱﺎﺴﺣﺍ ﺒﻃ ﺩﺍﻮﻣ .ﺩﺩﺮﮔ

ﻴﻌ ﻲ ﻪﭼﺮﮔﺍ ﻲﻳﻭﺭﺍﺩ ﻥﺎﻫﺎﻴﮔ ﺯﺍ ﻖﺘﺸﻣ

ﻃ ﺭﺩ ﻲ ﻪﻫﺩ ﻭﺩ ﺧﺍ ﻴﺮ ﺯﺍ ﻲـﺷﺎﻧ ﺽﺭﺍﻮﻋ ﻭ ﻱﺪﻨﻗ ﺖﺑﺎﻳﺩ ﻥﺎﻣﺭﺩ ﺭﺩ

ﻩﺩﻮﺑ ﺡﺮﻄﻣ ﻥﺁ ﺎﻬﻧﺁ ﺯﺍ ﻱﺭﺎﻴﺴﺑ ﻲﻌﻄﻗ ﻲﺸﺨﺑﺮﺛﺍ ﺩﺭﻮﻣ ﺭﺩ ﻲﻟﻭ ،ﺪﻧﺍ

ﻲﻤﻧ ﺖﻓﺎﻳ ﺮﺒﺘﻌﻣ ﻲﺗﺎﻘﻴﻘﺤﺗ ﺪﻫﺍﻮﺷ ﻥﻮﻨﻛﺎﺗ ) ﺩﻮﺷ

8 .(

ﺗﻴ ﻛﻮﻤ ﻴ ﻥﻮﻨ ﺮﺘﻤﻬﻣ ﻳ ﻦ ﻣ ﻩﺩﺎﻣ ﺆ ﺳ ﻩﺮﺛ ﻴ ﻪﻧﺍﺪﻫﺎ ﻣ ﺏﻮﺴﺤﻣ ﻲ

ﺩﻮـﺷ

) 9 ﺘﻧﺁ ﺕﺍﺮﺛﺍ ﻭ ( ﻲ

ﺴﻛﺍ ﻴ ﻧﺍﺪ ﻲ ﺎـﻬﺘﻓﺎﺑ ﺖﻇﺎﻔﺣ ﺚﻋﺎﺑ ﻥﺁ ﻱ

ﺭﺩ ﻥﺪـﺑ

ﻣ ﻞﺑﺎﻘ ﺳﺁ ﻴﺒ ﺎﻬ ﻱ ﺷ ﻴ ﻤ ﻴﺎ ﻳ ﻲ ﻣ ﻲ ﺩﻮﺷ ) 10 ﺍ .(

ﻳ ﻦ ﺍﺭﺍﺩ ﻩﺩﺎﻣ ﻱ ﺕﺍﺮـﺛﺍ

ﺘﻧﺁ ﻲ ﺴﻛﺍ ﻴ ﻧﺍﺪ ﻲ ) 11 ﺑﺎـﻬﺘﻟﺍ ﺪـﺿ ،(

ﻲ ) 12 ) ﻥﺎﻃﺮـﺳ ﺪـﺿ ﻭ ( 10

(

ﻣ ﻲ ﺩ ﺪﺿ ﺮﺛﺍ ﻭ ﺪﺷﺎﺑ ﻳ

ﺘﺑﺎ ﻲ ﺩﺭﻮـﻣ ًﻼﺒـﻗ (ﻥﻮﺧ ﺰﻛﻮﻠﮔ ﺶﻫﺎﻛ) ﻥﺁ

ﺗﻳﺄ ــﻴ ﺪ ) ﺖــﺳﺍ ﻪــﺘﻓﺮﮔ ﺭﺍﺮــﻗ 13

ﻭ 14 ﺍ ﺭﺩ .(

ــﻳ ﻦ ﻮــﺠﺗ ،ﻪــﻄﺑﺍﺭ ﻳﺰ

ﺗﻴ ﻛﻮﻤ ﻴ ﻥﻮﻨ ﺘﺣ ﻲ ﻣ ﻲ ﺩﺮـﻜﻠﻤﻋ ﺩﻮـﺒﻬﺑ ﺐﺟﻮﻣ ﺪﻧﺍﻮﺗ ﻝﻮﻠـﺳ

ﺎـﻫ ﻱ

ﺎﺘﺑ ﻱ ﻟﻮﺴﻧﺍ ﻪﺤﺷﺮﺘﻣ ﻴ

ﻦ ﺯﺎﺳﺯﺎﺑ ﻭ ﻱ ﺍﺰﺟ ﻳ ﺲﻧﺎﻫﺮﮕﻧﻻ ﺮ ) ﺩﻮﺷ

13 .(

ﺎﺘﻧ ﻳ ﺞ ـﻣ ﻥﺎـﺸﻧ ﻩﺪـﺷ ﻡﺎـﺠﻧﺍ ﺕﺎﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣ ﻲ

ﺗ ﻪـﻛ ﺪـﻫﺩ ﻴ

ﻛﻮﻤ ﻴ ،ﻥﻮـﻨ

ﺴﻛﺍﺮﭘ ﻴ ﺳﺍﺪ ﻴ ﻥﻮ ﻟﻴ ﭙﻴ ﺪ ﻱ ﻏ ﻴﺮ ﺰﻧﺁ ﻳﻤ ﻲ ـﻣ ﺭﺎـﻬﻣ ﺍﺭ ﻲ

ﺍﺭﺍﺩ ﻭ ﺪـﻨﻛ ﻱ

ﺻﺎﺧ ﻴ ﺖ ﻑﺬﺣ ﮔﺪﻨﻨﻛ ﻲ ﺩﺍﺭ ﻳ ﻝﺎﻜ ﺎﻫ ﻱ ـﺴﻛﺍ ﺩﺍﺯﺁ ﻴ ﻥﮋ ﺖـﺳﺍ ) 15 .(

ﻨﭽﻤﻫ ﻴ ﻦ ﺗ ﻪﻛ ﻩﺪﺷ ﻩﺩﺍﺩ ﻥﺎﺸﻧ ﻴ

ﻨﻛﻮﻤ ﻴ ﻥﻮ ﺳﺁ ﺶﻫﺎﻛ ﺐﺟﻮﻣ ﻴ

ﺐ

ﺴﻛﺍ ﻴ ﺗﺍﺪ ﻴﻮ ﻫ ﺭﺩ ﻴ ﭗـﻣﺎﻛﻮﭙ ﺎﻬـﺷﻮﻣ

ﻱ ﺍﺮﺤـﺻ ﻲﻳ ـﻣ ﻲ ) ﺩﻮـﺷ 16 .(

ﺑﻪ ﺍ ،ﻩﻭﻼﻋ ﻳ ﻦ ﮔﻮﻠﺟ ﺐﺒﺳ ﻩﺩﺎﻣ ﻴﺮ

ﻱ ﺑ ﺯﺍ ﻴ ﻥﺎ ﺰﻧﺁ ﻳﻢ ﺎﻫ ﻱ ﻟﻮﺑﺎﺘﻣ ﻴ ﻢﺴ ﺳﺍ

ﻴ ﺪ ﺷﺍﺭﺁ ﻴ ﻧﻭﺪ ﻴ ﻚ ﺴﻣ ﺭﺩ ﻴﺮ ﺪﻧﻼﮔﺎﺘﺳﻭﺮﭘ ﺰﺘﻨﺳ ﻳ

ﻦ ﻣ ﺎﻫ ﻲ ﻪﻛ ﺩﻮﺷ

ﺍ ﺯﺍ ﻳ ﻦ ﺮﻃ ﻳ ﻖ ﻣ ﻲ ﻟﻮﺗ ﺯﺍ ﺪﻧﺍﻮﺗ ﻴ

ﺪ ﻪﻄﺳﺍﻭ ﺎـﻫ ﻱ ﺑﺎـﻬﺘﻟﺍ ﻲ ﮔﻮـﻠﺟ ﻴﺮ ﻱ

ﺪﺑ ﻭ ﻩﺩﻮﻤﻧ ﻳ

ﻦ ﺗﺮﺗ ﻴ ﺐ ﺍ ﺮﺛ ﺑﺎﻬﺘﻟﺍ ﺪﺿ ﻲ ﺍ ﺍﺭ ﺩﻮﺧ ﻳ ﺩﺎﺠ ﺎﻤﻧ ـﻳ ﺪ ) 17 .(

ﺍ ﻪـﺑ ﻪـﺟﻮﺗ ﺎﺑ ﻳ

ﻪـﻜﻨ ﻫ ﻥﻮﻨﻛﺎـﺗ ﻴ

ﻪـﻧﻮﮕﭽ ـﺷﺭﺍﺰﮔ ﻲ ﺮـﺛﺍ ﺩﺭﻮـﻣ ﺭﺩ

ﺗﻴ ﻛﻮﻤ ﻴ ﻥﻮﻨ ﺮﺑ ﻳ ﮔﺩﺎ ﻴﺮ ﻱ ﺩ ﺖﻟﺎﺣ ﺭﺩ ﺎﻬﺷﻮﻣ ﻪﻈﻓﺎﺣ ﻭ ﻳ

ﺖﺑﺎ ﺪﻨﻗ ﻱ

ﺍﺮـﺑ ﻖـﻴﻘﺤﺗ ﻦـﻳﺍ ﺭﺩ ﺍﺬـﻟ ،ﺖﺳﺍ ﻩﺪﺸﻧ ﻱ

ـﻟﻭﺍ ﻴ ﻦ ﺰﻳﻮـﺠﺗ ﺮـﺛﺍ ﺭﺎـﺑ

ﺮﺑ ﻩﺩﺎﻣ ﻦﻳﺍ ﺕﺪﻣﺯﺍﺭﺩ ﻳ

ﮔﺩﺎ ﻴﺮ ﻱ ﺖـﺑﺎﻳﺩ ﻲﺑﺮﺠﺗ ﻝﺪﻣ ﺭﺩ ﻪﻈﻓﺎﺣ ﻭ

ﺪﻨﻗ ﻱ ﺎﻬـﺷﻮﻣ ﺭﺩ ﻦﻴـﺳﻮﺗﻭﺯﻮﺘﭘﺮﺘﺳﺍ ﻱﻭﺭﺍﺩ ﻂـﺳﻮﺗ ﻩﺪـﺷ ﺎﻘﻟﺍ ﻱ

ﺑﺎﻨﺘﺟﺍ ﻥﻮﻣﺯﺁ ﻭﺩ ﺯﺍ ﻩﺩﺎﻔﺘﺳﺍ ﺎﺑ ﺮﻧ ﻲﻳﺍﺮﺤﺻ ﻲ

ﻏ ﻴﺮ ﺯﺎـﻣ ﻭ ﻝﺎـﻌﻓ

Y

ــﺴﻛﺍ ﺱﺮﺘــﺳﺍ ﺶــﻘﻧ ﻭ ﺖــﻓﺮﮔ ﺭﺍﺮــﻗ ﻲــﺳﺭﺮﺑ ﺩﺭﻮــﻣ ﻴ

ﺗﺍﺪ ﻴﻮ ﺎــﺑ

ﻩﺯﺍﺪــﻧﺍ ﮔ ــﻴ ﺮ ﻱ ﻣ ــﻴ ﻥﺍﺰ ﻥﻮﻟﺎــﻣ ﺩ ﻱ ﺪﻟﺁ ﻫ ــﻴ ﺪ

(MDA)

ﺖــﻓﺎﺑ ﺭﺩ

ﻫﻴ ﭗﻣﺎﻛﻮﭙ ﻌﺗ ﻴﻴ ﻦ ﺪﺷ .

ﺎﻬﺷﻭﺭ ﻭ ﺩﺍﻮﻣ

ﻦﻳﺍ ﺭﺩ ﻪﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣ ﻲﺑﺮﺠﺗ ﺯﺍ 40 ﺮﺳ ﺵﻮﻣ ﻲﻳﺍﺮﺤﺻ ﺮﻧ ﺩﺍﮋﻧ ﺪﻴﻔﺳ

ﺭﺎﺘـــﺴﻳﻭ ﻲـــﻧﺯﻭ ﻩﺩﻭﺪـــﺤﻣ ﺭﺩ (ﻥﺍﺮـــﻬﺗ ،ﺭﻮﺘـــﺳﺎﭘ ﻮﺘﻴﺘـــﺴﻧﺍ)

280 - 210 ﻡﺮﮔ ﻩﺩﺎﻔﺘﺳﺍ ﺪﺷ ﺍﻮﻴﺣ . ﺎﻬﻧ ﻱﺎـﻣﺩ ﺭﺩ 23

- 21 ﻪـﺟﺭﺩ

ﻲﺘﻧﺎﺳ ﺩﺍﺮﮔ ﻱﺎﻬﻫﻭﺮﮔ ﺭﺩ 3

ﺎﺗ 4 ﻩﺩﺍﺩ ﺭﺍﺮـﻗ ﺲـﻔﻗ ﺮـﻫ ﺭﺩ ﻲﻳﺎـﺗ

ﻧﺍﻮﻴﺣ .ﺪﻧﺪﺷ ﺎﻬ

ﻪﻟﻮﻟ ﺏﺁ ﻪﺑ ﻪﻧﺍﺩﺍﺯﺁ ﺵﻮﻣ ﺹﻮﺼﺨﻣ ﻱﺍﺬﻏ ﻭ ﻲﺸﻛ

.ﺪﻨﺘــﺷﺍﺩ ﻲــﺳﺮﺘﺳﺩ ــﻳﺍ ﺭﺩ

ﻱﺎﻬــﺷﻮﻣ ﻪﺘــﺳﺩ ﻥﺁ ﺯﺍ ﻲــﺳﺭﺮﺑ ﻦ

ﻲﻳﺍﺮﺤﺻ ﺮﻧ ﺎـﻬﻧﺁ ﻡﺮـﺳ ﺰﻛﻮـﻠﮔ ﻥﺍﺰﻴﻣ ﻪﻛ ﺪﺷ ﻩﺩﺎﻔﺘﺳﺍ ﺮـﺘﻤﻛ

ﺯﺍ

mg/dl

200 ﺩﻮﺑ . ﻪـﻟﻮﻟ ﻭ ﻝﺎﺘﻴﺑﺭﻭﺍﻭﺮﺗﺭ ﻪﻜﺒﺷ ﺯﺍ ﺹﻮﺼﺧ ﻦﻳﺍ ﺭﺩ

ﻮﻣ ﻳ ﺘﺳﺍ ﻱﺮﻴﮕﻧﻮﺧ ﻱﺍﺮﺑ ﻪﻨﻴ .ﺪﺷ ﻩﺩﺎﻔ

ﻪـﺑ ﻲﻓﺩﺎﺼﺗ ﺭﻮﻃ ﻪﺑ ﺎﻬﺷﻮﻣ

5 ﻝﺮﺘﻨﻛ ﻩﻭﺮﮔ ﻥﺍﺰـﻴﻣ ﻪـﺑ ﻥﻮـﻨﻴﻛﻮﻤﻴﺗ ﺎـﺑ ﺭﺎـﻤﻴﺗ ﺖﺤﺗ ﻝﺮﺘﻨﻛ ،

mg/kg

5 ﻩﻭﺮﮔ ﻭﺩ ﻭ ،ﻲﺘﺑﺎﻳﺩ ، ﻲﺘﺑﺎﻳﺩ

ﻥﻮـﻨﻴﻛﻮﻤﻴﺗ ﺎﺑ ﺭﺎﻤﻴﺗ ﺖﺤﺗ

ﻱﺎﻫﺯﻭﺩ ﺭﺩ 5/

2 ﻭ

mg/kg

5 .ﺪﻧﺪﺷ ﻢﻴﺴﻘﺗ

ﻥﺩﻮــﻤﻧ ﻲﺘﺑﺎــﻳﺩ ﻱﺍﺮــﺑ ﺎﻬــﺷﻮﻣ

ﻦﻴــﺳﻮﺗﻭﺯﻮﺘﭘﺮﺘﺳﺍ ﻱﻭﺭﺍﺩ ﺯﺍ

(ﺎﻜﻳﺮﻣﺁ ،ﭻﻳﺭﺪﻟﺁ ﺎﻤﮕﻴﺳ ﺖﻛﺮﺷ) ﻞـﺧﺍﺩ ﻭ ﺯﻭﺩ ﻚـﺗ ﺕﺭﻮـﺻ ﻪـﺑ

ﻥﺍﺰــﻴﻣ ﻪــﺑ ﻲﻗﺎﻔــﺻ

mg/kg

60 ﻦﻴﻟﺎــﺳ ﻝﻮــﻠﺤﻣ ﺭﺩ ﻩﺪــﺷ ﻞــﺣ

ﻩﺩﺎﻔﺘــﺳﺍ ﺩﺮــﺳ ﻚــﻳژﻮﻟﻮﻳﺰﻴﻓ ﺪــﺷ

) 18 ( . ﺖﻛﺮــﺷ) ﻥﻮــﻨﻴﻛﻮﻤﻴﺗ

ﻖــﻳﺭﺰﺗ ﺯﺍ ﺲــﭘ ﻪــﺘﻔﻫ ﻚــﻳ ﺯﺍ ﺰــﻴﻧ (ﺎــﻜﻳﺮﻣﺁ ،ﭻﻳﺭﺪــﻟﺁ ﺎﻤﮕﻴــﺳ ﻲﻗﺎﻔـﺻ ﻞـﺧﺍﺩ ﻡﺮـﻓ ﻪـﺑ ﻭ ﻪﺘﻔﻫ ﺞﻨﭘ ﺕﺪﻣ ﻪﺑ ﻦﻴﺳﻮﺗﻭﺯﻮﺘﭘﺮﺘﺳﺍ ﻦﻠﻴﭘﻭﺮـﭘ ﻝﻼـﺣ ﺯﺍ ﺰﻴﻧ ﻥﻮﻨﻴﻛﻮﻤﻴﺗ ﻥﺩﻮﻤﻧ ﻞﺣ ﻱﺍﺮﺑ .ﺪﺷ ﺰﻳﻮﺠﺗ .ﺪﺷ ﻩﺩﺎﻔﺘﺳﺍ (ﻥﺎﻤﻟﺁ ،ﻙﺮﻣ) ﻝﻮﻜﻴﻠﮔ ﻳ

ﻚ ﺭﺰﺗ ﺯﺍ ﺲـﭘ ﻪﺘﻔﻫ ـﻳ

،ﻖ

ﺍﺮﺑ ﻱ ﻤﻃﺍ ﻴ ﻥﺎﻨ ﺩ ﺯﺍ ﻳ ﺘﺑﺎ ﻲ ﺩﻮﺑ ﺣ ﻥ ﻴ

،ﺕﺎﻧﺍﻮ ﺭﺍﺭﺩﺍ ﺪﻨﻗ ﺎﺑ

ﺭﺍﺭﺩﺍ ﺭﺍﻮﻧ ﻱ

ﻮﻛﻮﻠﮔ ﺖﻛﺮﺷ) ﻳ

،ﺏﺎ ﺣ ﻂﻘﻓ ﻭ ﺪﺷ ﻝﺮﺘﻨﻛ (ﻥﺍﺮﻬﺗ ﻴ

ﺕﺎﻧﺍﻮ ﺩ ـﻳ ﺘﺑﺎ ﻲ

ﻩﺪﺷ ﺪﻌﺑ ﻪﻠﺣﺮﻣ ﻪﺑ ﻱ

ﺍﺮﺑ ﻱ ﺗ ﻉﻭﺮﺷ ﻴ ﺭﺎﻤ ﻩﺍﺭ ﻳ ﺪـﻨﺘﻓﺎ . ﻥﺯﻭ ﻥﺍﺰـﻴﻣ

ﻭ ﺕﺎﻧﺍﻮﻴﺣ ﻡﺮﺳ ﺰﻛﻮﻠﮔ

) ) ﺯﺍﺪﻴـﺴﻛﺍ ﺰﻛﻮﻠﮔ ﻲﻤﻳﺰﻧﺁ ﺵﻭﺭ ﺖﻛﺮـﺷ

ﻲﻤﻴﺷ ﺖﺴﻳﺯ ﻥﺍﺮﻬﺗ ،

((

ﺭﺩ ﻭ ﺭﺎﻛ ﻡﺎﺠﻧﺍ ﺯﺍ ﻞﺒﻗ ﻲﻃ

ﻪﺘﻔﻫ ﻱﺎـﻫ 3

ﻭ 6 ﺯﺍ ﺲﭘ ﺶﻳﺎﻣﺯﺁ ﻩﺯﺍﺪﻧﺍ ﻱﺮﻴﮔ ﺪﻳﺩﺮﮔ .

(3)

) ﻝﺎﻌﻓ ﺮﻴﻏ ﻲﺑﺎﻨﺘﺟﺍ ﺭﺎﺘﻓﺭ ﻥﻮﻣﺯﺁ

Passive avoidance test

(

ﻱﺍﺮﺑ ﻲﺳﺭﺮﺑ ﻝﺎﻌﻓ ﺮﻴﻏ ﻱﺯﺍﺮﺘﺣﺍ ﺭﺎﺘﻓﺭ

ﻚﻳ ﺯﺍ ﻩﺎﮕﺘﺳﺩ ﻪﺑ ﺩﺎـﻌﺑﺍ

20 80×

20×

ﻲﺘﻧﺎﺳ ﺮﺘﻣ ﻞﺗﺎـﺷ)

ﺲﻛﺎـﺑ ﻚـﻳ ﻱﺍﺭﺍﺩ (

ﻪـﻈﻔﺤﻣ

ﻦﺷﻭﺭ ﻚﻳ ﻭ ﻪﻈﻔﺤﻣ ﻚـﻳﺭﺎﺗ .ﺪـﺷ ﻩﺩﺎﻔﺘـﺳﺍ ﻪـﻠﻴﻣ

ﻱﺎـﻫ ﻱﺰـﻠﻓ

ﺩﻮﺟﻮﻣ ﻒﻛ ﺭﺩ ﻪﻈﻔﺤﻣ ﻚﻳﺭﺎﺗ ﻱﺍﺮﺑ ﻙﻮﺷ ﻥﺩﺍﺩ ﻪﺑ ﻱﺎﭘ ﻥﺍﻮـﻴﺣ

ﻩﺩﺎﻔﺘﺳﺍ .ﺪﺷ ﻝﺎﻤﻋﺍ ﻱﺍﺮﺑ ﻚﻳﺮﺤﺗ

ﻪﺑ ﻪﻈﻔﺤﻣ ﻚـﻳﺭﺎﺗ ﻩﺎﮕﺘـﺳﺩ ﺯﺍ

ﺪﻳﺩﺮﮔ ﻩﺩﺎﻔﺘﺳﺍ ﺹﺎﺧ ﺭﻮﺗﻻﻮﻤﻴﺘﺳﺍ

؛ ﻚﺗ ،ﺭﻮﻈﻨﻣ ﻦﻳﺪﺑ ﻲـﻜﻳﺮﺤﺗ

ﻪﺑ ﺕﺪﺷ ﻚﻳ ﻲﻠﻴﻣ ﻪﺑ ﻭ ﺮﭙﻣﺁ ﺕﺪﻣ ﻚﻳ ﻪﻴﻧﺎﺛ ﻝﺎـﻤﻋﺍ ﺪـﻳﺩﺮﮔ ﺭﺩ .

ﻦﻳﺍ ﺗ ﻖﻴﻘﺤ ﺵﻭﺭ ﻲـﺳﺭﺮﺑ ﻝﺎـﻌﻓ ﺮـﻴﻏ ﻱﺯﺍﺮـﺘﺣﺍ ﺭﺎـﺘﻓﺭ ﺯﺍ ﺲـﭘ

ﻭ ﺮﻳﺯ ﺡﺮﺷ ﻪﺑ ﻲﺳﺭﺮﺑ ﻲﻠﺒﻗ ﺲﻧﺍﺮﻓﺭ ﺱﺎﺳﺍ ﺮﺑ

) ﺩﻮﺑ 18 :(

ﻒﻟﺍ - ) ﺵﺯﺎﺳ

Adaptation

( ﻦﻳﺍ ﺭﺩ : ﻪﻠﺣﺮﻣ ﻥﺍﻮـﻴﺣ ﺮﻫ

ﻱﺍﺮـﺑ

ﻲﻟﺍﻮﺘﻣ ﺯﻭﺭ ﻭﺩ ﻞﻗﺍﺪﺣ ﺶﻳﺎﻣﺯﺁ ﻉﻭﺮﺷ ﺯﺍ ﻞﺒﻗ

ﻪﺑ ﺕﺪﻣ 5 ﻪـﻘﻴﻗﺩ

ﺭﺩ .ﺪﺷ ﻩﺩﺍﺩ ﺭﺍﺮﻗ ﻩﺎﮕﺘﺳﺩ ﻞﺧﺍﺩ

ﺏ - ) ﺏﺎــﺴﺘﻛﺍ

Acquisition

( ﻦــﻳﺍ ﺭﺩ : ﻪــﻠﺣﺮﻣ (ﻡﻮــﺳ ﺯﻭﺭ)

ﻥﺍﻮﻴﺣ ﻪﻈﻔﺤﻣ ﺭﺩ

ﻦﺷﻭﺭ ﻩﺩﺍﺩ ﺭﺍﺮﻗ ﻪـﺑ ﻭ ﺕﺪـﻣ ﻦـﻳﺍ ﻪـﻘﻴﻗﺩ ﻭﺩ

ﻪﻈﻔﺤﻣ ﻚـﻳﺭﺎﺗ ﻪـﮕﻧ ﻪﺘـﺷﺍﺩ ﻦـﻳﺍ ﺭﺩ .ﺪـﺷ

ﺕﺪـﻣ ﺭﺩ ﻲﻨﻴﺗﻮـﻴﮔ

ﻁﺎﺒﺗﺭﺍ ﻩﺪﻨﻫﺩ ﻦـﺷﻭﺭ ﻪـﻈﻔﺤﻣ

ﻚـﻳﺭﺎﺗ ﻭ ﻪﺘـﺴﺑ ًﻼﻣﺎـﻛ

ﺭﺩ .ﺩﻮـﺑ

ﻱﺎﻬﺘﻧﺍ ﻩﺭﻭﺩ ﻻ ، ﭗـﻣ ﻪـﻈﻔﺤﻣ ﻦـﺷﻭﺭ ﻩﺪـﺷ ﺭﺩ ﻭ ﻲﻨﻴﺗﻮـﻴﮔ ﺯﺎـﺑ

ﻲﻣ ﺪﻳﺩﺮﮔ ﻪﺑ . ﺾﺤﻣ ﻥﺩﺮﻛ ﺯﺎﺑ ﻛ ،ﺭﺩ ﻮ ﺍﺭ ﺮﺘﻣﻮﻧﺭ ﺑ

ﻪ ﻪﺘﺧﺍﺪﻧﺍ ﺭﺎﻛ ﻭ

ﺕﺪﻣ ﻲﻧﺎﻣﺯ ﻪﻛ ﻝﻮﻃ ﻲﻣ ﺎﺗ ﺪﻴﺸﻛ ﺣ ﻥﺍﻮﻴ ﺯﺍ ﻪﻈﻔﺤﻣ ﻦـﺷﻭﺭ ﻪـﺑ

ﻪﻈﻔﺤﻣ ﻚﻳﺭﺎﺗ ﺖﺷﺍﺩﺩﺎﻳ ﺩﻭﺮﺑ

ﻲﻣ ﻪـﻛ ﺪﻳﺩﺮﮔ ﻦـﻳﺍ

ﺕﺪـﻣ ﻥﺎـﻣﺯ

ﺄﺗ ﻥﺍﻮﻨﻋ ﺖﺤﺗ ﻪﻴﻟﻭﺍ ﺮﻴﺧ

ﺎﻳ )IL Initial latency

( ﻕﻼﻃﺍ ﺩﺮﮔ ـﻳ ﺪ

ﻙﻼﻣ) ﺑ ﻱﺍﺮ ﺩﻭﺭﻭ ﻥﺍﻮﻴﺣ ﻪـﺑ ﻪـﻈﻔﺤﻣ ﻚـﻳﺭﺎﺗ ﻱﺎﻬﻣﺍﺪـﻧﺍ ﺭﻮـﺒﻋ

ﻲﺘﻛﺮﺣ ﻥﺍﻮﻴﺣ ﻲﺘﺸﭘ

ﺯﺍ ﺭﺩ ﻁﺎـﺒﺗﺭﺍ ﻩﺪـﻨﻫﺩ ﻪـﻈﻔﺤﻣ ﻭﺩ

(ﺩﻮـﺑ .

ﺎﭘ ﺍﺭ ﺭﺩ ﺲﭙﺳ ﻳ

ﻲﻠﻴﻣ ﻚﻳ) ﻙﻮﺷ ﻚﺗ ﻚﻳ ﻭ ﻩﺩﺭﻭﺁ ﻦﻴ ﻚـﻳ ،ﺮﭙﻣﺁ

ﻲﻣ ﺩﺭﺍﻭ ﻥﺍﻮﻴﺣ ﻪﺑ (ﻪﻴﻧﺎﺛ ﺯﺍ ﺲـﭘ ﺭﺎـﻛ ﻥﺎـﻳﺎﭘ ﺭﺩ .ﺪـﻣﺁ

1 ﻪـﻘﻴﻗﺩ

ﻲﻣ ﻞﻘﺘﻨﻣ ﺲﻔﻗ ﻪﺑ ﻥﺍﻮﻴﺣ ﺎـﺑ ﻁﺎـﺒﺗﺭﺍ ﺭﺩ .ﺪـﻳﺩﺮﮔ

،ﻪـﻠﺣﺮﻣ ﻦـﻳﺍ

ﺯﺍ ﺮﺘﺸﻴﺑ ﻪﻴﻟﻭﺍ ﺮﻴﺧﺄﺗ ﺎﺑ ﻱﺎﻬﺷﻮﻣ 60

ﻑﺬـﺣ ﺕﺎـﺸﻳﺎﻣﺯﺁ ﺯﺍ ﻪـﻴﻧﺎﺛ

.ﺪﻧﺪﻳﺩﺮﮔ ﺝ - ﺕﺎـﻋﻼﻃﺍ ﻱﺭﻭﺁﺩﺎــﻳ ﻪـﺑ ﻭ ﻱﺭﺍﺪـﻬﮕﻧ

(Retention and

Recall)

: ﻪـﻠﺣﺮﻣ ﻦﻳﺍ 24

ﺯﻭﺭ ﺭﺩ ﻡﻭﺩ ﻪـﻠﺣﺮﻣ ﺯﺍ ﺲـﭘ ﺖﻋﺎـﺳ

.ﺖﻓﺮﻳﺬﭘ ﻡﺎﺠﻧﺍ ﻡﺭﺎﻬﭼ ﻦﻳﺍ

ﻪﻠﺣﺮﻣ ﻪﺑﺎﺸﻣ ﻪـﻠﺣﺮﻣ ﺩﻮـﺑ ﻞـﺒﻗ ﺎـﺑ

ﻦﻳﺍ ﺕﻭﺎﻔﺗ ﻪﻛ ﻲﻧﺎﻣﺯ ﻪﻛ ﻥﺍﻮﻴﺣ ﻪﻈﻔﺤﻣ ﻪﺑ

ﻚﻳﺭﺎﺗ ﺩﺭﺍﻭ ﻲﻣ ﺪﺷ

ﭻﻴﻫ ﻪﻧﻮﮔ ﻲﻛﻮﺷ ﺖﻓﺎﻳﺭﺩ ﺍﺭ ﻲﻤﻧ ﺭﺩ .ﺩﺮﻛ ﻦﻳﺍ ﻪـﻠﺣﺮﻣ ، ﺄـﺗ ﺮﻴﺧ

ﺭﻮﺒﻋ ﻦﻴﺣ ﺭﺩ ﺎﻳ

)STL Step-through latency

( ﻩﺯﺍﺪﻧﺍ ﻱﺮـﻴﮔ

.ﺪــﻳﺩﺮﮔ ﺯﺍ ﺭﻮــﻈﻨﻣ ﺕﺪــﻣSTL

ﻲﻧﺎــﻣﺯ ﻪــﻛ ﺖــﺳﺍ

ﻥﺍﻮــﻴﺣ ﺭﺩ

ﻪﻈﻔﺤﻣ ﻦﺷﻭﺭ ﻲﻗﺎﺑ ﻲﻣ ﻞﺒﻗ ﺪﻧﺎﻣ ﻪﻜﻧﺁ ﺯﺍ ﻪﻈﻔﺤﻣ ﺩﺭﺍﻭ

ﻚـﻳﺭﺎﺗ

ﺩﻮﺷ . ﺶﻳﺎـﻣﺯﺁ ﻊـﻄﻗ ﻥﺎـﻣﺯ )

Cut-off time

( ﻲﺗﺭﻮـﺻ ﺭﺩ ﻪـﻛ

ﺰﻴﻧ ﺩﻮﺸﻧ ﻚﻳﺭﺎﺗ ﻪﻈﻔﺤﻣ ﺩﺭﺍﻭ ﺵﻮﻣ 300

ﻪـﺘﻓﺮﮔ ﺮﻈﻧ ﺭﺩ ﻪﻴﻧﺎﺛ

.ﺪﺷ ﻥﻮﻣﺯﺁ

Y-maze

ﻩﺯﺍﺪﻧﺍ ﻭ ﻱﺮﻴﮔ ﺏﻭﺎﻨﺗ ﺭﺎﺘﻓﺭ

(Alternation

behavior)

ﺭﺩ ﻥﻮﻣﺯﺁ ﻦﻳﺍ ﺭﺎﻛ ﻥﺎﻳﺎﭘ

3 - 2 ﻭ ﻲﺑﺎـﻨﺘﺟﺍ ﺭﺎﺘﻓﺭ ﺖﺴﺗ ﺯﺍ ﻞﺒﻗ ﺯﻭﺭ

ﻲﻠﺒﻗ ﺲﻧﺍﺮﻓﺭ ﺱﺎﺳﺍ ﺮﺑ ) ﺖﻓﺮﻳﺬﭘ ﻡﺎﺠﻧﺍ

18 .(

ﺰﻴﻣ ﻁﺎﺒﺗﺭﺍ ﻦﻳﺍ ﺭﺩ ﻥﺍ

ﻪــﻈﻓﺎﺣ ﺮــﻈﻧ ﺯﺍ ﺕﺎــﻧﺍﻮﻴﺣ ﺩﺮــﻜﻠﻤﻋ ﻱﺭﺎــﻛ

ﻭ ﻩﺪﻫﺎــﺸﻣ ﻖــﻳﺮﻃ ﺯﺍ

ﻩﺯﺍﺪﻧﺍ ﻱﺭﺎـﻛ ﻪﺴﻠﺟ ﻚﻳ ﺭﺩ ﻥﺍﻮﻴﺣ ﻱﺩﻮﺨﺑﺩﻮﺧ ﺏﻭﺎﻨﺗ ﺭﺎﺘﻓﺭ ﻱﺮﻴﮔ ﺲﻨـﺟ ﺯﺍ ﻥﻮـﻣﺯﺁ ﻦـﻳﺍ ﻪـﺑ ﻁﻮـﺑﺮﻣ ﺯﺎـﻣ .ﺖﻓﺮﮔ ﺭﺍﺮﻗ ﻲﺳﺭﺮﺑ ﺩﺭﻮﻣ

ﺩﺎـﻌﺑﺍ ﻱﺍﺭﺍﺩ ﻭﺯﺎـﺑ ﺮـﻫ ﻭ ﺩﻮـﺑ ﺱﻼـﮔ ﻲﺴﻜﻠﭘ 40

× 30 × 15 ﻭ ﺩﻮـﺑ

ﺎﻫﻭﺯﺎﺑ ﻲﻣ ﻞﺼﺘﻣ ﻢﻫ ﻪﺑ ﻱﺰﻛﺮﻣ ﻪﻃﻮﺤﻣ ﻚﻳ ﻖﻳﺮﻃ ﺯﺍ ﺷ

ﻱﺍﺮﺑ .ﺪﻧﺪ

ﺘﻧﺍ ﺖﻤﺴﻗ ﺭﺩ ﻲﻳﺍﺮﺤﺻ ﺵﻮﻣ ﺮﻫ ،ﻥﻮﻣﺯﺁ ﻡﺎﺠﻧﺍ ﻬ

ﺭﺍﺮـﻗ ﻭﺯﺎﺑ ﻚﻳ ﻲﻳﺎ

ﻲﻣ ﻩﺩﺍﺩ ﻚﻳ ﺭﺩ ﺯﺎﻣ ﻲﺣﺍﻮﻧ ﻡﺎﻤﺗ ﻪﺑ ﻥﺁ ﺩﺍﺯﺁ ﻲﺳﺮﺘﺳﺩ ﻥﺎﻜﻣﺍ ﻭ ﺪﺷ

ﻲﻧﺎﻣﺯ ﺩﻮﻳﺮﭘ 8

ﻲﻣ ﻢﻫﺍﺮﻓ ﻪﻘﻴﻗﺩ ﻥﺍﻮـﻴﺣ ﺩﻭﺭﻭ ﺕﺎﻌﻓﺩ ﺩﺍﺪﻌﺗ .ﺪﻳﺩﺮﮔ

ﺑ ﻪ ﺖﺒﺛ ﻥﺩﻮﻤﻧ ﻩﺪﻫﺎﺸﻣ ﺎﺑ ﻭﺯﺎﺑ ﺮﻫ ﻞﺧﺍﺩ ﻲﻣ

ﺪﺷ ـﺑ ﻥﺍﻮـﻴﺣ ﺩﻭﺭﻭ . ﻪ

ﺑ ﻥﺍﻮﻴﺣ ﻲﺒﻘﻋ ﻱﺎﻫﺎﭘ ﻪﻛ ﺩﻮﺑ ﻲﻧﺎﻣﺯ ﻭﺯﺎﺑ ﻚﻳ ﻞﺧﺍﺩ ﻪ

ﻞـﻣﺎﻛ ﺭﻮـﻃ

ﻲﻣ ﺭﺍﺮﻗ ﻭﺯﺎﺑ ﻞﺧﺍﺩ ﺭﺩ ﺖﻓﺮﮔ

ﻱﺎـﻫﺩﻭﺭﻭ ﻥﺍﻮـﻨﻋ ﻪـﺑ ﺏﻭﺎـﻨﺗ ﺭﺎـﺘﻓﺭ .

ــﺑ (ﻝﺎﻳﺮــﺳ) ﻢــﻫ ﺮــﺳ ﺖــﺸﭘ ﻭ ﻖــﻓﻮﻣ ﻪ

ﺭﺩ ﺎــﻫﻭﺯﺎﺑ ﻡﺎــﻤﺗ ﻞــﺧﺍﺩ

ﻪﻋﻮﻤﺠﻣ ﻪﺳ ﻱﺎﻫ ﺪـﺻﺭﺩ ﺐـﻴﺗﺮﺗ ﻦﻳﺪـﺑ .ﺪـﺷ ﻪـﺘﻓﺮﮔ ﺮﻈﻧ ﺭﺩ ﻲﻳﺎﺗ

ﺏﻭﺎﻨﺗ ﺖﺒﺴﻧ ﺯﺍ ﺏﻭﺎﻨﺗ ) ﺏﻭﺎـﻨﺗ ﺮﺜﻛﺍﺪـﺣ ﻪـﺑ ﻩﺪـﺷ ﻩﺪﻫﺎـﺸﻣ

2 -

(ﻩﺪﺷ ﺩﺭﺍﻭ ﻱﺎﻫﻭﺯﺎﺑ ﻞﻛ ﺩﺍﺪﻌﺗ ×

100 .ﺪﻳﺩﺮﮔ ﻪﺒﺳﺎﺤﻣ

ﻥﻮﻟﺎﻣ ﺶﺠﻨﺳ ﻱﺩ

ﺪﻟﺁ ﻫ ﻲﺘﻓﺎﺑ ﺪﻴ

(MDA)

،ﻱﺰﻨﺗﻮـﻳ ﺵﻭﺭ ﻪـﺑ ﻥﺍﻮـﻴﺣ ﻦﺘـﺸﻛ ﻭ ﺭﺎـﻛ ﻥﺎﻳﺎﭘ ﺯﺍ ﺲﭘ ﻙﻮـﻠﺑ

ﭗﻣﺎﻛﻮﭙﻴﻫ ﺰﻐﻣ

) ﺲﻧﺍﺮﻓﺭ ﺱﺎﺳﺍ ﺮﺑ 18

( ﺯﺍ ﺲﭘ ﻭ ﻩﺪﺷ ﺍﺪﺟ ﻥﺪﺑ ﺯﺍ

ـﺳ ﻥﺩﻮـﻤﻧ ﻚـﺸﺧ ﻭ ﺩﺮﺳ ﻦﻴﻟﺎﺳ ﻝﻮﻠﺤﻣ ﺎﺑ ﻮﺸﺘﺴﺷ ﻦﻳﺯﻮـﺗ ًﺎﻌﻳﺮ

ﺕﺪـﻣ ﻪـﺑ ﺲﻳﺮـﺗ ﺮﻓﺎـﺑ ﻩﺍﺮﻤﻫ ﻪﺑ ﺖﻓﺎﺑ ﺲﭙﺳ ﻭ ﻩﺪﺷ 2

ﺎـﺑ ﻪـﻘﻴﻗﺩ

ﺎﻧژﻮﻤﻫ ﻩﺎﮕﺘﺳﺩ ﻳ

ﺭﺰ ﺭﻭﺩ ﺎﺑ 5000 ﻗﺩ ﺭﺩ ﺭﻭﺩ ﻴ ﻪـﻘ ) ﻩﺰﻴﻧژﻮـﻤﻫ 10

% (

ﺪﻳﺩﺮﮔ ﻭ ﻝﻮﻠﺤﻣ ﻩﺰﻴﻧژﻮﻤﻫ

،ﻩﺪﺷ ژﻮﻔﻳﺮﺘﻧﺎﺳ ﺪﺷ

. ﻱﺍﺮـﺑ ﻱﺮﻴﮔﻮـﻠﺟ

ﺯﺍ ﺐﻳﺮﺨﺗ ﻢﻳﺰﻧﺁ ﺎﻫ ﻭ ﻦﻴﺌﺗﻭﺮﭘ ﺎـﻫ ﻲﻣﺎـﻤﺗ ﺭﺩ ﻩﺪـﺷ ﻪـﺘﻔﮔ ﻞـﺣﺍﺮﻣ

ﻱﺎﻣﺩ 4 ﺘﻧﺎﺳ ﻪﺟﺭﺩ ﻲ

ﺩﺍﺮﮔ ﻝﺎﭽﺨﻳ ژﻮﻔﻳﺮﺘﻧﺎﺳ) ﺲﭘ .ﺪﺷ ﻡﺎﺠﻧﺍ (ﺭﺍﺩ

،ﻩﺪﺷ ﺍﺪﺟ ﻝﻮﻠﺤﻣ ﻪﻴﻘﺑ ﺯﺍ ﻑﺎﻔﺷ ﻲﻳﻭﺭ ﻝﻮﻠﺤﻣ ،ژﻮﻔﻳﺮﺘﻧﺎﺳ ﻡﺎﺠﻧﺍ ﺯﺍ ﺯ ﺶﺨﺑ ﻳﺮ ﻳ ﻦ ﻑﺎﻔـﺷ ﻝﻮـﻠﺤﻣ ﺯﺍ ﻭ ﺪـﺷ ﻪـﺘﺨﻳﺭ ﺭﻭﺩ ﻩﺩﺮـﻛ ﺏﻮﺳﺭ

ﻳﻭﺭ ﻲ ﻩﺯﺍﺪـﻧﺍ .ﺪﺷ ﻩﺩﺎﻔﺘﺳﺍ ﺶﺠﻨﺳ ﻱﺍﺮﺑ ﺢﻄـﺳ ﻱﺮـﻴﮔ

ﺮـﺑMDA

ﺷﻭﺭ ﺱﺎﺳﺍ ﻲ

ﺪﻴـﺳﺍ ﻚـﻳﺭﻮﺘﻴﺑﺭﺎﺑﻮﻴﺗ ﺶﻨـﻛﺍﻭ ﻥﺁ ﺱﺎﺳﺍ ﻪﻛ ﺖﺳﺍ

(TBA)

ﻪﻛ ﺖﺳﺍ ﺎﻣﺩ ﺭﺩ ﻱ ﻲﻣ ﻡﺎﺠﻧﺍ ﺵﻮﺟ ﮔ

ﻴ ﺩﺮ ﺍ ﺭﺩ . ﻳ ﻦ ﺎﻣﺯﺁ ﻳ ﺶ

ﻳﺎMDA

ﻪﺒﺷ ﺩﺍﻮﻣ ﺎﺑMDA

ﺗﺭﻮـﺻ ﮓﻧﺭ ﻭ ﻩﺩﺍﺩ ﺶﻨﻛﺍﻭTBA

ﻲ

ﺍﻳ ﻣ ﺩﺎﺠ ﻲ ﻨﻛ ﻨ ﺭﻮﻧ ﺏﺬﺟ ﻢﻤﻳﺰﻛﺎﻣ ﻪﻛ ﺪ ﻱ

ﺝﻮـﻣ ﻝﻮـﻃ ﺭﺩ ﻥﺁ 532

ﺍ .ﺖﺳﺍ ﺮﺘﻣﻮﻧﺎﻧ ﻳ

ﻦ ﺭﺩ ﺶﻨﻛﺍﻭ ﻱﺪﻴﺳﺍ ﻂﻴﺤﻣ

ﺎﻣﺩ ﺭﺩ ﻭ ﻱ ﺵﻮﺟ ﻪـﺑ

ﺕﺪﻣ 90 ﻗﺩ ﻴ ﻪﻘ ﺭﻮـﻧ ﺏﺬﺟ ،ﻪﻧﻮﻤﻧ ﻥﺩﺮﻛ ﺩﺮﺳ ﺯﺍ ﺪﻌﺑ .ﺪﺷ ﻡﺎﺠﻧﺍ ﻱ

ﻲـﺴﻛﻮﺗﺍ ﺍﺮﺘﺗ ﻱﺎﻬﺘﻗﺭ ﺱﺎﺳﺍ ﺮﺑ ﺰﻴﻧ ﺩﺭﺍﺪﻧﺎﺘﺳﺍ ﻲﻨﺤﻨﻣ .ﺪﺷ ﻩﺪﻧﺍﻮﺧ ﻪـﻧﻮﻤﻧ ﺯﺍ ﻩﺪـﻣﺁ ﺖﺳﺩ ﻪﺑ ﻱﺭﻮﻧ ﻱﺎﻬﺑﺬﺟ ﻭ ﺪﺷ ﻪﻴﻬﺗ ﻥﺎﭘﻭﺮﭘ ﺮـﺑ ﺎـﻫ

ﻭﺭ ﻱ .ﺪﺷ ﻩﺩﺍﺩ ﻖﻴﺒﻄﺗ ﺩﺭﺍﺪﻧﺎﺘﺳﺍ ﻲﻨﺤﻨﻣ

(4)

ﻱﺭﺎﻣﺁ ﺰﻴﻟﺎﻧﺁ ﻦﻴﮕﻧﺎـﻴﻣ ﺕﺭﻮﺻ ﻪﺑ ﺞﻳﺎﺘﻧ ﻡﺎﻤﺗ ﺭﺎـﻴﻌﻣ ﻑﺍﺮـﺤﻧﺍ±

ﻩﺪـﺷ ﻥﺎـﻴﺑ

.ﺖﺳﺍ ﺍﺮﺑ ﻱ ﺎﻘﻣ ﻳ ﻪﺴ ﺑﻴ ﻦ ﻫﻭﺮﮔ ﻲ ﺎـﺘﻧ ﺩﺭﻮـﻣ ﺭﺩ ﻳ

ﺞ ﺰﻛﻮـﻠﮔ ﻭ ﻥﺯﻭ

ﺎﻫ ﺺﺧﺎﺷ ﻭ ﻡﺮﺳ ﻱ

ﺴﻛﺍ ﺱﺮﺘﺳﺍ ﻴ

ﺗﺍﺪ ﻴﻮ ﻚـﻳ ﻱﺍﻭﻮـﻧﺁ ﻥﻮـﻣﺯﺁ ﺯﺍ

ﺖﺴﺗ ﻭ ﻪﻓﺮﻃ ﻲﺒﻴﻘﻌﺗ

ﻲﻛﻮﺗ ﻦﻴـﻨﭽﻤﻫ .ﺪـﺷ ﻩﺩﺎﻔﺘﺳﺍ ﻥﻮـﻣﺯﺁ ﺯﺍ

ﻩﺯﺍﺪﻧﺍ ﺎﺑ ﺍﻭﻮﻧﺁ ﺭﺮﻜﻣ ﻱﺮﻴﮔ

ﻩﺩﺍﺩ ﻪـﺴﻳﺎﻘﻣ ﻱﺍﺮﺑ ﻪـﺘﻔﻫ ﺭﺩ ﺎـﻫ

ﻱﺎـﻫ

ﺰﻴﻧ ﺲﻴﻟﺍﻭ ﻝﺎﻜﺳﻭﺮﻛ ﻚﻳﺮﺘﻣﺍﺭﺎﭘﺮﻴﻏ ﻥﻮﻣﺯﺁ .ﺪﺷ ﻩﺩﺎﻔﺘﺳﺍ ﻒﻠﺘﺨﻣ .ﺪـﺷ ﻩﺩﺎﻔﺘـﺳﺍ ﻱﺭﺎـﺘﻓﺭ ﻱﺍ ﻥﻮـﻣﺯﺁ ﺞﻳﺎـﺘﻧ ﺰﻴﻟﺎﻧﺁ ﻱﺍﺮﺑ ﻡﺎـﻤﺗ ﺭﺩ

،ﺎﻬﻴﺳﺭﺮﺑ 05 /0

p<

ﻲﻨﻌﻣ ﺢﻄﺳ ﻥﺍﻮﻨﻋ ﻪﺑ ﺪﺷ ﻪﺘﻓﺮﮔ ﺮﻈﻧ ﺭﺩ ﺭﺍﺩ

.

ﻪﺘﻓﺎﻳ ﺎﻫ

ﻫ ،ﻥﺯﻭ ﺮﻈﻧ ﺯﺍ ﻴ

ﻪﻧﻮﮕﭽ ﻨﻌﻣ ﺕﻭﺎﻔﺗ ﻲ

ﺭﺍﺩ ﻱ ﺑﻴ ﻦ ﻪﺘﻔﻫ ﺭﺩ ﺎﻬﻫﻭﺮﮔ

ﻞﺒﻗ ﺯﺍ ﻪﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣ ﻣ .ﺪﺸﻧ ﻩﺪﻫﺎﺸﻣ ـﻴ

ﻥﺍﺰ ﻐﺗ ﻭ ـﻴﻴ ﺕﺍﺮ ﺐـﺴﺣﺮﺑ ﻥﺯﻭ ﺯﻣ

ﻜﻔﺗ ﻪﺑ ﻭ ﻥﺎ ﻴ

ﻚ ﺎﻬﻫﻭﺮﮔ ﻱ ﻭﺭﺍﺩ ﻳ ﻲ ﺭﺍﺩﻮـﻤﻧ ﺭﺩ 1

ﻪـﺋﺍﺭﺍ ﻩﺪـﺷ ﻭ

ـﻣ ﻥﺎﺸﻧ ﻲ ﺪـﻫﺩ ﻪـﻛ ﻻﺎـﺑ ﺯﻭﺩ ﺎـﺑ ﺭﺎـﻤﻴﺗ ﺖـﺤﺗ ﻝﺮـﺘﻨﻛ ﻩﻭﺮـﮔ ﻱ

ﺗﻴ ﻛﻮﻤ ﻴ ﻥﻮﻨ ﻣ ﻪﺑ ﻴ ﻥﺍﺰ

mg/kg

5 ﻝﺮـﺘﻨﻛ ﻩﻭﺮـﮔ ﺎـﺑ ﻪﺑﺎـﺸﻣ

، ﻚـﻳ

ﺩﺍﺩ ﻥﺎﺸﻧ ﻢﺸﺷ ﻪﺘﻔﻫ ﻥﺎﻳﺎﭘ ﺭﺩ ﺍﺭ ﻥﺯﻭ ﻲﻌﻴﺒﻃ ﺶﻳﺍﺰﻓﺍ

، ﺪﻨﭼ ﺮﻫ

ﻧ ﻲﺘﺑﺎﻳﺩ ﻩﻭﺮﮔ ﺭﺩ .ﺩﻮﺑ ﺮﺘﻤﻛ ﺶﻳﺍﺰﻓﺍ ﻦﻳﺍ ﻴﺰ

ﻚـﻳ ﻢـﺸﺷ ﻪﺘﻔﻫ ﺭﺩ

ﻲﻨﻌﻣ ﺶﻫﺎﻛ ﻞـﺒﻗ ﻪﺘﻔﻫ ﺎﺑ ﻪﺴﻳﺎﻘﻣ ﺭﺩ ﺭﺍﺩ

ﺯﺍ ﻲـﺳﺭﺮﺑ ) 01 /0

p<

(

ﺪﻳﺩﺮﮔ ﻩﺪﻫﺎﺸﻣ

، ﺑ ﻪ ﺭﻮﻃ ﻱ ﻪـﻛ ﺯﺍ ﻥﺯﻭ 5/

241 ﻪـﺑ 3/

187 ﻡﺮـﮔ

ﺳﺭ ﻴ ﺪ ﺮﮕﻳﺩ ﻑﺮﻃ ﺯﺍ .

، ﻭ ﻲﺘﺑﺎـﻳﺩ ﻩﻭﺮـﮔ ﻭﺩ ﻦﻴـﺑ ﺩﻮـﺟﻮﻣ ﺕﻭﺎـﻔﺗ

ﺎـﭘ ﺯﻭﺩ ﺎـﺑ ﻥﺎـﻣﺭﺩ ﺖﺤﺗ ﻲﺘﺑﺎﻳﺩ ﻳﻴ

ﻦ )

mg/kg

5 /2 ﻻﺎـﺑ ﺯﻭﺩ ﻭ ( ﻱ

ﺗﻴ ﻛﻮﻤ ﻴ ﻥﻮــﻨ )

mg/kg

5 ﺎﭘ ﺭﺩ ( ــﻳ ﻥﺎ ﻧ ﻢــﺸﺷ ﻪــﺘﻔﻫ ــﻴ

ﺰ ﺪــﺣ ﺭﺩ

ﻲﻨﻌﻣ ﺩﻮﺑ ﺭﺍﺩ ) 05 /0

p<

( ﺖـﺤﺗ ﻲﺘﺑﺎـﻳﺩ ﻩﻭﺮـﮔ ﺭﺩ ﻥﺯﻭ ﻥﺍﺰـﻴﻣ ﻭ

ﺗ ﺎﺑ ﺭﺎﻤﻴﺗ ﻴ ﻛﻮﻤ ﻴ ﻥﻮﻨ ﺍﺩ ﻥﺎﺸﻧ ﻱﺮﺘﻤﻛ ﺶﻫﺎﻛ ﺩ

.

ﺭﺍﺩﻮﻤﻧ 1 - ﻒﻠﺘﺨﻣ ﻱﺎﻬﻧﺎﻣﺯ ﺭﺩ ﻥﺪﺑ ﻥﺯﻭ ﺕﺍﺮﻴﻴﻐﺗ ﺯﻭﺩ ﻭﺩ ﺭﺩ ﻥﻮﻨﻴﻛﻮﻤﻴﺗ ﺎﺑ ﻩﺪﺷ ﺭﺎﻤﻴﺗ ﻲﺘﺑﺎﻳﺩ ﻭ ﻝﺮﺘﻨﻛ ﻲﻳﺍﺮﺤﺻ ﻱﺎﻬﺷﻮﻣ ﺭﺩ

5 / 2 ﻭ mg/kg 5

01**

/0 p<

ﺎﺑ ﻪﺴﻳﺎﻘﻣ ﺭﺩ) ﻩﻭﺮﮔ ﻥﺎﻤﻫ ﺭﺩ ﻪﻳﺎﭘ ﺢﻄﺳ

( ، 05# / 0 p<

(ﻪﺘﻔﻫ ﻥﺎﻤﻫ ﺭﺩ ﻲﺘﺑﺎﻳﺩ ﻩﻭﺮﮔ ﺎﺑ ﻪﺴﻳﺎﻘﻣ ﺭﺩ)

ﻩﺭﺎﻤـﺷ ﺭﺍﺩﻮـﻤﻧ ﺭﺩ ،ﻡﺮـﺳ ﺰﻛﻮـﻠﮔ ﻥﺍﺰﻴﻣ 2

ﻪـﺋﺍﺭﺍ ﻩﺪـﺷ ﻥﺎـﺸﻧ ﻭ

ﻣ ﻲ ﺪﻫﺩ ﻲـﻨﻌﻣ ﺕﻭﺎﻔﺗ ﻲﺳﺭﺮﺑ ﺯﺍ ﻞﺒﻗ ﻪﺘﻔﻫ ﺭﺩ ﺭﺍﺩ

ﻱ ﺎـﻬﻫﻭﺮﮔ ﻦﻴـﺑ

ﺪﺸﻧ ﺖﻓﺎﻳ .

ﻪﺘﻔﻫ ﺭﺩ ﻱﺎﻫ 3 ﻭ 6 ﻩﻭﺮـﮔ ﻭﺩ ﺭﺩ ﻡﺮـﺳ ﺰﻛﻮـﻠﮔ ﻥﺍﺰﻴﻣ

ﺗ ﺎـﺑ ﺭﺎـﻤﻴﺗ ﺖـﺤﺗ ﻲﺘﺑﺎﻳﺩ ﻭ ﻲﺘﺑﺎﻳﺩ ﻴ

ﻛﻮﻤ ﻴ ﻥﻮـﻨ ﺯﻭﺩ ﻭﺩ ﺭﺩ) 5/

2 ﻭ

mg/kg

5 ﺪﺣ ﺭﺩ ( ﻲﻨﻌﻣ ) ﺭﺍﺩ 0005 /0

p<

ﺎـﺗ 05 /0

p<

ﺯﺍ ﺮﺘـﺸﻴﺑ (

) ﺩﻮﺑ ﻝﺮﺘﻨﻛ ﻩﻭﺮﮔ

mg/dl

8 / 353 ﺩ ﻩﻭﺮﮔ ﺭﺩ ﻳ

ﺘﺑﺎ ﻲ

،

mg/dl

2 / 188

ﺩ ﻩﻭﺮﮔ ﺭﺩ ﻳ

ﺘﺑﺎ ﻲ ﺭﺩ ﻳ ﺖﻓﺎ ﺗ ﻩﺪﻨﻨﻛ ﻴ ﻛﻮﻤ ﻴ ﻥﻮﻨ ﻣ ﻪﺑ ﻴ ﻥﺍﺰ

mg/kg

5 /2

ﻭ

mg/dl

3 / 176 ﺩ ﻩﻭﺮﮔ ﺭﺩ ﻳ

ﺘﺑﺎ ﻲ ﺭﺩ ﻳ ﺖﻓﺎ ﺗ ﻩﺪـﻨﻨﻛ ﻴ ﻛﻮﻤ ﻴ ﻥﻮـﻨ ﻪـﺑ

ﻣﻴ ﻥﺍﺰ

mg/kg

5 ﺎﭘ ﺭﺩ ﻳ ﻥﺎ (ﻢﺸﺷ ﻪﺘﻔﻫ

، ﻲﺘﺑﺎـﻳﺩ ﻩﻭﺮﮔ ﺭﺩ ﺪﻨﭼ ﺮﻫ

ﺎـﭘ ﺯﻭﺩ ﺎـﺑ ﻥﺎـﻣﺭﺩ ﺖﺤﺗ ﻳﻴ

ﻦ )

mg/kg

5 /2 ﻻﺎـﺑ ﻭ ( ﻱ ﺗ ﻴ ﻛﻮﻤ ﻴ ﻥﻮـﻨ

)

mg/kg

5 ـﺑ ﻡﺮـﺳ ﺰﻛﻮـﻠﮔ ﻥﺍﺰﻴﻣ ( ﻪ

ﻲـﻨﻌﻣ ﺭﻮـﻃ ﺭﺍﺩ

ﻱ ﺎﭘ ﺭﺩ ـﻳ ﻥﺎ

ﻪﺘﻔﻫ ﻱﺎﻫ 3 ﻭ 6 ﺑ ﻩﺪﺸﻧ ﻥﺎﻣﺭﺩ ﻲﺘﺑﺎﻳﺩ ﻩﻭﺮﮔ ﺯﺍ ﺮﺘﻤﻛ ﺩﻮ

) 01 /0

p<

ﺎﺗ 005 /0

p<

ﺑ .(

ﻪ ﻻﺎـﺑ ﺯﻭﺩ ﺎـﺑ ﺭﺎـﻤﻴﺗ ﺖـﺤﺗ ﻝﺮﺘﻨﻛ ﻩﻭﺮﮔ ،ﻩﻭﻼﻋ ﻱ

ﺗﻴ ﻛﻮﻤ ﻴ ﻥﻮﻨ ﻨﻌﻣ ﺶﻫﺎﻛ ﻲ

) ﺮﺘﻣﺍﺭﺎـﭘ ﻦـﻳﺍ ﺭﺍﺩ

mg/dl

5/

104 ﺭﺩ ﺍﺭ (

) ﻝﺮﺘﻨﻛ ﻩﻭﺮﮔ ﺎﺑ ﻪﺴﻳﺎﻘﻣ

mg/dl

4 / 141 ﻥﺎﺸﻧ ( ) ﺩﺍﺩ 05 /0

p<

.(

ﺭﺩ ﺩ ﻭ ﻲﺘﺑﺎﻳﺩ ﻱﺎﻬﺷﻮﻣ ﻳ

ﺘﺑﺎ ﻲ ﺎﻫ ﻱ ﺗ ﺖـﺤﺗ ﻴ ﺭﺎـﻤ ﺎـﭘ ﺯﻭﺩ ﺎـﺑ ﻳﻴ

ﻦ ﻭ

ﻻﺎﺑ ﺯﻭﺩ ﻱ ﺗ ﻴ ﻛﻮﻤ ﻴ ﻥﻮﻨ ﻲﻨﻌﻣ ﺮﻴﻏ ﻭ ﺮﺼﺘﺨﻣ ﺶﻫﺎﻛ ﺭﺍﺩ

ﻱ ﺩﺭﻮـﻣ ﺭﺩ

ﺑ ﻝﺮﺘﻨﻛ ﻩﻭﺮﮔ ﺎﺑ ﻪﺴﻳﺎﻘﻣ ﺭﺩ ﻪﻴﻟﻭﺍ ﺮﻴﺧﺄﺗ ﻪ

ﺑ .ﺪﻣﺁ ﺖﺳﺩ ﻪ

ﺯﺍ ،ﻩﻭﻼـﻋ

ﺧﺄﺗ ﺮﻈﻧ ﻴﺮ ﻟﻭﺍ ـﻴ ﻪ ﻫﻴ ﻪـﻧﻮﮕﭽ ـﻨﻌﻣ ﺕﻭﺎـﻔﺗ ﻲ

ﺭﺍﺩ ﻱ ـﺑ ﻴ ﻦ ﺎـﻬﻫﻭﺮﮔ ﻱ

ﺩﻳ ﺘﺑﺎ ﻲ ﺩ ﻭ ﻳ ﺘﺑﺎ ﻲ ﺎﻫ ﻱ ﺗ ﺖﺤﺗ ﻴ ﺭﺎـﻤ ﺗ ﺎـﺑ ﻴ ﻛﻮﻤ ﻴ ﻥﻮـﻨ ﺎﻘﻣ ﺭﺩ ﻳ ﻪـﺴ ﺎـﺑ

ﺩﺮﮕﻧ ﻩﺪﻫﺎﺸﻣ ﻝﺮﺘﻨﻛ ﻩﻭﺮﮔ ﻳﺪ

.ﻣ ﻴ ﻥﺍﺰ ﺧﺄﺗ ﻴﺮ ﻟﻭﺍ ـﻴ ﻪ ـﺣ ﺭﺩ ﻴ ﻦ ﺭﻮـﺒﻋ

ﻩﺭﺎﻤﺷ ﺭﺍﺩﻮﻤﻧ ﺭﺩ 3

ﻪﺋﺍﺭﺍ ﻩﺪﺷ ﻣ ﻥﺎﺸﻧ ﻭ ﻲ ﺧﺄﺗ ﻪﻛ ﺪﻫﺩ ﻴﺮ

ـﺣ ﺭﺩ ﻴ ﻦ

ﺭﻮﺒﻋ ) ﺎﻧﺍﻮﺗ ﺯﺍ ﻲﺼﺧﺎﺷ ﻪﻛ ﻳ

ﻲ ﺣ ﻴ ﻥﺍﻮ ﺍﺮﺑ ﻱ ﺭﺍﺪـﻬﮕﻧ ﻱ ﺭﺩ ﺕﺎـﻋﻼﻃﺍ

ﺎﻫﺭﺎﺒﻧﺍ ﻱ ﻪﺑ ﻭ ﻪﻈﻓﺎﺣ ﻳ

ﺭﻭﺁﺩﺎ ﻱ ﻣ ﺎﻬﻧﺁ ﻲ ﺪﺷﺎﺑ ( ﻳ ﻚ ﻨﻌﻣ ﺶﻫﺎﻛ ﻲ

ﺭﺍﺩ

(5)

ﺎﻬــﺷﻮﻣ ﺭﺩ ﻱ

ﺩ ــﻳ ﺘﺑﺎ ﻲ ) 1/

96 ﻧﺎﺛ ــﻴ ﻪ ) ( 01 /0

p<

ﺩ ﻭ ( ــﻳ ﺘﺑﺎ ﻲ ﺖــﺤﺗ

ﺗﻴ ﺭﺎﻤ ﺎﭘ ﺯﻭﺩ ﺎﺑ ﻳﻴ ﻦ ﺗ ﻴ ﻛﻮﻤ ﻴ ﻥﻮـﻨ ) 8/

30 ﻧﺎﺛ ـﻴ ﻪ ) ( 001 /0

p<

ﺯﻭﺩ ﻭ (

ﻻﺎﺑ ﻱ ﺗ ﻴ ﻛﻮﻤ ﻴ ﻥﻮـﻨ ) 3/

61 ﻧﺎﺛ ـﻴ ﻪ ) ( 005 /0

p<

ﺍﺩ ( ﻦﻴـﻨﭽﻤﻫ .ﺖـﺷ

ﻣﻴ ﻥﺍﺰ ﺍﻳ ﻦ ﺩ ﻩﻭﺮـﮔ ﺭﺩ ﺮﺘﻣﺍﺭﺎـﭘ ـﻳ

ﺘﺑﺎ ﻲ ﺗ ﺖـﺤﺗ ﻴ ﺭﺎـﻤ ﻻﺎـﺑ ﺯﻭﺩ ﺎـﺑ ﻱ

ﺗﻴ ﻛﻮﻤ ﻴ ﻥﻮﻨ ﺩ ﻩﻭﺮﮔ ﺯﺍ ﻳ ﺘﺑﺎ ﻲ ﺗ ﻴ ﺭﺎﻤ .ﺩﻮﺑ ﺮﺘﻤﻛ ﻩﺪﺸﻧ ﻩﻭﻼﻋ ﻪﺑ

ﺭﺎﻤﻴﺗ ،

ﺗ ﺎـﺑ ﻝﺮـﺘﻨﻛ ﻩﻭﺮﮔ ﻱﺎﻬﺷﻮﻣ ﻴ

ﻛﻮﻤ ﻴ ﻥﻮـﻨ ﻧ ـﻴ ﺰ ـﻳ ﻚ ﻭ ﺯﺭﺎـﺑ ﺶﻫﺎـﻛ

ﻲﻨﻌﻣ ) ﺍﺭ ﺭﻮﺒﻋ ﻦﻴﺣ ﺭﺩ ﺮﻴﺧﺄﺗ ﺭﺍﺩ 8/

25 ﻧﺎﺛ ﻴﻪ ﻩﻭﺮـﮔ ﺎﺑ ﻪﺴﻳﺎﻘﻣ ﺭﺩ (

) ﻝﺮﺘﻨﻛ 5/

184 ﻧﺎﺛ ﻴﻪ ( ﺪﻧﺩﺍﺩ ﻥﺎﺸﻧ )

001 /0

p<

( 32 /3 )=

4،31 ( . F

ﺞﻳﺎﺘﻧ ﺯﺎﻣ ﻥﻮﻣﺯﺁ ﺎﻀﻓ ﻪﻈﻓﺎﺣ ﺯﺍ ﻲﺼﺧﺎﺷ ﻪﻛY

ﻳ ﻩﺎﺗﻮﻛ ﻲ ﺯﺍ ﺕﺪـﻣ

ﺘﺧﺎﻨــﺷﺯﺎﺑ ﻉﻮــﻧ ﻲ

)

Recognition

ﺵﻮــﻣ ﺮــﻴﻈﻧ ﻲﻧﺎﮔﺪــﻧﻮﺟ ﺭﺩ ( ﺍﺮﺤﺻ

ﻳ ﻲ ﺖﺳﺍ ﻩﺭﺎﻤﺷ ﺭﺍﺩﻮﻤﻧ ﺭﺩ 4

ﻪﺋﺍﺭﺍ ﻩﺪﺷ ﻥﺎﺸﻧ ﻭ ﻲﻣ ﺪﻫﺩ ﻪـﻛ

) ﻲﺘﺑﺎــﻳﺩ ﻩﻭﺮــﮔ ﺕﺎــﻧﺍﻮﻴﺣ ﺭﺩ ﺏﻭﺎــﻨﺗ ﺪــﺻﺭﺩ 8/

38 ــﺑ (%

ﻪ ﺭﻮــﻃ

ﻲــﻨﻌﻣ ﺭﺍﺩ ﻱ ) ﻝﺮــﺘﻨﻛ ﻩﻭﺮــﮔ ﺯﺍ ﺮــﺘﻤﻛ 4/

85 ) ﺩﻮــﺑ (%

005 /0

p<

( .

ﻦﻴﻨﭽﻤﻫ ﺎـﻬﻫﻭﺮﮔ ﺭﺩ ﺏﻭﺎـﻨﺗ ﺪـﺻﺭﺩ

ﻱ ـﻤﻴﺗ ﺖـﺤﺗ ﻲﺘﺑﺎـﻳﺩ ﺎـﺑ ﺭﺎ

ﺗﻴ ﻛﻮﻤ ﻴ ﻥﻮﻨ ﺎﺑ ﺯﻭﺩ ﻻﺎﺑ ) 3/

74 ﺑ (%

ﻪ ﻨﻌﻣ ﺭﻮﻃ ﻲ ﺭﺍﺩ ﻱ ﺑﻴ ﺮﺘﺸ ﻩﻭﺮﮔ ﺯﺍ

) ﻲﺘﺑﺎﻳﺩ 8/

38 ) ﺩﻮﺑ (%

01 /0

p<

ﺑ .(

ﻪ ﺗ ﺰﻳﻮﺠﺗ ،ﻩﻭﻼﻋ ﻴ

ﻛﻮﻤ ﻴ ﻥﻮـﻨ ﻪـﺑ

) ﻝﺮﺘﻨﻛ ﻩﻭﺮﮔ 3/

89 ﻲﻨﻌﻣ ﺮﻴﻴﻐﺗ (%

ﺭﺍﺩ ﻱ ﺍ ﺯﺍ ﻳ ﻦ ﺎـﺑ ﻪﺴﻳﺎﻘﻣ ﺭﺩ ﺮﻈﻧ

) ﻝﺮﺘﻨﻛ ﻩﻭﺮﮔ 7/

86 ﺩﻮﻤﻨﻧ ﺩﺎﺠﻳﺍ (%

09 /4 )=

4،31 ( . F

ﺭﺍﺩﻮﻤﻧ 2 - ﻒﻠﺘﺨﻣ ﻱﺎﻬﻧﺎﻣﺯ ﺭﺩ ﻡﺮﺳ ﺰﻛﻮﻠﮔ ﺕﺍﺮﻴﻴﻐﺗ ﺯﻭﺩ ﻭﺩ ﺭﺩ ﻥﻮﻨﻴﻛﻮﻤﻴﺗ ﺎﺑ ﺭﺎﻤﻴﺗ ﺖﺤﺗ ﻲﺘﺑﺎﻳﺩ ﻭ ﻝﺮﺘﻨﻛ ﻲﻳﺍﺮﺤﺻ ﻱﺎﻬﺷﻮﻣ ﺭﺩ

5 / 2 ﻭ mg/kg 5

05* /0 p<

، 01**

/0 p<

، 0005***

/0 p<

،(ﻩﻭﺮﮔ ﻥﺎﻤﻫ ﺭﺩ ﻪﻳﺎﭘ ﺢﻄﺳ ﺎﺑ ﻪﺴﻳﺎﻘﻣ ﺭﺩ) 01##

/0 p<

، 005###

/0 p<

(ﻪﺘﻔﻫ ﻥﺎﻤﻫ ﺭﺩ ﻲﺘﺑﺎﻳﺩ ﻩﻭﺮﮔ ﺎﺑ ﻪﺴﻳﺎﻘﻣ ﺭﺩ)

ﺭﺍﺩﻮﻤﻧ 3 - ﺭﻮﺒﻋ ﻦﻴﺣ ﺭﺩ ﺮﻴﺧﺄﺗ ﻭ ﻪﻴﻟﻭﺍ ﺮﻴﺧﺄﺗ ﻥﺍﺰﻴﻣ ﺎﺑ ﻩﺪﺷ ﺭﺎﻤﻴﺗ ﻲﺘﺑﺎﻳﺩ ﻭ ﻝﺮﺘﻨﻛ ﻲﻳﺍﺮﺤﺻ ﻱﺎﻬﺷﻮﻣ ﺭﺩ ﻝﺎﻌﻓ ﺮﻴﻏ ﻲﺑﺎﻨﺘﺟﺍ ﻥﻮﻣﺯﺁ ﺭﺩ

ﺯﻭﺩ ﻭﺩ ﺭﺩ ﻥﻮﻨﻴﻛﻮﻤﻴﺗ 5

/ 2 ﻭ

mg/kg 5 ﺖﺷﺬﮔ ﺯﺍ ﺲﭘ 6

ﻪﺘﻔﻫ

01**

/0 p<

، 005***

/0 p<

، 001****

/0 p<

(ﻝﺮﺘﻨﻛ ﺎﺑ ﻪﺴﻳﺎﻘﻣ ﺭﺩ)

(6)

ﺭﺍﺩﻮﻤﻧ 4 - ﺏﻭﺎﻨﺗ ﺪﺻﺭﺩ ﺯﺎﻣ ﻥﻮﻣﺯﺁ ﺭﺩ

ﺎﺑ ﻩﺪﺷ ﺭﺎﻤﻴﺗ ﻲﺘﺑﺎﻳﺩ ﻭ ﻝﺮﺘﻨﻛ ﻲﻳﺍﺮﺤﺻ ﻱﺎﻬﺷﻮﻣ ﺭﺩY ﺯﻭﺩ ﻭﺩ ﺭﺩ ﻥﻮﻨﻴﻛﻮﻤﻴﺗ

5 / 2 ﻭ mg/kg 5 ﺖﺷﺬﮔ ﺯﺍ ﺲﭘ 6

ﻪﺘﻔﻫ

01**

/0 p<

، 005***

/0 p<

،(ﻝﺮﺘﻨﻛ ﺎﺑ ﻪﺴﻳﺎﻘﻣ ﺭﺩ) 01##

/0 p<

(ﻲﺘﺑﺎﻳﺩ ﺎﺑ ﻪﺴﻳﺎﻘﻣ ﺭﺩ)

ﻥﻮـﻣﺯﺁ ﺭﺩ ﺵﻮـﻣ ﺮـﻫ ﻱﺍﺮـﺑ ﻩﺪﺷ ﺩﺭﺍﻭ ﻱﻭﺯﺎﺑ ﻞﻛ ﺩﺍﺪﻌﺗ ﻪـﻛY

ﺎﻧﺍﻮﺗ ﻥﺍﺰﻴﻣ ﺯﺍ ﻲﺼﺧﺎﺷ ﻳ

ﻲـﻣ ﻥﺍﻮﻴﺣ ﻲﺘﻛﺮﺣ ﻲ ﺭﺍﺩﻮـﻤﻧ ﺭﺩ ﺪـﺷﺎﺑ

5

ﻪﺋﺍﺭﺍ ﻩﺪﺷ ـﻣ ﻥﺎﺸﻧ ﻭ ﻲ

ﻲـﻨﻌﻣ ﺕﻭﺎـﻔﺗ ًﻼـﻤﻋ ﻪـﻛ ﺪـﻫﺩ ﺭﺍﺩ

ﻱ ﻦﻴـﺑ

ﺪﺸﻧ ﺖﻓﺎﻳ ﺎﻬﻫﻭﺮﮔ

، ﺎﻬﻫﻭﺮﮔ ﺭﺩ ﺪﻨﭼ ﺮﻫ ﻱ

ﻭ ﻩﺪـﺸﻧ ﺭﺎـﻤﻴﺗ ﻲﺘﺑﺎـﻳﺩ

ﻲﺘﺑﺎﻳﺩ ﺎﻫ ﻱ ﺗ ﺎﺑ ﻩﺪﺷ ﺭﺎﻤﻴﺗ ﻴ

ﻛﻮﻤ ﻴ ﻥﻮﻨ ﺮـﺼﺘﺨﻣ ﺪﺣ ﺭﺩ ﺮﺘﻣﺍﺭﺎﭘ ﻦﻳﺍ

ﺑ ﻭ ﻪ ﻲﻨﻌﻣ ﺮﻴﻏ ﺭﻮﻃ ﺭﺍﺩ

ﻱ ﺑ ﻝﺮﺘﻨﻛ ﻩﻭﺮﮔ ﺯﺍ ﻴ

ﺮﺘﺸ .ﺩﻮﺑ

ﺎﺑ ﻩﺯﺍﺪﻧﺍ ﮔ ﻴﺮ ﻱ ﺢﻄﺳ ﻫ ﺖﻓﺎﺑ ﺭﺩMDA

ﻴ ﭗﻣﺎﻛﻮﭙ ـﺼﺧﺎﺷ ﻪﻛ ﻲ

ﺯﺍ

ﺴﻛﺍ ﺱﺮﺘﺳﺍ ﻴ

ﺗﺍﺪ ﻴﻮ ﺖﺳﺍ ﺎـﻬﻫﻭﺮﮔ ﺭﺩ ، ﻱ

ﺎﭘ ﺭﺩ ﻒـﻠﺘﺨﻣ ـﻳ

ﻥﺎ ﻪـﺘﻔﻫ

ﻢﺸﺷ

، ﺍ ﻪﻛ ﺪﺷ ﺺﺨﺸﻣ ﻳ

ﻦ ﺗ ﺖـﺤﺗ ﻝﺮﺘﻨﻛ ﻩﻭﺮﮔ ﺭﺩ ﺮﺘﻣﺍﺭﺎﭘ ﻴ

ﺭﺎـﻤ

ﺗ ﺎﺑ ﻴ ﻛﻮﻤ ﻴ ﻥﻮﻨ ﻻﺎﺑ ﺯﻭﺩ ﺭﺩ ﻳ

ﻚ ﻏ ﻭ ﺮـﺼﺘﺨﻣ ﺶﻫﺎـﻛ ـﻴ

ﺮ ـﻨﻌﻣ ﻲ ﺭﺍﺩ ﻧ

ﺖﺒﺴ ﻣ ﻥﺎﺸﻧ ﻝﺮﺘﻨﻛ ﻩﻭﺮﮔ ﻪﺑ ﻲ

ﺩ ﻩﻭﺮـﮔ ﺭﺩ .ﺪﻫﺩ ـﻳ

ﺘﺑﺎ ﻲ ﺎﭘ ﺭﺩ ـﻳ ﻥﺎ

ﺢﻄﺳ ﻢﺸﺷ ﻪﺘﻔﻫ ﺍﺰـﻓﺍMDA

ﻳ ﺶ ـﻨﻌﻣ ﻭ ﻪـﻈﺣﻼﻣ ﻞـﺑﺎﻗ ﻲ

ﺭﺍﺩ ﻱ

) 84 /9 ﻣ ﺮــﺑ ﻝﻮﻣﻮﻧﺎــﻧ ﻴ

ــﻠ ﻲ ﻝﺮــﺘﻨﻛ ﻩﻭﺮــﮔ ﻪــﺑ ﺖﺒــﺴﻧ (ﻡﺮــﮔ

) 53 /5 ﻣ ﺮﺑ ﻝﻮﻣﻮﻧﺎﻧ ﻴ

ـﻠ ﻲ ) ﺩﺍﺩ ﻥﺎـﺸﻧ (ﻡﺮـﮔ 01

/0

p<

ﻩﻭﺮـﮔ ﺭﺩ ﻭ ،(

ﺩﻳ ﺘﺑﺎ ﻲ ﺗ ﺖﺤﺗ ﻴ ﺭﺎـﻤ ﺗ ﺎـﺑ ﻴ ﻛﻮﻤ ﻴ ﻥﻮـﻨ ﺯﻭﺩ ﺭﺩ ﻻﺎـﺑ ﻣ ـﻴ ﻥﺍﺰ ﺍﺰـﻓﺍ ﻳ ﺶ

ﺩ ﻩﻭﺮﮔ ﻪﺑ ﺖﺒﺴﻧMDA

ﻳ ﺘﺑﺎ ﻲ ﺩﻮﺑ ﺮﺘﻤﻛ ﺯﻭﺩ ﻪﺑ ﻪﺘﺴﺑﺍﻭ ﺕﺭﻮﺻ ﻪﺑ

،

ــﺑ ﻪ ﺭﻮــﻃ ﻱ ﻪــﻛ ﺭﺩ ﺩ ﻩﻭﺮــﮔ ــﻳ ﺘﺑﺎ ﻲ ﺗ ﺖــﺤﺗ ﻴ ﺭﺎــﻤ ﻻﺎــﺑ ﺯﻭﺩ ﺎــﺑ ﻱ

ﺗﻴ ﻛﻮﻤ ﻴ

،ﻥﻮــﻨ ﺢﻄــﺳ ﺎﭘ ﺭﺩMDA

ــﻳ ﻥﺎ ﺭﻮــﻃ ﻪــﺑ ﻢــﺸﺷ ﻪــﺘﻔﻫ

ﻨﻌﻣ ﻲ ﺭﺍﺩ ﻱ ) 51 /7 ﻣ ﺮﺑ ﻝﻮﻣﻮﻧﺎﻧ ﻴﻠ

ﻲ ﺩ ﻩﻭﺮـﮔ ﺯﺍ ﺮـﺘﻤﻛ (ﻡﺮـﮔ ـﻳ

ﺘﺑﺎ ﻲ

ﺗﻴ ﺭﺎﻤ ) ﻩﺪﺸﻧ 84 /9 ﻣ ﺮﺑ ﻝﻮﻣﻮﻧﺎﻧ ﻴﻠ

ﻲ ) ﺩﻮﺑ (ﻡﺮﮔ 05

/0

p<

(.

ﺭﺍﺩﻮﻤﻧ 5 - ﻥﺍﻮﻴﺣ ﻲﺘﻛﺮﺣ ﺖﻴﻟﺎﻌﻓ ﺯﺍ ﻲﺼﺧﺎﺷ ﻥﺍﻮﻨﻋ ﻪﺑ ﻩﺪﺷ ﺩﺭﺍﻭ ﻱﻭﺯﺎﺑ ﻞﻛ ﺩﺍﺪﻌﺗ ﺯﺎﻣ ﻥﻮﻣﺯﺁ ﺭﺩ

ﻥﻮﻨﻴﻛﻮﻤﻴﺗ ﺎﺑ ﻩﺪﺷ ﺭﺎﻤﻴﺗ ﻲﺘﺑﺎﻳﺩ ﻭ ﻝﺮﺘﻨﻛ ﻲﻳﺍﺮﺤﺻ ﻱﺎﻬﺷﻮﻣ ﺭﺩY

ﺯﻭﺩ ﻭﺩ ﺭﺩ 5 / 2 ﻭ mg/kg 5 ﺖﺷﺬﮔ ﺯﺍ ﺲﭘ 6

ﻪﺘﻔﻫ

(7)

ﺭﺍﺩﻮﻤﻧ 6 ﻥﺍﺰﻴﻣ : ﺖﻓﺎﺑMDA

ﭗﻣﺎﻛﻮﭙﻴﻫ ﺰﻐﻣ ﻱﺪﻴﭙﻴﻟ ﻥﻮﻴﺳﺍﺪﻴﺴﻛﺍﺮﭘ ﻥﺍﺰﻴﻣ ﺯﺍ ﻲﺼﺧﺎﺷ ﻥﺍﻮﻨﻋ ﻪﺑ ﺎﺑ ﻩﺪﺷ ﺭﺎﻤﻴﺗ ﻲﺘﺑﺎﻳﺩ ﻭ ﻝﺮﺘﻨﻛ ﻲﻳﺍﺮﺤﺻ ﻱﺎﻬﺷﻮﻣ ﺭﺩ

ﺭﺩ ﻥﻮﻨﻴﻛﻮﻤﻴﺗ

ﺯﻭﺩ ﻭﺩ 5 / 2 ﻭ mg/kg 5

05* /0 p<

، 01**

/0 p<

ﺎﺑ ﻪﺴﻳﺎﻘﻣ ﺭﺩ) ﻝﺮﺘﻨﻛ

( ، 05# /0 p<

ﺎﺑ ﻪﺴﻳﺎﻘﻣ ﺭﺩ) ﻩﻭﺮﮔ

(ﻲﺘﺑﺎﻳﺩ

ﺚﺤﺑ

ﻦــﻳﺍ ﺭﺩ ﻘﺤﺗ ــﻴ ﻖ ــﻨﻌﻣ ﺶﻫﺎــﻛ ﻲ

ﺧﺄــﺗ ﺭﺍﺩ ﻴﺮ ــﺣ ﺭﺩ ﻴ ﻦ ﺭﺩ ﺭﻮــﺒﻋ

ﺎﻬﺷﻮﻣ ﻱ ﺩ ﻳ ﺘﺑﺎ ﻲ ﺗ ﺎﺑ ﺭﺎﻤﻴﺗ ﺖﺤﺗ ﻲﺘﺑﺎﻳﺩ ﻭ ﻴ

ﻛﻮﻤ ﻴ ﻥﻮﻨ ﺎﭘ ﺭﺩ ﻳ ﻥﺎ ﺭﺎـﻛ

ﺩﺮﮔ ﻩﺪﻫﺎﺸﻣ ﻳﺪ

ﺗ ﻭ ﻴ ﺭﺎﻤ ﺗ ﺎﺑ ﻴ ﻛﻮﻤ ﻴ ﻥﻮﻨ ﻫ ﺭﺩ ﻴ ﭻ ﺍ ،ﺎﻫﺯﻭﺩ ﺯﺍ ﻡﺍﺪﻛ ﻳ

ﻦ

ﺸﺨﺒﻧ ﺩﻮﺒﻬﺑ ﺍﺭ ﺮﺘﻣﺍﺭﺎﭘ ﻴ

ﺪ ـﺑ . ﻪ ﺕﺎـﻧﺍﻮﻴﺣ ﺭﺩ ﺏﻭﺎـﻨﺗ ﺪـﺻﺭﺩ ،ﻩﻭﻼـﻋ

ﺑ ﻲﺘﺑﺎﻳﺩ ﻪ ﻲﻨﻌﻣ ﺭﻮﻃ ﺩ ﺭﺍ ﻱ ﺍ ﻭ ﺩﻮﺑ ﻝﺮﺘﻨﻛ ﻩﻭﺮﮔ ﺯﺍ ﺮﺘﻤﻛ ﻳ

ﻦ ﺮﺘﻣﺍﺭﺎـﭘ

ﺎﻬﻫﻭﺮﮔ ﺭﺩ ﻱ

ﻻﺎﺑ ﺯﻭﺩ ﺎﺑ ﺭﺎﻤﻴﺗ ﺖﺤﺗ ﻲﺘﺑﺎﻳﺩ ﻱ

ﺗ ﻴ ﻛﻮﻤ ﻴ ﻥﻮﻨ ﺑ ﻪ ﺭﻮـﻃ

ﻨﻌﻣ ﻲ ﺭﺍﺩ ﻱ ﺑﻴ ﺮﺘﺸ ﻨﭽﻤﻫ .ﺩﻮﺑ ﻲﺘﺑﺎﻳﺩ ﻩﻭﺮﮔ ﺯﺍ ﻴ

،ﻦ ﺎﻬﺷﻮﻣ ﻱ ﺩ ـﻳ ﺘﺑﺎ ﻲ

ـﻳ ﻚ ﺍﺰـﻓﺍ ﻳ ﺶ ـﻨﻌﻣ ﻲ ﺘﻓﺎـﺑ ﺢﻄــﺳ ﺭﺩ ﺭﺍﺩ ﻲ

ﻭ ﺪــﻧﺩﺍﺩ ﻥﺎـﺸﻧMDA

ﺗ ﺎﺑ ﻥﺎﻣﺭﺩ ﻴ

ﻛﻮﻤ ﻴ ﻥﻮﻨ ﻻﺎﺑ ﺯﻭﺩ ﺭﺩ )

mg/kg

5 ﻣ ( ـﻴ ﻥﺍﺰ ﻪـﺑ ﺍﺭMDA

ﻨﻌﻣ ﺕﺭﻮﺻ ﻲ

ﺭﺍﺩ ﻱ .ﺩﺍﺩ ﺶﻫﺎﻛ

ﺯﻭﺮﺑ ﺵﻮـﻣ ﺮـﻴﻈﻧ) ﻲﻫﺎﮕـﺸﻳﺎﻣﺯﺁ ﺕﺍﺩﻮـﺟﻮﻣ ﺭﺩ ﻱﺪـﻨﻗ ﺖـﺑﺎﻳﺩ ﻭ ﻲﺘﺧﺎﻨـﺷ ﻱﺎﻫﺪـﻧﻭﺭ ﺭﺩ ﻲﺗﻻﻼﺘﺧﺍ ﺎﺑ ﻲﻧﺎﺴﻧﺍ ﻪﻌﻣﺎﺟ ﻭ (ﻲﻳﺍﺮﺤﺻ ﻪـﺑ ﻼﺘـﺑﺍ ﻝﺎـﻤﺘﺣﺍ ﺶﻳﺍﺰـﻓﺍ ﻭ ،ﺰـﻐﻣ ﻲـﻓﻭﺮﺗﺁ ،ﻱﺮﻴﮔﺩﺎـﻳ ﻭ ﻪﻈﻓﺎﺣ ﻲﻣ ﻩﺍﺮﻤﻫ ﺲﻧﺎﻣﺩ ﺕﻻﻼﺘـﺧﺍ ﻦﻳﺍ ﺯﻭﺮﺑ ﻢﺴﻴﻧﺎﻜﻣ ﻪﻛ ﺪﻨﭼ ﺮﻫ .ﺪﺷﺎﺑ

ﺖـﺳﺍ ﻩﺪـﺸﻧ ﻪﺘﺧﺎﻨﺷ ﻲﺑﻮﺧ ﻪﺑ ﻲﺘﺑﺎﻳﺩ ﻪﻌﻣﺎﺟ ﺭﺩ ﻲـﻟﻭ

ﻣ ﺺﺨـﺸ

ﻲﻠﺻﺍ ﻲﺣﺍﻮﻧ ﺯﺍ ﻪﻛ ﭗﻣﺎﻛﻮﭙﻴﻫ ﻭ ﺰﻐﻣ ﺮﺸﻗ ﻪﻴﺣﺎﻧ ﻭﺩ ﻪﻛ ﺖﺳﺍ ﻩﺪﺷ ﻲﻣ ﺏﻮﺴﺤﻣ ﺎﻫﺪﻧﻭﺭ ﻦﻳﺍ ﺎﺑ ﻂﺒﺗﺮﻣ ـﺑ ﺩﺎـﻳﺯ ﻥﺍﺰﻴﻣ ﻪﺑ ﺪﻧﻮﺷ

ﻪ ﻝﺎـﺒﻧﺩ

ﻲـﻣ ﺭﺍﺮـﻗ ﺮﻴﺛﺄﺗ ﺖﺤﺗ ﻥﺪﺷ ﻲﺘﺑﺎﻳﺩ ﺯﻭﺮـﺑ ﻁﺎـﺒﺗﺭﺍ ﻦـﻳﺍ ﺭﺩ .ﺪـﻧﺮﻴﮔ

ﻥﻮﻴﺳﺍﺪﻴﺴﻛﺍﺮﭘ ﻭ ﻮﻴﺗﺍﺪﻴﺴﻛﺍ ﺱﺮﺘﺳﺍ ﺪﻳﺪﺸﺗ ﺐﺟﻮﻣ ﻱﺪﻨﻗ ﺖﺑﺎﻳﺩ ﺎـﺷ ﻱﺰـﻐﻣ ﻲﺣﺍﻮﻧ ﻲﺧﺮﺑ ﺭﺩ ﻱﺪﻴﭙﻴﻟ ﻞﻣ

) ﻩﺪـﺷ ﭗـﻣﺎﻛﻮﭙﻴﻫ 19

ﻭ

20 ﻚﻴﻓﻭﺮﺗﻭﺭﻮﻧ ﺭﻮﺘﻛﺎﻓ ﻭ ﻦﻴﻟﻮﺴﻧﺍ ﻪﺒﺷ ﺪﺷﺭ ﻱﺎﻫﺭﻮﺘﻛﺎﻓ ﺢﻄﺳ ﻭ (

ـﻣ ﺶﻫﺎـﻛ ﺰـﻐﻣ ﻲﺣﺍﻮـﻧ ﻲﺧﺮﺑ ﺭﺩ ﺰﻐﻣ ﺯﺍ ﻖﺘﺸﻣ ﻲ

ﻳ ﺪـﺑﺎ ) 20 ـﺑ .(

ﻪ

ﺧﺍ ﻥﺎﻘﻘﺤﻣ ،ﻩﻭﻼﻋ ﻴﺮ

ًﺍ ﺎﻧﺍﻮﺗ ﺶﻫﺎﻛ ﻲﻳ

ﺣ ﻴ ﺕﺎﻧﺍﻮ ﺩ ﻳ ﺘﺑﺎ ﻲ ﻁﺎﺒﺗﺭﺍ ﺭﺩ ﺍﺭ ﺒﺜﺗ ﺎﺑ

ﻴ ﺖ ﻪﺑ ﻭ ﻳ ﺭﻭﺁﺩﺎ ﻱ ﺯﺍ ﺲﭘ ﻩﺪﺷ ﺭﺎﺒﻧﺍ ﺕﺎﻋﻼﻃﺍ ﻳ

ﻚ ﺵﺭﺍﺰﮔ ﻩﺎﻣ

ﻩﺩﻮﻤﻧ ﺪﻧﺍ ﻪﻛ ﻤﻫ ﻴ ﻦ ﺘﻧ ﻴ ﻪﺠ ﺳﺭﺮﺑ ﺭﺩ ﻲ ﻧ ﺮﺿﺎﺣ ـﻴ ﺰ ﺎﭘ ﺭﺩ ـﻳ ﻥﺎ ﻪـﺘﻔﻫ

ﺑ ﻢﺸﺷ ﻪ ﻐﺗ ،ﺩﻮﺟﻮﻣ ﺪﻫﺍﻮﺷ ﺱﺎﺳﺍ ﺮﺑ .ﺪﻣﺁ ﺖﺳﺩ ﻴﻴ

ﺕﺍﺮ ﺭﺩ ﻪﻠـﺻﺎﺣ

ﺍﻳ ﻦ ﺎﻧﺍﻮﺗ ﻳ ﻲ ﻣ ﺍﺭ ﺎﻫ ﻲ ﻐﺗ ﻪﺑ ﻥﺍﻮﺗ ـﻴﻴ

ﺕﺍﺮ ﺘﺳﻼﭘ ﻴ ـﺴ ﻴ ﻪﺘ ﺳ ﻴ ـﺴﭘﺎﻨ ﻲ ﺭﺩ

ﺣﺎﻧ ﻴﻪ ﻫ ﻴ ﭗـﻣﺎﻛﻮﭙ ﺘﻧ ﺭﺩ ﻭ

ﻴ ﻪـﺠ ﺍﻳ ﺩﺎـﺠ ﺖـﻳﻮﻘﺗ ﺪـﻧﻭﺭ ﺭﺩ ﻝﻼﺘـﺧﺍ

ﺎﺷ ﻪﺘﺒﻟﺍ .ﺩﺍﺩ ﺖﺒﺴﻧ ﺕﺪﻣﺯﺍﺭﺩ ﻳ

ﻥﺎ ﭼ ﺮـﻫ ﻪـﻛ ﺖـﺳﺍ ﺮﻛﺫ ﺪـﻨ

ﺍ ـﻳ ﻦ

ﻐﺗ ﻴﻴ ﺕﺍﺮ ﺑﻴ ﺮﺘﺸ ﺒﺜﺗ ﺭﺩ ﻴ ﺖ ﻟﻭ ﺪﻧﺭﺍﺩ ﺖﻟﺎﺧﺩ ﺕﺎﻋﻼﻃﺍ ﻲ

ﺱﺎـﺳﺍ ﺮـﺑ

ﻘﺤﺗ ﺪﻫﺍﻮﺷ ﻴ

ﺗﺎﻘ ﻲ ﺪﺟ ﻳﺪ ﻣ ﻪﺑ ﻴ ﻥﺍﺰ ﮔﺍﺮﻓ ﺭﺩ ﺮـﺘﻤﻛ ـﻴ

ﺮ ﻱ ﺎـﻬﺗﺭﺎﻬﻣ ﻱ

ﺪﺟ ﻳﺪ ﭘ ﻭ ﻴ ﭽ ﻴ ﻩﺪ ﻧﻴ ﺰ ﻣ ﻲ ) ﺪﻨـﺷﺎﺑ ﻪﺘـﺷﺍﺩ ﺖـﻟﺎﺧﺩ ﺪﻨﻧﺍﻮﺗ 23

- 21 .(

ﺑﻪ ﺳﺭﺮﺑ ﺭﺩ ،ﻩﻭﻼﻋ ﻲ

ﺗ ﺕﺪﻣﺯﺍﺭﺩ ﺰﻳﻮﺠﺗ ﺮﺿﺎﺣ ﻴ

ﻛﻮﻤ ﻴ ﻥﻮـﻨ ﺐـﺟﻮﻣ

ﺎﻀﻓ ﻪﻈﻓﺎﺣ ﺩﻮﺒﻬﺑ ﻳ

ﻲ ﺎﻬﺷﻮﻣ ﺭﺩ ﻱ ﺩ ﻳ ﺘﺑﺎ ﻲ ﺩﺮﮔ ﻳﺪ ﺹﻮـﺼﺧ ﻦﻳﺍ ﺭﺩ .

ًﻼﺒﻗ ﻧﺎﮔﺪـﻧﻮﺟ ﺭﺩ ﻱﺪـﻨﻗ ﺖـﺑﺎﻳﺩ ﺯﻭﺮـﺑ ﻪﻛ ﻩﺪﺷ ﺺﺨﺸﻣ ﻲ

ﻈﻧ ـﻴ ﺮ

ﻦﻴـﺳﻮﺗﻭﺯﻮﺘﭘﺮﺘﺳﺍ ﺎـﺑ ﻩﺪـﺷ ﻲﺘﺑﺎـﻳﺩ ﻲﻫﺎﮕـﺸﻳﺎﻣﺯﺁ ﻚـﭼﻮﻛ ﺵﻮﻣ ﻞﻴﻜــﺸﺗ ﺪﻳﺪـﺸﺗ ﺯﺍ ﻲــﺷﺎﻧ ﻮﻴﺗﺍﺪﻴـﺴﻛﺍ ﺱﺮﺘــﺳﺍ ﺶﻳﺍﺰـﻓﺍ ﺐـﺟﻮﻣ ﻝﺎﻜﻳﺩﺍﺭ ﺭﺩ ﺹﻮـﺼﺧ ﻪـﺑ ﺰﻐﻣ ﻲﺣﺍﻮﻧ ﻲﺧﺮﺑ ﺭﺩ ﻥﮋﻴﺴﻛﺍ ﻝﺎﻌﻓ ﻱﺎﻫ

ﻪــﻛ ﺰــﻐﻣ ﺮــﺸﻗ ﻭ ﭗــﻣﺎﻛﻮﭙﻴﻫ ﻪــﻴﺣﺎﻧ ﻭﺩ ﺩﻮــﺧ

ﻲﻠــﺻﺍ ﻲﺣﺍﻮــﻧ ﺯﺍ

ﻲﻣ ﺏﻮﺴﺤﻣ ﻪﻈﻓﺎﺣ ﻭ ﻱﺮﻴﮔﺩﺎﻳ ﻲـﻣ ﺪـﻧﺩﺮﮔ

) ﺩﻮـﺷ 21 ﻭ 22 ﺯﺍ ﻭ (

ﺩ ﻑﺮﻃ ﻳ ﺮـﮕ ﺗ ﻴ ﻛﻮﻤ ﻴ ﻥﻮـﻨ ـﺴﻛﺍ ﺱﺮﺘـﺳﺍ ﺶﻫﺎـﻛ ﺐـﺟﻮﻣ ﻴ

ﺗﺍﺪ ﻴﻮ ﻭ

ﻥﻭﺭﻮـﻧ ﺖــﻇﺎﻔﺣ ﻭ ﻱﺪـﻴﭙﻴﻟ ﻥﻮﻴـﺳﺍﺪﻴﺴﻛﺍﺮﭘ ﻞــﻣﺍﻮﻋ ﺮـﺑﺍﺮﺑ ﺭﺩ ﺎــﻫ

ﺐﻴﺳﺁ ﻥﺎﺳﺭ ﻣ ﻲ ) ﺩﺩﺮﮔ 14 ﻭ 15 ﻣ ﻖﻳﺮﻃ ﻦﻳﺍ ﺯﺍ ﻭ ( ﻲ

ﺐـﺟﻮﻣ ﺪﻧﺍﻮﺗ

ﺩﻮﺒﻬﺑ ﻱ ﺧﺮﺑ ﺹﻮﺼﺧ ﺭﺩ ﻲ

.ﺩﺩﺮﮔ ﺎﻫﺪﻧﻭﺭ

ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳ ﻦ ﺳﺭﺮﺑ ﻲ ﻩﺯﺍﺪﻧﺍ ﺎﺑ ﮔ ﻴﺮ ﻱ ﺢﻄﺳ ﻫ ﺖﻓﺎﺑ ﺭﺩMDA

ﻴ ﭗـﻣﺎﻛﻮﭙ

ﺩﻮﺧ ﻪﻛ ﺰﻐﻣ ﻳﻜ

ﻲ ﺎﻬﺼﺧﺎﺷ ﺯﺍ ﻱ

ﺴﻛﺍﺮﭘ ﺯﺭﺎﺑ ﻴ

ـﺳﺍﺪ ﻴ ﻥﻮ ﻟﻴ ﭙ ـﻴ ﺪ ﻱ ﺭﺩ