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"ﺖﻳﺮﻳﺪﻣ ﻲﺸﺨﺑﺮﺛﺍ ﻪﻣﺎﻧﺮﺑ ﻭ ﻊﻣﺎﺟ ﺖﻴﻔﻴﻛ ﺖﻳﺮﻳﺪﻣ"

ﺖﻣﻼﺳ ﻱﺎﻫ ﻥﺎﻣﺯﺎﺳ ﺖﻳﺮﻳﺪﻣ ﺩﻮﺒﻬﺑ ﺭﺩ

5ﻩﺩﺍﺯ ﻦﺴﺣ ﺎﺿﺮﻴﻠﻋ / ⁴ﺭﺎﻈﺘﻧﺍ ﺪﻤﺻ / ³ﻲﻨﻳﺪﻟﺍ ﺝﺎﺗ ﻼﻳﺯﺎﻧ / ²ﺯﺎﻴﻧ ﻚﻴﻧ ﺎﺿﺮﻴﻠﻋ / ¹ﺶﺨﺑ ﺡﺮﻓ ﻲﻔﻄﺼﻣ

ﻩﺪﻴﻜﭼ ﺕﺍﺮﻴﻴﻐﺗ ،ﻊﺑﺎﻨﻣ ﺖﻳﺩﻭﺪﺤﻣ ﻂﺒﺗﺮﻣ ﻱﺎﻫ ﺶﻟﺎﭼ ﺯﺍ ﺭﺬﮔ ﺭﺩ ﺪﻣﺁﺭﺎﻛ ﻲﻧﺎﺴﻧﺍ ﻱﻭﺮﻴﻧ ﻝﺎﻌﻓ ﺖﻛﺭﺎﺸﻣ ﻖﻳﻮﺸﺗ ﺎﺑ ﺖﻴﻔﻴﻛ ﺖﻳﺮﻳﺪﻣ :ﻪﻣﺪﻘﻣ ﻪﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣ ﻦﻳﺍ ﻑﺪﻫ.ﺩﺭﺍﺩ ﻲــﺳﺎﺳﺍ ﻲﺸﻘﻧ ،ﺖﻣﻼﺳ ﻡﺎﻈﻧ ﻪﺘﻓﺮــﺸﻴﭘ ﻱﺎﻫ ﻱﺭﻭﺎﻨﻓ ﻭ ﻱﺯﺎــﺳ ﻲﻧﺎﻬﺟ ﻩﺪﻳﺪﭘ ،ﻲﺘﻴﻌﻤﺟ ﻭ ﻚﻳژﻮﻟﻮﻴﻣﺪﻴﭘﺍ .ﺩﻮﺑ ﻲﻗﺮﺷ ﻥﺎﺠﻳﺎﺑﺭﺫﺁ ﻥﺎﺘﺳﺍ ﺭﺩ ﺖﻴﻔﻴﻛ ﺖﻳﺮﻳﺪﻣ ﺩﺮﻜﻳﻭﺭ ﻭﺩ ﻱ ﻪﺴﻳﺎﻘﻣ ﻭ ﻲﺑﺎﻴﺷﺯﺭﺍ ﺖﻧﻭﺎﻌﻣ ﻚﻳ ﻭ ﻩﺪﻜﺸﻧﺍﺩ ﻪﺳ ،ﻥﺎﺘــﺳﺭﺎﻤﻴﺑ ﺶــﺷ ﻊﻣﺎﺟ ﺖﻴﻔﻴﻛ ﺖﻳﺮﻳﺪﻣ ﻲﻜﻳ :ﻩﻭﺮﮔ ﻭﺩﺭﺩ ﻲﻠﻴﻠﺤﺗ ﻱ ﻪﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣ ﻦﻳﺍ :ﻲـﺳﺭﺮﺑ ﺵﻭﺭ ﻢﻴﻫﺎﻔﻣ ﺎﺑ ﺍﺪﺘﺑﺍ ﻩﻭﺮﮔ ﻭﺩ .ﺪــﺷ ﺍﺮﺟﺍ ﻩﺎﮕﺸﻧﺍﺩ ﻱﺩﺎﺘﺳ ﺖﻧﻭﺎﻌﻣ ﻚﻳ ﻭ ﻩﺪﻜــﺸﻧﺍﺩ ﻚﻳ ،ﻥﺎﺘﺳﺭﺎﻤﻴﺑ ﻭﺩ ﻱ ﺮﮕﻳﺩ ﻭ ﻩﺎﮕــﺸﻧﺍﺩ ﻱﺩﺎﺘــﺳ ﻭ ﺪﻧﺩﺮﻛ ﻉﻭﺮــﺷ ﺍﺭ ﺶﺨﺑﺮﺛﺍ ﺖﻳﺮﻳﺪﻣ ﻪﻣﺎﻧﺮﺑ ،ﻩﺎﮕــﺸﻧﺍﺩ ﻪﻌﺑﺎﺗ ﺪﺣﺍﻭ ﺭﺎﻬﭼ ﺪﻌﺑ ﻝﺎــﺳ ﻭﺩ ﻭ ﺪﻧﺩﺮﻛ ﻉﻭﺮــﺷ ﻊﻣﺎﺟ ﺖﻴﻔﻴﻛ ﺖﻳﺮﻳﺪﻣ ﻥﺎﻣﺯ ﺭﺩ ﻥﺎﻨﻛﺭﺎﻛ ﻩﺎﮔﺪﻳﺩ ﺯﺍ ﻥﺎﻣﺯﺎﺳ ﺖﻳﺮﻳﺪﻣ ﻚﺒﺳ ﺭﺩ ﺮﻴﻴﻐﺗ ﻪﻣﺎﻨــﺸﺳﺮﭘ ﻚﻳ ﺎﺑ.ﺪﻧﺩﺍﺩ ﻪﻣﺍﺩﺍ ﺍﺭ ﻲﻠﺒﻗ ﻝﺍﻭﺭ ﻥﺎﻤﻫ ﺮﮕﻳﺩ ﻱﺎﻫﺪﺣﺍﻭ ﻭ ﻦﻴﮕﻧﺎﻴﻣ ﺕﺭﻮﺻ ﻪﺑﻭ ؛ﺵﺯﺍﺩﺮﭘ ^SPSS ﺭﺍﺰﻓﺍ ﻡﺮﻧ ﺭﺩ ﺎﻫ ﻩﺩﺍﺩ .ﺪــﺷ ﻱﺮﻴﮔ ﻩﺯﺍﺪﻧﺍ ﻱﺯﺎﻴﺘﻣﺍ ﻩﺩ ﺱﺎﻴﻘﻣ ﺭﺩ ﻞﺒﻗ ﻝﺎــﺳ ﺞﻨﭘ ﻭ ﻪﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣ .ﺪﻧﺪﺷ ﺵﺭﺍﺰﮔ ﻪﻟﺎﺴﺠﻨﭘ ﻱ ﻩﺭﻭﺩ ﺭﺩ ﺮﻴﻴﻐﺗ ﺭﺍﺪﻘﻣ ﺖﻳﺮﻳﺪﻣ ،1.76 ﻭ 1.12 ﻱﺰﻳﺭ ﻪﻣﺎﻧﺮﺑ ﻱ ﻪﻨﻴﻣﺯ ﺭﺩ ؛1.03ﻭ 0.7 ﺐﻴﺗﺮﺗ ﻪﺑ ﻩﻭﺮــﮔ ﻭﺩ ﺭﺩ ﻱﺮﺒﻫﺭ ﻱ ﻪﻨﻴﻣﺯ ﺭﺩ ﺮﻴﻴﻐﺗ ﺭﺍﺪــﻘﻣ :ﺎـﻫ ﻪﺘﻓﺎﻳ ﻭ 1 ﺎﻫﺪﻨﻳﺍﺮﻓ ﺖﻳﺮﻳﺪﻣ ،1.32 ﻭ 1.05 ﺕﺎﻋﻼﻃﺍ ﺖﻳﺮﻳﺪﻣ ؛1.46ﻭ 0.9 ﻲﻧﺎــﺴﻧﺍ ﻱﻭﺮﻴﻧ ﺖﻳﺮﻳﺪﻣ ،1.48 ﻭ 1 ﻱﺮﺘﺸﻣ ﺯﺎﻴﻧ ﻭ ﻪﺘــﺳﺍﻮﺧ ﺕﻭﺎﻔﺗ ﻩﻭﺮﮔ ﻭﺩ ﻦﻴﺑ ﻱﺮﺘﺸﻣ ﺖﻳﺮﻳﺪﻣ ،ﻱﺰﻳﺭ ﻪﻣﺎﻧﺮﺑ ،ﻲﻧﺎﺴﻧﺍ ﻱﻭﺮﻴﻧ ﻱ ﻪﻌﺳﻮﺗ ﻱﺎﻫ ﻪﻨﻴﻣﺯ ﺭﺩ .ﺩﻮﺑ 1.36 ﻭ 1.01 ﻉﻮﻤﺠﻣ ﺭﺩ ﻭ1.36 .ﺩﺭﺍﺩ ﺩﻮﺟﻭ ﻱﺭﺎﻣﺁ ﺭﺍﺩﺎﻨﻌﻣ .ﺖﺳﺍ ﻒﻠﺘﺨﻣ ﻱﺎﻫﺩﺮﻜﻳﻭﺭ ﺯﺍ ﺮﺘﻬﺑ ﻥﺎﻣﺯﺎﺳ ﺭﺩ ﻥﺎﺴﻜﻳ ﻭ ﻕﻼﺧ ﻱﺩﺮﻜﻳﻭﺭ ﻱﺮﻴﮔﺭﺎﻛ ﻪﺑ :ﻱﺮﻴﮔ ﻪﺠﻴﺘﻧ ﺖﻣﻼﺳ ﻡﺎﻈﻧ ،ﺖﻳﺮﻳﺪﻣ ﻲﺸﺨﺑﺮﺛﺍ ﻪﻣﺎﻧﺮﺑ ،ﻊﻣﺎﺟ ﺖﻴﻔﻴﻛ ﺖﻳﺮﻳﺪﻣ :ﺎﻫ ﻩژﺍﻭ ﺪﻴﻠﻛ 89/6/30 :ﻲﻳﺎﻬﻧ ﺵﺮﻳﺬﭘ • 89/6/6 :ﻲﻳﺎﻬﻧ ﺡﻼﺻﺍ • 88/7/29 :ﻪﻟﺎﻘﻣ ﻝﻮﺻﻭ •

mfarahbakhsh@) ﻝﻮﺌﺴﻣ ﻩﺪﻨﺴﻳﻮﻧ ؛ﺰﻳﺮﺒﺗ ﻲﻜﺷﺰﭘ ﻡﻮﻠﻋ ﻩﺎﮕﺸﻧﺍﺩ ،ﻲﻗﺮﺷ ﻥﺎﺠﻳﺎﺑﺭﺫﺁ ﻥﺎﺘﺳﺍ ﺖﺷﺍﺪﻬﺑ ﺰﻛﺮﻣ ،ﻲﺘﺷﺍﺪﻬﺑ ﻱﺎﻫ ﻪﻜﺒﺷ ﺵﺮﺘﺴﮔ ﻝﻮﺌﺴﻣ ﺱﺎﻨﺷﺭﺎﻛ .1 (^gmail.com ﺰﻳﺮﺒﺗ ﻲﻜﺷﺰﭘ ﻡﻮﻠﻋ ﻩﺎﮕﺸﻧﺍﺩ ،ﻥﺎﻛﺩﻮﻛ ﻲﻧﺎﻣﺭﺩ ﻲﺷﺯﻮﻣﺁ ﺰﻛﺮﻣ ،ﻥﺎﻛﺩﻮﻛ ﻱﺎﻫ ﻱﺭﺎﻤﻴﺑ ﺩﺎﺘﺳﺍ 2 . ﻩﺭﺍﺩﺍ 41/34 ﺪﻛ ﻲﺗﺎﻘﻴﻘﺤﺗ ﺡﺮﻃ :ﺯﺍ ﻪﺘﻓﺮﮔﺮﺑ •

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ﻪﻣﺪﻘﻣ ﻩﺩﻮﺑ ﺮﻴﻴﻐﺗ ﻪﺑ ﺭﺎﭼﺎﻧ ﺎﻫ ﻥﺎﻣﺯﺎﺳ ،ﻲﻧﻮﻨﻛ ﻪﻌﻣﺎﺟ ﺭﺩ ءﺎﻘﺑ ﻱﺍﺮﺑ ﺮﻴﻴﻐﺗ ﻲﻧﺎﻬﺟ ﺕﺍﺮﻴﻴﻐﺗ ﺎﺑ ﻡﺎﮕﻤﻫ ﺍﺭ ﺩﻮﺧ ﺖﻟﺎﺳﺭ ﻲﺘﺴﻳﺎﺑ ﻭ ﻪﻛ ﺪﻫﺩ ﻲﻣ ﻥﺎﺸﻧ ﺮﻴﻴﻐﺗ ﻪﻨﻴﻣﺯ ﺭﺩ ﺕﺎﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣ ﻲــﺳﺭﺮﺑ .ﺪﻨﻫﺩ ﺏﻮﭼﺭﺎﭼ ،ﺵﺯﻮﻣﺁﺭﺩ "ﻲﺳﺎﺳﺍ ﺮﻴﻴﻐﺗ" ﻪﺑ ﻲﻧﺎﻣﺯﺎــﺳ ﻝﻮﺤﺗ .ﺩﺭﺍﺩ ﺯﺎﻴﻧ ﻱﮋﺗﺍﺮﺘــﺳﺍﻭ ﮓﻨﻫﺮﻓ ،ﺩﺪﺠﻣ ﻱﺮﻴﮔ ﺖﻬﺟ ،ﺮﻜﻔﺗ ﻲﻋﺎﻤﺘﺟﺍ ،ﻱﺩﺎﺼﺘﻗﺍ ﻱﺎﻫ ﻪﻨﻴﻣﺯ ﺭﺩ ﻩﺪﻣﺁ ﺶﻴﭘ ﺕﺍﺮﻴﻴﻐﺗ [1]

ﻥﺍﺰﻳﺭ ﻪﻣﺎﻧﺮﺑ ﻱﺍﺮﺑ ﺍﺭ ﺖﻴﻔﻴﻛ ﺖﻳﺮﻳﺪﻣ ﺯﺍ ﻩﺩﺎﻔﺘﺳﺍ ،ﻲﮕﻨﻫﺮﻓ ﻭ ﺮﻳﺬﭘﺎﻧ ﺏﺎﻨﺘﺟﺍ ﻲﺗﺭﻭﺮﺿ ﻲﺘﺷﺍﺪﻬﺑ ﻱﺎﻫ ﺖﺒﻗﺍﺮﻣ ﻥﺎﻴﻟﻮﺘﻣ ﻭ ﻱﺩﺎﻳﺯ ﻱﺎﻫ ﺏﻮﭼﺭﺎﭼ ﻲﻤﻠﻋ ﻥﻮﺘﻣ ﺭﺩ [2].ﺖــﺳﺍ ﻪﺘﺧﺎﺳ ﻦﻳﺍ ﻖﻴﻔﻠﺗ ﻭ ﺩﺭﺍﺩ ﺩﻮﺟﻭ ﻊﻣﺎﺟ ﺖﻴﻔﻴﻛ ﺖﻳﺮﻳﺪﻣ ﺩﺭﻮــﻣ ﺭﺩ ﻊﻣﺎﺟ ﺖﻴﻔﻴﻛ ﺖﻳﺮﻳﺪﻣ ﺭﺩ ﻪﻛ ﺩﺯﺎﺳ ﻲﻣ ﺺﺨﺸﻣ ﺎﻫ ﻪﺘــﺷﻮﻧ ﻱﺪﻨﻤﺘﻳﺎﺿﺭ ،ﺖﻴﻔﻴﻛ ﺎﺑ ﻥﺎﻣﺯﺎﺳ ﻚﻳﮋﺗﺍﺮﺘﺳﺍ ﻑﺍﺪﻫﺍ ﻖﻴﺒﻄﺗ ﻑﺪﻫ ﺕﺎﺒﺛ ﻭ ﻥﺍﺮﻳﺪﻣ ﺪﻬﻌﺗ ،ﻥﺎﻨﻛﺭﺎﻛ ﺖﻛﺭﺎــﺸﻣ ،ﻱﺮﺘﺸﻣ ﺪﻫﺩ ﻲﻣ ﻥﺎﺸﻧ ﺕﻻﺎﻘﻣ ﺭﻭﺮﻣ ﻭ ﻲﺳﺭﺮﺑ [3-5].ﺖﺳﺍ ﻲﻣﺍﺰﻟﺍ ﺖﻴﻔﻴﻛ ﺖﻳﺮﻳﺪﻣ ﻱﺍﺮﺟﺍ ﺭﺩ ﻪﻛ ﺖﻣﻼﺳ ﻱﺎﻫ ﻥﺎﻣﺯﺎﺳ ﺮﺜﻛﺍ ﻪﻛ ﻲﻧﺎﺴﻧﺍ ﻱﻭﺮﻴﻧ ،ﺪﻬﻌﺘﻣ ﻱﺮﺒﻫﺭ ﻱﺎﻫ ﻲﮔﮋﻳﻭ ﺯﺍ ،ﺪﻧﺍ ﻩﺩﻮﺑ ﻖﻓﻮﻣ ﺮﺑ ﻲﻨﺘﺒﻣ ﺕﺎﻴﻠﻤﻋ ،ﻱﺮﺘــﺸﻣ ﺮﺑ ﺰﻛﺮﻤﺘﻣ ﻭ ﺪﻨﻤﻧﺍﻮﺗ ﻭ ﻝﺎــﻌﻓ ﻭ ﺵﺯﻮﻣﺁ ،ﺮﻴﻴﻐﺗﺮﺑ ﻲــﻨﺘﺒﻣ ﻲﻧﺎﻣﺯﺎــﺳ ﮓﻨﻫﺮﻓ ﻭ ﺎﻫﺪﻨﻳﺍﺮﻓ ﻡﺯﻻ ﻊﺑﺎﻨﻣ ﻦﻴﻣﺄﺗ ﺭﺎﻨﻛ ﺭﺩ [6] .ﺪﻧﺩﻮﺑ ﺭﺍﺩﺭﻮﺧﺮﺑ ﻱﺩﺮﻓ ﺪﺷﺭ ﺰﻴﻧ ﻲﺘﻳﺮﻳﺪﻣ ﻱﺎﻫﺩﺮﻜﻳﻭﺭ ،ﻪــﻌﻣﺎﺟ ﺖﻣﻼــﺳ ﻱﺎﻘﺗﺭﺍ ﻱﺍﺮﺑ ﺎﻴﻧﺩ ﺭﺩ ﺖﻣﻼﺳ ﻱﺎﻫ ﻡﺎﻈﻧ ﺩﺮﻜﻠﻤﻋ ﺩﻮﺒﻬﺑ ﺭﺩ ﻲﺳﺎﺳﺍ ﺶﻘﻧ ﺎﻫ ﻥﺎﻣﺯﺎﺳ ،ﺖﻴﻔﻴﻛ ﻲﺑﺎﻴــﺷﺯﺭﺍ ﻱﺎﻫ ﻝﺪﻣ [7].ﺪﻨﻳﺎﻤﻧ ﻲﻣ ﺎﻔﻳﺍ ﻪﺘﺧﺎﺳ ﺎﻨــﺷﺁ ﺮﺘــﺸﻴﺑ ﻊﻣﺎﺟ ﺖﻴﻔﻴﻛ ﺖﻳﺮﻳﺪﻣ ﺩﺮﻜﻳﻭﺭ ﺎﺑ ﺍﺭ .ﺪﻨﻫﺩ ﻲﻣ ﺵﺮﺘــﺴﮔ ﺍﺭ ﺖﻴﻔﻴﻛ ﺮﻤﺘــﺴﻣ ﻱﺎﻘﺗﺭﺍ ﮓﻨﻫﺮﻓ ﻭ ﺞﻳﻭﺮﺗ ﺭﺩ ﻲﺑﺎﻴــﺷﺯﺭﺍ ﻱﺎــﻫ ﻝﺪﻣ ﺖﺒﺜﻣ ﺮــﻴﺛﺄﺗ ﻪــﻨﻴﻣﺯ ﺭﺩ .ﺩﺭﺍﺪﻧ ﺩﻮﺟﻭ ﻲﻜــﺷ ﺎﭘﻭﺭﺍ ﻭ ﺎﻜﻳﺮﻣﺁ ﺭﺩ ﺖــﻴﻔﻴﻛ ﻱﺎــﻘﺗﺭﺍ ﻭ ﺎﻫ ﺵﻭﺭ ﻱﺮﻴﮔﺭﺎﻛ ﻪﺑ ﺎﺑ ﺎﻫ ﻥﺎﻣﺯﺎــﺳ ﺯﺍ ﻱﺭﺎﻴﺴﺑ [8-11]

ﻪﺑ ﺪﻴﻟﻮﺗ ؛ﺏﺎﻧ ﺪﻴﻟﻮﺗ ؛ﻥﺰــﻳﺎﻛ ﺮﻴﻈﻧ ﻥﻮﮔﺎﻧﻮﮔ ﻱﺎﻫﺩﺮﻜﻳﻭﺭ ﻝﺪﻣ ،ﺎﻤﮕﻴﺳ ﺶــﺷ ؛ﻭﺰﻳﺍ ﻒﻠﺘﺨﻣ ﻱﺎﻫﺩﺭﺍﺪﻧﺎﺘــﺳﺍ ؛ﻡﺎﮕﻨﻫ ﺪﻧﺍ ﻪﺘــﺴﻧﺍﻮﺗ ﻊﻣﺎﺟ ﺖﻴﻔﻴﻛ ﺖﻳﺮﻳﺪﻣ ﺎﭘﻭﺭﺍ ﻪﻳﺩﺎﺤﺗﺍ ﺖﻴﻔﻴﻛ ﻲﻣﺎﻤﺗ ﻱﺎﻨﺒﻣ .ﺪﻨﻫﺩ ءﺎﻘﺗﺭﺍ ﺍﺭ ﺩﻮﺧ ﺩﺮﻜﻠﻤﻋ ﻱﺩﺎﻳﺯ ﺪﺣ ﺎــﺗ ﺩﻮﺒﻬﺑ ﻭ ﺖﻛﺭﺎﺸﻣ ؛ﻱﺭﻮﺤﻣ ﻱﺮﺘﺸﻣ ﺱﺎــﺳﺍ ﺮﺑ ﺎﻫ ﻝﺪﻣ ﻦﻳﺍ [12].ﺪﺷﺎﺑ ﻲﻣ ﻢﺘﺴﻴﺳ ﻲﻳﺍﺭﺎﻛ ﻱﺎﻘﺗﺭﺍ ﻭ ؛ﺖﻴﻔﻴﻛ ﺮﻤﺘﺴﻣ ﺖﻣﻼﺳ ﻢﺘﺴﻴﺳ ،ﻥﺎﻬﺟ ﺭﺩ ﺖﻣﻼﺳ ﻱﺎﻫ ﻡﺎﻈﻧ ﺮﻳﺎﺳ ﺪﻨﻧﺎﻤﻫ ؛ﻲﻋﺎﻤﺘﺟﺍ ﻊﻳﺮــﺳ ﺕﺍﺮﻴﻴﻐﺗ ﺮﻴﻈﻧ ﻲﻳﺎﻫ ﺶﻟﺎﭼ ﺎﺑ ﺰﻴﻧ ﻥﺍﺮﻳﺍ ﻲﻧﺎﻬﺟ ،ﺎﻫ ﻪﻨﻳﺰﻫ ﺶﻫﺎﻛ ﻭ ﺎﺿﺎﻘﺗ ﺶﻳﺍﺰﻓﺍ ،ﻲﻨﻓ ﻭ ﻱﺩﺎﺼﺘﻗﺍ

ﻭ ﺖﻴﻔﻴﻛ ﻪﺑ ﻪﺟﻮﺗ ،ﻲﻠﻠﻤﻟﺍ ﻦﻴﺑ ﺕﺎﻃﺎﺒﺗﺭﺍ ﺶﻳﺍﺰﻓﺍ ﻭ ﻥﺪﺷ [13].ﺖﺳﺍ ﻪﺟﺍﻮﻣ ﺕﺎﻣﺪﺧ ﻪﺋﺍﺭﺍ ﺭﺩ ﺖﻟﺍﺪﻋ ﻭ ﻲــﺸﺨﺑﺮﺛﺍ 1960 ﺎﺗ 1940 ﻱﺎﻫ ﻝﺎــﺳ ﺭﺩ ﻪﻛ ﻲﻠﻣ ﺖﻣﻼــﺳ ﻡﺎﻈﻧ ﺮﺘﺸﻴﺑ ﻲــﺸﺨﺑﺮﺛﺍ ﺖﻬﺟ ﺪﻣﺁ ﺩﻮﺟﻭ ﻪﺑ ﺎﻫﺭﻮــﺸﻛ ﺮﺜﻛﺍ ﺭﺩ ﻱﮋﺗﺍﺮﺘﺳﺍ ؛ﺖﻟﺍﺪﻋ ﻪﻌﺳﻮﺗ ﻭ ﻲﺳﺮﺘﺳﺩ ﺶﻳﺍﺰﻓﺍ ﻭ ﺕﺎﻣﺪﺧ ﻱﺎﻤﻧﺭﻭﺩ ﻪﺑ ﻥﺪﻴــﺳﺭ ﻱﺍﺮﺑ ﻲﺘــﺷﺍﺪﻬﺑ ﻪﻴﻟﻭﺍ ﻱﺎﻫ ﺖﺒﻗﺍﺮﻣ ﺭﺎﻛ ﺭﻮﺘﺳﺩ ﺩﺭﺍﻭ ﺍﺭ 2000 ﻝﺎــﺳ ﺎﺗ ﻪﻤﻫ ﻱﺍﺮﺑ ﺖــﺷﺍﺪﻬﺑ ﻱﺎﻫﺯﺎﻴﻧ ﻱﺎﻨﺒﻣ ﺮﺑ ًﺎﺗﺪﻤﻋ ﻪﻛ ﻩﺪﺷ ﺩﺎﻳ ﺕﻻﻮﺤﺗ .ﺩﻮﻤﻧ ﺩﻮﺧ ﺭﺩ ﻱﺮﮕﻧﺯﺎﺑ ﺮﻴﻈﻧ ﻦﻳﻮﻧ ﻲــﺣﻼﺻﺍ ﺕﺎﻛﺮﺣ ﺎﺑ ؛ﺩﻮﺑ ﻡﺩﺮــﻣ ﻲﻳﻮﮔ ﺦﺳﺎﭘ ؛ ﺖﻳﺮﻳﺪﻣ ﻢﺘﺴﻴﺳ ﺭﺩ ﻱﺯﺎﺳ ﺖﻴﻓﺮﻇ ؛ﻒﻳﺎﻇﻭ ﻩﺯﻭﺮﻣﺍ [14].ﺩﺎﻬﻧ ﻞﻣﺎﻜﺗ ﻪﺑ ﻭﺭ ﻪــﻧﻻﺩﺎﻋ ﺖﺧﺍﺩﺮﭘ ﻡﺎﻈﻧ ﻭ ﻱﺭﻭﺮﺿ ﻱﺮﻣﺍ ﺖﻣﻼﺳ ﻢﺘﺴﻴﺳ ﺭﺩ ﻱﺯﺎﺳ ﺖﻴﻓﺮﻇ ﻭ ﺮﻴﻴﻐﺗ ﺡﻮﻄﺳ ﻡﺎﻤﺗ ﺭﺩ ﺮﻤﺘﺴﻣ ﻱﺮﻴﮔﺩﺎﻳ ﻡﺰﻠﺘﺴﻣ ﻭ ﺪﺳﺭ ﻲﻣ ﺮﻈﻧ ﻪﺑ [15].ﺪﺷﺎﺑ ﻲﻣ ﺖﻴﻔﻴﻛ ﺖﻳﺮﻳﺪﻣ ﻪﺑ ﻥﺪﻴﺳﺭ ﻱﺍﺮﺑ ﻲﻧﺎﻣﺯﺎﺳ ﻲﻌﻄﻘﻣ ﻱﺎﻫ ﺵﺯﻮﻣﺁ ﻪﻛ ﺪﻨﻧﺁ ﺯﺍ ﻲﻛﺎﺣ ﺩﻮﺟﻮﻣ ﺪﻫﺍﻮﺷ ﺭﺩ ﺕﺍﺮﻴﻴﻐﺗ ﻭ ﺎﻫ ﺶﻟﺎﭼ ﺎﺑ ﺩﺭﻮﺧﺮﺑ ﻩﺩﺎﻣﺁ ﺍﺭ ﺎﻫ ﻥﺁ ؛ﻥﺍﺮــﻳﺪﻣ ﻱﺎﻫ ﺖﺒﻗﺍﺮﻣ ﺭﺩ ﺖــﻴﻔﻴﻛ ﻪﻛ ﻦﻳﺍ ﺎﺑ.ﺪﻨﻛ ﻲﻤﻧ ﺖﻣﻼــﺳ ﻡﺎﻈﻧ ﻥﻭﺰﻓﺍﺯﻭﺭ ﺶﻳﺍﺰﻓﺍ ﻩﺯﻭﺮــﻣﺍ ؛ﺩﺭﺍﺩ ﻪﻨﻳﺮﻳﺩ ﻲﺘﻣﺪﻗ ﺖﻣﻼــﺳ ﺎﺗ ﻩﺪﻳﺩﺮﮔ ﺐﺟﻮﻣ ﻥﺎــﻣﺭﺩ ﻩﮋﻳﻭ ﻪﺑ ﻭ ﺖﻣﻼــﺳ ﻱﺎﻫ ﻪﻨﻳﺰﻫ ﻦﺘﻓﺎﻳ ﻲﭘ ﺭﺩ ﺖﻣﻼﺳ ﺭﻮﻣﺍ ﻥﺍﺭﺎﻛﺭﺪﻧﺍ ﺖﺳﺩ ﻭ ﻥﺍﺭﺍﺬﮕﺘﺳﺎﻴﺳ ﻭ ﺖﻣﻼﺳ ﻢﺘﺴﻴﺳ ﻥﺪﺷ ﺮﺗﺪﻣﺁﺭﺎﻛ ﻱﺍﺮﺑ ﻱﺪﻳﺪﺟ ﻱﺎﻫ ﻩﻮﻴﺷ ﻥﺍﻮﻨﻋ ﻪﺑ ﻲﻧﺎﻬﺟ ﺖﺷﺍﺪﻬﺑ ﻥﺎﻣﺯﺎﺳ [16].ﺪﻨﺷﺎﺑ ﺖﻴﻔﻴﻛ ءﺎﻘﺗﺭﺍ ﺢﻄﺳ ﺭﺩ ﺖﻣﻼﺳ ﻱﺎﻫ ﻪﻣﺎﻧﺮﺑ ﻲﮕﻨﻫﺎﻤﻫ ﻭ ﺖﻳﺍﺪﻫ ﺮﻣﺍ ﻲﻟﻮﺘﻣ ﺖﻣﻼــﺳ ﻡﺎﻈﻧ ﺭﺩ ﺖﻳﺮﻳﺪﻣ ﺖﻴﻔﻴﻛ ﺩﻮﺒﻬﺑ ﺖﻬﺟ ﻲﻠﻠﻤﻟﺍ ﻦﻴﺑ ﻑﺪﻫ ﺎﺑ ؛ﺖﻳﺮﻳﺪﻣ ﺶﺨﺑﺮﺛﺍ ﻪﻣﺎﻧﺮﺑ ﻥﺍﻮﻨﻋ ﺖﺤﺗ ﺍﺭ ﻱﺍ ﻪﻣﺎﻧﺮﺑ ﻚﻳﮋﺗﺍﺮﺘﺳﺍ ﺐــﺳﺎﻨﻣ ﻱﺰﻳﺭ ﻪﻣﺎﻧﺮﺑ ﻭ ﺖﻳﺮﻳﺪﻣ ﮓﻨﻫﺮﻓ ﺮﻴﻴﻐﺗ ﻢﺘــﺴﻴﺳ ﺭﺩ ﻱﺯﺎــﺳ ﺖﻴﻓﺮﻇ ﻭ ؛ﻥﺍﺭﺍﺬﮕﺘــﺳﺎﻴﺳ ﻭ ﻥﺍﺮــﻳﺪﻣ ﻭ ﻪﻌﻣﺎﺟ ﺖﻣﻼﺳ ﻱﺎﻫﺯﺎﻴﻧ ﻪﺑ ﻲﻳﻮﮕﺨــﺳﺎﭘ ﺖﻬﺟ ﺖﻣﻼﺳ ﻖﻴﻗﺩ ﻲﻫﺎﮕﻧ [17].ﺩﻮﻤﻧ ﻲﺣﺍﺮﻃ ؛ﻢﺘﺴﻴﺳ ﺐﺳﺎﻨﻣ ﺩﺮﻜﻠﻤﻋ ﻱﺎﻫ ﻪﻧﺎﺧ ﺲﻴﺳﺄﺗ ﺪﻫﺩ ﻲﻣ ﻥﺎــﺸﻧ ﻥﺍﺮﻳﺍ ﺖﻣﻼــﺳ ﻡﺎﻈﻧ ﻪﺑ ،ﻲﺘــﺷﺍﺪﻬﺑ ﻪﻴﻟﻭﺍ ﻱﺎﻫ ﺖﺒﻗﺍﺮﻣ ﻡﺎﻈﻧ ﺭﺍﺮﻘﺘــﺳﺍ ﻭ ﺖــﺷﺍﺪﻬﺑ ﻪﺳ ﻩﺩﺍﻮﻧﺎﺧ ﻚﺷﺰﭘ ﺡﺮﻃ ﻭ ﺖﻳﺮﻳﺪﻣ ﻱﺎﻫﺩﺮﻜﻳﻭﺭ ﺡﻼﺻﺍ ﺩﻮﺒﻬﺑ ﻪﻨﻴﻣﺯ ﺭﺩ .ﺪﻧﺩﻮﺑ ﻪﺘﺷﺬﮔ ﻪﻫﺩ ﺪﻨﭼ ﺭﺩ ﻥﺁ ﻲﺳﺎﺳﺍ ﻝﻮﺤﺗ ﺪﻨﻧﺎﻣ ﻲﻔﻠﺘﺨﻣ ﻱﺎﻫﺩﺮﻜﻳﻭﺭ ،ﺖﻣﻼﺳ ﻱﺎﻫ ﻥﺎﻣﺯﺎﺳ ﺖﻳﺮﻳﺪﻣ ﻪﻣﺎﻧﺮﺑ ،ﻲﺘﺷﺍﺪﻬﺑ ﻱﺎﻫ ﻪﻜﺒــﺷ ﻱﺯﺎﺳﺎﻳﻮﭘ ،ﺖﻴﻔﻴﻛ ﺖﻳﺮﻳﺪﻣ

(3)

(42) 13 ؛1389 ﺖﻣﻼﺳ ﺖﻳﺮﻳﺪﻣ

ﻪﺘﺷﺍﺬﮔ ﺶﻳﺎﻣﺯﺁ ﻪﺗﻮﺑ ﻪﺑ ﻊﻣﺎﺟ ﻪﻜﺒﺷ ﻭ ﺖﻳﺮﻳﺪﻣ ﻲﺸﺨﺑﺮﺛﺍ ﺡﻼﺻﺍ ﺩﺪﻌﺘﻣ ﻱﺎﻫ ﻪﻣﺎﻧﺮﺑ ﺯﺍ ﻡﺍﺪﻛ ﺮﻫ ﻱﺍﺮﺟﺍ ﻭ ﺏﺎﺨﺘﻧﺍ.ﺪﺷ ﺮﻴﺧﺍ ﻱﺎﻫ ﻝﺎــﺳ ﺭﺩ .ﺩﺭﺍﺩ ﺍﺭ ﺩﻮﺧ ﺐﻳﺎﻌﻣ ﻭ ﺎﻳﺍﺰﻣ ،ﺖﻳﺮﻳﺪﻣ ﺕﻼﻴﻬﺴﺗ ،ﻥﺍﺮﻳﺍ ﺖﻣﻼــﺳ ﻡﺎﻈﻧ ﺭﺩ ﺖﻴﻔﻴﻛ ﺶﺒﻨﺟ ﺯﺎﻏﺁ ﺎﺑ ﺭﺎﻛ ﻪﺑ ﻥﺎﻣﺰﻤﻫ ﺍﺭ ﻲﻔﻠﺘﺨﻣ ﻱﺎﻫﺩﺮﻜﻳﻭﺭ ﻲﻧﺎﻣﺭﺩ ﻲﺘــﺷﺍﺪﻬﺑ ﻩﻭﻼﻋ ﻥﺎﻣﺯﺎــﺳ ﻚﻳ ﺭﺩ ﺖﻴﻔﻴﻛ ﻱﺎﻫ ﻪﻣﺎﻧﺮﺑ ﺩﺪﻌﺗ .ﺪــﻨﺘﻓﺮﮔ ﻪﻴﺣﻭﺭ ،ﻲﻧﺎﻣﺯﺎــﺳ ﮓﻨﻫﺮﻓ ﺮﻴﻴﻐﺗ ﺭﺩ ﺎﻫ ﻥﺁ ﺮﻴﺛﺄﺗ ﺶﻫﺎﻛ ﺮــﺑ ﻪﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣ ﻦﻳﺍ .ﺪﻨﻳﺎﻤﻧ ﻲﻣ ﺖــﻳﻮﻘﺗ ﺍﺭ ﺮﻴﻴﻐﺗ ﺮﺑﺍﺮﺑ ﺭﺩ ﺖــﻣﻭﺎﻘﻣ ﺖﻳﺮﻳﺪﻣ) ﺹﺎﺧ ﺩﺮﻜﻳﻭﺭ ﻚﻳ ﺭﺍﺮﻤﺘﺳﺍ ﺮﻴﺛﺄﺗ ﻪــﺴﻳﺎﻘﻣ ﻱﺍﺮﺑ ﺖﻴﻔﻴﻛ ﺖﻳﺮﻳﺪﻣ) ﻥﺎــﻣﺰﻤﻫ ﺩﺮﻜﻳﻭﺭ ﻭﺩ ﻭ (ﻊﻣﺎﺟ ﺖــﻴﻔﻴﻛ ﺖﻳﺮﻳﺪﻣ ﻱﺎﻘﺗﺭﺍ ﺭﺩ (ﺖــﻳﺮﻳﺪﻣ ﻲــﺸﺨﺑﺮﺛﺍ ﻪﻣﺎﻧﺮﺑ ﻭ ﻊﻣﺎﺟ ﻭ ﻲﺣﺍﺮﻃ ﻲﻗﺮﺷ ﻥﺎﺠﻳﺎﺑﺭﺫﺁ ﻥﺎﺘﺳﺍ ﺭﺩ ﺖﻣﻼﺳ ﻱﺎﻫ ﻥﺎﻣﺯﺎﺳ ﻱﺎﻫﺩﺮﻜﻳﻭﺭ ﺭﺩ ﺮﻴﻴﻐﺗ ،ﺖﻳﺮﻳﺪﻣ ﺩﻮﺒﻬﺑ ﺯﺍ ﺭﻮﻈﻨﻣ .ﺪــﺷ ﺍﺮﺟﺍ ﺖﻳﺮﻳﺪﻣ ﻱﺎــﻫ ﺵﺯﺭﺍ ﻭ ﻝﻮﺻﺍ ﺱﺎــﺳﺍ ﺮﺑ ﻥﺎﻣﺯﺎــﺳ ﻩﺭﺍﺩﺍ .ﺖﺳﺍ ﺖﻴﻔﻴﻛ :ﻲﺳﺭﺮﺑ ﺵﻭﺭ ﻭ ﻲﺑﺎﻴــﺷﺯﺭﺍ ﻉﻮﻧ ﺯﺍ ﻪﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣ ﻚﻳ ﺕﺭﻮﺻ ﻪﺑ ﻲــﺳﺭﺮﺑ ﻦﻳﺍ ﺖﻴﻔﻴﻛ ﺖﻳﺮﻳﺪﻣ" ﺩﺮﻜﻳﻭﺭ ﻭﺩ ﻪــﺴﻳﺎﻘﻣ ﻱﺍﺮﺑ ﺮﮕﻧ ﻪﺘﺷﺬﮔ ﺖﺷﺍﺪﻬﺑ ﻥﺎﻣﺯﺎــﺳ ﺖﻳﺮﻳﺪﻣ ﻲــﺸﺨﺑﺮﺛﺍ ﻪﻣﺎﻧﺮﺑ"ﻭ "ﻊﻣﺎﺟ ﻭ ﺖﻣﻼﺳ ﻱﺎﻫ ﻥﺎﻣﺯﺎﺳ ﻲﺘﻳﺮﻳﺪﻣ ﺩﺮﻜﻳﻭﺭ ﺮﻴﻴﻐﺗ ﺭﺩ "ﻲﻧﺎﻬﺟ ﻲﺸﺨﺑﺮﺛﺍ ﻪﻣﺎﻧﺮﺑ ﺭﺩ .ﺪﺷ ﺍﺮﺟﺍ ﻱﺮﺒﻫﺭ ﻱﺎﻫ ﺺﺧﺎﺷ ﺩﻮﺒﻬﺑ ﺯﺍ ﻦﻴﻤﻫ ﻱﺍﺮــﺑ ﻭ ﻩﺩﻮﻤﻧ ﺖﻴﻟﺎﻌﻓ ﺪــﺣﺍﻭ ﺭﺎﻬﭼ ﺖــﻳﺮﻳﺪﻣ ﻩﻭﺮﮔ ﺮﺑﺍﺮﺑ ﻭﺩ ﺯﺍ ﺶــﻴﺑ ﻊــﻣﺎﺟ ﺖﻴﻔﻴﻛ ﺖــﻳﺮﻳﺪﻣ ﻩﻭﺮــﮔ

MEP ﻩﻭﺮﮔ ﺭﺩ .ﺪﻧﺪــﺷ ﺏﺎﺨﺘﻧﺍ ﺪﻫﺎــﺷ ﻥﺍﻮﻨﻋ ﻪﺑ ﻪﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣ ﻭ ﻱﺩﺎﺘﺳ ﺖﻧﻭﺎﻌﻣ ﻚﻳ ﻭ ﻩﺪﻜــﺸﻧﺍﺩ ﻚﻳ ،ﻥﺎﺘــﺳﺭﺎﻤﻴﺑ ﻭﺩ ﻩﺪﻜﺸﻧﺍﺩ 3 ،ﻥﺎﺘﺳﺭﺎﻤﻴﺑ 6 ﻊﻣﺎﺟ ﺖﻴﻔﻴﻛ ﺖﻳﺮﻳﺪﻣ ﻩﻭﺮﮔ ﺭﺩ ﺮﻫ . ﺪﻧﺪــﺷ ﺏﺎﺨﺘﻧﺍ ﻩﺎﮕــﺸﻧﺍﺩ ﻱﺩﺎﺘــﺳ ﺖﻧﻭﺎﻌﻣ ﻚــﻳ ﻭ ﺎﺑ ﺍﺭ ﻲﻧﺎﻣﺯﺎــﺳ ﮓﻨﻫﺮﻓ ﺮﻴﻴﻐﺗ 1379 ﻝﺎــﺳ ﺭﺩ ﻩﻭﺮــﮔ ﻭﺩ ﺯﺍ . ﺪﻧﺩﺮﻛ ﻉﻭﺮــﺷ ﻊﻣﺎﺟ ﺖﻴﻔﻴﻛ ﺖﻳﺮﻳﺪﻣ ﻢﻴﻫﺎﻔﻣ ﺵﺯﻮﻣﺁ ﺩﺮﻜﻳﻭﺭ ﺮﻴﻴﻐﺗ ﻪﻣﺎﻧﺮﺑ ^MEP ﻩﻭﺮﮔ ﻱﺎﻫﺪﺣﺍﻭ 1381 ﻝﺎــﺳ ﻩﻭﺮﮔ ﻭ ﻩﺩﺍﺩ ﻪﻣﺍﺩﺍ ﺶﺨﺑﺮﺛﺍ ﺖﻳﺮﻳﺪﻣ ﻪﻣﺎﻧﺮﺑ ﺎﺑ ﺍﺭ ﺖﻳﺮﻳﺪﻣ .ﺪﻧﺩﺍﺩ ﻪﻣﺍﺩﺍ ﺍﺭ ﻲﻠﺒﻗ ﻝﺍﻭﺭ ﻝﻭﺍ ﺖﻔﻫ ،ﺮﺒﺘﻌﻣ ﺖــﻴﻔﻴﻛ ﻲﺑﺎﻴــﺷﺯﺭﺍ ﻱﺎﻫ ﻝﺪﻣ ﻪﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣ ﺎﺑ ،(ﻝﺍﺆﺳ5) ﻱﺰﻳﺭ ﻪﻣﺎﻧﺮﺑ ،(ﻝﺍﺆــﺳ14) ﻱﺮﺒﻫﺭ ﻲﻠﺻﺍ ﻪﻄﻴﺣ ﻪﻌﺳﻮﺗ ،(ﻝﺍﺆــﺳ7) ﺕﺎﻋﻼﻃﺍ ﻱﺭﻭﺎﻨﻓ ،ﻱﺭﻮﺤﻣ ﻱﺮﺘــﺸﻣ (ﻝﺍﺆﺳ8) ﺎﻫﺪﻨﻳﺍﺮﻓ ﺖﻳﺮﻳﺪﻣ،(ﻝﺍﺆــﺳ10) ﻲﻧﺎــﺴﻧﺍ ﻱﻭﺮﻴﻧ

ﺩﺮﻜﻳﻭﺭ ﺮﻴﻴﻐﺗ ﻲﺑﺎﻴﺷﺯﺭﺍ ﻱﺍﺮﺑ (ﻝﺍﺆــﺳ1) ﻱﺯﺎﺳﺪﻨﺘﺴﻣ ﻭ ﻲﻠﺻﺍ ﻪــﻄﻴﺣ ﺮﻫ ﺕﻻﺍﺆــﺳ .ﺪﻧﺪــﺷ ﺏﺎﺨﺘﻧﺍ ﺖــﻳﺮﻳﺪﻣ ﻱﺎﻫ ﺚﺤﺑ ﺰﻴﻧ ﻭ ﻲﻤﻠﻋ ﺪﻨﺘﺴﻣ ﻊﺑﺎﻨﻣ ﻲــﺳﺭﺮﺑ ﺎﺑ ﻲﺑﺎﻴﺷﺯﺭﺍ ﻥﺪﺷ ﻩﺩﺎﻣﺁ ﺯﺍ ﺲﭘ ﻪﻴﻟﻭﺍ ﻪﻣﺎﻨﺸﺳﺮﭘ .ﺪﻧﺪﺷ ﻦﻴﻴﻌﺗ ﻲﺳﺎﻨﺷﺭﺎﻛ ﻲﻳﺍﻭﺭ .ﺖﻓﺮﮔ ﺭﺍﺮﻗ ﻲــﺳﺭﺮﺑ ﺩﺭﻮﻣ ﻲﻳﺎﻳﺎﭘ ﻭ ﻲﻳﺍﻭﺭ ﺮﻈﻧ ﺯﺍ ﻪﺑﺮﺠﺗ ﺎﺑ ﻥﺎﺳﺎﻨﺷﺭﺎﻛ ﻭ ﻥﺍﺮﻳﺪﻣ ﻪﺑ ﻥﺁ ﻝﺎﺳﺭﺍ ﺎﺑ ﻪﻣﺎﻨــﺸﺳﺮﭘ ﺯﺍ ﻪﻣﺎﻨﺸﺳﺮﭘ ﻲﻳﺎﻳﺎﭘ ﻦﻴﻴﻌﺗ ﻱﺍﺮﺑ .ﺖﻓﺮﮔ ﺭﺍﺮﻗ ﻥﻮﻣﺯﺁ ﺩﺭﻮﻣ ﻱﻭﺎﺴﻣ ﺥﺎﺒﻧﻭﺮﻛ ﻱﺎﻔﻟﺁ .ﺪﺷ ﻩﺩﺎﻔﺘﺳﺍ ﺥﺎﺒﻧﻭﺮﻛ ﻱﺎﻔﻟﺁ ﺵﻭﺭ ﻥﺎﻣﺯ ﻭﺩ ﺭﺩ ﻥﺎﮔﺪﻨﻫﺩ ﺦﺳﺎﭘ ﻂﺳﻮﺗ ﻝﺍﺆﺳ ﺮﻫ .ﺩﻮﺑ 0.986 ﻱﺯﺎﻴﺘﻣﺍ ﻩﺩ ﺱﺎﻴﻘﻣ ﺭﺩ ﻭ ﻲــﺳﺭﺮﺑ ﺶﻴﭘ ﻝﺎــﺳ ﺞﻨﭘ ﻭ ﻝﺎﺣ ﻦﻴﺑ ﺭﺩ ﻪﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣ ﻱﺎﻫﺪﺣﺍﻭ ﺭﺩ ﻪﻣﺎﻨﺸﺳﺮﭘ .ﺪﺷ ﻱﺭﺍﺬﮔ ﻩﺮﻤﻧ ﻥﺎﺳﺁ ﻱﺍ ﻪﻴﻤﻬﺳ ﺵﻭﺭ ﻪﺑ ﻥﺎﺳﺎﻨﺷﺭﺎﻛ ﺯﺍ ﻲﻫﻭﺮﮔ ﻭ ﻥﺍﺮﻳﺪﻣ ﻱﺍﺮﺑ .ﺪﻳﺩﺮﮔ ﻱﺭﻭﺁ ﻊﻤﺟ ﻪﺘﻔﻫ ﻚﻳ ﺯﺍ ﺲﭘ ﻭ ﻩﺪــﺷ ﻊﻳﺯﻮﺗ ﻦﻴﻴﻌﺗ ﻝﻮﻣﺮﻓ ﺯﺍ ،ﻪﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣ ﺪﺣﺍﻭ ﺮﻫ ﺭﺩ ﻪﻧﻮﻤﻧ ﻢﺠﺣ ﻦــﻴﻴﻌﺗ .ﺪﺷ ﻩﺩﺎﻔﺘﺳﺍ ﻦﻴﮕﻧﺎﻴﻣ ﺩﺭﻭﺁﺮﺑ ﻱﺍﺮﺑ ﻪﻧﻮﻤﻧ

( 2

2 2

1 2 d

z

n= ∂

−a )

ﻩﻭﺮﮔ ﻭﺩ ﺭﺩ ﺮﻴﻴﻐﺗ ﺭﺍﺪــﻘﻣ ﺭﺎﻴﻌﻣ ﻑﺍﺮﺤﻧﺍ ﻭ ﻦــﻴﮕﻧﺎﻴﻣ ﻱﺍﺮﺑ ﻭ ﻪﺒﺳﺎﺤﻣ ﻩﻭﺮﮔ ﺮﻫ ﺭﺩ ﻪﻧﻮﻤﻧ ﻩﺩ ﻱﺭﻭﺁ ﻊﻤﺟ ﺯﺍ ﺲﭘ ﻲﺸﺨﺑﺮﺛﺍ ﻪﻣﺎﻧﺮﺑ ﻩﻭﺮﮔ ﺭﺩ .ﺪﺷ ﻩﺩﺎﻔﺘﺳﺍ ﻪﻧﻮﻤﻧ ﻢﺠﺣ ﻦﻴﻴﻌﺗ ﻡﺯﻻ ﻪﻧﻮﻤﻧ ﺩﺍﺪﻌﺗ ﻪﻧﻮﻤﻧ ﻢﺠﺣ ﻝﻮﻣﺮﻓ ﺱﺎﺳﺍ ﺮﺑ ،ﺖﻳﺮﻳﺪﻣ 40 ﻊﻣﺎﺟ ﺖﻴﻔﻴﻛ ﺖﻳﺮﻳﺪﻣ ﻩﻭﺮﮔ ﺭﺩ ﻭ 50 ،ﺪﺣﺍﻭ ﺮﻫ ﻱﺍﺮﺑ 206 ﻊﻣﺎﺟ ﺖﻴﻔﻴﻛ ﺖﻳﺮﻳﺪﻣ ﻩﻭﺮــﮔ ﺭﺩ .ﺪــﺷ ﻦﻴﻴﻌﺗ ﻪﻧﻮﻤﻧ ﺲﭘ .ﺪــﺷ ﻩﺪﻧﺍﺩﺮﮔﺮﺑ ﻪﻣﺎﻨــﺸﺳﺮﭘ 187^،MEP ﻩﻭﺮﮔ ﺭﺩ ﻭ ﺭﺍﺰﻓﺍ ﻡﺮﻧ ﻂﺳﻮﺗ ﻞﺻﺎﺣ ﻱﺎﻫ ﻩﺩﺍﺩ ﺎﻫ ﻪﻣﺎﻨــﺸﺳﺮﭘ ﻞﻴﻤﻜﺗ ﺯﺍ ﻱﺎﻘﺗﺭﺍ ﺖﻴﻌﺿﻭ .ﺖﻓﺮﮔ ﺭﺍﺮﻗ ﻞﻴﻠﺤﺗ ﻭ ﻪﻳﺰﺠﺗ ﺩﺭﻮﻣ ^SPSS ﺞﻨﭘ ﻩﺭﻭﺩ ﺭﺩ ﻥﺁ ﺮﻴﻴﻐﺗ ﺭﺍﺪﻘﻣ ﺎﺑ ﺶﺠﻨــﺳ ﺩﺭﻮﻣ ﻱﺎﻫﺮﻴﻐﺘﻣ ﺯﺍ ﺶﻴﭘ ﻝﺎﺳ ﺞﻨﭘ ﺯﺎﻴﺘﻣﺍ ﻥﺩﺮﻛ ﻢﻛ ﺯﺍ ﻪﻛ ﺪﺷ ﺺﺨﺸﻣ ﻪﻟﺎﺳ ،ﻲﺳﺭﺮﺑ ﺩﺭﻮﻣ ﻪﻄﻴﺣ ﺮﻫ ﺭﺩ.ﺪﻣﺁ ﺖﺳﺩ ﻪﺑ ﻲﻧﻮﻨﻛ ﺖﻴﻌﺿﻭ ﺭﺩ .ﺪــﺷ ﻩﺩﺍﺩ ﻥﺎــﺸﻧ ﺭﺎﻴﻌﻣ ﻱﺎﻄﺧ ± ﻦﻴﮕﻧﺎﻴﻣ ﺎﺑ ﺎــﻫ ﻩﺩﺍﺩ .ﺪﺷ ﺏﺎﺨﺘﻧﺍ 0.05 ﻱﻭﺎﺴﻣ α ﻩﻭﺮﮔ ﻭﺩ ﻪﺴﻳﺎﻘﻣ ﻭ ﻥﺎﻨﻛﺭﺎﻛ ﺩﺮﻜﻳﻭﺭ ﻦــﻳﺍ ﺭﺩ :ﻊﻣﺎﺟ ﺖﻴﻔﻴﻛ ﺖﻳﺮﻳﺪﻣ

FOCUS ﺎﻫﺪﻨﻳﺍﺮﻓ ﻱﺎﻘﺗﺭﺍ ﺵﻭﺭ ﺭﺎﻛ ﻱﺍﺪــﺘﺑﺍ ﺭﺩ ﻥﺍﺮﻳﺪﻣ ﺖﻛﺮــﺷ ءﺎﻘﺗﺭﺍ ﻱﺎﻫ ﻢﻴﺗ ﺭﺩ ﻭ ﺪﻧﺪﻳﺩ ﺵﺯﻮــﻣﺁ ﺍﺭ ^PDCA ﺖﻴﻔﻴﻛ ﻱﺎﻘﺗﺭﺍ ﻭ ﻲــﻌﻤﺟ ﺖﻛﺭﺎــﺸﻣ ﻱﺎﻫ ﺵﻭﺭ ﻭ ﻩﺩﻮﻤﻧ

(4)

(42) 13 ؛1389 ﺖﻣﻼﺳ ﺖﻳﺮﻳﺪﻣ

ﻥﺎﻣﺯﺎﺳ ﻱﺮﺒﻫﺭ ﻪﻄﻴﺣ ﺭﺩ ﻪﻠﺧﺍﺪﻣ ﺯﺍ ﺪﻌﺑ ﻝﺎﺳ ﺞﻨﭘ ﻭ ﻞﺒﻗ ﻪﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣ ﺩﺭﻮﻣ ﻱﺎﻫﺮﻴﻐﺘﻣ ﺮﻴﻴﻐﺗ ﺭﺍﺪﻘﻣ ﻪﺴﻳﺎﻘﻣ :1 ﻝﻭﺪﺟ

ﺶﺠﻨﺳ ﺩﺭﻮﻣ ﻱﺎﻫ ﺺﺧﺎﺷ MEP ﻩﻭﺮﮔ

TQM ﻩﻭﺮﮔ P value

ﻥﺎﻨﻛﺭﺎﻛ ﻭ ﻥﺍﺮﻳﺪﻣ ﺮﺛﺆﻣ ﻁﺎﺒﺗﺭﺍ 2.18±0.17

2.14±0.16

>0.05

ﻥﺍﺮﻳﺪﻣ ﻭ ﻥﺎﻨﻛﺭﺎﻛ ﻪﺒﻧﺎﺟﻭﺩ ﺩﺎﻤﺘﻋﺍ 1.73±0.15

1.88±0.15

>0.05

ﻥﺎﻨﻛﺭﺎﻛ ﻱﺮﻳﺬﭘ ﺖﻛﺭﺎﺸﻣ ﻪﻴﺣﻭﺭ 2.1±0.15

2.6±0.25

>0.05

ﻥﺍﺮﻳﺪﻣ ﻱﺮﻳﺬﭘ ﺖﻛﺭﺎﺸﻣ ﻪﻴﺣﻭﺭ 2±0.15

1.86±0.16

>0.05

ﻲﻤﻴﺗ ﺭﺎﻛ ﮓﻨﻫﺮﻓ 2.08±0.17

2.02±0.15

>0.05

ﻱﺮﻳﺬﭘ ﺩﺎﻘﺘﻧﺍ ﻪﻴﺣﻭﺭ 1.94±0.17

1.92±0.16

>0.05

ﺶﻫﻭﮋﭘ ﺯﺍ ﻥﺍﺮﻳﺪﻣ ﺖﻳﺎﻤﺣ 1.4±0.13

1.8±0.15 0.03

ءﺎﻘﺗﺭﺍ ﻱﺎﻫ ﻪﻣﺎﻧﺮﺑ ﺯﺍ ﻥﺍﺮﻳﺪﻣ ﺖﻳﺎﻤﺣ 2±0.15

1.78±0.16 0.04

ﺕﺍﺩﺎﻘﺘﻧﺍ ﻥﺪﻴﻨﺷ ﻱﺍﺮﺑ ﺐﺳﺎﻨﻣ ﻱﺎﻀﻓ ﺩﻮﺟﻭ 1.65±0.13

1.36±0.13 0.035

ﻥﺎﻨﻛﺭﺎﻛ ﻲﻧﺎﺴﻧﺍ ﺖﻣﺍﺮﻛ ﻪﺑ ﻥﺍﺮﻳﺪﻣ ﻪﺟﻮﺗ 1.67±0.16

1.7±0.13

>0.05

ﻥﺎﻨﻛﺭﺎﻛ ﺪﻳﺪﺟ ﺕﺍﺭﺎﻜﺘﺑﺍ ﻭ ﺎﻫ ﻱﺭﻭﺁﻮﻧ ﺯﺍ ﻥﺍﺮﻳﺪﻣ ﺖﻳﺎﻤﺣ 1.6±0.14

1.6±0.14 0.008

ﻥﺎﻣﺯﺎﺳ ﻪﻋﻮﻤﺠﻣﺮﻳﺯ ﻱﺎﻫﺪﺣﺍﻭ ﻪﺑ ﺭﺎﻴﺘﺧﺍ ﺾﻳﻮﻔﺗ ﻭ ﻲﻳﺍﺩﺯﺰﻛﺮﻤﺗ 1.77±0.15

1.6±0.13 0.025

ﻥﺎﻣﺯﺎﺳ ﺭﺩ ﺮﻴﻴﻐﺗ ﻱﺍﺮﺑ ﻲﮔﺩﺎﻣﺁ ﺩﻮﺟﻭ 1.95±0.16

1.6±0.14 0.027

ﻥﺍﺮﻳﺪﻣ ﻚﻴﻤﺘﺴﻴﺳ ﺵﺮﮕﻧ 1.73±0.15

1.6±0.15 0.004

ﻪﻠﺧﺍﺪﻣ ﺯﺍ ﺪﻌﺑ ﻝﺎﺳ ﺞﻨﭘ ﻭ ﻞﺒﻗ ﻪﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣ ﺩﺭﻮﻣ ﻱﺎﻫﺮﻴﻐﺘﻣ ﺮﻴﻴﻐﺗ ﺭﺍﺪﻘﻣ ﻪﺴﻳﺎﻘﻣ :2 ﻝﻭﺪﺟ ﻥﺎﻣﺯﺎﺳ ﺭﺩ ﺕﺎﻋﻼﻃﺍ ﺖﻳﺮﻳﺪﻣ ﻪﻄﻴﺣ ﺭﺩ

ﻥﺎﻨﻛﺭﺎﻛ ﻭ ﻥﺍﺮﻳﺪﻣ ﺮﺛﺆﻣ ﻁﺎﺒﺗﺭﺍ 2.18±0.17

2.14±0.16

>0.05

ﻥﺍﺮﻳﺪﻣ ﻭ ﻥﺎﻨﻛﺭﺎﻛ ﻪﺒﻧﺎﺟﻭﺩ ﺩﺎﻤﺘﻋﺍ 1.73±0.15

1.88±0.15

>0.05

ﻥﺎﻨﻛﺭﺎﻛ ﻱﺮﻳﺬﭘ ﺖﻛﺭﺎﺸﻣ ﻪﻴﺣﻭﺭ 2.1±0.15

2.6±0.25

>0.05

ﻥﺍﺮﻳﺪﻣ ﻱﺮﻳﺬﭘ ﺖﻛﺭﺎﺸﻣ ﻪﻴﺣﻭﺭ 2±0.15

1.86±0.16

>0.05

ﻲﻤﻴﺗ ﺭﺎﻛ ﮓﻨﻫﺮﻓ 2.08±0.17

2.02±0.15

>0.05

ﻱﺮﻳﺬﭘ ﺩﺎﻘﺘﻧﺍ ﻪﻴﺣﻭﺭ 1.94±0.17

1.92±0.16

>0.05

ﻥﺍﺮﻳﺪﻣ ﻚﻴﻤﺘﺴﻴﺳ ﺵﺮﮕﻧ 1.73±0.15

1.6±0.15

>0.05

(5)

(42) 13 ؛1389 ﺖﻣﻼﺳ ﺖﻳﺮﻳﺪﻣ

ﻲﺳﺭﺮﺑ ﻪﻟﺎــﺴﺠﻨﭘ ﻩﺭﻭﺩ ﺭﺩ ﻭ ﺪﻨﺘﻓﺭ ﻲﻣ ﻮﻠﺟ ﻡﺎﮔ ﻪﺑ ﻡﺎﮔ ﺍﺭ ﻡﺎﻤﺗ ﺭﺩ ﻭ ﺪﺷ ﺭﺍﺰﮔﺮﺑ ﻱﺭﻮــﺸﻛ ﻭ ﻱﺍ ﻪﻘﻄﻨﻣ ﻱﺎﻫﺭﺎﻨﻴﻤــﺳ ،ﺭﺍﺰﮔﺮﺑ ﺖــﻴﻔﻴﻛ ﺯﻭﺭ ﻪــﺘﻔﻫ ﺭﺩ ﺯﻭﺭ ﻚــﻳ ﺎﻫ ﻥﺎﺘــﺳﺮﻬﺷ ﻪﻳﺮــﺸﻧ ﻚﻳ ﻭ ﺪﻨﺘــﺷﺍﺩ ﺖﻛﺮــﺷ ﻥﺁ ﺭﺩ ﻥﺎﻨﻛﺭﺎﻛ ﺐﻠﻏﺍ ﻭ ﺵﺯﻮﻣﺁ . ﺖﺧﺎــﺳ ﻲﻣ ﻞﻘﺘﻨﻣ ﻥﺍﺮﮕﻳﺩ ﻪﺑ ﺍﺭ ﺕﺎﻴﺑﺮﺠﺗ ﺰــﻴﻧ ﻡﻮﻠﻋ ﻩﺎﮕﺸﻧﺍﺩ ﺭﺩ ﻊﻣﺎﺟ ﺖﻴﻔﻴﻛ ﺖﻳﺮﻳﺪﻣ ﻝﻮﺻﺍ ﻭ ﻢﻴﻫﺎﻔﻣ

FOCUS PDCA ﻱﺎﻫ ﻩﺎﮔﺭﺎﻛ ﻱﺭﺍﺰﮔﺮﺑ ﺎﺑ ﺰﻳﺮﺒﺗ ﻲﻜــﺷﺰﭘ ﺭﺩ ﻥﺍﺮﻳﺪﻣ ﻭ ﻥﺎﻨﻛﺭﺎﻛ ﺐﻠﻏﺍ ﻭ ﺪــﺷ ﺯﺎﻏﺁ 1380 ﻝﺎــﺳ ﺯﺍ ءﺎﻘﺗﺭﺍ ﻱﺎﻫ ﻩژﻭﺮﭘ ﺭﺩ ﻭ ﻩﺪﻳﺩ ﺵﺯﻮﻣﺁ ﺖﻴﻔﻴﻛ ﻱﺎﻘﺗﺭﺍ ﻪﻨﻴﻣﺯ ﻭ ﻪﻳﺮﺸﻧ ﺭﺎﺸﺘﻧﺍ ﻭ ﻲﮕﺘﻔﻫ ﻱﺎﻫ ﺖﺴﺸﻧ ﻭ ﺪﻧﺩﻮﻤﻧ ﺖﻛﺮــﺷ ﺎﻫﺪﺣﺍﻭ ﺐﻠﻏﺍ ﺭﺩ ﻲــﺳﺭﺮﺑ ﻭ ﺪﻘﻧ ﻱﺎﻫ ﺖــﺴﺸﻧ ﻱﺭﺍﺰﮔﺮﺑ ﺵﻮﺟﺩﻮﺧ ﺕﺭﻮﺻ ﻪﺑ ﺎــﻫ ﺖﻴﻟﺎﻌﻓ ﺐﻠﻏﺍ .ﺖــﺷﺍﺩ ﻥﺎﻳﺮﺟ ﻱﺰﻳﺭ ﻪﻣﺎﻧﺮﺑ ﻥﺎﺘــﺳﺍ ﺖــﺷﺍﺪﻬﺑ ﺰﻛﺮﻣ ﺭﺩ ﻭ ﺖﻓﺎﻳ ﻲﻣ ﻡﺎﺠﻧﺍ .ﺩﻮﺑ ﻪﺘﻓﺮﮔ ﻡﺎﺠﻧﺍ ﺖﻴﻔﻴﻛ ﻡﺎﻏﺩﺍ ﻱﺍﺮﺑ ﻲﻧﺎﻬﺟ ﺖﺷﺍﺪﻬﺑ ﻥﺎﻣﺯﺎﺳ :ﺖﻳﺮﻳﺪﻣ ﻲــﺸﺨﺑﺮﺛﺍ ﻪﻣﺎﻧﺮﺑ ﺖﻴﻔﻴﻛ ﺖﻳﺮﻳﺪﻣ ﻲــﺳﺎﺳﺍ ﻝﻮﺻﺍ ﻭ ﺎﻫ ﺵﺯﺭﺍ ﻡﺎﻏﺩﺍ ﻱﺍﺮــﺑ ﺖﻣﻼــﺳ ﻢﺘــﺴﻴﺳ ﻲﺘﻳﺮﻳﺪﻣ ﻱﺎــﻫ ﺵﻭﺭ ﻭ ﺎــﻫﺪﻨﻳﺍﺮﻓ ﺭﺩ ﺖﻳﺮﻳﺪﻣ ﻲــﺸﺨﺑﺮﺛﺍ ﻪﻣﺎﻧﺮﺑ .ﺩﻮﻤﻧ ﻲﺣﺍﺮﻃ ﺍﺭ ﻪــﻣﺎﻧﺮﺑ ﻦﻳﺍ ﻲﺷﺯﻮﻣﺁ ﻱﺎﻫ ﺵﻭﺭ ﻭ ﺎﻫ ﺶﻘﻧ ،ﺎﻫﺭﺍﺰﺑﺍ ،ﺎﻫ ﺵﻭﺭ ﻪﻋﻮﻤﺠﻣ ﺱﺎﺳﺍ ﺮﺑ ﻱﺮﻴﮔﺩﺎﻳ ﻱژﻮﻟﻮﻨﻜﺗ ﻲﻠﺻﺍ ﺭﺎﻜﻫﺍﺭ ﻭﺩ ﻪﻛ ﺖﺳﺍ ﺪﻳﺪﺟ ﻱﺎﻫ ﺶﻘﻧ ﺎﺑ ﻲﻳﺎﻫ ﺖﻳﺎﺳ ﺩﺎﺠﻳﺍ ﻭ ﺹﺎﺧ ﻱﺎﻫ ﻝﻭﺪﻣ

ﻱﺎﻫ ﻲﻳﺎﻧﺍﻮﺗ ﻭ ﺎﻫ ﺕﺭﺎﻬﻣ .ﺪﻳﺎﻤﻧ ﻲﻣ ﻝﺎﺒﻧﺩ ﺍﺭ ﻩﺪﺷ ﻒﻳﺮﻌﺗ ﻭ ﻭ ﺶﻧﺍﺩ ﻩﻭﺮﮔ ﻪﺳ ﺭﺩ ﺪﻳﺪﺟ ﻱﺎﻫ ﺶﻘﻧ ﺵﺮﻳﺬﭘ ﻱﺍﺮﺑ ﻡﺯﻻ ،ﺎﻫﺪﻨﻳﺍﺮﻓ ﻱﺎﻘﺗﺭﺍ ﺕﺭﺎﻬﻣ ﻭ ﺶﻧﺍﺩ ،ﺖﻳﺮﻳﺪﻣ ﻪﻌﺳﻮﺗ ﺕﺭﺎﻬﻣ ﻥﺍﺮﻳﺪﻣ .ﺩﺩﺮﮔ ﻲﻣ ﻱﺪﻨﺑ ﻪﻘﺒﻃ ﻱﺩﺮﻓ ﻪﻌﺳﻮﺗ ﺕﺭﺎﻬﻣ ﻭ ﺶﻧﺍﺩ ﺖــﺷﺍﺪﻬﺑ ﻥﺎﻣﺯﺎــﺳ ﻱﺎﻫ ﻝﻭﺪﻣ ﺯﺍ ﻩﺩﺎﻔﺘــﺳﺍ ﺎﺑ ﻥﺎﻨﻛﺭﺎﻛ ﻭ ﺖﻣﻼﺳ ﻢﺘﺴﻴﺳ ﺖﻳﺮﻳﺪﻣ ،ﻱﺩﺮﻓ ﻪﻌﺳﻮﺗ ﻪﻨﻴﻣﺯ ﺭﺩ ﻲﻧﺎﻬﺟ ﺖﻣﻼﺳ ﻢﺘﺴﻴﺳ ﻱﺎﻘﺗﺭﺍ ﻭ ﻪﻌــﺳﻮﺗ ﻱﺎﻫﺭﺍﺰﺑﺍ ﻭ ﺎﻫ ﺵﻭﺭ ﻭ ﻲﺷﺯﻮﻣﺁ ﻱﺎﻫﺯﺎﻴﻧ ﺖﻳﺎﺳ ﺮﻫ ﺭﺩ .ﺪﻧﻮــﺷ ﻲﻣ ﻩﺩﺍﺩ ﺵﺯﻮﻣﺁ ﺎﻫﺭﻮﺘﻨﻣ - ﺭﻮﺗﻮﺗ ﻚﻤﻛ ﺎﺑ ﻭ ﺖﻳﺎﺳ ﻱﺮﺒﻫﺭ ﻢﻴﺗ ﻪﻠﻴــﺳﻭ ﻪﺑ ﺎﻫﺯﺎﻴﻧ ﻦﻳﺍ ﻪﺑ ﺦــﺳﺎﭘ ﻱﺍﺮﺑ ﺐــﺳﺎﻨﻣ ﻱﺎﻫﺭﺎﻜﻫﺍﺭ ﻭ ،ﻦﻴﻴﻌﺗ - ﺭﻮﺗﻮﺗ ﺖﻳﺎﺳ ﺭﺩ ﺪﻳﺪﺟ ﻱﺎﻫ ﺶﻘﻧ .ﺩﺩﺮﮔ ﻲﻣ ﺺﺨــﺸﻣ ﻱﺎﻘﺗﺭﺍ ﻩﺪﻨﻨﻛ ﮓﻨﻫﺎﻤﻫ ،ﺖﻳﺎــﺳ ﻢﻴﺗ ،ﺖﻳﺎــﺳ ﺮﺒﻫﺭ ،ﺭﻮﺘﻨﻣ ﺭﺩ ﺮﻴﻴﻐﺗ ﻭ ﻪﻌﺳﻮﺗ ﻥﻮﻧﺎﻛ .ﺪﻨﺘﺴﻫ ءﺎﻘﺗﺭﺍ ﻱﺎﻫ ﻢﻴﺗ ﻭ ﺪﻨﻳﺍﺮﻓ .ﺪﺷﺎﺑ ﻲﻣ ﺖﻳﺎﺳ ﻪﻣﺎﻧﺮﺑ ﻦﻳﺍ ﺎﻫ ﻪﺘﻓﺎﻳ ﻱﺎﻫﺪﺣﺍﻭ ﺭﺩ ﻪﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣ ﺭﺩ ﻩﺪﻨﻨﻛ ﺖﻛﺮــﺷ ﺩﺍﺮﻓﺍ ﺭﺎﻛ ﻪﻘﺑﺎــﺳ ﻩﻭﺮﮔ ﺭﺩ ﻭ ﻝﺎــﺳ 15.5±1 ﻊﻣﺎﺟ ﺖﻴﻔﻴﻛ ﺖﻳﺮﻳﺪﻣ ﻩﻭﺮــﮔ ﻪﻛ ﺖــﺳﺍ ﻩﺩﻮﺑ ﻝﺎــﺳ 15.1±1 ﺖﻳﺮﻳﺪﻣ ﺶﺨﺑﺮﺛﺍ ﻪﻣﺎﻧﺮﺑ

ﻥﺎﻣﺯﺎﺳ ﻲﻧﺎﺴﻧﺍ ﻪﻌﺳﻮﺗ ﻪﻄﻴﺣ ﺭﺩ ﻪﻠﺧﺍﺪﻣ ﺯﺍ ﺪﻌﺑ ﻝﺎﺳ ﺞﻨﭘ ﻭ ﻞﺒﻗ ﻪﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣ ﺩﺭﻮﻣ ﻱﺎﻫﺮﻴﻐﺘﻣ ﺮﻴﻴﻐﺗ ﺭﺍﺪﻘﻣ ﻪﺴﻳﺎﻘﻣ :3 ﻝﻭﺪﺟ

ﺩﻮﺧ ﺖﻴﻟﺎﻌﻓ ﻪﻄﻴﺣ ﺭﺩ ﻲﻓﺎﻛ ﺭﺎﻴﺘﺧﺍ ﺯﺍ ﻱﺭﺍﺩﺭﻮﺧﺮﺑ 1.76±0.15

1.64±0.16

>0.05

ﻱﺮﻴﮔ ﻢﻴﻤﺼﺗ ﺭﺩ ﻥﺎﻨﻛﺭﺎﻛ ﺖﻛﺭﺎﺸﻣ 2.18±0.15

2.2±0.15

>0.05

ﻥﺎﻨﻛﺭﺎﻛ ﻱﺩﺮﻓ ﻡﻭﺍﺪﻣ ﺵﺯﻮﻣﺁ ﻪﻧﻻﺎﺳ ﻱﺰﻳﺭ ﻪﻣﺎﻧﺮﺑ 2.4±0.17

3.1±0.18 0.005

ﻥﺎﻨﻛﺭﺎﻛ ﻱﺍ ﻪﻓﺮﺣ ﻡﻭﺍﺪﻣ ﺵﺯﻮﻣﺁ ﻪﻧﻻﺎﺳ ﻱﺰﻳﺭ ﻪﻣﺎﻧﺮﺑ 2.3±0.16

3.03±0.19 0.004

ﻡﻭﺍﺪﻣ ﺵﺯﻮﻣﺁ ﻪﻣﺎﻧﺮﺑ ﻦﻳﻭﺪﺗ ﺭﺩ ﻲﺠﻨﺳﺯﺎﻴﻧ 2.3±0.16

3.4±0.2 0.001

ﺮﮕﻳﺪﻜﻳ ﺎﺑ ﻥﺎﻨﻛﺭﺎﻛ ﺰﻴﻣﺁ ﻡﺍﺮﺘﺣﺍ ﺩﺭﻮﺧﺮﺑ 1.6±0.14

1.4±0.13

>0.05

ﺕﺍﺩﺎﻬﻨﺸﻴﭘ ﻭ ﺕﺍﺮﻈﻧ ﻪﺋﺍﺭﺍ ﺭﺩ ﻥﺎﻨﻛﺭﺎﻛ ﺮﻃﺎﺧ ﺖﻴﻨﻣﺍ 1.7±0.14

1.66±0.14 0.025

ﻥﺎﻨﻛﺭﺎﻛ ﺩﺮﻜﻠﻤﻋ ﺩﻮﺒﻬﺑ ﺯﺍ ﻲﻧﺍﺩﺭﺪﻗ 1.9±0.16

1.5±0.13 0.012

ﺩﻮﺧ ﺭﺎﻛ ﻪﺑ ﻥﺎﻨﻛﺭﺎﻛ ﺕﺎﻫﺎﺒﻣ ﻭ ﺭﺎﺨﺘﻓﺍ 1.6±0.16

1.3±0.12

>0.05

ﻥﺎﻨﻛﺭﺎﻛ ﻪﻧﺎﻴﻟﺎﺳ ﻲﺑﺎﻴﺷﺯﺭﺍ ﻡﺎﻈﻧ 1.3±0.13

1.38±0.12

>0.05

(6)

(42) 13 ؛1389 ﺖﻣﻼﺳ ﺖﻳﺮﻳﺪﻣ

ﺮﻫ ^MEP ﻩﻭﺮﮔ ﺭﺩ .ﺩﺭﺍﺪﻧ ﺩﻮــﺟﻭ ﻱﺭﺎﻣﺁ ﺭﺍﺩﺎﻨﻌﻣ ﺕﻭﺎﻔﺗ ﻩﻭﺮﮔ ﺭﺩ ﻭ ءﺎﻘﺗﺭﺍ ﻪﻣﺎﻧﺮﺑ 3.5±0.8 ﺭﺩ ﻂﺳﻮﺘﻣ ﺭﻮﻃ ﻪﺑ ﺩﺮﻓ ﻦﻴﺑ ﻭ ﺖﺳﺍ ﻩﺩﻮﻤﻧ ﺖﻛﺮﺷ ءﺎﻘﺗﺭﺍ ﻪﻣﺎﻧﺮﺑ 3±0.8 ﺭﺩ ^TQM ﻩﻭﺮﮔ ﺭﺩ .ﺩﺭﺍﺪﻧ ﺩﻮﺟﻭ ﻱﺭﺎﻣﺁ ﺭﺍﺩﺎــﻨﻌﻣ ﻑﻼﺘﺧﺍ ﻩﻭﺮﮔ ﻭﺩ

TQM ﻩﻭﺮﮔ ﺭﺩ ﻭ ﻥﺎــﻨﻛﺭﺎﻛ ﺪﺻﺭﺩ 66.3 ﺩﻭﺪــﺣ ^MEP ﻱﺎﻘﺗﺭﺍ ﻪﻣﺎﻧﺮﺑ ﻚﻳ ﺭﺩ ﻞﻗﺍﺪﺣ ﻥﺎﻨﻛﺭﺎﻛ ﺪﺻﺭﺩ 62.2 ﺩﻭﺪﺣ ﻱﺎﻫﺭﺍﺰﺑﺍ ﺯﺍ ﻩﺩﺎﻔﺘــﺳﺍ ﻪﻨﻴﻣﺯ ﺭﺩ .ﺪﻨﺘــﺷﺍﺩ ﺖﻛﺮــﺷ ﺪﻨﻳﺍﺮﻓ ﺭﺩ ﻱﺯﺎﻴﺘﻣﺍ ﻩﺩ ﺱﺎﻴﻘﻣ ﺭﺩ ﻥﺎﻨﻛﺭﺎﻛ ﺕﺭﺎﻬﻣ ﺢﻄﺳ ﻲﺘﻳﺮﻳﺪﻣ ﺎﻫﺪﻨﻳﺍﺮﻓ ﻱﺎﻘﺗﺭﺍ ﺭﺩ ﺐــﻴﺗﺮﺗ ﻪﺑ ^TQM ﻭ ^MEP ﻩﻭﺮــﮔ ﻭﺩ ﺭﺩ ،5.3 ﻭ 6 ﺎﻫﺪﻨﻳﺍﺮﻓ ﻲﺑﺎﻴــﺷﺯﺭﺍ ﻭ ﺶﻳﺎﭘ ﺭﺩ ،5.8 ﻭ 6.5 ﻱﺭﺎﻣﺁ ﻱﺎﻫ ﺵﻭﺭ ﺯﺍ ﻩﺩﺎﻔﺘــﺳﺍ ﺭﺩ ،5.9 ﻭ 5.7 ﻱﺰﻳﺭ ﻪﻣﺎﻧﺮﺑ 6.8 ﺕﺎﻋﻼﻃﺍ ﻦﻳﻮﻧ ﻱﺎﻫ ﻱﺭﻭﺎﻨﻓ ﺯﺍ ﻩﺩﺎﻔﺘﺳﺍ ﺭﺩ ،3.3 ﻭ 4.4 ﺭﺩ .ﺩﻮﺑ 5.2 ﻭ 6.4 ﻲﻤﻠﻋ ﺵﺭﺍﺰﮔ ﻭ ﻪﻟﺎﻘﻣ ﻪﻴﻬﺗ ﺭﺩ ﻭ 6.5 ﻭ ﻑﻼﺘﺧﺍ ﻲﻤﻠﻋ ﻱﺎﻫ ﺵﺭﺍﺰﮔ ﻪﻴﻬﺗ ﻭ ﺎﻫﺪﻨﻳﺍﺮﻓ ﻱﺎﻘﺗﺭﺍ ﺩﺭﻮﻣ ﺩﺭﺍﻮﻣ ﻪﻴﻘﺑ ﺭﺩ ﻭ ﺖﺷﺍﺩ ﺩﻮﺟﻭ ﻩﻭﺮﮔ ﻭﺩ ﻦﻴﺑ ﻱﺭﺎﻣﺁ ﺭﺍﺩﺎﻨﻌﻣ .ﺩﻮﺒﻧ ﺭﺍﺩﺎﻨﻌﻣ ﻩﻭﺮﮔ ﻭﺩ ﻑﻼﺘﺧﺍ ﺮﻴﻴﻐﺗ ﻦﻳﺮﺘﺸﻴﺑ ﻪﻄﻴﺣ ﻦﻳﺍ ﺭﺩ :ﻥﺎﻣﺯﺎــﺳ ﻱﺮﺒﻫﺭ ﻪﻄﻴﺣ ﻪﻴﺣﻭﺭ ،ﻥﺎﻨﻛﺭﺎﻛ ﻭ ﻥﺍﺮــﻳﺪﻣ ﻁﺎــﺒﺗﺭﺍ ﺭﺩ ^MEP ﻩﻭﺮــﮔ ﺭﺩ ﻪﻴﺣﻭﺭ ﻭ ﻲﻤﻴﺗ ﺭﺎﻛ ﮓــﻨﻫﺮﻓ ،ﻥﺎﻨﻛﺭﺎﻛ ﻱﺮﻳﺬﭘ ﺖﻛﺭﺎــﺸﻣ ﺭﺩ ﻭ ﺖــﺳﺍ ﻪﺘﻓﺮﮔ ﺕﺭﻮــﺻ ﻥﺍﺮــﻳﺪﻣ ﻱﺮﻳﺬﭘ ﺖﻛﺭﺎــﺸﻣ ﻱﺮﻳﺬﭘ ﺖﻛﺭﺎﺸﻣ ﻪﻴﺣﻭﺭ ﺭﺩ ﺮﻴﻴﻐﺗ ﻦﻳﺮﺘــﺸﻴﺑ ^TQM ﻩﻭﺮﮔ ﺭﺎﻛ ﮓﻨﻫﺮﻓ ،ﻥﺎــﻨﻛﺭﺎﻛ ﻭ ﻥﺍﺮﻳﺪﻣ ﺮﺛﺆﻣ ﻁﺎــﺒﺗﺭﺍ ،ﻥﺎﻨﻛﺭﺎﻛ .ﺖﺳﺍ ﻩﺪﻣﺁ ﺩﻮﺟﻭ ﻪﺑ ﻱﺮﻳﺬﭘﺩﺎﻘﺘﻧﺍ ﻭ ﻲﻤﻴﺗ ﻪﻄﻴﺣ ﻦﻳﺍ ﺭﺩ :ﺕﺎﻋﻼﻃﺍ ﺖﻳﺮﻳﺪﻣ ﻭ ﻱﺭﻭﺎــﻨﻓ ﻪﻄﻴﺣ ﺭﺩ ﺪﻫﺍﻮﺷ ﺯﺍ ﻩﺩﺎﻔﺘﺳﺍ ﺭﺩ ^MEP ﻩﻭﺮﮔ ﺭﺩ ﺮﻴﻴﻐﺗ ﻦﻳﺮﺘــﺸﻴﺑ

ﺶﺠﻨﺳ ﻭ ﺯﺎﻴﻧ ﺩﺭﻮﻣ ﻱﺎﻫ ﻩﺩﺍﺩ ﻪﺑ ﻲﺳﺮﺘﺳﺩ ،ﻱﺮﻴﮔ ﻢﻴﻤﺼﺗ ﺯﺍ ﻩﺩﺎﻔﺘﺳﺍ ﺭﺩ ^TQM ﻩﻭﺮﮔ ﺭﺩ ﻭ ﻩﺩﺍﺩ ﺥﺭ ﻥﺎﻣﺯﺎﺳ ﺩﺮﻜﻠﻤﻋ ﻭ ﻥﺎﻣﺯﺎﺳ ﺩﺮﻜﻠﻤﻋ ﺶﺠﻨﺳ ،ﺕﺎﻤﻴﻤﺼﺗ ﺫﺎﺨﺗﺍ ﺭﺩ ﺪﻫﺍﻮﺷ ﺭﺩ .ﺖﺳﺍ ﻩﺪﻣﺁ ﺩﻮﺟﻭ ﻪﺑ ﺯﺎﻴﻧ ﺩﺭﻮﻣ ﻱﺎﻫ ﻩﺩﺍﺩ ﻪﺑ ﻲــﺳﺮﺘﺳﺩ ﻱﺭﺎﻣﺁ ﻱﺎﻫ ﺵﻭﺭ ﺎﺑ ﻲﻳﺎﻨﺷﺁ ﺭﺩ ﺮﻴﻴﻐﺗ ﻦﻳﺮﺘﻤﻛ ﻩﻭﺮﮔ ﻭﺩ ﺮﻫ .ﺖﺳﺍ ﻩﺩﺎﺘﻓﺍ ﻕﺎﻔﺗﺍ ﻦﻳﺮﺘﺸﻴﺑ ﻪﻄﻴﺣ ﻦﻳﺍﺭﺩ :ﻲﻧﺎﺴﻧﺍ ﻪﻌﺳﻮﺗ ﺖﻳﺮﻳﺪﻣ ﻪﻄﻴﺣ ﻪﻌــﺳﻮﺗﻭ ﺵﺯﻮﻣﺁ ﻪﻣﺎﻧﺮﺑ ﻦﻳﻭﺪﺗ ﺭﺩ ^MEP ﻩﻭﺮﮔ ﺭﺩ ﺮﻴﻴﻐﺗ ﺯﺍ ﻲﻧﺍﺩﺭﺪﻗ ،ﻥﺎﻨﻛﺭﺎﻛ ﺖﻛﺭﺎﺸﻣ ،ﻥﺎﻨﻛﺭﺎﻛ ﻲﻠﻐــﺷ ﻭ ﻱﺩﺮﻓ

TQM ﻩﻭﺮﮔ ﺭﺩ ﻭ ﻩﺩﺍﺩ ﺥﺭ ﺭﺎﻴﺘﺧﺍ ﺾﻳﻮﻔﺗ ﻭ ﺩﺮﻜﻠﻤﻋ ﺩﻮﺒﻬﺑ ،ﻥﺎﻨﻛﺭﺎﻛ ﻲﻠﻐﺷ ﻭ ﻱﺩﺮﻓ ﻪﻌﺳﻮﺗ ﻭ ﺵﺯﻮﻣﺁ ﻪﻣﺎﻧﺮﺑ ﻦﻳﻭﺪﺗ ﺭﺩ .ﺩﻮﺑ ﺭﺎﻴﺘﺧﺍ ﺾﻳﻮﻔﺗ ﻭ ﺕﺍﺩﺎﻬﻨﺸﻴﭘ ﻪﺋﺍﺭﺍ ،ﻥﺎﻨﻛﺭﺎﻛ ﺖﻛﺭﺎﺸﻣ ﺮﻴﻴﻐﺗ ﻦﻳﺮﺘﺸﻴﺑ ﻪﻄﻴﺣ ﻦﻳﺍﺭﺩ :ﻱﺮﺘﺸﻣ ﺖﻳﺮﻳﺪﻣ ﻪﻄﻴﺣ ﺩﺭﻮﺧﺮﺑ ﻭ ﻱﺮﺘﺸﻣ ﮓﻨﻫﺮﻓ ﺵﺮﺘــﺴﮔ ﺭﺩ ^MEP ﻩﻭﺮﮔ ﺭﺩ ﺖﻓﺎﻳﺭﺩ ﺭﺩ ^TQM ﻩﻭﺮــﮔ ﺭﺩ ﻭ ﻱﺮﺘــﺸﻣ ﺎﺑ ﺰﻴﻣﺁ ﻡﺍﺮــﺘﺣﺍ .ﺩﻮﺑ ﻱﺮﺘﺸﻣ ﺎﺑ ﺏﻮﺧ ﺩﺭﻮﺧﺮﺑ ﻭ ﻱﺮﺘﺸﻣ ﺕﺍﺮﻈﻧ ﺮﻴﻴﻐﺗ ﻦﻳﺮﺘــﺸﻴﺑ ﻪﻄﻴﺣ ﻦــﻳﺍﺭﺩ :ﻱﺰﻳﺭ ﻪﻣﺎﻧﺮﺑ ﻪــﻄﻴﺣ ﺎﻤﻧﺭﻭﺩ ﻦﻳﻭﺪﺗ ،ﻪﻧﺎﻴﻟﺎــﺳ ﻪﻣﺎﻧﺮﺑ ﻪﻴﻬﺗ ﺭﺩ ^MEP ﻩﻭﺮــﮔ ﺭﺩ ﻱﺍﺮﺟﺍ ﺭﺩ ^TQM ﻩﻭﺮﮔ ﺭﺩ ﻭ ﺩﻮــﺑ ﻥﺎﻣﺯﺎــﺳ ﻱﺎﻫ ﺵﺯﺭﺍ ﻭ .ﺩﻮﺑ ﺎﻤﻧﺭﻭﺩ ﻦﻳﻭﺪﺗ ﻭ ﻪﻧﺎﻴﻟﺎﺳ ﻪﻣﺎﻧﺮﺑ ﻦﻳﻭﺪﺗ ،ﻪﻣﺎﻧﺮﺑ ﻦﻳﺮﺘــﺸﻴﺑ ﻪﻄﻴﺣ ﻦﻳﺍﺭﺩ :ﺎﻫﺪﻨﻳﺍﺮﻓ ﺖــﻳﺮﻳﺪﻣ ﻪــﻄﻴﺣ ﺕﺭﺎﭼﻮﻠﻓ ﻦﻳﻭﺪﺗ ،ﻱﺯﺎــﺳﺪﻨﺘﺴﻣ ﺭﺩ ^MEP ﻩﻭﺮﮔ ﺭﺩ ﺮﻴﻴﻐﺗ

TQM ﻩﻭﺮﮔ ﺭﺩ ﻭ ﺎﻫﺪﻨﻳﺍﺮﻓ ﺩﺮﻜﻠﻤﻋ ﺶﺠﻨــﺳ ﻭ ﺎﻫﺪﻨﻳﺍﺮﻓ

ﺎﻫﺪﻨﻳﺍﺮﻓ ﺖﻳﺮﻳﺪﻣ ﻪﻄﻴﺣ ﺭﺩ ﻪﻠﺧﺍﺪﻣ ﺯﺍ ﺪﻌﺑ ﻝﺎﺳ ﺞﻨﭘ ﻭ ﻞﺒﻗ ﻪﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣ ﺩﺭﻮﻣ ﻱﺎﻫﺮﻴﻐﺘﻣ ﺮﻴﻴﻐﺗ ﺭﺍﺪﻘﻣ ﻪﺴﻳﺎﻘﻣ :4 ﻝﻭﺪﺟ

ﺎﻫﺪﻨﻳﺍﺮﻓ ﺮﻤﺘﺴﻣ ﻱﺎﻘﺗﺭﺍ ﺭﺩ ﺪﻨﻤﻧﺍﻮﺗ ﻥﺍﺭﻭﺎﺸﻣ ﻪﺑ ﻲﺳﺮﺘﺳﺩ 1.9±0.16

1.66±0.15 0.05>

ﺎﻫﺪﻨﻳﺍﺮﻓ ﺕﺭﺎﭼﻮﻠﻓ ﻦﻳﻭﺪﺗ 2.5±0.19

2.1±0.17 0.05>

ﺎﻫﺪﻨﻳﺍﺮﻓ ﺩﺮﻜﻠﻤﻋ ﻪﺑ ﺖﺒﺴﻧ ﻥﺎﻨﻛﺭﺎﻛ ﻲﻫﺎﮔﺁ 1.95±0.15

2.04±0.16 0.05>

ﻥﺎﻣﺯﺎﺳ ﺭﺩ ﻪﺘﻓﺎﻳ ﻡﺎﺠﻧﺍ ﻱﺎﻫ ﺖﻴﻟﺎﻌﻓ ﻱﺯﺎﺳﺪﻨﺘﺴﻣ 2.65±0.56

2.08±0.17 NS

ﻥﺎﻣﺯﺎﺳ ﺩﺮﻜﻠﻤﻋ ﺮﻤﺘﺴﻣ ﻱﺎﻘﺗﺭﺍ 1.75±0.14

1.7±0.14 0.05>

ﻥﺎﻣﺯﺎﺳ ﺭﺩ ﺎﻫﺪﻨﻳﺍﺮﻓ ﻱﺪﻨﺑ ﺖﻳﻮﻟﻭﺍ ﺩﻮﺟﻭ 1.77±0.15

1.53±0.14 0.05>

ﻥﺎﻣﺯﺎﺳ ﺭﺩ ﺏﻮﻴﻌﻣ ﻱﺎﻫﺪﻨﻳﺍﺮﻓ ﻥﺩﻮﺑ ﺺﺨﺸﻣ 1.63±0.15

1.5±0.14 0.05>

(7)

(42) 13 ؛1389 ﺖﻣﻼﺳ ﺖﻳﺮﻳﺪﻣ

ﺶﺠﻨﺳ ﻭ ﻱﺯﺎــﺳﺪﻨﺘﺴﻣ ،ﺎﻫﺪﻨﻳﺍﺮﻓ ﺕﺭﺎﭼﻮﻠﻓ ﻦﻳﻭﺪﺗ ﺭﺩ ﺭﺩ ﺮﻴﻴﻐﺗ ﻦﻳﺮﺘﻤﻛ ﻩﻭﺮﮔ ﻭﺩ ﺮﻫ ﺭﺩ. ﺩﻮﺑ ﺎﻫﺪﻨﻳﺍﺮﻓ ﺩﺮــﻜﻠﻤﻋ .ﺖﺳﺍ ﻩﺩﻮﺑ ﻥﺎﻣﺯﺎﺳ ﺏﻮﻴﻌﻣ ﻱﺎﻫﺪﻨﻳﺍﺮﻓ ﻦﻴﻴﻌﺗ ﺮﻴﻴﻐﺗ ﻦﻳﺮﺘﺸﻴﺑ ﻞﻛ ﺭﺩ :ﻥﺎﻣﺯﺎــﺳ ﻲﻠﻛ ﺩﺮﻜﻠﻤﻋ ﻪﻄﻴﺣ ﺖﻳﺮﻳﺪﻣ ﻭ ﻱﺰﻳﺭ ﻪﻣﺎﻧﺮﺑ ،ﻱﺯﺎــﺳﺪﻨﺘﺴﻣ ﺭﺩ ^MEP ﻩﻭﺮﮔ ﺭﺩ ،ﻱﺯﺎﺳ ﺪﻨﺘــﺴﻣ ﺭﺩ ^TQM ﻩﻭﺮﮔ ﺭﺩ ﻭ ﺖﻣﻼــﺳ ﻱﺎﻫ ﻩﺩﺍﺩ ﻚﺒــﺳ ﻲﻠﻛ ﺮﻴﻴﻐﺗ .ﺩﻮﺑ ﻱﺭﻮﺤﻣ ﻱﺮﺘــﺸﻣ ﻭ ﻱﺰــﻳﺭ ﻪﻣﺎﻧﺮﺑ ﻭ ﻩﺪﻴﺳﺭ 4.7 ﻪﺑ 3.7 ﺯﺍ ^MEP ﻩﻭﺮﮔ ﺭﺩ ﻥﺎﻣﺯﺎــﺳ ﺖﻳﺮﻳﺪﻣ ﻩﻭﺮﮔ ﺭﺩ ﻪﻛ ﺖﺳﺍ ﻩﺪﻴﺳﺭ 4.63 ﻪﺑ 3.28 ﺯﺍ ^TQM ﻩﻭﺮﮔ ﺭﺩ .ﺖﺴﻫ ﺭﺍﺩﺎﻨﻌﻣ ﻩﻭﺮﮔ ﻭﺩ ﻦﻴﺑ ﻑﻼﺘﺧﺍ ﻭ ﻩﺩﻮﺑ ﺮﺘﺸﻴﺑ ^TQM ﻲﻧﺎﻣﺯﺎــﺳ ﺩﺮﻜﻠﻤﻋ ﺩﺎﻌﺑﺍ ﻡﺎﻤﺗ ﺭﺩ ﻱﺯﺎــﺳﺪﻨﺘﺴﻣ ﺯﺍ ﺮﻴﻏ ﻪﺑ .ﺖﺳﺍ ﻩﺩﺎﺘﻓﺍ ﻕﺎﻔﺗﺍ ^TQM ﻩﻭﺮﮔ ﺭﺩ ﻱﺮﺘﺸﻴﺑ ﺮﻴﻴﻐﺗ ﺭﺩ ﻥﺎﻣﺯﺎــﺳ ﺭﺩ ﻱﺮﺘــﺸﻣ ﺖﻳﺮﻳﺪﻣ ﻪﻄﻴﺣ ﺎﺑ ﻪﻄﺑﺍﺭ ﺭﺩ ﺩﺭﻮﻣ ﻱﺎﻫﺮﻴﻐﺘﻣ ﺮــﻴﻴﻐﺗ ﺭﺍﺪــﻘﻣ ^MEP ﻭ ^TQM ﻩﻭﺮــﮔ ﻭﺩ ﻥﺎﻨﻛﺭﺎﻛ ﺰﻴﻣﺁ ﻡﺍﺮﺘﺣﺍ ﺩﺭﻮﺧﺮﺑ ﻪﻨﻴﻣﺯ ﺭﺩ ﺐﻴﺗﺮﺗ ﻪﺑ ﺶﺠﻨﺳ ﺭﻮﺤﻣ ﻱﺮﺘــﺸﻣ ﺭﺩ ،1.84 ﻭ 2.17 ﺖﻣﺪﺧ ﻥﺎﮔﺪــﻧﺮﻴﮔ ﺎﺑ ﺕﺍﺮﻈﻧ ﺖﻓﺎﻳﺭﺩ ﻪﻨﻴﻣﺯ ﺭﺩ ﻭ 1.9 ﻭ 2.07 ﻥﺎﻣﺯﺎــﺳ ﻥﺩﻮــﺑ ﻭﺩ ﺭﺩ ﻱﺰﻳﺭ ﻪﻣﺎﻧﺮﺑ ﻪــﻄﻴﺣ ﺭﺩ .ﺩﻮﺑ 1.68 ﻭ 2.5 ﻱﺮﺘــﺸﻣ ﺭﺩ ﺐﻴﺗﺮﺗ ﻪﺑ ﺎﻫﺮﻴﻐﺘﻣ ﺮﻴﻴﻐﺗ ﺭﺍﺪــﻘﻣ ^MEP ﻭ ^TQM ﻩﻭﺮــﮔ ﻦﻳﻭﺪﺗ ﺭﺩ ،1.53 ﻭ 1.49 ﻩﺩﺎﺳ ﻭ ﻑﺎﻔﺷ ﻱﺎﻤﻧﺭﻭﺩ ﻦﻳﻭﺪﺗ ﻖﺒﻃ ﺎﻫﺭﺎﻛ ﻡﺎﺠﻧﺍ ﺭﺩ ،1.5 ﻭ 1.45 ﻥﺎﻣﺯﺎــﺳ ﻱﺎــﻫ ﺵﺯﺭﺍ

1.65 ﻪﻧﺎﻴﻟﺎﺳ ﻪﻣﺎﻧﺮﺑ ﻪﻴﻬﺗ ﺭﺩ ،1.4 ﻭ 1.8 ﻩﺪﺷ ﻪﺘﺷﻮﻧ ﻪﻣﺎﻧﺮﺑ ﻥﺎﻨﻛﺭﺎﻛ ﻂﺳﻮﺗ ﻲﮕﺘﻔﻫ ﻪﻣﺎﻧﺮﺑ ﻦﻳﻭﺪﺗ ﻪﻨﻴﻣﺯ ﺭﺩ ﻭ 1.55 ﻭ ﻪﺘﺷﻮﻧ ﻪﻣﺎﻧﺮﺑ ﻖﺒﻃ ﺎﻫﺭﺎﻛ ﻡﺎﺠﻧﺍ ﻪﻨﻴﻣﺯ ﺭﺩ .ﺩﻮﺑ 0.95 ﻭ 1.3 .ﺖﺷﺍﺩ ﺩﻮﺟﻭ ﺭﺍﺩﺎﻨﻌﻣ ﻑﻼﺘﺧﺍ ﻩﻭﺮﮔ ﻭﺩ ﻦﻴﺑ ﻩﺪﺷ ﻱﺮﻴﮔ ﻪﺠﻴﺘﻧ ﻭ ﺚﺤﺑ ﻪﺟﺍﻮﻣ ﻱﺪﺟ ﻱﺎﻫ ﺶﻟﺎﭼ ﺎﺑ ﺎﻫ ﻥﺎﻣﺯﺎــﺳ ،ﺮﺻﺎﻌﻣ ﻥﺎﻬﺟ ﺭﺩ ﻚﻳﮋﺗﺍﺮﺘﺳﺍ ﻱﺎﻘﺗﺭﺍ ﻱﺍﺮﺑ ﻊﻳﺮﺳ ﺮﻴﻴﻐﺗ ﺭﺩ ﻲﻳﺎﻧﺍﻮﺗ ﻭ ﺪﻨﺘــﺴﻫ ﻱﺍﺮﺑ ﻲﻔﻠﺘﺨﻣ ﻱﺎــﻫﺩﺮﻜﻳﻭﺭ [18].ﺖــﺳﺍ ﻲﺗﺎﻴﺣ ﻥﺎﻣﺯﺎــﺳ ﻪﻛ ﺪﻧﺭﺍﺩ ﺩﻮــﺟﻭ ﺎﻫ ﻥﺎﻣﺯﺎــﺳ ﺭﺩ ﺖﻴﻔﻴﻛ ﮓﻨﻫﺮﻓ ﺭﺍﺮﻘﺘــﺳﺍ ﺰﻳﺎﻤﺗ ﻪﺘﻜﻧ ﻦﻳﺮﺘﻤﻬﻣ .ﺪﻨﺘﺴﻫ ﻪﺑﺎــﺸﻣ ﺎﻫ ﺵﻭﺭ ﻭ ﻝﻮﺻﺍ ﺭﺩ .ﺖــﺳﺍ ﻥﺎــﺴﻧﺍ ﻪﺑ ﻩﮋﻳﻭ ﻪﺟﻮﺗ ،ﺖﻳﺮﻳﺪﻣ ﻦﻳﻮﻧ ﻱﺎﻫﺩﺮﻜﻳﻭﺭ ﻥﺍﻮﺗ ﻲﻣ ﻥﺎــﻨﻛﺭﺎﻛ ﺖﻳﺎﺿﺭ ﻭ ﺕﺭﺎــﻬﻣ ،ﺶﻧﺍﺩ ﻱﺎــﻘﺗﺭﺍ ﺎﺑ ﻪﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣ ﺎﺑ ﻱﺮﻳﺍﺯ .ﺩﺍﺩ ﺭﺍﺮﻗ ﺖﻓﺮﺸﻴﭘ ﺮﻴﺴﻣ ﺭﺩ ﺍﺭ ﺎﻫ ﻥﺎﻣﺯﺎــﺳ ﺮﻴﻈﻧ ﻲﻧﺎﻬﺟ ﺖﻴﻔﻴﻛ ﺰﻳﺍﻮﺟ ﻥﺎﮔﺪﻧﺮﺑ ﻪﻛ ﻲﻳﺎﻫ ﻥﺎﻣﺯﺎﺳ ﻂﻳﺍﺮﺷ ﺐﺴﻛ ﻉﻭﺮــﺷ ﻪﻄﻘﻧ ﻪﻛ ﺖﻓﺎﻳﺭﺩ ،ﺪﻧﺩﻮﺑ ... ﻭ ﺞﻳﺭﺪﻟﺎﺑ ،ﻭﺰﻳﺍ ﺭﺩ ﺖﻴﻔﻴﻛ ﺎﺑ ﻭ ﺏﻮــﻠﻄﻣ ﺩﺮﻜﻠﻤﻋ ﻪﺑ ﻥﺪﻴــﺳﺭ ﻭ ﺖــﻴﻘﻓﻮﻣ [19].ﺪﺷﺎﺑ ﻲﻣ ﻥﺎﻣﺯﺎﺳ ﺭﺩ ﻱﺮﺒﻫﺭ ﻩﺎﮔﺪﻳﺩ ﻪﻌــﺳﻮﺗ ﻥﺎﻣﺯﺎﺳ ﺶﻘﻧ ﻪﻛ ﺪﺷ ﺺﺨﺸﻣ 1948 ﻝﺎﺳ ﺭﺩ ﻞﻴﮔﺩﻮﺘﺳﺍ ﻪﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣ ﺭﺩ

ﻥﺎﻣﺯﺎﺳ ﻲﻠﻛ ﺩﺮﻜﻠﻤﻋ ﻪﻄﻴﺣ ﺭﺩ ﻪﻠﺧﺍﺪﻣ ﺯﺍ ﺪﻌﺑ ﻝﺎﺳ ﺞﻨﭘ ﻭ ﻞﺒﻗ ﻪﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣ ﺩﺭﻮﻣ ﻱﺎﻫﺮﻴﻐﺘﻣ ﺮﻴﻴﻐﺗ ﺭﺍﺪﻘﻣ ﻪﺴﻳﺎﻘﻣ :5 ﻝﻭﺪﺟ

ﻲﻠﻛ ﺩﺮﻜﻠﻤﻋ ﺩﺎﻌﺑﺍ ﻥﺎﻣﺯﺎﺳ MEP ﻩﻭﺮﮔ

ﺶﻴﭘ ﻝﺎﺳ ﺞﻨﭘ ﻲﺳﺭﺮﺑ ﻥﺎﻣﺯ

ﺮﻴﻴﻐﺗ ﺭﺍﺪﻘﻣ ﺶﻴﭘ ﻝﺎﺳ ﺞﻨﭘ

ﻲﺳﺭﺮﺑ ﻥﺎﻣﺯ ﺮﻴﻴﻐﺗ ﺭﺍﺪﻘﻣ

1 ﻱﺮﺒﻫﺭ 0.1±3.19

0.13±4.19 0.1±1.03

0.32±3.9 0.38±4.74

0.14±0.7

>0.05

2 ﻱﺰﻳﺭ ﻪﻣﺎﻧﺮﺑ 0.14±3.5

0.17±5.23 0.13±1.76

0.28±4.13 0.32±4.77

0.13±1.13 0.001

3 ﻱﺭﻮﺤﻣ ﻱﺮﺘﺸﻣ 0.13±3.9

0.14±5.37 0.13±1.48

0.3±3.52 0.36±4.65

0.15±1 0.015

4 ﺕﺎﻋﻼﻃﺍ ﺖﻳﺮﻳﺪﻣ 0.11±2.9

0.14±4.2 0.11±1.32

0.3±3.60 0.34±4.43

0.15±1.05

>0.05

5 ﻲﻧﺎﺴﻧﺍ ﻱﻭﺮﻴﻧ ﻪﻌﺳﻮﺗ 0.12±3.4

0.14±4.86 0.12±1.46

0.32±3.72 0.36±4.88

0.15±0.92 0.006

6 ﺎﻫﺪﻨﻳﺍﺮﻓ ﺖﻳﺮﻳﺪﻣ 0.13±3.02

0.16±4.16 0.13±1.17

0.32±4.65 0.34±5.90

0.2±1

>0.05

ﻱﺯﺎﺳﺪﻨﺘﺴﻣ 3.47±0.16

5.15±0.2 2.08±0.17

3.98±1.2 5.03±0.4

2.65±0.56

>0.05

7 ﺖﻳﺮﻳﺪﻣ ﻚﺒﺳ ﺮﻴﻴﻐﺗ 3.28±0.1

4.63±0.13 1.37±0.1

3.7±0.26 4.7±0.3

1.02±0.14 0.047

1 = Leadership 2=Planning 3=Customer Management(CM) 4=Health Information System(HIS) 5=Human Resource Development(HRD) 6=Process Management(PM) 7=Management Style Score(MSS)

(8)

(42) 13 ؛1389 ﺖﻣﻼﺳ ﺖﻳﺮﻳﺪﻣ

ﻖﻓﻮﻣ ﺩﺮﻜﻠﻤﻋ ﺭﺩ ﻲــﺳﺎﺳﺍ ﻞﻣﺍﻮﻋ ﺯﺍ ﻥﺎﻣﺯﺎــﺳ ﺭﺩ ﻱﺮﺒﻫﺭ ﺩﺎﺠﻳﺍ ،ﻞﺻﺍ ﺭﺩ ﻱﺮﺒﻫﺭ [20].ﺪــﺷﺎﺑ ﻲﻣ ﺎﻫ ﻥﺎﻣﺯﺎــﺳ ﻭ ﺩﺍﺮﻓﺍ .ﺪﻳﺎﻤﻧ ﻲﻣ ﻝﺎﺒﻧﺩ ﺍﺭ ﻥﺎﻨﻛﺭﺎﻛ ﺭﺩ ﻲﻧﻭﺭﺩ ﺖﻳﺎﺿﺭ ﻭ ﻲﮕﺘﺴﺒﻟﺩ ﺰــﺟ ﻪــﺑ ﻲﺑﺎﻴــﺷﺯﺭﺍ ﻲــﻠﺻﺍ ﻱﺎــﻫ ﻪﻄﻴﺣ ﻡﺎــﻤﺗ ﺭﺩ ﺭﺩ ﻥﺎﻣﺯﺎــﺳ ﺖﻳﺮﻳﺪﻣ ﺩﺮﻜﻳﻭﺭ ﺮﻴﻴﻐﺗ ﻥﺍﺰﻴﻣ ،ﻱﺯﺎــﺳ ﺪﻨﺘﺴﻣ ﺖﻴﻔﻴﻛ ﺖﻳﺮﻳﺪﻣ ﻩﻭﺮﮔ ﺭﺩ ﻱﺭﺎﺟ ﺖﻴﻌﺿﻭ ﻱﺎﻘﺗﺭﺍ ﺖــﻬﺟ ﺭﺩ .ﺩﻮﺑ ﺖﻳﺮﻳﺪﻣ ﺶــﺨﺑﺮﺛﺍ ﻪﻣﺎﻧﺮﺑ ﻩﻭﺮﮔ ﺯﺍ ﺮﺘــﺸﻴﺑ ﻊﻣﺎﺟ ﻱﻭﺮﻴﻧ ﻪﻌــﺳﻮﺗ ،ﻱﺭﻮﺤﻣ ﻱﺮﺘــﺸﻣ ،ﻱﺰﻳﺭ ﻪﻣﺎﻧﺮﺑ ﺩﺭﺍﻮــﻣ ﻪﻣﺎﻧﺮﺑ ﺭﺩ ﻱﺯﺎﺳ ﺪﻨﺘﺴﻣ .ﺩﻮﺑ ﺭﺍﺩﺎﻨﻌﻣ ﻑﻼﺘﺧﺍ ﻦﻳﺍ ﻲﻧﺎــﺴﻧﺍ ﻪﻄﻘﻧ ﻦﻳﺮﺘﻤﻬﻣ .ﺩﻮﺑ ﺭﺍﺩﺭﻮــﺧﺮﺑ ﻱﺍ ﻩﮋﻳﻭ ﻩﺎﮕﻳﺎﺟ ﺯﺍ ^MEP ﺮﺑ ﻲﻨﺘﺒﻣ ﻩﺯﺎﺗ ﻱﺎﻫ ﺶﻘﻧ ﻒــﻳﺮﻌﺗ ﻥﺍﻮﺗ ﻲﻣ ﺍﺭ ^MEP ﺕﻮﻗ ﺪﻬﻌﺗ ﻭ ﻙﺮﺘــﺸﻣ ﺖﻴﻟﻮﺌــﺴﻣ ﻪﺑ ﻪﺟﻮﺗ ﻭ ﺖﻴﻔﻴﻛ ﺖﻳﺮﻳﺪﻣ ﻒﻌﺿ ﻪﻄﻘﻧ ﻦﻳﺮﺘﻤﻬﻣ ﻪﺘﺒﻟﺍ ﻭ ﺖﺴﻧﺍﺩ ﻥﺎﻣﺯﺎﺳ ﺪﺷﺭﺍ ﺮﻳﺪﻣ ﻭ ﺩﻮﺑ ﺐﺳﺎﻨﻣ ﻱﺮﺒﻫﺭ ﻪﻔــﺴﻠﻓ ﻪﺑ ﻲﻓﺎﻛ ﻱﺎﻜﺗﺍ ﻡﺪﻋ ﺰﻴﻧ ﻥﺁ ﻩﺩﺍﺩ ﺎﻬﺑ ﺮﻴﻴﻐﺗ ﻪﻔــﺴﻠﻓ ﺯﺍ ﺮﺘــﺸﻴﺑ ﺎﻫﺩﺮﻜﻳﻭﺭ ﻭ ﺎﻫ ﺵﻭﺭ ﻪﺑ ﻱﺎﻫﺪﺣﺍﻭ ﺢﻄﺳ ﺭﺩ ﻪﻛ ﻊﻣﺎﺟ ﺖﻴﻔﻴﻛ ﺖﻳﺮﻳﺪﻣ ﺭﺩ .ﺖــﺳﺍ ﻥﺍﻮﺗ ﻲﻣ ﺍﺭ ﻒــﻌﺿ ﻪﻄﻘﻧ ﻦﻳﺮﺘﻤﻬﻣ ،ﺪــﺷ ﺍﺮﺟﺍ ﻩﺎﮕــﺸﻧﺍﺩ ﻦﺘﺷﺍﺪﻧ ﺰﻴﻧ ﻭ ﺖﻴﻔﻴﻛ ﺖﻳﺮﻳﺪﻣ ﺭﺍﺮﻘﺘــﺳﺍ ﺩﺮﻜﻳﻭﺭ ﻦﺘﺷﺍﺪﻧ .ﺖﺴﻧﺍﺩ ﺪﺷﺭﺍ ﺮﻳﺪﻣ ﻦﺘﺧﺎﺳ ﺮﻴﮔﺭﺩ ﻪﻣﺎﻧﺮﺑ ﺖﻳﺮﻳﺪﻣ ﻦﻴﺑ ﻪﻛ ﺪﻨﻫﺩ ﻲﻣ ﻥﺎــﺸﻧ ﺱﺮﺘــﺳﺩ ﺭﺩ ﻊﺑﺎﻨﻣ

،21].ﺩﺭﺍﺩ ﺩﻮﺟﻭ ﻁﺎﺒﺗﺭﺍ ،ﻥﺎــﻨﻛﺭﺎﻛ ﺪﻬﻌﺗ ﻭ ﻊﻣﺎﺟ ﺖﻴﻔﻴﻛ ﻪﺑ ﻲﺑﺎﻴﺘــﺳﺩ ﺭﺩ ﺍﺭ ﻥﺎﻣﺯﺎــﺳ ،ﻊﻣﺎﺟ ﺖﻴﻔﻴﻛ ﺖﻳﺮﻳﺪﻣ [22 ﻥﺎﻨﻛﺭﺎﻛ ﻭ ﻱﺮﺘﺸﻣ ﻱﺎﻫﺯﺎﻴﻧ ﻦﻴﻣﺄﺗ ﻭ ﻚﻳﮋﺗﺍﺮﺘــﺳﺍ ﻑﺍﺪﻫﺍ ﻱﺎﻫ ﺶﻟﺎﭼ ﺎــﺑ ﻪﻬﺟﺍﻮﻣ ﺭﺩ ﺍﺭ ﻥﺎﻣﺯﺎــﺳ ﻭ ﻩﺩﻮــﻤﻧ ﻱﺭﺎــﻳ ﺯﺍ ﻪﻛ ﻲﻳﺎﻫ ﻥﺎﻣﺯﺎــﺳ [23،24].ﺩﺯﺎــﺳ ﻲﻣ ﺪﻨﻤﻧﺍﻮﺗ ﻱﻭﺭﺍﺮﻓ ﻱﺮﺘﻬﺑ ﻲﻳﺍﺭﺎﻛ ﺪــﻨﻨﻛ ﻲﻣ ﻩﺩﺎﻔﺘــﺳﺍ ﺖﻴﻔﻴﻛ ﻊﻣﺎﺟ ﺖﻳﺮﻳﺪﻣ ﻭ ﻱﺮﺘــﺸﻣ ﻪﺑ ﻪﺟﻮﺗ،ﻚﻳﮋﺗﺍﺮﺘــﺳﺍ ﻱﺰﻳﺭ ﻪﻣﺎﻧﺮﺑ،ﻱﺮﺒﻫﺭ ﺭﺩ ﺖﻳﺮﻳﺪﻣ،ﻲﻧﺎــﺴﻧﺍ ﻊﺑﺎﻨﻣ ﻪﺑ ﻪﺟﻮﺗ،ﻞﻴﻠﺤﺗﻭ ﺕﺎﻋﻼﻃﺍ،ﺭﺍﺯﺎﺑ ﻂﺒﺗﺮﻣ ﻱﺎﻫ ﻞﻴﻠﺤﺗ ﺭﺩ [25].ﺪــﻧﺭﺍﺩ ﻱﺭﺎﻛ ﺞﻳﺎﺘﻧ ﻭ ﺪــﻨﻳﺍﺮﻓ ﻥﺎﺘــﺳﺍ ﺖﻣﻼــﺳ ﻡﺎﻈﻧ ﺭﺩ ﻥﺁ ﻝﻮﺻﺍ ﻭ ^TQM ﺖﻴﻘﻓﻮﻣ ﺎﺑ ﻦﻳﺮﺘــﺸﻴﺑ ﻥﺎﻨﻛﺭﺎﻛ ﺮﺑ ﺪﻴﻛﺄﺗ ﻭ ﺪﻨﻳﺍﺮﻓ ﺖــﻳﺮﻳﺪﻣ ﻥﺎــﻬﻔﺻﺍ ﻥﺎﮔﺪﻨﻨﻛﺪﻴﻟﻮﺗ ﻭ ﻱﺩﺎــﻣ ﻊﺑﺎﻨﻣ ﺮﺑ ﺪﻴﻛﺄﺗ ﻭ ﻪﺘــﺷﺍﺩ ﺍﺭ ﺮﻴﺛﺄﺗ ﻭ ﻱﺭﺎﺘﺧﺎــﺳ ﻞﺋﺎــﺴﻣ،ﻲﻧﺎﺴﻧﺍ ﻊﺑﺎﻨﻣ ﻭ.ﺩﺭﺍﺩ ﻱﺮﺘﻤﻛ ﺮــﻴﺛﺄﺗ ﻱﺎﻫ ﺖﻳﺩﻭﺪﺤﻣ ﻭ ﻊﻧﺍﻮﻣ ﻦﻳﺮﺘﻤﻬﻣ ﺐﻴﺗﺮﺗ ﻪﺑ ﻚﻳﮋﺗﺍﺮﺘــﺳﺍ ﺎﺑ ﻪﻄﺑﺍﺭ ﺭﺩ [26].ﺪﻧﺪــﺷ ﺏﻮــﺴﺤﻣ ^TQM ﻖﻓﻮﻣ ﻱﺍﺮﺟﺍ ﺖﺷﺍﺪﻬﺑ ﻲﻧﺎﻬﺟ ﻥﺎﻣﺯﺎﺳ ﺖﻳﺮﻳﺪﻣ ﻲــﺸﺨﺑﺮﺛﺍ ﻪﻣﺎﻧﺮﺑ ﺮﻴﺛﺄﺗ ﺩﺮﻜﻳﻭﺭ ﻭﺩ .ﺖــﺳﺍ ﻩﺪﺸﻧ ﺮــﺸﺘﻨﻣ ﻲﻘﻴﻘﺤﺗ ﺕﻻﺎﻘﻣ ﺯﻮﻨﻫ ﺭﺎﺘﺧﺎــﺳ ﻭ ﺭﺎﻛ ﻱﺍﺮﺟﺍ ﻞﺣﺍﺮﻣ ﺯﺍ ﺮﻴﻏ ﻪــﺑ ^MEP ﻭ ^TQM

ﻥﺎﻣﺯﺎﺳ ﻲﻠﻛ ﺩﺮﻜﻠﻤﻋ ﻪﻄﻴﺣ ﺭﺩ ﻪﻠﺧﺍﺪﻣ ﺯﺍ ﺪﻌﺑ ﻝﺎﺳ ﺞﻨﭘ ﻭ ﻞﺒﻗ ﻪﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣ ﺩﺭﻮﻣ ﻱﺎﻫﺮﻴﻐﺘﻣ ﺮﻴﻴﻐﺗ ﺭﺍﺪﻘﻣ ﻪﺴﻳﺎﻘﻣ :1 ﺭﺍﺩﻮﻤﻧ

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(42) 13 ؛1389 ﺖﻣﻼﺳ ﺖﻳﺮﻳﺪﻣ

ﺎﺑ ًﻼﻣﺎﻛ ﻝﻮﺻﺍ ﻭ ﺎﻫﺭﺍﺰﺑﺍ ،ﺎــﻫ ﺵﻭﺭ ﺐﻠﻏﺍ ﺭﺩ ﻲﺻﺎﺼﺘﺧﺍ ﺭﺩ ﻒﻠﺘﺨﻣ ﻡﺎــﻧ ﻭﺩ ﺎﺑ ﻥﺎﻨﻛﺭﺎﻛ ﻲﺘﻗﻭ .ﺪــﻧﺩﻮﺑ ﻪﺑﺎــﺸﻣ ﻢﻫ ﻲﮕﻗﻼﻋ ﻲﺑ ﻭ ﻲﮕﺘﺴﺧ ﻉﻮﻧ ﻚﻳ ،ﺪﻧﻮﺷ ﻲﻣ ﻪﺟﺍﻮﻣ ﻥﺎﻣﺯﺎﺳ ﺪﻨﻣﺩﻮﺳ ﻱﺎﻫﺭﺍﺰﺑﺍ ﺖــﺳﺍ ﻡﺯﻻ .ﺩﻮــﺷ ﻲﻣ ﺭﺍﺪﻳﺪﭘ ﺎﻫ ﻥﺁ ﺭﺩ ﻩﺪﺷ ﻡﺎﻏﺩﺍ ﻥﺎﻣﺯﺎــﺳ ﺐﻟﺎﻏ ﺩﺮﻜﻳﻭﺭ ﺭﺩ ﺮﮕﻳﺩ ﻱﺎﻫﺩﺮﻜﻳﻭﺭ .ﺪﻧﻮــﺷ ﻩﺩﺍﺩ ﻪﻣﺍﺩﺍ ﺺﺨــﺸﻣ ﻝﻮﺻﺍ ﻦﺘﻓﺮﮔ ﻪﻧﺎــﺸﻧ ﺎــﺑ ﻭ ﺭﺩ ﺖﻴﻔﻴﻛ ﺖﻳﺮﻳﺪﻣ ﺭﺍﺮﻘﺘــﺳﺍ ﻱﺍﺮﺑ ﻲﻔﻠﺘﺨﻣ ﻱﺎﻫﺩﺮﻜﻳﻭﺭ ﺎﻫﺩﺮﻜﻳﻭﺭ ﻦﻳﺍ ﺐﻠﻏﺍ .ﺩﺭﺍﺩ ﺩﻮﺟﻭ ﺖﻣﻼــﺳ ﻱﺎﻫ ﻥﺎﻣﺯﺎﺳ ﺰﺋﺎﺣ ﻪﺘﻜﻧ .ﺪﻨﻨﻛ ﻲﻣ ﻩﺩﺎﻔﺘﺳﺍ ﻪﺑﺎﺸﻣ ﻱﺎﻫﺭﺍﺰﺑﺍ ﻭ ﺎﻫ ﺵﻭﺭ ﺯﺍ ﻭ ﻝﻮﺻﺍ ،ﺎﻫ ﺵﻭﺭ ﻥﺎﻣﺯﺎﺳ ﻚﻳ ﺭﺩ ﻪﻛ ﺖــﺳﺍ ﻦﻳﺍ ﺖﻴﻤﻫﺍ ﻥﺎﻨﻛﺭﺎﻛ ﻭ ﻩﺪﺷ ﻪﺋﺍﺭﺍ ﻊﻣﺎﺟ ﺩﺮﻜﻳﻭﺭ ﻚﻳ ﻡﺎﻧ ﺖﺤﺗ ﺎﻫﺭﺍﺰﺑﺍ .ﺪﻨﻫﺩ ﻪﻣﺍﺩﺍ ﻊﻣﺎﺟ ﺩﺮﻜﻳﻭﺭ ﻚﻳ ﺎﺑ ﺍﺭ ﻥﺎﻣﺯﺎﺳ ﮓﻨﻫﺮﻓ ﺮﻴﻴﻐﺗ ﻥﺎــﺸﻧ ﺖﻣﻭﺎﻘﻣ ﻉﻮﻨﺘﻣ ﻭ ﺩﺪﻌﺘﻣ ﻱﺎﻫ ﻩﺍﺭ ﺮﺑﺍﺮﺑ ﺭﺩ ﻥﺎﻨﻛﺭﺎﻛ ﺯﺍ ﺎﻫﺩﺮﻜﻳﻭﺭ ﻊﻳﺮــﺳ ﺕﺍﺮﻴﻴﻐﺗ ﺮﮕﻳﺩ ﻑﺮﻃ ﺯﺍ ﻭ ﺪــﻨﻫﺩ ﻲﻣ ﻪﻣﺎﻧﺮﺑ ﻦﺘﺷﺍﺪﻧ ﻭ ﻥﺎﻣﺯﺎــﺳ ﺪــﺷﺭﺍ ﺖﻳﺮﻳﺪﻣ ﺪﻬﻌﺗ ﻒﻌﺿ ﺖﻴﻔﻴﻛ ﮓﻨﻫﺮﻓ ﺭﺍﺮﻘﺘﺳﺍ ﻱﺍﺮﺑ .ﺪﻨﻛ ﻲﻣ ﺖﻳﺎﻜﺣ ﻚﻳﮋﺗﺍﺮﺘﺳﺍ ﻲﻨﻫﺫ ﻝﺪﻣ ﺮﻴﻴﻐﺗ ﻭ ﺖﻴﻔﻴﻛ ﻪﻔﺴﻠﻓ ﺵﺮﻳﺬﭘ ﻥﺎﻣﺯﺎﺳ ﻚﻳ ﺭﺩ ﻚﻳ ﻲﻨﻫﺫ ﻝﺪﻣ ﺮﻴﻴﻐﺗ .ﺩﻭﺭ ﻲﻣ ﺭﺎﻤﺷ ﻪﺑ ﺮﻴﻴﻐﺗ ﺱﺎﺳﺍ ﻭ ﻪﻳﺎﭘ ﻥﺎﻣﺯﺎﺳ ﺭﺩ ﺪﻳﺎﺑ ﻪﻛ ﺖﺳﺍ ﻱﺩﺮﻓ ﻱﺎﻘﺗﺭﺍ ﻭ ﻱﺯﺎﺳﺩﻮﺧ ﺭﺎﻛ ﻱﺎﺘــﺳﺍﺭ ﺭﺩ ﻲﻧﺎﻣﺯﺎــﺳ ﮓﻨﻫﺮﻓ ﺮﻴﻴﻐﺗ ﻱﺍﺮﺑ .ﺪﺘﻔﻴﺑ ﻕﺎــﻔﺗﺍ ﺍﺭ ءﺎﻘﺗﺭﺍ ﻩﺩﺎﺳ ﻭ ﻥﺎــﺳﺁ ﺵﻭﺭ ﻚﻳ ﺪﻳﺎﺑ ،ﺖﻴﻔﻴﻛ ﺖﻳﺮﻳﺪﻣ .ﻢﻴﻫﺩ ﻪﺑ ﺵﺯﻮﻣﺁ ﻥﺎﻣﺯﺎﺳ ﺭﺩ ﻡﺯﻻ ﺩﻮﺧ ﺮﺑ ﻪﻟﺎﻘﻣ ﻥﺎﮔﺪﻨــﺴﻳﻮﻧ :ﻲﻧﺍﺩﺭﺪﻗ ﻭ ﺮﻜــﺸﺗ ﻥﺎﺘــﺳﺍ ﺖــﺷﺍﺪﻬﺑ ﺰﻛﺮﻣ ﻥﺎﻨﻛﺭﺎﻛ ﻭ ﻥﺍﺮﻳﺪﻣ ﺯﺍ ﻪﻛ ﺪﻨﻧﺍﺩ ﻲﻣ ،ﻲﻜﺷﺰﭘ ﻱﺎﻫ ﻩﺪﻜﺸﻧﺍﺩ ،ﻭﺭﺍﺩ ﺖﻧﻭﺎﻌﻣ ﻭ ﻲﻗﺮﺷ ﻥﺎﺠﻳﺎﺑﺭﺫﺁ ﻲﺷﺯﻮﻣﺁ ﺰﻛﺍﺮﻣ ،ﻱﺭﺎﺘــﺳﺮﭘ ﻭ ﻲﻜﺷﺰﭘﺍﺮﻴﭘ ،ﻲﻜــﺷﺰﭙﻧﺍﺪﻧﺩ ﻭ ﻲﻨﻴﻤﺧ ﻡﺎﻣﺍ ﻭ ﻱﺯﺍﺭ ،ﻥﺎﻛﺩﻮــﻛ ،ﺎﻨﻴــﺳ ،ﺍﺮﻫﺰﻟﺍ ﻲــﻧﺎﻣﺭﺩ ﻦﻳﺍ ﻡﺎﺠﻧﺍ ﺭﺩ ﻱﺭﺎﻜﻤﻫ ﺮﻃﺎﺧ ﻪﺑ ﻥﺎﺘﺳﺍ ﻱﺰﻛﺮﻣ ﻩﺎﮕﺸﻳﺎﻣﺯﺁ ﻱﺭﻮﺸﻛ ﺰﻛﺮﻣ ﺯﺍ ﻦﻴﻨﭽﻤﻫ .ﺪﻨﻳﺎﻤﻧ ﺮﻜﺸﺗ ﻭ ﺮﻳﺪﻘﺗ ﻪﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣ ﻡﺎﺠﻧﺍ ﺭﺩ ﻎﻳﺭﺩ ﻲﺑ ﻱﺎﻫ ﻚﻤﻛ ﺮﻃﺎﺧ ﻪﺑ ﺖﻣﻼــﺳ ﺖﻳﺮﻳﺪﻣ .ﺩﻮﺷ ﻲﻣ ﻲﻧﺍﺩﺭﺪﻗ ﻖﻴﻘﺤﺗ ﻦﻳﺍ ﺶﺨﺑ ﺯﺍ ﻩژﻭﺮــﭘ ﺯﺍ ﻲﺘﻤــﺴﻗ ﻥﺍﻮﻨﻋ ﻪﺑ ﻪــﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣ ﻦــﻳﺍ ﻡﻮﻠﻋ ﻩﺎﮕــﺸﻧﺍﺩ ﺭﺩ ﻲﻧﺎﻬﺟ ﺖــﺷﺍﺪﻬﺑ ﻥﺎﻣﺯﺎــﺳ ﺖﻳﺮﻳﺪﻣ ﻁﺎﺒﺗﺭﺍ ﻩﺭﺍﺩﺍ 41/34 ﻩﺭﺎﻤﺷ ﻲﺗﺎﻘﻴﻘﺤﺗ ﺡﺮﻃ ﺰﻳﺮﺒﺗ ﻲﻜﺷﺰﭘ .ﺪﺷ ﺍﺮﺟﺍ ﺰﻳﺮﺒﺗ ﻩﺎﮕﺸﻧﺍﺩ ﺖﻌﻨﺻ ﺎﺑ

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Journal of Health Administration 2011; 13 (42)

Improving of Health Facilities Management

Farahbakhsh M.¹ / Nikniaz A.R.² / Tajaddini N.³ / Entezar S.⁴ / Hasanzade A.R.⁵

Introduction: Quality management through human resource active participation play a key role to pass over the limited resources, demographic and epidemiologic changes, globalization and advanced technologies challenges in health systems. Different approaches are used to improve services quality in health systems. This study was aimed to compare two human resources empowerment approaches in Eastern Azerbaijan.

Methods: In this analytic study we review two groups: for TQM group 6 hospitals, 3 colleges, and 2 policies making offices; and for MEP group were 2 hospitals, 1 college and 1 policy making office. Both groups start with quality principles. After two years MEP group continued with MEP;

but other group continued in previous approach. The change in management style from staff views in comparison of 5 years ago were studied with specific questionnaire, by 10 points scores. Data analyzed by SPSS 16 software, and are presented as means and changes for a 5 year interval.

Results: There were improved leadership scores 0.7 and 1.03 units respectively in MEP and TQM groups. These figures in planning were 1.12, and 1.76, in Costumer Management (CM) 1 and 1.48, in Human Resource Management (HRM) 0.9 and 1.46, in information management 1.05 and 1.32, in process management 1 and 1.36 respectively. The differences in HRM, planning and CM are statistically significant.

Discussion: Using one innovative and uniform approach is better than various methods.

Keywords: TQM, MEP, Health System

Director of PHC data management group, East Azerbaijan province Health Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences; Corresponding 1.

author ([email protected])

Abstract

● Received: 21/Oct/2009 ● Modified: 28/Agu/2010 ● Accepted: 21/Sep/2010