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(42) 13 ؛1389 ﺖﻣﻼﺳ ﺖﻳﺮﻳﺪﻣ

(1388) ﻥﺎﻬﻔﺻﺍ ﺮﻬﺷ ﺐﺨﺘﻨﻣ ﻱﺎﻫ ﻥﺎﺘﺳﺭﺎﻤﻴﺑ ﻥﺎﻨﻛﺭﺎﻛ ﺭﺩ

4ﺖﺨﺑ ﻚﻴﻧ ﻡﺮﻛﺍ / ³ﻱﺩﺍﻮﺟ ﻪﻴﺿﺮﻣ / ²ﻲﻤﻳﺮﻛ ﺪﻴﻌﺳ / ¹ﻲﺑﻮﻘﻌﻳ ﻢﻳﺮﻣ

ﻩﺪﻴﻜﭼ ﻪﻄﺑﺍﺭ ﻲﺳﺭﺮﺑ ﻑﺪﻫ ﺎﺑ ﻖﻴﻘﺤﺗ ﻦﻳﺍ ﻭ ؛ﻩﺪﻣﺁﺩﻮﺟﻭ ﻪﺑ ﻩﺪﻧﺮﻴﮔﺩﺎﻳ ﻱﺎﻫ ﻥﺎﻣﺯﺎﺳ ﺪﻨﻧﺎﻣ ﻥﺎﻣﺯﺎﺳ ﺯﺍ ﻱﺪﻳﺪﺟ ﻱﺎﻫ ﻞﻜــﺷ ﻩﺯﻭﺮﻣﺍ :ﻪﻣﺪﻘﻣ ﻡﻮﻠﻋ ﻩﺎﮕــﺸﻧﺍﺩ ﺐﺨﺘﻨﻣ ﻱﺎﻫ ﻥﺎﺘــﺳﺭﺎﻤﻴﺑ ﻥﺎﻨﻛﺭﺎﻛ ﻦﻴﺑﺭﺩ ﻲﻧﺎﻣﺯﺎــﺳ ﻱﺮﻴﮔﺩﺎﻳ ﻱﺎﻫ ﻪﻔﻟﺆﻣ ﺖــﺴﺑﺭﺎﻛ ﻥﺍﺰﻴﻣ ﻭ ﺶﻧﺍﺩ ﺖﻳﺮﻳﺪﻣ ﻦﻴﺑ .ﺪﺷﺍﺮﺟﺍ ﻥﺎﻬﻔﺻﺍ ﻲﻜﺷﺰﭘ ؛ﻥﺎﻬﻔﺻﺍ ﺮﻬﺷ ﺐﺨﺘﻨﻣ ﻱﺎﻫ ﻥﺎﺘﺳﺭﺎﻤﻴﺑ ﻥﺎﻨﻛﺭﺎﻛ ﻞﻣﺎﺷ ﺶﻫﻭﮋﭘ ﻱ ﻪﻌﻣﺎﺟﺯﺍ ﻲﮕﺘﺴﺒﻤﻫ - ﻲﻔﻴﺻﻮﺗ ﻖﻴﻘﺤﺗ ﻦﻳﺍﺭﺩ :ﻲﺳﺭﺮﺑ ﺵﻭﺭ ﻭ ﻲﻧﺎﻣﺯﺎــﺳ ﻱﺮﻴﮔﺩﺎﻳ ﻱﺎﻫ ﻪﻣﺎﻨــﺸﺳﺮﭘ ﺎﻫ ﻩﺩﺍﺩ ﻱﺭﻭﺁ ﻊﻤﺟ ﺭﺍﺰﺑﺍ .ﺪــﺷ ﻪﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣ ﻱﺍ ﻪﻘﺒﻃ ﻲﻓﺩﺎﺼﺗ ﻱﺮﻴﮔ ﻪﻧﻮﻤﻧ ﺵﻭﺭ ﺎﺑ ﺮــﻔﻧ 190 .ﺪﺷ ﻩﺩﺎﻔﺘﺳﺍ ^SPSS ﺭﺍﺰﻓﺍ ﻡﺮﻧ ﻚﻤﻛ ﻪﺑ ﻲﻃﺎﺒﻨﺘﺳﺍ ﻭ ﻲﻔﻴﺻﻮﺗ ﺭﺎﻣﺁ ﺯﺍ ﺎﻫ ﻩﺩﺍﺩ ﻞﻴﻠﺤﺗ ﻱﺍﺮﺑ ﻭ ،ﺖﺳﺍ ﺶﻧﺍﺩ ﺖﻳﺮﻳﺪﻣ ﺶﻧﺍﺩ ﺖﻳﺮﻳﺪﻣ ﻱ ﻩﺮﻤﻧ ﺭﺎﻴﻌﻣ ﻑﺍﺮﺤﻧﺍ ﻭ ﻦﻴﮕﻧﺎﻴﻣ ﻭ ؛ 22.7 ﻭ 38.2 ﻲﻧﺎﻣﺯﺎﺳ ﻱﺮﻴﮔﺩﺎﻳ ﻱ ﻩﺮﻤﻧ ﺭﺎﻴﻌﻣ ﻑﺍﺮﺤﻧﺍ ﻭ ﻦﻴﮕﻧﺎﻴﻣ :ﺎﻫ ﻪﺘﻓﺎﻳ .ﺩﺭﺍﺩ ﺩﻮﺟﻭ ﻱﺭﺍﺩ ﺎﻨﻌﻣ ﻪﻄﺑﺍﺭ ﻥﺎﻨﻛﺭﺎﻛ ﺶﻧﺍﺩ ﺖﻳﺮﻳﺪﻣ ﻭ ﻲﻧﺎﻣﺯﺎﺳ ﻱﺮﻴﮔﺩﺎﻳ ﻥﺍﺰﻴﻣ ﻦﻴﺑ .ﺖﺳﺍ 20.1 ﻭ 39.9 ﻥﺎﻨﻛﺭﺎﻛ ﻦﻴﺑ ﺭﺩ ﺭﺩ ﻊﻳﺮﺳ ﺭﺎﻴﺴﺑ ﺕﺍﺮﻴﻴﻐﺗ ﺪﻫﺎــﺷ ﻭ ،ﺖــﺳﺍ ﻒﻴﻌﺿ ﻥﺎﻨﻛﺭﺎﻛ ﺭﺩ ﺶﻧﺍﺩ ﺖﻳﺮﻳﺪﻣ ﻭ ﻲﻧﺎﻣﺯﺎــﺳ ﻱﺮﻴﮔﺩﺎﻳ ﻩﺮﻤﻧ ﻥﻮﭼ :ﻱﺮﻴﮔ ﻪﺠﻴﺘﻧ ﻭ ﻱﺮﻴﮔﺩﺎﻳ ﺩﺎﺠﻳﺍ ﺖﻬﺟﺭ ﺩ ﻲﻳﺎﻫ ﻪﻣﺎﻧﺮﺑ ﻲﺘﺴﻳﺎﺑ ﻪﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣ ﺩﺭﻮﻣ ﻱ ﺎﻫ ﻥﺎﺘﺳﺭﺎﻤﻴﺑ ﻥﺍﺮﻳﺪﻣ ،ﻢﻴﺘﺴﻫ ﻱﺭﻭﺎﻨﻓ ﻭ ﻢﻠﻋ ﻒﻠﺘﺨﻣ ﻱﺎﻫ ﻩﺯﻮﺣ .ﺪﻨﺷﺎﺑ ﻪﺘﺷﺍﺩ ﻥﺎﻣﺯﺎﺳ ﺭﺩ ﻥﺁ ﻝﺎﻘﺘﻧﺍ ﻭ ﺮﺸﻧ ﻭ ﺶﻧﺍﺩ ﺎﻫ ﻥﺎﺘﺳﺭﺎﻤﻴﺑ ،ﺶﻧﺍﺩ ﺖﻳﺮﻳﺪﻣ ،ﻲﻧﺎﻣﺯﺎﺳ ﻱﺮﻴﮔﺩﺎﻳ :ﺎﻫ ﻩژﺍﻭ ﺪﻴﻠﻛ

89/6/30 :ﻲﻳﺎﻬﻧ ﺵﺮﻳﺬﭘ • 89/6/9 :ﻲﻳﺎﻬﻧ ﺡﻼﺻﺍ • 88/11/10 :ﻪﻟﺎﻘﻣ ﻝﻮﺻﻭ •

ﻥﺎﻬﻔﺻﺍ ﻲﻜﺷﺰﭘ ﻡﻮﻠﻋ ﻩﺎﮕﺸﻧﺍﺩ ﻲﺸﻫﻭﮋﭘ ﺖﻧﻭﺎﻌﻣ ﻂﺳﻮﺗ ﻪﻛ ﺪﺷﺎﺑ ﻲﻣ 288010 ﻩﺭﺎﻤﺷ ﻪﺑ ﺖﻧﺍﺮﮔ ﻲﺗﺎﻘﻴﻘﺤﺗ ﺡﺮﻃ ﺯﺍ ﻪﺘﻓﺮﮔﺮﺑ ﻪﻟﺎﻘﻣ ﻦﻳﺍ • .ﺖﺳﺍ ﻩﺪﻳﺩﺮﮔ ﺖﻳﺎﻤﺣ

ﻝﻮﺌﺴﻣ ﻩﺪﻨﺴﻳﻮﻧ ؛ﻥﺎﻬﻔﺻﺍ ﻲﻜﺷﺰﭘ ﻡﻮﻠﻋ ﻩﺎﮕﺸﻧﺍﺩ ،ﺖﻣﻼﺳ ﺩﺎﺼﺘﻗﺍ ﻭ ﺖﻳﺮﻳﺪﻣ ﺕﺎﻘﻴﻘﺤﺗ ﺰﻛﺮﻣ ،ﻲﻧﺎﻣﺭﺩ ﻭ ﻲﺘﺷﺍﺪﻬﺑ ﺕﺎﻣﺪﺧ ﺖﻳﺮﻳﺪﻣ ﻱﺮﺘﻛﺩ ﻱﻮﺠﺸﻧﺍﺩ 1 .

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(42) 13 ؛1389 ﺖﻣﻼﺳ ﺖﻳﺮﻳﺪﻣ

ﻪﻣﺪﻘﻣ ﺪﻨﻧﺎﻣ ﻲﻧﺎﻣﺯﺎﺳ ﺕﺎﻣﺍﺪﻗﺍ ﺯﺍ ﻱﺍ ﻪﻋﻮﻤﺠﻣ ﻲﻧﺎﻣﺯﺎﺳ ﻱﺮﻴﮔﺩﺎﻳ ﻪﻈﻓﺎﺣ ﻭ ﺕﺎﻋﻼﻃﺍ ﺮﻴﺴﻔﺗ ،ﺕﺎﻋﻼﻃﺍ ﻊﻳﺯﻮﺗ ،ﺶﻧﺍﺩ ﺐﺴﻛ ﺖﺒﺜﻣ ﻝﻮﺤﺗ ﺮﺑ ﻪﻧﺎﻫﺎﮔﺁ ﺮﻴﻏ ﺎــﻳ ﻭ ﻪﻧﺎﻫﺎﮔﺁ ﺕﺭﻮﺻ ﻪﺑ ﻪــﻛ ﺰﻴﻧ ﻦﻳﻭﺭﺎﮔ [1].ﺩﻮﺷ ﻲﻣ ﻒﻳﺮﻌﺗ ،ﺩﺭﺍﺬﮔ ﻲﻣ ﺮﺛﺍ ﻲﻧﺎﻣﺯﺎــﺳ ﻪﻛ ﺪﻨﻛ ﻲﻣ ﺭﺎﻬﻇﺍ ﻱﻭ ،ﺪــﻫﺩ ﻲﻣ ﻪﺋﺍﺭﺍ ﺍﺭ ﻲﻬﺑﺎــﺸﻣ ﻒﻳﺮﻌﺗ ﻪﻛ ﻱﺪﻨﻳﺍﺮﻓ ﻥﺍﻮــﻨﻋ ﻪﺑ ﻱﺮﻴﮔﺩﺎﻳ ،ﺐﺗﺎﻜﻣ ﺯﺍ ﻱﺭﺎﻴــﺴﺑ ﺭﺩ ﻙﺭﺩ ،ﺶﻧﺍﺩ ﺐــﺴﻛ ﺎﺑ ﻭ ﺩﺩﺮﮔ ﻲﻣ ﺭﺎﻜــﺷﺁ ﻥﺎﻣﺯ ﻝﻮﻃ ﺭﺩ [2].ﺩﻮﺷ ﻲﻣ ﻒﻳﺮﻌﺗ ،ﺖﺳﺍ ﻩﺍﺮﻤﻫ ﺩﺮﻜﻠﻤﻋ ﺩﻮﺒﻬﺑ ﻭ ﺮﺗ ﻖﻴﻤﻋ ﻱﺮﻴﮔﺩﺎﻳ ﻞﻴﻠﺤﺗ ﻭ ﻪﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣ ﺖﻴﻤﻫﺍ ﺮﻴﺧﺍ ﻱﺎﻫ ﻝﺎــﺳ ﺭﺩ ﺯﺍ ﻒﻠﺘﺨﻣ ﻥﺍﺮﮕﺸﻫﻭﮋﭘ ﻭ ﺖــﺳﺍ ﻪﺘﻓﺎﻳ ﺶﻳﺍﺰﻓﺍ ﻲﻧﺎﻣﺯﺎــﺳ ﺯﺍ [3].ﺪﻧﺍ ﻪﺘﺧﺍﺩﺮﭘ ﻥﺁ ﻞــﻴﻠﺤﺗ ﻪﺑ ﻲــﺗﻭﺎﻔﺘﻣ ﻱﺎــﻫﺩﺮﻜﻳﻭﺭ ﺩﺮﻜﻳﻭﺭ ،[4-5]ﻲﺳﺎﻨﺸﻧﺍﻭﺭ ﺩﺮﻜﻳﻭﺭ ،ﺎﻫﺩﺮﻜﻳﻭﺭ ﻦﻳﺍ ﻪﻠﻤﺟ [6-8].ﺖﺳﺍ ﻩﺩﻮﺑ ﻲﻧﺎﻣﺯﺎﺳ ﻱﺭﻮﺌﺗ ﻩﺎﮔﺪﻳﺩ ﺯﺍ ﻭ ،ﻲﻋﺎﻤﺘﺟﺍ ﻪﺑ ﻲﻧﺎﻣﺯﺎﺳ ﻱﺮﻴﮔﺩﺎﻳ ﻪﺑ ،ﻱﮋﺗﺍﺮﺘــﺳﺍ ﺮﻈﻨﻣ ﺯﺍ ﺮﺘﺸﻴﺑ ًﺍﺮﻴﺧﺍ ﻲﺳﺎﺳﺍ ﻦﻴﻨﭽﻤﻫ ﻭ ﺎﻫ ﻥﺎﻣﺯﺎﺳ ﻦﻴﺑ ﺰﻳﺎﻤﺗ ﻱﺍﺮﺑ ﻲﻌﺒﻨﻣ ﻥﺍﻮﻨﻋ ﻡﻮﻬﻔﻣ ﻭ ﺩﻮﺷ ﻲﻣ ﻪﺘﻓﺮﮔ ﺮﻈﻧ ﺭﺩ ﻲﺘﺑﺎﻗﺭ ﺖﻳﺰﻣ ﺩﺎﺠﻳﺍ ﻱﺍﺮﺑ ﺖﺳﺍ ﻪﺘﻓﺮﮔ ﺕﺄﺸﻧ ﻩﺎﮔﺪﻳﺩ ﻦﻳﺍ ﺯﺍ ﺰﻴﻧ ﻩﺪﻧﺮﻴﮔﺩﺎﻳ ﻥﺎﻣﺯﺎــﺳ ﻭ ﺐﺴﻛ ﺖﻳﺮﻳﺪﻣ ﻲﺘﻨــﺳ ﻱﺎﻫ ﺵﻭﺭ ﺭﺩ ﺮﻴﻴﻐﺗ ﺐﺟﻮﻣ ﻪﻛ [9].ﺖﺳﺍ ﻩﺪﺷ ﺭﺎﻛ ﺍﺭ ﻲﻧﺎﻣﺯﺎــﺳ ﻱﺮﻴﮔﺩﺎﻳ ،ﺶﻧﺍﺭﺎﻜﻤﻫ ﻭ ﺰﻟﺍﺭﻮﻣ ﺎــﺳﺭﺎﮔ ﺱﺎــﺳﺍ ﺮﺑ ﺩﺮﻜﻠﻤﻋ ﺩﻮﺒﻬﺑ ﻭ ﻆﻔﺣ ﻱﺍﺮﺑ ﺖﻛﺮــﺷ ﺖﻴﻠﺑﺎﻗ ﻲﻳﺎﻧﺍﻮﺗ ﺍﺭ ﺖﻴﻠﺑﺎﻗ ﻦﻳﺍ ﻭ ﺪﻨﻨﻛ ﻲﻣ ﻒﻳﺮﻌﺗ ﻪﺘــﺷﺬﮔ ﺏﺭﺎﺠﺗ ﻚﻳﺮﺸﺗ ،ﺢﻳﺮﺻ ﻭ ﻲﻨﻤﺿ ﺶﻧﺍﺩ ﺯﺍ ﻱﺭﺍﺩﺮﺑ ﻩﺮﻬﺑ ﻭ ﺐﺴﻛ [10].ﺪﻨﻧﺍﺩ ﻲﻣ ﻥﺎﻣﺯﺎﺳ ﺭﺩ ﺶﻧﺍﺩ ﺯﺍ ﻩﺩﺎﻔﺘﺳﺍ ﻭ ﺶﻧﺍﺩ ﺭﻮﺤﻣ ﺶﻧﺍﺩ ﻱﺎﻫ ﻥﺎﻣﺯﺎــﺳ ﺮﺑ ﻩﺪﻨﻳﺍﺰﻓ ﺪﻴﻛﺄﺗ ﺎﺑ ﻩﺯﻭﺮﻣﺍ ﻢﻬﻣ ﻞﻣﺍﻮﻋ ﺯﺍ ﺶﻧﺍﺩ ،ﺭﻮﺤﻣ ﺪﻴﻟﻮﺗ ﻱﺎﻫ ﻥﺎﻣﺯﺎــﺳ ﻱﺎﺟ ﻪﺑ ﺶﻧﺍﺩ ﺯﺍ ﻱﺭﺍﺩﺭﻮﺧﺮﺑ ﻭ ،ﺪﻳﺁ ﻲﻣ ﺏﺎﺴﺣ ﻪﺑ ﺎﻫ ﻥﺎﻣﺯﺎــﺳ ﺭﺩ ﻚﻳ ﻪﺑ ﺎﻫ ﻥﺎﻣﺯﺎــﺳ ﺕﺎﻴﺣ ﻪﻣﺍﺩﺍ ﻱﺍﺮﺑ ﺪﻣﺁﺯﻭﺭ ﺕﺎﻋﻼﻃﺍ ﻭ ﺖﻳﺮﻳﺪﻣ ﻦﻳﺍﺮﺑﺎﻨﺑ .ﺖﺳﺍ ﻩﺪﺷ ﻞﻳﺪﺒﺗ ﺮﻳﺬﭘﺎﻧﺭﺎﻜﻧﺍ ﺕﺭﻭﺮﺿ ﺕﺎﻤﻴﻤﺼﺗ ﺫﺎﺨﺗﺍ ،ﺮﺗﺮﺑ ﻲﻳﺎﻧﺍﺩ ﺮﺑ ﻪﻴﻜﺗ ﺎﺑ ﺪﻳﺎﺑ ﺎﻫ ﻥﺎﻣﺯﺎــﺳ ﻲﻨﺘﺒﻣ ﻱﺎﻫﺩﺮﻜﻠﻤﻋ ﺩﻮﺒﻬﺑ ﻭ ﻢﻬﻣ ﻱﺎﻫ ﻉﻮﺿﻮﻣ ﺭﺩ ﺮﺗ ﻝﻮﻘﻌﻣ ﺭﺩ ﺶﻧﺍﺩ ﺖﻳﺮﻳﺪﻣ ﻱﺮــﻴﮔﺭﺎﻛ ﻪﺑ .ﺪﻨﻛ ﺍﺪــﻴﭘ ﺍﺭ ﺶﻧﺍﺩ ﺮــﺑ ﺖﻴﻤﻫﺍ ،ﺎﻫ ﺖﻴﻟﺎﻌﻓ ﻉﻮﻨﺗ ﻭ ﺖﻌﺳﻭ ﻪﺑ ﻪﺟﻮﺗ ﺎﺑ ﺎﻫ ﻥﺎﺘﺳﺭﺎﻤﻴﺑ .ﺖــﺳﺍ ﻱﺭﻭﺮﺿ ﻱﺮﻣﺍﺰﻴﻧ ... ﻭ ﻥﺎﻣﺯﺎــﺳ ﻲﮔﺪﻴﭽﻴﭘ ،ﺎﻫ ﻥﺁ [11]

ﻲﻧﺎﻣﺯﺎﺳ ﻱﺮﻴﮔﺩﺎﻳ ﺩﺎﻌﺑﺍ ﻲﻧﺎﻣﺯﺎﺳ ﻱﺮﻴﮔﺩﺎﻳ ﻱﺍﺮﺑ ﺖﻳﺮﻳﺪﻣ ﺪﻬﻌﺗ 1 . ﻭ ﻩﺩﺮﻛ ﻙﺭﺩ ﺍﺭ ﻱﺮــﻴﮔﺩﺎﻳ ﺖــﻴﻤﻫﺍ ﺪــﻳﺎﺑ ﺖــﻳﺮﻳﺪﻣ ﻭ ﻖﻠﺧ ،ﺐــﺴﻛ ﻪﻛ ﺪﻳﺎﻤﻧ ﺩﺎﺠﻳﺍ ﻥﺎﻣﺯﺎــﺳ ﺭﺩ ﺍﺭ ﻲﮕﻨﻫﺮﻓ ﺮﻈﻧ ﺭﺩ ﻥﺎﻣﺯﺎﺳ ﺭﺩ ﻲﻧﺎﻴﻨﺑ ﺵﺯﺭﺍ ﻚﻳ ﻥﺍﻮﻨﻋ ﻪﺑ ﺶﻧﺍﺩ ﻝﺎﻘﺘﻧﺍ ﻱﺮﻴﮔﺩﺎﻳ ﻥﺩﻮﺑ ﻱﺩﺮﺒﻫﺍﺭ ﺖﺣﺍﺮﺻ ﺎﺑ ﺖﻳﺮﻳﺪﻣ .ﺩﻮﺷ ﻪﺘﻓﺮﮔ ﻱﺍﺮﺑ ﺪﻨﻤﺷﺯﺭﺍ ﻱﺭﺍﺰﺑﺍ ﻲﻧﺎﻣﺯﺎﺳ ﻱﺮﻴﮔﺩﺎﻳ ﺍﺮﻳﺯ ﺪﻨﻛ ﻥﺎﻴﺑ ﺍﺭ [10].ﺖﺳﺍ ﺕﺪﻣ ﺪﻨﻠﺑ ﺞﻳﺎﺘﻧ ﻪﺑ ﻥﺪﻴﺳﺭ ﻲﻤﺘﺴﻴﺳ ﺪﻳﺩ 2 . ﺪﻳﺩ ﺪﻳﺎﺑ ﻥﺎﻣﺯﺎــﺳ ﻲﺣﺍﻮﻧ ﻭ ﺎﻫ ﺶﺨﺑ ،ﻒﻠﺘﺨﻣ ﺩﺍﺮــﻓﺍ ﺪﻨﻧﺍﺪﺑ ﻭ ﺪﻨﺷﺎﺑ ﻪﺘﺷﺍﺩ ﻥﺎﻣﺯﺎﺳ ﻑﺍﺪﻫﺍ ﻪﺑ ﺖﺒــﺴﻧ ﻲﺤﺿﺍﻭ

.ﺩﺮﻛ ﻚﻤﻛ ﻑﺍﺪﻫﺍ ﻥﺁ ﻪﻌﺳﻮﺗ ﻪﺑ ﻥﺍﻮﺗ ﻲﻣ ﻪﻧﻮﮕﭼ ﻪﻛ ﻱﺮﮕﺸﻳﺎﻣﺯﺁ ﻭ ﺯﺎﺑ ﻱﺎﻀﻓ 3 . ﺪﻨﻣﺯﺎﻴﻧ ،ﻡﻭﺩ ﻪﻘﻠﺣ ﻱﺮﻴﮔﺩﺎﻳ ﻥﺎﻤﻫ ﺎﻳ ﻕﻼﺧ ﻱﺮﻴﮔﺩﺎﻳ ﻞﺧﺍﺩ ﺪﻳﺪﺟ ﺕﺍﺮﻈﻧ ﻪﻄﻘﻧ ﻭ ﺎﻫ ﻩﺪﻳﺍ ﻪﺑ ﻭ ﺖــﺳﺍ ﺯﺎﺑ ﻱﺎﻀﻓ ﻉﻮﻧ ﻦﻳﺍ ﻦﻴﻨﭽﻤﻫ .ﺪــﻫﺩ ﻲﻣ ﺖﻴﻤﻫﺍ ﻲــﻧﻭﺮﻴﺑ ﺎﻳ ﻥﺎﻣﺯﺎــﺳ ﻱﺯﺎــﺳﻮﻧ ﻩﺭﺍﻮﻤﻫ ﻱﺩﺮﻓ ﺶﻧﺍﺩ ،ﺩﻮــﺷ ﻲﻣ ﺚﻋﺎﺑ ﻱﺮﻴﮔﺩﺎﻳ .ﺪﺑﺎﻳ ﺩﻮﺒﻬﺑ ﻭ ﺵﺮﺘﺴﮔ ،ﻩﺪﺷ ﺶﻧﺍﺩ ﻱﺯﺎﺳ ﻪﭼﺭﺎﭙﻜﻳ ﻭ ﻝﺎﻘﺘﻧﺍ 4 . ﻢﻫ ﻪﺑ ﻂﺒﺗﺮﻣ ًﻼــﻣﺎﻛ ﺪﻨﻳﺍﺮﻓ ﻭﺩ ﻪﺑ ﺖﻴﻠﺑﺎﻗ ﻦــﻴﻣﺭﺎﻬﭼ ﻱﺎﺟ ﻪﺑ ﻪﻛ ﺩﺩﺮﮔ ﻲﻣ ﺮﺑ ﻲﻠﺧﺍﺩ ﺶﻧﺍﺩ ﻲﮕﭼﺭﺎﭙﻜﻳ ﻭ ﻝﺎﻘﺘﻧﺍ ﻲﻳﺍﺭﺎﻛ .ﺪﺘﻓﺍ ﻲﻣ ﻕﺎﻔﺗﺍ ﻥﺎﻣﺰﻤﻫ ﺕﺭﻮﺻ ﻪﺑ ﻥﺩﻮﺑ ﻲﭘ ﺭﺩ ﻲﭘ .ﺩﺩﺮﮔ ﻲﻣ ﺮﺑ ﺏﺬﺟ ﺖﻴﻓﺮﻇ ﻲﻠﺒﻗ ﺩﻮﺟﻭ ﻪﺑ ﺪﻨﻳﺍﺮﻓ ﻭﺩ ﻦﻳﺍ ﻭ ﻢﻀﻫ ،ﺐــﺴﻛ ،ﺖﺧﺎﻨــﺷ ﻲﻳﺎﻧﺍﻮﺗ ﻪﻛ ﺏﺬﺟ ﺖــﻴﻓﺮﻇ ﺍﺭ ﺶﻧﺍﺩ ﻲﻠﺧﺍﺩ ﻊﻧﺍﻮﻣ ﻪﻛ ﺪﻧﺍﻮﺗ ﻲﻣ ﺖﺳﺍ ﺶﻧﺍﺩ ﻱﺮﻴﮔﺭﺎﻜﺑ [12].ﺪﻳﺎﻤﻧ ﻑﺬﺣ ﻥﺎﻣﺯﺎﺳ ﻥﻭﺭﺩ ﺭﺩ ﻪﺑ ﺍﺮﻳﺯ ﺖﺳﺍ ﻲﻤﻬﻣ ﻉﻮﺿﻮﻣ ،ﺶﻧﺍﺩ ﺖﻳﺮﻳﺪﻣ ﻲﻓﺮﻃ ﺯﺍ ﻱﺮﻜﻓ ﻪﻳﺎﻣﺮﺳ ﻲﻨﻌﻳ ﻲﻧﺎﻣﺯﺎﺳ ﺪﻨﻤﺷﺯﺭﺍ ﻪﻳﺎﻣﺮﺳ ﻦﻳﺮﺘﻤﻬﻣ ﻱﺎﻫ ﻪﻳﺎﻣﺮﺳ ﻞﻳﺪﺒﺗ ﺎﺑ ﺶﻧﺍﺩ ﺖﻳﺮﻳﺪﻣ [13].ﺩﻮﺷ ﻲﻣ ﻁﻮﺑﺮﻣ ﻥﺎﻣﺯﺎﺳ ﻱﺍﺮﺑ ﻪﺘﻓﺎﻳ ﻥﺎﻣﺯﺎﺳ ﻱﺮﻜﻓ ﻱﺎﻫ ﻲﻳﺍﺭﺍﺩ ﻪﺑ ﻲﻧﺎــﺴﻧﺍ ﺖﻳﺮﻳﺪﻣ ﻦﻴﻤﻀﺗ ﻭ ﺩﺎﺠﻳﺍ [14-15].ﺪﻨﻛ ﻲﻣ ﺵﺯﺭﺍ ﺩﺎــﺠﻳﺍ ،ﺶﻧﺍﺩ ﻉﺍﻮﻧﺍ ،ﻑﺍﺪﻫﺍ ﻪﺑ ﻪﺟﻮﺗ ﻪﺑ ﺯﺎﻴﻧ ﻥﺎﻣﺯﺎﺳ ﻚﻳ ﺭﺩ ﺶﻧﺍﺩ ﺭﺩ ﺖﻴﻘﻓﻮﻣ ﻱﺍﺮﺑ . ﺩﺭﺍﺩ ﻲﻧﺎﻣﺯﺎﺳ ﻱﺎﻫ ﺶﻘﻧ ﻭ ﻱژﻮﻟﻮﻨﻜﺗ ﻥﺍﻮﻨﻋ ﻪﺑ ﻪﻧ ﺍﺭ ﺶﻧﺍﺩ ﺖﻳﺮﻳﺪﻣ ﺪﻳﺎﺑ ﺎﻫ ﻥﺎﻣﺯﺎــﺳ ،ﺕﺪﻣﺯﺍﺭﺩ ﻝﻮﺤﺗ ﻭ ﺪﺷﺭ ﻥﺍﻮﻨﻋ ﻪﺑ ﻪﻜﻠﺑ ﻲﺗﺎﻋﻼﻃﺍ ﻱژﻮﻟﻮﻨﻜﺗ ﺏﻼﻘﻧﺍ [16].ﺪﻧﺮﮕﻨﺑ ﻲﻧﺎﻣﺯﺎﺳ

(3)

(42) 13 ؛1389 ﺖﻣﻼﺳ ﺖﻳﺮﻳﺪﻣ

ﺭﺎــﺸﺘﻧﺍ ،ﺶﻳﻻﺎﭘ ،ﺖﺒﺛ ،ﺩﺎﺠﻳﺍ ﺪﻨﻳﺍﺮﻓ ﺶﻧﺍﺩ ﺖــﻳﺮﻳﺪﻣ ﺖﻳﺮﻳﺪﻣ ﻩﺯﻮﺣ ﺭﺩ ﻞﻣﺎﻋ ﺞﻨﭘ ﻦﻳﺍ .ﺖــﺳﺍ ﺶﻧﺍﺩ ﺩﺮﺑﺭﺎﻛ ﻭ ﺵﺯﻮﻣﺁ ،ﺩﺭﻮﺧﺯﺎﺑ ،ﺵﺯﻮﻣﺁ ﻪﻨﻴﻣﺯ ﻥﺎﻣﺯﺎﺳ ﻚﻳ ﻱﺍﺮﺑ ﺶﻧﺍﺩ ،ﺖﺒﺛ ،ﺩﺎﺠﻳﺍ ﻱﺍﺮﺑ ًﻻﻮــﻤﻌﻣ ﻪﻛ ﺩﺭﻭﺁ ﻲﻣ ﻢﻫﺍﺮﻓ ﺍﺭ ﺩﺪــﺠﻣ ﻩﺩﺎﻔﺘﺳﺍ ﺩﺭﻮﻣ ﻥﺎﻣﺯﺎﺳ ﻱﺎﻫ ﺖﻴﻠﺑﺎﻗ ءﺎﻴﺣﺍ ﻭ ﺭﺎﺸﺘﻧﺍ ،ﺶﻳﻻﺎﭘ ﻱﺎﻫﺪﻨﻳﺍﺮﻓ ﺓﺪــﻨﻫﺩ ﻥﺎــﺸﻧ ﻪﻛﺮﻳﺯ ﻞﺣﺍﺮﻣ .ﺩﺮﻴﮔ ﻲﻣ ﺭﺍﺮــﻗ :ﺖﺳﺍ ﻩﺪﺷ ﻥﺎﻴﺑ ﺲﺑُ ﻂﺳﻮﺗ ﺖﺳﺍ ﺶﻧﺍﺩ ﺖﻳﺮﻳﺪﻣ ﻥﺎﻨﻛﺭﺎﻛ ﻱﺎﻫ ﺕﺭﺎﻬﻣ ﻭ ﺕﺎﻴﺑﺮﺠﺗ ﺯﺍ ﺶﻧﺍﺩ :ﺶﻧﺍﺩ ﺩﺎﺠﻳﺍ • ﻥﺩﺮﻛ ﺺﺨﺸﻣ ﺎﺑ ﺩﺍﺮﻓﺍ ﻂــﺳﻮﺗ ﺶﻧﺍﺩ .ﺩﻮﺷ ﻲﻣ ﻲــﺷﺎﻧ ﻖﻠﺧ ،ﻢﻠﻋ ﻪﻌــﺳﻮﺗ ﺎﻳ ﺎﻫﺭﺎﻛ ﻡﺎــﺠﻧﺍ ﺪﻳﺪﺟ ﻱﺎﻫ ﻩﻮﻴــﺷ ﺩﻮﺟﻭ ﻲﻧﺎﻣﺯﺎﺳ ﺭﺩ ﺶﻧﺍﺩ ﻪﭽﻧﺎﻨﭼ ﺕﺎﻗﻭﺍ ﻲﻫﺎﮔ.ﺩﻮﺷ ﻲﻣ ﺔﻤﻫ .ﺩﻮﺷ ﻲﻣ ﻥﺎﻣﺯﺎﺳ ﺩﺭﺍﻭ ﻲﻧﻭﺮﻴﺑ ﺶﻧﺍﺩ ﺪﺷﺎﺑ ﻪﺘﺷﺍﺪﻧ ،ﻲﻧﺎﻣﺯﺎﺳ ﻱﺎﻫ ﺖﻴﻟﺎﻌﻓ ﻭ ﺎﻫﺩﺮﻜﻠﻤﻋ ﺐﻟﺎﻗ ﺭﺩ ﺎﻫ ﻥﺎﻣﺯﺎﺳ ﻪﺑ ﺶﻧﺍﺩ ﺩﺎﺠﻳﺍ .ﺪﻨﻨﻛ ﻲﻣ ﻩﺩﺎﻔﺘﺳﺍ ﻥﺁ ﺯﺍ ﻭ ﻖﻠﺧ ﺍﺭ ﺶﻧﺍﺩ ﻦﻳﻮﻧ ﻱﺎﻫ ﻞﺣ ﻩﺍﺭ ﻭ ﺎﻫ ﻩﺪﻳﺍ ﻂﺴﺑ ﺭﺩ ﺎﻫ ﻥﺎﻣﺯﺎــﺳ ﻲﻳﺎﻧﺍﻮﺗ ﺪﻳﺪﺠﺗ ﻭ ﻪﻌﺳﻮﺗ ﺎﺑ ﻲﻧﺎﻣﺯﺎــﺳ ﺮﻫ .ﺩﺭﺍﺩ ﻩﺭﺎــﺷﺍ ﺪﻴﻔﻣ ﻭ ﻒﻠﺘﺨﻣ ﻱﺎﻫ ﺵﻭﺭ ﻖﻳﺮﻃ ﺯﺍ ﻲﻠﻌﻓ ﻭ ﻲﻠﺒﻗ ﺶﻧﺍﺩ ﺭﺎﺘﺧﺎﺳ .ﺩﺯﺍﺩﺮﭘ ﻲﻣ ﺪﻳﺪﺟ ﻱﺎﻫﺎﻨﻌﻣ ﻭ ﺖﻴﻌﻗﺍﻭ ﻖﻠﺧ ﻪﺑ ﻞﻜــﺷ ﻪﺑ ﺪﻳﺎﺑ ﻩﺪــﺷ ﺩﺎﺠﻳﺍ ﻪﻛ ﻲــﺸﻧﺍﺩ :ﺶﻧﺍﺩ ﺖــﺒﺛ • ﻱﺭﺎﻴﺴﺑ .ﺩﻮﺷ ﻩﺮﻴﺧﺫ ﻲﺗﺎﻋﻼﻃﺍ ﻱﺎﻫ ﻩﺎﮕﻳﺎﭘ ﺭﺩ ﺵﺍ ﻪﻴﻟﻭﺍ ﻭ ﻂﺒﺿ ﺖﻬﺟ ،ﻊــﺑﺎﻨﻣ ﻒﻠﺘﺨﻣ ﻉﺍﻮﻧﺍ ﺯﺍ ﺎﻫ ﻥﺎﻣﺯﺎــﺳ ﺯﺍ .ﺪﻨﻛ ﻲﻣ ﻩﺩﺎﻔﺘﺳﺍ ﺶﻧﺍﺩ ﻱﺭﺍﺪﻬﮕﻧ ﺭﺍﺮﻗ ﻱﺍ ﻪﻨﻴﻣﺯ ﺭﺩ ﺪــﻳﺎﺑ ﺪﻳﺪﺟ ﺶــﻧﺍﺩ :ﺶﻧﺍﺩ ﺶــﻳﻻﺎﭘ • ﺶﻧﺍﺩ ﺎﻳ ﺮﺸﺑ ﻱﺎﻫ ﺶﻨﻴﺑ ﻪﻛ ﻲﻳﺎﺟ ،ﺩﻮﺷ ﻲﻠﻤﻋ ﻪﻛ ﺩﺮﻴﮔ ﺡﻼﺻﺍ ﺢﻳﺮﺻ ﺶــﻧﺍﺩ ﺎﺑ ﻩﺍﺮﻤﻫ ﻭ ﺩﻮــﺷ ﻂﺒﺿ ﻲﻨﻤﺿ .ﺩﺩﺮﮔ ﺭﺩ ﻲــﺴﻛ ﺮﻫ ﺱﺮﺘــﺳﺩ ﺭﺩ ﺪﻳﺎﺑ ﺶﻧﺍﺩ :ﺶﻧﺍﺩ ﺭﺎــﺸﺘﻧﺍ • ﺩﺭﺍﺩ ﺯﺎﻴﻧ ﻪﻛ ﻲﻧﺎﻜﻣ ﻭ ﻥﺎﻣﺯ ﺮﻫ ﺭﺩ ﺎﺗ ﺩﺮﻴﮔ ﺭﺍﺮﻗ ﻥﺎﻣﺯﺎﺳ ﺪﻨﻧﺎﻣ ﺪﻳﺪﺟ ﻱﺎﻫ ﻱﺭﻭﺎﻨﻓ .ﺪﻫﺩ ﺭﺍﺮﻗ ﻩﺩﺎﻔﺘﺳﺍ ﺩﺭﻮﻣ ﺍﺭ ﻥﺁ ﺎﻫ ﻱﺭﻭﺎﻨﻓ ﺮﮕﻳﺩ ﻭ ﺖﻧﺍﺮﺘﻨﻳﺍ ،ﺖﻧﺮﺘﻨﻳﺍ ،ﻲﻫﻭﺮﮔ ﻱﺎﻫﺭﺎﻛ ﻡﺰﻠﺘﺴﻣ ،ﺶﻧﺍﺩ ﺭﺎــﺸﺘﻧﺍ .ﺪﻨﻛ ﻲﻣ ﻚﻤﻛ ﺶﻧﺍﺩ ﺭﺎــﺸﺘﻧﺍ ﻪﺑ ﺶﻧﺍﺩ ﻪﺿﺮﻋ ﺎﻳ ﻥﺩﺎﺘﺳﺮﻓ ،ﻝﺎﺳﺭﺍ :ﺖﺳﺍ ﻡﺎﮔﻭﺩ ﻦﺘﺷﺍﺩﺮﺑ ﺭﻮﻈﻨﻣ .ﺺﺨﺷ ﻂﺳﻮﺗ ﻥﺁ ﺏﺬﺟ ﻭ ﻩﻮﻘﻟﺎﺑ ﻱﺍ ﻩﺪﻧﺮﻴﮔ ﻪﺑ ﻡﺎﺠﻧﺍ ﺭﺩ ﺎﻫ ﻥﺎﻣﺯﺎــﺳ ﻲﻳﺎﻧﺍﻮﺗ ﺶﻳﺍﺰﻓﺍ ،ﺶﻧﺍﺩ ﺭﺎــﺸﺘﻧﺍ ﺯﺍ ﺩﺎﺠﻳﺍ ﻂﻘﻓ .ﺖﺳﺎﻬﻧﺁ ﺵﺯﺭﺍ ﻥﺩﺮﺑﻻﺎﺑ ﺖﻳﺎﻬﻧ ﺭﺩ ﻭ ﺎﻫﺭﺎﻛ .ﺪﺷﺎﺑ ﺶﻧﺍﺩ ﺮﺛﺆﻣ ﻝﺎﻘﺘﻧﺍ ﻱﺎﻳﻮﮔ ﺪﻧﺍﻮﺗ ﻲﻣ ﺭﺎﺘﻓﺭ ﺭﺩ ﺮﻴﻴﻐﺗ ﻥﺁﺭﺎــﺸﺘﻧﺍ ﻱﺎﻨﻌﻣ ﻪﺑ ﺶﻧﺍﺩ ﻥﺩﻮــﺑ ﺱﺮﺘــﺳﺩﺭﺩ ﻑﺮﺻ

.ﺖﺴﻴﻧ ﺭﺩ ﺪﻳﺎﺑ ﻲﻧﺎﻣﺯﺎــﺳ ﺶﻧﺍﺩ ﻲﻠﻛ ﺭﻮﻃ ﻪﺑ :ﺶﻧﺍﺩ ﺩﺮــﺑﺭﺎﻛ • ﺭﺎﻛ ﻪﺑ ﻥﺎﻣﺯﺎــﺳ ﺪﻨﻳﺍﺮﻓ ﻭ ﺕﺎﻣﺪﺧ ،ﺕﻻﻮﺼﺤﻣ ﺖــﻬﺟ ﻞﻜــﺷ ﻲﺘﺣﺍﺭ ﻪﺑ ﺪﻧﺍﻮﺘﻧ ﻲﻧﺎﻣﺯﺎــﺳ ﺮــﮔﺍ .ﺩﻮــﺷ ﻪﺘﻓﺮﮔ ﺪﻳﺎﻤﻧ ﺺﺨﺸﻣ ﻥﺁ ﺐــﺳﺎﻨﻣ ﻱﺎﺟ ﺭﺩ ﺍﺭ ﺶﻧﺍﺩ ﺢﻴﺤﺻ .ﺪــﺷ ﺪﻫﺍﻮﺧ ﻪﺟﺍﻮﻣ ﻞﻜــﺸﻣ ﺎﺑ ﻲﺘﺑﺎﻗﺭ ﻱﺎــﻫ ﻪﺻﺮﻋﺭﺩ ﻥﺎﻬﺟ ﺭﺩ ﻱﺯﻭﺮــﻴﭘ ﻩﺍﺭ ﺖﻴﻗﻼﺧﻭ ﻱﺭﻭﺁﻮــﻧ ﻪﻛ ﻲﻧﺎﻣﺯ ﻱﺎﺟﺭﺩ ﺍﺭ ﺐﺳﺎﻨﻣ ﺶﻧﺍﺩ ﺪﻧﺍﻮﺘﺑ ﺪﻳﺎﺑ ﻥﺎﻣﺯﺎﺳ ،ﺖﺳﺍﺯﻭﺮﻣﺍ ﺯﺍ ﻱﺮﻴﮔ ﻩﺮﻬﺑ ﺭﺩ ﺎﻫ ﻥﺎﻣﺯﺎﺳ .ﺩﺮﻴﮔ ﺭﺎﻛ ﻪﺑ ﺩﻮﺧ ﺐــﺳﺎﻨﻣ ﻪﺑ .ﺪﻧﺭﺍﺩ ﻭﺭ ﺶﻴﭘ ﻲﻔﻠﺘﺨﻣ ﻱﺎــﻫ ﻩﺍﺭ ﺩﻮﺧ ﺶﻧﺍﺩ ﻊــﺑﺎﻨﻣ ﺶﻧﺍﺩ ﺯﺍ ﻪﻛ ﺖﺳﺍ ﻲﻳﺎﻫ ﺖﻴﻟﺎﻌﻓ ﻞﻣﺎــﺷ ﺶﻧﺍﺩ ﻱﺮﻴﮔﺭﺎﻛ ﺭﻮﻈﻨﻣ ﻪﺑ .ﺪﻨﻨﻛ ﻲﻣ ﻩﺩﺎﻔﺘﺳﺍ ﺭﺎﻛ ﻭ ﺐــﺴﻛ ﻱﺎﻫﺪﻨﻳﺍﺮﻓ ﺭﺩ ﻥﺍﻮﺗ ﻲﻣ ﻲﺘﻟﻭﺩ ﻱﺎﻫ ﻪﻋﻮﻤﺠﻣ ﺭﺩ ﺶﻧﺍﺩ ﺩﺮﺑﺭﺎﻛ ﻪﻌــﺳﻮﺗ ﻱﺍﺮﺑ ﺍﺭ ﻲﻫﺎﮕﻳﺎﺟ ،ﻥﺎﻣﺯﺎﺳ ﻲﻤﺳﺭ ﻲﻧﺎﻣﺯﺎﺳ ﺭﺎﺘﺧﺎﺳ ﺭﺩ ًﻼﻣﺎﻛ ﺕﺭﻮﺻ ﻪــﺑ ﻪﻛ ﺖﻓﺮﮔ ﺮﻈﻧ ﺭﺩ ﺶــﻧﺍﺩ ﺖﻳﺮﻳﺪﻣ ﻱﺮﺒﻫﺭ ﺍﺭ ﺶﻧﺍﺩ ﺯﺍ ﻩﺩﺎﻔﺘﺳﺍ ﻭ ﻢﻴﻬﺴﺗ ﺖﻴﻟﺎﻌﻓ ،ﻲﺼﺼﺨﺗ ﻪﻨﻴﻣﺯ ﻦﻳﺍ ﺭﺩ ﺍﺭ ﺩﺍﺮﻓﺍ ﻲﺗﺪﻴﻘﻋ ﻭ ﻱﺮﻜﻓ ﻱﺎﻫ ﻪﻳﺎﭘ ﻭ ﻩﺩﺮﻛ [17].ﺪﻨﻛ ﻲﻣ ﺡﻼﺻﺍ ﻱﺮﻴﮔﺩﺎﻳ ﻭ ﺶﻧﺍﺩ ﺖــﻳﺮﻳﺪﻣ ﻦﻴﺑ ﻲــﺳﺭﺮﺑ ﺭﺩ ﺩﺭﺍﻭﻮﻫ ﻦﻴﻨﭼ ﻲﻠﻠﻤﻟﺍ ﻦﻴﺑ ﻪﻌﺳﻮﺗ ﻩﺎﮔﺪﻳﺩ ﻚﻳ ﻥﺍﻮﻨﻋ ﻪﺑ ﻲﻧﺎﻣﺯﺎــﺳ ﻑﺪﻫ ﺎﺑ ﻱﺮﻴﮔﺩﺎﻳ ﻭ ﺶﻧﺍﺩ ﺖﻳﺮﻳﺪﻣ ﻖــﻴﻔﻠﺗ :ﺩﺭﺍﺩ ﻲﻣ ﻥﺎﻴﺑ ﺪﻴﻟﻮﺗ ﺮﻳﺩﺎﻘﻣ ﺭﺩ ﻱﺮﻴﮔ ﻩﺯﺍﺪﻧﺍ ﺎﺑ ﻲﻧﺎﻣﺯﺎﺳ ﻱﺭﻭ ﻩﺮﻬﺑ ءﺎﻘﺗﺭﺍ ﺰﻴﻧ ﻲﻧﺎﻣﺯﺎﺳ ﻱﺭﻭ ﻩﺮﻬﺑ ،ﻪﻌــﺳﻮﺗ ﺶﺨﺑ ﺭﺩ .ﺖﺳﺍ ﺩﻮــﺳ ﻭ [18].ﺖﺳﺍ ﻢﻬﻣ ،ﻥﺎﻣﺯﺎــﺳ ﻪﺑ ﺪﻬﻌﺗ ﻦﻴﺑ ﻪﻄﺑﺍﺭ ﻲــﺳﺭﺮﺑ ﺭﺩ ﻡﺎﻘﻨﻴــﺳﺎﻣ ﻥﺎﻴﺑ ﻦﻴﻨﭼ ﻥﺎﻣﺯﺎــﺳ ﻱﺮﻴﮔﺩﺎﻳ ﺖﻴﻓﺮﻇ ﻭ ،ﺖﻳﺮﻳﺪﻣ ﺶﻧﺍﺩ ﻭ ﻥﺎﻣﺯﺎﺳ ﻱﺮﻴﮔﺩﺎﻳ ﺖﻴﻓﺮﻇ ﻚﻳﮋﺗﺍﺮﺘــﺳﺍ ﺖﻴﻤﻫﺍ :ﺩﺭﺍﺩ ﻲﻣ ﺪﻧﺍ ﻩﺪﺷ ﺪﻨﺘﺴﻣ ﻲﺑﻮﺧ ﻪﺑ ﺶﻧﺍﺩ ﻱﺭﺍﺬﮔ ﻙﺍﺮﺘــﺷﺍ ﻪﺑ ﺶﻘﻧ ﺪﻬﻌﺗ ﻦﻴﺑ ﻪــﻄﺑﺍﺭ ﻪﻟﺎﻘﻣ ﻦﻳﺍ .ﺖــﺳﺍ ﻲــﺳﺭﺮﺑ ﺖﺤﺗ ﺰﻴﻧ ﻭ ﺮﻈﻨﻣ ،ﻱﺭﻭﺁ ﻦﻓ ﻭ ﺩﺍﺪﻌﺘــﺳﺍ ،ﻩﺩﺮﺘﺴﮔ ﺵﺮﮕﻧ ،ﻲﻧﺎﻣﺯﺎــﺳ ﻱﺎﻫ ﻱژﻮﻟﻮﻨﻜﺗ ﻖﻳﺮﻃ ﺯﺍ ﺶﻧﺍﺩ ﻙﺍﺮﺘﺷﺍ ﻪﺑ ﺩﻭﺪﺤﻣ ﺵﺮﮕﻧ ﻁﺎﺒﺗﺭﺍ ﻭ ﻩﺩﺍﺩ ﺭﺍﺮﻗ ﻲــﺳﺭﺮﺑ ﺩﺭﻮﻣ ﺍﺭ ﻩﺭﻭﺎﺤﻣ ﻭ ﻲﻋﺎﻤﺘﺟﺍ ﺺﺨﺸﻣ ﺍﺭ ﻥﺎﻣﺯﺎﺳ ﻱﺮﻴﮔﺩﺎﻳ ﺖﻴﻓﺮﻇﻭ ﺶﻧﺍﺩ ﺖﻳﺮﻳﺪﻣ ﻦﻴﺑ [19].ﺖﺳﺍ ﻩﺩﻮﻤﻧ ﺖﻳﺮﻳﺪﻣ" ﻥﺍﻮــﻨﻋ ﺎﺑ ﺩﻮﺧ ﺶﻫﻭﮋﭘ ﺭﺩ ﮓــﻧﺎﻫ ﻮــﺋﺎﭼ

(4)

(42) 13 ؛1389 ﺖﻣﻼﺳ ﺖﻳﺮﻳﺪﻣ

ﺎﻫ ﻥﺎﻣﺯﺎﺳ ﻩﺯﻭﺮﻣﺍ :ﻪﻛ ﺖﻓﺎﻳﺭﺩ "ﻩﺪﻧﺮﻴﮔﺩﺎﻳ ﻥﺎﻣﺯﺎﺳﺭﺩ ﺶﻧﺍﺩ ﻪﺘــﺷﺍﺩ ﺖﻳﺮﻳﺪﻣ ﺭﺩ ﻱﺭﺍﺪﻳﺎﭘ ﻱﺭﻭﺁﻮﻧ ﻪﻛ ﺪﻨﺘــﺴﻫ ﺭﻮﺒﺠﻣ ﺐﺴﻛ ﺮﻤﺘﺴﻣ ﻱﺮﻴﮔﺩﺎﻳ ﻖﻳﺮﻃ ﺯﺍ ﻱﺭﻭﺁﻮﻧ ﻝﻮﺻﺍ ﻪﻛ ﺪﻨﺷﺎﺑ ﻭ ﻥﺎﻨﻛﺭﺎﻛ ﻦﻴﺑ ﺭﺩ ﺶﻧﺍﺩ ﻢﻴﻬﺴﺗ ﻖﻳﺮﻃ ﺯﺍ ﻱﺮﻴﮔﺩﺎﻳ ﻭ ﻩﺪﺷ [20].ﺪﻳﺁ ﻲﻣ ﺩﻮﺟﻭ ﻪﺑ ﻥﺎﻳﺮﺘﺸﻣ ،ﺶﻧﺍﺩ ﺖﻳﺮﻳﺪﻣ ﻪــﻛ ﺖــﺳﺍ ﻩﺪﻣﺁ ﺮﮕﻳﺩ ﺶــﻫﻭﮋﭘ ﺭﺩ ﺰﻴﻧ ﻲﺧﺮﺑ ﻭ ﻩﺩﻮﺑ ﻩﺪﻧﺮﻴﮔﺩﺎﻳ ﻥﺎﻣﺯﺎــﺳ ﻚﻳ ﻖﻠﺧ ﺯﺎﻴﻧ ﺶﻴﭘ ﻩﺪﻧﺮﻴﮔﺩﺎﻳ ﻥﺎﻣﺯﺎﺳ ﻖﻠﺧ ﻱﻮﺳﺍﺮﻓ ﻲﻣﺎﮔ ﺍﺭ ﺶﻧﺍﺩ ﺖﻳﺮﻳﺪﻣ ﻥﺎﻣﺯﺎﺳ ﻱﺎﻫ ﻪﻄﻴﺣ ﻦﻴﺑ ﻪﻄﺑﺍﺭ ﺹﻮﺼﺧ ﺭﺩ [21].ﺪﻨﻧﺍﺩ ﻲﻣ ﻥﺎــﺸﻧ [22]ﻥﻮﻴﺒﻫﺫ ﻚﻴﻓﺍﺮﮔﻮﻣﺩ ﻱﺎﻫ ﻲﮔﮋﻳﻭ ﺎﺑ ﻩﺪﻧﺮﻴﮔﺩﺎﻳ ﻲﻨﺳ ﻩﻭﺮﮔ ﺎﺑ ﻩﺪﻧﺮﻴﮔﺩﺎﻳ ﻥﺎﻣﺯﺎﺳ ﻱﺎﻫ ﻪﻄﻴﺣ ﻪﻛ ﺖﺳﺍ ﻩﺩﺍﺩ .ﺖﺳﺍ ﻪﺘﺷﺍﺪﻧ ﻪﻄﺑﺍﺭ ﻲﻠﻴﺼﺤﺗ ﻊﻄﻘﻣ ﻭ ﺖﻳﺮﻳﺪﻣ ﻦﻴﺑ ﻪﻛ ﺖﺳﺍ ﻩﺩﺍﺩ ﻥﺎﺸﻧ [23]ﻱﺩﺎﻧ ﻲﻓﺮﻃ ﺯﺍ ﻲﻣﻼﺳﺍ ﺩﺍﺯﺁ ﻱﺎﻫ ﻩﺎﮕﺸﻧﺍﺩ ﺭﺩ ﻩﺪﻧﺮﻴﮔﺩﺎﻳ ﻥﺎﻣﺯﺎــﺳ ﻭ ﺶﻧﺍﺩ ﺭﺩ ﻦﻴﺗﺭﺎﻣ .ﺩﺭﺍﺩ ﺩﻮــﺟﻭ ﻱﺭﺍﺩﺎــﻨﻌﻣ ﻪﻄﺑﺍﺭ ﺭﺎﻬﭼ ﻪــﻘﻄﻨﻣ ﺖﻳﺮﻳﺪﻣ ﺯﺍ ﻲﻣﻮﻬﻔﻣ ﺭﺩ ﺶﻧﺍﺩ ﺖﻳﺮﻳﺪﻣ» ﻥﺍﻮﻨﻋ ﺎﺑ ﻲﺸﻫﻭﮋﭘ ﻪﻛ ﻲﻳﺎﻫﺪﻨﻳﺍﺮﻓ ﻖــﻠﺧ ﻪﺑ ﺯﺎــﻴﻧ ﻭ ﻱﺮﻴﮔﺩﺎﻳ ﺖــﻴﻤﻫﺍ ﻪــﺑ « ﻲﻧﺎﻣﺯﺎﺳ ﺶﻧﺍﺩ ﻖﻠﺧ ﻭ ﻲﻧﺎﻣﺯﺎــﺳ ﻱﺮﻴﮔﺩﺎﻳ ﻩﺪﻨﻨﻛ ﺖﻳﺎﻤﺣ [24].ﺪﻨﻛ ﻲﻣ ﺪﻴﻛﺄﺗ ﺖﺳﺍ ﺖﻳﺮﻳﺪﻣ ﻑﺪﻫ ﻪﻛ ﺩﺭﺍﺩ ﻥﺁ ﺯﺍ ﻥﺎــﺸﻧ ﺮﮕﻳﺩ ﺶــﻫﻭﮋﭘ ﻭ ﻲﻧﻭﺭﺩ ﺶــﻧﺍﺩ ﻦﻴﺑ ﺮﻤﺘــﺴﻣ ﻲﮕﭼﺭﺎﭙﻜﻳ ﺩﺎﺠﻳﺍ ،ﺶــﻧﺍﺩ ﻲﻧﻭﺮﻴﺑ ﻭ ﻲﻧﻭﺭﺩ ﺕﺍﺮــﻴﻴﻐﺗ ﺎﺑ ﻕﺎﺒﻄﻧﺍ ﺭﻮــﻈﻨﻣ ﻪﺑ ﻲــﻄﻴﺤﻣ ﻦﻴﻨﭽﻤﻫ ﻭ ﺩﻮــﺟﻮﻣ ﺕﻼﻜــﺸﻣ ﻞﺣﺭﻮﻈﻨﻣ ﻪﺑ ﻭ ﻥﺎﻣﺯﺎــﺳ ﻱﺍﺮﺑ ،ﺱﺎﺳﺍ ﻦﻳﺍ ﺮﺑ .ﺖﺳﺍ ﺭﺎﻛ ﻭ ﺐﺴﻛ ﻪﻌﺳﻮﺗ ﺭﺩ ﻱﺭﻭﺁﻮﻧ ﺍﺭ ﻪﻧﺍﺮﻴﮔﺩﺎﻳ ﻲﻄﻴﺤﻣ ﺪﻳﺎﺑ ﻥﺎﻣﺯﺎﺳ ﻲﻳﺎﻫ ﺩﺮﻛﺭﺎﻛ ﻦﻴﻨﭼ ﻖﻘﺤﺗ [25].ﺪﻨﻛ ﻢﻫﺍﺮﻓ ﺶﻴﻧﺎﺴﻧﺍ ﻱﻭﺮﻴﻧ ﻱﺎﻘﺗﺭﺍ ﻱﺍﺮﺑ ﻱﺎﻘﺗﺭﺍ ﻪﻛ ﺩﻮﺧ ﻲﻠﺻﺍ ﻑﺪﻫ ﺮﺑ ﻩﻭﻼﻋ ﺎﻫ ﻥﺎﺘــﺳﺭﺎﻤﻴﺑ ﻥﺎﻣﺯﺎﺳ ﻚﻳ ﻲﻋﻮﻧ ﻪﺑ ﺖﺳﺍ ﻥﺁ ﻦﻴﻣﺄﺗ ﻭ ﻦﻴﻤﻀﺗ ﻭ ﺖﻣﻼﺳ ﺎﺑ ﻞﻣﺎﻌﺗ ﺭﺩ ﻪﺘﺳﻮﻴﭘ ﻪﻛ ﻲﻧﺎﻣﺯﺎــﺳ ،ﺪﻨﺘــﺴﻫ ﺰﻴﻧ ﻩﺪﻧﺮﻴﮔﺩﺎﻳ ﻭ ﻪﺘﺧﺍﺩﺮﭘ ﺪﻳﺪﺟ ﺶﻧﺍﺩ ﻖﻠﺧ ﻪﺑ ،ﻩﺩﻮﺑ ﺩﻮﺧ ﻑﺍﺮﻃﺍ ﻂﻴﺤﻣ ﻩﺩﺍﺩ ﺭﺍﺮﻗ ﻲﻃﺎﺒﺗﺭﺍ ﻱﺎﻫ ﻪﻜﺒﺷ ﺭﺩ ﻪﭼﺭﺎﭙﻜﻳ ﻱﺍ ﻪﻧﻮﮔ ﻪﺑ ﺍﺭ ﻥﺁ .ﺪﻨﻳﺎﻤﻧ ﻩﺩﺎﻔﺘﺳﺍ ﺎﻫ ﺵﺯﺭﺍ ﻦﻳﺍ ﺯﺍ ﻲﻧﺎــﺳﺁ ﻪﺑ ﺰﻴﻧ ﻥﺍﺮﮕﻳﺩ ﺎﺗ ﺵﺯﻮﻣﺁ ﺮﺑ ﺕﺎﻴﺣ ،ﻥﺎﺘﺳﺭﺎﻤﻴﺑ ﺪﻨﻧﺎﻣ ﻲﻧﺎﻣﺯﺎــﺳ ﺭﺩ ﻊﻗﺍﻭﺭ ﺩ ﻪﺑ ﺍﺭ ﻥﺎﻣﺯﺎﺳ ﻥﺍﻮﺗ ﻲﻣ ﻩﺍﺭ ﻦﻴﻤﻫ ﺯﺍ ﻂﻘﻓ ﻭ ﺖــﺳﺍ ﺮﻤﺘــﺴﻣ .ﺪﻴــﺸﺨﺑ ﺩﻮﺒﻬﺑ ﻭ ءﺎﻘﺗﺭﺍ ،ﻮﺟ ﻑﺪﻫ ﻭ ﺯﺎﺑ ﻢﺘــﺴﻴﺳ ﻥﺍﻮﻨﻋ ﻦﻴﺑ ﻪﻄﺑﺍﺭ ﻲــﺳﺭﺮﺑ ﻑﺪﻫ ﺎﺑ ﺶﻫﻭﮋﭘ ﻦﻳﺍ ﻭﺭ ﻦﻳﺍ ﺯﺍ [26]

ﺶﻧﺍﺩ ﺖﻳﺮﻳﺪﻣ ﻭ ﻲﻧﺎﻣﺯﺎــﺳ ﻱﺮﻴﮔﺩﺎﻳ ﻱﺎــﻫ ﻪﻔﻟﺆﻣ ﻥﺍﺰﻴﻣ 1388 ﻝﺎﺳ ﺭﺩ ﻥﺎﻬﻔﺻﺍ ﺮﻬﺷ ﺐﺨﺘﻨﻣ ﻱﺎﻫ ﻥﺎﺘــﺳﺭﺎﻤﻴﺑ ﺭﺩ .ﺖﺳﺍ ﻪﺘﻓﺮﮔ ﺕﺭﻮﺻ ﻲﺳﺭﺮﺑ ﺵﻭﺭ ﺖﺳﺍ ﻲﮕﺘﺴﺒﻤﻫ - ﻲﻔﻴﺻﻮﺗ ﺕﺎﻘﻴﻘﺤﺗ ﻉﻮﻧ ﺯﺍ ﻖﻴﻘﺤﺗ ﻦﻳﺍ ﺐﺨﺘﻨﻣ ﻱﺎﻫ ﻥﺎﺘﺳﺭﺎﻤﻴﺑ ﻥﺎﻨﻛﺭﺎﻛ ﻪﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣ ﺩﺭﻮﻣ ﺖﻴﻌﻤﺟ ﻪﻛ ﻲﻓﺩﺎﺼﺗ ﺕﺭﻮﺻ ﻪﺑ ﻱﺮﻴﮔ ﻪﻧﻮﻤﻧﻭ .ﺪﺷﺎﺑ ﻲﻣ ﻥﺎﻬﻔﺻﺍ ﺮﻬــﺷ .ﺪﺷﺎﺑ ﻲﻣ ﻱﺮﻴﮔﺩﺎﻳ ﻪﻣﺎﻨــﺸﺳﺮﭘ ﻭﺩ ﻞﻣﺎــﺷ ﻥﺁ ﻱﺭﻭﺁ ﻊﻤﺟ ﺭﺍﺰﺑﺍ ﻭ ﮋﻣﻮﮔ ﻖﻴﻘﺤﺗ ،ﻩﺩﺎﻔﺘــﺳﺍ ﺩﺭﻮﻣ ﻪﻣﺎﻨــﺸﺳﺮﭘ ﻪﻛ ﻲﻧﺎﻣﺯﺎــﺳ ﻱﺮﻴﮔﺩﺎﻳ ﻱﺍﺮﺑ ﺖﻳﺮﻳﺪﻣ ﺪﻬﻌﺗ) ﻞﻣﺎﺷ ﻪﻛ ﻩﺩﻮﺑ ﺶﻧﺍﺭﺎﻜﻤﻫ ﻝﺎﻘﺘﻧﺍ ،ﻱﺮﮕﺸﻳﺎﻣﺯﺁ ﻭ ﺯﺎﺑ ﻱﺎﻀﻓ ،ﻲﻤﺘﺴﻴﺳ ﺪﻳﺩ ،ﻲﻧﺎﻣﺯﺎﺳ ﻪﻣﺎﻨــﺸﺳﺮﭘ ﻪﻛ ﻦﻳﺍ ﻪﺑ ﻪﺟﻮﺗ ﺎﺑ (ﺶﻧﺍﺩ ﻱﺯﺎــﺳ ﻪﭼﺭﺎﭙﻜﻳ ﻭ ﺕﻻﺍﺆﺳ ،ﻩﺩﻮﺑ ﻲﺘﻛﺮﺷ ﻥﺍﺮﻳﺪﻣ ﺯﺍ ﻲﺠﻨﺳ ﺮﻈﻧ ﻱﺍﺮﺑ ﻲﻠﺻﺍ ﻥﺎﺘﺳﺭﺎﻤﻴﺑ ﻂﻴﺤﻣ ﺐﺳﺎﻨﻣ ﻪﻛ ﺖﺳﺍ ﻩﺪﺷ ﺡﻼﺻﺍ ﻱﺭﻮﻃ ﻪﺑ ﺐﺣﺎﺻ ﺮﻈﻧ ﺯﺍ ﻪﻣﺎﻨــﺸﺳﺮﭘ ﻲﻳﺍﻭﺭ ﺶﺠﻨﺳ ﺖﻬﺟ .ﺪــﺷﺎﺑ ﻚﻳ ﺎﺑ ﺮﮕﺸﻫﻭﮋﭘ ﺲﭙــﺳ ﻭ .ﻢﻴﺘﻓﺮﮔ ﻩﺮﻬﺑ ﺖﻳﺮﻳﺪﻣ ﻥﺍﺮﻈﻧ ﻲﻳﺎﻳﺎﭘ ﺐﻳﺮﺿ ﻭ ﻩﺩﺍﺩ ﻡﺎــﺠﻧﺍ ﺕﻮﻠﻳﺎﭘ ﻪﻴﻟﻭﺍ ﻱﺮﮕــﺸﺳﺮﭘ (r=0.87) ﻥﺁ ﺥﺎــﺒﻧﻭﺮﻛ α ﻥﺍﺰﻴﻣ ﻪﻛ ﻩﺪــﺷ ﻪﺒــﺳﺎﺤﻣ ﻥﺁ .ﺪﺷﺎﺑ ﻲﻣ ﻩﺩﻮﺑ ﺶﻧﺍﺩ ﺖــﻳﺮﻳﺪﻣ ﻪــﺑ ﻁﻮﺑﺮﻣ ﺮــﮕﻳﺩ ﻪﻣﺎﻨــﺸﺳﺮﭘ ،ﺖﺒﺛ ،ﺩﺎﺠﻳﺍ) ﻪﻔﻟﺆﻣ ﺞﻨﭘ ﺱﺎــﺳﺍ ﺮﺑ ﻭ ﻪﺘﺧﺎــﺳ ﻖﻘﺤﻣ ﻪﻛ ﺮﮕﺸﻫﻭﮋﭘ ﻂﺳﻮﺗ ﻭ ﻩﺩﻮﺑ (ﺶﻧﺍﺩ ﺩﺮﺑﺭﺎﻛ ﻭ ﺭﺎﺸﺘﻧﺍ ،ﺶﻳﻻﺎﭘ ﻪﻣﺎﻨﺸﺳﺮﭘ ﻪﻴﻟﻭﺍ ﻱﺮﮕــﺸﺳﺮﭘ ﻚﻳ ﺎﺑ ﻭ ﻩﺪﺷ ﻱﺯﺎــﺳ ﻲﻣﻮﺑ ﻥﺍﺰﻴﻣ ﻪﻛ ﻩﺪﺷ ﻪﺒﺳﺎﺤﻣ ﻥﺁ ﻲﻳﺎﻳﺎﭘ ﺐﻳﺮﺿ ﻭ ﻩﺪــﺷ ﺕﻮﻠﻳﺎﭘ .(r=0.93) ﺖﺳﺍ ﻩﺪﺷ ﻪﺒﺳﺎﺤﻣ ﻥﺁ ﺥﺎﺒﻧﻭﺮﻛ α ،ﺕﺍﺮﻈﻧ ﺲﻧﺎﻳﺭﺍﻭ ﻦﻴﻴﻌﺗ ﻭ ﻲــﺸﻳﺎﻣﺯﺁ ﻪﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣ ﺯﺍ ﺲــﭘ ﻱﺪﻨﺑ ﻪﻘﺒﻃ ﻲﻓﺩﺎﺼﺗ ﻱﺮــﻴﮔ ﻪﻧﻮﻤﻧ ﻪﻠﻴــﺳﻭ ﻪﺑ ﻪﻧﻮﻤﻧ ﻢﺠﺣ ﻥﺎﺘﺳﺭﺎﻤﻴﺑ ﻪــﺳ) ﻥﺎﻬﻔﺻﺍ ﺮﻬﺷ ﻥﺎﺘــﺳﺭﺎﻤﻴﺑ ﺞﻨﭘ ﺭﺩ ﻩﺪــﺷ ﺩﺍﺪﻌﺗ .ﺪﻳﺩﺮﮔ ﻦﻴﻴﻌﺗ (ﻲﺻﻮﺼﺧ ﻥﺎﺘــﺳﺭﺎﻤﻴﺑ ﻭﺩ ﻭ ﻲﺘﻟﻭﺩ ،ﺪﺻﺭﺩ ﺞﻨﭘ ﻱﺎﻄﺧ ﺢﻄــﺳ ﺭﺩ ﻩﺪﻣﺁ ﺖــﺳﺩ ﻪﺑ ﻱﺎﻫ ﻪﻧﻮﻤﻧ ﺩﺍﺪﻌﺗ ﻦﻳﺍ ﺱﺎــﺳﺍ ﻦﻳﺍ ﺮﺑ ﻪﻛ ﺖــﺳﺍ ﻩﺪﻣﺁ ﺖــﺳﺩ ﻪﺑ 196 .ﺪﺷ ﻩﺩﺍﺩ ﺦــﺳﺎﭘ ﺎﻫ ﻥﺁ ﺯﺍ ﺎﺗ 180 ﻪﺑ ﻭ ﻊﻳﺯﻮﺗ ﻪﻣﺎﻨــﺸﺳﺮﭘ ﺖﻬﺟ .ﺖــﺳﺍ ﻩﺩﻮﺑ 1388 ﻝﺎــﺳ ﺶﻫﻭﮋﭘ ﻦﻳﺍ ﻡﺎﺠﻧﺍ ﻥﺎﻣﺯ .ﺖﺳﺍ ﻩﺪﺷ ﻩﺩﺎﻔﺘﺳﺍ ^SPSS ﺭﺍﺰﻓﺍ ﻡﺮﻧ ﺯﺍ ﺕﺎﻋﻼﻃﺍ ﻞﻴﻠﺤﺗ

(5)

(42) 13 ؛1389 ﺖﻣﻼﺳ ﺖﻳﺮﻳﺪﻣ

ﺎﻫ ﻪﺘﻓﺎﻳ ﺱﺎﺳﺍ ﺮﺑ ﻪﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣ ﺩﺭﻮﻣ ﻱﺎﻫ ﻥﺎﺘﺳﺭﺎﻤﻴﺑ ﻥﺎﻨﻛﺭﺎﻛ ﻉﻮﻤﺠﻣ ﺯﺍ ﺭﺩ ﺶﻫﻭﮋﭘ ﻪﻧﻮﻤﻧ ﻥﺍﻮــﻨﻋ ﻪﺑ ﺮﻔﻧ 190 ﺩﺍﺪﻌﺗ ﻱﺭﺎﻤــﺷﺮﺳ .ﺪﻧﺍ ﻩﺩﻮﻤﻧ ﺖﻛﺮﺷ ﻲﺸﻫﻭﮋﭘ ﺡﺮﻃ ﻦﻳﺍ - 31.4 ﻭ ﻥﺯ ﻥﺎﻨﻛﺭﺎﻛ ﺪﺻﺭﺩ 56.4 ﺲــﻨﺟ ﺮﻴﻐﺘﻣ ﺮﻈﻧ ﺯﺍ

.ﺪﻧﺍ ﻩﺩﻮﺑ ﺩﺮﻣ ﺎﻫ ﻥﺁ ﺪﺻﺭﺩ ﺢﻄــﺳ ﺭﺩ ﺪﺻﺭﺩ 4.5ﻲﻠﻴﺼﺤﺗ ﺖﻴﻌﺿﻭ ﺮﻴﻐﺘﻣ ﺮــﻈﻧ ﺯﺍ- ﺢﻄــﺳ ﺭﺩ ﺎﻫ ﻥﺁ ﺪﺻﺭﺩ 53.8 ،ﺮﺗﻻﺎﺑ ﻭ ﺲﻧﺎــﺴﻴﻟ ﻕﻮﻓ ﻭ ﻢﻠﭙﻳﺩ ﻕﻮﻓ ﺢﻄــﺳ ﺭﺩ ﺎﻫ ﻥﺁ ﺪﺻﺭﺩ 22.4 ﻭ ﺲﻧﺎــﺴﻴﻟ .ﺪﻧﺍ ﻩﺩﻮﺑ ﻥﺁ ﺮﻳﺯ ﻥﺎﻨﻛﺭﺎﻛﺪﺻﺭﺩ 48.8 ﻲﻣﺍﺪﺨﺘﺳﺍ ﺖﻴﻌﺿﻭ ﺮﻴﻐﺘﻣ ﺮﻈﻧ ﺯﺍ- ﻱﺩﺍﺩﺭﺍﺮﻗ ﺪﺻﺭﺩ 35.5 ﻭ ﻲﻧﺎﻤﻴﭘ ﺪﺻﺭﺩ 10.9 ،ﻲﻤــﺳﺭ

.ﺪﻧﺍ ﻩﺩﻮﺑ ،ﻝﺎﺳ 20-30 ﻦﻴﺑ ﺎﻫ ﻥﺁ ﺪﺻﺭﺩ 24.4 ﻦﺳ ﺮﻴﻐﺘﻣ ﺮﻈﻧ ﺯﺍ- ﺪﺻﺭﺩ 20.5 ﻭ ﻝﺎــﺳ 31-40 ﻦﻴﺑ ﺎﻫ ﻥﺁ ﺪــﺻﺭﺩ 25.6 50 ﺯﺍ ﺮﺗﻻﺎﺑ ﺎﻫ ﻥﺁ ﺪﺻﺭﺩ 4.5 ﻭ ﻝﺎﺳ 41-50 ﻦﻴﺑ ﺎﻫ ﻥﺁ .ﺪﻧﺍ ﻩﺩﻮﺑ ﻝﺎﺳ ﺮﺘﻤﻛ ﻥﺎﻨﻛﺭﺎﻛﺪﺻﺭﺩ 18.6 ﻱﺭﺎﻛ ﻪﻘﺑﺎــﺳ ﻥﺍﺰﻴﻣ ﺮــﻈﻧ ﺯﺍ- 10.3 ،ﻝﺎﺳ 5-10 ﻦﻴﺑ ﺎﻫ ﻥﺁ ﺪﺻﺭﺩ 19.2 ،ﻝﺎــﺳ ﺞﻨﭘ ﺯﺍ ﻦﻴﺑ ﺎﻫ ﻥﺁ ﺪﺻﺭﺩ 13.5 ،ﻝﺎــﺳ 11-15 ﻦﻴﺑ ﺎﻫ ﻥﺁ ﺪﺻﺭﺩ ﻪﻘﺑﺎــﺳ ﺎﺑ ﻥﺎﻨﻛﺭﺎﻛ ﺪﺻﺭﺩ ﺪــﺻﺭﺩ 4.5 ،ﻝﺎــﺳ 16-20 ﺮﺗﻻﺎﺑ ﻱﺭﺎﻛ ﻪﻘﺑﺎﺳ ﺎﺑ ﺪﺻﺭﺩ 12.2 ﻭ 21-25 ﻦﻴﺑ ﻱﺭﺎﻛ .ﺪﻧﺍ ﻩﺩﻮﺑ ﻝﺎﺳ 25 ﺯﺍ

- 74.4 ،ﻱﺭﺍﺩﺍ ﺪﺻ ﺭﺩ 25.6 ﻲﻠﻐــﺷ ﻪﺘــﺳﺭ ﻉﻮﻧ ﺮﻈﻧ ﺯﺍ

.ﺪﻧﺍ ﻩﺩﻮﺑ ﻲﻧﺎﻣﺭﺩ ﻥﺎﻨﻛﺭﺎﻛ ﺪﺻﺭﺩ ﻭ 45.5 ﻥﺎﻧﺯ ﻦﻴﺑ ﺭﺩ ﻲﻧﺎﻣﺯﺎــﺳ ﻱﺮﻴﮔﺩﺎﻳ ﻩﺮﻤﻧ ﻦﻴﮕﻧﺎﻴﻣ- ﻭ ﻝﺎﻘﺘﻧﺍ ﻥﺎﻴﻣ ﻦﻳﺍ ﺭﺩ ﻪﻛ ﺪــﺷﺎﺑ ﻲﻣ 34.5 ﻥﺍﺩﺮﻣ ﻦﻴﺑ ﺭﺩ ﻲﻤﺘــﺴﻴﺳ ﺪﻳﺩ ﻦﻜﻴﻟﻭ ﺮﺗﻻﺎﺑ ﻥﺎﻧﺯ ﺭﺩ ﺶﻧﺍﺩ ﻲﮕﭼﺭﺎﭙﻜﻳ .ﺖﺳﺍ ﻩﺩﻮﺑ ﺮﺘﺸﻴﺑ ﻥﺍﺩﺮﻣ ﺭﺩ ﻱﺍﺭﺍﺩ ﺩﺍﺮﻓﺍ ﻦﻴﺑ ﺭﺩ ﻲﻧﺎﻣﺯﺎــﺳ ﻱﺮﻴﮔﺩﺎﻳ ﻩﺮﻤﻧ ﻦــﻴﮕﻧﺎﻴﻣ - ﻲﻨﺳ ﻱﺎﻫ ﻩﻭﺮﮔ ﻪﻴﻘﺑ ﺯﺍ ﺮﺘــﺸﻴﺑ ﻝﺎﺳ 50 ﺯﺍ ﺮﺗﻻﺎﺑ ﻦــﺳ

.ﺖﺳﺍ ﻩﺩﻮﺑ ﻱﺮﻴﮔﺩﺎﻳ ﻩﺮﻤﻧ ﻦﻳﺮﺗﻻﺎﺑ ﻱﺍﺭﺍﺩ ﻲﺻﻮﺼﺧ ﻱﺎﻫ ﻥﺎﺘﺳﺭﺎﻤﻴﺑ -

.ﺪﻧﺍ ﻩﺩﻮﺑ ﻲﻧﺎﻣﺯﺎﺳ ﻱﺍﺭﺍﺩ (ﻝﺎﺳ 25 ﺯﺍ ﺮﺘﺸﻴﺑ) ﺮﺗﻻﺎﺑ ﺭ ﺎﻛ ﻪﻘﺑﺎــﺳ ﺎﺑ ﻱﺩﺍﺮﻓﺍ-

.ﺪﻧﺍ ﻩﺩﻮﺑ ﻱﺮﺘﺸﻴﺑ ﻲﻧﺎﻣﺯﺎﺳ ﻱﺮﻴﮔﺩﺎﻳ ﻩﺮﻤﻧ ﻩﺮﻤﻧ ﻱﺍﺭﺍﺩ ﻱﺭﺍﺩﺍ ﻞﻨــﺳﺮﭘ ﻪﺑ ﺖﺒــﺴﻧ ﻲﻧﺎﻣﺭﺩ ﻞﻨــﺳﺮﭘ -

.ﺪﻧﺍ ﻩﺩﻮﺑ ﻱﺮﺘﺸﻴﺑ ﻲﻧﺎﻣﺯﺎﺳ ﻱﺮﻴﮔﺩﺎﻳ ﻊﻄﻘﻣ ﺎﺑ ﻥﺎــﻨﻛﺭﺎﻛ ﻦﻴﺑ ﺭﺩ ﻲﻧﺎﻣﺯﺎــﺳ ﻱﺮــﻴﮔﺩﺎﻳ ﻩﺮــﻤﻧ -

.ﺖﺳﺍ ﺮﺗﻻﺎﺑ ،ﺮﺘﺸﻴﺑ ﻭ ﺲﻧﺎﺴﻴﻟ ﻕﻮﻓ ﻲﻠﻴﺼﺤﺗ ﺮﻈﻨﻣ ﺯﺍ ﻥﺎﺘﺳﺭﺎﻤﻴﺑ ﻪﺑ ﺍﺭ ﻩﺮﻤﻧ ﻦﻳﺮﺘﺸﻴﺑ ﻲﻤﺳﺭ ﻥﺎﻨﻛﺭﺎﻛ -

.ﺪﻧﺍ ﻩﺩﺍﺩ ﻲﻧﺎﻣﺯﺎﺳ ﻱﺮﻴﮔﺩﺎﻳ ﺭﺎﻴﻌﻣ ﻑﺍﺮﺤﻧﺍ ﺎﺑ 38.9 ﺶــﻧﺍﺩ ﺖﻳﺮﻳﺪﻣ ﻩﺮﻤﻧ ﻦــﻴﮕﻧﺎﻴﻣ- ﻭ ﺶﻧﺍﺩ ﺖﺒﺛ ﻪﺑ ﻁﻮﺑﺮﻣ ﻩﺮﻤﻧ ﻦﻳﺮﺗﻻﺎﺑ .ﺪــﺷﺎﺑ ﻲﻣ 20.1

.ﺖﺳﺍ ﺶﻧﺍﺩ ﺶﻳﻻﺎﭘ ﻪﺑ ﻁﻮﺑﺮﻣ ﻩﺮﻤﻧ ﻦﻳﺮﺘﻤﻛ ﻲﻨﺳ ﻱﺎﻫ ﻩﻭﺮﮔ ﻪﻴﻘﺑ ﺯﺍ ﻝﺎﺳ 50 ﺯﺍ ﺮﺗﻻﺎﺑ ﻦﺳ ﻱﺍﺭﺍﺩ ﺩﺍﺮﻓﺍ-

.ﺪﻧﺍ ﻩﺩﻮﺑ ﻱﺮﺗﻻﺎﺑ ﺶﻧﺍﺩ ﺖﻳﺮﻳﺪﻣ ﻩﺮﻤﻧ ﻱﺍﺭﺍﺩ ﻥﺎﺘﺳﺭﺎﻤﻴﺑ ﺭﺩ (ﻝﺎــﺳ 25 ﺯﺍ ﺮﺘــﺸﻴﺑ) ﺮﺗﻻﺎﺑ ﺭ ﺎﻛ ﻪﻘﺑﺎــﺳ ﺎﺑ ﻱﺩﺍﺮﻓﺍ- ﺶﻧﺍﺩ ﺖــﻳﺮﻳﺪﻣ ﺮــﻈﻧ ﺯﺍ ﻱﺮــﺗﻻﺎﺑ ﻩﺮــﻤﻧ ﻥﺎﺘــﺳﺭﺎﻤﻴﺑ

.ﺪﻧﺍ ﻪﺘﺷﺍﺩ ﺖﻳﺮﻳﺪﻣ ﺮﻈﻧ ﺯﺍ ﻱﺮــﺗﻻﺎﺑ ﻩﺮﻤﻧ ﻱﺍﺭﺍﺩ ﻲﻧﺎﻣﺭﺩ ﻞﻨــﺳﺮﭘ -

.ﺪﻧﺍ ﻩﺩﻮﺑ ﺶﻧﺍﺩ ﻲﺼﺼﺨﺗ ﻱﺮﺘﻛﺩ ﻊﻄﻘﻣ ﺭﺩ ﺕﻼﻴﺼﺤﺗ ﻱﺍﺭﺍﺩ ﻥﺎــﻨﻛﺭﺎﻛ - ﺶﻧﺍﺩ ﺖﻳﺮﻳﺪﻣ ﺪﻌﺑ ﺯﺍ ﻥﺎﺘﺳﺭﺎﻤﻴﺑ ﻪﺑ ﺍﺭ ﻩﺮﻤﻧ ﻦﻳﺮﺘــﺸﻴﺑ

.ﺪﻧﺍ ﻩﺩﺍﺩ ﻲﺼﺼﺨﺗ ﻱﺮﺘﻛﺩ ﻊﻄﻘﻣ ﺭﺩ ﺕﻼﻴﺼﺤﺗ ﻱﺍﺭﺍﺩ ﻥﺎــﻨﻛﺭﺎﻛ - ﺶﻧﺍﺩ ﺖﻳﺮﻳﺪﻣ ﺪﻌﺑ ﺯﺍ ﻥﺎﺘﺳﺭﺎﻤﻴﺑ ﻪﺑ ﺍﺭ ﻩﺮﻤﻧ ﻦﻳﺮﺘــﺸﻴﺑ

.ﺪﻧﺍ ﻩﺩﺍﺩ ﺪﻌﺑ ﺯﺍ ﻥﺎﺘﺳﺭﺎﻤﻴﺑ ﻪﺑ ﺍﺭ ﻩﺮﻤﻧ ﻦﻳﺮﺘــﺸﻴﺑ ﻲﻤﺳﺭ ﻞﻨــﺳﺮﭘ -

.ﺪﻧﺍ ﻩﺩﺍﺩ ﺶﻧﺍﺩ ﺖﻳﺮﻳﺪﻣ ﺖﻳﺮﻳﺪﻣ ﺹﻮﺼﺧ ﺭﺩ ﻱﺮﺘــﺸﻴﺑ ﻩﺮﻤﻧ ﻦﻴﮕﻧﺎﻴﻣ ﻥﺍﺩﺮــﻣ -

.ﺪﻧﺍ ﻪﺘﺷﺍﺩ ﺪﻨﻣﺭﺎﻛ ﻥﺎﻧﺯ ﻪﺑ ﺖﺒﺴﻧ ﺶﻧﺍﺩ :ﺩﺩﺮﮔ ﻲﻣ ﻩﺪﻫﺎﺸﻣ 1 ﻝﻭﺪﺟ ﺭﺩ ﻪﭽﻧﺎﻨﭼ ﺭﺎﻴﻌﻣ ﻑﺍﺮﺤﻧﺍ ﺎﺑ 38.2 ﻲﻧﺎﻣﺯﺎﺳ ﻱﺮﻴﮔﺩﺎﻳ ﻩﺮﻤﻧ ﻦﻴﮕﻧﺎﻴﻣ-

.ﺪﺷﺎﺑ ﻲﻣ 22.7 ﻱﺯﺎــﺳ ﻪﭼﺭﺎﭙﻜﻳ ﻭ ﻝﺎﻘﺘﻧﺍ ﺹﻮﺼﺧ ﺭﺩ ﻩﺮﻤﻧ ﻦــﻳﺮﺗﻻﺎﺑ - ﻱﺍﺮﺑ ﺖﻳﺮﻳﺪﻣ ﺪﻬﻌﺗ ﺪﻌﺑ ﺯﺍ ﻩﺮﻤﻧ ﻦﻳﺮﺘﻤﻛ ﻭ ﻩﺩﻮﺑ ﺶﻧﺍﺩ

.ﺪﺷﺎﺑ ﻲﻣ ﻲﻧﺎﻣﺯﺎﺳ ﻱﺮﻴﮔﺩﺎﻳ ﺭﺎﻴﻌﻣ ﻑﺍﺮﺤﻧﺍ ﺎﺑ 39.9 ﺶــﻧﺍﺩ ﺖﻳﺮﻳﺪﻣ ﻩﺮﻤﻧ ﻦــﻴﮕﻧﺎﻴﻣ- ،ﻦﻴﮕﻧﺎﻴﻣ ﻦﻳﺮﺗﻻﺎﺑ ﻱﺍﺭﺍﺩ ﺶــﻧﺍﺩ ﺖﺒﺛ ﻪــﻛ ،ﻩﺩﻮﺑ 20.1 ﺩﺎﻌﺑﺍ ﻦﻴﺑ ﺭﺩ ﻩﺮــﻤﻧ ﻦﻳﺮﺘﻤﻛ ﻱﺍﺭﺍﺩ ﺶــﻧﺍﺩ ﺶــﻳﻻﺎﭘ ﻭ .ﺖﺳﺍ ﻩﺩﻮﺑ ﺶﻧﺍﺩ ﺖﻳﺮﻳﺪﻣ

(6)

(42) 13 ؛1389 ﺖﻣﻼﺳ ﺖﻳﺮﻳﺪﻣ

:ﺪﻫﺩ ﻲﻣ ﻥﺎﺸﻧ 2 ﻝﻭﺪﺟ ﺞﻳﺎﺘﻧ ﻪﻄﺑﺍﺭ ﺶﻧﺍﺩ ﺩﺎﺠﻳﺍ ﻭ ﻲﻧﺎﻣﺯﺎــﺳ ﻱﺮﻴﮔﺩﺎﻳ ﻱﺎﻫ ﺮﻴﻐﺘﻣ ﻦﻴﺑ -

.(^r=0.787 ﻭ ^p=0.00) ﺩﺭﺍﺩ ﺩﻮﺟﻭ ﻱﺭﺍﺩﺎﻨﻌﻣ ﻪﻄﺑﺍﺭ ﺶﻧﺍﺩ ﺖﺒﺛ ﺎﺑ ﻲﻧﺎﻣﺯﺎــﺳ ﻱﺮﻴﮔﺩﺎﻳ ﻱﺎﻫ ﻪﻔﻟﺆﻣ ﻦﻴﺑ -

.(^r=0.828 ﻭ ^p=0.00) ﺩﺭﺍﺩ ﺩﻮﺟﻭ ﻱﺭﺍﺩﺎﻨﻌﻣ ﻱﺭﺍﺩﺎﻨﻌﻣ ﻪﻄﺑﺍﺭ ﺶﻧﺍﺩ ﺶﻳﻻﺎﭘ ﺎﺑ ﻲﻧﺎﻣﺯﺎﺳ ﻱﺮﻴﮔﺩﺎﻳ ﻦﻴﺑ -

.(^r=0.839 ﻭ ^p=0.001) ﺩﺭﺍﺩ ﺩﻮﺟﻭ ﻱﺭﺍﺩ ﺎﻨﻌﻣ ﻪﻄﺑﺍﺭ ﺶﻧﺍﺩ ﺭﺎﺸﺘﻧﺍ ﺎﺑ ﻲﻧﺎﻣﺯﺎﺳ ﻱﺮﻴﮔﺩﺎﻳ ﻦﻴﺑ -

.(^r=0.836ﻭ ^p=0.00) ﺩﺭﺍﺩ ﺩﻮﺟﻭ ﺶﻧﺍﺩ ﺖﻳﺮﻳﺪﻣ ﻭ ﺶﻧﺍﺩ ﺩﺮﺑﺭﺎﻛ ﺎﺑ ﻲﻧﺎﻣﺯﺎﺳ ﻱﺮﻴﮔﺩﺎﻳ ﻦﻴﺑ -

.(r=0.184 ﻭ p=0.001) ﺩﺭﺍﺩ ﺩﻮﺟﻭ ﻱﺭﺍﺩﺎﻨﻌﻣ ﻪﻄﺑﺍﺭ :ﺩﺩﺮﮔ ﻲﻣ ﻩﺪﻫﺎﺸﻣ 3 ﻝﻭﺪﺟ ﺭﺩ ﻪﭽﻧﺁ ﻦﻴﺑ ﻱﺭﺍﺩﺎﻨﻌﻣ ﻪــﻄﺑﺍﺭ ﺖــﺴﺗ ^t ﻱﺭﺎﻣﺁ ﻥﻮﻣﺯﺁ ﻚﻤﻛ ﺎﺑ-

.ﺩﺭﺍﺩ ﺩﻮﺟﻭ ﻲﻧﺎﻣﺯﺎﺳ ﻱﺮﻴﮔﺩﺎﻳ ﻥﺍﺰﻴﻣ ﻭ ﺖﻴﺴﻨﺟ ﻦﻴﺑ ﻱﺭﺍﺩﺎﻨﻌﻣ ﻪﻄﺑﺍﺭ ^ANOVA ﻱﺭﺎﻣﺁ ﻥﻮــﻣﺯﺁ ﻚﻤﻛ ﺎﺑ-

.ﺩﺭﺍﺪﻧ ﺩﻮﺟﻭ ﻲﻧﺎﻣﺯﺎﺳ ﻱﺮﻴﮔﺩﺎﻳ ﻭ ﻦﺳ ﻭﺩ ﻦﻴﺑ ﻱﺭﺍﺩﺎﻨﻌﻣ ﻪﻄﺑﺍﺭ ^ANOVA ﻱﺭﺎﻣﺁ ﻥﻮﻣﺯﺁ ﻚﻤﻛ ﺎﺑ-

.ﺩﺭﺍﺩ ﺩﻮﺟﻭ ﻲﻠﻐﺷ ﻪﺘﺳﺭ ﻉﻮﻧ ﻭ ﻲﻧﺎﻣﺯﺎﺳ ﻱﺮﻴﮔﺩﺎﻳ ﻪﻔﻟﺆﻣ

ﺎﻫ ﻥﺁ ﺩﺎﻌﺑﺍ ﻭ ﻲﻧﺎﻣﺯﺎﺳ ﻱﺮﻴﮔﺩﺎﻳ ﻭ ﺶﻧﺍﺩ ﺖﻳﺮﻳﺪﻣ ﺭﺎﻴﻌﻣ ﻑﺍﺮﺤﻧﺍ ﻭ ﻦﻴﮕﻧﺎﻴﻣ :1ﻝﻭﺪﺟ

ﺮﻴﻐﺘﻣ ﻡﺎﻧ

ﻱﺍﺮﺑ ﺖﻳﺮﻳﺪﻣ ﺪﻬﻌﺗ ﻲﻧﺎﻣﺯﺎﺳ ﻱﺮﻴﮔﺩﺎﻳ

ﻲﻤﺘﺴﻴﺳ ﺪﻳﺩ

ﻭ ﺯﺎﺑ ﻱﺎﻀﻓ ﻱﺮﮕﺸﻳﺎﻣﺯﺁ

ﻭ ﻝﺎﻘﺘﻧﺍ ﺶﻧﺍﺩ ﻱﺯﺎﺳ ﻪﭼﺭﺎﭙﻜﻳ

ﻲﻧﺎﻣﺯﺎﺳ ﻱﺮﻴﮔﺩﺎﻳ

ﺶﻧﺍﺩ ﺩﺎﺠﻳﺍ

ﺶﻧﺍﺩ ﺖﺒﺛ

ﺶﻧﺍﺩ ﺶﻳﻻﺎﭘ

ﺶﻧﺍﺩ ﺭﺎﺸﺘﻧﺍ

ﺶﻧﺍﺩ ﺩﺮﺑﺭﺎﻛ

ﺶﻧﺍﺩ ﺖﻳﺮﻳﺪﻣ

ﻦﻴﮕﻧﺎﻴﻣ 35.7

39.6 37.6

42.8 38.2

39.9 44.4

1.37 43.6

38.2 39.9

ﻑﺍﺮﺤﻧﺍ ﺭﺎﻴﻌﻣ 24.2

24 24.4

25.6 22.7

20.8 21.8

24.2 22.3

21.2 20.1

ﺎﻫ ﻥﺁ ﺩﺎﻌﺑﺍ ﻭ ﺶﻧﺍﺩ ﺖﻳﺮﻳﺪﻣ ﻭ ﻲﻧﺎﻣﺯﺎﺳ ﻱﺮﻴﮔﺩﺎﻳ ﻦﻴﺑ ﻪﻄﺑﺍﺭ ﻲﺳﺭﺮﺑ :2 ﻝﻭﺪﺟ

ﺩﺎﻌﺑﺍ ﻱﺍﺮﺑ ﺖﻳﺮﻳﺪﻣ ﺪﻬﻌﺗ

ﻲﻧﺎﻣﺯﺎﺳ ﻱﺮﻴﮔﺩﺎﻳ ﻲﻤﺘﺴﻴﺳ ﺪﻳﺩ

ﻱﺮﮕﺸﻳﺎﻣﺯﺁ ﻭ ﺯﺎﺑ ﻱﺎﻀﻓ ﻱﺯﺎﺳ ﻪﭼﺭﺎﭙﻜﻳ ﻭ ﻝﺎﻘﺘﻧﺍ

ﻲﻧﺎﻣﺯﺎﺳ ﻱﺮﻴﮔﺩﺎﻳ ﺶﻧﺍﺩ

ﺶﻧﺍﺩ ﺖﻳﺮﻳﺪﻣ r=0.567

p=0.00 r=0.859

p=0.00 r=0.457

p=0.003 r=0.569

p=0.002 r=0.484

p=0.001

ﺶﻧﺍﺩ ﺖﺒﺛ r=0.762

p=0.002 r=0.725

p=0.004 r=0.815

p=0.00 r=0.689

p=0.003 r=0.828

p=0.00

ﺶﻧﺍﺩ ﺶﻳﻻﺎﭘ r=0.786

p=0.00 r=0.757

p=0.00 r=0.795

p=0.00 r=0.727

p=0.00 r=0.839

p=0.001

ﺶﻧﺍﺩ ﺩﺎﺠﻳﺍ r=0.737

p=0.00 r=0.703

p=0.00 r=0.765

p=0.00 r=0.683

p=0.00 r=0.787

p=0.00

ﺶﻧﺍﺩ ﺭﺎﺸﺘﻧﺍ r=0.786

p=0.00 r=0.757

p=0.00 r=0.795

p=0.004 r=0.727

p=0.00 r=0.836

p=0.00

ﺶﻧﺍﺩ ﺩﺮﺑﺭﺎﻛ r=0.337

p=0.00 r=0.259

p=0.00 r=0.670

p=0.264 r=0.169

p=0.002 r=0.184

p=0.001

(7)

(42) 13 ؛1389 ﺖﻣﻼﺳ ﺖﻳﺮﻳﺪﻣ

ﻦﻴﺑ ﻱﺭﺍﺩﺎﻨﻌﻣ ﻪﻄﺑﺍﺭ ^ANOVA ﻱﺭﺎﻣﺁ ﻥﻮــﻣﺯﺁ ﻚﻤﻛ ﺎﺑ- .ﺩﺭﺍﺪﻧ ﺩﻮﺟﻭ ﻲﻠﻴﺼﺤﺗ ﻊﻃﺎﻘﻣ ﻭ ﻲﻧﺎﻣﺯﺎﺳ ﻱﺮﻴﮔﺩﺎﻳ ﻦﻴﺑ ﻱﺭﺍﺩﺎﻨﻌﻣ ﻪﻄﺑﺍﺭ ^ANOVA ﻱﺭﺎﻣﺁ ﻥﻮــﻣﺯﺁ ﻚﻤﻛ ﺎﺑ- ﺩﻮﺟﻭ ﻪﻔﻟﺆﻣ ﻭﺩ ﻡﺍﺪﺨﺘــﺳﺍ ﻉﻮﻧ ﻭ ﻲﻧﺎﻣﺯﺎــﺳ ﻱﺮﻴﮔﺩﺎﻳ

.ﺩﺭﺍﺩ ﻥﻮﻣﺯﺁ ﻅﺎﺤﻟ ﺯﺍ ﺭﺎﻛ ﻪﻘﺑﺎــﺳ ﺎﺑ ﻲﻧﺎﻣﺯﺎــﺳ ﻱﺮﻴﮔﺩﺎﻳ ﻦﻴﺑ - ﻪﻔﻟﺆﻣ ﻭﺩ ﻦﻳﺍ ﻦــﻴﺑ ﻱﺭﺍﺩﺎﻨﻌﻣ ﻪﻄﺑﺍﺭ ^ANOVA ﻱﺭﺎــﻣﺁ

.ﺩﺭﺍﺩ ﺩﻮﺟﻭ ﻦﻴﺑ ﻱﺭﺍﺩﺎﻨﻌﻣ ﻪــﻄﺑﺍﺭ ﺖــﺴﺗ ^t ﻱﺭﺎﻣﺁ ﻥﻮﻣﺯﺁ ﻚﻤﻛ ﺎﺑ-

.ﺩﺭﺍﺩ ﺩﻮﺟﻭ ﺶﻧﺍﺩ ﺖﻳﺮﻳﺪﻣ ﻭ ﺖﻴﺴﻨﺟ ﻦﻴﺑ ﻱﺭﺍﺩﺎﻨﻌﻣ ﻪﻄﺑﺍﺭ ^ANOVA ﻱﺭﺎﻣﺁ ﻥﻮــﻣﺯﺁ ﻚﻤﻛ ﺎﺑ-

.ﺩﺭﺍﺩ ﺩﻮﺟﻭ ﺶﻧﺍﺩ ﺖﻳﺮﻳﺪﻣ ﻭ ﻦﺳ ﻦﻴﺑ ﻱﺭﺍﺩﺎﻨﻌﻣ ﻪﻄﺑﺍﺭ ^ANOVA ﻱﺭﺎﻣﺁ ﻥﻮــﻣﺯﺁ ﻚﻤﻛ ﺎﺑ-

.ﺩﺭﺍﺩ ﺩﻮﺟﻭ ﻲﻠﻐﺷ ﻪﺘﺷﺭ ﻉﻮﻧ ﻭ ﺶﻧﺍﺩ ﺖﻳﺮﻳﺪﻣ ﻪﻔﻟﺆﻣ ﻭﺩ ﻭﺩ ﻦﻴﺑ ﻱﺭﺍﺩﺎﻨﻌﻣ ﻪﻄﺑﺍﺭ ^ANOVA ﻱﺭﺎﻣﺁ ﻥﻮﻣﺯﺁ ﻚﻤﻛ ﺎﺑ-

.ﺩﺭﺍﺪﻧ ﺩﻮﺟﻭ ﻲﻠﻴﺼﺤﺗ ﻊﻃﺎﻘﻣ ﻭ ﺶﻧﺍﺩ ﺖﻳﺮﻳﺪﻣ ﻪــﻔﻟﺆﻣ ﻦﻴﺑ ﻱﺭﺍﺩﺎﻨﻌﻣ ﻪﻄﺑﺍﺭ ^ANOVA ﻱﺭﺎﻣﺁ ﻥﻮــﻣﺯﺁ ﻚﻤﻛ ﺎﺑ-

.ﺩﺭﺍﺪﻧ ﺩﻮﺟﻭ ﻡﺍﺪﺨﺘﺳﺍ ﻉﻮﻧ ﻭ ﺶﻧﺍﺩ ﺖﻳﺮﻳﺪﻣ ﻪﻔﻟﺆﻣ ﻭﺩ ﻦﻴﺑ ﻱﺭﺍﺩﺎﻨﻌﻣ ﻪﻄﺑﺍﺭ ^ANOVA ﻱﺭﺎﻣﺁ ﻥﻮﻣﺯﺁ ﻚﻤﻛ ﺎﺑ

.ﺩﺭﺍﺩ ﺩﻮﺟﻭ ﺭﺎﻛ ﻪﻘﺑﺎﺳ ﻭ ﺶﻧﺍﺩ ﺖﻳﺮﻳﺪﻣ ﻪﻔﻟﺆﻣ ﻭﺩ ﻱﺮﻴﮔ ﻪﺠﻴﺘﻧ ﻭ ﺚﺤﺑ ﺭﺎﻴﻌﻣ ﻑﺍﺮﺤﻧﺍ ﺎﺑ 38.2 ﻲﻧﺎﻣﺯﺎــﺳ ﻱﺮﻴﮔﺩﺎﻳ ﻩﺮﻤﻧ ﻦﻴﮕﻧﺎﻴﻣ ﻱﺎﻫ ﻥﺎﺘﺳﺭﺎﻤﻴﺑ ﻒﻴﻌﺿ ﻩﺮﻤﻧ ﺯﺍ ﻲﻛﺎﺣ ﻪﻛ ﺪــﺷﺎﺑ ﻲﻣ 22.7 ﺮﮕﻧﺎﺸﻧ ﻭ ،ﺪﺷﺎﺑ ﻲﻣ ﻩﺪﻧﺮﻴﮔﺩﺎﻳ ﻂﻴﺤﻣ ﻚﻳ ﺮﻈﻨﻣ ﺯﺍ ﻥﺎﻬﻔﺻﺍ ﻥﺪﺷ ﻩﺪﻧﺮﻴﮔﺩﺎﻳ ﺖﻤﺳ ﻪﺑ ﺎﻫ ﻥﺎﺘﺳﺭﺎﻤﻴﺑ ﻦﻳﺍ ﺖﻛﺮﺣ ﻪﺑ ﺯﺎﻴﻧ ﻝﺎﻘﺘﻧﺍ ﺹﻮﺼﺧ ﺭﺩ ﻩﺮــﻤﻧ ﻦﻳﺮﺗﻻﺎﺑ ﻲــﻓﺮﻃ ﺯﺍ .ﺪــﺷﺎﺑ ﻲﻣ ﻲﻠﺧﺍﺩ ﻊﻧﺍﻮﻣ ﺪﻧﺍﻮﺗ ﻲﻣ ﻪﻛ،ﻩﺩﻮﺑ ﺶﻧﺍﺩ ﻱﺯﺎــﺳ ﻪﭼﺭﺎﭙﻜﻳ ﻭ ﻩﺮﻤﻧ ﻦﻳﺮﺘﻤﻛﻭ .ﺪﻳﺎﻤﻧ ﻑﺬﺣ ﻥﺎﻣﺯﺎــﺳ ﻥﻭﺭﺩ ﺭﺩ ﺍﺭ ﺶﻧﺍﺩ

.ﺪﺷﺎﺑ ﻲﻣ ﻲﻧﺎﻣﺯﺎــﺳ ﻱﺮﻴﮔﺩﺎﻳ ﻱﺍﺮﺑ ﺖﻳﺮﻳﺪﻣ ﺪﻬﻌﺗ ﺪﻌﺑ ﺯﺍ ﺭﺩ ﺍﺭ ﻲﮕﻨﻫﺮﻓ ،ﺎﻫ ﻥﺎﺘــﺳﺭﺎﻤﻴﺑ ﻦﻳﺍ ﺭﺩ ﺖﻳﺮﻳﺪﻣ ﻊــﻗﺍﻭ ﺭﺩ ﻪﺑ ﺶﻧﺍﺩ ﻝﺎﻘﺘﻧﺍ ﻭ ﻖﻠﺧ ،ﺐــﺴﻛ ﻪﻛ ﻩﺩﻮﻤﻨﻧﺩﺎﺠﻳﺍ ﻥﺎﻣﺯﺎــﺳ .ﺩﻮﺷ ﻪﺘﻓﺮﮔ ﺮﻈﻧ ﺭﺩ ﻥﺎﻣﺯﺎﺳ ﺭﺩ ﻲﻧﺎﻴﻨﺑ ﺵﺯﺭﺍ ﻚﻳ ﻥﺍﻮﻨﻋ 45.5 ﻥﺎﻧﺯ ﻦﻴﺑ ﺭﺩ ﻲﻧﺎﻣﺯﺎﺳ ﻱﺮﻴﮔﺩﺎﻳ ﻩﺮﻤﻧ ﻦﻴﮕﻧﺎﻴﻣ - ﻩﺮﻤﻧ ﻦﻴﮕﻧﺎﻴﻣ ﻊــﻗﺍﻭ ﺭﺩ ﺪــﺷﺎﺑ ﻲﻣ 34.5 ﻥﺍﺩﺮﻣ ﻦــﻴﺑ ﺭﺩ ﻭ ﻦﻳﺍ ﺭﺩ ﻪﻛ ﻩﺩﻮــﺑ ﺮﺘــﺸﻴﺑ ﻥﺎﻧﺯ ﻦﻴﺑ ﺭﺩ ﻲﻧﺎﻣﺯﺎــﺳ ﻱﺮﻴﮔﺩﺎﻳ ﻦﻜﻴﻟﻭ ،ﺮﺗﻻﺎﺑ ﻥﺎﻧﺯ ﺭﺩ ﺶــﻧﺍﺩ ﻲﮕﭼﺭﺎﭙﻜﻳ ﻭ ﻝﺎﻘﺘﻧﺍ ﻥﺎــﻴﻣ .ﺖﺳﺍ ﻩﺩﻮﺑ ﺮﺘﺸﻴﺑ ﻥﺍﺩﺮﻣ ﺭﺩ ﻲﻤﺘﺴﻴﺳ ﺪﻳﺩ ﻲﺤﺿﺍﻭ ﺪﻳﺩ ﻥﺍﺩﺮﻣ ﻪﻛ ﺖﺳﺍ ﻥﺁ ﺯﺍ ﻲﻛﺎﺣ ﻪﻟﺄــﺴﻣ ﻦﻳﺍ ﻪﻧﻮﮕﭼ ﻪﻛ ﺪﻨﻧﺍﺩ ﻲﻣ ﻭ ﺪﻨﺷﺎﺑ ﻪﺘﺷﺍﺩ ﻥﺎﻣﺯﺎﺳ ﻑﺍﺪﻫﺍ ﻪﺑ ﺖﺒﺴﻧ ﻲﻳﺎﻧﺍﻮﺗ ﻥﺎﻧﺯ ﻭ .ﺩﺮﻛ ﻚﻤﻛ ﻑﺍﺪﻫﺍ ﻥﺁ ﻪﻌــﺳﻮﺗ ﻪﺑ ﻥﺍﻮﺗ ﻲﻣ ﺯﺍ .ﺪﻧﺭﺍﺩ ﻥﺎﻣﺯﺎﺳ ﺭﺩ ﺍﺭ ﺶﻧﺍﺩ ﺮــﺸﻧ ﻭ ﻝﺎﻘﺘﻧﺍ ﻊﻧﺍﻮﻣ ﻑﺬﺣ ﻦﻴﺑ ﻱﺭﺍﺩﺎﻨﻌﻣ ﻪﻄﺑﺍﺭ ﺖﺴﺗ ^t ﻱﺭﺎﻣﺁ ﻥﻮﻣﺯﺁ ﻚﻤﻛ ﺎﺑ ﻲﻓﺮﻃ .ﺩﺭﺍﺩ ﺩﻮﺟﻭ ﻲﻧﺎﻣﺯﺎﺳ ﻱﺮﻴﮔﺩﺎﻳ ﻥﺍﺰﻴﻣ ﻭ ﺖﻴﺴﻨﺟ ﺎﺑ 39.9 ﺶــﻧﺍﺩ ﺖﻳﺮﻳﺪﻣ ﻩﺮــﻤﻧ ﻦــﻴﮕﻧﺎﻴﻣ ﻲــﻓﺮﻃ ﺯﺍ ﻩﺩﻮﺑ ﻲﻔﻴﻌﺿ ﻩﺮــﻤﻧ ﻪﻛ ﺖــﺳﺍ ﻩﺩﻮﺑ 20.1 ﺭﺎﻴﻌﻣ ﻑﺍﺮﺤﻧﺍ ﺖﻴﻌﺿﻭﺭﺩ ﺶﻧﺍﺩ ﺖــﻳﺮﻳﺪﻣ ﺪﻌﺑﺯﺍ ﺎﻣ ﻱﺎﻫ ﻥﺎﺘــﺳﺭﺎﻤﻴﺑ ﻭ ﻦﻳﺮﺗﻻﺎﺑ ﻱﺍﺭﺍﺩ ﺶﻧﺍﺩ ﺖﺒﺛ ﻪﻛ ،ﺪﻧﺮﺑ ﻲﻣ ﺮــﺳ ﻪﺑ ﻲﺒﺳﺎﻨﻣﺎﻧ ﺩﺎﻌﺑﺍ ﻦﻴﺑ ﺭﺩ ﻩﺮﻤﻧ ﻦﻳﺮﺘﻤﻛ ﻱﺍﺭﺍﺩ ﺶﻧﺍﺩ ﺶﻳﻻﺎﭘ ﻭ ﻦﻴﮕﻧﺎﻴﻣ ﻱﺎﻫ ﻥﺎﺘــﺳﺭﺎﻤﻴﺑ ﺖﻘﻴﻘﺣ ﺭﺩ .ﺖــﺳﺍ ﻩﺩﻮﺑ ﺶﻧﺍﺩ ﺖﻳﺮﻳﺪﻣ ﻲﺗﺎﻋﻼﻃﺍ ﻱﺎﻫ ﻩﺎﮕﻳﺎﭘ ﺭﺩ ﺶــﻧﺍﺩ ﻩﺮﻴﺧﺫ ﺭﺩ ،ﻪﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣ ﺩﺭﻮﻣ ﺶﻧﺍﺩ ﻦﻳﺍ ﻱﺮﻴﮔﺭﺎﻜﺑ ﺭﺩ ﻦﻜﻴﻟﻭ ،ﻪﺘــﺷﺍﺩ ﻲﻳﺎﻧﺍﻮﺗ ﺐﺳﺎﻨﻣ ﻞﻤﻋ ﻒﻴﻌﺿ ،ﺩﻮﺷ ﻲﻠﻤﻋ ﺖﺳﺍﺭﺍﺮﻗ ﻪﻛ ﻱﺍ ﻪﻨﻴﻣﺯ ﺭﺩ ﺪﻳﺪﺟ .ﺖﺳﺍ ﻩﺩﻮﻤﻧ ﺭﺩ ﺮــﺗﻻﺎﺑ ﻪﻘﺑﺎــﺳ ﻭ ﺕﻼــﻴﺼﺤﺗ ﻱﺍﺭﺍﺩ ﻞﻨــﺳﺮﭘ ﻲﻧﺎﻣﺯﺎﺳ ﻱﺮﻴﮔﺩﺎﻳ ﻩﺮﻤﻧ ﻱﺍﺭﺍﺩ ﻪﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣ ﺩﺭﻮﻣ ﻱﺎﻫ ﻥﺎﺘﺳﺭﺎﻤﻴﺑ

ﻚﻴﻓﺍﺮﮔﻮﻣﺩ ﻱﺎﻫﺮﻴﻐﺘﻣ ﻭ ﻲﻧﺎﻣﺯﺎﺳ ﻱﺮﻴﮔﺩﺎﻳ ،ﺶﻧﺍﺩ ﺖﻳﺮﻳﺪﻣ ﻦﻴﺑ ﻪﻄﺑﺍﺭ ﻲﺳﺭﺮﺑ :3 ﻝﻭﺪﺟ

ﺩﺎﻌﺑﺍ ﺖﻴﺴﻨﺟ

ﻦﺳ ﺭﺎﻛ ﻪﻘﺑﺎﺳ

ﻲﻠﻴﺼﺤﺗ ﻊﻄﻘﻣ ﻡﺍﺪﺨﺘﺳﺍ ﻉﻮﻧ

ﻲﻠﻐﺷ ﻪﺘﺳﺭ ﻉﻮﻧ

t p F p F p F p F p F p

ﻱﺮﻴﮔﺩﺎﻳ ﻲﻧﺎﻣﺯﺎﺳ 3.77

0.006 1.07

0.361 0.520 0.004 0.525 0.593 0.525 0.0003 3.77

0.002

ﺶﻧﺍﺩ ﺖﻳﺮﻳﺪﻣ 2.35

0.020 636

0.000 0.364 0.0004 0.307 0.735 0.0525 0.0006 1.6

0.000

(8)

(42) 13 ؛1389 ﺖﻣﻼﺳ ﺖﻳﺮﻳﺪﻣ

ﻦﻳﺍ ﺖﻴﻟﺎﻌﻓ ﻊﻗﺍﻭ ﺭﺩ ﺪﻧﺍ ﻩﺩﻮﺑ ﻱﺮــﺗﻻﺎﺑ ﺶﻧﺍﺩ ﺖﻳﺮﻳﺪﻣ ﻭ ﺩﺮﻜﻠﻤﻋ ﺩﻮﺒﻬﺑ ﻭ ﺮــﺗ ﻖﻴﻤﻋ ﻙﺭﺩ ،ﺶﻧﺍﺩ ﺐــﺴﻛ ﺎﺑ ﻩﻭﺮﮔ ﺶﻧﺍﺩ ﻱﺎﻫ ﻥﺎﻣﺯﺎــﺳ ﺮﺑ ﻩﺪﻨﻳﺍﺰﻓ ﺪــﻴﻛﺄﺗ ﺎﺑ ﻭ ﺖــﺳﺍ ﻩﺍﺮﻤﻫ ﻱﺭﺍﺩﺭﻮﺧﺮﺑ ﻭﺭﻮﺤﻣ ﺪــﻴﻟﻮﺗ ﻱﺎﻫ ﻥﺎﻣﺯﺎــﺳ ﻱﺎﺟ ﻪﺑ ﺭﻮﺤﻣ ﺎﻫ ﻥﺎﻣﺯﺎﺳ ﺕﺎﻴﺣ ﻪﻣﺍﺩﺍ ﻱﺍﺮﺑ ﺪﻣﺁﺯﻭﺭ ﺕﺎﻋﻼﻃﺍ ﻭ ﺶﻧﺍﺩ ﺯﺍ .ﺪﻨﻨﻛ ﻲﻣ ﺖﻴﻟﺎﻌﻓ ﻱﺮﻴﮔﺩﺎﻳ ﻭ ﺶﻧﺍﺩ ﺖﻳﺮﻳﺪﻣ ﻖﻴﻔﻠﺗ :ﺩﺭﺍﺩ ﻲﻣ ﻥﺎﻴﺑ ﺩﺭﺍﻭﻮﻫ ﻦﻳﺍ [18].ﺖﺳﺍ ﻡﺯﻻ ﻲﻧﺎﻣﺯﺎــﺳ ﻱﺭﻭ ﻩﺮﻬﺑ ﻱﺎﻘﺗﺭﺍ ﻑﺪﻫ ﺎﺑ ﻪﻔﻟﺆﻣ ﻭﺩ ﻦﻳﺍ ﻖﻴﻔﻠﺗ ﻪﺑ ﺯﺎﻴﻧ ﻭ ﻪﻄﺑﺍﺭ ﻲﻋﻮﻧ ﻪﺑ ﺰﻴﻧ ﺶﻫﻭﮋﭘ .ﺖﺳﺍ ﻩﺩﺍﺩ ﻥﺎﺸﻧ ﺍﺭ ﺶﻧﺍﺩ ،ﻥﺎﻣﺯﺎﺳ ﻪﺑ ﺪﻬﻌﺗ ﻦﻴﺑ ﻪﻄﺑﺍﺭ ﻲﺳﺭﺮﺑ ﺭﺩ ﻡﺎﻘﻨﻴﺳﺎﻣ ﺖﻳﺮﻳﺪﻣ ﻦﻴﺑ ﻁﺎﺒﺗﺭﺍ ﻥﺎﻣﺯﺎﺳ ﻱﺮﻴﮔﺩﺎﻳ ﺖﻴﻓﺮﻇ ﻭ ،ﺖﻳﺮﻳﺪﻣ

.ﺖﺳﺍ ﻩﺩﻮﻤﻧ ﺺﺨﺸﻣ ﺍﺭ ﻥﺎﻣﺯﺎﺳ ﻱﺮﻴﮔﺩﺎﻳ ﺖﻴﻓﺮﻇ ﻭ ﺶﻧﺍﺩ ﻪﺘﻓﺎﻳ ﺖﺳﺩ ﻱﺍ ﻪﺑﺎﺸﻣ ﺞﻳﺎﺘﻧ ﻪﺑ ﺰﻴﻧ ﺮﺿﺎﺣ ﺶﻫﻭﮋﭘ ﻪﻛ [19]

ﺖﻴﻓﺮﻇ ﻡﻮﻬﻔﻣ ﻪﺑ ﻂﻘﻓ ﻡﺎﻘﻨﻴﺳﺎﻣ ﺶﻫﻭﮋﭘ ﺭﺩ ﻪﭼﺮﮔ ﺖﺳﺍ ﺮﺿﺎﺣ ﺶﻫﻭﮋﭘ ﺎﺑ ﺪﻌﺑ ﻦﻳﺍ ﺯﺍ ﻪﻛ ﺖــﺳﺍ ﻪﺘﺧﺍﺩﺮﭘ ﻱﺮﻴﮔﺩﺎﻳ .ﺩﺭﺍﺩ ﻑﻼﺘﺧﺍ ﺖﻳﺮﻳﺪﻣ) ﻥﺍﻮــﻨﻋ ﺎﺑ ﺩﻮﺧ ﺶــﻫﻭﮋﭘ ﺭﺩ ﮓــﻧﺎﻫﻮﺋﺎﭼ ﺯﺍ ﻱﺮﻴﮔﺩﺎﻳ ﻪــﻛ ﺖﻓﺎﻳﺭﺩ (ﻩﺪﻧﺮﻴﮔﺩﺎﻳ ﻥﺎﻣﺯﺎــﺳﺭﺩ ﺶــﻧﺍﺩ ﺩﻮﺟﻭ ﻪﺑ ﻥﺎﻳﺮﺘﺸﻣ ،ﻥﺎﻨﻛﺭﺎﻛ ﻦﻴﺑ ﺭﺩ ﺶﻧﺍﺩ ﻢﻴﻬــﺴﺗ ﻖﻳﺮﻃ ﺶﻧﺍﺩ ﺖﻳﺮﻳﺪﻣ ﺩﺎﻌﺑﺍ ﺯﺍ ﻲــﻜﻳ ﺶﻧﺍﺩ ﻢﻴﻬــﺴﺗ[20].ﺪﻳﺁ ﻲﻣ ﻩﺩﻮﺑ ﻁﺎﺒﺗﺭﺍ ﺭﺩ ﻱﺮﻴﮔﺩﺎﻳ ﺎﺑ ﺰﻴﻧ ﺶــﻫﻭﮋﭘ ﻦﻳﺍ ﺭﺩ ﻪﻛ ﻩﺩﻮﺑ ﻪﺘﺷﺍﺩ ﻱﺮﺗ ﻊﻣﺎﺟ ﻲﺳﺭﺮﺑ ﺮﺿﺎﺣ ﺶﻫﻭﮋﭘ ﻦﻜﻴﻟﻭ .ﺖــﺳﺍ ﻩﺩﺍﺩ ﺭﺍﺮﻗ ﻲﺳﺭﺮﺑ ﺩﺭﻮﻣ ﺪﻌﺑ ﺭﺎﻬﭼ ﺭﺩ ﺍﺭ ﺶﻧﺍﺩ ﺖﻳﺮﻳﺪﻣ ﻭ .ﺖﺳﺍ ﺖﻳﺮﻳﺪﻣ ﻪﻛ ﺖــﺳﺍ ﻩﺪﻣﺁ [21] ﻦﻣﺭﻮﻌﻟ ﺶــﻫﻭﮋﭘ ﺭﺩ .ﺪــﺷﺎﺑ ﻲﻣ ﻩﺪﻧﺮﻴﮔﺩﺎﻳ ﻥﺎﻣﺯﺎــﺳ ﻚﻳ ﻖﻠﺧ ﺯﺎﻴﻧ ﺶﻴﭘ ﺶﻧﺍﺩ ﻭ ﻲﻧﺎﻣﺯﺎــﺳ ﻱﺮﻴﮔﺩﺎﻳ ،ﺶﻧﺍﺩ ﺖﻳﺮﻳﺪﻣ ،ﻥﻮــﭼ ﻲﻤﻴﻫﺎﻔﻣ ﺪﻨﺘﺴﻫ ﺮﻴﺠﻧﺯ ﻚﻳ ﻱﺎﻫ ﻪﻘﻠﺣ ﺪﻨﻧﺎﻣ ﻪﺑ ﻩﺪﻧﺮﻴﮔﺩﺎﻳ ﻥﺎﻣﺯﺎــﺳ ﺮﺿﺎﺣ ﺶﻫﻭﮋﭘ ﺭﺩ ﻦﻜﻴﻟﻭ .ﺪﻨﺘــﺴﻫ ﻁﺎﺒﺗﺭﺍ ﺭﺩ ﻢﻫ ﺎﺑ ﻪــﻛ ﻩﺪﺷ ﻒﻳﺮﻌﺗ ﻞﻘﺘــﺴﻣ ﺮﻴﻐﺘﻣ ﻥﺍﻮﻨﻋ ﻪﺑ ﻲﻧﺎﻣﺯﺎــﺳ ﻱﺮﻴﮔﺩﺎﻳ .ﺖﺳﺍ ﺕﻭﺎﻔﺘﻣ ﻦﻣﺭﻮﻌﻟ ﺶﻫﻭﮋﭘ ﺎﺑ ﻪﻛ ﺖﺳﺍ ﻥﺎﻣﺯﺎــﺳ ﻱﺎﻫ ﻪﻄﻴﺣ ﻪــﻛ ﻩﺩﺍﺩ ﻥﺎــﺸﻧ [22] ﻥﻮــﻴﺒﻫﺫ .ﺩﺭﺍﺪﻧ ﻪﻄﺑﺍﺭ ﻲﻠﻴﺼﺤﺗ ﻊــﻄﻘﻣ ﻭ ﻲﻨــﺳ ﻩﻭﺮﮔ ﺎﺑ ﻩﺪﻧﺮﻴﮔﺩﺎﻳ .ﺖﺳﺍ ﻩﺪﺷ ﻩﺪﻫﺎــﺸﻣ ﺰﻴﻧ ﺮﺿﺎﺣ ﺶﻫﻭﮋﭘ ﺭﺩ ﻉﻮﺿﻮﻣ ﻦﻳﺍ ﻲﻤﻴﺗ،ﻱﺩﺮﻓ ﻱﺮﻴﮔﺩﺎﻳ ﻪﻧﺎﮔ ﻪﺳ ﻱﺎﻫ ﻪﻄﻴﺣ ﻥﻮﻴﺒﻫﺫ ﻦﻜﻴﻟﻭ ﺶﻫﻭﮋﭘ ﻦﻳﺍ ﻱﺎﻫ ﻪﻄﻴﺣ ﺎﺑ ﻪﻛ ﺩﺭﺍﺩ ﺮﻈﻧ ﺪﻣ ﺍﺭ ﻲﻧﺎﻣﺯﺎــﺳ ﻭ

.ﺖﺳﺍ ﺕﻭﺎﻔﺘﻣ ﺖﻳﺮﻳﺪﻣ ﻦﻴﺑ ﻪﻛ ﺖﺳﺍ ﻩﺩﺍﺩ ﻥﺎﺸﻧ [23] ﻱﺩﺎﻧ ﻲﻓﺮﻃ ﺯﺍ ﻲﻣﻼﺳﺍ ﺩﺍﺯﺁ ﻱﺎﻫ ﻩﺎﮕﺸﻧﺍﺩ ﺭﺩ ﻩﺪﻧﺮﻴﮔﺩﺎﻳ ﻥﺎﻣﺯﺎــﺳ ﻭ ﺶﻧﺍﺩ (2000) ﻦﻴﺗﺭﺎﻣ .ﺩﺭﺍﺩ ﺩﻮﺟﻭ ﻱﺭﺍﺩﺎﻨﻌﻣ ﻪﻄﺑﺍﺭ ﺭﺎﻬﭼ ﻪﻘﻄﻨﻣ ﺯﺍ ﻲﻣﻮﻬﻔﻣ ﺭﺩ ﺶــﻧﺍﺩ ﺖﻳﺮﻳﺪﻣ» ﻥﺍﻮــﻨﻋ ﺎﺑ ﻲــﺸﻫﻭﮋﭘ ﺭﺩ ﻲﻳﺎﻫﺪﻨﻳﺍﺮﻓ ﻖﻠﺧ ﻪﺑ ﺯﺎﻴﻧ ﻭ ﻱﺮﻴﮔﺩﺎﻳ ﺖﻴﻤﻫﺍ ﻪﺑ «ﺖــﻳﺮﻳﺪﻣ ﺶﻧﺍﺩ ﻖﻠﺧ ﻭ ﻲﻧﺎﻣﺯﺎــﺳ ﻱﺮﻴﮔﺩﺎﻳ ﻱ ﻩﺪــﻨﻨﻛ ﺖﻳﺎﻤﺣ ﻪــﻛ ﻦﻳﺍ ﺯﺍ ﺶﻫﻭﮋﭘ ﻦﻳﺍ [24].ﺪﻨﻛ ﻲﻣ ﺪﻴﻛﺄﺗ ﺖــﺳﺍ ﻲﻧﺎﻣﺯﺎــﺳ ﻪﺘﻓﺎﻳ ﺖﺳﺩ ﻲﻧﺎــﺴﻜﻳ ﺞﻳﺎﺘﻧ ﻪﺑ ﺮﺿﺎﺣ ﺶﻫﻭﮋﭘ ﺎﺑ ﻩﺎﮔﺪﻳﺩ ﻱﺎﻫﺪﻨﻳﺍﺮﻓ ﺯﺍ ﺶــﻧﺍﺩ ﺩﺎــﺠﻳﺍ ﻪﻛ ﺖــﺳﺍ ﻦﻳﺍ ﻥﺁﻭ ﺖــﺳﺍ ﻪﻄﺑﺍﺭ ﻥﺁ ﺎﺑ ﻭ .ﺖﺳﺍ ﻲﻧﺎﻣﺯﺎــﺳ ﻱﺮﻴﮔﺩﺎﻳ ﻱ ﻩﺪﻨﻨﻛ ﺖﻳﺎﻤﺣ ﺖﻳﺮﻳﺪﻣ ﻑﺪﻫ ﻪﻛ ﺩﺭﺍﺩ ﻥﺁ ﺯﺍ ﻥﺎــﺸﻧ ﺮﮕﻳﺩ ﺶﻫﻭﮋﭘ .ﺩﺭﺍﺩ ﻭ ﻲﻧﻭﺭﺩ ﺶﻧﺍﺩ ﻦــﻴﺑ ﺮﻤﺘــﺴﻣ ﻲﮕﭼﺭﺎﭙﻜﻳ ﺩﺎﺠﻳﺍ ،ﺶــﻧﺍﺩ ﻦﻴﻨﭽﻤﻫ ﻭ ﺩﻮــﺟﻮﻣ ﺕﻼﻜــﺸﻣ ﻞﺣﺭﻮﻈﻨﻣ ﻪﺑ ﻭ ﻲﻄﻴﺤﻣ ،ﺱﺎﺳﺍ ﻦﻳﺍ ﺮﺑ .ﺖــﺳﺍ ﺭﺎﻛ ﻭ ﺐﺴﻛ ﻪﻌــﺳﻮﺗ ﺭﺩ ﻱﺭﻭﺁﻮﻧ ﻲﻄﻴﺤﻣ ﺪﻳﺎﺑ ﻥﺎﻣﺯﺎــﺳ ﻲﻳﺎﻫ ﺩﺮﻛﺭﺎﻛ ﻦــﻴﻨﭼ ﻖﻘﺤﺗ ﻱﺍﺮــﺑ .ﺪﻨﻛ ﻢﻫﺍﺮﻓ ﺶﻴﻧﺎــﺴﻧﺍ ﻱﻭﺮﻴﻧ ﻱﺎﻘﺗﺭﺍ ﻱﺍﺮﺑ ﺍﺭ ﻪــﻧﺍﺮﻴﮔﺩﺎﻳ ﺖــﺳﺍ ﺮﺿﺎﺣ ﺶﻫﻭﮋﭘ ﺮﺑ ﻖﺒﻄﻨﻣ ًﻼﻣﺎﻛ ﺶﻫﻭﮋﭘ ﻦﻳﺍ [25]

ﻭ ﻱﺮﻴﮔﺩﺎﻳ ﺍﺭ ﺎﻫ ﻥﺎﻣﺯﺎﺳ ﺭﺩ ﺶﻧﺍﺩ ﺖﻳﺮﻳﺪﻣ ﻁﺮﺷ ﺶﻴﭘ ﻪﻛ ﺩﻮﺧ ﺶﻫﻭﮋﭘ ﺭﺩ [27]ﺖﻧﺎﻳﺮﺑ .ﺪﻧﺍﺩ ﻲﻣ ﻪﻧﺍﺮﻴﮔﺩﺎﻳ ﻲﻄﻴﺤﻣ ﺭﺎﺸﺘﻧﺍ ﻭ ﺩﺎﺠﻳﺍ ﺭﺩ ﻲﻟﺩﺎﺒﺗ ﻭ ﻲﻟﻮﺤﺗ ﻱﺮﺒﻫﺭ ﺶﻘﻧ) ﻥﺍﻮﻨﻋ ﺎﺑ ﻱﺭﺍﺩﺎﻨﻌﻣ ﻭ ﻦــﺷﻭﺭ ﻪﻄﺑﺍﺭ :ﻪﻛ ﺖﻓﺎﻳﺭﺩ (ﺶﻧﺍﺩ ﺖــﻳﺮﻳﺪﻣ ﺩﻮﺟﻭ ﺎﻫ ﻥﺎﻣﺯﺎﺳ ﺭﺩ ﺶﻧﺍﺩ ﺖﻳﺮﻳﺪﻣ ﻭ ﻲﻟﻮﺤﺗ ﻱﺮﺒﻫﺭ ﻦﻴﺑ ﺭﺩ ﺖﺳﺍ ﻦﻜﻤﻣ ﺪﻬﻌﺘﻣ ﻱﺮﺒﻫﺭ ،ﻪﻛ ﺖﻓﺎﻳﺭﺩ ﻦﻴﻨﭽﻤﻫ .ﺩﺭﺍﺩ ﺮﺗﺮﺛﺆﻣ ﻲﻫﻭﺮﮔ ﻭ ﻱﺩﺮﻓ ﺡﻮﻄﺳ ﺭﺩ ﺶﻧﺍﺩ ﺭﺎﺸﺘﻧﺍ ﻭ ﺩﺎﺠﻳﺍ ﻢﻴﺘﻓﺎﻳ ﺖﺳﺩ ﻪﺠﻴﺘﻧ ﻦﻳﺍ ﻪﺑ ﺰﻴﻧ ﺶﻫﻭﮋﭘ ﻦﻳﺍﺭﺩ [27].ﺪــﺷﺎﺑ ﺖﻳﺮﻳﺪﻣ ﺎﺑ ﻲﻧﺎﻣﺯﺎــﺳ ﻱﺮﻴﮔﺩﺎﻳ ﻱﺍﺮﺑ ﺖﻳﺮﻳﺪﻣ ﺪــﻬﻌﺗ ﻪﻛ ﺮﺗﺪﻬﻌﺘﻣ ﻥﺍﺮﺒﻫﺭ ﻭ ﻥﺍﺮﻳﺪﻣ ﻪﭼ ﺮﻫ ﻭ ﻪﺘــﺷﺍﺩ ﻪﻄﺑﺍﺭ ﺶﻧﺍﺩ .ﺪﺑﺎﻳ ﻲﻣ ﺭﺍﺮﻘﺘﺳﺍ ﺮﺘﻬﺑ ﺶﻧﺍﺩ ﺖﻳﺮﻳﺪﻣ ،ﺪﻨﺷﺎﺑ ﻭ ﺶﺨﺑﺮﺛﺍ ﻥﺎﻨﻛﺭﺎﻛ ﻪﺑ ﺎﻫ ﻥﺎﻣﺯﺎــﺳ ،ﻩﺯﻭﺮﻣﺍ ﺖﻳﺎﻬﻧ ﺭﺩ ﺪﺷﺭ ﺖﻬﺟ ﺭﺩ ﺩﻮﺧ ﻑﺍﺪﻫﺍ ﻪﺑ ﺪﻨﻧﺍﻮﺘﺑ ﺎﺗ ﺪﻧﺭﺍﺩ ﺯﺎﻴﻧ ﺪﻣﺁ ﺭﺎﻛ ﻭ ﻲﻳﺍﺭﺎﻛ ﻲﻠﻛ ﺭﻮﻃ ﻪﺑ ﻭ ﺪﻨﺑﺎﻳ ﺖﺳﺩ ﻪﺒﻧﺎﺟ ﻪﻤﻫ ﻪﻌــﺳﻮﺗ ﻭ ﻲﻧﺎﺴﻧﺍ ﻱﻭﺮﻴﻧ ﻲﺸﺨﺑﺮﺛﺍ ﻭ ﻲﻳﺍﺭﺎﻛ ﻪﺑ ﺎﻫ ﻥﺎﻣﺯﺎﺳ ﻲﺸﺨﺑﺮﺛﺍ ﻭ ﺶﻧﺍﺩ ﺮﺸﻧ ﻪﻛ.ﺩﺭﺍﺩ ﻲﮕﺘــﺴﺑ ﻥﺎﻣﺯﺎــﺳ ﻥﺁ ﺭﺩ ﻥﺎﻨﻛﺭﺎﻛ ﻭ ﺮﺑ ﺮﺛﺆﻣ ﻱﺎﻫ ﻪﻔﻟﺆﻣ ﻦﻳﺮﺘﻤﻬﻣ ﺯﺍ ﻪــﻧﺍﺮﻴﮔﺩﺎﻳ ﻲﻄﻴﺤﻣ ﺩﺎﺠﻳﺍ

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(42) 13 ؛1389 ﺖﻣﻼﺳ ﺖﻳﺮﻳﺪﻣ

ﺪﻴﻟﻮﺗ ﻞﻴﻟﺩ ﻪﺑ ﻥﺎﺘﺳﺭﺎﻤﻴﺑ ﻲﻓﺮﻃ ﺯﺍ .ﺖﺳﺍ ﻥﺎﻨﻛﺭﺎﻛ ﺩﺮﻜﻠﻤﻋ ﻪﻛ ﻲﺘﻴﻤﻫﺍﻭ ،(ﺭﺎﻤﻴﺑ) ﻱﺮﺘــﺸﻣ ﺎﺑ ﻚﻳﺩﺰﻧ ﻪﻄﺑﺍﺭ ،ﺕﺎﻣﺪﺧ ﻭ ﺩﺭﺍﺩ ﻪﻌﻣﺎﺟ ﺖﻣﻼــﺳ ﺭﺩ ﻲﻧﺎﻣﺭﺩ ﻭ ﺖــﺷﺍﺪﻬﺑ ﺕﺎﻣﺪﺧ ﻪﺑ ﻦﻴﻨﭽﻤﻫ ﺩﺭﺍﺩ ﻪــﻌﻣﺎﺟ ﺢﻄــﺳ ﺭﺩ ﺖﻣﻼــﺳ ﻪﻛ ﻲﺘﻴﻤﻫﺍ ﻦﻳﺍ ،ﻲﺘــﺷﺍﺪﻬﺑ ﻱﺎﻫ ﻥﺎﻣﺯﺎــﺳ ﺭﺩ ﻲﻨﻓ ﺕﺎﻣﺪﺧ ﻪﺋﺍﺭﺍ ﺖﻠﻋ ﺱﺎﺴﺣ ﻲﺤﻄــﺳ ﺭﺩ ﻱﺮﻴﮔ ﺩﺎﻳ ﺮﻈﻧ ﺯﺍ ﺎﻫ ﻥﺎﻣﺯﺎــﺳ ﺯﺍ ﻉﻮﻧ ﻥﺍﺮﻳﺪﻣ ﻭﺭ ﻦﻳﺍ ﺯﺍ ،ﺪﻨﺘــﺴﻫ ﺭﺍﺩﺭﻮﺧ ﺮﺑ ﻱﺍ ﻩﮋﻳﻭ ﻩﺎﮕﻳﺎﺟﺯﺍﻭ ﺹﻮﺼﺨﻟﺍ ﻲــﻠﻋ ﻲﻧﺎﻣﺭﺩ ﻭ ﻲﺘــﺷﺍﺪﻬﺑ ﻱﺎﻫ ﻥﺎﻣﺯﺎــﺳ ﺭﺩ ﻥﺩﻮﺑ ﻩﺪﻧﺮﻴﮔﺩﺎﻳ ﺖﻤــﺳ ﻪﺑ ﺖﻛﺮﺣ ﻲﺘﺴﻳﺎﺑ ﺎﻫ ﻥﺎﺘــﺳﺭﺎﻤﻴﺑ ﻪﻛ ﺖــﺳﺍ ﻲﻄﻴﺤﻣ ﻦﻴﻨﭼ ﺭﺩ ﺖﻘﻴﻘﺣ ﺭﺩ .ﺪﻨﻳﺎﻤﻧ ﺯﺎــﻏﺁ ﺍﺭ ﻞﻳﺪﺒﺗ ﻭ ﺎﻫ ﻩﺪﻳﺍ ﻱﺭﻭﺭﺎﺑ ﻭ ﻱﺭﻭﺎﺑ ﺩﻮﺧ ،ﻱﺭﻭﺁﻮﻧ ،ﺖﻴﻓﻼﺧ .ﺩﺮﻴﮔ ﻲﻣ ﺕﺭﻮﺻ ﺶﻧﺍﺩ ﻪﺑ ﺎﻫ ﻥﺁ :ﺎﻫ ﺩﺎﻬﻨﺸﻴﭘ ﻩﺪﻧﺮﻴﮔﺩﺎﻳ ﻥﺎﻣﺯﺎﺳ ﻚﻳ ﺭﺍﺮﻘﺘﺳﺍ ﻭ ﺶﻳﺍﺰﻓﺍ ﺖﻬﺟ ﺖﻳﺎﻬﻧ ﺭﺩ .ﺩﺩﺮﮔ ﻲﻣ ﺩﺎﻬﻨﺸﻴﭘ ﺮﻳﺯ ﺩﺭﺍﻮﻣ ﺭﺩ ﻱﺮﻴﮔﺩﺎﻳ ﺯﺎــﺑ ﻱﺎﻀﻓ ﻭ ﻦﺘــﺷﺍﺩ ﻲﻤﺘــﺴﻴﺳ ﻩﺎﮔﺪﻳﺩ 1 . ﺩﺍﺮﻓﺍ ﻦﻴﺑ ﺭﺩ ﺍﺭ ﻱﺮﻳﺬﭘ ﺖﻴﻟﻮﺌــﺴﻣ ﻭ ﺩﺎﻤﺘﻋﺍ ﺎﻫ ﻥﺎﻣﺯﺎﺳ ﺩﻮﺧ ﻱﺮﻳﺬﭘ ﺖﻴﻟﻮﺌﺴﻣ ﻦﻳﺍ ﻭ ﻩﺪﻴــﺸﺨﺑ ﺩﻮﺒﻬﺑ ﻥﺎﻣﺯﺎــﺳ .ﺩﺩﺮﮔ ﺩﺮﻜﻠﻤﻋ ﺩﻮﺒﻬﺑ ﻭ ﺶﻳﺍﺰﻓﺍ ﻪﺑ ﺮﺠﻨﻣ ﺪﻧﺍﻮﺗ ﻲﻣ ﻑﺮﻃ ﺯﺍ ،ﺩﺍﺮﻓﺍ ﻲﺼﺨﺷ ﻱﺎﻫ ﺖﻴﻠﺑﺎﻗ ﻪﺑ ﻥﺪﺷ ﻞﺋﺎﻗ ﺖﻴﻤﻫﺍ 1 . ﻭ ﺎﻫ ﻲﻳﺎﻧﺍﻮﺗ ﻥﺍﺰﻴﻣ ﺶﻳﺍﺰﻓﺍ ﻭ ﺎﻫ ﻥ ﺎﻣﺯﺎــﺳ ﺪﺷﺭﺍ ﻥﺍﺮﻳﺪﻣ ﺩﺍﺮﻓﺍ ﻪﻛ ﺖﺳﺍ ﻲﻄﻴﺤﻣ ﺯﺎــﺳ ﻪﻨﻴﻣﺯ ﻥﺎﻨﻛﺭﺎﻛ ﻱﺎﻫ ﺖﻴﻠﺑﺎﻗ .ﺪﻳﺎﻤﻧ ﻲﻣ ﻞﻜﺸﻣ ﻞﺣ ﻭ ﺖﻴﻗﻼﺧ ﺩﺎﺠﻳﺍ ﻪﺑ ﻞﻳﺎﻤﺗ ﻲﻣﺮﮕﻟﺩ ،ﻥﺎﻣﺯﺎﺳ ﺭﺩ ﻙﺮﺘﺸﻣ ﻥﺎﻣﺭﺁ ﻭ ﻑﺪﻫ ﻚﻳ ﻦﺘﺷﺍﺩ 1 . ﺎﺑ ﻲﺼﺨﺷ ﻑﺍﺪﻫﺍ ،ﻩﺩﺍﺩ ﻥﺍﺮﻳﺪﻣ ﻭ ﻥﺎﻨﻛﺭﺎﻛ ﻪﺑ ﻱﺮﺘــﺸﻴﺑ

.ﺩﺩﺮﮔ ﻲﻣ ﻲﻜﻳ ﻲﻧﺎﻣﺯﺎﺳ ﻑﺍﺪﻫﺍ ﻪﺑ ﻲﺋﻮﻧ ﻩﺎﮕــﻧ ،ﻥﺎﻣﺯﺎــﺳ ﺭﺩ ﻲﻤﺘــﺴﻴﺳ ﺮﻜﻔﺗ ﺩﻮــﺟﻭ 1 . ﺮﺘــﺸﻴﺑ ﺎﻫ ﺪﺣﺍﻭ ﻦﻴﺑ ﺕﺎﻃﺎﺒﺗﺭﺍ ﻭ ﺎﻫ ﺯﺎﻴﻧ ،ﻩﺩﺍﺩ ﻥﺍﺮــﻳﺪﻣ ،ﻩﺪﺷ ﻞﺣ ﺮﺗ ﺖﺣﺍﺭ ﻲــﺸﺨﺑ ﻦﻴﺑ ﺕﻼﻜــﺸﻣ ﺩﺩﺮﮔ ﻲﻣ .ﺪﺑﺎﻳ ﻲﻣ ﺶﻳﺍﺰﻓﺍ ﺪﻬﻌﺗ ﻭ ﻱﺮﻳﺬﭘ ﺖﻴﻟﻮﺌﺴﻣ ﺶﻳﺍﺰﻓﺍ ﺖﻤــﺳ ﻪﺑ ﺖﻛﺮﺣ ﻥﺎﻣﺯﺎــﺳ ﻥﺩﻮﺑ ﻩﺪــﻧﺮﻴﮔﺩﺎﻳ 1 . ﻲﻳﺎﻳﻮﭘ ،ﻩﺩﺍﺩ ﺶــﻳﺍﺰﻓﺍ ﺍﺭ ﺎــﻫ ﺭﺎﻛ ﻲﻳﺍﺭﺎﻛ ﻭ ﻲــﺸﺨﺑﺮﺛﺍ

.ﺪﻳﺎﻤﻧ ﻲﻣ ﺩﺎﺠﻳﺍ ﻥﺎﻣﺯﺎﺳ ﺭﺩ ﻱﺮﺘﺸﻴﺑ

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Journal of Health Administration 2011; 13 (42)

of Isfahan University of Medical Sciences

Yaghoubi M.¹ / Karimi S.² / Javadi M.³ / Nikbakht A.⁴

Introduction: Nowadays new organizations like learning organizations to be formed. The purpose of this research is to study the correlation between the organization learning and knowledge management in staffs in selected hospitals of Isfahan university of medical sciences.

Methods: This is a descriptive correlational study. The population of study is staffs of selected hospitals. Data gathering tools are an organization learning l (OL), and Knowledge Management (KM) questionnaires. Data analyzed by SPSS software.

Results: The mean and standard deviation score for OL found 38.2±22.7 among nursing managers, and for KM 39.9±20.1 respectively. There is a significant statistically relation between OL and KM.

Discussion: Since scores of organizational learning and knowledge management among staff was poor, and because very rapid changes in the areas of science and technology; and the increasing hospital managers should have planning for creating, disseminate and transmission knowledge in the organization.

Keywords: Organization Learning, Knowledge Management, Hospitals

PhD Student of Health Services Management, Health Management and Economics Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical 1.

Sciences, Isfahan, Iran; Corresponding Author ([email protected])

Assistant Professor of Health Services Management Department, Researcher of health Management and Economic Research Center, 2.

Abstract

● Received: 03/Jan/2010 ● Modified: 31/Aug/2010 ● Accepted: 21/Sep/2010