NGHIEN CQU - TRAO DOI
BAN THEM VE PHAN BIEN XA H 6 I 6 VIET NAM
C
img ngay chung ta cang thiy ro han nhijng y nghTa tich cue cua phan bien xa hoi, cua phuong cham "dan biet, dan ban".Bai phan bien la tao ra sir tuang tac, sir hgp tac gi&a cac luc luong xa hoi de tim ra phuang an toi uu nhat, lam tang them chat lugng, tinh thuyet phuc, su sang suot trong cac quyet dinh cua nhiing nguai lanh dao dat nuac.
Phan bien la dua ra nhirng nhan xet, danh gia khach quan, vo tu ve sir can thiet, ve chat lugng ngi dung, hinh thuc the hien cua cong trinh, du an, de tai nao do theo yeu cau ciia chu the de nghi phan bien. Phan bien dugc sir dung nhieu trong vice danh gia ve cac cong trinh khoa hgc nhu luan van, luan an, dc tai nghien ciru khoa hgc... Ngi dung Ccic van de dirge yeu cau phan bien tuy thugc viio doi tuc7ng phan bien. Chang han, neu doi tugng phan bien la cong trinh kien tnic, xay dung thi ngi dung phan bien thuang lien quan den tinh tham mT, su virng chae, gia trj sir dung, sir hai hoa vai canh quan... cua cong trinh, con doi tugng phan bien la du an, de tai nghien cuu khoa hgc... thi ngi dung phan bien lai tap trung vao nhijng van de nhu tinh cap thiet cua de tai, ngi dung va hinh thuc cua cong trinh, nhung dong gop khoa hgc ve mat li luan va y nghTa thuc tien ciia cdng trinh... Trong qua trinh phan bien, chii Ihl phan bien se trinh bay cac quan dilm, cac luan cir khoa hgc de the hien sir ddng tinh, irng hg hoac phan bac, khong dcing tinh doi vai cac quan diem, ngi dung.
PGS.TS. NGUYEN MINH DOAN *
hinh thirc... cac van de ma tac gia da the hien trong cong trinh va dugc yeu cau phan bien. Chu the phan bien cung c6 the bang nhirng lap luan va luan cir khoa hgc thuyet phuc, chi ra nhirng khiem khuyet, han che ciia cac van de thugc doi tugng phan bien. co the de xuat nhirng y kien, nhirng ngi dung de nghi tac gia ciia doi tugng phan bien can phai bo sung, sira chua, hoan thien cho doi tugng phan bien hoan thien han, co gia tri khoa hgc va thuc tien cao han, tot hon.
Tac gia ciia doi tugng phan bien co the dong y, tiep thu nhung y kien, dong gop ciia chii the phan bien, cung c6 the dua ra nhung lap luan, chimg cir khoa hgc de bao vc cac quan diem, y kien ciia minh va phan bac lai nhung y kien ciia chii the phan bien. Ilinh thirc phan bien va phan hdi sir phan bien co the dugc the hien bang lai noi, cung co the bang van ban hoac ca hai tuy thugc yeu cau ciia chii the yeu cau phan bien. Co the noi phan bien nliu dien dan de cac ben phan bien va tac gia ciia doi tugng phan bien bay to quan diem, y kien ciia minh mgt each cdi md ve cac van de thugc ngi dung can phan bien tren tinh than ton trgng lan nhau. Do vay, trong hoat dgng phan bien thi chii the phan bien va tac gia ciia doi tugng phan bien can CO su trao doi, tranh luan nham hieu ro ve cac quan diem cua nhau, thuyet phuc lan nhau de
Giang vien chinh Khoa hanh chinh-nha nude Trudng Dai hgc Luat Ha Noi • •' ) '•'
NGHIEN CLfU - TRAO OOl
di den su dong thuan, thong nhat tuong doi ve cac van de thugc doi tugng phan bien.
Nhu vay, xet ve ngi dung, hinh thirc va miic dich thi boat dgng phan bien eo nhieu diem ttrang dong vai dong gop y kien, kien nghi. Bai dong gop y kien va kien nghi cung the hien a viec chu the dong gop y kien, kien nghj CO the neu ra cac quan diem, y kien, de nghi ciia minh (co the bang van ban va cung CO the bang lai noi) ve cac van de ma hg quan tam hoac c6 anh huang den lgi ich ciia hg va/hoac lgi ich chung ciia xa hgi. Phan bien va dong gop y kien, kien nghi deu tren tinh than xay dung vai muc dich lam cho cho cong trinh, du an hay boat dgng nao do dugc tot han, hoan thien, phii hgp ban...
trong tuang lai. Tuy vay, phan bien va dong gop y kien, kien nghi cung co nhirng diem khac biet nhat dinh can dugc lam ro do la:
- Dong gop y kien, kien nghi co the dugc tien hanh theo yeu eau song ciing co the la sang kien dan phuang ciia chii the quan tam hoac CO lgi ich lien quan den van de va khong CO tinh chat bat buoc (chii the co the dong gop y kien, kien nghi va cung c6 the khong dong gop y kien, khong kien nghi), tac gia ciia doi tugng dugc dong gop y kien, kien nghi co the tiep thu y kien dong gop, kien nghi va cung CO the khong tiep thu. Con phan bien la hoat dgng dugc tien hanh theo yeu cau (theo don dat hang eiia nhihig chii the nhat dinh), do vay, chi chii the dugc yeu cau phan bien mai CO quyen phan bien va hoat dgng phan bien trong truang hgp nay phai dugc tien hanh mgt each bat buoc (ehii the dugc yeu cau phan bien neu khong tir choi thi phai co nghTa vu thuc hien phan bien theo yeu cau).
Y kien ctia chii the phan bien trong nhung
truong hgp nhat djnh co the co y nghTa b5t buoc doi vai tac gia ciia doi tugng phan bien.
hg phai giai trinh hoac phai tiep thu va hoan thien doi tugng phan bien trong tuang lai theo yeu cau ciia chu the phan bien.
- Neu dong gop y kien, kien nghj chi la neu Ien quan diem hoac nhtrng yeu cau ma chii the cho la dung, la phii hgp ma khong can phai dua ra cac luan cir khoa hgc de chimg minh cho sir diing dan ciia cac y kien, kien nghi ciia minh thi phan bien ngoai viec neu ra cac y kien, quan diem ciia minh, chii the phan bien con phai dua ra nhirng luan cir khoa hgc (li luan va thirc tien) de minh chirng cho cac quan diem do, dac biet la khi dua ra nhtrng luan diem nham phan bac, phe phan nhtrng sai sot, han che cua cac luan diem trong doi tugng ma minh phan bien.
Dieu nay cho thay lioat dgng phan bien cd gia tri khoa hgc cao han, phai duge tien hanh can than, chat che va khoa hgc han so vdi viec dong gop y kien hoac kien nghi.
- Neu trong dong gop y kien va kien nghi, tac gia ciia doi tugng dugc dong gop y kii:n, kien nghj co the khong bat buoc phai phan hoi lai cac y kien con doi vai hoat dong phan bien thi tac gia ciia doi tugng phan bien buoc phai phan hoi y kien ciia chii the phan bien (tiep thu, dong tinh hay phan bac) va cac ben thuang co su trao doi, tranh luan vdi nhau de di den nhtrng y kien, quan diem thong nhat ma cac ben cho la phii hgp.
Nhu vay, so vai hinh thirc gop y kien, kien nghi thi phan bien co tinh to chirc, tinh bat buoc cao han, co ngi dung va quy trinh tien hanh chat che, khoa hgc han. Dieu nay cQng doi hoi chu the phan bien phai co nang lire nhat dinh, phai c6 thai gian vii sir chuan
NGHIEN c a u - TRAO OOl
bj chu dao, cong phu mai co thg thuc hien dugc viec phan bien mgt each chinh xac, khoa hgc va hieu qua.
Vai nhtmg tac dung tich cue nhu tren cho thay hoat dgng phan bien trong lich sir nhan loai da dugc it nhieu chu y den duai nhilu hinh thirc phong phu khac nhau a cac qudc gia, dan tgc khac nhau. Trong xa hgi van minh, cac hoat dgng khoa hgc, hoat dgng kinh te, chinh tri, phap luat, xa hgi co anh hudng rat ion tai sir ton vong va phat triln khong chi cua mgt quoc gia, dan tgc ma doi khi la ciia ca nhan loai, do vay, van de phan bien xa hgi doi vai cac chinh sach, phap luat, quylt sach Ion ciia cac dang cam quyen, cac nha nude cang can phai dugc quan tam dung mirc, nhat la khi nen dan chii xa hgi luon khong ngimg dugc ciing co, ma rgng va phat trien.
O Viet Nam nhtrng nam gan day trong li luan va thuc tien nguai ta thuang noi nhieu den "phan bien xa hgi", dac biet la phan bien doi vai cac hoat dgng cua dang cam quyen va nha nuac trong viec dua ra cac chii truang, chinh sach, xay dung cac van ban phap luat, quyet dinh cac du an, cac quyet sach lan lien quan den lgi ich, sir phat trien ciia dat nuac. Chang han, trong Nghj quyet Dai hgi dai bieu toan qudc Ian thir X cua Dang cong san Viet Nam da nhan manh:
""Xdy dtmg quy che gidm sdt vd phdn bien xa hgi ciia mat Iran to quoc, cdc to chiec chinh tri-xd hgi vd nhdn ddn doi vai viec hogch dinh duang loi, chit truang, chinh sdch, quyit dinh lan ciia Ddng vd viec to chiec thuc hien, ki cd ddi vai cong tdc to chiec cdn ho\^^^ Nghi quyet cung de nghi: "'Nhd nuoc han hdnh co chi di mat trdn vd cdc dodn the nhdn ddn thtec hien tot vai tro gidm sdt vd
phdn bien xd hoi".^^^ Chii truong tren ciia Dang da thu hut dugc sir quan tam sau sac ciia cac ca quan, to chirc cua Dang, cac ca quan ciia Nha nuac, to chirc mat tran, cac to chuc chinh tri-xa hgi khac va cac tang ldp nhan dan trong nuac cting nhu su chu y tir cac to chirc quoc te va cac lire lugng a ngoai nuac. Dieu nay cting minh chimg cho qua trinh dan chu hoa dai song nha nuac va xa hgi da va dang dien ra tren dat nuac ta hudng tai xay dung Nha nuac phap quyen xa hgi chii nghTa Viet Nam ciia nhan dan, do nhan dan, vi nhan dan theo tinh than "dan biet, dan ban, dan lam, dan kiem tra" vi muc tieu
"dan giau, nuac manh, xa hgi cong bang, dan chii, van minh". Vi vay, thdi gian qua co nhieu cugc thao luan, tranh luan soi noi ve cac van de lien quan den phan bien xa hgi nhu doi tugng phan bien, gia trj, tac dung ciia phan bien xa hgi...
Phan bien xa hgi, duang nhien la phan bien tir phia xa hgi, cac chii the phan bien 6 day dugc xem la cac to chirc phi nha nuac (to chirc chinh tri-xa hgi, to chirc kinli te, to chirc thugc xa hgi dan su...), cac cong dong dan cu (lang xa, khu dan cu, viing dan cu, cac dan tgc...), cac nhom lgi ich xa hgi (nhom xa hgi CO chung lgi ich nhu thanh nien, phu ntr, tre em, nguai gia...), cac ca nhan.
Doi tugng phan bien xa hgi la cac hoat dgng ciia Dang va Nha nude, ma cu the la:
Viec hoach djnh va to chirc thuc hien nhtrng duong loi, chii truong, chinh sach, quyet dinh lan cua Dang, ke ca doi vai cong tac to chirc can bg; cac ke hoach hoat dgng va cong tac to chuc thuc hien nhtrng chinh sach, cac du an phap luat, cac quyet dinh lan ciia Nha nuac CO anh huong ldn tai moi truang song.
NGHIEN CQU - TRAO 001
tdi lgi ich ciia nhieu nguai, can phai can nhac, tinh toan that kT luong truac khi tien hanh.
Khong thugc doi tugng phan bien la nhtrng nghj quyet ciia Dang, nhtrng quy dinh phap luat ciia Nha nuac da co hieu lire thi hanh;
nhtrng du an, chuang trinh thugc pham vi bi mat quoc gia; nhtrng quyet dinh va hanh vi ciia cac ca quan hanh chinh va tu phap.
Chu the yeu cau phan bien la nhtrng to chuc, ca quan, ca nhan quan li, sir dung hoac sang tao nhtrng doi tugng can phan bien.
Ngi dung phan bien phai theo yeu cau ciia chu the yeu cau phan bien, do vay, tuy theo doi tugng can dua ra phan bien ma dat ra yeu cau van de nao can phan bien cho chii the phan bien. -• •• -•- — Phan bien xa hgi co nhieu diem tuang dong vod phan bien khoa hgc song cting co nhtrng diem khac nhau nhat djnh. llieo tac gia Nguyen Xuyen thi diem khac biet het sire quan trgng giira phan bien xa hgi va phan bien khoa hgc la: ""Phcin bien khoa hgc ve hdn chdt Id khdch quan, khimg co tinh giai cdp. Phdn bien xd hoi ben cgnh thuoc tinh khoa hoc, co thuoc tinh xd hoi, tiec Id phdn dnh cdc quan diem, quyen hri ciia cdc tdng lap khde nhau trong xd hgi. Phdn bien xd hoi khong phdi liic ndo ciing dim tren ca so lap ludn khoa hoc thudn tuy vd cdc yeu to quyen lai chinh tri, kinh te, xd hgi duoc phdn dnh thong qua chii the phdn bi(:n'\''^^ Do vay, viec sir dung nhtrng ket qua danh gia phan bien xa hgi phai het sire can than, phai luon dat lgi ich lau dai ciia nhan dan, cua dat nuac len tren het.
Vdi hinh thirc, ngi dung va each thirc tien hanh phan bien xa hgi nhu da neu tren cho thay phan bien xa hgi co muc dich, tac dung va y nghTa rat Ion doi vai xa hgi. Cu
the la thong qua hoat dgng phan bien xa hgi:
- Se tranh thu dugc tri tue, nhting y kiln dong gop quy bau ciia chu the phan bien.
Kiem tra, khang djnh lai sir can thiet, tinh dung dan, day dii, khoa hgc, phii hgp vai trd tac dung cua cac van de thugc doi tugng phan bien doi vai dai song xa hgi, phat hien nhtrng thieu sot, sai lam co the co ma tac gia cua doi tugng phan bien da khong hoac chua thay het dugc. Tren ca sa nhirng danh gia, nhan xet phan bien giiip cho cac ben tham gia phan bien, nhat la tac gia ciia doi tugng phan bien co the tim ra dugc nhtrng giai phap toi uu de cung co, hoan thien cac van de thugc doi tugng dugc phan bien trong tuang lai nham nang cao sir hoan thien, gia tri, vai tro ciia no doi vai dai song xa hgi.
- Tao ra sir hieu biet, sir iing hg, sir ddng thuan doi vai cac van de thugc doi tugng dugc phan bien truac het la giua cac chii the tham gia qua trinh phan bien va ma rgng han la gitra cong dong, xa hgi vai cac tac gia ciia doi tugng dugc phan bien. Dong thai cting giup cho tac gia cua doi tugng phan bien hoac chii the quan li, sir dung doi tugng phan bien tu tin hon, thuan lgi ban trong viee thuc hien cac van de thugc doi tugng da duge phan bien.
- Hoat dgng phan bien xa hgi con co tac dung ma rgng va thuc hanh dan chii, de cac to chirc, ca nhan co dieu kien thi hien dugc quan diem, chinh kien cua minh d6i vai cac van de thugc doi tugng phan bien co anh huong lan hoac lau dai den lgi ich ciia cong dong, nha nuoc, xa hgi hoac cac ca nhan nhSm huang toi cac gia tri ciia "chan - thien - mf.
vi mirc song va chat lugng cugc song tdt hon. Tranh dugc nhirng y kiln dong gop chi mang tinh chat img hg, khen mgt chilu, tham
NGHIEN Cliru - TRAO 001
chi la xu ninh cac tac gia ciia d6i tugng dugc dua ra de mgi nguoi dong gop y kiln.
Ben canh nhii'ng tac dung tot nhu da neu tren thi phan bien xa hgi cung c6 nhtmg van de nhat djnh ciia no ma khong phai td chuc, ca nhan nao cung muon tien hanh. Bdi boat dgng phan bien xa hgi doi voi mgt so to chirc va ca nhan la su tieu ton thai gian, cong sire, chi phi tien ciia nhat dinh. Doi khi con lam cham tien do ciia du an, gay phirc tap van de.
Ngoai y kien dong tinh, iing hg, trong boat dgng phan bien co the co ca nhtrng y kien khong iing hg gay kho khan cho y dinh, mong muon ciia tac gia doi tugng phan bien.
Va a mgt mirc do nao do, cac y kien khong dong tinh, khong img hg cung phan anh nang lire, trinh do hoac co the la dgng co khong trong sang ciia tac gia doi tugng phan bien.
Do vay, chi nhung co quan, ca nhan nao voi dgng CO trong sang, cau thj, thuc su vi lgi ich chung, vi tien bg xa hgi thi moi mong muon va iing hg phan bien xa hgi.
Chinh vi vay, phan bien xa hgi doi voi cac hoat dgng ciia Dang va Nha nude trong vice hoach djnh cac chu truong, chinh sach, xay dirng cac van ban phap luat, cac du an, cac quylt dinh Ion lien quan den lgi ich, sir phat trien ciia dat nuoc 6 nuoc ta chi co the dugc tien hanh va tien hanh thuan lgi khi co sir lanh dao kip thai ciia cac to chirc dang, su- kien quylt cua cac co quan nha nuoc va sir phoi hgp hoat dgng co hieu qua ciia cac to chirc, ca nhan dugc yeu cau phan bien.
Do nhilu Ii do khac nhau nen thai gian qua d Viet Nam hoat dgng phan bien cac chu truang, chinh sach, cac du an van ban phap luat la chua nhieu, ngi dung ciia nhieu hoat dgng phan bicMi chi dugc thuc hien duoi hinh
thuc cac to chuc va ca nhan tham gia dong gop y kien, kien nghj voi cac to chirc ciia Dang, cac co quan nha nude ve cac van de buc xuc trong xa hgi. Theo van kien ciia dai hgi Dang thi chii the phan bien doi voi cac boat dgng ciia Dang va Nha nuac Viet Nam la Mat tran to quoc Viet Nam va cac doan the nhan dan. Song tren thuc te cting chua co nhirng quy dinh chi tiet, cu the ve quy trinh phan bien, gia tri ciia nhtrng y kien phan bien ciia Mat tran to quoc Viet Nam va cac doan the nhan dan nen viec trien khai cac hoat dgng phan bien duoi hinh thirc phan bien chua the thuc hien dugc.
Co the noi van de phan bien xa hgi d Viet Nam dang trong qua trinh djnh hinh va hoan thien nhung nhting gi ma xa hgi Viet Nam lam dugc trong thdi gian qua thong qua hinh thirc gdp y, kien nghj voi Dang, Nha nude Viet Nam la vo ciing to ldn va hieu qua.
Mac dil chi la nhting y kien ddng gdp va kien nghi ciia cac to chirc va ca nhan nhimg Dang, Chinh phii va cac cap chinh quyen da nghiem tuc xem xet va kien quyet dieu chinh, thay doi mgt so du an cho phii hgp va hieu qua hon.
Nhiing ket qua do cd tac dung co vu, khuyen khich cac to chuc, cong dong, ca nhan chii dgng tham gia va tham gia tich cue, cd hieu qua vao viec dong gdp y kien, kien nghi voi Dang va Nha nuoc ve cac chii truong, quyet sach quan trgng ciia co anh hudng Ion toi lgi ich ciia dat nuoc va nhan dan.
De CO the ""Phdt huy vcd trd vd tgo dieu kien thudn lgi de mat trdn vd cdc dodn the nhdn ddn tham gia xdy dieng dieang loi. chu truang, chinh sdch, phdp lugt ciia Ddng vd Nhd niedc, thiec hien vai tro gidm sdt vd phdn bien xd h()i'"^ ' nang cao chat lugng va
NGHIEN CLTU - TRAO 001
hieu qua cua phan bien xa hgi a Viet Nam hien nay can chu y:
- Day nhanh tien do xay dung nha nuoc phap quyen xa hgi chii nghTa tren cac mat: He thong the che, chire nang, nhiem vu, to chuc bg may, can bg, cong chuc, phuong thuc hoat dgng. Xay dung xa hgi dan chii, trong do can bg, dang vien phai thuc sir la cong bgc ciia nhan dan. Tiep tuc hoan thien co che van hanh ciia nha nuoc phap quyen, bao dam nguyen tac tat ca quyen lire nha nuoc thugc ve nhan dan va nguyen tac quyen luc nha nuac thong nhat, tren co so c6 su phan cong, phoi hgp hgp li giira cac co quan nha nuoc trong viec thuc hien quyen lap phap, hanh phap va tu phap. Cac cap uy dang va cap chinh quyen can ""co che do tiep xiic, doi thogi triec tiep voi nhdn ddn; thuang xuyen ldng nghe y kien ciia mat trdn vd cdc dodn the nhdn ddn phdn dnh vai Ddng, Nhd nuirc nhiing vdn de md nhdn ddn quan tdm, tham gia xdy dieng chit truong, chinh sdch, phdp ludt".'^^^
- Xay dung va hoan thien the che lien quan den boat dgng phan bien doi voi cac boat dgng ciia Dang va Nha nuac theo hudng tang tinh bat buoc cua cac nhan xet, danh gia phan bien. Truac het la doi voi mat tran va cac doan the nhan dan can phai c6 nhtrng quy dinh cu the ve doi tugng, pham vi, hinh thuc va trinh tu phan bien ciia timg chii the cu the.
Bdi muon phan bien xa hgi dat dugc hieu qua thi phan bien phai co dinh huong, co dia chi, pham vi, quy mo, ngi dung cac van de can phan bien phai dugc tinh toan, can nhac sao cho phii hgp voi muc dich phan bien.
Doi mai, nang cao chat lugng to chirc, hoat dgng va nang lire phan bien ciia mat
tran va cac doan the nhan dan de khi dugc yeu cau phan bien xa hgi doi vai cac hoat dgng cua Dang va Nha nuac hg co the dua ra nhirng danh gia, y kien phan bien co chat lugng, dam bao tinh khoa hgc, do tin cay ciia viec phan bien.
- Xay dung quy che ra quyet dinh ciia Dang, hoan thien quy trinh ban hanh van ban quy pham phap luat ciia cac co. quan nha nude. Doi voi nhirng quyet dinh Ion ciia Dang va Nha nuoc phai bao dam phat huy tri tue tap the va phai co co che de nhan dan bay to y kien. Phai lam sao de '"Moi dudng loi, chinh sdch ciia Ddng vd phdp lugt ciia Nhd nuoc deu vl loi ich ciia nhdn ddn, co su tham gia y kien ciia nhdn ddn"".
Xay dung Luat trung cau dan y (de tranh thii y kien nhan dan, ban che nhting bieu hien phan doi, bat binh ciia nhan dan doi vdi cac chinh sach, cac van ban ciia cac co quan nha nuoc). Doi voi nhirng chinh sach, du thao van ban phap luat co anh huong Ion toi quoc ke, dan sinh thi ngoai viec to chuc lay y kien ddng gop cua nhan dan thi trong nhting dieu kien cho phep cac co quan nha nuoc co tham quyen phai to chirc yeu cau phan bien xa hoi ciia mat tran va cac doan thi nhan dan.
- Cong khai, minh bach va bao dam cong khai minh bach cac chinh sach, cac quy dinh phap luat va cac hoat dgng ciia Dang va Nha nuoc (trir nhtmg gi cdn phai bi mat). Cac ca quan nha nuoc khong nen dua vao cac li do khong chinh dang d l khong cong khai thong tin, dat co quan nha nuac cap tren hoac nhan dan truoc nhimg quylt djnh da roi. Viec khong cong khai thong tin, khong thuc hien diing quy chi dan chii, khong thuc hien danh gia phan bien xa hgi truoc khi dua ra nhtrng
NGHIEN CCrU - TRAO OOl
quyet dinh nhieu khi phai tra bang nhtrng gia qua dat la tien ciia, cong sue ciia Nha nuoc, ciia nha dau tu ma xet den cimg la ciia nhan dan, la sir xoi mon, sir ton thuong long tin ciia nhan dan vao nang lire va sir cong tam ciia nlitnig ngudi dai dien cho hg. Nhting ngudi dd dai dien cho nhan dan nhung lai khong noi len tieng noi ciia nhan dan, Iam ngugc lai vdi Igi ich ciia nhan dan, doi lap voi nhan dan.
- Cung can chii y la y nghTa va gia tri ciia phan bien xa hgi la to ldn nhung cung khdng nen tuyet doi hoa vai tro, tac dung cua phan bien xa hgi, cho do la giai phap van nang trong ddi song chinh tri. Phan bien xa hgi chi la mgt trong cac bieu hien ciia CO che tap trung dan chii, nd chi cd y nghTa va gia tri khi nam trong tong the co che tap trung dan chii. Vdi chirc nang quan li xa hgi, vdi mgt so lugng cdng viec phai dieu hanh va giai quyet hang ngay vd cimg nhieu thi cting khdng the td chirc thuc hien phan bien xa hgi cho mgi quyet sach ciia Nha nuac. Neu thuc hien phan bien xa hgi tran lan cd the lam mat di tinh nang dgng va kjp thdi ciia qua trinh quan li, dieu hanh cac cong viec nha nuoc va xa hgi. Neu to chirc khdng tot qua trinh phan bien xa hgi, dan din bj nhtrng ke ca hgi lgi dung thi cd the Iam te liet su dilu hanh ciia Nha nude./.
(l).Xem: Dang cpng san Viet Nam, Vdn kiin Dgi hdi dgi biiu lodn ipidc lan lln'rX, Nxb, Chinh trj quoc gia.
Ha Npi, 2006, tr, 135.
(2).Xem: Dang cpng san Vict Nam, Tldd, tr, 124.
(3). Nguon: http://sokhoahoccn.angiang.gov,vn/Anpham ihonglin/KHCNso5-2007/080507,htm
(4),Xem: Dang cpng san Vict Nam, Tldd, tr, 305, (5).Xem: Dang cpng san Viet Nam, Tldd, tr, 124, (6),Xem: Dang cpng san Vict Nam, Tldd, tr. 125.
BIEN PHAP BAO VE... (tiep theo trang 16)
dau tu Viet Nam.*^^' Song thuc chat day chua phai la hiep hgi ciia cac co ddng dung nghTa.
Ngudi Viet Nam cd cau "mgt cay lam chang nen non/Ba cay chum lai nen hdn mii cao", cho nen cac co dong thieu sd nen hgp sire lai voi nhau de tao thanh "hdn niii" thdng qua cac hiep hgi ciia chinh minh, de cd
"tiing ndi" ldn hon trong DHDCD, HDTV, de cd the ddi hdi cdng ti, ngudi quan li cdng ti phai thuc hien diing nghTa vu, bdn phan' ciia minh. Song, sir ho trg ciia Nha nude ddi vdi qua trinh thanh lap va hoat dgng ciia cac hiep hgi co ddng la thuc sir can thiet.
Tom lai, cd nhieu bien phap, each thirc khac nhau de bao ve quyen va lgi ich chinh dang ciia co ddng, thanh vien cdng ti nhu bang phap luat, bang dieu le cdng ti, bang cac quy tac mem, bang co che lu bao ve ciia cac nha dau tu. Vi the, de tang cudng bao ve cd ddng, thanh vien cdng ti thi Viet Nam can phai hoiin thicMi phap luat cd lien quan vti td chirc thirc hien nghiem tiic cac quy djnh lien quan den bao ve quyen lgi cd ddng, thanh vien cdng ti.
Cd ddng, thanh vien cdng ti cung phai hieu vii biet sir dung cac quyen ciia minh, hieu dugc vai tro quan trgng ciia dieu le va ciic quy tac mem trong viec bao ve cac quyen va lgi ich chinh dang ciia co ddng, thanh vien cdng ti./.
(25). Dieu 5 Dieu le ciia VAFI. Dicu 3 cua Dicu Ic quy dinh ton chi, muc dich ciia VAFI nhu sau: "Hiep hdi Id Id chirc .xd hgi - nghi nghiip hogt ddng phi vu lgi: Dgi diin cho cdc nhd ddu tu tdi chinh Viit Nam: Tap hgp, dodn kil, hgp tdc, giiip dc~r vd bdo vi quyin lgi hop phdp cua hdi viin vd Id diin ddn trao ddi ihdng lin,
cung cdp cdc dich vu cho hi')i viin mdi cdch binh ddng:
.\iic lien phdt triin thi trudng tdi chinh Viit Nam Idnh mgnh, hdl nhdp vcri thi trucrng tdi cliinh qudc li". Ve Hiep hpi cac nha dau tu lai chinh Vict Nam (VAIT)
xem ihcMii website: http://wvvvv,vail.org,vn t
