{lNTK)DUCnON AND EXCHANGE)!!
Quy hoqch va phdt trien ben vAng du lich ven bien qua vi du cua Sdm Stfn, tinh Thanh Hod
* PGS. TSKH. MGUYEM TRUNG DUNG TRUONG DAI HOC THUY LQI
« N B U Y i N Dire NAM ANH TRUCiNG DAI HOC GRIFFITH, C c
[Bdi nhdn ngdy 09/05/2016, boon diinhsdtachQa ngdy 20/05/2016)
T 6 M TAT: Theo xu thi chung, du lich ven bien trong thi ky 21 se khdc so vdi thdi kj- trudc dfl do nhilu nguyin nhan nhu biln ddi khi hdu, 6 nhiem mfli trudng d trln can vl
^ u d i biln, thay doi dilu ki|n kinh te - xd hdi vd sd thich
^ i a du khdch. Kinh nghilm cua cdc quflc gia trong IFnh vyc ndy nhu Tdy Ban Nha, Dye, Thdi Un,.,. Id v6 cung quy gid cho quy hoach vd phdt triln bin viJng du lich biln dIo d Vilt Nam. Nhu nhilu bdi biln d trong nudc, U8ND TX Sim Son dang cd nhijng budc di quan trpng dIu tiln trong quy hoach phdt triln. song si bin vOng hon nlu kit hpp vdi vi|c bdo tfln v l Iflng ghIp thflng minh nhOng ylu tfl ddc ihij vl thiln nhien, Ijch sir, vdn hfla, eon ngudi vd sdn xudt cua dja phuong. Chi nhihig ylu tfl ndy Idm nln sy khdc bi|t ciia dilm din du Ijch.
TCf khoi: Du Ijch ven biln, Idng chdi. bdi biln Sim Son.
ABSTKACT: Coasol tounsm is a form of tourism based on the natural resources combinanon sKh as interface of land and s«. is important for the national economy. As a trend, coastal tourism m the 21st century vwll be different compared to the previous period dtw to many reasons such as climate change, enwronmental pollutron on land and in the sea. changes of sodo-economics conditions and preferences of travelers The experiences of counmes in diis field such as Spam, Germany, Thailand are partiojlariy valuable for the planning and devel- opment of coastal and i^nd tourism m Vietnam. As many beaches in tfie county, the Peopled Committee of Sam Son has done the first important step in the development planning, but it will be more sustainable if combined with the conservation and smart integraton of these ^leeific faao« such as nanjre.
history, culture, the beal peofAe and produaion, Only these el- ements rrjate up the diflerence of the tourism destination.
Keywords: Coastal tounsm, fishing village, beach Sim Son.
1. M a DAU
T
heo wrrC [10], d trIn ihl gkJi du lich la m$t trong nhdng ngdnh lunh doanh Im nhlt. chilm 10%GW todn d u vdi myc tdng tn/i^g nhanh so vdi d c ngdnh chu ehflt nhu sin xult d Id. dich vy til chfnh vd chlm sdc sdc khde. Trong dc loai hinh du lich, du Ijch ven bdn OXVB) tang nhilu trong thdp ky qua, vd de nwSe nghio dupe hudng Ipi K/ xu Ihl ndy. DLVB la mflt hlnh thdc du lich dua vdo su kit hpp hdi hfla cua cac tai nguyin thiln nhiln nhu mji d3t va biln cA Oiung t ^ a nhCing ii|n nghi frfiyc
vy du lich nhu mil nude, bli tdm, phong dnh ihien nhiln, spda dang v l sinh hpc d trln can vd dudi nudc, sU phong phu v l di sin vdn hda vl Ijch sd d trln bd, ngufln thyc phlm dfli ddo tuoi sflng vl gidu dinh dudng cung nhu mpi co sd ha ting t6t Du Ijch ven bi&i (coastal tounsm) gflm du lich nglm dflng v|t hoang dd. du lich ndng thfln, du lich trang trai, du lich m^o hilm, du tich sinh thai, du lich dap xe da ngoai. du lich di bd, du lich Sa chli dja maa du Ijch Idm nghiip, du lieh xanh, du lich eudi ngya, du lich cd ttldi nhilm. du lich bin vOng, du lich thIm di sii. du lich
tich cue vd du Ijch thiln nhiln, DLVB gflm nhilu hoat dpng d trln can vd dudi nude trln eo sd phdt triln d c eo sd dich vy du Ijch (khdch s^n, nhd hang, khu nghi du&ig. resort, ) vl dc co sd ha ting phy trp (bin dng, cdu tdu, du thuyin, eda hlng chuyin bin dfi d u d , bCT Idn ...). Bin canh nhflng dilu ki|n vjt chit, phit triln DLVB cfln phy thuflc khd nhilu vdo ddc dilm kinh t l - xd hfii ciia dia phuong noi cung d p dich vy du lich nhu M ich Ciia cflng dflng dia phuong, dilu k i ^ 1^ Stic khfle vl an ninh, de ylu tfl chinh tri bao gflm d cuflc khung hodng iHlExAyouN 31
• n i M 161, oAi Tiniv cmvfiii miUH (INTOODUCTION AND EXCHANGE)
khd dodn trudc. b i ^ dflng v l ry gid hfli dodi vd d c mfl hlnh truyin thong trong Wiai thic du ^ hoac. dcm gidn nhu quing d o v l diem du Ijch. Olc bilt d n luu y d&i d c dilu kiln mfli tn/dng rrfiu tinh hlnh thdi till khd du bio, h i ^ tupng gia ting tdo biln. gid. 6 nhilm ngufln nudt \d edc nil ro thiln tai nhuehay K/ng.
sflng than, bdo lyl. eung nhU nhilu van d l khdc se diln ra bit ngd va Inh hudng din du Ijch d khu vuc d n va ven bila Song bin canh dd du lich dd gdy ra nhiing vln d l nhlt il^nh [8L nhu: (1) Gia tang khi nha kinh do luu lupng giao thflng d c loai din vung, dimg sudi v l dilu hda: (2) Ting lUi^Tg nude tHu thy. gdy I p lye din ^1 nguyin nudc dang bj suy gilm vd idng canh tranh sir dyng nudc vdi edc ngdnh nhu ndng n g h i ^ vd nhu t^u nude eda dja phuwig; (3) Tdng chit thdi rln vd nudc thdi, vupt qud khd ndng xi) ly ciia d\a f^uong vd 6 nhilm do khdch san xd nudc thdi chua qua xiJ ly tryc nip ra biln; (4) Anh hudng xlu tdi da dang sinh hpc nhu ran san hfl, vung ddt ngdp nude ven biln, tdi nguyin fimg vd d c h | sinh thdi trln can vd dudi nudc (S) Tdng xung dpt vdi cfing dfing din ey dja phuong. xult phIt tfl thdt bai trong Iflng ghIp sy da dang smh hpc vIo trong kl hoach. ddu tuvd vln d l chia si Ipi Ich; vd (6) Anh hudng din tfnh toan v?n vd nguyin bin ciia vdn hfla dia phuong V|t Nam cfl vj iri dja 1^ chiln tupc thudn lpivlbiln[l] mBdbiinOdngtrdidditrin 3.200 km v(M ty II bd biln cao (1 km bd
bien trln 100 km'dienti'chdat liln, trung binh n l n I h l gicS 600 km-l. (2) Biin €>dng vdi di$n rich khodng 3,4 Iri^ km'duoc bao boc b& 9 quoc gkj. Id biln Idn thfl 2 tren the gidi sau Oia Tmng Hli; (3) cd khoing Z773 hdn dao Idn nhd vdi i&ig dien tich phln dIt ndi la 1.720 km'.
Kit qui Ciia ngdnh du lich Viet Nam cdn kha khiem tfln so vdi d c nude trong khu viie: d ( ^ gdp vdo GOf^ true tilp 4,6%, k l dphyirp93%.NIm2013chfnh phli phi duylt D l I n "Phdt tnin du lich biin, ddo vd viing ven biin W^I Nam din ndm 2020' trong Quylt dinh 2782/QO-SWntlL ngay 15/08/2013, xdc djnh 7 khu vyc npng dilm Uu tiln phdt triln du Ijch, trong 66 da cd tdi 5 khu vuc Id thuflc dii ven biln. MIc du cho din nay, nhilu tilm ndng dac sic oia du lich biln, d|c bi|t Id h§ thflng dIo, gdm d quin dIo Hodng Sa vd Tn/dng Sa. ehua dupe dIu tu khai thdc mflt d c h tuong xdng, cho dO d dii ven biln hiln dd cd tdi 70% cdc khu, dilm du hch trong cd nude, hlng ndm thu hOt khodng 48-65% lupng khdch du Ijch. Thu nhdp Ed hoat dpng du Ijch biln chilm t:^ trpng cao trong thu nhdp du Ijch Vi|t Nam, D l thyc hi|n tfit d l dn ndy, ehOng la cdn phli quy hoach phdt triln bin vflng biln, ddo vd viing ven biln Trong nhflng ndm gin dly d c tinh dang trong qui trinh hi|n dai hfla bli biln nhlm thu hut nhilu hon khdch du lieh, vl dy 01 NIng, Hfli An, Nha Trang, 8di Chdy,... Cdu chuyin gdn ddy nhdt Id vi|e ndng d p bai biln Sdm Son theo hudng hiln dai. Dai da
so ngudi ddn nhln thIy wee ndng c ^ n ^ Id can thilt, song nlu khflng dung sllnh hudng din hlng trdm hfl ddn dang kfnh doanh ven biln, hdng nghin lao dflng t^
d c bin tlu t h u y ^ ddnh cd vd cdc ngdnh phy trp. V|y gidi phdp nao hop ly eho pha trien bin vflng? Trong b l i bdo ndy, lie gjl bin din vi|e bio tfln vd Ifing ghIp cfc ; >) ling chdi tnjyin tt>fing vao quy hoach vd phdt triln du Ijch bin vihig vung ven vd d n biln qua kinh nghilm cOa d c nudc
2. NHUNG B A I HOC VE PHAT TRIEN DU LICH VEN BIEMUTRENTHiGldl
BIng 1 cung d p mflt sfl thflng tin dItlOn cho vile so sdnh gifla d e qufie gia dupc d l c|p sau ddy.
2.1. Tly Ban Nha - Khai thdc tri^t d l khflng gian ven b i l n phuc vi^ cho du Ijch dai tr^
Tdy Ban Nha Id mflt qufie gia cfl nhilu du khIeh, dilng thfl 2 t h i gidi vl cfl bd biln tuylt d ^ vd khi h|u dn hfla ciing v«
nhflng tda Idu ddi tring l | mang nil ki^n tryc Thiln chua gido. Bin canh dd. Im thyc l l y Ban Nha i l t da dang vd rupu vang ngm nfii tilng. Do vdy todn bfi bd biln tilp gidp vdi Oia Trung Hdi dIu dupc phdt triln cho du Ijch, song m i l i!^ xly dyng fit l*i nhtf -"
Malaga, Barcelona vd Alicante gdn 50«
(xem Hlnh 1). Nhilu tli li|u dd gpi md hlnh phdt triln DLVB ciia TSy Ban Nha II qui trinh ' b l tdng hda v l chn hfi hfla todn bO bdi biSn'(betonization and aportmanization B A N G L S O S A N H MOT saoUflC GIA VSDieNTlCH, BO BlfNVA KHACH Q U d c r t
Hit^TtiAroMi
ONlHODUCnON AND EXCHANGE) m w wtk iMl l l ^ a OIIIVSM MBlUiB |
offhecDosy. Hp da xdy dyng nhung day nha cao troc irtK Idm khIch saa r ^ hdng va d n hfi. Benktom la mflt thdnh phfl «&i hinh.
Benidonn trong nhOng n&n 193) con g mdt Idng ehdi nghIo vdi 25 ngdn din, ed ba bd biln dep vdi d t iring mjn, vdo h i chl ddn it khach din tlm biln. Hai mucB ndm sau, du Wilch phdt hi|n ra vl d ^
^lln nhiln cQa nt« d ^ vl tfl dd Beni- dorm diuy6i mJnh. Ngdy nay, cdn dupc m|nh danh la little New York" (xem Hinh 2). Song ti/ eu* nhOng ndm 1990 trd lai dly, sfi du khddi gidm di. Do v|y difnh phu dang dp dyng de biln phdp Idm miS khu du Ijdi vdi dc eo sd dirfi vu. Nhin lai la thay nhflng h | qui trong phdt tnen d Benidorm nhu sau. (l) Phdt triln kinh t l cho vimg ven vd d n biln, tao cdng an vi|c Idm cho ngudi dia phuong (d khIch |
san, nha hlng va aim du Ikh); (2) Xly dung vd nIng d p co sd ha tang, song ed nhCng sai llm chinh uong xly diffig nhu quy hoach, chat Iuong xdy dung, ty II xay cflng trmh cao tang, 1 ^ qua nhilu quy dat ndng nghiip va dan den mat cflng an vile Idm ciia ngudi dia phuong dinh mIt van hfla bin dja vi dy nhap khau am thyc mang tinh thyc dung tfl d c nuflc khac (qua du khdch); (3) Dac t»lt til nhiing nam 1990 den nay, diinh quyln phdi dfli mdt vdi nhOTig vln de Idn nhu thi&j nudc ngot trim trpng. rdc va nudc thii. d nhilm lieig an. hiln tupng mdt d t d bdi bim.
2.2. mc - Khai thac du Ijdi ven bien Itit he^ vdi gin giO tai nguyin thiln nhien, phat trien ndng nghiip v i bio tfin lang que truyen thong Dfle cfl bd biln ddi 2 J89 km WB 20 ddo vt
dien tich tir 5.9 km'trd len. Bon bang vl hai thanh phfi Otemburg vl Bremen) tilp gidp vdi bien Ble vd bien Ban Tich. Mfli tnidng ty niaen oia hai bim khIc nhau vl eo bdn.
Biln BIc cfl tfiuy trilu, cd bdi ling, tii:h ty, ... edn biln Banfich gin nhub\ <Kng kin, khflng cd thdy trilu, ty 11 trao dfii nudc thdp, nhilu ddo vl bdn dIo Dac tn/ng khu vyc ven bi&i Due II khdng gian ndng thdn vdi COduylu kim (phIt triln nflng nghiip va t? II thIt nghiip cao), song phy thuflc nhilu vdo san xult nflng nghiip, dinh bit ihuy sin vd phyc vy du l(ch. Mac dii nflng nghiip viing d n vd ven biln cd f nghia kinh tigidi han, song quan trpng Id nd kiln tao nln dnh quan thtin nhiln cho todn bfl khflng gian ven biln. Du khdch Ddc rat chu t n ^ din vi|c bio v| tdi nguyin vl mdi tn/dng thiln nhiln eung nhu ylu
LU
• 1990 BT4notl> 1990 a*n 2000
Mai ddxjy dung vCT biln Tay Ban Nha phyc vu du Ijch [3]
Hlnh 1. Bd bien Tdy Ban Nha d Dja Tmng Hil vfli chuoi thanh ph6 du Ijch
TrofKi nhOng nam 19S0 Mil cdn te mflt ling chil nghto
vS bit fldu bilng ofl tirojfll nhOng nam 1960 .. ngay nay gijri IS •Little New York'
r*rr;^Tr"''""^''*'"^""""'"-^^'-^-'^'^-"''»^'^i-"w--'*v«.a..„
^ • t i u o adt am rata aoneM UMAMH (iNnuiDucriON AND EXCHANGE)
d u ve nhiing Din nghi ifli thUu ciia viing ven biln. d cdc vung ven vd d n bien, cflng dflng din eU cfl glng gin gifl d n h q u ^ thiln nhiln, chinh iiang ling qui va nhd ciia. bdo tfln d c c ^ trinh lich sfl van hda, . Do vly. ihay vi xdy dyng nhflng khIch san k3n hay trung idm du lich hodnh trang nhudTly Ban Nha tht d e trang irai ndng
ddn vd nhd d truy^ fifing eiia din dupc I a) Bai da trSng Siubtienkammer d Rugen siJr dung llm nhd nghi va khach san. Hinh
3a vd 3b cho ttily sy t«i trong d n h quan thUn nhiln va bio ton trong phat trien nflng thdn d l phuc vu cho du Ijch.
Bfei canh vi|c gin gifl n'nh da dang vd a/
hip din ciia d n h quan ty nhUn vfln cd oia Wiflng gen ven biln thi d c thlnh f ^ ven biln dang thyc h i ^ k l hoach
^rbor revitaSmtion'. dd Id wle Idm 'sflng lai'vd chuyin dfii chflc ndng cua b&i Idu.
hdi d n g vd nhd miy ddng tdu cu md nay d&ig cia. cho myc dich tao khdng gian nghi ngd gidi Df, dilm thuong mai vd gin gifl khdng gian vdn hda - lich sfl truyin thfing nhu trong Hlnh 3c Nhiing cflng trinh Idn dupc xSy dyng injdc dly vi dy tfl hpp khddi san khflng 16 Prora trln ddo Ru- gen. mflt tfla nhl liln khfli ddi 4 i km cao 6 tdng. dupc xly trong ^ gian 1936-1939.
cd t h i tilp nhdn 20 ngdn du khdch, song tij nIm 1990dln naybfl khflng hodn toln vd khflng khai ihle cho du Ifch (xem Kinh 3d).
3 . QUY H04CH VA P H A T T R l i N B £ N VUNG DU LICH VEN B l i N - CAN IffiT HOP VDI BAD T D N LJUVG CHAI TRUYtN THONG QUA Vi DU CUA SAm SON Tir nam 1907, ngyM Phdp bdt ddu khai thdc gid tri du Ikh ciia Sim Scffi, xdy dung thdnh noi nghi mdt phyc vu ngucB Phdp v l vua quan Trilu Nguyin Ody II thdi dilm ddnh dIu sy ra ddi cua du l|ch Sim Son. TX Sim Son chinh ihijc dUpc thdnh l|p ngdy 18/12/1981 Iheo Quylt dinh 157/QD/
HOBT Sau nhdu lln sdp nhdp vd md rflng.
gin dly. ngay 14A)5«015 TK Sim Son
d) KhIeh san khfing Ifi Prora dpc bd biln d dIo Rugen Hlnh 3. Mpt sS hlnh Inh v l DLVB dOiJc- Khai t h i c d c d i e tfnh dia phyong dupc md rfing thflng qua vi|c sip nh|p
Ihim 6 xd. Ndm 2015,T)( Sim Son rflng 45 km', gflm 4 phudng (QuIngTiln, Bdc Son, Trung Sffli vd Trudng Son) vd 7 x l (Qudng Chdy Qudng Cu, QuIng Dgi, Qudng Hung, Qudng Minh, QuIng Vinh vd Qudng Thp).
Tfle dp tang ddn sfl khi nhanh 53.536 ngudi ndm 2009 vd 100.000 nlm 2015.
M|t dd ddn sfl Id 3.400 ngudl/km^ Phia Bde thi x l gidp Sdng M l ; phia Nam xa Qudng Hli (H. Qudng Xuong); phia Oflng gidp Bien Dflng vd phfa l l y gidp xl QuIng Tdm v l xa Qudng Giao (H QuIng Xuong), dchTPThanh Hda 16 km (xem Hinh 4). 0 1 phuc vu du Ijch, Sim Son cd gin 400 ca sd nha nghi, khIch san vdi hon sdu nghln phdng nghi, dim bio ddn 15-20 nghln luot du khdch/ngdy v l binh qudn mfli ndm khodng 1,2-U tri|u lupt du khdch. Ngodi du lich biln, gdn dly Sim Sffli cdn md nhilu loai hlnh vui chd gidi tri khIc
Nghi chli ludi - M6t nghi tru^n thdng MAX diA dSJmSon [4}
Theo truyin thuylt vd qua h | thflng i3en ddi, mllu mao cung nhu t|p qudn d thfln x§ thi cd t h i nfli, ngudi Sim Son xua Id quIn cu ven bd sflng M l vd sflng Do;
chuyin d y lua, trfing khoai, chin nufli vd ddnhbithdisin Docdngutrudngvddc dilu kiln ty nhiln thu|n Ipi, khai thdc hdi sdn Id nghi sin xult chfnh vd llu dM t Sim Son. Hli sin d dly ddi ddo v l lypng vd chiing loai nhu d Chim, Thu, Ny, Myc . .ddlycflsyphlncdnglaodflngrltffl nit trong d c gia dinh: ddn dng di Win ddnh d , ddn bd d nhd dan ludi. d|t He.
budn bdn v l chdm sdc gia dinh. Bin canh dfl, d ddy d l sdm ra ddi nghi chl biln vd tilu thy hdi sdn.
Theo thflng k l ciia Chi eye thfing k l tinh Thanh Hda thi hi|n nay todn tfnh cd 7.058
(INTOODUCnON A N D EXCHANGE) TMO rtl. fflftl imlu OnirtW HOAHHI
B A N G 2. s a 0 6 N G t VOl NHCTNG Q U A N D\iM (NHAN OlNHl COA N G U D A N VA DU KHACH [SJ
7. CdcbaitamcanduocnangdpvasfldyngmienphUdnkhuvycfaaibilnFLCfkltirV^nChdifiBort _ cho din Ciia sdng) n§n ddnh cho khSch c6 di&j ki|n vl tJi chlnh nghi ngd.
Hinh 4. Bin 06 hlnh chfnh TX S jm Son gflm vung ven bien vl cIn biln tdu thuyin vdi ifing cflng suit Id 390,9
nghln CV, binh qudn 55^9 CV/tdu vdi dc hlnh thflc ddnh nhu ludi klo (34,2%), ludi rl (21,7%), d u (15,6%), lutii vly (11,5%), mdnh vd (4,7%). Rilng Sdm Son ed 235 tlu vdi edng suit nhd 20 CV vdi quy mfl tmng blnh 1,95 lao dpng/tdu vdfl ludi klo vl clu cd Id chinh. Do tlu nhfl nln di biln thudng trong ngay. Cic hfl gia dinh chhi ludi cfl mijc thu nh|p trung binh (iheo
dinh gid dya vIo mflc tieu diing di|n cho sinh hoat hlng thdng). dil d l trang trdi cuflc sfing vd cd ft tich luy. Hlnh 5a, 5b vd 5c dio Ihly nghi ehdi lutf Id mdt tnjyIn th&ig d|c tM$t eOa dia phuong.
CJn bdo ton ling chli tniyin th^g trong quy hoach phIt trien bin viihg Sim Son vl trong vijng Myc tieu duac nlu trong Bin Vuy
hopch Chung xdy di/ng thj xd Sdm San din ndm 2025, tdm nhin din ndm 203S' II: (1) Phdt triln todn di|n dfl thj du Ijch Sim Son dat tilu chf dfl thi loai II, hlnh thlnh lien dfl thj Thanh Hda - Sim I Son v l tam glle tdng trudng TP Thanh j Hoa - Sim Son - Nghi Son, 11 dpng lye quan trpng phdt tnln kinh t l - xd hfli eiia tfnh; (2) Xly dyng Sim Son thlnh do Ihl du Ijch, nghi mdt, cd bin sic, thuong hilu ding d p quflc gia vd qufie t l . Trong mflt nghiln eflu dfle lip cfla tic gil (khIo sit 50 hfl din chdi vd 105 khdch du lich) vdo thdng 05/2016 da cd nhflng kit qud thy vj d Bdng 2. Quan dilm vd sd ihlch ciia hai dfli tupng (ddn chdi va khdch du Ijch) ed khIc nhau, song dang cfl sy ti|m c|n v l tuong dfing, vf dy quan dilm sfi 1, 2, 5, 6, 9 vd 10. Ngu ddn ehua dfing y vdi quan dilm 8 vd chfnh quyln d n cfl chlnh sdch thich hpp
KWHTtxArOUNGlaj
• M i Mil n^M oMribi M I (INTRODUCTION A^
TO nhflng kit qud nghiln oiu nlu trln tie gil cd mdy kiln nghj chinh sau n mc ra quyit dinh cua UBND TX Sdm San vi gid Ipi 3 bin neo i^u tdu thuyin - ben 1 (din Dpc Cude, phudng Tn/cmg S<m). ben 2 (phudng Tmng Son) vl bin 3 (gdn Resort RO - eho bd eon ngu ddn trong thing 03/2016 Id dung, hpp Idng din vl phu h ^ xu hudng chung trln thi gidi, dfl la bdo ton vd Iflng ghIp d c lang chli trong phdt trien du lich. Nhu I vdy dnh dinh bdt eiia ngu din vd bin tdu thuyin. dupe coi II mfli sdn phlm du Ijch d|c trung nlu to ehdc tflt se tao thdnh mflt dnh quan vd cung dep cho khdch du lieh, Idm bai biln trd nln sfing dflng. Nlu cd thi thi nln biln m^t vli ling chdi tniyln thfing thdnh nhOng bdo ting sfing vl nghi chdi ludi d Sim Son vl nd khIc hodn todn vdi khIch san gid danh Idng chai nhu'Van Char.
2) Nin liin kit viing du lich biin rdng Idn.
tfldlu tinhThanh Hfla cho din Ngh| An, hinh thdnh mflt chudi flilm DLVB. Trong dfl nln quy hoach dilm phyc vy eho du Ijch dai trd vdi ty II xdy dyng cao. cfln nhilu dilm nln gifl dnh biln hoang so ban dIu d l phyc vy cho khdch nghi dudng vdi y thich chilm ngudng sy hoang so cua thiln nhiln. Nhi/ng dfii tupng ndy khdng thfch chd ddng ngudi vl dnh bdi tri nhdn tao cua dc resort hi$n nay. Theo kinh nghi|m d chdu Au thi irong tuong lai xu hudng ndy se tdng. Ngodi ra phli liln kit vdi cdc dilm du lich d n biln nfii liing d Thanh Hda trong vdng bdn kfnh nhlt dinh nhu d u Hdm Rflng, ihdnh nhd Hfi, Idng chilu NgaSon,...
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4) Bd biin (tinh til mlp nude bien cho din mfit khoing dch nhdt dfnh theo Lu|t Biln cOa Vi|t Nam vl trln t h i B f l t'lupc v l cflng cflng. Song nhilu
tinh da giao cho nhd dIu tu, vi vdy co |
quan chflc ndng nln tao dilu kiln eho ngUddn di d o ngao trong khu vyc nay Ngudi dan St d o ngao se Idm cho bai bien sfing ddng vd nln tho, ddng thdi trdnh ling phi tdi nguyin thiln nhiln.
Ngoli ra, trong qud trinh chinh trang lai bd biln ngudi ta d l chat phd qui nhilu rCmg phi lao vl dilu do rat nguy hai trude tinh hlnh biln ddi khi hdu va xdi Id bd biln.
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nudc khdc cho thay. vi|c xly dyng hiln dai vd be tdng hda ven bien se din din nhOng he qud nhlt dinh vl khfing cdn phu hap vdi xu t h i phdt triln trong t h i ky 21. OVilt Nam, nhilu tinh thdnh d l chit khue, chia doan bd biln cho cdc nha dau tu de xdy dung nhflng khIch san, resort vl sdn golf. Chfnh vl vdy da din din hien tupng, tfl khu nghf d bli failn eye bdc cho din eye nam dIt nude deu giflng nhau v l moi phuong diln (In d, ngu nghi vl cdnh quan nhln tao).
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l^}S^''^'''^Ngdnhdngthigldidtranghttp-J/data.worldbank.org/}ndlcator/A6.LND.TOn.K2vdSSil6ucdahttps://
en.wlkipedia.org/wlklAist_of_countrles_byJength_of_coasHlne.
i^if'^--^^*^-^^-europa.eu/data-and-maps/figures/percentage-of-buitt-up-area-in-the-first-km-of provlnce-in-spain-1990-and-2000.
l^}f>"P^/iomson.thanhhoa.gov.vn/portal/Pages/default.aspxvdcdctrangmgngchlnhthdngkhdc [5] Khdo sdt cua Nguyen Thj Phuang, sinh vi4n Idp S4K, Dai hpc Thuy 10.
l^[<i"y^f^"t^2782/QB-BVHTTDLngdy15/08/2013vivlicphiduyetDidn'Phdtthinduilchbiin.ddovdvdngv biin Wit Nam din ndm 2020'.
[7] UNEP (2009): Sustainable Coastal Tourism - An integrated planning and management.
[8] UNEP (2013): Green Economy and Trade - Trends. Challenges and Opportunities.
l9iNeto,F.(2003):AnewapproochtosustainabietourismdevelopmentMovingbeyondenvironmentaiprotection.
[10] WTTC (2015): Travel & Tounsm Economic impact 2015 WORLD, The World Travel & Tourism Council (VmC).
l''''^^(^'l-'<^^*'"onagementlnGermany(Spedal}~Planning,Netwo^^^^
Coastal Une^voiume 16 (No. 1.2007) ofTheEU coastal Union. '"manon.
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