• ^ 1 | Dien ddn phdt Irien _
0 L Y HOACH SLI DUNG TAI NGUYEN, BAO VE MOI TRUdNG BIEN VA HAI DAO
dE phat triGn kinh te bien ben vOhg!
HA THANH BIEN
TRONG NHUNG NAM QUA, CAC N G A N H K H A I THAC BIEN D A CO SU PHAT T R I 6 N N H A T DINH TRONG VIEC KHAI THAC, SLT DUNG NGUON TAI NGUYEN PHONG PHU VA DA DANG CUA BIEN VIET NAM. TUY NHIEN.
VIEC SU DUNG cAC TAI NGUYEN BIEN NAY V A N CON NHUNG BAT CAR T H r f u TINH BfiN VUNG, SU PHAT TRifiN CUA c A c N G A N H KINH Tfi BifiN CUNG D A N DEN M A U T H U A N V E LOI iCH, KHONG GIAN GIUA C A C B E N . DO VAY DE PHAT TRIEN KINH TE BIEN B £ N V U N G D O I H O I CO MOT QUY HOACH T 6 N G THE N H A M DifiU P H 6 I V I E C SU" DUNG HOP LY T A I
NGUYEN, BAO VE MOI TRUONG BIEN v A H A I D A O (BVMTB-HD) TRONG QUA TRINH P H A T TRIEN,
Hien trang ve quy hoach sur dung tai nguyen, bao ve moi truAng bien va hai dao Viet Nam
Bien va hai dao co vj tri quan trong trong sy phat trien cua nudc ta, dac biet khu vUc ven bien la ndi tap trung ddng dan cU smh sdng, la ndi phat tnen manh cac nganh, Imh vyc lien quan den sd dyng tai nguyen bien nhu danh bat va nudi trdng thuy hai san, cdng bien va hang hai, du lich bien, khai thac khoang san bien,,,
Thdi gian qua, tinh hinh l<hai thac, sd dung va quan ly bien, hai dao va viing bd d nudc ta da c6 nhieu co gang va dat dupe nhQng thanh tyu nhat dinh. Tuy
nhien, do cac nganh khai thdc bien phat trien tren cd sP quy hoach nganh, chua ddng tren gdc dp phat then tong hdp ua ben vdng bien nen viec khai thac tiem nang viing bd de phat trien kinh te hien con nhieu ban che, chUa ben vUng, ehi/a dap ifng yeu cau dUa dat nudc nhanh chong thoat khoi tut hau ve phat tnen, Cdn tdn tai rat nhieu van de lien quan den nguPn tai nguyen va mdi trudng vijng ven bien, can eac cong cu giiip cac cd quan ciia Chinh phii Viet Nam quan ly bien mpt each tong hpp va thong nhat, trong d6 quy hoach sd dung tai nguyen, BVMTB-HO la mpt trong nhung nhiem vu dupe Uu tien hang dau.
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2 6 H \ \ ( ; IHIMK'I'NUl • Soll/2013
_ Dien ddn phat trien ^
Nhdn thife dUdc tam quan trong ve edng tdc quy hoach biln, edc cd quan hdu quan da ban hdnh nhilu van ban quy pham phdp ludt tao hdnh lang phdp 1;^ eho viee xay dyng quy hoach khdng gian biln. Chiln luoe biln Viet Nam din nam 2020 djnh hudng edc quan diem chd dao, myc tidu phln dlu va eac djnh hudng trong phat tnen kinh tl-xa hdi;
quIc phdng, an ninh, doi ngoai; dieu tra CO bdn ve tdi nguydn, mdi InJdng biln;
phdt triln khoa hpc-edng nghe biln; bdo v? mdi tn/dng biln vd ven biln, phdng chIng thien tai; xdy dung kit cau ha tang vd chiln lupc eac vung bien. Luat Bien Vidt Nam, dupe Quee hdi thdng qua tai ky hpp thd 3 (21/6/2012), cd hidu lUc thi hdnh tif 01/01/2013, da ddnh mdt chuong ve phdt trien kmh t l bien, bao gIm edc quy d[nh ve can ed lap quy hoach vd npi dung quy hoach. Nghj d|nh s i 25/2069/NO-CP ngdy 06/3/2009 cua Chinh phii v l qudn 1;^' ting hpp tdi nguydn vd BVMTB-HO cung cd quy dinh v l vide Idp vd phd duypt quy hoach sd dyng tdi nguydn vd BVMTB-HD. Ngodi ra, Thdng tu s6 19/2011/TT-BTNMT ngdy 10/6/2011 cua Bp Tdi nguyen va Mdi tmdng cung da quy dmh ky thudt ve Idp quy hoach, il^lu chinh quy hoach sif dyng tdi nguydn vd BVMTB-HD.
Xdy dung quy hoach siil dung tii nguydn. bdo vd mdl tnfihig bi^n vd h d l d k
Quy hoach sd dung tdi nguydn, BVMTB-HD Id thilt Idp phUdng dn sd dyng hpp ly tdi nguyen, gidi quylt ede mil tUOng tdc gida edc phUdng thdc sd dgng vd mdu thuSn giOa edc quy hoach chuydn ngdnh nhim cdn bing gida nhu d u phdt tnIn kinh tl-xa hpi vd BVMTB*
HO. Vi$c xdy dyng quy ho?ch nay nhdm t ^ ra mpt cdng cy qudn ly Nhd nude ting hpp, thing nhIt; gdp phan sd dyng, khai thdc, phdt triln mpt cdch cd hipu qud vd bin vdng ngudn tdi nguydn biln.
phyc vy tot nhat ydu cau phdt tnen kinh tl-xa hpi eua dat nudc.
Quy hoach sd dung tai nguyen, BVMTB-HD nhdm eung cap cdng cu quan trpng giup cac nha hoach djnh chinh sdch, cac nha qudn ly trong vide ban hanh chinh sach phdt trien, qudn ly quy hoach sif dung ed hieu qua tai nguyen bien va hai ddo trong phat tnIn kinh te-xa hdi, bdo vd mdi tmdng, bao ddm an ninh-qudc phdng, bdo ve chu quyIn vd ldi ich quoc gia. Quy hoach nay dya tren each tiep can phdn vimg biln dmh huPng phdt trien khdng gian, gidm thieu cac xung dot mau thuan ldi ich eho cac nganh, Quy hoach sd dung tai nguyen, BV(V1TB-HD nhdm dUa ra eac quylt dmh co tinh den cae ylu to tong hdp ldi ich chung cho tudng lai da dinh ra trudc do, dieu nay cho phep giai quyet cdc mau thuan va lua chpn phUdng thde qudn ly phii hdp de duy tri vd bdo vd cac he smh thai quan trpng. Quy hoach se giup edc ngdnh phdt triln mpt each ben vJ3ng vd hidu qud
De dat dupe muc tieu da de ra trong Nghj quyet ve Chien lupc biln Viet Nam din ndm 2020, nhidm vu xay dyng quy ho^ch tong the sif dung bien la bet sdc nang ne va quan trpng. Quy hoach ndy phdi dl trudc mdt budc vi nd djnh hudng ede ho?t ddng khai thae, sd dung bien trong tUdng lai. Do vdy, quy hoach phai ddp ifng dupe cac yeu cau:
Mgt la, Quy hoach sd dyng tdi nguydn, BVMTB-HO ca vai trd quan trpng doi vdi qudn ly Nhd nude tong hpp, thong nhat ve biln va hai ddo. Quy hoach sd tao sy thing nhat trong v i ^ sap xep to ehdc lai cdc khdng gian kinh t l biln, khdc phuc nhdng chong cheo, bat cap eua quy hoach theo ngdnh, gdp phan gidi quyet cde xung dpt, mdu thuan Ipi ich gida cdc ngdnh.
Hai la, Quy hoach xdc Idp sy on dinh ve m|t phdp ly eho edng tdc qudn ly Nhd nude v l biln vd hdi ddo nhdm thilt lap sy phii hpp, tham gia chdt che cd hi^u qud
gida cdc CO quan hdu quan, cac doanh nghidp, edng ddng ddn cu trong vide phdt trien kinh te va BVMTB-HD.
Ba la. Quy hoach sd dung tdi nguyen, BVMTB-HO Idm ed sd de tien hdnh giao khu vyc biln de khai thdc tdi nguydn biln trong phdt trien kinh t l .
B6n li, Quy hoach se ndng eao nhan thde cua dan eU, edng ddng vung ven biln, tao ra y thdc bdo vd chu quyIn quoc gia cQng nhu khai thdc sCf dung ben vdng tdi nguydn, BVMTB-HO.
Nam la, Quy hoach gdp phan phat trien ben vdng tdi nguyen bien, bdo ve mdi trudng, tao can bang sinh thai, dng phd vdi bien doi khi hau va nude bien dang, ttf dd tao dinh hUdng khai thac sd dung bien va hai dao mdt each ben vdng than thien vdi mdi tmdng.
o l dat dupe muc tieu xay dyng thanh cdng Quy hoach sif dung tai nguydn, BVMTB-HD cdn co su tich hdp nhieu yeu to, trong dd phan vung khdng gian biln de khai thdc, sd dung se Id ylu to quan trpng, mang tinh chu dao cho sy thanh cdng ndy O l sdm hoan thdnh cdng tdc quy hoach sd dung tdi nguydn, BVMTB-HD phuc vu phdt tnen kmh t l bien ben vdng can phdi thUe hien dong bp mot sd gidi phap
- Hodn thien cac chinh sach, van bdn phap ludt Idm cd sd cho vide xdy dUng quy hoach sd dung tai nguydn, BVMTB-HD.
- Day nhanh cdng tac dieu tra cd bdn tdi nguydn-mdi trudng bien de tao dUde bp dd lieu chinh xdc, lam can cif de de ra phUdng an phat trien phii hpp trong quy hoach.
- Nang cao nhan thdc v l tam quan trpng cua cdng tde quy hoach sd dyng tdi nguydn, BVMTB-HD cua ngUdi dan, do- anh nghidp va cae ed quan htru quan.
- Tang CUdng hdp tdc quoc t l de trao doi, hpc hdi kinh nghiem, cdng nghd tidn tien tren t h i gidi.
Trong khi con tdn tai rat nhilu vin de lidn quan din nguon tai nguydn vd mdi trudng biln, vide lap quy hoach khdng gian sd dung va xif ly cdc tranh chap v l nguon tai nguydn sd giup edc ed quan nha nude gidi quyet nhdng van de nay mdt cdch tong hop va thdng nhat Chinh vi vdy, de thue hien tot dupe nhi^m vy quan trong nay, yeu cau triln khai quy hoach sd dyng tdi nguyen, BVMTB-HD Id mdt trong nhdng nhidm vy d n dUpc Uu tidn hdng d l u . Vide xdy dyng quy ho^ch ndy nhdm tao ra mdt cdng cy qudn ly Nhd nudc tong hpp, thing nhdt, gpp phln phdt tnIn kmh t l biln bin vOng ^ ^
d nude ta. ./^
IIANC.HAIVIJTNWI • S5 n/2013 2 7
